DRAFT for Review
We are currently in the process of developing and piloting integrated systems testing, we expect NO changes to the component level testing, but may expand the systems testing information based on this experience.
Year 2000
Test Procedures
This version of the GM “Year 2000 Test Procedures” may be revised in the future.
1.This document is being used globally in GM as a reference for all Year 2000 Testing.
2.This document is being shared with all of our suppliers and other manufactures to raise the level of awareness
industry wide for year 2000 testing.
3.As a condition of use, we request feedback on the document including:
?Additional tests and / or examples of failures
?Test plan examples for systems, clusters, and enterprise testing.
Please e-mail any feedback to the authors. (see section 1.5)
NOTICE
This “Year 2000 Test Procedures” document contains test cases from
several sources which may be of assistance in the planning of test
activities for your operations, products and services. It is provided
solely for general informational purposes, and not as advice or specific
recommendations on how you should conduct an assessment, testing or
conversion program for your particular products or services. Neither
General Motors Corporation (GM), nor its agents or consultants, make
any representation or warranty regarding the test procedures and other
information contained in this document, or the information or results
which may be generated by your or a third party’s use of the test
procedures, processes, and other information provided in this
document.
YOU ARE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE TESTING AND
ASSESSMENT OF YOUR OPERATIONS, PRODUCTS AND
SERVICES, AND FOR ANY INFORMATION WHICH YOU MAY
SUPPLY TO GM, OR TO ANY OTHER PARTY, REGARDING THE
“YEAR 2000”
Table of Contents
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (5)
1.1 I NTRODUCTION (5)
1.2 Y EAR 2000 I NFORMATION O VERVIEW (7)
1.3 D OCUMENT H ISTORY (8)
1.4 T RANSLATIONS (8)
1.5 D OCUMENT C OMMENTS (8)
1.6 S YSTEM M ODELS & C OMPONENT T YPES (9)
1.6.1 HMI (9)
1.6.2 Weld Controller (9)
1.6.3 Instrumentation (10)
1.6.4 Specialized System (10)
1.6.5 Motion Control (10)
1.6.6 PLC (10)
1.6.7 Information Co-Processor (11)
1.6.8 Robot (11)
1.6.9 CNC (11)
1.6.10 Vision System (11)
1.6.11 BIOS (12)
1.6.12 PC/Micro/Mini (12)
1.6.13 Software (12)
1.6.14 Software Custom (13)
1.6.15 Mainframe (13)
1.6.16 Voice (13)
1.6.17 Video (13)
1.6.18 Data Comm (13)
1.7 G LOSSARY (14)
1.8 R EFERENCES (17)
1.9 T ESTING T OOLS (18)
1.9.1 PC Compatibles (18)
1.9.2 Industrial Controllers (18)
2. TEST PLANNING (19)
2.1 W HAT TO T EST (19)
2.1.1 Resource Availability (19)
2.2 W HICH T ESTS A PPLY (19)
2.3 C OMPONENT T EST P LANNING (21)
2.4 C OMBINED C OMPONENT T EST P LANNING (21)
2.5 S YSTEM T EST P LANNING (22)
2.6 C LUSTER (I NTEGRATION) T ESTING P LANNING (22)
2.7 C ROSS C LUSTER (E NTERPRISE) T EST P LANNING (23)
2.8 G ENERAL T EST E XECUTION C ONSIDERATIONS (24)
2.8.1 Pre-Test (24)
2.8.2 Testing (24)
2.8.3 Post-Test (25)
2.9 D OCUMENTATION (26)
2.9.1 Test Setup (26)
2.9.2 Test Procedures (26)
2.9.3 Test Results (26)
2.9.4 Skill Sets Required (26)
2.9.5 Equipment Required (26)
2.9.6 Tools Required (26)
3. TEST PROCEDURES (27)
3.1 T ESTING S UMMARY (27)
3.1.1 Critical Date Values for Year 2000 Testing (27)
3.1.2 Identifying Date Fields (28)
3.2 R OLLOVER, R EBOOT, D AY OF W EEK T ESTS (28)
3.2.1 Rollover - 1999 to 2000 - Power on (28)
3.2.3 Reboot - Date retention (29)
3.2.4 Rollover - 1999 to 2000 - Power Off (29)
3.3 M ANUAL D ATE S ET T EST (29)
3.3.1 Date Set - 1 Jan 2000 (29)
3.3.2 Date Set - Date retention (29)
3.3.3 Date Set - 29 Feb. 2000 (30)
3.4 L EAP Y EAR T EST (30)
3.4.1 Leap Year - Rollover 2/28 - Power On (30)
3.4.2 Leap Year - Reboot 2/29 (31)
3.4.3 Leap Year - Rollover 2/29 - Power On (31)
3.5 D ATE W INDOW T ESTS (31)
3.5.1 Date Window Test - Below Limit (31)
3.5.2 Date Window Test - Above Limit (31)
3.5.3 Date Window Test - Change Limit (31)
3.6 O THER D ATE R EPRESENTATION T ESTS (32)
3.6.1 DOY - 29 February 2000 (32)
3.6.2 DOY - 31 December 2000 (32)
3.6.3 DOY - Invalid Dates (33)
3.7 A RITHMETIC D ATE T ESTS (33)
3.7.1 Days in 2000 (33)
3.7.2 Days across 1999/2000 Boundary (33)
3.7.3 Days across leap year (33)
3.8 U PLOAD / D OWNLOAD T ESTS (33)
3.8.1 Upload (33)
3.8.2 Download (34)
3.9 S PECIAL V ALUE T EST (34)
3.10 F ILE OR D IRECTORY C REATION T EST (35)
3.10.1 File - Creation 2000 (35)
3.10.2 File - Replacement 1999-2000 (35)
3.10.3 File - Replacement 2000-2000 (35)
3.11 A UDIT L OG T EST (35)
3.11.1 Audit Log (35)
3.12 R EPORT T ESTS (36)
3.12.1 Report - Query (36)
3.12.2 Report - Sort (37)
3.12.3 Report - Merge (37)
3.12.4 Report - Search (37)
3.13 L OG FILE PURGE T EST (37)
3.14 T IMER T EST (38)
3.15 I NPUT D ATA T EST (38)
3.16 O UTPUT D ATA T EST (38)
3.17 A CTIVATION/D EACTIVATION T ESTS (38)
3.17.1 Valid access (38)
3.17.2 Expired access (39)
3.18 D ISPLAY D ATA T ESTS (39)
3.18.1 Display Data Test (39)
3.19 I NDIRECT D ATE U SAGE T ESTS (39)
3.20 C YCLE T ESTING (39)
3.21 S TRESS T ESTING (41)
3.22 R EGRESSION T ESTING (41)
4. YEAR 2000 CERTIFICATION PROCESS (41)
5. APPENDIX (42)
5.1 T EST P LAN C ONSIDERATIONS (42)
5.1.1 General Integrity (42)
5.1.2 Date Integrity (42)
5.1.3 Explicit First 2 Digits of Year (43)
5.1.4 Implicit First 2 Digits of Year (44)
5.2 Y EAR 2000 T ESTING R EPORT F ORMS (45)
5.2.2 Year 2000 Component & Combined Component Test Report Instructions (47)
5.2.3 Front (47)
5.2.4 Back (48)
5.2.5 Technical & Commercial Info (48)
5.2.6 Year 2000 System Test Report Instructions (53)
5.2.7 Front (53)
5.2.8 Back (55)
5.2.9 Technical & Commercial Info (55)
5.3 Y EAR 2000 S ITE OR P LANT / B UILDING N OTEBOOK (60)
5.4 S AMPLE S ITE OR P LANT T EST P LAN (60)
5.4.1 Body Shop (60)
5.5 S AMPLE A M ANUFACTURING S YSTEM T EST P LAN (61)
5.5.1 System Name : (61)
5.5.2 Component A (Weld Controller) Procedures (61)
5.6 S AMPLE B M ANUFACTURING S YSTEM T EST P LAN (62)
5.6.1 System Name : (62)
1. Executive Summary
The objective of the Year 2000 Test Procedures document is to:
?Introduce the process of testing software
?Publish a set of procedures and test cases for Year 2000 testing
?Formalize the vocabulary of the testing teams
?Formalize the process for reporting test results
?Publish testing references and test tool recommendations
The General Motors Year 2000 test team has developed this base document from several sources and pilot experiences. The test cases included are based on industry wide information and actual Year 2000 problems encountered during the pilot process. These test procedures can be used to test commercial off the shelf components and systems assembled from those components.
