TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2014) -GRADE FOUR-
TIME LIMIT: 135 MIN
PART I DICTATION [15 MIN]
Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.
Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.
PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]
In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
1. What are they mainly talking about in the conversation?
A. Transport.
B. Customers.
C. Relocation.
D. Restaurants.
2. Which of the following is mentioned by Tim as a good reason for moving?
A. More office space.
B. Convenient parking.
C. Fewer office workers.
D. A near-by train station.
3. Why is Jane worried about winter in the new location?
A. It is much colder there.
B. There are few activities.
C. There are no good restaurants.
D. There is no cinema or theatre.
Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
4. Miss Parkinson became interested in her own business _______.
A. before she worked for the media company
B. when she was on holiday five years ago
C. after she went to therapists and classes
D. after her friend recommended it to her
5. Why did she ask her teachers to teach her at home?
A. She was busier than before.
B. It was more convenient.
C. She liked to exercise at home.
D. She was given a promotion.
6. Which of the following is NOT true according to the conversation?
A. She recommended people to take classes.
B. She was willing to pay more for classes at home.
C. She left her job immediately after her promotion.
D. She regarded the business as a pastime at first.
7. Why did she finally leave her job?
A. She got bored with her job.
B. She saw an opportunity.
C. She needed the money.
D. She was forced to leave.
Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.
8. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the single-lens reflex?
A. Different lenses can be used.
B. Focusing is easier.
C. You can see what you are taking.
D. It is cheaper and lighter.
9. According to the shop assistant, the main difference between the two types of cameras lies in _______.
A. lens
B. price
C. weight
D. size
10. It can be inferred from the conversation that the customer is more likely to buy _______ in the end.
A. a single-lens camera
B. nothing
C. a rangefinder camera
D. several lenses instead
SECTION B PASSAGES
In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
11. Which of the following details about the front of the house is CORRECT?
A. The front is pink.
B. The curtain is drawn.
C. No window can be seen.
D. There are two doors.
12. What is to the immediate left side of the house?
A. A washing line.
B. Another house.
C. A flat area.
D. A chimney.
13. Where is the small town in the picture?
A. Between two hills.
B. Further to the left of the house.
C. At the back of the house.
D. At the side of a hill.
Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
14. When did Ben first become interested in Mongolia?
A. When he grew up.
B. When he learned Mongolian.
C. When he returned home.
D. When he was nine years old.
15. Where did he spend most of his teenage years?
A. In Mongolia.
B. In the Arab world.
C. In his hometown.
D. In some other regions.
16. We learn from the passage that Ben _______ while doing his master’s degree.
A. became interested in classical Mongolian
B. learned classical and modern Mongolian
C. gave up modern Mongolian
D. mastered modern Mongolian
17. Which of the following details is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Ben wants to visit Mongolia when the weather is warm.
B. Ben considers the travel expense reasonable.
C. The trip today is expensive considering inflation.
D. Ben was unable to travel to Mongolia in 1971.
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
18. Which is the height of towers at Sky Greens vertical farm?
A. 9 meters.
B. 20 meters.
C. 100 meters.
D. 40 meters.
19. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The farm sells its vegetables to a local supermarket.
B. The farm uses less water and energy to grow vegetables.
C. The farm causes less pollution in its production.
D. The farm sells at the same price as imported produce
20. According to the passage, one particular advantage of the Sky Green is _______.
A. local climate
B. local support
C. plan for expansion
D. closeness to the city
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.
21. According to the passage, Turkish police were unsure about _______.
A. when the woman was killed
B. the main cause of the death
C. the woman’s identity
D. why she failed to return home
22. How many people had been detained by Turkish police?
A. 9.
B. 19.
C.22.
D. 33.
Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
23. What is the situation now in Kidal according to the news?
A. Islamist militants are still in control of the town.
B. French forces have entered the town.
C. French are going to land at the airport.
D. Islamist militants are attacking the airport.
24. Why did the French launch the military operation?
A. To control Kidal airport.
B. To protect the town.
C. To protect the capital Bamako.
D. To fight against Islamist militants.
Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
25. Which of the following is TRUE about the immigration reform?
A. It was proposed by a group of senators.
B. Mr Obama had carried out the reform.
C. Illegal immigrants would soon be given citizenship.
D. The reform failed to improve the current system.
26. According to Obama’s 2011 blueprint, how long would it take for illegal immigrants to gain citizenship?
A. Eight years.
B. Five years.
C. Thirteen years.
D. Eleven years.
Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
27. What is Lorraine Melvill’s business?
A. Running a plastic surgery clinic.
B. Arranging for surgery and safaris.
C. Providing consultancy to local people.
D. Organizing trips to UK and American.
28. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the news item?
A. Local African clients helped keep her business going.
B. Her clients were unable to pay her the money.
C. Her business was affected by the global financial crisis.
D. She still had as many European clients as before.
Questions 29 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.
29. What is the main idea of the news item?
A. Foreign investment in unstable regions.
B. BP’s presence in North Africa.
C. Security concerns in risky countries.
D. Protection for foreign oil workers.
Questions 30 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.
30. What is the main message of the news item?
A. London attracts shoppers from all over the world.
B. Most people in Nigeria live in poverty.
C. Wealthier Nigerians become a big spender.
D. People from the Middle East are the most wealthy.
PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]
2 Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became (31)____ important. Although divisions of labour had been (32)____ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776, (33)____ could now become fully realised. This specialization of labour was in (34)____ contrast to the rural means of production, in (35)____ the family was the means of production, consumption and socialization. (36)____ greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this (37)____ and changed working life forever (38)____ were the days when work was (39)____ by natural forces: steam engines were servant (40)____ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more (41)____. The clocking-on machine was (42)____ in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only (43)____ twenty years later. (44)____ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided (45)____ and predictable income, but long hours.
Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working (46)____ was reorganised to promote ever-greater efficiency. The old (47)____ St. Monday - when no work was done - was (48)____, work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume (49)____ Monday morning. A new division between ―work‖ and ―leisure‖ emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the (50)____ of music hall entertainment for the new working classes.
31. A. increasingly B. surprisingly C. slowly D. obviously
32. A. contributed B. informed C. spread D. conceived
33. A. he B. it C. these D. those
34. A. clear B. marked C. apparent D. firm
35. A. that B. what C. where D. which
36. A. Upon B. Over C. With D. For
37. A. possible B. practical C. worthwhile D. useful
38. A. Passed B. Lost C. Gone D. Missed
39. A. defined B. controlled C. limited D. dictated
40. A. over B. on C. by D. to
41. A. standard B. controlled C. difficult D. dreadful
42. A. designed B. created C. invented D. bought
43. A. some B. certain C. these D. those
44. A. For B. But C. Consequently D. Accordingly
45. A. safe B. good C. continuous D. secure
46. A. week B. period C. pattern D. practice
47. A. culture B. behaviour C. custom D. habit
48. A. repair B. compensate C. mend D. moderate
49. A. before B. until C. on D. after
50. A. raise B. increase C. trend D. present
PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]
There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
51. It is essential that he ________ all the facts first.
A. is examining
B. will examine
C. examines
D. examine
52. Which of the following sentences expresses a future action?
A. Lucy is continually finding fault with her sister.
B. We are meeting the visitors after the performance.
C. The coach is now crossing the Garden Bridge.
D. I’m hoping that you’ll give us some advice.
53. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object complement?
A. The front door remained locked.
B. The boy looked disappointed.
C. Nancy appeared worried.
D. He seemed to have no money left.
54. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?
A. Physics is an important school subject.
B. The Niagara Falls is in North America.
C. The United States borders Canada.
D. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.
55. Which of the following sentences indicates POSSIBILITY?
A. The moon cannot always be at the full.
B. You cannot smoke inside the building.
C. He cannot come today.
D. She cannot play the piano.
56. The boys in the family are old enough for ________.
A. schools
B. school
C. the school
D. the schools
57. Which of the following italicized parts indicates a predicate-object relationship?
A. He was reading Mary’s letter in the room.
B. You can buy men’s shoes in this shop.
C. Mrs. Black’s passport was lost.
D. The enemy’s defeat brought the war to an end.
58. Please pardon ________ you.
A. my disturbing
B. disturbing me
C. to disturb
D. that I disturb
59. Which of the following tag questions is INCORRECT?
A. Carry this parcel for me, will you?
B. Nobody wants to go there, does he?
C. Few people know him, don’t they?
D. Everything is ready, isn’t it?
60. Which of the following reflexive pronouns（反身代词）is used as an object?
A. I spoke to the president himself.
B. Frank is not quite himself today.
C. Linda herself will play the violin.
D. You must pull yourself together.
61. The research team can handle ________ needs to be handled.
A. whenever
B. whichever
C. wherever
D. whatever
62. Which of the following italicized parts modifies an adverb?
A. I rather like my teacher.
B. That was a very funny film.
C. Do it right now.
D. We walked about 6 miles.
63. When the sentence ―They had made a mess of the house‖ is turned into passive voice, which of the following is CORRECT?
A. A mess had been made in the house.
B. A mess had been made by them.
C. The house had been made a mess of.
D. The house had been made a mess.
64. Fool ________ Michael is, he could not have done such a thing.
A. as
B. who
C. that
D. like
65. When the sentence ―Shall I drive you to the airport first?‖ is turned into in direct speech, which of the following is most appropriate?
A. He agreed to drive me to the airport first.
B. He offered to drive me to the airport first.
C. He advised me to go to the airport first.
D. He suggested that I drive to the airport first.
66. The interviewers were impressed by the high calibre of the applicants for the job. The underlined part means ________.
