GLOSSARY OF
GEOTECHNICAL TERMS
ENGLISH TO CHINESE
岩土专业英汉词汇岩土专业英汉词汇岩土专业英汉词汇岩土专业英汉词汇
GEO REPORT No. 148
Association of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Specialists
(Hong Kong) Ltd, Department of Civil and Structural Engineering
of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,
Geotechnical Division of The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers,
and Geotechnical Engineering Office
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING OFFICE
CIVIL ENGINEERING AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
THE GOVERNMENT OF THE HONG KONG
SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION
GLOSSARY OF
GEOTECHNICAL TERMS
ENGLISH TO CHINESE
岩土专业英汉词汇岩土专业英汉词汇岩土专业英汉词汇岩土专业英汉词汇
GEO REPORT No. 148
Association of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Specialists
(Hong Kong) Ltd, Department of Civil and Structural Engineering
of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,
Geotechnical Division of The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers,
and Geotechnical Engineering Office
- 2 -
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
First published, July 2004
Prepared by:
Geotechnical Engineering Office,
Civil Engineering and Development Department,
Civil Engineering and Development Building,
101 Princess Margaret Road,
Homantin, Kowloon,
Hong Kong.
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PREFACE
In keeping with our policy of releasing information
which may be of general interest to the geotechnical
profession and the public, we make available selected internal
reports in a series of publications termed the GEO Report
series. The GEO Reports can be downloaded from the
website of the Civil Engineering and Development Department
(https://www.doczj.com/doc/bb9365192.html,.hk) on the Internet. Printed copies are
also available for some GEO Reports. For printed copies, a
charge is made to cover the cost of printing.
The Geotechnical Engineering Office also produces
documents specifically for publication. These include
guidance documents and results of comprehensive reviews.
These publications and the printed GEO Reports may be
obtained from the Government's Information Services
Department. Information on how to purchase these documents
is given on the last page of this report.
R.K.S. Chan
Head, Geotechnical Engineering Office
July 2004
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FOREWORD
Use of Chinese in oral and written communication on geotechnical and related subjects
is getting common in Hong Kong. This Glossary contains a comprehensive collection of the
Chinese translations of about 6,500 terms frequently met by geotechnical professionals in
Hong Kong in their work. In some cases, a geotechnical term may be translated into
Chinese in more than one way due to different local usage, language style, or personal
preference. The different translations are listed in the Glossary for reference by readers.
The Glossary was jointly produced by the Association of Geotechnical and
Geoenvironmen
tal Specialists (Hong Kong) Ltd., the Department of Civil and Structural
Engineering of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, the Geotechnical Division of the
Hong Kong Institution of Engineers, and the Geotechnical Engineering Office of the Civil
Engineering and Development Department. A Steering Group, comprising Dr C.K. Lau,
Dr Victor K.S. Li, Dr David X.C. Li, Mr H.N. Wong and Professor J.H. Yin, oversaw the
compilation of the Glossary. Professor John Wang prepared a glossary for terms used in
Geotechnical Manual for Slopes; these terms have also been incorporated in this Glossary.
Mr Philip W.K. Chung and Mr Jerry L. P. Ho assisted in the final phase of compilation of the
Glossary. Many other geotechnical professionals in Hong Kong and elsewhere have
provided invaluable advice, suggestions and assistance.
We hope that the Glossary will facilitate the use of Chinese in the geotechnical
profession and help standardize the Chinese translation of the commonly used geotechnical
terms in Hong Kong. Comments and suggestions for improvement to this Glossary are most
welcome. These should be addressed to Chief Geotechnical Engineer/Planning Division of
Geotechnical Engineering Office, 11/F, Civil Engineering and Development Building, 101
Princess Margaret Road, Homantin, Kowloon. A proforma to facilitate provision of
feedback is given at the end of this report.
Y.C. Chan
Deputy Head, Geotechnical Engineering Office
(Planning and Standards)
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EXPLANATORY NOTES
1. The Glossary provides the Chinese equivalent of about 6,500 geotechnical terms in
English which are listed bilingually in alphabetical order.
2. For an English term which can be translated into two or more Chinese terms with
similar meanings, the Chinese translations are separated by a coma, e.g.
bulking 体胀,胀大
3. For an English term which can be translated into two or more Chinese terms of
different meanings, the Chinese translations are separated by semicolons, e.g.
fill 填方,填土;填料;填塞
4. For an English term which can be translated into a Chinese term with different Chinese
characters, the alternative Chinese characters are placed in square brackets, e.g.