1.1 Introduction
This document contains information about year 2000 testing in several sections and an appendix. The first section contains an overview of the document, document history, a year 2000 glossary, and references. A diagram illustrates the relationships between the year 2000 inventory and test documents. The second section contains guidelines for planning testing activities. The third section contains test procedures for components and systems. The fourth section addresses the process for year 2000 compliance. The appendix contains a list of test planning considerations, sample test plans, and forms for reporting test results.
Testing systems will require judgment and knowledge of the system under test. Careful documentation of all testing will be necessary due to the large number of systems each engineer is responsible to maintain. When problems are discovered careful documentation will allow the supplier of the system or other teams to re-create the problem for analysis and /or corrective action as required.
All computing / control / information processing systems are constructed using standard or commercial off the shelf (COTS) components in combination with some custom software or configurations. The GM Year 2000 project is oriented around an inventory based on a standard naming convention for these COTS components in order that the results of testing can be shared. Sharing to both reduce duplicate effort and increase awareness of the problem. A basic assumption of the component inventory method is that “mass produced” components have shareable test results, this assumption must be questioned often, and in the case of modern PC’s has been found to be a bad assumption. In practice we have found that all PC’s must be tested where vital to operations.
Please take the time to skim the entire document. Some have followed the testing procedures without understanding that judgment must be exercised to decide which tests apply to a specific component or system. Time spent planning will be paid back many times, the test procedures are not organized in the most efficient order for actually performing the tests.
An alternative to testing is to review the computer code and look for problems manually or with another computer program. This is a popular method in the COBOL environment and many tools exist specifically for the purpose of finding Year 2000 problems in COBOL programs. This method can be adapted to the controls environment and the test team is currently investigating tools and processes for bench testing or code review in the controls environment. Code for a specific PLC can be examined to see if the year function or register is being used by cross reference listings, others may have specific configuration blocks which must be setup for the date to be used. Where these methods prove out a large reduction in test effort can be reduced to simply bench testing the PLC code. Some suppliers are developing programs to scan the logic for their more popular products, as information is collected a new section will be developed.
1.2 Year 2000 Information Overview
The following diagram illustrates the relationship between inventory and testing information. The detailed inventory information is used during the assessment process to identify systems which require testing. The test planning guidelines and testing procedures are used to create an overall test plan which may contain or reference test plans for each individual system. Test reports are used to record the tests performed. Combined Component test reports are logged for sharing in the Y2K repository. System test reports are unique to the operation where performed. System test reports may be shared to provide examples of Year 2000 failures, but can not be applied to other systems. One assumption which must be understood, “mass produced components are interchangeable and the test results will be the same.” This assumption is valid in many cases, but many software based products are revised without visible indications. A common example is the BIOS for a PC which is loaded into EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read only memory) and can be updated easily.
1.3 Document History
The following table summarizes changes to this document.
Date of Revision Revision Summary
May 30, 19970.0Initial Draft Release for comments
July 15, 19970.1Release for comments after NAO Pilot
August 8, 1997 1.0Release to All Plants
September 15, 1997 2.0Draft incorporating input from GME Pilot incorporates
combine component concepts
September 26, 1997 2.1Insert Legal disclaimer & Executive summary
March 15, 1998 3.0Incorporate feedback and update test report forms. Included
new tests; cycle testing, regression, and stress.
1.4 Translations
The following table documents the currently available translations of this document and the current root version. Please contribute any new translations to the author via e-mail. The base document is in MS Word 6 format for general compatibility.
Language Root Version Filename
English Version 3.0tstver30.doc
German Version 2.1tstv21de.doc
Spanish Version 2.1tstv21sp.doc
Polish Version 2.1tstv21po.doc
Hungarian Version 2.1tstv21un.doc
Portuguese Version 2.1tstv21pr.doc
1.5 Document Comments
The following table documents the authors of this document. All comments should be returned to the current authors for incorporation into successive versions. All comments for the next release of this document must be received 2 weeks prior to the expiration date in the footer of this document.
Name of Author David Barber
Lotus Notes David Barber@US_DET_BPKN02
Internet Email Address LNUSBPK.CZP3M5@https://www.doczj.com/doc/b09523096.html,
Phone(313) 667-4811
Name of Author Joseph Buffa, II
Lotus Notes Joseph Buffa@US_GM_DET_BPK01
Internet Email Address LNUSBPK.PZWYNW@https://www.doczj.com/doc/b09523096.html,
Phone(313) 667-4544
1.6 System Models & Component Types
Systems are modeled in the Year 2000 inventory as a collection of components. The component based model has been adopted in an attempt to identify and share information about Year 2000 problems. In some cases a single component may not be testable standalone, but rather in combination with other components. This is the combined component concept, for example a PC with a BIOS and Operating system. The following sections describe the component types typically used to construct control / computer / or information processing systems. This information provides examples of how components may be affected by Year 2000 problems and is used in the matrix of which tests apply. As the complexity of a system increases, the probability increases that a date related problem exists. For the purpose of defining test requirements, components are grouped in the following component types:
?HMI
?Weld Controller ?Instrumentation ?Specialized Systems ?Motion Control
?PLC
?Information Co-processor ?Robot
?CNC ?Vision System ?BIOS
?PC/Micro/Mini ?Software ?Software-Custom ?Mainframe ?Voice
?Video
?Data Comm
This list is ordered generally by increasing level of complexity of component type and the level of testing required. It is not practical to test a complex system 100%, but a reasonable effort can be made to identify Year 2000 problems with a limited number of test case scenarios. ( See section 2.2 Which Tests Apply )
1.6.1 HMI
The Human Machine Interface (HMI) component type includes devices dedicated to display or input data. Increasingly intelligent HMI’s built using PC’s should be tested as PC’s and HMI’s that do not include PC’s should be tested as HMI’s. ( See section 1.6.12 PC/Micro/Mini )
Examples include:
1.Allen-Bradley PanelView 550, 900, 1200
2.Cutler-Hammer IDT PanelMate
3.Unipo
1.6.2 Weld Controller
The weld controller component type includes any controls related to welding, weld timers, weld controllers, stud welders.
Examples include:
1.Pertron Paragon G
2.Bosch PS2081
1.6.3 Instrumentation
The instrumentation component type includes data loggers, remote instrument transmitters, and analytical instruments in quality laboratories. Examples of integrating sensors that used the full date in time based calculations have been identified with year 2000 problems.
