高一下学期英语期末复习资料
unit1 模块三
第一部分重点词汇讲解
Welcome to the unit
1.the world of our senses
sense:
n.（1）感官，感觉
She has a good sense of smell. 她有良好的嗅觉。
（2）（对某物的）感觉
I had the sense that he was lying. 我有种感觉，他在说谎。
【拓展】
common sense 常识
a sense of achievement 成就感 a sense of humor 幽默感
make sense 有意义，讲的通His argument doesn?t make sense. 他的论点没有意义。
make sense of 理解，了解Can you make sense of the difficult article? 你能理解这篇较难的文章吗？
v. 感觉到
sense sth. / that
sense danger感觉到危险
I sensed that he was lying. 我感觉到他在说谎。
Reading
1.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.
truth: n. 真实，事实to tell you the truth 说实话
true: adj. 正确的，真正的Finally my dream has come true. 最终我的梦想实现了
truly: adv. 真实地，真正地
2.As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she sensed that she was being watched by a tall
man in a dark coat.
observe: vt.
(1) 观察observe sth./sb.; observe that
The teacher observed that some students were asleep. 老师发现一些学生睡着了。
observe (see, watch, notice) sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事（强调过程，动作的结果）
sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事（强调动作正在进行）
(2) 遵守（规则、法令等）
Everyone should observe the traffic rules. 每个人都应遵守交通规则。
(3) 庆祝
How will you observe your birthday? 你将如何庆祝你的生日？
observer: n. 观察者
observation: n. 观察，观察力
3.While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her.
rest: n.
(1)the rest剩余的人，物
Take what you want and throw the rest away. 拿走你需要的，然后把剩余的扔掉。
the rest 作主语时，谓语动词由of 后的名词单、复数决定
The rest of his life was spent in prison. 他的余生在狱中度过。
The rest of the books are on the shelf. 剩余的那些书在架子上。
(2)休息have a rest 休息一下
adj. 剩余的
glance: vi.
glance at 看一眼，瞥一眼
The man glanced nervously at his watch. 男子紧张地瞥了一眼他的手表。
【辨析】
glance at 很快地看一眼，瞥一眼
glare at 怒视
stare at 凝视，盯着看
n. give/take/have a glance at (朝……)一瞥
4.When Polly got to the station entrance, it was deserted.
deserted: adj. 被离弃的，废弃的，荒芜的 a deserted island 一个荒芜的岛
desert: vt. 抛弃，遗弃All his friends have deserted him. 所有的朋友都遗弃了他。
desert: n. 沙漠
5.There was no one in sight.
sight: n. 视力，视觉
in sight 看得见The train is still in sight. 火车还在视线范围内。
out of sight 看不见
catch / get / have sight of 看到，发现
at the sight of sth. 一看见
They ran away at the sight of the police. 他们一看见警察就跑了。
near-sighted, short-sighted 近视眼的
6.Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her face and she heard a man?s voice in her ear saying …Sorry.?
rough: adj.
粗糙的：a rough hand 一双粗糙的手
大致的：a rough idea 大致的想法
艰难的：a rough life 艰难的生活
7.Now she wanted to run, but fear held her still.
fear: n. 害怕，担心
for fear of …因为怕，以免
She asked us not to be noisy for fear of waking the baby. 她让我们不要吵，以免吵醒婴儿。
v. 害怕，担心
I fear that he will get ill. 我担心他会生病。
fearful: adj. 可怕的，害怕的
8. A few seconds later, a hand reached out and touched her arm.
reach out: 伸出
reach out (one?s ha nd) for sth.: 伸出手拿某物
The beggar reached out for money. 乞丐伸手要钱。
【拓展】
out of (one?s) reach 够不着，触不到
The banana was out of the monkey’s reach. 猴子够不着香蕉
9.He held her hand more firmly.
firmly: adv. 牢牢地，坚定地
The director politely but firmly refused the invitation. 主管礼貌但坚定地拒绝了邀请。
firm: adj. 坚定的，牢牢的 a firm believer 坚定的相信者
firm: n. 公司the advertising firm 广告公司the law firm律师事务所
10. You see, a fog this bad is rare.
rare: adj. 稀有的
This species of plant is becoming increasingly rare. 这个植物种类正在变得日渐稀有。
rarely: adv. 很少地，罕有地
Rarely have I seen her get so angry. 我很少见她变得这么生气。
11.I was frozen with fear for a moment.
freeze: vi. (~, froze, frozen) 冻结，冻僵，呆住
The lake has frozen overnight. 湖一夜之间就冻住了。
on a freezing cold day 在刺骨寒冷的一天
She froze at the sight of the snake. 她看到蛇呆住了。
12.You took my hand and led me confidently through the foggy streets to my house.