oscillograph 示波仪[器]
5. For a term where there are optional words that elaborate on the term, the optional
words are placed in brackets, e.g.
meteoric water 大气(降)水
6. Words that define the context in which a term is used are placed in parentheses before
the Chinese translation, e.g.
pinhole test (分散性土) 针孔试验
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使 用 说 明
1. 本「岩土专业英汉词汇」总共收纳了六千五百多条岩土专业术语和词汇,这些术
语和词汇按英文字母顺序编排.
2. 若英文词语有两个或以上含意相近的中文翻译,这些中文翻译之间用逗号隔开.
例如:
bulking 体胀,胀大
3. 若英文词语有两个或以上的中文翻译,不同含意的中文翻译之间用分
号隔开.
例如:
fill 填方,填土;填料;填塞
4. 若英文词语可译成不同的中文字,可替代的字放入方括号内.例如:
oscillograph 示波仪[器]
5. 若词语於上文下理提示不足时,可能显得过於省略不易明白,可加入括号内之文
字.例如:
meteoric water 大气(降)水
6. 在一些不常用的词语前,应用该词语的范围和领域标明在中文翻译前边的圆括号
内.例如:
pinhole test (分散性土) 针孔试验
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A
abrasion action 磨蚀作用
abrasives 研磨料;研磨物
absolute age 绝对年龄
absorbed layer 吸附层
absorbed water 吸(附)水
absorption limit 吸附界限
absorption loss 吸附损失
abutment 桥台;坝肩;墩栓;支座
abutment wall 桥台翼墙
abysmal deposit 深海沉积
Accelerated Landslip Preventive Measures Project
加速防止山泥倾泻计划
acceptable wave condition 容许波浪条件
acceptance of tender 采纳投标书
accident investigation 意外调查,事故调查
accident loading condition 意外荷载条件
accident report 意外事件[故]报告
accident statistics 意外[事故]统计(数字)
accredited private laboratory 认可私营实验所
accumulated deformation 累积变形
accuracy 准确度;精度
acidic corrosion 酸性侵[腐]蚀
acidic igneous rock 酸性火成岩
acidity and alkalinity test 酸碱度试验
acidity test 酸度试验
acid-pickling 酸洗;酸浸
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, ADCP 声波多普
勒水流测剖机[仪]
acoustic emission monitoring 声辐射监测
acoustic exploration 声波勘探
acoustic frequency geo-electric field method 声频大
地电场法
acoustic piezometer 声辐射测压计
acoustic prospecting 声波勘探
acquisition (土地) 收购;徵用
acrylamide grouting 丙凝灌浆
active clay 活性黏土
active earth pressure, pa 主动土压力
active fault 活断层;活动断裂
active intensity forecasting 活动烈度预测
active isolation 积极隔振[离]
active mitigation strategies 主动缓解策略
active period 活动期,活跃期
active pile 主动桩
active stabilizer 活性加固剂
active state 主动状态
active state of plastic equilibrium 主动塑性平衡状
态
active water (有侵蚀性)活性水
active zone 活动层,膨胀土层
activity 活性
activity index, A 活性指数
additional stress 附加应力
additive constant 加常数
adhesion 黏著力;黏著作用;内聚力
adhesive 胶黏剂,黏结剂
adjusted value 平差值,调整值
adjustment 调整;调节;调校;(测量) 平差
adjustment item 调整项目
administrative procedure 行政程序
Admiralty Chart 海军图表,航海图
admissible load 容许荷载
admixture 搀和剂,混合物,搀合物
advance works 前期工程
adverse geological condition 不良地质情况[条件]
Advisory Council on the Environment 环境谘询委
员会
Advisory Letter (on
slope maintenance) (斜坡维修)
劝喻信
aeolian soil 风积土
aeration zone 通气带
aeration zone water 通气带水
aerated water 饱气水
aerial camera/air camera 航空摄影机;空中摄影机
aerial mapping 航空填图航空测绘
aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量学,空中摄影
测量学
aerial photograph interpretation, API 航空照片判释
[解译]
aerial photograph (vertical or oblique) (垂直或倾斜)
航空照片,航摄照片
aerial photographic survey 航空摄影测量
aerial survey/air survey 航空测量,空中测量
aerobe 需氧菌,喜氧菌;需氧生物
age-dating (of rock) (岩石) 测年,测定年代
ageing 老化
agglomerate 集块岩
aggregate (土壤) 团粒;(混凝土) 骨料
aggregate abrasion value 石料耐磨值
aggregate impact value 石料冲击强度值
agitator 搅拌器
A-horizon A层;淋溶层
AIEG (Association of International Engineering
Geology) 国际工程地质学会
air compressor 空气压缩机
air content, ac 含气率
air jet 喷射气流;喷嘴
air permeability 透气性[率]
air permeability test 透气性[率]试验
air space ratio, Ga 排水气隙比
air test 气密试验
air void ratio, Gv 气隙比
air voids (of a soil) (土的)气隙,(土的)空气孔隙
air-curtain method 气幕法
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air-dried soil 风乾土
air-lift equipment 压缩空气扬水泵
air-lock 气闸
Airport Core Programme, ACP 机场核心计划
air-water 气水面
alert criteria 警戒准则
alert level 预警水平
alignment (pipe alignment) (管线)定线;线向;路线
alignment survey 定线测量
A-line (塑性图) A线
all round pressure 周围压[应]力
allocation condition 批地条款;分配条件;分配规
定
allocation plan 批地图
allowable amplitude 容许振幅
allowable bearing capacity 容许承载能力
allowable bearing pressure 容许承载力
allowable bearing value 容许承载值
allowable deformation 容许变形
allowable error 容许误差
allowable load 容许荷载
allowable movement 容许位移
allowable pile bearing load 单桩容许荷载
allowable settlement 容许沉降量
allowable soil pressure 容许土压力
allowable vibration acceleration 容许振动加速度
allowance for corrosion loss 预留锈蚀量
alluvial (clay, silt, sand) 冲积(黏土,粉土,砂)
alluvial plain 冲积平原
alluvial soil 冲积土
alluvial terrace 冲积阶地
alluvium 冲积物;冲积层
all-weather 全天候
alternating load 交变荷载
alternating strain 交变应变
alternating stress 交变应力
alternation 更改;改建;后补;替代
alternative design 替代设计
altimeter 测高仪
altitude 高程,海拔
aluminum octahedron 铝八面体
ambient pressure 环境压[应]力
ambient temperature 环境[介质]温度
amendment 修正;改正
Amenity (城市规划) 环境美化带[区]
amenity area 美化市容地带;市容
地带
American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Standard 美
国公路及交通正式标准协会
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
Standards 美国试验及材料学会标准
amplification factor 放大因数
amplitude magnification factor 振幅放大因数
amplitude of vibration 振幅
amplitude ratio 振幅比
anaerobe 厌氧菌;厌氧生物
anaerobic sulphate-reducing bacteria 厌氧抗硫酸盐
细菌
anchor (in slope works) (边坡工程) 锚杆,锚;锚杆
支撑
anchor block 锚块
anchor bolt 锚栓,螺栓
anchor cable 锚索
anchor pile 锚桩
anchor plate 锚板
anchor rod 锚杆
anchor wall 锚定[固]墙
anchorage 锚定[固]作用;地锚
anchorage area 锚地;碇泊区
anchorage force 锚固力
anchorage shear test 锚固剪切试验
anchored bulkhead 锚定[固]岸壁;锚定[固]挡壁
anchored sheet piling 锚定[固]板桩墙
anchoring 锚固