Examples include:
1.Promess EPR 12006
2.Leeds & Northrup Speedomax
1.6.4 Specialized System
The specialized system component type includes control systems which are designed and manufactured to solve a specific problem. Controls are single purpose and only allow for configuration and no programming. The number of Year 2000 problems for this class is expected to be low. However there have been problems with time stamped printouts failing to function correctly on weigh scales, and fire alarm systems which no longer report fires after the year 2000.
Examples include:
1.Wheel Alignment System
2.Head Light Aim System
3.Tire Balancing Equipment
4.Single Loop Controllers
5.HVAC controllers
6.Weigh scales
1.6.5 Motion Control
The motion control component type includes AC drives, DC drives, servo systems, and single axis controllers. There is a reported Year 2000 problem with a SERCOS drive controller card.
Examples include:
1.Allen-Bradley IMC110, 1336 AC Drive
2.GE Fanuc D3B, DC300
3.Modicon Quantum Sercos Controller
1.6.6 PLC
The Programmable Logic controller (PLC) component type, (or in Europe step process controllers - SPCs) are normally programmed in ladder logic and must have a custom application program. Most PLC controllers are Year 2000 compliant, but each controller contains a custom application program which may or may not handle date information correctly. During the inventory PLC’s should be surveyed for information co-processors.
Examples include:
1.Allen-Bradley PLC-5/40C
2.Modicon 984
3.Bosch CL500
1.6.7 Information Co-Processor
The information co-processor component type contains intelligent sub-systems or control modules which are used in PLCs or other modular systems which are designed for expansion.
Examples include:
1.CPU modules (Bosch ZS500)
2.Basic modules (Allen-Bradley 1771-DB)
3.ASCII modules (Allen-Bradley 1771-DA)
4.Real-time clock modules (Allen-Bradley 1771-DC)
5.Co-processor modules (Allen-Bradley 1771-DMC)
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b09523096.html,munications modules (Bosch DB500, Bosch RM500)
1.6.8 Robot
The robot component type includes complex motion controller which is optimized to translate tool path data into the required motion on non-orthogonal joints, some models include a PC in the control for user interface and networking. The inventory should include the robot controller, not the mechanical arm model and version.
Examples include:
1.ABB S3
2.ABB S4/PC
3.Fanuc RH, RJ, RJ-2
1.6.9 CNC
The Computer Numerical Controls (CNC) component type includes motion controls which process a part program to define part geometry and machine motion. Most modern CNC’s include a 3.5” floppy drive with associated PC compatible file system. Fault logging functions which time stamp the occurrence of machine faults are standard features. Many CNC’s are used in an environment where part programs are downloaded for every part which is processed. Typical CNC’s have PLC style logic which is used to “marry” the control to a specific machine configuration, the part-program interpreter, real-time motion control, and even graphical part-programming support functions.
Examples include:
1.GE Fanuc SERIES 15-M, SERIES 18-TB
2.Allen-Bradley 8600, Series 9/260
3.Okuma OSP 5020M/L
1.6.10 Vision System
The vision system component type includes dedicated vision systems which may be assembled from other components. If the other components at identifiable by supplier, model, and version list the individual items also.
Examples include:
1.Perceptron 1500
2.Allen-Bradley VIM2
1.6.11 BIOS
The Basic Input Output System (BIOS) component type is included to emphasize the source of several Year 2000 related problems. It may be possible to resolve some year 2000 problems by upgrading the BIOS. The BIOS of a PC can be obtained using special PC programs or during the boot sequence on older, slower PC’s. Some operating systems can display the BIOS supplier, model, and version
Examples include:
1.Award Modular 4.40
2.Phoenix 8D 486 V1.10
3.AMI 3.03
1.6.12 PC/Micro/Mini
The PC/Micro/Mini component type includes all computer systems from micro-computers to mini-computers. During the inventory process the PC BIOS, operating system, and other software should be listed where known as individual components. This is by far the most likely type of system to have Year 2000 related problems. The combination of PC hardware real-time clock (RTC), a BIOS, and operating systems is frequently present. Recently PC’s are used more with PLC application programs. Mini computers are used as well as PC’s. Documenting a control system that uses a combination of hardware and software with different versions and implementation tools may be of little use unless the information can be used to identify known problems and share information about the problems and solution. The effect of Year 2000 problems within unique Computer based Controls must be fully documented and tested where possible to ensure any Year 2000 problem is minimized.
Examples include:
1.DEC VAX 11/780, PDP-11/44
2.HP 9000/G40, HP1000, HP3000
3.IBM PC/AT, Compaq Deskpro 450
4.Texas Micro D486
1.6.13 Software
The software component type includes operating systems, software packages, and software tools used to support systems. Typical software packages are database, graphics, and specialized data collection packages. Software tools include compilers, assemblers, code management systems, ladder logic programming tools, and PLC status monitoring programs. Application software packages such as Wonderware or P-CIM have known problems dealing with the Year 2000 date transition. All packages are also potential problem areas including runtime libraries used to build an application. Some of the known problems for software packages include: locking up completely at the Year 2000 rollover, failing to write historical data after Year 2000, and incorrect sorting of alarm or history data after the year 2000.
Examples include:
1.Wonderware In-Touch 5.0b
2.Bosch MADAP
3.Microsoft Windows NT 3.51
1.6.14 Software Custom
The software custom component type includes any custom software used to support systems. Custom software programs are ladder logic programs, robot control applications in KAREL, and computer programs written using any programming language.
Examples include:
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b09523096.html,dder Logic Programs
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b09523096.html,puter Programs
?Custom software written for a specific system exists in PLC’s, Robot Controllers, CNC’s, and computers. By definition these custom applications present a risk since they are normally unique and therefore fall into the
unknown compliance category.
1.6.15 Mainframe
The Mainframe component type is included to capture large scale computing hardware.
1.6.16 Voice
The Voice component type is included to capture any computer equipment associated with the telephone or voice communications systems.
1.6.17 Video
The Video component type is included to capture any computer equipment associated with the video monitoring or communications systems.
1.6.18 Data Comm
The Data Comm component type is included to capture any computer equipment associated with the data communications or networking infrastructure.
1.7 Glossary
The following list of words may have special meaning in the context of the Year 2000 project or this document.
WORD or Phrase Definition
Application A set of computer programs designed for a particular function or set of
functions.
Black Box Testing Test case selection is based on an analysis of the specification without reference
to the internal workings of the component under test, also called functional
testing.
Calendar errors Errors typically include failing to treat 2000 as a leap year and converting
incorrectly between date representations.
Clock There is hardware or software time functionality contained in the component.
No calendar or date functionality exists; although time or timer functions are
present. eg. day-of-week (7 day counter), hours, minutes, or seconds, but not
day-of-year or date.
Cluster A cluster is a logical grouping for testing of systems that constitute a complete
manufacturing or business process, any set of cooperating computing systems.
e.g. Body Framing, Production Scheduling, Material Management. Combined Component Any grouping of Components for efficent testing. A Combined Component
may have two or more date/time functions that can affect test results. (e.g. BIOS
& PC Hardware)
Common System Internal General Motors terminology for an application that has been approved
as the corporate standard for accomplishing a given set of functions. Compliance"Year 2000 compliance means that neither performance nor functionality is
affected by dates prior to, during and after Year 2000. Compliance will be
demonstrated when the criteria of General, date, and century integrity are
satisfied."