A. criterion
B. quality
C. qualification
D. level
67. Her career has ________ a number of activities —composing, playing and acting.
A. held
B. produced
C. embraced
D. combined
68. The operation could ________ her life by two or three years.
A. prolong
B. increase
C. expand
D. continue
69. All her cousins and their children have fair hair. The underlined part means ___.
A. fine
B. dark
C. thick
D. light
70. John always feels sluggish first thing in the morning. The underlined part means ________.
A. sick
B. inactive
C. dizzy
D. drowsy
71. The family of the victim had to endure a long wait before the case cane to trial. The underlined part means ________.
A. tolerate
B. keep
C. face
D. hold
72. The chief of surgery became committee chairman by virtue of ________.
A. seniority
B. service
C. age
D. rank
73. He turned his back on them when they most needed him. The underlined part means ________.
A. criticized
B. ignored
C. betrayed
D. deceived
74. Our school did not ________ for Christmas until mid-December.
A. break out
B. break down
C. break up
D. break in
75. The flags in the stadium ________ in the wind.
A. flapped
B. moved
C. shook
D. stirred
76. His mother retired early on account of poor health. The underlined part means ________.
A. despite
B. with
C. according to
D. because of
77. The whole country was in ________ over the result of the elections.
A. suspension
B. suspense
C. suspending
D. suspender
78. There is no conceivable reason why there should be any difficulty during the project. The underlined part can be replaced by all the following EXCEPT ________.
A. thinkable
B. imaginable
C. possible
D. observable
79. The employers prepared, with all due ________ for a conference with the Trade Unions.
A. caution
B. concern
C. certainty
D. consideration
80. Our experiment was conducted under optimal conditions. The underlined part means ________.
A. perfect
B. proper
C. possible
D. proposed
PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]
In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
TEXT A
After breakfast the boys wandered out into the play-ground. Here the day-boys were gradually assembling. They were sons of the local clergy, of the officers at the Depot, and of such manufacturers or men of business as the old town possessed. Presently a bell rang, and they all trooped into school. This consisted of a large, long room at opposite ends of which two under masters conducted the second and third forms, and of a smaller one, leading out of it, used by Mr. Watson, who taught the first form. To attach the preparatory to the senior school these three classes were known officially, on speech days and in reports, as upper, middle, and lower second. Philip was put in the last. The master, a red-faced man with a pleasant voice, was called Rice; he had a jolly manner with boys, and the time passed quickly. Philip was surprised when it was quarter to eleven and they were let out for ten minutes' rest.
The whole school rushed noisily into the play-ground. The new boys were told to go into the middle, while the others stationed themselves along opposite walls. They began to play Pig in the Middle. The old boys ran from wall to wall while the new boys tried to catch them: when one was seized and the mystic words said - one, two, three, and a pig for me - he became a prisoner and, turning sides, helped to catch those who were still free. Philip saw a boy running past and tried to catch him, but his limp gave him no chance; and the runners, taking their opportunity, made straight for the ground he covered. Then one of them had the brilliant idea of imitating Philip’s clumsy run. Other boys saw it and began to laugh; then they all copied the first; and they ran round Philip, limping grotesquely, screaming with shrill laughter. They lost their heads with the delight of their new amusement, and choked with helpless merriment. One of them tripped Philip up and he fell, heavily as he always fell, and cut his knee. They laughed all the louder when he got up. A boy pushed him from behind, and he would have fallen again if another had not caught him. The game was forgotten in the entertainment of Philip’s deformity. Philip was completely scared. He could not make out why they were laughing at him. His heart beat so that he could hardly breathe, and he was more frightened than he had ever been in his life. He stood still stupidly while the boys ran round him, mimicking and laughing; they shouted to him to try and catch them; but he
did not move. He did not want them to see him run any more. He was using all his strength to prevent himself from crying.
81. From the beginning of the passage we learn that ________.
A. some pupils came from the local area
B. the school only accepted day-boys
C. the school had only three classes
D. Philip’s class was part of the senior school
82. What was Philip’s reaction to his class?
A. He thought class was too short.
B. He found his class surprising.
C. He seemed to have enjoyed it.
D. He wanted to change class.
83. In the game Philip lost his ground because ________.
A. the game wasn’t fit for new boys like him
B. the playground wasn’t big enough for the game
C. he did not know the rules of the game
D. he could not run as quickly as other boys
84. What did the boys do after Philip lost his ground?
A. They continued with the game.
B. They stopped to make fun of him.
C. They changed to another game.
D. They stopped and went inside.
85. How did Philip feel in the end?
A. He was ashamed of himself.
B. He was very nervous.
C. He was really horrified.
D. He felt himself stupid.
TEXT B
For parents who send their kids off to college saying, ―These will be the best years of your life,‖ it would be very appropriate to add, ―If you can handle the stress of college life.‖
Freshmen are showing up already stressed out, according to the latest research study that reported students’ emotional health levels at their lowest since the survey started in 1985. While in school, more students are working part-time and near-full-time jobs.At graduation, only 29 percent of seniors have jobs lined up.
Pressure to excel often creates stress, and many students are not learning how to effectively handle this stress. Let me show five facts that I believe every college student should know about stress.
First, stress can make smart people do stupid things. Stress causes what brain researchers call ―cortical inhibition.‖ In simple terms, stress inhibits a part of the brain responsible for decision-making and reaction time and can adversely affect other mental abilities as well.
Second, the human body doesn’t discriminate between a big stressful event and a little one. Any stressful experience will create about 1,400 biochemical events in your body. If any amount of stress is left unchecked, many things can occur within the body, including premature aging, impaired cognitive function and energy drain.
Third, stress can become your new pattern. When you regularly experience negative feelings and high amounts of stress, your brain recognizes this as your normal state. This then becomes the new norm, or baseline for your emotional state.
Fourth, stress can be controlled. Countless studies demonstrate that people can restructure their emotional state using emotion-refocusing techniques. These techniques help you recognize how you are feeling and shift to a more positive emotional, mental and physical state.
One technique involves slowing your thoughts and focusing on your heartbeat, breathing slowly and deeply, and focusing on the positive feeling that you receive.
Finally, stress can be lessened by loving what you study. Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans are genetically programmed to seek positive emotions such as love and joy. It's suggested to choose a major or career path you love and enjoy. Otherwise, you could end up fighting against your own biology.
86. The author cites the latest research study in order to show that ________.
A. students are studying harder in college
B. most students have part-time job now
C. stress continues to the time of graduation
D. students only feel stressed while in school
87. According to the passage, stress might cause all the following negative effects EXCEPT ________.
A. social
B. mental
C. emotional
D. physical
88. In the author’s opinion, stress can be controlled by ________.
A. doing what you prefer
B. identifying your present emotional state first
C. finding a more positive feeling first
D. focusing on your emotional state
89. According to the context, what does ―your own biology‖ mean in the last paragraph?
A. Your current major.
B. Your future job.
C. Your future research.
D. Your preference.
90. Which of the following is the best as the title of the passage?
A. Causes of Stress.
B. Type of Stress.
College C. Life and Stress. D. Stress and Control Methods.
TEXT C
For anyone who doubts that the texting revolution is upon us, consider this: The average 13- to 17-year-old sends and receives 3,339 texts a month—more than 100 per day, according to the Nielsen Co., the media research firm. Adults are catching up. People from ages 45 to 54 sent and received 323 texts a month in the second quarter of 2010, up 75% from a year ago, Nielsen says.
Behind the texting explosion is a fundamental shift in how we view our mobile devices. That they are phones is increasingly beside the point.
Part of what's driving the texting surge among adults is the popularity of social media. Sites like Twitter, with postings of no more than 140 characters, are creating and reinforcing the habit of communicating in micro-bursts.
Economics has much to do with texting’s popularity. Text messages cost carriers less than traditional mobile voice transmissions, and so they cost users less. Sprint Nextel has reconceived its Virgin Mobile brand to cater to heavy texters in a difficult economy. For $25 per month, users get unlimited texting,
email, social networking and 300 talk minutes; for another $15, they get an additional 900 talk minutes. The name of the brand's new wireless plan: ―Beyond Talk.‖
Texting’s rise over conversation is changing the way we interact, social scientists and researchers say. We are now inclined to text to relay difficult information. We stare at our phone when we want to avoid eye contact. Rather than make plans in advance, we engage in what research have named ―micro-coordination‖—‖I’ll txt u in 10mins when I know wh/ restrnt.‖
Texting saves us time, but it steals from quiet reflection. ―When people have a mobile device and have even a little extra time, they will communicate with someone in their life,‖ says Lee Rainie, director of the Pew Internet and American Life Project.
And the phone conversation will never be completely obsolete. Deal makers and other professionals still spend much of the day on the phone. Researchers say people are more likely to use text-based communications at the preliminary stages of projects. The phone comes into play when there are multiple options to consider or important decisions to be made.
91. At the beginning of the passage, the author uses figures for the purpose of ________.
A. introduction
B. comparison
C. explanation
D. transition
92. According to the context, which of the following is closest in meaning to ―beside the point‖?
A. Unimportant.
B. Unacknowledged.
C. Underestimated.
D. Undeniable.
93. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause for text ing’s popularity?
A. Promotion of cheaper wireless packages.
B. Increase in the number of adult texters.
C. Redesign of mobile devices.
D. Rise of social media.
94. According to the passage, texting can help people to ________.
A. face difficult situations
B. make appointments in advance
C. communicate wish strangers
D. avoid awkward situations
95. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Texting’s popularity and effect.