ancillary works 附属工程
andesite 安山岩
andesite tuff 安山凝灰岩
anemometer 风速仪;风速表
ANFO blasting agent 硝酸铵油渣混合炸药
angle of contact (弯液面) 接触角
angle of dilatancy 剪胀角,扩容角
angle of external friction 外摩擦角
angle of inclination 倾角
angle of internal friction, 内摩擦角
angle of obliquity 倾斜角
angle of reach 触及坡角
angle of repose 休止角
angle of rupture 破裂角
angle of shearing resistance 抗剪角,剪切角
angle of shearing strength 剪切强度角
angle of skin friction 表面摩擦角
angle of slope 斜坡坡角,斜坡角度
angle of true internal friction 真内摩擦角
angle of wall friction, δ 墙摩擦角
angular 棱角状的
angularity chart 棱角度对比图
angularity factor 棱角度因数
anidrite 硬石膏
anion adsorption 阴离子吸附
anion exchange 阴离子交换
anisotropic consolidation 各向不等压固结;各向异
性固结
anisotropic hardening 各向异性硬化
anisotropic medium 各向异性介质
anisotropic soil 各向异性土
- 9 -
anisotropy 各向异性
anthropogenic 受人类影的
anticline 背斜
anti-flocculation 反絮凝作用
anti-slide pile 抗滑桩
anvil 砧
A-parameter 孔隙压力系数A
aperture size 缝隙尺寸
aplite 细晶岩
apparent angle of internal friction 表观内摩擦角
apparent cohesion 表观黏聚力,似黏聚力
apparent preconsolidation pressure 表观先期固结压
力
apparent shearing strength 表观抗剪强度
apparent velocity 表观流速
approach channel 进出港航道;进出口航道
approach road 引路
approach velocity 行近流速
approved concrete mix 认可混凝土混合料
approved contractor 认可承建商
approved plan 批准的计划;认可的设计:认可图
则
approved project estimate 核准工程预算
approved suppliers of materials 认可物料供应商
apron 护坦,挡板
aquiclude 阻
水层
aquifer 含水层
aquitard 弱透水层
arch action (in soil) (土中)成拱作用
Archaeozoic 太古代
Archean (年代) 太古代的;(地层) 太古界的
arching 拱作用
Area Committee 分区委员会
area load 面荷载
area ratio (取样器) 面积比
argillaceous rock 泥质岩;黏土(质)岩
arid region 乾旱区
arithmetical check 运算核对
armour (防波堤) 护面;护面块体
armour layer 护面层
armour rock 护面块石
artesian aquifer 承压含水层
artesian basin 自流盆地
artesian ground water 承压地下水
artesian water 承压水;自流水
artesian well 自流井
articles of agreement 合约细则,协议条款,合约条
款
artificial ground 人工地基
as-constructed drawing 竣工图
as-constructed plan 竣工图则
aseismatic design 抗震设计
aseismic region 无震区
asphalt 沥青,柏油
asphalt mix design 沥青混凝土配方
asphalt paver 沥青摊铺机
aspirator 流水抽气器
assembly 装置
Assessment Panel 评估小组
Association of Consulting Engineers of Hong Kong,
ACEHK 香港顾问工程师协会
Association of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental
Specialists (Hong Kong) Ltd. 香港岩土及岩土环
境工程专业协会
Association of Government Land and Engineering
Surveying Officers, AGLESO 政府土地工程测量
主任协会
Association of Government Local Land Surveyors,
AGLLS 政府本地土地测量师协会
Association of Government Technical and Survey
Officers, AGTSO 政府工程技术及测量主任协会
associative flow rule 相关流动法则
astronomical tide 天文潮
atmospheric water 大气水
attenuation 衰减
Atterberg Limits 阿太堡界限
attitude (地质) 产状,构造面位置
auger 螺旋钻
auger bit 螺旋钻头
auger boring 螺旋钻探
auger drill 螺旋钻
auger pile 螺旋桩
Authorized Person, AP 认可人士;获授权人士
authority 当局;权力;主管机构
authority concerned 有关当局;有关主管机构
authority for approval 授权当局;批核当局
authorization 批核
Authorized Land Surveyor 认可土地测量师
authorized marine borrow area 认可挖砂区,已批准
的挖砂区
autograph 自动缯图仪
autographic record 自动记录
automatic raingauge 自动雨量计
automatic ram pile driver 自动冲锤打桩机
auto-telemetering 自动遥测
availability of land 可用土地
avalanche 山崩;雪崩
average maximum wave height 平均最大波高
average stress 平均应力
axial 轴向
axial bearing capacity 轴向承载[压]力
axial compression 轴向压缩
axial extension test 轴向拉伸试验
axial load 轴向荷载;轴压
axial pressure 轴向压力
- 10 -
axial strain 轴向应变
axial stress 轴向应力
axial symmetry 轴对称
azimuth 极方位;极方位角
- 11 -
B
back analysis 反演分析
back drain 墙背排水设施
back osmotic pressure 反渗
压力
back pressure 反压(力),倒压
back-calculation 反算法,反推法
backfill 回填土,回泥;回填
backfilling 回填
background noise level 背景音量
backing concrete 堤背混凝土
back-up area 后勤区;后勤用地
backward erosion 向源侵蚀,逆向侵蚀
backwater effect 回水作用
bad land 劣地
bagged concrete 袋装混凝土
bailer 抽泥筒
balance cone (稠度试验) 平衡锥
balance in water quantity 水量平衡
ballast 道碴;压载
balloon densimeter 囊式密度计
balloon volumeter 囊式体积仪
band drain 排水板,排水肩带
banded clay 带状黏土
band-shaped prefabricated drain 带状预制排水板
bank (of channel) 堤岸;河畔;(航道)边坡
banquette 填土;扩坡道
barge 卸泥船;趸船;驳船;平底船
barging point 趸船转运站
barium sulphate test 硫酸钡试验
barrel 钻探取样器,(惯称) 巴鲁;桶
barrette 方形桩,矩形桩
barrier effect (桩工) 遮帘作用
Barron's consolidation theory 巴隆固结理论
basal conglomerate 底砾岩
basalt 玄武岩
basalt dyke 玄武岩岩墙
base course (路工) 基层
base exchange capacity 盐基交换容量
base exchange 盐基交换
base heave failure 基底隆起破坏
base level 基准面
base shearing resistance 基底抗剪强度
base tilt factor (地基承载力) 基底倾斜因数
baseline 基数;基线
basement wall 地下室墙
basic igneous rock 基性火成岩
basic intensity 基本烈度
basin 水槽;港池;盆地;峡
basin-range landform 盆峡岭地貌
batching and mixing plant(concrete) (混凝土)配料及
搅拌设备
batching plant 混凝土配料机
batholith 岩基
bathyal deposit 次深海沉积
bathymetric survey 海深测量
bathymetry 海深,海底深度
batter leader pile driver 斜导架打桩机
batter pile 斜桩
batter 倾斜
Baumehydrometer 波美比重计
beach sand 海滩砂
beacon 航标;浮标;灯塔;讯标;立标
beam under foundation 地基梁
bearing 方位;方向角;支承(座架)
bearing capacity 承载力
bearing capacity factor (地基) 承载力因数,承载力
系数
bearing course 承压垫层
bearing graph (桩工) 反应曲线
bearing layer 持力层
bearing pile 承重桩,支承桩
bearing plate 载荷板
bearing stratum 持力层,支承层
bearing test 载荷试验
bedded rock slope 层状岩石斜坡
bedding 层理
bedding error (试验) 端垫误差
bedding layer 垫层
bedding plane 层理面
bedrock 基岩
belled pile 扩底桩
belling bucket 扩底挖斗
benched foundation 台阶式基础
benchmark 水准点
bending moment 弯矩
bending schedule 弯钢筋表
bending strength 抗弯强度
benefit analysis 效益分析
benthic seabed grab survey 海底抓斗勘测
benthic 海底的
bentonite 膨润土,膨土岩
bentonite liner 膨润土衬垫
