g
Integrated
Public Transport
Priority and
Priority and
Traffic Management
S Zi
Sam Zimmerman
World Bank
公共交通优先-交通管理公共交优交管
一体化
S Zi
Sam Zimmerman
World Bank
?What is Integrated Public Transport Priority/Traffic management?Priority/Traffic management?
?什么是公共交通优先/交通管理一体化？?Why is it important?
?为什么很重要？
?How should it be planned and p executed?
?怎样进行规划和执行？
3
Integrated Public Transport Priority/Traffic Management?Priority/Traffic Management?公共交通优先/交通管理一体化？?Combines PT and roadway infrastructure, operations management and PT service improvements with objective of i i d li bilit d f t f l i bli increasing speed, reliability and safety for people using public and non-motorized transport
?为采用公交出行和非机动化出行的市民，以提高出行速度，可靠性，以及安全性为目的，综合改善公共交通和道路基础设施，运行管理，以及公共交通服务
Comprehensive integrated program of complimentary ?Comprehensive, integrated program of complimentary improvements
–Covers entire route/corridor or sub-area
–Focus on facilitating movement of people
?综合性，一体化的互宜改进
4
–覆盖了整个线路/走廊或附属地区
–重在促进人的行动
Traditional Public Transport Priority 传统的公交优先?Focuses on provision of bus lanes or sometimes busways sometimes busways
重点只在提供公交道或者有些时候公交专用道
?May also consider signal priority
May also consider signal priority 可能也会考虑公交信号优先
Targeted at individual “problem”roadway ?Targeted at individual problem roadway segments
目标只在改进单个的“问题”路段
目标只在改进单个的问题路段?Often timid about effecting general traffic even if total travel time for road users can even if total travel time for all road users can be reduced
常常怯于影响路面上的其他机动车流，即使5全部道路使用者的走行时间会减少
It Takes More than Dedicated Lanes to Make Bus Network
to Make Bus Network
公交综合网络优于公交专用道
?Attractive 吸引人
Attractive
Effective 有效
?Effective
Efficient 高效
?Efficient
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Bus Lanes, But Too Many Routes; Too High Vehicle Volumes; Low Operational Efficiency; Poor Traffic Engineering
公交专用道，但太多线路；
太大的交通量低运行效率低水平的交通工程设计
太大的交通量；低运行效率；低水平的交通工程设计
Seoul
(Former)
g
Kunming()
7
Taipei
Manila
Shiji h
Shijiazhuang
8
9
评估现状,近期,远期存在的问题
目标：改善公交系统的效率,功
效,安全
确定出公交优先基建,运行&交通管理的可行备选方案
对每个单独的方案,单独的项目包进行评价,对所有项
目包整体评价
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决策
Begin With Data Collection: What’s The Problem We Are Trying To Solve?The Problem We Are Trying To Solve?从数据收集开始：我们要试图解决什么样的问题?Find out where PT is losing time ?诊断出公共交通系统哪个环节在浪费时间
–Detailed travel time studies for corridor in question in question
–对问题走廊进行详细的走行时间调查
S t b t i t ti b ?Segment by segment, intersection by intersection 逐个路段，逐个交叉口
P bli t t l t ffi
?Public transport, general traffic 公共交通，除公共交通外的其他机动化交通
P k i d fi t 11
?Peak periods first 高峰小时优先
New York BRT Study
Before
“Before”
“以前的”纽约的快速公交研究
停车时间
平均信号灯等
车上时间待延迟时间
平均其他延迟
12
“Before” Situation, Manhattan, NYC以前的情况Manhattan NYC“以前”的情况
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Other Data Items 其他数据项目
?PT and general traffic counts
PT and general traffic counts
公共交通和常规交通（除公交以外的机动化交通）计数
p g(p)
–PT passenger counts (point checks) 公交乘客计数（定点）
–PT and general traffic volumes at critical points
关键点的公共交通和常规交通流量
–Boarding/alighting counts by stop 逐站计数的上下车乘客数Boarding/alighting counts by stop
?PT on-board survey公交随车调查
Travel 出行调查
–Travel
?Origins/destinations 起始点
?Time of day 出行时间
?Trip purpose出行目的
Trip purpose
–Customer satisfaction and issues 乘客满意度和意见
y非公交乘客调查
?Non-PT user surveys
?Accident/safety survey: numbers/locations/causes 事故安性调事故数事故点事故原
?/安全性调查：事故数量/事故地点/事故原因
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Other Data Items
?Non-PT user survey(s) 非公交使用者调查
N PT()
–Drivers 司机
–Pedestrians 行人
Adjacent residents, businesses 临近的居民，商户–Adjacent residents,businesses
?Accident/safety survey: 事故安全调查numbers/locations/causes 数量、事发点、起因numbers/locations/causes数量事发点起因
?Access environment (pedestrian, bicycle) survey 可达性调查（行人，自行车）
（行人自行车）
15
Identify a Range of Alternatives
y g
?Public Transport running ways
–Dedicated curb, shoulder bus lanes
Dedicated curb shoulder bus lanes
–Median, shoulder transitways
–Bus-only expressway ramps, loops
Bus-only expressway ramps loops ?Improved PT Stops
–Shelters 雨棚
Shelters
–Real time passenger information 实时乘客信息服务Maps, schedules地图，时刻表
–Maps schedules
–Better access/egress for pedestrians and y行行车供
bicyclists 为行人和自行车提供更好的出入口
–Provisions for better access/egress by
disabled, elderly 为老人和残疾人提供更好的出入通道
–Lighting 照明
16
London
L d
17
Traffic Management Strategies
交通管理策略
交叉渠化?Intersection channelization 交叉口渠化?Traffic engineering 交通工程
Signal programming (e.g., cycle lengths, phasing) –Signal programming(e.g.,cycle lengths,phasing) and priority 交通信号设计
–Turn prohibitions (right and left) 转向禁止
–Access control (parking lot and garage entrances)进出控制（停车场和加油站进口）
–One-way streets 单行道
One way streets
–Queue jumpers 交叉口公交优先渠化
–“Virtual”bus lanes“可视化”公交道
Virtual bus lanes 可视化公交道
–Parking management 停车管理
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Virtual Bus Lane:
Get Ahead of the Queue
Get Ahead of the Queue
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London Queue Jumper/”Virtual Bus Lane”
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