B. Role of texting in business.
C. Preference to texting over thinking.
D. Innovation of mobile devices.
TEXT D
The healthy adolescent boy or girl likes to do the real things in life, to do the things that matter. He would rather be a plumber’s mate and do a real job that requires doin g than learn about hydrostatics sitting at a desk, without understanding what practical use they are going to be. A girl would rather look after the baby than learn about child care. Logically we should learn about things before doing them and that is presumably why the pundits enforce this in our educational system. But it is not the natural way-nor, I venture to think, the best way. The adolescent wants to do things first for only then does he appreciate the problems involved and want to learn more about them.
They do these things better in primitive life, for there at puberty the boy joins his father in making canoes, patching huts, going out fishing or hunting. He is serving his apprenticeship in the actual
accomplishments of life. It is not surprising that anthropologists(人类学家) find that the adolescents of primitive communities do not suffer from the same neurotic(神经质的) ―difficulties‖ as those of civilized life. This is not, as some assume, because they are permitted more sexual freedom, but because they are given more natural outlets for their native interests and powers and are allowed to grow up freely into a full life of responsibility in the community.
In the 19th century this was recognized in the apprenticeship system, which allowed the boy to go out with the master carpenter, or ploughman, to engage in the actual work of carpentry or roof-mending, and so to learn his trade. In some agricultural colleges at the present time young men have to do a year’s work on a farm before their theoretical training at college. The great advantage of this system is that it lets the apprentice see the practical problems before he sets to work learning how to solve them, and he can therefore take a more intelligent interest in his theoretical work.
Since more knowledge of more things is now required in order to cope with the adult world, the period of growing-up to independence takes much longer than it did in a more primitive community, and the responsibility for such education, which formerly was in the hands of the parents, is now necessarily undertaken by experts at school. But that should not make us lose sight of the basic principle, namely the need and the desire of the adolescent to engage responsibly in the real pursuits of life and then to learn how —to learn through responsibility, not to learn before responsibility.
96. According to the author, what is the natural way of education?
A. Doing things while learning.
B. Doing things as an apprentice.
C. Doing things before learning.
D. Learning practical knowledge first.
97. The main advantage of the natural way of education, whether in primitive or modern times, is that learners ________.
A. can learn the trade through solving problems at work
B. can work with their masters throughout their learning
C. are given more freedom in doing things and learning
D. are given opportunities to develop their interest first
98. According to the context, ―this‖ in the third paragraph refers to ________.
A. the way of learning in primitive communities
B. the difficulties modern adolescents experience
C. the amount of freedom in learning in primitive life
D. the kind of skills boys learned from their father
99. According to the author, learning should now be done in school for all the following reasons EXCEPT that ________.
A. more subjects are to be covered
B. more parents should be involved in teaching
C. there should be a deeper understanding of a subject
D. more time is needed for becoming independent
100. Which of the following best sums up the aut hor’s main point?
A. The apprenticeship system was effective in learning.
B. Students should be given mire freedom in learning.
C. Students develop their interest through learning.
D. Learning to solve problem is learning through responsibility.
PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]
SECTION A COMPOSITION [35 MIN]
An undergraduate of English at a university, in a recent letter to the university’s president, complained about the mandatory maths classes he had to take. He said that because a language major has little use for maths, he would forget all of his maths lessons soon after taking the required exams. What do you think of this opinion?
Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic: Should English Majors Study Maths?
You are to write in three parts.
In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.
In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
SECTION B NOTE-WRITING [10 MIN]
Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:
As you are taking an exam, you do not have time to meet a former schoolmate of years at the railway station. Write a note to your friend Mark/Lily, politely asking him/her to meet your schoolmate for you and describing briefly what your schoolmate looks like.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness.
—THE END—
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2014)-GRADE FOUR-2014年英语专业四级参考答案
PART I DICTATION
Limiting the growth of technology throughout history man has changed his physical environment to improve his way of life. With the tools of technology man has altered many physical features of the earth. He has transformed wood lands into farmland: He has modified the face of the earth by cutting through mountains to build roads and railways. However these changes in the physical environment have not always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the planet. Each day, thousands of tons of gases come out of the vehicles: smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding countryside. The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy. The pollution of water is equally harmful. In the sea, pollution from oil is killing a lot of sea plant and fish. It is now necessary for man to limit the growth of technology in order to survive on the earth.
PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A 1-5. CBBBD 6-10. CCDBC; SECTION B 11-15. BAADB 16-20. BCACB; SECTION C 21-25. BABBB 26-30. CBBAC
PART III CLOZE 31-35. ADBBD 36-40.CACDD 41-45.BCABD 46-50.ACCBA
PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 51-55. DBDBA 56-60. BDACD
61-65. DCCAB 66-70. BDADB 71-75. AABCA 76-80. DBDDA
PART V READING COMPREHENSION A) 81-85.CADBC; B) 86-90.CABDC;
C) 91-95.AACDA; D) 96-100. CDABD
PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 答案详解
PART VI WRITING
SECTION A COMPOSITION
Should English Majors Study Maths? (环球时代版)
SECTION B NOTE-WRITING(环球时代版)
April 19, 2014
Yours,
Lucy （*注意：以上资料均源自网络，如有错漏，欢迎指正！*）
2015英语专业四级真题答案
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2015 -GRADE FOUR-
PART I DICTATION
PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
Conversation one
1. Why is the trip to Mars a one-way trip?
A. The return trip is too expensive.
B. There is no technology to get people back.
C. People don’t want to return.
D. The return trip is too risky.
2. According to the man, what is more important for those recruits?
A. Intelligence.
B. Health.
C. Skills.
D. Calmness.
3. What is the last part of the conversation about?
A. The kind of people suitable for the trip.
B. Interests and hobbies of the speakers.
C. Recruitment of people for the trip.
D. Preparation for the trip to Mars.
Conversation Two
4. What is showrooming?
A. Going to the high street.
B. Visiting everyday shops.
C. Buying things like electrical goods.
D. Visiting shops and buying online.
5. According to the conversation, the man had bought all the following things online EXCEPT
A. shoes
B. CDs
C. camera
D. food
6. According to the conversation, the percentage of people who showroomed while Christmas shopping was
A. 3%
B. 33%
C. 42%
D. 24%
7. One reason for people to showroom is that they
A. want to know more about pricing
B. can return the product later
C. want to see the real thing first
D. can bargain for a lower shop price
Conversation Three
8. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. How to avoid clashes of exams.
B. How to schedule exams.
C. How to use the faculty lounge.
D. How to choose the courses.
9. What does the student have to do first in order to take the exams?
A. To choose a date on the draft schedule.
B. To find the information on the bulletin board.
C. To draw up the final schedule.
D. To arrange an invigilator.
10. According to the conversation, the Dean will
A. sign the sheet in the faculty lounge
B. take care of the bulletin board
C. consult the students
D. finalize the exam schedule
SECTION B PASSAGES
Passage One
11. Which of the following cities has the oldest Chinatown in North America?
A. New York.
B. San Francisco.
C. Boston.
D. San Diego.
12. The Chinatown in San Francisco attracts tourists a year.
A. 20 ,000
B. 100 ,000
C. 7 million
D. 17 million
13. Where can tourists see the fish markets?
A. In Stockton Street.
B. In Grant Avenue.
C. In Portsmouth Square.
D. In Bush Street.
Passage Two
14. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Obesity can damage one’s health.
B. Obesity is a growing problem all over the world.
C. Obesity is directly related to one’s habit.
D. Obesity has affected both boys and girls.
15. The purpose of the three-year study is to .
A. find out why some children find it difficult to go to sleep
B. learn more about the link between sleep and weight
C. identify the ways parents reduce their kids’ weight
D. see if there is difference in sleep patterns over the period
16. According to the study, the daily healthy sleep time for the 3rd to 6th graders should be around ___ hours.
A. 8
B. 9
C. 10
D. 11
17. According to the passage, obesity is most likely related to __ .
A. sleep time
B. gender
C. race
D. parents
Passage Three
18. According to a number of students, __ __ is the main factor for early-age smoking.
A. gender
B. personality
C. environment
D. money
19. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. Very few continue smoking throughout their teenage years.