bentonite slurry 膨润土泥浆
berm (on a slope) (斜坡)坡级,
坡台
berm 护道;斜水,(俗称) 坡级
bermstone 护脚石
berth configuration coefficient 靠泊形状系数
berth 码头;泊位
berthing 停泊
berthing and landing facilities 靠泊及登陆设施
berthing condition 靠泊条件;靠泊,靠码头,停泊
berthing energy 靠船(撞击)能量
berthing load 靠泊荷载
- 12 -
berthing reaction 靠泊反力
best-estimate parameter 最佳估计参数
B-horizon B层 (岩土风化) B积层
bias 偏差
bias of risk 风险偏向
biaxial state of stress 双轴应力状态
bilinear model 双线性模型
bills of quantities 工料清单;工料报价单
binder course (路工) 结合层
Bingham model 宾汉模型
biological weathering 生物风化
Biot's consolidation theory 比奥固结理论
biota tissue 生物组织
biotite 黑云母
bird's-eye view 鸟瞰图
Bishop's simplified method of slice 毕肖普简化条
分法
bitumen 沥青
bitumen grouting 沥青灌浆
blanket 铺盖;掩盖
blanket grouting 铺盖灌浆
blast 燃爆;爆破
blast cleaning 喷砂清洁
blasting (e.g. rock blasting) 燃爆,爆破(例:爆石)
blasting by abrasive (e.g. sand blasting) 磨料喷砂
(例:砂磨)
blasting certificate 燃爆证书
blasting compaction method 爆炸挤密法
blasting site 爆石工地;爆破工地
blasting works 爆石工程;爆破工程
bleeder well 减压井
blind catch basin 截留盲井
blind drain 盲沟
blinding 基础垫层;地基垫层,(俗称) 草鞋底
blinding layer 垫层
block diagram 三相图
block sample 样品,块样
blockage 堵塞,淤塞
blockage of drain 排水堵塞,渠道淤塞
blocking leaking 堵漏
blockwork seawall 方块海堤
blockwork wall 方块体墙
blow count 击数
blow-in 涌入;吹入
blown sand 风成砂
blown tip pile 爆扩桩
blows (in SPT) (标准贯入试验) 锤击数
blow-up (路工) 鼓起
bluff 悬崖
boat hoist 吊艇
body force 体积力
body wave 体波
bog 沼泽
bog peat 沼泽泥炭
boiling 砂沸;翻浆
bollard 系船柱
bolt 螺栓
bolting 栓固
bond 契约
bonding 黏结;结合力
bondsman 保证人
bonus payment 奖励付款
book clay 带状黏土
bookhouse fabric 书堆结构
border pile 边桩
bored pile 钻孔灌注桩,钻孔桩
borehole 钻孔
borehole camera 钻孔照相机
borehole direct shear device 钻孔直剪仪
borehole extensometer 钻孔引伸仪
borehole log 钻孔记录;钻孔柱状图
borehole periscope 钻孔潜望镜
borehole spacing 钻孔间距
borehole specimen 钻孔土样
borehole surveying 钻孔勘察
borescope (桩工) 钻孔检查显示器
boring (for ground investigation) (地基勘探) 钻探
boring bit 钻头
boring by percussion 冲击钻进
boring casing 钻探套管
boring frame 钻架
boring log 钻孔记录;钻孔柱状图
boring machine 钻孔机
boring rig 钻探机,钻机
boring rod 钻杆
borrow area 取土区;挖泥区;
采料场
borrow pit 取土坑
Boston blue clay 波士顿蓝黏土
bottom dump 经舱底卸置,舱底式卸置
bottom heave 坑底隆起,底鼓
bottom pressure 底压力
bottom-dump barge 开底运泥船
boulder 漂石,孤石,漂砾,散石,砾石,巨砾
boulder clay 漂石黏土
boulder fall 砾石下坠,孤石崩落,孤石下坠,巨
砾泻落
boulder fence 防石栏
Boulder Field Inventory 富孤石区目录
bouldery colluvium 砾石坡积物
bound water 吸附水,结合水
boundary condition 边界条件
boundary element 边界元
boundary element method 边界元法
boundary mark 界址标记
- 13 -
boundary wall 边界墙
Bourdon gauge 布尔登压力计
Boussinesq solution 布西涅斯克解
Boussinesq theory 布西涅斯克理论
box caisson 沉箱
box culvert 盒形暗渠,箱涵,箱形涵洞
box foundation 箱型基础
box pile 箱型桩
B-parameter 孔隙压力系数B
braced excavation 支撑开挖
braced sheeting 支撑挡板
bracing 支撑;加劲
bracing arrangement (基坑开挖) 支撑装置
Brazilian test 巴西试验,劈裂试验
break damage 干裂破坏
break line 倾斜变换线;折线
breakdown pressure 破碎压力
breaking strain 断裂应变
breaking stress 断裂应力
breaking wave 破碎波
breakwater 防波堤
breast wall 胸墙
breccia 角砾岩
bridge abutment 桥台
briefing session 简报会
briefly frozen soil 暂短冻土
British Standards, BS 英国标准
British Standards Institution, BSI 英国标准协会
brittle failure 脆性破坏
brittle fracture 脆裂
brittleness index 脆性指数
brooming (木)桩碎裂,(木)桩头碎裂
Brownian movement 布朗运动
bucket 链斗;斗;桶斗;铲斗;车斗桶;勺
bucket auger 勺钻
bucket dredger 链斗式挖泥船
bucket ladder dredger 链斗挖掘船
buckling 压曲,弯曲,弯折;侧胀
Building (Administration) Regulations 建筑物(管理)
规例
Building (Construction) Regulations 建筑物(建造)
规例
Building Authority 建筑事务监督
building code 建筑守则,建筑规范
Building Management Committee, BMC 大厦管理
委员会
Buildings Ordinance 建筑物条例
built-in component 嵌入部份
bulb pile 球根桩
bulging (of ground) (土地) 隆起
bulk check 整体检查
bulk compressibility 体积压缩性
bulk density 体密度
bulk explosives 浆状炸药
bulk modulus 体积模量
bulk sample 体样
bulk shrinkage 体缩
bulk unit weight 体积单位重量;体容重
bulk weight 体重量
bulk volume 扩张体积
bulkhead 岸壁,挡墙
bulking factor 体积扩张系数;体积系数
bulking 体胀,胀大
bulldozer 推土机;铲泥车
bund 堤壆;壆;田基
buoy 浮标
buoyancy 扬压力,浮力
buoyant density, ρ' 浸没密度,浮密度
buoyant foundation 浮筏基础
buoyant pile 浮桩;摩擦桩
buoyant unit weight, γ' 浮容重;浮重度
burette 滴定管
Burgers model
伯格模型
buried karst 埋藏型岩溶,潜伏岩溶
buried pile cap 低桩承台
buried structure 埋入式结构物
buried water-carrying services 地下带水管道
bursting 破裂,爆裂
bus bay 巴士停车处;巴士停车场
bus lay-by 巴士站;巴士停车场
butt 桩头;对接
buttress 扶墙,扶壁,支撑墙,支壁
buttressed retaining wall 扶壁式挡土墙
buttressed wall 扶垛墙
by-pass seepage 绕渗
- 14 -
C
cable percussion boring 钢绳冲击钻探
cable tool drill 钢绳冲击钻
cadastral plan 地籍图
cadastral survey 地籍测量
cage of reinforcement 钢筋笼
caisson 沉箱,挖孔桩
caisson foundation 沉箱基础
caisson wall 挖孔桩挡土墙,沉箱挡土墙,沉箱墙
calcareous concretion 钙质结核
calcareous tufa 石灰华
calcite 方解石
calculated self-weight collapse 计算自重湿陷量
calculation model 计算模型
calculous soil 砾质土
calendar day 历日
calibrate/calibration 校准[正];校定
calibration test 标定试验;校准[正]试验
California Bearing Ratio, CBR 加州承载比
calling for tender 招标
calorimetric method 量热法
Cambrian (年代) 寒武纪;(地层) 寒武系
Cambridge Model 剑桥(本构)模型
camkometer 剑桥旁压仪
cantilever footing 悬臂式基础
cantilever pile 悬臂桩
cantilever retaining wall 悬臂式档土墙
cantilever sheet piling 悬臂式板桩墙
cantilevered footpath 悬臂式行人径
cap 护顶;桩帽;桩顶;帽;柱帽
cap model 帽盖模型
high capacity road 高流量的道路
capblock 桩帽
capillarimeter 毛细管仪
capillarity 毛细管作用
capillary action 毛细管作用
capillary fringe 毛细管水上升边缘
capillary head 毛细管水头
capillary height, hc 毛细管水上升高度
capillary migration 毛细管水移动
capillary pressure 毛细管水压力
capillary rise, hc 毛细管水上升高度
capillary tension 毛细管水张力