confident: adj. 自信的
be confident about / of sth. 对……有自信
confidently: adv. 自信地
confidence: n. 自信心
Grammar and usage
1.reduce: v. 减少，降低，减缓
reduce pain/ costs/ speed: 减轻痛苦、降低价格、减慢速度
The price has been reduced to 50 yuan. 价格被降到50元。
by 50 yuan. 价格被降了50元。
【反义词】increase v. 增加
2.volunteer: n. 志愿者
v. 志愿做，自愿做
volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事
Many volunteers volunteered to help the old in their town. 许多志愿者自愿帮助镇上的老人。
volunteer for sth. 志愿为某事（出力）
voluntary: adj. 志愿的
voluntarily: adv. 志愿地
3.be related to: 与……有关
= be linked to/with
Wealth is seldom related to happiness. 财富很少和快乐联系起来。
relative: adj. 相对的n. 亲戚
relation: n . 关系，联系
4.add: v. 增加
add sth. to sth. 把……加到……上
Would you like to add more sugar to your coffee? 你想要给你的咖啡再加点糖吗？
add to 增添
The news added to our worries. 这个消息增加了我们的担忧。
add up 加起来
add up to 总计
The cost of the trip added up to 2000 yuan. 旅行的费用总计2000元。
5.ache: n. 疼痛 a stomach ache 胃痛
vi. ache for sth. 渴望某物ache to do sth. 渴望做某事
6.can?t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事
On seeing such a funny thing, I can’t help laughing.一看到如此有趣的东西，我就忍不住笑了起来。
can?t help do sth. 不能帮助做某事
I can’t help do the work because I have no time. 我不能帮忙做这个工作，因为我没时间。
Project
1.chance n. 机会，可能性，机率
He valued the chance to go abroad. 他很珍惜出国的机会。
have a fair chance of (doing) sth. 有很大的可能性做某事
small / slim 有很小的可能性做某事
There is a chance that it will rain today. 有可能今天要下雨。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/b62896976.html,tter: adj. 后来的
He was happy in the latter years of his life. 晚年他很开心。
the latter 后者the former 前者
3.likely: adj. 可能的
He is likely to come.
= It is likely that he will come.
可以说It is likely/probable/ possible to do sth/that…
但只能说sb. is likely to do sth.
4. distance: n. 距离
in the distance 在远处
at a distance 隔一段距离
within walking distance 很近
distant: adj. 遥远的
5. avoid: vt. 逃避，避免
avoid accidents 避免事故
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
I can’t avoid making mistakes. 我不能避免犯错。
第二部分语法
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性that-从句
1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语。
主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck.他还活着全靠运气。
宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
近来谁也没有见过他，这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。
形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。
if, whether引导的名词从句
1）yes-no型疑问从句
从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no 型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同。例如：
主语：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。
宾语：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。
表语：The point is whether we should lend him the money. 问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。
同位语：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他们调查他是否值得信赖。
形容词宾语：She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来。
介词宾语：I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。
2）选择性疑问从句
选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…or not构成。例如：
Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。
I don't care whether you like the plan or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。
Unit2
第一部分重点词汇讲解
Reading
1. throughout
prep.遍及；贯穿；在……的各个部分
The disease spread throughout the country. 这种疾病蔓延全国。
It rained throughout the night. 雨下了一整夜。
adv.到处；自始至终
The building is painted green throughout. 这栋建筑物彻底漆成绿色。
2. confusing adj. 令人迷惑的，令人不解的
Your explanation is confusing。你的解释令人迷惑。
【拓展】
confuse v. 使迷惑，使困惑
The heavy traffic confused the new driver. 繁忙的交通使司机不知所措。
We tried to confuse the enemy. 我们试图迷惑敌人。
confused adj. 感到迷惑的，感到不解的
I am confused about the problem. 对这个问题，我很困惑。
If the situation is confusing, you will get confused. 如果形势令人困惑，你会被弄糊涂的。
There is a confused look/expression on his face. 他脸上露出迷惑的表情。
3. be made up of 由……组成，可与consist of 互换
The class is made up of 15 girl students and 20 boy students.
= The class consists of 15 girl students and 20 boy students.