B. Most early-age smokers soon stop experimenting.
C. Some early-age smokers never go beyond experimenting.
D. Children quickly become regular smokers by carrying cigarettes.
20. All the following are features of smokers EXCEPT ___ .
A. strong peer influence
B. low sense of achievement
C. high sense of rebellion
D. close family relationship
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
News Item 1
21. Why were some children offered only fruit and milk for lunch?
A. The school stopped providing school lunch.
B. Their parents failed to pay for school lunch.
C. Some parents preferred fruit and milk for lunch.
D. These children chose to have something different.
22. How did parents react to the school’s way of handling the situation?
A. They were upset
B. They were furious.
C. They were surprised.
D. They were sad.
News Item 2
23. According to the news, what is the main advantage of the digital key?
A. Guests can pay without going to the front desk.
B. Guests can go direct to their rooms.
C. Guests can check out any time.
D. Guests can make room reservations.
24. The hotel company intends to have the system in ___ of its hotels in the next three months.
A. 2
B. 3
C. 100
D. 150
News Item 3
25. According to the court ruling, Shrien Dewani _ ___ .
A. will return to the U.K. for medical treatment
B. will remain in South Africa for medical treatment
C. will stand trial in South Africa once proved fit
D. will be extradited even if he is unfit to stand trial
26. What was Dewani accused of?
A. Having his wife killed.
B. Killing his wife in the U.K.
C. Being involved in a taxi accident.
D. Hiring a crew of hit men.
News Item 4
27. The U.N. new vote would allow all the following EXCEPT ___ .
A. the use of force by European Union troops
B. the suspension of an existing arms embargo
C. the extension of U.N. peacekeeping mission
D. the ban on travel and freeze of assets
News Item 5
28. What is the news mainly about?
A. Causes of early death in Russia.
B. Behavior of alcoholics.
C. Causes of alcohol poisoning.
D. Number of death over 10 years.
News Item 6
29. The total investment in film-making in Britain in 2012 was __ __ .
A. ￡945 million
B. ￡1.07 billion
C. ￡500,000
D. ￡87,000
30. Hollywood studios prefer to make films in Britain because ___ .
A. The UK is a good film location
B. The cast usually comes from Britain
C. Hollywood emphasizes quality
D. Production cost can be reduced
PART III CLOZE
Electricity is such a part of our everyday lives and so much taken for granted nowadays 31 ___ we rarely think twice when we switch on the light or turn on the TV set. At night, roads are brightly lit, enabling people and32 ___ to move freely. Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the 33 ___ of every modern city. In the home, many 34 ___ devices are powered by electricity. 35 ___ when we turn off the bedside lamp and are 36 ___ asleep, electricity is working for us, 37 ___ our
refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. Every day, trains, buses and subways take us to and from work. We rarely 38 ___ to consider why or how they run——39 ___ so mething goes wrong.
In the summer of 1959, something 40 ___ go wrong with the power-plant that provided New York with electricity. For a great many hours, life came almost to a 41 ___. Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark, 42 ___ to do anything; lifts stopped working, so that 43 ___ you were lucky enough not to be 44. ___ between two floors, you had the unpleasant task of finding your way down 45 ___ of stairs. Famous streets like Broadway and Fifth Avenue in a(n) 46 ___ became as gloomy and uninviting 47 ___ the most remote back streets. People were afraid to leave their houses,
48 ___ . although the police had been ordered to 49 ___ in case of emergency, they were just as
confused and50 ___ as anybody else.
31. A. that B. thus C. as D. so
32. A. car B. truck C. traffic D. pedestrians
33. A. appearance B. character C. distinction D. surface
34. A. money-saving B. time-saving C. energy-saving D. labor-saving
35. A. Only B. Rarely C. Even D. Frequently
36. A. fast B. quite C. closely D. quickly
37. A. moving B. starting C. repairing D. driving
38. A. trouble B. bother C. hesitate D. remember
39. A. when B. if C. until D. after
40. A. did B. would C. could D. Should
41. A. pause B. terminal C. breakdown D. standstill
42. A. incompetent B. powerless C. hesitant D. helpless
43. A. although B. when C. as D. even if
44. A. trapped B. placed C. positioned D. locked
45. A. steps B. levels C. flights D. floors
46. A. time B. instant C. point D. minute
47. A. like B. than C. for D. as
48. A. for B. and C. but D. or
49. A. stand aside B. stand down C. standby D. stand in
50. A. aimless B. helpless C. unfocused D. undecided
PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY
51. When you have finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf, ____?
A. don’t you
B. do you
C. will you
D. won’t you
52. Mary is __ ___ hardworking than her sister, but she failed in the exam.
A. no less
B. no more
C. not less
D. not so
53. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A. Only one out of six were present at the meeting.
B. Ten dollars was stolen from the cash register.
C. Either my sister or my brother is wrong.
D. Five miles seem like a long walk to me.
54. Which of the italicized parts expresses a future tense?
A. My friend teaches chemistry in a school.
B. I’ll give it to you after I return.
机密★启用前 2014年广东省初中毕业生学业考试 语文 说明：1．全卷共6页，满分为120分。考试用时为120分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔在答题卡填写自己的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号。用2B铅笔把对应该号码的标号涂黑。 3．答题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目的指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4．本试卷设有附加题，共10分，考生可答可不答；该题得分作为补偿分计人总分，但全卷最后得分不得超过120分。 5．考生务必保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束时，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、(24分） 1．根据课文默写古诗文。（10分） （1)人恒过然后能改，口口口口口口口口口，征于色发于声而后喻。（《孟子》两章）(1分） (2)客路青山外，口口口口口。口口口口口，风正一帆悬。（王湾《次北固山下》）(2分） (3)口口口口口口口，五十弦翻塞外声，沙场秋点兵。（辛弃疾《破阵子》）(1分） (4)《归园田居（其三）》中，写陶渊明早出晚归，表现他闲适恬淡心境的句子是： 口口口口口，口口口口口。(2分） (5)默写李白的《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》。(4分） 口口口口口口口，口口口口口口口。口口口口口口口，口口口口口口口。 2．根据拼音写出相应的词语。(4分） (1）须晴日，看红装素裹，分外rāo yáo。( ) (2）我懂得了鸟儿如何筑巢，如何繁衍，如何随着季节的变化而qiān xǐ。( ) (3）人类的智慧与大自然的智慧相比，实在是xiāng xíng jiàn chù。( ) (4）她总是对人们微笑着，pò bù jí dài地想对人民有所贡献。( ) 3．下列句子中加点词语使用不恰当 ．．．的一项是（）(3分） A．旋风一样，是飞扬 ．．的流苏；乱蛙一样，是蹦跳的脚步；火花一样，是闪射的瞳仁。 B．母亲啊！你是荷叶，我是红莲，心中的雨点来了，除了你，谁是我在无遮拦天空下的荫蔽 ．．？ C.垃圾广告、恶意插件、暴力游戏和八卦新闻等充斥着互联网，令网民不厌其烦 ．．．．。 D.“光盘行动”、十面霾伏”等词语从众多网络新词中脱颖而出 ．．．．，获评2013年度十大新词语。 4．下列对病句的修改不正确 ．．．的一项是（）(3分） A．珠算“申遗”成功后，不少网友认为，珠算是我国古代的重大发明，是中华民族智慧的结晶，应该加以发扬和传承。（将“发扬”与“传承”互换位置） B．昆虫学家法布尔把科学和文学巧妙地结合起来，用生动形象的语言为我们刻画了一个绚丽多姿的昆虫世界。（把“刻画”改为“描绘”）
2016年房地产估价案例与分析真题与解析 一、问答题（共3题，每题10分。请将答案写在答题纸对应的题号下） （一）某房地产开发公司拟将其开发建设中的一幢综合楼作为抵押物向银行申请贷款，委托房地产估价机构评估该在建工程的抵押价值。注册房地产评估师在实地查勘时获知该综合楼的主体结构已封顶，后续建设工程正在进行，建安工程整体形象进度达65%，拟选用假设开发法作为其中一种估价方法。请问： 1.假设开发法的估价前提有哪几种？本次估价应选择哪种估价前提？ 2.在各种不同的估价前提下，假设开发法的测算主要有哪些差别？ 【参考答案】 1.假设开发法的估价前提有3种：（1）估价对象仍然由其业主开发完成，这种估价前提称为“业主自行开发前提”；（2）估价对象要被其业主自愿转让给他人开发完成，这种估价前提称为“自愿转让开发前提”；（3）估价对象要被迫转让给他人开发完成，这种估价前提称为“被迫转让开发前提”。 本次估价是房地产抵押估价，应采用“被迫转让前提”。参见《房地产估价理论与方法》教材P341～342。房地产抵押估价和房地产司法拍卖估价，一般应采用“被迫转让前提”。 2.在不同的估价前提下，假设开发法测算的主要差别包括： （1）预测出的后续开发经营期的长短不同。自行开发前提下，后续开发经营期就是正常的后续建设期；而自愿转让开发前提和被迫转让开发前提下，需要考虑转让的正常期限，从而导致后续开发经营期发生变化。 （2）后续开发的必要支出不同。自行开发前提下，只考虑后续开发的必要支出；而自愿转让开发前提和被迫转让开发前提下，通常会产生新的“前期费用”，在估价后续开发的必要支出时，还应加上这部分“前期费用”。 （3）测算出的待开发房地产价值不同。一般情况下，自己开发前提下评估出的价值要大于自愿转让前提下评估出的价值，自愿转让前提下评估出的价值要大于被迫转让前提下评估出的价值。参见《房地产估价理论与方法》教材P341～342。 第三科教材的某一叙述，可能就是案例与分析的一个问答题答案的关键。
2014年一建市政真题及参考答案 一、单选题 1、关于降噪排水路面的说法，正确的是（B）。 A.磨耗层采用SMA混合料； B.上面层采用OGFC沥青混合料； C.中面层采用尖端级配沥青混合料； D.地面层采用监督级配混合料； 【P9】教材图及解释。 2、城市道路工程施工与质量验收规程中规定，热板沥青混合料路面应待摊铺层自然降温至表面温度对于（C）后，方可开放交通。 A.70°C； B.60°C； C.50°C； D.65°C力； 【P393】热拌沥青混合料路面应待摊铺层自然降温至表面温度低于50℃后，方可开放交通。 3、下列膨胀土路基的处理方法中，错误的是（C） A.采用灰土桩对路基进行加固； B.用堆载预压对路基进行加固； C.在路基中设透水层； D.采用不透水的面层结构； 【P18】膨胀土路基可采取的措施包括用灰土桩加固和改良；也可用开挖换填、堆载预压对路基进行加固。同时应采取措施做好路基的防水和保湿，如设置排水沟，采用不透水的面层结构，在路基中设不透水层； 4、用于基坑边坡支护的喷射混凝土的主要外加剂是（D）。 A.膨胀剂； B.引气剂； C.防水剂； D.速凝剂； 【P56】常用的外加剂有减水剂、早强剂、缓凝剂、引气剂、防冻剂、膨胀剂、防水剂、混凝土泵送剂、喷射混凝土用的速凝剂等。 5、预应力混凝土连续梁合龙宜在一天中气温（C）时进行 A.最高； B.较高； C.最低； D.较高。 【P69】合龙宜在一天中气温最低时进行。 6、场地地面空旷，地质条件好，周围无需保护的建筑物时，应优先采用的基坑施工方法是（A）。 A.放坡开挖； B.钢板桩支护； C.钻孔灌注桩支护； D.地下连续墙支护； 【解析】想想就知道。 7、城市轨道交通地面正线宜采用（D）。 A.长枕式整体道床；
2014年深圳中考数学试卷 一、选择题 1、9的相反数（） 1 A：-9 B：9 C：±9 D： 9 答案：A 解析：考点：相反数，有理数的概念中考常规必考，多第一题。 2、下列图形中是轴对称图形但不是中心对称图形的是（） 答案：B 解析：考点：轴对称和中心对称。中考常规必考。 3、支付宝与”快的打车”联合推出优惠，”快的打车”一夜之间红遍大江南北，据统计，2014年”快的打车”账户流水总金额达到47.3亿元，47.3亿元用科学计数法表示为（） A：4.73×108B: 4.73×109 C：4.73×1010 D：4.73×1011 答案：B 解析：考点：科学计数法。中考常规必考。 4、由几个大小相同的正方形组成的几何图形如图所示，则它的俯视图为（） A B C D 答案：A 解析：考点：三视图 A：平均数3 B:众数是-2 C：中位数是1 D：极差为8 答案：D 解析：考点：数据的代表。 极差：最大值－最小值。6-（-2）=8。 平均数：（-2+1+2+1+4+6）÷6=2。 众数：1。中位数：先由小到大排列：-2,1，1,2,4,6，中间两位为1和2，则中位数计算为：（1+2）÷2=1.5. 6，已知函数y=ax+b经过（1,3）（0，-2），求a-b=（） A：-1 B：-3 C:3 D:7 答案：D 解析：考点：待定系数法求函数解析式。代入（1,3），（0,-2）到函数解析式y=ax+b得，a+b=3,b=-2，则a
=5,b=-2，a-b=7 7、.下列方程中没有实数根的是（） A、x2+4x=10 B、3x2+8x-3=0 C、x2-2x+3=0 D、(x-2)(x-3)=12 答案：C 考点：判根公式的考察：△=b2-4ac。C项中△＜0，无实数根。 8、如图，△ABC和△DEF中，AB=DE, ∠B=∠DEF，添加下列哪一个条件无法证明△ABC≌△DEF（） A、AB∥DE B、∠A=∠D C、AC=DF D、∠ACB=∠F 答案：C 考点：三角形全等的条件：SSS、SAS、AAS、ASA、HL。C项成立则为SSA，非三角形全等的判定方法。 9.袋子里有四个球，标有2,3,4,5，先抽取一个并记住，放回，然后在抽取一个，问抽取的两个数字之和大于6的概率是（） A 1/2 B 7/12 C 5/8 D 3/4 答案：C 解析：二组变量的概率计算。方法：列表法，树状图。总情况16种，大于6的情况有：2（5）；3（4、5）；4（3、4、5）；5（2、3、4、5）共10种，10/16=5/8. 10.小明去爬山，在山角看山顶的角度为30°，小明在坡比为5:12的山坡上走1300米后看山顶的角度为60°，求山高（） A 600-250 √3 B 600-250√3 C 350+350√3 D500√3 答案：B 解析：解直角三角形的实际问题。依题意CD=1300，DE：CE=5:12，则DE=500,CE=1200,设DF=x,在Rt△DFA 中，∠ADF=60°，AF=√3x，在Rt△DFA中，∠ACB=30°，AB=√3x+500，BC=1200+x，AB：BC=1：√3，解得，x = 600-250√3. 11.二次函数y=ax2+bx+c图像如图所示，下列说法正确的是（） （1）bc＞0 （2）2a-3c＜0 （3）2a+b＞0 （4）ax2+bx+c=0有两个解x1,x2,x1＞0，x2＜0 （5）a+b+c＞0 （6）当x＞1时，y随x的增大而减小。