capillary water (土中)毛细管水
capital cost 基本建设费用
capital works contract 基本工程合约
Capital Works Reserve Fund, CWRF 基本工程储备
基金
capital works 基本建设工程
capped yield model 盖帽屈服模型
capping (工程) 封顶
capping piece 压檐木
capture fisheries 捕捞渔业
carbonaceous mudstone 钙质泥岩
Carboniferous 石炭纪;(地层) 石炭系
cardboard drain 纸板排水;排水纸板
cardhouse fabric 片架组构
cargo working/handling area 货物装卸区
Carlson stress meter 卡尔逊应力计
cartographic 制图的;地图的
Casagrande's soil classification 卡萨格兰德土壤分
类法
case history 工程实录
case study 实例研究
cased borehole 套管钻孔
cased pile 套管桩
casing 套管
cast iron 铸铁,生铁
cast-in fixing bolt 预埋锚栓
casting 浇铸,铸件
casting yard/basin 浇灌场
cast-in-place pile 灌注桩
cast-in-situ 原地铸造;就地浇筑
cast-in-situ pile 灌注桩
cataclasis 碎裂
cataclasite 碎裂岩
cataclastic 碎裂的
Catalogue of Slopes 斜坡目录,斜坡纪录册
catastrophic prediction 灾变预测
catch-drain 截水暗沟
catchment 集水区
catchment area 流域[集水][汇水]面积;集水区;引
集范围
catchpit 集水井;排水井;聚泥坑;集水坑;截流
井
catchwater 引水道
categories of cost 费用类别
cathodic protection 阴极防蚀
cathodic protection system 阴极防蚀系统
cation exchange 阳离子交换
cation exchange capacity 阳离子交换量
causative fault 发震断裂
cavern 洞穴;岩洞
Cavern Project Study, CAPRO「岩洞计划」研究
cavernous marble 含溶洞大理石
cavernous rock 多孔岩石
caving 坍落
cavity (岩溶) 溶洞;空隙;洞穴
cavity expansion theory 空穴膨胀论
cell pressure (三轴试验) 围压;(压力盒) 盒压;(旁
压仪) 腔压
cellular bulkhead 格型岸壁
cellular cofferdam 格型围堰
- 15 -
cellular retaining wall 格状挡土墙
cellular steel sheet pile 格状钢板桩
cellular texture 网格组织
cement 水泥;胶结材料;胶合剂;胶水
cement grouting 水泥灌浆
cement injection 水泥灌注[浆]
cement mortar 水泥砂浆
cementation 胶结作用
cemented soil 胶结土
cementing agent 胶结剂
cement-stabilized soil 水泥加固土
cement-treated-soil grout 水泥土(灌)浆
Central Tender Board 中央投标委员会
centrifugal model test 离心模型试验
centrifuge moisture equivalent, CME 离心含水当量
centrifuge test 离心试验
ceramic filter 陶瓷过滤器
certificate of completion 完工证明书
certified true copy 核实副本;经核证无误的副本;
认证文本
chain bucket dredger 链斗式挖泥船
chain sounding 链式水深测量
chainage 链测长度;链程
chainman 丈量员
chalk 白垩
chalky clay 白垩黏土
chamber 池;室;小房间
channel 渠道;沟渠;排水沟;海峡;航道;水道
channel of flow 水流汇聚;引集水流
channelization ratio 沟豁比
channelized debris flow 沿沟泥石流,沟豁控制的泥
石流
characteristic 特性
characteristic compressive strength 特性抗压强度
characteristic load 特徵荷载
characteristic strength 特性强度
Chart Datum, CD 海图基准面
chartered engineer 特许工程师
charting 海图制图
chaser 送桩器
checking of design record 核对设计记录
checking certificate 审核证书
checklist 核对表;检查单
chemical churning pile 旋喷桩
chemical grouting 化学灌浆
chemical injection process 化学注液法
chemical stabilization 化学加固
chemical weathering 化学风化
chequer plate 棋格板
chimney drain (坝工) 竖向截水体
chloride content 氯化物含量
chopping bit 冲击钻头
C-horizon C层,母质层
chunam 灰泥,(俗称) 朱南
chunam cover 灰泥护面,(俗称) 朱南护面
chunk sample
块状试样
churn drill 旋冲钻
churn drilling 冲击钻进
cinder 炉渣;矿渣;火山渣
circle of stress 应力圆
circular arc analysis 圆弧分析法
circular foundation 圆形基础
circular frequency 圆频率
circular road 环回公路
circular slip surface (土壤力学) 圆弧滑动面
circulation 循环;环流;浚通
classical earth pressure theory 经典土压力理论
classification and index tests 分类及指标数试验
classification test (土壤力学) 分类试验
clastic flow 碎屑流
clastic structure 碎裂屑结构
clay binder 黏土胶结物
clay blanket (水工) 黏土铺盖;(隧道) 黏土护层
clay content 黏土含量
clay fraction 黏土粒粗
clay grouting 黏土灌浆
clay loam 黏质壤土
clay mineral 黏土矿物
clay onion-skin bond 黏粒葱皮黏结
clay partings 黏土夹层
clay platelet 黏土片晶
clay puddle 黏土膏;黏土坑;胶土
clay shale 黏土质页岩
clay stratum 黏土层
clay-cement grouting 黏土水泥灌浆
clayey sand 黏质砂土
clayey silt 黏质粉土,黏质粉砂
claystone 黏土岩
clean-out auger 清孔钻
clearance 清理;清拆
clearance application 清拆申请
clearance programme 清拆计划
cleavage (岩石) 劈理;(矿物) 解理
cliff 悬崖,峭壁
climatic effect 气候效应
climatic environment 气候环境
clinometer 测斜仪,倾角仪
clogging 淤塞
closed conduit 暗管
closed system 封闭系统
closing error 闭合差
closure of road 封闭道路
cloup 漏斗;灰岩坑;落水洞
cluster structure 团粒结构,团状结构
- 16 -
coagulant 凝聚剂
coagulation 凝聚作用
coagulator 促凝剂
coal gangue 煤矿石
coal tar epoxy 煤焦油环氧树脂
coarse aggregate 粗粒料
coarse ash tuff 粗粒凝灰岩
coarse fraction content 粗粒组含份量
coarse grained soil 粗粒土
coarse particle 粗粒,粗颗粒
coarse sand 粗砂
coastal habitat 海岸栖息地
coastline 海岸线
coated pile 涂面桩
coaxiality 共轴性
cobble 卵石,鹅卵石;中砾
code 规范;守则
code of practice 作业规范;工作守则
coefficient of active earth pressure, Ka 主动土压力
系数
coefficient of adhesion 黏附系数
coefficient of attenuation 衰减系数
coefficient of collapsibility 湿陷系数
coefficient of compressibility, av 压缩系数
coefficient of consolidation, cv 固结系数
coefficient of consolidation for radial flow 径向固结
系数
coefficient of correlation 相关系数
coefficient of curvature 曲率系数
coefficient of deformation 变形系数
coefficient of dynamic viscosity 动力黏滞系数
coefficient of earth pressure at rest, Ko 静止土压力
系数
coefficient of elastic non-uniform compression 弹性
非均匀压缩系数
coefficient of elastic shear 弹性剪切系数
coefficient of elastic uniform compression 弹性均匀
压缩系数
coefficient of f
oundation ditch's rebound 基坑回弹
系数
coefficient of friction, 摩擦系数
coefficient of horizontal consolidation, ch 水平固结
系数
coefficient of internal friction 内摩擦系数
coefficient of kinematic viscosity 运动黏滞系数
coefficient of passive earth pressure, Kp 被动土压力
系数
coefficient of permeability, k 渗透系数
coefficient of resilience 回弹系数
coefficient of restitution 恢复系数
coefficient of rigidity 刚度系数
coefficient of secondary consolidation 次固结系数
coefficient of seismic effect 地震影响系数
coefficient of self-weight collapsibility 自重湿陷系
数
coefficient of shrinkage 收缩系数
coefficient of softening 软化系数
coefficient of sorting 分选系数