Component Any standalone, computer-based, commercial off-the-shelf hardware device or
software package; or custom software application. A single date/time function
that can be isolated for test results, smallest unit of testing for the year 2000
project. (See Combined Component)
COTS Commercial off-the-shelf, an acronym commonly used in government
procurement, something which can be purchased as a standard product. Critical Date Any date value identified for testing, for example 1-1-2000.
Cross Cluster Testing The highest level of integration testing which is organized around a particular
function or across functions. Also called Enterprise Testing. An example is the
processing of an order for a product through to product delivery.
Date Field Any variable or constant that can contain date information.
Date Function The inventory item has a calendar, day, or date functionality. Timers or counters
may be present without calendar or date.
Date Horizon The time at which a critical date will occur.
Date Integrity All manipulations of calendar-related data (dates, duration, days of week, etc.)
will produce desired results for all valid date values within the application
domain.
Date Overflow Many software products represent dates internally as a base date/time plus an
offset in days, seconds, or microseconds since that base date/time. Hardware
integers holding the offset value can overflow past the maximum corresponding
date—an event which may lead to undefined behaviors.
Enterprise Test Test of ability to execute specific business process or scenario in a Y2K
compliant environment.
Explicit first 2 digits of year Date elements in interfaces and data storage permit specifying the first 2 digits
of the year to eliminate date ambiguity.
Extended Semantics In general, specific values for a date field are reserved for special interpretation.
The most common example is interpreting "99" in a 2-digit year field as an
indefinite end date, i.e., "does not expire." Another is embedding a date value
in a non-date data element.
First 2 digits of year ambiguity This is the most common element. Software represents dates with a 1- or 2-
digit year. When software does not recognize that dates are not all in the 19xx
range, the results are undesirable.
General Integrity No value for current date will cause interruptions in normal operation. Gregorian Calendar Revision of the Julian calendar in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, adopted by the
US and Great Britain in 1752. Added that centesimal leap years must be
divisible by 400 rule and suppressed 10 or 11 days during 1700.
Implicit first 2 digits of year For any date element represented without the first 2 digits, the correct first 2
digits is unambiguous for all manipulations involving that element. Inconsistent Semantics At interface between systems, software on each side assumes semantics of data
passed. Software must make same first 2 digits of date assumptions about 2-
digit years.
Integration Test Test applied to a collection of systems.
Interface A communications path or connection from component to component, or
system to an external system.
Interval Of Interest Time range associated with a particular date field, real-time systems typically
have short intervals of interest (minutes) , financial systems longer intervals of
interest (years).
Julian Calendar Introduced in Rome in 46 B.C. established 12 month year of 365 days with
every 4th year having 366 days.
Julian Date Julian Date (JD) is the number of days since Noon 4713 BC plus the fractional
part of a day for the time of day past Noon.
Leading Date Horizon Leading date horizons are the forward time difference from the current time
until last date value of a date field crosses a critical date.
Modified Julian Date Modified Julian Date (MJD) is the Julian Date minus 2,400,000.5 which
reduced the size of the number of days to 5 digits and shifted the beginning of
the time of day to Midnight. For 1997, the MJD is 50448 + DOY (day of year). Readiness Test Test applied to a suite of components or units in a Y2K compliant environment. Real-time Clock A battery operated clock which keeps time when the system is powered off. Regression Testing Re-testing a system after modification to ensure that no new faults are
introduced. The test uses the same data sets before and after to verify by
comparison that the outputs are identical.
System A system is a logical grouping of components, combined components, and / or
systems for testing that control a manufacturing process, or support a business
function. (e.g. Welding Cell Controls, Quality Control Computers, Client/
Server Application )
System Test Test applied to a system.
Test Case A test case is a documented test procedure with specific input data and expected
test results. Example - rollover Dec 31, 1999.
Test Plan A test plan is a documented set of test cases and test scripts.
Test Procedure A test procedure is a step by step description of the test to be performed.
Example - rollover.
Trailing Date Horizon Trailing date horizons are the backward time difference from the current time to
the first time a date value for a date field crosses a critical date.
Unit A Unit (component) is the minimum recognizable level to which equipment
containing a date/time function or processor can be broken down. The
Inventory will be composed of multiple Units or components.
Unit Test Test applied at the component or unit level.
Virtual Clock A software based clock used in some operating systems to maintain the time as
an operating system service.
White Box Testing Test case selection is based on an analysis of the internal workings of the
component under test, also called structural testing.
Year 2000 Ready (Y2K Ready)The inventory item is Y2K Compliant or the non-compliance is understood and
deemed acceptable and no further remediation will be completed.
1.8 References
The following list of references are pertinent to the year 2000 project.
1.ANSI X3.30 - Formatting Date Data
2.FIPS-4-1 (Revised 1996-03-25) - Federal or DoD procurements
3.ASC X12 EDI draft std for trial use, ISO 9735, UN/EDIFACT - Electronic commerce (EDI)
4The Modified Julian Date (MJD) has been officially recognized by the International Astronomical Union (IAU), and by the Consultative Committee for Radio (CCIR), the
advisory committee to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). The
pertinent document is
CCIR RECOMMENDATION 457-1, USE OF THE MODIFIED JULIAN DATE BY THE STANDARD
FREQUENCY AND TIME-SIGNAL SERVICES.
This document is contained in the CCIR "Green Book" Volume VII.
5.The Almanac for Computers also provides information on JD & MJD.
6.Additional, extensive documentation regarding the Julian Date (JD) is contained in the Explanatory Supplement to
the Astronomical Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac, and in the yearbooks themselves, now called The Astronomical Almanac.
7.Testing Very Big Systems; David Marks, McGraw Hill 1992, ISBN 0-07-040433-X
8.Software Testing; Marc Roper, 1994, ISBN 0-07-707466-1
9.Testing Computer Software; Kaner, Tab, 1988, ISBN 0-8306-9563-X
10.Software Testing in the Real World, improving the process; Edward Kit, Addison-Wesley, 1995, ISBN 0-201-
87756-2
11.Software Testing A Craftsman’s Approach; Paul C Jorgensen, 1995, ISBN 0-8493-7345-X
12.IEEE Standard for Software Verification and Validation Plans (ANSI/IEEE Standard 1012-1986)
13.IEEE Standard 829-1983 for Software Test Documentation (updated 1991)
14.IEEE Draft Standard 2000.1 Year 2000 Terminology ( early 1998 )
15.IEEE Draft Standard 2000.2 Year 2000 Test Methods ( early 1998 )
16.BCS Standard for Software Component Testing Draft 3.3, April 1997
17.IEE Embedded Systems and Y2K
1.9 Testing Tools
For a list of potential testing tools please refer to the General Motors corporate Y2K Library.
1.9.1 PC Compatibles
Tools have been choosen that General Motors will use to test “PC Hardware” for Y2K compliance. Please refer to the General Motors corporate Y2K Library for the latest versions of these tools.
1.9.2 Industrial Controllers
At this time no test programs have been identified which apply to industrial controls. Several may be in development for scanning PLC programs for potential year 2000 problems. ( Please send information to the author about this subject.)
2. Test Planning
This section of the document provides guidelines for writing specific test plans. Example test plans for plants or sites and individual systems are included in the appendix. The resources required to conduct the tests are also described. Testing shall be conducted on large systems using the divide and conquer method. Unit testing addresses the smallest division for which tests are reasonable, the number of test cases is smaller and the likelihood of finding all the errors is increased. Once a unit has been tested, integration testing begins by assembling larger systems from tested units. At this level the number of test cases may increase and the likelihood of finding all the Year 2000 errors decreases. Balance and judgment are required of the test designer to select the system boundaries and appropriate test cases. Systems which are unique may share many common components and similar architectures. Two systems using identical hardware in a similar architecture may have different applications and use date related functions in completely different ways requiring separate testing.