某实验室建有Ｓ型热电偶标准装置(Ｕ＝0.6℃，k =2)．按照溯源计划，其主标准器标准热电偶温度计(温度计Ａ)每年1月份送上一级计量技术机构检定．2015年1月8日出具的温度计Ａ的检定证书显示其在800℃的测得值为8010.2℃．实验室用Ｓ型热电偶温度计(温度计Ｂ)作为核查标准，每2个月在800℃点对些标准装置进行期间核查．核查时，同时读取放在同一怛温槽中的两 问题： 1.计算温度计Ｂ在800℃时的修正值，写出计算过程． 2.计算平均值i y 和1--i i y y ，并将数据填入表格．(在答题卡上填写) 3.根据核查数据绘制Ｓ型热电偶标准装置的期间核查曲线．(在答题卡上绘制) 4.判断核查结果是否合格，并说明理由．
考评员现场考核某企业的最高计量标准”直流低电阻表检定装置”． 1.在参观现场时，考评员发现其现场温度较低，不能满足计量检定规程规定的环境条件要求，实验室负责人说，我们的标准器在较低温度下也能正常工作，经过温度修正，准确度同样符合要求． 2.在查看实验室时，考评员发现工作台上单独放着一台电脑，询问其作用．实验室负责人回答，我们为了节省档案存储空间，测量时先将数据记在草稿纸上，随后输入电脑，加入电子签名制成电子原始记录，统一存入服务器，核验员对录入数据进行校核后，才销毁草稿纸． 3.在审阅材料中，考评员发现其主标准器前两年都是由省计量院出具的检定证书，而今年是由一家校准公司出具的校准证书．实验室负责人答复，该标准器到期送检时，省计量院相应检定装置故障，暂停了相关计量器具的检定工作，于是选择了这家具备ＣＮＡＳ资质且技术能力较强的校准公司进行校准，校准结果显示该标准器性能良好． 4.在检查设备证书时，考评员发现一台配套设备的校准时间间隔前两次是1年，而最近一次改成了2年．实验室负责人拿出多年的稳定性考核数据证明该设备性能十分稳定，并出示了论证文件和技术负责人签发的将校准时间间隔改为2年的批准文件． 5.在查看其设备档案时，考评员发现某些设备的采购合同原件并未包含在其中，只存有复印件．实验室人员解释，这些材料的原件由财务人员保存． 6.在查看其近期出具的检定和校准证书时，考评员发现某份校准证书内页
2014年一级建造师《通信与广电工程》考试真题 一、单项选择题(共20题，每题1分。每题的备选项中，只有1个最符合题意) 1采用卡接方式的卡线钳应垂直接线端子，压下时发出回弹响声说明卡接完成，多余线头应( )。 A.随后剪断 B.手动剪断 C.自动剪断 D.统一剪断 参考答案：C 参考解析:卡线钳的工作原理决定多余线头的自动剪断才能保证芯线卡接的可靠。 保存点击查看试题笔记(1)2微波安装的硬波导馈线要求横平竖直，应稳定、牢固、受力均匀，加固间距为( )左右。 A.1.0m B.1.5m C.2.0m D.2.5m 参考答案：C 参考解析:第2题笔记(本题共1条笔记，旧版解析、笔记已转移到这里)查看所有笔记(1)查看我的笔记(0) 3对于为中、远地区(超过2000km)服务的中波、短波广播发射台，障碍物的仰角应不大于( )。 A.10～1.5o B.1.5o～2o C.2o～2.5o D.2.5o～3o 参考答案：B 4( )是以服务器为核心，利用网络来传送音视频数据和文件，实现自动化的方式和并行的工作模式，实现资源共享、提高工作效率。 A.广播电视中心的数字化 B.传输系统的数字化 C.广播电视中心的网络化 D.传输系统的网络化 参考答案：C 5计算机网络的主要目的是( )。 A.资源共享 B.提高系统可靠性
C.均衡负荷 D.提供灵活的工作环境 参考答案：A 6市话全塑电缆的型号中，分类代号HP代表电缆为( )。 A.市话电缆 B.配线电缆 C.局用电缆 D.都不对 参考答案：B 7设置在汇接局(Tm)和端局(C5)的时钟是( )。 A.第一级时钟 B.第二级时钟 C.第三级时钟 D.第四级时钟 参考答案：C 参考解析:第一级时钟是基准时钟(PRC)，由铯原子组成，它是我国数字网中最高质量的时钟，是其他所有时钟的定时基准;第二级时钟是长途交换中心时钟;第三级时钟是有保持功能的高稳定度晶体时钟，设置在汇接局(Tin)和端局(C5)，需要时可设置大楼综合定时供给系统;第四级时钟是一般晶体时钟，通过同步链路与第三级时钟同步，设置于远端模块、数字终端设备和数字用户交换设备。 8石质、半石质地段应在沟底和光缆上方各铺( )厚的细土或沙土。 A.50mm B.100mm C.150mm D.200mm 参考答案：B 9GPS天线应处在避雷针顶点下倾( )保护范围内。 A.15o B.30o C.45o D.60o 参考答案：C 10执法人员当场作出行政处罚决定的，应当填写统一编号的《行政处罚(当场)决定书》，当场交付当事人并告知当事人，如不服行政处罚决定，可以依法( )。 A.申请行政复议或者提起民事诉讼 B.提起行政诉讼或者提起民事诉讼
2014年中考语文试题及答案
贵州省铜仁市2014年中考 语文试题 第Ⅰ卷（每小题3分，共30分） —、（21分） 1、下列词语中加点字的读音全部正确的一项是（） A．省悟（xǐng）凝固（níng）犒赏（kào）锲而不舍（qiè） B．哺育（bǔ）贿赂（lù）症结（zhēng）飒爽英姿（shà） C．功绩（jì）星宿（sù）扼要（è）揆情度理（duó） D．谈吐（tǔ）栈桥（zhàn）对峙（shì）锐不可当（dāng） 2、下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（） A．禁锢断壁残垣按步就班粗制滥造 B．像样不可明状眼花缭乱川流不息 C．修葺绵里藏针谈笑风生销声匿迹 D．恻隐绿荫蔽日不记其数无耻谰言 3、下列句子中加点的成语使用错误的一项是（） A．今年五·一期间，风景秀丽的梵净山令国内外游人流．连忘返 ．．．。 B．日本首相安倍晋三肆无忌惮 ．．．．地参拜靖国神社，激起了亚洲各国人民的极大愤慨。 C．为了在科技比赛中体现创新精神，许多同学处心积虑 ．．．．，设计了各种造型的航空模型。 D．辛弃疾的词大多以激昂跌宕的气势和独具匠心 ．．．．的构思来抒情言志，在南宋词坛上占有重要地位。
4、下列句子中没有语病的一项是（） A．大力加强未成年人思想道德，是学校、家庭、社会一 项重要而紧迫的任务。 B．语文素养是学生学好其他课程的基础，也是学生全面 发展和终身发展的基础。 C．经过全市人民的共同努力，使我市的空气质量状况有 了明显改善。 D．河水的来源除了地下水等之外，还有雨水也是它的来 源之一。 5、下列句子标点符号使用正确的一项是（） A．容不得束缚，容不得羁绊，容不得闭塞。是挣脱了， 冲破了，撞开了的那么一股劲! B．“梵天净土，桃源铜仁”。已经成为了铜仁市对外宣 传的一张名片。 C．“哎呀，真是美极了。”皇帝说：“我十分满意!” D．父亲总是要说他那句永不变更的话：“唉!如果于勒 竟在这只船上，那会叫人多么惊喜呀!” 6、下列句子顺序捧列正确的一项是（） ①一次，富兰克林买到一本《旁观者》刊物，便边读边 把几篇文章的大意摘录下来。 ②接着，就把自己写的与原文比较，发现自己的缺点， 就把它改正过来。 ③几年以后，他模拟原文的风格，写出了一篇篇文章。 ④这样下来，他不仅掌握了作者的观点，取到了“真经”，而且学到了作者的思维方法，锻炼了自己的创造力。 ⑤“不动笔墨不读书”是强化记忆、训练思维的好方法。 ⑥美国科学家富兰克林的成功就是由此开始的。 A．⑤⑥②③①④ B．④③②①⑤⑥ C．⑤⑥①③②④
2016年度全国一级注册消防工程师资格考试真题 消防案例分析 第一题 某寒冷地区公共建筑，地下3层，地上37层，建筑高度160m，总建筑面积121000㎡，按照国家标准设置相应的消防设施。 该建筑室内消火栓系统采用消防水泵串联分区供水形式，分高、低区两个分区。消防水泵房和消防水池位于地下一层，设置低区消火栓泵2台（1用1备）和高区消火栓转输泵2台（1用1备）。中间消防水泵房和转输水箱位于地上十七层，设置高区消火栓加压泵2台（1用1备），高区消火栓加压泵控制柜与消防水泵布置在同一房间。屋顶设置高位消防水箱和稳压泵等稳压装置。低区消火栓由中间转输水箱和低区消火栓泵供水，高区消火栓由屋顶消防水箱和高区消火栓转输泵、高区消火栓加压泵联锁启动供水。 室外消防用水由市政给水管网供水。室内消火栓和自动喷水灭火系统用水由消防水池保证。室内消火栓系统的设计流量为40L/s，自动喷水灭火系统的设计流量为40L/s。 维保单位对该建筑室内消火栓系统进行检查，情况如下： （1）在地下消防水泵房对消防水池有效容积、水位、供水管等情况进行了检查。 （2）在地下消防水泵房打开低区消火栓泵试验阀，低区消火栓泵没有启动。 （3）屋顶室内消火栓系统稳压装置气压水罐有效容积为120L，无法直接识别稳压泵出水管阀门的开闭情况，深入细查发现阀门处于关闭状态，稳压泵控制柜电源未接通，当场排除故障。 （4）检查屋顶消防水箱，发现水箱内水的表面有结冰；水箱进水管管径为DN25，出水管管径为DN75； 询问消防控制室消防水箱水位情况，控制室值班人员回答无法查看。 （5）在屋顶打开试验消火栓，放水3min后测量栓口的动压，测量值为0.21MPa，消防水枪充实水柱测量值为12m；询问消防控制室有关消防水泵和稳压泵的情况，控制室值班人员回答不清楚 根据以上材料，回答下列问题（共18分，每题2分。每题的备选项中，有2个或者2个以上符合题意，至少有一个错项。错项，本题不得分；少选，所选的每项的0.5分） 1、关于该建筑消防水池，下列说法正确的有（） A. 不考虑补水时，消防水池的有效容积不应小于432m3 B. 消防控制室应能显示消防水池正常水位
2014年全国一级建造师执业资格考试《建筑工程管理与实务》真题 一、单项选择题(共20题，每题1分。每题的备选项中，只有1个最符合题意) 1．某受压细长杆件，两端铰支，其临界力为50kN，若将杆件支座形式改为两端固定，其临界力应为（）kN。 A．50 B．100 C．150 D．200 2．预应力混凝土构件的混凝土最低强度等级不应低于（）。 A．C10 B．C35 C．C40 D．C45 3．某受均布线荷载作用的简支梁，受力简图如下图所示，其剪力图形状为（）。 4．关于钢筋混凝土框架结构震害严重程度的说法，错误的是（）。 A．柱的震害重于梁 B．角柱的震害重于内柱 C．短柱的震害重于一般柱 D．柱底的震害重于柱顶 5．下列水泥品种中，其水化热最大的是（）。 A．普通水泥