coefficient of stiffness 刚度系数
coefficient of subgrade reaction, ks 基床反力系数
coefficient of swelling 膨胀系数
coefficient of thaw 融化系数
coefficient of thaw compression 融化压缩系数
coefficient of thaw-subsidence 融沉系数
coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数
coefficient of thermometric conductivity 导温系数
coefficient of thermometric transmission 热渗系数
coefficient of uniformity 均匀系数
coefficient of vertical consolidation, cv 垂向固结系
数
coefficient of viscosity, η 黏滞系数
coefficient of volume change 体积变化系数
coefficient of volume compressibility 体积压缩系数
cofferdam 围堰
cofferdam-bracing 围堰支撑
cohesiometer 黏度计
cohesion, c 黏聚力,内聚力,凝聚力
cohesionless soil 无黏性土
cohesive soil 黏性土
collapse 崩塌,坍陷;湿陷
collapse post 陷落柱
collapse settlement 坍陷沉降;湿陷量
collapsibility 塌陷性;湿陷性
collapsibility grading index 分级湿陷
collapsible loess 湿陷性黄土
collapsible soil 湿陷性土
collar (of a drill hole) (钻孔)顶;护圈;束套;套环
collection station 观测站
collector well 集水井
colloid fraction 胶粒粒组
colloidal particle 胶粒
colluvial fan 坡积扇
colluvial lobe 坡积舌
colluvium 坡积物
colonnade foundation 管柱基础
colonnade foundation process 管柱基础施工法
colour code 颜色代号[码]
column 支柱
column pile 端承桩,柱桩
columnar joint 柱状节理
columnar structure 柱状结构
combined footing 联合基础
combustible/flammable liquid 易燃液体
commercial explosives 商业用爆炸品
- 17 -
commissioned 受委任的;现役的
Commissioner of Mines 矿务处处长
commitment 承担额;交托;许诺;约定
communal drain 公用排水渠
communal service 公用供水系统
compacted depth 压实深度,夯实深度
compacted fill 压实填土,夯实填土
compacted lift 压实分层厚度,夯实分层厚度
compacted refuse 经压实的垃圾
compacted soil 压实土,夯实土
compactibility 可压实性,可夯实性
compacting factor
压实系数,夯实系数
compacting fraction value 致密化分数值,致密化分
式值
compaction 压实,夯实,夯压
compaction by rolling 碾压
compaction by vibrating roller 振动碾压法
compaction characteristic 压实特性
compaction curve 击实曲线,压实曲线,夯实曲线
compaction device 击实仪
compaction mould 击实筒
compaction pile 挤密桩
compaction test 压实试验,击实试验
compactive effort 击实功,压实功
compactness 密夯度
compactor 夯压机
compactor pass (夯压机)压夯遍数,碾压遍数
compass 罗盘仪;罗盘,指南针
compatibility equation 相容方程
compensated foundation 补偿式基础
completely decomposed rock 全风化岩石
completion certificate 竣工证书
complex landslide 复合滑坡
compliance criteria 遵从准则,依从准则
compliance monitoring 特定监察
compliance test 验证试验
composite columnar section 综合柱状图
composite pile 组合桩
composite sliding surface 复合滑动面
composite slope 复式边坡
Comprehensive Development Area, CDA (土地利用)
综合发展地区
Comprehensive Feasibility Study 综合可行性研究
comprehensive geophysical method 综合物探方法
comprehensive prediction 综合预报
compressed-air caisson 气压沉箱
compressed-air hammer 压缩空气锤
compressed-air method (隧道) 气压法
compressed-air tamper 压缩空气夯
compressibility (of soil or rock) (土壤或岩石) 压缩
性
compressibility ratio 压缩比
compressible soil 压缩性土;可压缩土
compression 压缩
compression and recovery test 压缩和复原试验
compression curve 压缩曲线
compression index, Cc 压缩指数
compression test 压缩试验
compression wave, P-wave 压缩波,P波
compression zone 压缩区
compressive deformation 压缩变形
compressive strain, εc 压应变
compressive strength 抗压强度
compressive stress, σc 压应力
compresso-crushed zone 挤压破碎带
computation simulation 模拟计算
concentrated load 集中荷载
concentration 浓渡
concentration factor (应力) 集中因数
conceptual design 方案设计;概念设计
concrete 混凝土
concrete batching plant 混凝土厂
concrete blockwork wall 混凝土块体墙
concrete buttress 混凝土扶壁;混凝土支壁
concrete corer 混凝土钻心式切削机
concrete cutter 混凝土切削机
concrete design 混凝土配合比设计
concrete gravity platform 混凝土重力式钻采平台
concrete groover 混凝土开槽式切削机
concrete mix 混凝土配方
concrete mixer 混凝土搅拌机
concrete paving 混凝土覆盖
concrete paving train 混凝土摊铺车
concrete pile 混凝土桩
concrete pump 混凝土泵
concrete tubular pile 混凝土管桩
condensation water 凝结水
condensed water 凝结水
conditions of contract 合约规则;合约章程
conditions of tender 招标章程
conduit 管道
conduit jacking 顶管法
cone bearing test 圆锥承重试验
cone foundation 锥形基础
cone of depression (地下水位) 下降漏斗
cone of groundwater influence 水位降落漏斗
cone penetration test, CPT 圆锥触探试验,静力触
探试验
cone penetration test with pore pressure measurement
孔压静力触探试验
cone penetrometer 圆锥触探仪;(液限试验) 锥式液
限仪
cone resistance, qc 圆锥触探头阻力
confined aquifer 层间含水层
- 18 -
confined compression test 圈闭压缩试验
confined scar 封闭断崖,封闭滑坡边崖
confined water 层间水
confining pressure, σ3 (三轴试验) 侧压,围压
conformable bedding 整合层面
conglomerate 砾岩
connate water 封存水
connection 驳喉;接驳
consequence of failure 崩塌后果,破坏后果,失稳
后果
consequence 后果,结果,影响
consequence to life category (斜坡)人命后果类别
Conservation Area, CA 保留地区
Considerate Contractor Site Award Scheme 公德地
盘奖励计划
consistency 稠度
consistency index, CI 稠度指数
consistency limits 稠度界限
consistency test 稠度试验
consolidated anisotropically undrained test, CAU-test
各向不等压固结不排水试验
consolidated isotropically undrained test, CIU-test
各向等压固结不排水试验
consolidated undrained triaxial compression test,
CU-test 固结不排水三轴压缩试验
consolidated-drained direct shear test, CD-test 固结
排水直剪试验,慢剪试验
consolidated-drained triaxial compression test,
CD-test 固结排水三轴压缩试验
consolidation 固结;加固
consolidation apparatus 固结仪
consolidation by electro-osmosis 电渗固结
consolidation curve 固结曲线
consolidation deformation 固结变形
consolidation grouting 固结灌浆
consolidation settlement 固结沉降
consolidation test 固结试验
consolidation test under constant loading rate 等速
率加荷固结试验
consolidation test under constant rate of strain 等应
变速率固结试试验
consolidometer 固结仪
constant gradient test 等梯度固结试验
constant head permeability test 常水头渗透试验,恒
定水头渗透试验
constant head permeameter 常水头渗透仪
constant head test 恒定水头试验,常水头试验
constant pressure device 恒压装置