Testing Levels:
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b09523096.html,ponent testing, testing a single component controller or application in isolation
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b09523096.html,bined Component testing, testing an assembly of standard components and custom application programs or
configurations
3.System testing, testing a collection of Combined Components and Components which are assembled into a complete
system. An example is a welding cell with PLC’s, Robots, HMI’s, PC’s, and weld controllers. Readiness Testing is System Testing in a Y2K compliant environment.
4.Cluster (Integration) testing, testing a collection of Systems and Common Systems and / or Business Systems that
constitute a complete process. An example is a test of the paint shop systems taken as a whole including the interfaces to any higher level support or scheduling systems.
5.Cross Cluster (Enterprise) testing, the highest level of integration testing where the test cases are organized around
specific functions, or across functional boundaries. An example is the entire process of Automobile Order through Automobile delivery.
2.1 What to Test
Prioritize test scheduling based on the inventory of controls and computers to identify the most suspect components or systems. Suspect components are those with unknown or undocumented testing results. Components that are part of a system that shares date information or that uses date information for product marking in the manufacturing process (encoded date information) should be considered suspect. Unique systems which have been locally built and programmed must be tested individually, test results for commercial off the shelf hardware or software may be shared industry wide.
2.1.1 Resource Availability
Evaluate the required resources prior to scheduling the tests:
?The system is available, not in production
?The system cannot be tested in a lab environment
?The system is functional and can be dry cycled
?Ease of dry cycle operation may influence choice of cell where similar systems exist
?Appropriate personnel are available to oversee and conduct the testing
?External Systems interfaces can be disconnected, simulated, or modified for testing purposes
?Backup has been performed prior to testing
?Support personnel are available as required
?CPU time or storage capacity available for test execution and test data storage
2.2 Which Tests Apply
The following test procedures are intended to provide a baseline for Year 2000 testing to ensure consistent and repeatable results. These tests apply to standard control components and software as well as custom applications. A matrix of component type and tests contains a recommended set of tests to perform on a particular system or standard component. These are only a recommendation. The tester should review these tests to determine which apply to the specific component or system.
( For System, Cluster, and Cross-Cluster testing careful consideration should be given to section 5.1 )
Component Type HMI Vision System
Instrumentation Specialized
System
PLC Robot PC/
Micro/
Software
Section Test Name Motion Control
Weld Controller
Mainframe
Voice
Video
DataComm
Information
Co-Processor CNC
Mini
BIOS
Software
Custom
3.2Rollover, Reboot, Day of Week
Tests
X X X X X X X 3.3Manual Date Set Test X X X X X X X 3.4Leap Year Test X X X X X X X 3.5Date Window Tests X X 3.6Other Date Representation Tests X 3.7Arithmetic Date Tests X X 3.8Upload / Download Tests X X X X X 3.9Special Value Test X X 3.10File or Directory Creation Test X X X X X 3.11Audit Log Test X X 3.12Report Tests X X 3.13Log file purge Test X X 3.14Timer Test X X X 3.15Input Data Test X X X X 3.16Output Data Test X X X X 3.17Activation/Deactivation Tests X 3.18Display Data Tests X X 3.19Indirect Date Usage Tests X X X X X 3.20Cycle Testing X 3.21Stress Testing X X 3.22Regression Testing X X 5.1Test Plan Considerations X X Legend : X - Recommended Test
五年级英语上册期末试卷 一、单词辨音。找出下面每组单词中划线部分发音不同的单词，并将其字母编号在答题卡上涂黑。（5 分） ( )1.A. son ( )2.A. tea B.hope B.clean C. coke C. bread ( )3. A.bun B. put C. run ( )4. A.hot B. hobby C. hour ( )5.A. ice B.can C. cat 二、单词拼写。看图或根据中文提示，在答题卡相应的位置上写出单词所缺的字母。(8 分) 5. a big h 6. aw day 7. a s 8. at them 1.例 如f e 2.大量的p o 3.迅速地走w q 4.在午餐时间atl 1. make as 2. ab ofj 3. Children’s P 4. a niced
三、单项选择。选择最佳答案，并把其英文字母编号写在括号内。 ( )1. Jiamin eatstoomuch every day. So he isheavy. A.vegetables B. tea C. chocolate ( ) 2. I don’t likeswimming.I goswimming. A. always B.seldom https://www.doczj.com/doc/b09523096.html,ually ( ) 3. Sam’s parents arealwaysbusy weekdays. A.at B. on C. in ( ) 4. Mike lovesEnglishfoods sandwiches andchips. A. like B. are C.is ( )5.Janetloveschildrenandshe’sgoodatusingnumbers.Shewants to be . A. afactoryworker B. anartteacher C. a mathsteacher ( ) 6. It’s cold outside.Iwant do drink. A.somethinghot B.somethingcold C. hotsomething ( )7.Look!Theskyturnsdark(黑)。I thinkitwillbe . A. rainy B.warm C.sunny ( )8. Everything good. I really enjoy themeal. A.taste B. tastes C.are ( ) 9. Western people usually havemealswith 。 A. a knifeandfork B. forksandbowls C. chopsticks and bowls ( ) 10.A:What’sthe now? B:It’s 28℃。 A.weather B.temperature C.date ( ) 11.A：is Xiaoling? B: Maybe she’s in her study now. A.Where B.When C.What ( ) 12.A：the fruits? B:Very fresh. A. Doyouwant B. Wouldyou like C. What do you think of
幼儿园小班主题教案HappyNewYear 新的一年到了，大家都可以看到我们的小宝贝们的成长是多么得快。想想一年前的宝贝。就知道我们的宝贝是多么的不简单了。谢谢我们的家长，同时也要感谢我们的小宝贝们的努力。 准备音乐：金蛇狂舞 （老师要事先编排一个舞蹈。音乐一开始20个左右的孩子跑上台大声齐说：“过年啦，Happy new year！”说完后开始舞蹈。当旋律放完一篇时，音量减半，孩子们按队型站好。一位老师一个男孩和一个女孩共三位主持人走向前来。顺序说出下列语言。） 老师：Ladies and gentlemen BOYS： Teachers and parents GIRLS： Boys and girls 一起说：Happy new year！ 老师：非常高兴各位家长朋友能来到幼儿园一起和小朋友过新年。今天来到这里，当你们看到自己的宝贝在这里健康的成长。你们脸上浮现出了温馨的笑容。可孩子们哪里知道身为父母是多么的不容易。在新年来临之际，孩子们要用他们天真的声音道到一声：“爸爸，妈妈，我爱你。” 歌曲Daddy Mommy I love you （音乐响起）孩子们一起来唱。 （唱完后）老师：我们的小宝贝们唱得这么棒，爸爸妈妈们一起
来鼓励一下他们。我们一起来学一下：Hey hey great。 Hey hey hey great。现在我们一起鼓励一下我们的小宝贝。 家长和老师一起说： Hey hey great。 Hey hey hey great。 单词时间 A．Fruit 老师：（对孩子说）今天过新年，我们每个小宝贝都长大了一岁，老师就要看看哪个小宝贝最棒了。你们都知道这些水果宝宝们叫什么名字吗？（边说这句话边拿出水果实物来）What’s this？ 孩子：Apple/banana/pear…（孩子说出一个单词，老师就要奖给孩子一个水果。每个孩子都要有一个） 老师：这些好吃的，他们都非常得棒。如果我们天天吃，就能长得很高，就能玩更多好玩的玩具。我们现在一起来为他们唱一首歌。Apple I Love You（第一册第一单元）（唱三遍，每一遍都要换水果）B．Color 老师：宝贝们仔细地看一下，我们手中的漂亮又好吃水果都是什么颜色呢？（孩子们观察）老师这里也有很多漂亮的好吃的，宝贝们告诉老师它们都是什么颜色？ 老师：What color is the apple/banana/pear…？ 孩子：red /blue/ yellow /green。 老师：我们的小宝贝说得这么棒。爸爸妈妈们再一次鼓励一下我们的小宝贝。 家长和老师一起说：Hey hey great。 Hey hey hey great。
六年级英语上册期末测试卷 时间：60分钟满分：100分+10分题号一二三四五六七八九十十一十二口语总分得分 听力部分(30分) 一、听录音，给下列图片排序。(5分) 二、听录音，选择正确的答句。(5分) ()1. A. The plants. B. The smoke. C. The fish. ()2. A. In the forest. B. In the zoo. C. In the sea. ()3. A. About ten minutes. B. About six hours. C. At ten o'clock. ()4. A. The Palace Museum and Big Ben. B. Big Ben and the British Museum. C. Big Ben and the Great Wall. ()5. A. They eat unhealthy food. B. They don't eat anything. C. They eat healthy food. 三、听录音，补全句子。每空一词。(10分) 1. Last summer, we ____________ to the ____________ Museum. 2. Don't eat ____________ much ____________！ 3. Beijing is ____________ the ____________ of China. 4. I'd like to ____________ about his ____________. 5. We recycle ____________ to help the ____________.