B．硅酸盐水泥 C．矿渣水泥 D．粉煤灰水泥 6．在混凝土配合比设计时，影响混凝土拌合物和易性最主要的因素是（）。 A．砂率 B．单位体积用水量 C．拌合方式 D．温度 7．关于高聚物改性沥青防水卷材的说法，错误的是（）。 A．SBS卷材尤其适用于较低气温环境的建筑防水 B．APP卷材尤其适用于较高气温环境的建筑防水 C．采用冷粘法铺贴时，施工环境温度不应低于0℃ D．采用热熔法铺贴时，施工环境温度不应低于-10℃ 8．对施工控制网为方格形式的建筑场地，最方便的平面点位放线测量方法是（）。A．直角坐标法 B．极坐标法 C．角度前方交会法 D．距离交会法 9．关于岩土工程性能的说法，正确的是（）。 A．内摩擦角不是土体的抗剪强度指标 B．土体的抗剪强度指标包含有内摩擦力和内聚力 C．在土方填筑时，常以土的天然密度控制土的夯实标准 D．土的天然含水量对土体边坡稳定没有影响 10．下列桩基施工工艺中，不需要泥浆护壁的是（）。 A．冲击钻成孔灌注桩 B．回转钻成孔灌注桩 C．潜水电钻成孔灌注桩 D．钻孔压浆灌注桩 11．关于小型空心砌块砌筑工艺的说法，正确的是（）。 A．上下通缝砌筑 B．不可采用铺浆法砌筑 C．先绑扎构造柱钢筋后砌筑，最后浇筑混凝土 D．防潮层以下的空心小砌块砌体，应用C15混凝土灌实砌体的孔洞 12．当设计无要求时，在240mm厚的实心砌体上留设脚手眼的做法，正确的是（）。A．过梁上一皮砖处
2014年一级建造师考试《水利水电工程管理与实务》真题 一、单项选择题（共20题，每题1分。每题的备选项中，只有1个最符合题意） 1.工程测量中，使经纬仪水准管气泡居中的操作步骤是（）。 A.对中 B.照准 C.调焦 D.整平 2.某水闸工程建筑物级别为1级，场地基本烈度为6度，其抗震设防类别应为（）。 A.甲 B.乙 C.丙 D.丁 3.下图所示的钢筋应力—应变曲线中，X表示（）。 A.屈服强度 B.设计强度 C.极限强度 D.条件屈服强度 4.VeBe仪用于测定碾压混凝土的（）。 A.稠度 B.干密度 C.压实度 D.湿密度 5.围堰水平位移监测宜采用（）。 A.交会法 B.视准线法 C.水准观测法 D. 光电测距三角高程法 6.某堤防工程保护对象的防洪标准为50年一遇，该堤防工程的级别为（）。 A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 7.混凝土面板堆石坝中面板的主要功能是（）. A.抗压 B.抗冲 C.抗拉 D.抗渗 8.由于基坑降水中断，黏性土地基发生土体隆起的形式属于（）。 A.流土 B.管涌 C.接触冲刷 D.接触流失 9.对于成桩直径为0.6m的高压喷射灌浆，施工方法宜采用（）。 A.单管法 B.二管法 C.三管法 D.新三管法 10.下列河道截流方法中，须在龙口建浮桥或栈桥的是（）。 A.平堵法 B.立堵法 C.浮运结构截流 D.水力充填法
11.根据《关于加强关于水力工程建设项目开工管理工作的通知》（水建管[2006]144号），某水利工程属中央项目，总投资为2亿元，其开工审批应由（）负责。 A.国家发展和改革委 B.水利部 C.流域机构 D.项目所在地省级水行政主管部门 12.根据《水闸安全鉴定管理办法》（水建管[2008]214号），某水闸工程鉴定结论为：运用指标达不到设计标准，工程存在严重损坏，经除险加固后，才能到到正常运行。该水闸安全类别应为（）类闸。 A.一 B.二 C.三 D.四 13.根据《水利建设工程安全创建管理暂行办法》（水精[2012]1号），下列工作中，不属于文明工地创建评审范畴的是（）。 A.质量管理 B.进度管理 C.安全管理 D.综合管理 14.根据《水利安全生产标准化评审管理暂行办法》，某施工企业安全生产标准化评审得分为85分，且各一级评审项目得分不低于应得分的70%，该企业安全生产标准化等级为（）。 A.一级 B.二级 C.三级 D.四级 15.根据《水电建设工程质量管理暂行办法》（电水农[1997]220号），水电工程重大质量事故由（）负责组织专家组进行调查。 A.项目法人 B.监理单位 C.质监总站 D.项目审批单位 16.根据《水利工程建设项目档案管理规定》（水办[2005]480号），“竣工图确认章”应由（）加盖。 A.建设单位 B.施工单位 C.监理单位 D.档案管理部门 17.根据《水电工程验收管理办法》（国能新能[2011]263号），水电工程截流验收由项目法人会同（）等单位共同组织进行。 A.项目审批部门 B.工程所在省能源局 C.质监总站 D.电网经营管理单位 18.下列水利水电工程注册建造师施工管理签章文件中，不属于成本费用管理文件的是（）。 A.工程预付款申请表 B.工程价款月支付申请表 C.完工付款申请表 D.索赔通知单 19.根据《水利工程建设项目施工监理规范》（SL288—2003），总监理工程师的下列职责中，可授权给副总监理工程师的是（）。 A.审批监理实施细则 B.签发各类付款证书 C.签发监理月报 D.调整监理人员 20.根据《大中型水利水电工程建设征地补偿和移民安置条例》（国务院令第471号），中型水库工程建设征收耕地，土地补偿费和安置补助费之和应为该耕地被征收前三年平均年产值的（）倍。 A.4 B.8 C.16 D.32
河北省2014年中考英语试卷 五、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，计20分） 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 26. Let’s take ______ photo! Everyone, cheese! A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 27. We must protect plants. They are friends of ______. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 28. You see, Kevin is wr iting ______ his left hand. A. at B. as C. for D. with 29. Do you have toys I’d like to buy ______ for my cousin. A. it B. one C. this D. that 30. I want a sweet milk. Put some ______ in my cup, please. A. ice B. soup C. salt D. sugar 31. How ______ Cindy grows! She’s almost as tall as her mother now. A. cute B. strong C. fast D. straight 32. Diana isn’t here, ______ leave a message on her desk. A. or B. so D. and D. but 33. Don’t forget ______ thanks when other people help you. A. accept B. to accept C. say D. to say 34. I ______ follow you. Would you please repeat it A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 35. Mom is cooking dinner. It ______ so nice. A. smells B. tastes C. feels D. sounds 36. Steven, we should ______ the bus at the next stop. A. get up B. get off C. get to D. get in 37. Someone ______ at the door. Can you open it A. knocks B. knocked C. is knocking D. was knocking
2016年案例分析真题 xx年案例分析真题 第一题(20分) 某实验室建有S型热电偶标准装置(U＝0.6℃，k=2).按照溯源计划，其主标准器标准热电偶温度计(温度计A)每年1月份送上一级计量技术机构检定.xx年1月8日出具的温度计A的检定证书显示其在800℃的测得值为800.2℃.实验室用S型热电偶温度计(温度计B)作为核查标准，每2个月在800℃点对此标准装置进行期间核查.核查时，同时读取放在同一恒温槽中的两支温度计的示值tA和tB，将其差值填入核查记录表，具体数据如下表. 序号123456 测量日期 xx.01.10 xx.03.07 xx.05.06 xx.07.08 xx.09.07 xx. 11.05 测得值 (tB-tA)℃ 0.63 0.61 0.78 0.93 0.82 0.98 0.68 0.62 0.67 0.68 0.78 0.87 0.57 0.68 0.69 0.59 0.90 0.77 0.51 0.57 0.89 0.67 0.85 0.81 0.62 0.73 0.76 0.71 0.78 0.72 0.42 0.69 0.59 0.73 0.83 0.79 0.47 0.61 0.69 0.62 0.79 0.69 0.34 0.68 0.73 0.68 0.98 0.78 0.55 0.76 0.89 0.57 0.91 0.73 0.43 0.68 0.87 0.89 0.99 0.96 平均值问题： 1.计算温度计B在800℃时的修正值，写出计算过程. 2. 计算平均值和，并将数据填入表格.(在答题卡上填写)
3. 根据核查数据绘制S型热电偶标准装置的期间核查曲线.(在答题卡上绘制) 4. 判断核查结果是否合格，并说明理由. 答: 1.共6次测量,=0.522℃,=0.663℃,=0.756℃,=0.707℃, =0.863℃,=0.810℃ =(0.552+0.663+0.756+0.707+0.863+0.810)/6=0.720℃, 参考值为800.2℃,所以=0.720-0.2=0.520℃,所以温度计B在800℃时的修正值为-0.52℃. 2. 序号123456 测量日期 xx.01.10 xx.0 3.07 xx.05.06 xx.07.08 xx.09.07 xx. 11.05 测得值 (tB-tA)℃ 0.63 0.61 0.78 0.93 0.82 0.98 0.68 0.62 0.67 0.68 0.78 0.87 0.57 0.68 0.69 0.59 0.90 0.77 0.51 0.57 0.89 0.67 0.85 0.81 0.62 0.73 0.76 0.71 0.78 0.72 0.42 0.69 0.59 0.73 0.83 0.79 0.47 0.61 0.69 0.62 0.79 0.69 0.34 0.68 0.73 0.68 0.98 0.78 0.55 0.76 0.89 0.57 0.91 0.73 0.43 0.68 0.87 0.89 0.99 0.96 平均值800.522800.663800.756800.707800.863800.810 / 0.141 0.09 30.053 3. 示值 800.863800.8℃800.756800.810800.522800.663800.707 参考值800.2℃ 时间7 99.6℃