constant rate of penetration test, CRP-test (桩工) 等
速贯入试验
constant rate of uplift test, CRU-test (桩工) 等速上
拔试验
constant volume test 恒体积试验
constant-force-amplitude excitation 恒力幅激振
constitutive equation 本构方程
constitutive law 本构定律
constitutive relation 本构关系
constrained diameter 限制粒径
constrained modulus 侧限模量
construction and demolition[C&D]material 拆建物
料
construction and demolition[C&D]material sorting
facility 拆建物料分类设施
construc
tion and demolition[C&D]waste 拆建废料
construction cost index 建筑费用指数
construction fabrics 建筑用织物
construction fibers 建筑用纤维
construction joint 施工缝
construction load 施工荷载
Construction Noise Permit建筑噪音许可证
construction sequence 施工顺序
Construction Site Safety Handbook 建筑工地安全
实务手册
construction standard 建筑工程标准;建设标准
consultancy agreement 顾问合约
consultancy brief 顾问摘要
consultant 顾问;顾问公司;工程顾问人员
consultant management 顾问管理
consultants' fees 顾问费
Consultant's Remuneration Index, CRI 顾问酬金指
数
consulting engineer 顾问工程师
contact erosion 接触侵蚀
contact pressure 接触压力
contact scouring 接触面冲蚀
contaminated 受污染
contaminated dredged material 受污染的疏浚物料
contaminated mud 受污染海泥
contaminated mud pit 污泥卸置坑
continental shelf 大陆架
contingency action 应急措施
contingency sum 应急费用;拨备金额
continual loading test, CL-test 连续加荷固结试验
continuing professional development 持续专业发展
continuous footing 条形基础,连续基础
continuous medium 连续介质
continuous sampling 连续取样
contour 等高线
contour interval 等高距
contract 合约,合同,契约
contract administration 合约管理
contract adviser 合约顾问
contract document 合约文件
contract management 合约管理
contract number 合约编号
contract payment 合约支付款项
- 19 -
contract period 合约期
contract price fluctuation 合约价浮动
contractile skin 结合膜
contractive soil 收缩性土
contractor 承建商;承包商;判头
contractor's superintendence 承建商监督
contractual arrangement 合约安排
contractual claim 合约索偿
control countermeasure 防治对策
control of geological hazard 地质灾害防治
control station[mark][point] 控制点
control survey 控制测量
controlled blasting (of rock) 控制式(石)爆破,管制
爆(石)破
controlled gradient (固结试验)控制梯度
controlled-stress test 应力控制试验
conversion factor 换算系数
conversion works 改建工程
convex wall 凸形挡土墙
conveyor belt 输送带
conveyor screw 输送螺旋
coordinates 坐标
coping 墙帽
core 岩芯
core barrel 岩芯管,岩芯钻管,岩芯钻筒
core drill 岩芯钻
core drill rig 岩芯钻机
core drilling 岩芯钻探
core of the breakwater 防波堤堤芯
core recovery 岩芯回收率,岩芯采取率
core sample 岩芯
core sampler 岩芯取样器
core wall 心墙,芯墙
corehole 岩芯钻孔,钻孔
corestone 芯石,石核
corner-points method (应力计算) 角点法
correlation analysis 相关分析
corrigendum 补遗;更正
corrosion 腐蚀;侵蚀;锈蚀
corrosion protection 锈蚀防护
corrosive water 侵[腐
]蚀性水
cost estimation 成本预算
cost reimbursable item 可发还费用的项目
Coulomb's earth pressure theory 库仑土压力理论
Coulomb's law 库仑定律
counter drain 堤脚排水沟
counter ion 反离子
counter-bore 扩孔钻
counterfort 后扶垛
counterfort drain 排水扶垛
counterfort retaining wall 扶垛式挡土墙
counterweight fill 压重填土
coupled vibration 耦合振动
covalent bond 共价键
covered conduit 暗沟
covered footbridge 有盖行人天桥
covering layer 覆盖层
crack 裂缝
crack deformation 裂缝变形
cradle 承船架;船台承架;船承台架;托架;吊篮
craftsman 技工
crane 起重机
credible debris flowpath 可能的泥石[岩屑]流通道
[轨迹]
creep 蠕变,徐变;蠕动
creep limit 蠕变极限
creep rate 蠕变速率
creep rupture 蠕变破坏
creep settlement 蠕变沉降
creep strain 蠕变应变
creep strength 蠕变强度
creep test 蠕变试验
creep value 蠕变量
creep-path length (水文) 爬径长度
crest 斜坡顶部;坝顶;山脊
crest level 堤顶高程;顶高程
Cretaceous (年代) 白垩纪;(地层) 白垩系
crevice karst (岩溶) 石林
crevice-water 裂隙水
crib cofferdam 木笼围堰
crib retaining wall 框格式挡土墙
Crisis Communications Centre of GEO 土力工程处
危机通讯中心
criteria 准则;标准;尺度
critical 临界;关键;严重;临危
critical acceleration 临界加速度
critical angle of refraction 临界折射角
critical circle 临界圆
critical damping 临界阻尼
critical density 临界密度
critical depth 临界深度
critical duration 临界历时
critical edge pressure 临塑荷载
critical factor 关键因素
critical failure surface 临界破坏面
critical flow velocity 临界流速
critical frequency 临界频率
critical height of slope 土坡临界高度
critical hydraulic gradient, ic 临界水力梯度
critical load 临界荷载
critical slide curve 临界滑弧
critical slope 临界坡度
critical stable state 临界稳态
critical state 临界状态
- 20 -
critical state energy theory 临界物态能量理论
critical state line 临界状态线
critical state locus 临界状态轨迹
critical state model 临界状态模型
critical state soil mechanics 临界状态土力学
critical state strength 临界状态强度
critical surface 临界面
critical void ratio 临界孔隙比
crooked zone 弯曲带
crop 露头
cross bedding 交错层理
cross border control facilities 过境管制设施
cross mouthed drill 十字形钻
cross section 横切面;横断面;横剖面,剖面
cross sensitivity 正交测斜灵敏度
cross-flow force 水流横向力
crosshole method 跨孔法
cross-sectional area 横切面面积
cross-sectional shape 截面形状
cross-stratification 交错层理
Crown Land Ordinance 官地条例
crown (of landslide) (滑坡) 断崖顶
c
rushed stone 碎石
crushing and screening plants 轧筛机
crushing failure 压碎破坏
crushing strength 压碎强度
crust 地壳;硬表层;壳
crustal stability 地壳稳定性
cryogenic sampler 冻结取样器
cryogenics 低温学
cryology 冰雪冻土学
cryopedology 冰土学
crystal lattice 晶格
crystal structure 晶体结构
crystal water 结晶水
cubic dilatation 体积膨胀
cubical triaxial test apparatus 真三轴试验仪
Culmann construction (土压力) 库尔曼图解法
culvert 涵洞;暗渠;管沟
cumulative impact monitoring 累积影响监察
cumulative rainfall 累积雨量
cumulose soil 腐殖土
cuplock joint scaffold 碗扣式脚手架
curing 养护
curing compound 护养剂
current 水流;潮流;趋势,倾向
current measurement 水流量度
current meter 流速仪
curtain grout 帷幕灌浆
curtain wall 幕墙
curvature 曲率
curve fitting 曲线拟合
cushion 垫层;桩垫
custody 监管
cut 挖方
cut and cover method (隧道) 明挖法
cut-and-fill 挖填
cut-off drain 排水截槽
cut-off level 截止高程
cut-off trench 截水沟