M3--M4 期中复习5A M3U1 1. outdoor _______ (activity) 2. How do I get _______ the Century Park? = ______________________________________________? 3. walk along ... 4. turn left/right _______ the _______ (three) crossing 5. cross the road = walk ________ the road 6. zebra crossing 7. next to ... = beside ... 8. -Thank you a lot. -You're welcome. 9. That's right. That's all right. All right. 10. go to the cinema = ______________________ = ______________________ 11. bake-baker-bakery 12. get on -- get off 13. take the underground ______ the Park Street Station
14. be in hospital 15. want ______ (see) different _________ (animal) 16. Tom __________ (look) at a map ______ the zoo now. 17. John like _________ (crocodile). 18. We can see some _________ (monkey) on ______ (we) right. 19. a visit _______ Ocean World 20. It is Sunday. _____________________________ 21. We are going ________ (play) tennis this afternoon. ____________________________________________________________ 21. Alice doesn't like sharks.（肯定句） ____________________________________________ 22. The children see some dolphins.（单数，疑问，划线） _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 23. be cute and clever 24. It's twelve fifteen.（同义句，划线） __________________________________ __________________________________ 25. look for ... 26. _________ (there be) some restaurants near here?
Unit 8 Happy New Year 单元教材简析 二、单元重、难点： 教学重点： （1）句型：What’s this / that ?It’s … This is for you. （2）词汇：happy, new, year, for, doll, ball, robot （3）字母：Xx,Yy,Zz 教学难点： （1）日常用语：What’s this / that…?的语序 （2）词汇：happy,new, year, doll, ball, robot （3）字母Xx和Zz的读音。 三、单元容分析： 1、本单元教材以“Happy New Year!”为主题，让学生学会节日问候并询问物品名称。 2、词汇：重点掌握单词a doll, a ball, a CD, a car, a robot.
3、句型：学会准确使用What’s this/that? This is for…句型询问物品和互赠礼物。 4、日常交际用语：节日祝福语Happy New Year! Happy birthday!及相应回答。 5、字母：继续学习认读及书写字母Xx, Yy, Zz. 6、Learning tips: Holiday greetings. 四、课时安排：6课时 Unit 8 Happy New Year! 第一课时 教学容：Story time 教学目标： 1.能初步听懂、会拼读、会写单词：a doll, a ball, a CD, a car, a robot. 2.能初步听懂What is this/that…,并且能用It’s a …来回答。 3.培养学生听说读写的英语综合运用能力 教学重难点： 1.能初步会听、说、读并拼写单词： a robot 2.能听懂、会读、会运用句型：What’s this/that?，并会用It’s a 来回答。 3.能听懂、会读、会说、会运用句型This is for you./It’s for you.来相互赠与礼物 4.Xx.Yy.Zz的读音。 学情分析： 学生已经掌握句型：what’s this? It’s …… 通过上单元小诗的学习，对for已经有所了解。 教学准备：课件、光盘、相关食物等。 教学时间：
牛津小学英语六年级期末试卷 听力部分（30分） 一、听录音,选出你听到得内容.（听一遍）（10分） ( )1. A. earphone B. dairy C. handkerchief D. walkman ( )2. A.18th of October B. 6th of August C. 12th of July D. 8th of June ( )3. A. 33425 B. 33465 C. 32495 D. 33265 ( )4. A. all B. ago C. also D. as ( )5. A. rose B. race C. face D. science ( )6. A. talk about B. take a walk C. take on D. take photos ( )7. A. pick up B. get up C. stand up D. go up ( )8. A. three years ago B. thirteen years ago C. thirty years ago D. the third year ( )9. A. in your bedroom B. in the bathroom C. on your bed D. in the bag ( )10. A. a roll of film B. a pair of glasses C. a glass of milk D. a pair of trousers 二、根据所听句子,选择正确的答案.（听两遍）（10分） ( )1. A. It’s the 3rd of March. B. It’s Teachers’ Day. C. It’s Thursday ( )2. A. Thanks a lot B. How nice C. It was there a moment ago. ( )3. A. It was a pair of glasses. B. It’s a pair of glasses. C. They’re a pair of glasses. ( )4. A. It’s in the park. B. It means ‘No parking’ C. It was in the park. ( )5. A. Yes, it is. B. It’s not my handkerchief. C. It’s in my pocket. ( )6. A. It’s Sunday. B. It’s Sports Day. C. It’s the 8th of Oct. ( )7. A. in the classroom B. in the playground C. at home ( )8. A. Having a running race. B. Watching a running race C. Taking photos.
龙池附小2017年上学期 五 年级 期末 测试卷 （ 科目：英语 ） 时间：60分钟 分值：100分 题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 总分 得分 听力部分(30分) 一． 选出你所听到的单词。（10分） （ ）1.A.inside B.outside C. on D.behind （ ）2.A.chair B.bag C.flat D.head （ ）3.A.umbrella B.glass C.books D.bag （ ）4.A.quiet B.loud C.awake D.noisy （ ）5.A.long B.short C.round D.square （ ）6.A.pencils B.ice-cream C.bottles D.cakes （ ）7.A.soft B.fluffy C.shiny D.warm （ ）8.A.nose B.eyes C.hands D.tongue （ ）9.A.left B.right C.up D.down （ ）10.A.rain B.rainy C.wind D.windy 二． 选出你所听到的句子。（10分） ( )1.A.It ’s not mine. B.It ’s not hers. C.It ’s not theirs. 答 作 要 不 内 线 封 密 ： 号 考 准 ： 名 姓 ： 级 班 ： 校学 座位号
( )2.A.The bird was in the cage. B.The bird was in the tree. C.The bird was under the bench. ( )3.A.It’s a brown tadpole. B.It’s a green frog C.It’s a blue butterfly. ( )4.A.I like all the areoplanes. B.I like both bicycles. C.I like all the dolls. ( )5.A.What colour is the small dinosaur. B.What colour is the big dinosaur? C.What colour are the pandas? 三．根据问句选择答句。 ( )1. A.Both the cars are the black. B.Both the cars are too big. ( )2.A.They eat 50 kilos of fish. B.They eat hay. ( )3.A.One boy has a computer. B.I’ve got a bicycle. ( )4.A.I like apples best. B.I like dogs best. ( )5.A.It’s under the bench. B.The door is open.