2014年一级建造师考试《项目管理知识》真题及答案解析 一、单项选择题（给出的选项中，只有1个最符合题意。每选正确1题，得1分，满分70分） 1.关于关键工作和关键线路的说法正确的是（）。 A.关键线路上的工作全部是关键工作 B.关键工作不能再非关键线路上 C.关键线路上部允许出现虚工作 D.关键线路上的工作总时差均为零 【答案】A 【解析】选项B非关键线路上也有可能有关键工作；选项C关键线路上允许有虚工作；选项D应为“总时差为0的工作为关键工作”。参见教材P152。 2.在FIDIC系列合同中，《EPC交钥匙项目合同条件》的合同计价采用（）。 A.固定单价 B.变动单价 C.固定总价 D.变动总价 【答案】C 【解析】《EPC交钥匙项目合同条件》适用于在交钥匙的基础上进行的工程项目的设计和施工，承包商要负责所有的设计、采购和建造工作，在交钥匙时，要提供一个设置配备完整、可以投产运行的项目。合同计价采用固定总价方式，只有在某些特定风险出现时才调整价格。参见教材P352。 3.某双代号网络图如下图所示，存在的错误是（）。 A.工作代号相同 B.出现无箭头连线 C.出现无箭头节点箭头 D.出现多个起点节点 【答案】A 【解析】工作①-②，用两条箭线表示是错误的，在双代号网络图中每一项工作都必须用一条箭线和两个代号表示。参见教材P129。 4.项目投资的动态控制中，相对于工程合同价，可作为投资计划值的是（）。 A.工程支付款 B.工程结算 C.工程预算 D.项目估算 【答案】C
【解析】进行项目的估算、概算、预算、标底、合同价、投资使用计划和实际投资的动态比较（如概算和预算的比较、概算和标底的比较、概算和合同价的比较、预算和合同价的比较等），并形成各种比较报表。参见教材P370。 5.建设行政主管部门市场诚信信息平台上良好行为记录信息的公布期限一般为（）。 A.1个月 B.6个月 C.1年 D.3年 【答案】D 【解析】良好行为记录信息公布期限一般为3年。参见教材P335。 6.根据《建设项目工程总承包合同示范文本（试行）》（GF-2011-0216），发包人的义务是（）。 A.组织竣工验收 B.提交临时占地资料 C.提供设计审查所需的资料 D.办理性项目备案手续 【答案】D 【解析】发包人的主要义务和权利如下：负责办理项目的审批、核准或备案手续。参见教材P300。 7.下列施工作业质量控制点中，属于“待检点”的是（） A.隐蔽工程 B.重要部位 C.特种作业 D.专门工艺 【答案】A 8.根据《建设工程施工质量验收统一标准》（GB30300-2013），分项工程的质量验收由（）主持进行 A.监理工程师 B.总监理工程师 C.项目经理 D.建设单位项目负责人 【答案】A 9.根据物资采购管理程序，物资采购首先应（）。 A.进行采购策划，编制采购计划 B.明确采购产品或服务的基本要求 C.进行市场调查，选择合格的产品供应单位 D.采用招标或协商等方式确定供应单位 【答案】B 【解析】采购管理应遵循下列程序：（1）明确采购产品或服务的基本要求、
2014年深圳中考数学试题及答案解析 一、选择题 1、9的相反数（） A：-9 B：9 C：±9 D：1/9 答案：A 解析：考点：相反数，有理数的概念中考常规必考，多第一题。 2、下列图形中是轴对称图形但不是中心对称图形的是（） 答案：B 解析：考点：轴对称和中心对称。中考常规必考。 3、支付宝与”快的打车”联合推出优惠，”快的打车”一夜之间红遍大江南北，据统计，2014年”快的打车”账户流水总金额达到47.3亿元，47.3亿元用科学计数法表示为（）A：4.73×108 B: 4.73×109 C：4.73×1010 D：4.73×1011 答案：B 解析：考点：科学计数法。中考常规必考。 4、由几个大小相同的正方形组成的几何图形如图所示，则它的俯视图为（） A B C D 答案：A 解析：考点：三视图 5、在-2，1，2，1，4，6中正确的是（） A：平均数3 B:众数是-2 C：中位数是1 D：极差为8 答案：D 解析：考点：数据的代表。 极差：最大值－最小值。6-（-2）=8。
平均数：（-2+1+2+1+4+6）÷6=2。 众数：1。中位数：先由小到大排列：-2,1，1,2,4,6，中间两位为1和2，则中位数计算为：（1 +2）÷2=1.5. 6、已知函数y=ax+b经过（1,3）（0，-2），求a-b=（） A：-1 B：-3 C:3 D:7 答案：D 解析：考点：待定系数法求函数解析式。代入（1,3），（0,-2）到函数解析式y=ax+b得，a+b=3, b=-2，则a=5,b=-2，a-b=7 7、.下列方程中没有实数根的是（） A、x2+4x=10 B、3x2+8x-3=0 C、x2-2x+3=0 D、(x-2)(x-3)=12 答案：C 考点：判根公式的考察：△=b2-4ac。C项中△＜0，无实数根。 8、如图，△ABC和△DEF中，AB=DE, ∠B=∠DEF，添加下列哪一个条件无法证明△ABC≌△DEF （） A、AB∥DE B、∠A=∠D C、AC=DF D、∠ACB=∠F 答案：C 考点：三角形全等的条件：SSS、SAS、AAS、ASA、HL。C项成立则为SSA，非三角形全等的判定方法。 9、袋子里有四个球，标有2,3,4,5，先抽取一个并记住，放回，然后在抽取一个，问抽取的两个数字之和大于6的概率是（） A 1/2 B 7/12 C 5/8 D 3/4 答案：C 解析：二组变量的概率计算。方法：列表法，树状图。总情况16种，大于6的情况有：2（5）；3（4、5）；4（3、4、5）；5（2、3、4、5）共10种，10/16=5/8. 10、小明去爬山，在山角看山顶的角度为30°，小明在坡比为5:12的山坡上走1300米后看山顶的角度为60°，求山高（） A 600-250 √3 B 600-250√3 C 350+350√3 D 500√3 答案：B
2016年造价工程师《案例分析》真题及答案 试题一：（20分） 某企业拟于某城市新建一个工业项目，该项目可行性研究相关基础数据下: 1.拟建项目占地面积30亩，建筑面积11000㎡。其项目设计标准、规模与该企业2年前在另一城市修建的同类项目相同。已建同类项目的单位建筑工程费用为1600元/㎡，建筑工程的综合用工量为4.5工日/㎡，综合工日单价为80元/工日，建筑工程费用中的材料费占比为50%，机械使用费占比为8%，考虑地区和交易时间差异，拟建项目的综合工日单价为100元/工日，材料费修正系数为1.1，机械使用费的修正系数为1.05，人材机以外的其它费用修正系数为1.08. 根据市场询价，该拟建项目设备投资估算为2000万元，设备安装工程费用为设备投资的15%。项目土地相关费用按20万元/亩计算，除土地外的工程建设其他费用为项目建安工程费用的15%，项目的基本预备费率为5%，不考虑价差预备费。 2.项目建设期1年，运营期10年，建设投资全部形成固定资产。固定资产使用年限为10年，残值率为5%，直线法折旧。 3.项目运营期第1年投入自有资金200万元作为运营期的流动资金。 4.项目正常年份年销售收入为1560万元，营业税金及附加税率为6%，项目正常年份年经营成本为400万元。项目运营期第1年产量为设计产量的85%，运营期第2年及以后各年均达到设计产量。运营期第1年的销售收入、经营成本均为正常年份的85%，企业所得税税率为25%。 问题： 1.列式计算拟建项目的建设投资。 2.若该项目的建设投资为5500万元，建筑投资来源为自有资金和贷款，贷款为3000万元，贷款年利率为7.2%（按月计息），约定的还款方式为运营期前5年等额还本，利息照付方式。分期列式计算项目运营期第1年，第2年的总成本费用和净利润以及运营期第2年年末的项目累计盈余资金，（不考虑企业公积金，公益金提取及投资者股利分配）（计算结果保留两位小数） 参考答案： 问题1：
2014年真题解析 —、单项选择题（共20题，每题1分。每题的备选项中，只有1个最符合题意） 1.某受压细长杆件，两端铰支，其临界力为50kN，若将杆件支座形式改为两端固定，其临界力应为（）kN。 A.50 B.100 C.150 D.200 『正确答案』D 『答案解析』本题考查的是临界力的计算。两端固定时L0=O.5L；两端铰支时，L0=L，然后依据公式计算得出答案。参见教材P3。 2.预应力混凝土构件的混凝土最低强度等级不应低于（）。 A.C30 B.C35 C.C40 D.C45 『正确答案』C 『答案解析』本题考查的是混凝土结构耐久性的要求。预应力混凝土构件的混凝土最低强度等级不应低于C40。参见教材P5。 3.某受均布荷载作用的简支梁，受力见图示意如下，其剪力图形状为（）。 『正确答案』D 『答案解析』本题考查的是简支梁的剪力图，本题是课本上的原题。参见教材P10。 4.关于钢筋混凝土框架结构震害严重程度的说法，错误的是（）。 A.柱的震害重于梁 B.角柱的震害重于内柱 C.短柱的震害重于一般柱 D.柱底的震害重于柱顶 『正确答案』D 『答案解析』本题考查的是抗震构造措施。柱顶的震害重于柱底。震害调查表明，框架结构震害的严重部位多发生在框架梁柱节点和填充墙处；一般是柱的震害重于梁，柱顶的震害重于柱底，角柱的震害重于内柱，短柱的震害重于一般柱。参见教材P33。 5.下列水泥品种中，其水化热最大的是（）。 A.普通水泥 B.硅酸盐水泥
C.矿渣水泥 D.粉煤灰水泥 『正确答案』B 『答案解析』本题考查的是常用水泥的特性及应用。常用水泥中硅酸盐水泥的水化热最大。参见教材P44。 6.在混凝土配合比设计时，影响混凝土拌合物和易性最主要的因素是（）。 A.砂率 B.单位体积用水量 C.拌合方式 D.温度 『正确答案』B 『答案解析』本题考查的是混凝土的技术性能。单位体积用水量决定水泥浆的数量和稠度，它是影响混凝土和易性的最主要因素。参见教材P53。 7.关于高聚物改性沥青防水卷材的说法，错误的是（）。 A.SBS卷材尤其适用于较低气温环境的建筑防水 B.APP卷材尤其适用于较高气温环境的建筑防水 C.采用冷粘法铺贴时，施工环境温度不应低于0℃ D.采用热熔法铺粘时，施工环境温度不应低于-10℃ 『正确答案』C 『答案解析』本题考查的是卷材防水层施工。高聚物改性沥青防水卷材采用冷粘法铺贴时，施工环境温度不应低于5℃。参见教材P148。 8.对施工控制网为方格网形式的建筑场地，最方便的平面点位放线测量方法是（）。 A.直角坐标法 B.极坐标法 C.角度前方交会法 D.距离交会法 『正确答案』A 『答案解析』本题考查的是施工测量的方法。当建筑场地的施工控制网为方格网或轴线形式时，采用直角坐标法放线最为方便。参见教材P92。 9.关于岩土工程性能的说法，正确的是（） A.内摩擦角不是土体的抗剪强度指标 B.土体的抗剪强度指标包含有内摩擦力和内聚力 C.在土方填筑时，常以土的天然密度控制土的夯实标准 D.土的天然含水量对土体边坡稳定没有影响 『正确答案』B 『答案解析』本题考查的是岩土的工程性能。土抗剪强度：是指土体抵抗剪切破坏的极限强度，包括内摩擦力和内聚力。抗剪强度可通过剪切试验测定。参见教材P96。 10.下列桩基施工工艺中，不需要泥浆护壁的是（）。 A.冲击钻成孔灌注桩 B.回转钻成孔灌注桩 C.潜水电钻成孔灌注桩 D.钻孔压浆灌注桩