cut-off wall 截水墙;齿墙
cut slope (soil cut slope, rock cut slope) 削坡(削土
坡;削石坡)
cutter suction dredger 拖桨吸式挖泥船;铰吸式挖
泥船
cutting edge 刃脚
cutting jet 切割射流
cutting ring 环刀
cuttings of boring 钻屑
cycle of vibration 振动循环
cyclic change 周期改变
cyclic degradation 周期衰化
cyclic load test 周期载荷试验
cyclic loading 周期荷载
cyclic simple shear test 周期单剪试验
cyclic strain softening 周期应变软化
cyclic stress 周期应力
cyclic triaxial test 周期加荷三轴试验
cyclone pump 旋流泵
cylindrical rubber fender 圆形橡胶护舷
- 21 -
D
daily site record 地盘工作日记,地盘[工地]工作志
dam 坝;水闸;隔墙
damage index 损坏指数
damp 微湿,潮湿
damp proof course 防潮层
damping 阻尼
damping factor 阻尼因数
damping ratio 阻尼比
dampproofing 防潮
Dangerous Goods Licence 危险品执照
Dangerous Goods Ordinance 危险品条例
dangerous goods 危险物品
Dangerous Hillside Order 危险斜坡修葺令
dangerous rockmass 危岩体
dangerous slope 危险斜坡
dangerous terrain 危险地域;危险地势
Darcy's law 达西定律
dashpot 阻尼器,减震器
data acquisition 数据收集
data processing system 数据处理系统
data reduction 数据换算;数据整理
datum station 基准站
daywork rate 日工单价
dead load 恒载
dead load test (on soil) (土让力学) 恒载试验,静荷
载试验
deadman 锚定物
deaired water 脱气水
debris 岩屑;(滑坡) 泥石
debris avalanche 泥石崩移;岩屑崩塌
debris flood 泥石洪流
debris flow 泥石流,岩屑流
debris flow deposit 泥石流坡积物
debris flow fan 泥石流堆积扇
debris run-out 泥石流伸
展距离
debris slide 岩屑滑动,泥石滑移
debris torrent 泥石湍流,碎屑湍流,岩屑急流
decay time 衰减时间
decision theory 决策论
deck 面板;码头面板;露天平台;层面;甲板;(码
头) 面板
declared emergency 已宣布紧急戒备
decompaction 振松
decomposed granite 风化花岗岩
decomposed volcanics (volcanic rock) 风化火山岩
decomposition 分解作用
decompression 卸荷;沉箱减压
decompression curve 卸荷曲线
decreasing axial pressure fracture test 轴向减压断裂
试验
deep compaction 深层夯压
deep consolidation 深层加固
deep densification 深层加密
deep displacement 深部滑移
deep excavation 深开挖
deep foundation 深基础
deep foundation pit 深基坑
deep fracture zone 深部破裂带
deep mixing method 深层搅拌法
deep pumped well 深泵井
deep rotational failure 深圆弧滑动破坏
deep seated landslide 深层滑坡
deep settlement gauge 深层沉降仪
deep sounding test 深层触探试验
deep well method 深井法
deeply weathered 深层风化;深度风化
deep-seated slide 深层滑动
deep-sea sediment 深海沉积物
deep-well pump 深井泵
deflected pile 偏位桩
deflection 挠度;变位
deflection curve 挠度曲线
deflection inclinometer 测斜仪[器]
deflectometer 挠度计
deformation 变形
deflocculating agent 反絮凝剂;分散剂
deflocculation 反絮凝剂作用
deformeter 变形仪
deformation body 变形体
deformation calculation 变形计算
deformation parameters test 变形参数试验
deformation petrofabric 变形岩石组构
deformation resolution (量测仪器) 变形分辨率
defrosting 解冻
degradation 剥蚀;衰化
degradation index 衰化指数
degradation parameter 衰化参数
degree of compaction 压实度
degree of consolidation, U 固结度
degree of freedom 自由度
degree of roundness 圆度
degree of saturation (of a soil), Sr (土)饱和度
degree of sensitivity 灵敏度
degree of shrinkage 收缩度
dehydration test 脱水试验
delegation 委托;代表团
delegation of power 委托权,授权
delta 三角洲
deltaic deposit 三角洲沉积物
Demec gauge 缝隙测量计
dense sand 密实砂
densification 加密
- 22 -
density, ρ 密度
density bottle 比重瓶
density index, ID , Dr 相对密度
density meter 密度计
density of collapse 塌陷密度
density of dry soil, ρd 乾土密度
density of saturated soil, ρsat 饱和土密度
density of soil, ρ 土密度
density of solid particles, ρs 土粒密度
density of submerged soil, ρ' 浸没土密度
density of water, ρw 水密度
density probe 密度探测仪
densometer 密度计,比重计
dentition (on a rock slope) (在石坡上的)补隙
denudation 剥蚀作用
deposition point (泥石流) 最远沉积点
deposit 沉积;沉积物;淤积物
depression cone 水位降落漏斗
depth fac
tor (地基承载力) 埋深因数
depth of foundation 基础埋置深度
depth of frost penetration 冻结深度
depth of penetration 贯入深度
depth of scour 冲刷深度
depth ratio (基础) 埋深比
derived plan 衍引地图
derrick barge 浮式起重机
desertification 沙漠化
desiccation 乾燥作用
desiccator 乾燥器
design 设计
design and construction 设计及施工
design assumption 设计假定
design calculation model 设计计算模型
design calculation 设计计算书
design code 设计规范
design criteria 设计准则
design event 后果设计
design life 设计使用期,设计年限
design load 设计荷载
design mix 设计成份
design stage 设计阶段
design strength 设计强度
Designated Area 指定地区,特别标示地区
desilting material 疏浚物料
desk study 资料研究;室内研究;资料搜集
deswamping 脱沼泽化
detailed design 详细设计
detailed exploration 详细勘探
detailed geotechnical investigation 岩土工程详细勘
察[调查][勘探]
detailed survey 详细测量;详细勘测
detonating fuse 导爆索
detonating relay 导爆索接驳器
detonator 雷管
detrimental settlement 有害沉降;不稳定沉降
detrital sediment 碎屑沉积
detritus 岩屑
devegetation 除草,去芜
development clearance 因发展而进行的清拆
development programme 发展计划
deviator stress 偏应力,轴差应力,应力差
deviatoric state of stress 偏应力状态
Devonian (年代) 泥盆纪;(地层) 泥盆系
dewatering 降低地下水位;排水
D-horizon D层;下伏岩土层
diagenesis 成岩作用
diagonal eyepiece 对角目镜
dial gauge 量表
diaphragm 隔板;薄膜
diaphragm pump 隔膜泵
diaphragm wall 地下连续墙[膜壁][隔墙]
diatomaceous earth 硅藻土
dielectric constant 介电常数
dielectric dispersion 介电分散
diesel pile hammer 柴油打桩锤
differential frost heave 不均匀冻胀
Differential Global Positioning System, DGPS 差位
全球定位系统
differential heave 不均匀隆胀
differential settlement 差异沉降,不均匀沉降
differential thermal analysis 差热分析
differential-acting steam hammer 差动汽锤
difficult ground 问题地区;特殊土地区;施工困难
地区
diffraction 衍射
diffuse double layer 扩散双电层
diffuse flow (岩溶) 扩散流
diffusion layer 扩散层
diffusion potential 扩散电位
digital echo sounder 数码回声测深仪
digital map 数码地图
digital map data 数码地图数据
digital tape 数码磁带
digital terrain model 数码地形模型
digitizer 数码化器
dike 堤;岩脉,岩墙
dilatancy 膨胀性;剪胀性
dilatancy test 手撼试验
dilatation 剪胀;松胀,膨胀,扩大
dilatational wave, P-wave 疏密波,P波
dilate 膨胀
dilation 剪胀;松胀
dilation rate 膨胀率;剪胀率
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dilative soil 剪胀性土;膨胀性