牛津英语小学六年级英语第一学期期末考试 一、把下列单词翻译成英语或者汉语（20分） 1、always__________________________ 2、member________________________ 3、yesterday________________________ 4、pavement______________________ 5、spend____________________________ 6、arrive________________________ 7、holiday__________________________8、special________________________ 9、collect__________________________10、fight__________________________ 11、开始__________________________12、剑____________________________ 13、电影院________________________14、成年人________________________ 15、大笑__________________________16、变化__________________________ 17、最喜爱的______________________18、足够的________________________ 19、健康的________________________20、宇宙飞船______________________ 二、把下列词组翻译成汉语或者英语。（20分） 1、几百年前________________________________ 2、去看电影___________________ _______________ 3、灭火_____________________________ 4、许多不同的工作____________________ ______________ 5、中秋节_______________________________ 6、足够的钱______________________ ______________ 7、一瓶水_______________________________8、成长，长大____________________ ______________ 9、去购物_______________________________10、在冰箱里_____________________ ______________
Part 2 Writing (阅读部分) 60% 一、找出不同类的词5% ( ) 1. A. drum B. violin C. music D. piano ( ) 2. A. am B. were C. are D. is ( ) 3. A. cloudy B. cloud C. cold D. rainy ( ) 4. A. theirs B. your C. our D. my ( ) 5. A. plums B. pears C. durians D. chocolates 二、仿照例词写单词5% Model say says said come __________ __________ do __________ __________ cut __________ __________ play__________ __________ like __________ __________ 三、为下列单词找出相应的音标词8% shadow climb down same shelf farmer where summer /klaIm / __________ /daJn / __________ /seIm / __________ /Felf / __________ /5fB:mE / __________ /weE/ __________ /5sQmE / __________ /5FAdEJ / __________ 四、选词填空10% 1.选择合适的词完成句子5% a.It’s six o’clock. I’m up. (get , getting) b.Do you like the green ones __________ red ones? (and , or) c.I smell with my __________. (nose , ears) d.Is this bird Mr Wang’s? Yes, it’s . (his , hers) e.Be quiet. The baby is ___________. (asleep, awake) 2.用疑问词(How, When, Whose, Which, What colour )填空5% a.__________ strawberries do you want? The soft and sweet ones. b.__________ screwdriver is that? It’s Peter’s father’s. c.__________are the beans? They are green. d.__________ do you feed the parrots? At six o’clock. e.__________ do you go to the Country Park? By car. 五、选择填空10% ( ) 1. Here’s the weather ________ Friday, the first ________June.
六年级英语试卷 听力部分（20%） 一、听录音，从A、B、C三个选项中选出你所听到的内容( 5% ) ( ) 1. A. pass B. past C. must ( ) 2. A. little B. letter C. litter ( ) 3. A. cook B. look C. book ( ) 4. A. taste B. last C. take ( ) 5. A. open B. over C. orange ( ) 6. A. coat B. come C. boat ( ) 7. A. water B. what C. watch ( ) 8. A. there B. where C. here ( ) 9. A. dance better B. sing better C. do better ( ) 10. A. shopping center B. middle school C. post office 二、听录音，给下列图片标上正确的序号（5% ） 三、听录音，从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案（5% ） ( ) 1. A. It’s sunny. B. Fine, thank you. C. I like winter. ( ) 2. A. It’s windy. B. Winter. C. Yes, it is. ( ) 3. A. You’re welcome. B. Two stops. C. Take bus No. 5. ( ) 4. A. Thank you. B. On Zhongshan Road. C. Oh, I see. ( ) 5. A. Yes, it is. B. No, it isn’t. C. Yes, it does.
五年级英语试卷2010-1-10 听力部分（30分） 一、听录音，选出你所听到的单词。(听两遍) (10分) ( ) 1. A. bedroom B. sitting-room C. dining-room ( ) 2. A. puppet B. puzzle C. pumpkin ( ) 3. A. how B. horse C. house ( ) 4. A. big B. pig C. park ( ) 5. A. skiing B. swimming C. skating ( ) 6. A. father B. family C. fat ( ) 7. A. listen B. lesson C. learn ( ) 8. A. Sunday B. Saturday C. start ( ) 9. A. make a model plane B. make model planes C. make a kite ( )10. A. He can play the piano. B. She can play the guitar. C. He can play the violin. 二、听录音，给下列图片排序。(听两遍) (5分) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 三、听录音，找出句中所缺部分。（听两遍）10分 ( ) 1. Ling Bo is A. near the slide B. playing on the slide C. on the slide ( ) 2. This bus is for the A. supermarket B. theatre C. airport ( ) 3. It’s A. Halloween B. Children’s Day C. Teacher’s Day ( ) 4. How much are the trousers? A. Fifty B. Fifteen C. Fifty-five ( ) . A. eye, nose B. eyes, nose C. mouth, nose ( ) 6. Let’s A. sing B. listen C. learn ( ) 7. We want to buy A. a mask and a pumpkin B. some masks C. a pumpkin ( ) 8. There’reA. two bathrooms B. two sitting-rooms C. two bedrooms ( ) 9. The computer room is on the A. ground B. second C. first ( ) but the boy can’t. A. make clothes B. make a cake C. make a flower 四、听录音,完成句子,每空一词.(听三遍)(5分) This is a photo of my____________. In this photo, I’m ___________my homework. My father is reading a_______________. My grandfather is listening to the radio. My grandmother is__________TV . My mother is playing chess ________her friends. My sisters are
小学英语五下期末测试卷 一、选出不同类的单词 1.选出不同类的单词（） A.cold https://www.doczj.com/doc/b09523096.html,k C.sour 2.找出不同类的选项（） A.second B.first C.three 3.找出不同类的单词（） A.library B.dress C.coat 4.选出不同类的单词（） A.shorts B.shoes C.hamburger 5.找出不同类的单词（） A.Art B.music C.map 二、英汉互译 6.英译汉 （1）I hope so. ________ （2）a bee in the tree________ （3）a popular holiday________ （4）blow out the candles________ （5）Let's wait and see________ 三、选择正确答案 7.He's ______ an e-mail . A.writing B.write C.written 8.—What is she doing? —She is ________. A.cooks B.cook C.cooking 9.Shanghai is a great city in the of China． A.south B.east C.west 10.Nice to see________again.
A.your B.you C.my 11.Can I help you? A.Yes, please. B.Go away. 12.Please take _______ your jacket. A.of B.off C.on 13.______ fur is white. （） A.It B.Its C.It's 14.— ___toy cars are those? — They are ____. （） A.Who, yours B.Whose, yours C.How many, mine 15.I'll put my scarf.（） A.on B.in C.at 16.I see ________ inside the envelope. A.anything B.something C.some thing D.any thing 四、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 17.—________ ________ ________ ________ ________? —________, please. 18. She is ________. 19.________ 20.按要求写单词 （1）sing(现在分词）________ （2）dance(现在分词）________
六年级英语(上)期末试卷 听力部分（30分） 一、听录音, 选出你所听到的单词或短语。（听两遍，共10题，每小题1分，计10分） （ ）1. A. litter （ ）2. A. smell （ ）3. A. sky （ ）4. A. sing （ ）5. A. ground （ ）6. A. project （ ）7. A. told （ ）8. A. too much （ ）9. A. threw （ ）10. A. cut down B. little B. still B. skin B. sign B. around B. protect B. hold B. so much B. throw B. put down C. letter C. spell C. slip C. song C. playground C. plastic C. cold C. too many C. through C. sit down 二、听录音， 给下列图片标上正确的序号。（听两遍，共5题，每小 题1分，计5分） （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ） 三、根据所听到的句子，选择合适的答句。（听三遍，共5题，每小题1分，计5分） ( ) 1. A. He read newspapers. B. She had a fashion show C. It was great fun. ( ) 2. A. Yes, I do. B. No, I didn’t. C. No, I can’t. ( ) 3. A. It’s Monday. B. It’s the second of February. C. It’s rainy.
牛津英语5A期末试卷 出卷人：黄雅芬 姓名：班级：学号： 一,听录音,选出你所听到的单词.(6分) ( ) 1. A. have B. jacket C.tape ( ) 2. A. ski B. start C. skate ( ) 3. A. walk B. wall C. work ( ) 4. A. large B. laugh C. lantern ( ) 5. A. floor B. follow C. flower ( ) 6. A. rectangle B. triangle C. diamond 二,听录音,选出正确答语.(6分) ( ) 1. A. Thank you. B. Its not nice. C. That’s OK. ( ) 2. A. I have some candles. B. We need some candles. C. They need some candles. ( ) 3. A. There are some magazines. B. Yes, they’re magazines. C. They’re on the desk. ( ) 4. A. They’re five squares. B. There are five squares. C. I can see some squares. ( ) 5. A. Yes, I do. B. I like ducks. C. We have ducks. ( ) 6. A. We like playing with marbles. B. We are playing with marbles. C. We can play with marbles. 三,听录音,在空格内填入你所听到的单词.(8分) 1. They _____________ _____________ a Music lesson. 2. Our new _____________ is _____________ the garden. 3.____________ are some ______________ in the vase. 4. What _____________ is the ______________ 笔试部分(80分) 一,判断划线部分的读音是否相同,相同的写S,不同的写 D .(10分) ( ) 1, after class ( ) 2, dance cat ( ) 3, skate face ( ) 4, father fat ( ) 5, basketball plane ( ) 6, can and ( ) 7, beside nine ( ) 8, milk behind ( ) 9, clock song ( ) 10,some hot 二,请你选择正确答案.(15分) ( ) 1. She is ________ a picture in the study. A. writing B. drawing C. looking ( ) 2. This is ________ bear. That is ________ elephant. 第1页共5页
三年级英语上册Unit8HappyNewYear同步练习（A卷）（新版） 牛津版 同步练习 一、写出下列字母的左邻右舍。 1. G g 2. I I 3. M m 4. J j 5. Y y 二、它们属于哪一类词？请在单词前加上a或an正确书写在四线格上。 cake skirt robot ice cream ball T-shirt egg jacket toy car hot dog doll sweet 1.食品类_______________________________________________________ 2.服装类_______________________________________________________ 3.玩具类_______________________________________________________ 三、根据所给情景选择合适的表达。 ( )1.新年到了，你可以对朋友说： A. Happy New Year! B. Thank you. C. This is for you. ( )2.你想知道离你近的东西是什么时，你可以问： A. What’s this? B. What’s that? C. This is a car. ( )3.你想知道离你远得东西是什么时，你可以问：
A. What’s this? B. What’s that? C. That’s a robot. ( )4.送蛋糕给弟弟，你可以对他说： A. This cake is for you. B. No, thank you. C. It’s a cake. ( )5.当别人送东西给你时，你应该说： A. This is for you. B. Thank you. C. No, thank you. ( )6.这个东西是给刘涛的，你应该说： A. This is Liu Tao. B. Thank you, Liu Tao. C. It’s for Liu Tao. 四、读一读，选择合适的选项完成对话。 ( ) 1. -- Hello, Sam. -- ____________ A. Hi, Miss Li. B. Hi, I’m Miss Li. C. Goodbye, Miss Li. ( ) 2. -- Happy birthday! -- ____________ A. Happy birthday! B. Happy New Year! C. Thank you. ( ) 3. --Would you like robot? -- ____________ A. Yes, I am. B. No. It’s a CD. C. No, thank you. ( ) 4. -- ____________ -- It’s a brown ball. A. What colour is it? B. What’s that? C. Are you a robot? ( ) 5. -- ____________ -- No, thank you. A. What’s this? B. It’s a nice doll for you. C. Would you like a doll? 五、根据表格，判断句子正误, 用“√”或“×”表示。 Name Tim √ Mike √√ Helen √ John √√ ( ) 1. Tim would like a robot. ( ) 2. Mike would like a ball and a CD. ( ) 3. Helen would like an ice cream and a robot.
译林英语3上Unit 8 Happy New Year! Storytime案例分析 徐州市贾汪区实验小学朱文红 一、教学内容 译林英语3A上Unit 8《Happy New Year!》Storytime部分（第一课时）。 二、教材分析：本单元是三年级上册第8单元。对话内容讲庆祝元旦Happy New Year! 收到礼物的。让学生在比较真实的情景中学会使用Happy New Year! What’s this/that? This is for…等句型。同时学习礼物car robot doll ball等单词进行综合操练，使学生能够在日常生活中自然流利地运用所学语言。 三、学习目标预设 1. 认知目标： a.能听懂、会说、会拼读单词a doll, a ball, a robot. b.能听懂、会说，会读句型What’s this/that? This is for…及其应答。 c.能听懂、会说、会读日常交际用语Happy New Year!及其回答。 d.能流利地朗读课文，并能掌握课文内容进行分角色对话表演。 2. 能力目标： a.能听懂节日问候的日常用语并作出相应的回答。 b.能用思维导图复述故事，表演对话。 c. 情意目标：培养学生懂礼貌、乐于分享的良好品质。 四、学习过程 Step 1 Warming-up 1. 课前一分钟：四人小组表演Unit 7 Would you like a …?storytime部分已学内容，表演完后请学生评价：OK./Good./Excellent. 2. T: Let’s start lesson with a guessing game. Please read the words on the screen and guess what holidays they are about. 屏显图片bell, Christmas tree, father Christmas—Christmas boys and girls, dog, chocolate—Children’s Day red packet, card, red coat—New Year’s Day 3. T: Yes. Today we’ll talk about New Year’s Day. First let’s enjoy a song: Happy New Year! T: Boys and girls, Happy New Year! (出示日历) （课件显示大日历，设置真实新年情境） 设计意图：为了拓展其他节日也为了最后环节的各个节日送礼物的交际运用练习。 与单个学生交流，互相祝福Happy New Year!并击掌以示欢庆，并适时表扬Excellent! T: Boys and girls, today we’ll learn Unit 8 Hap py New Year! Who can read? Ss: Unit 8 Happy New Year! Step 2 Presentation and practice 1. T: Oh, on New Years day ,I have many gifts here. （给学生送礼物toy car, toy tiger） This is for you,S1. This is for you,S2.