注意两者作定语时的区别
a group made up of five doctors and 10 nurses
= a group consisting of five doctors and 10 nurses
【拓展】:
be made of/be made from/be made out of 由……制成
be made into 被制成
make up 组成，编制，弥补，化妆，和解
make for 走向……；有助于……
make out 理解，辨认出
The old building is made of stone. 这幢老房子是由石头建成的。
The wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是由葡萄酿制而成的。
Her dress is made out of her sister’s old dress. 她的衣服是用她姐姐的旧衣服改做的。
She made the material into a dress. 她用这种布料做了一条裙子。
Eleven players make up a football team. 11个队员组成了一个足球队。
Uncle Dick made up an interesting story for the children. 迪克叔叔给孩子们编了一个有趣的故事。
We have to drive fast to make up the time we lost in New York. 我们得开快点以弥补在纽约失去的时间。
The actors were making up when we arrived. 我们到的时候，演员们正在化妆。
He and his wife usually make up their quarrel the same day. 他和妻子吵架通常当天就言归于好。
As soon as it started to rain, we made for home. 天一开始下雨，我们就朝家里走去。
Does early rising make for good health? 早起有助于健康吗？
It was difficult to make out his handwriting. 他的书写很难辨认。
I couldn’t make out what he wanted on earth. 我不明白他到底要什么。
4. create vt. 创造,造成常指利用已有的条件或材料创造出新的事物。
Some people believe that God created the world. 有些人相信上帝创造了世界。
Blue can create a calm feeling. 蓝色能够造成一种冷静的感觉。
【辨析】
invent vt. 发明指通过想象、研究或劳动创造出前所未有的东西，尤指科技上的发明创造。
The Chinese invented the compass. 中国人发明了指南针。
discover vt. 意为（先于他人首次)发现（已经存在的事物）
Recently they have discovered a comet. 最近他们发现了一颗彗星。
【拓展】：
creation n. 创造（不可数），创作的东西（可数）
creative adj. 创作的，创造性的
creative thinking 创造性思维
creativity n. 创造力
creature n. 人，动物
5. pick up 拾起；用车接载（人）；无意地学会(技术、语言、游戏等)；（病后)恢复健康、体力等；(在广播、电视里)收听、收看到；加快速度）
She picked up the book and gave it to him. 她捡起了书给他。
Pick me up at the hotel. 在宾馆接我。
He picked up French while he was staying in Paris. 他在巴黎时学会了法语。
He picked up gradually after a long illness. 他久病后逐渐康复了。
I was able to pick you up on the short wave radio. 我能用短波收音机收听到你的信号。
The car picked up speed quickly. 小车很快加速了。
6. contribute to 致使；有助于
The driver’s carelessness contributed to the accident. 司机的疏忽导致了事故的发生。
Exercise contributes to better health. 锻炼能促成更强健的体魄。
【拓展】
contribute捐助；贡献；投稿等，常和to连用
We contributed food and clothing to the poor. 我们捐助了食物和衣物救济贫民。
He has contributed (articles) to the magazine for several years. 他为这家杂志撰稿好几年了。contribution n. 可构成词组make a contribution
They made a great contribution to the development of our society.
他们为我们社会的发展做出了巨大的贡献。
7. take control of 控制，取得对……的控制
It's no easy task to take control of a class of young children.
管住一个班的小孩子可不是件容易的事。
【拓展】
have/hold control of/over 控制着
in control (of) 控制着，出于统治地位
lose control of 失去对……的控制
out of control 失去控制，无法控制
under control （被）控制住
8. rule v. 统治
Today, most kings and queens rule (their countries) only in a formal way, without real power.
当今大部分的国王和王后只是象征性地统治（他们的国家），没有实权。
rule也可做名词，意为“统治”，常构成词组under one’s rule 或under the rule of sb.意为“在某人的统治之下”
Under the queen’s rule/the rule of Elizabeth I, Britain became the number one power of the world. 在那位女王/伊丽莎白一世的统治下，英国成为世界第一大国。
9. replace vt. 替换，代替，取代相当于词组take the place of。常构成词组replace A with B, 意为用B代替A。
Tourism has replaced heavy industry as the city’s main source of income.
= Tourism has taken the place of heavy industry as the city’s main source of income.
旅游业已经取代重工业成为这座城市的主要收入来源。
Today many high schools have replaced blackboards with whiteboards.
今天许多中学用白色书写板取代了黑板。
10. adopt vt. 采用，收养
Different ways of English teaching should be adopted. 应该采用不同的英语教学方式。
Mr and Mrs Smith adopted an orphan. 史密斯夫妇收养了一个孤儿。
adopt的常用名词形式为adoption, 意为“应用；收养”
11. include vt. 包括，强调包罗并使之成为一部分
The price includes both house and furniture. 这个价格包括房子及家具的价格。
常用including和included引出一解释性短语，including位于该短语前，included位于该短语后。
They will send you the book for $3, postage included.
他们将把这本书寄给你，包括邮资共三美元。
At least 80 people were injured, including five policemen.
至少有80人受伤，包括5个警察。
【辨析】
contain意思是“包含，容纳”，侧重于容器中“装有，含有”
How much oil can the bottle contain? 这只瓶子能装多少油?
Apples contain water and sugar. 苹果含有水和糖分。
12. pronunciation n.发音（法），语音
a word with two pronunciations 有两种发音的单词
You pronunciation is very good. 你的发音很好。
pronounce vt. 发音，读音；正式宣布（或公布）
How do you pronounce your surname? 你的姓怎么读?
She examined the product and pronounced herself pleased with their work.
她检查了产品，宣布对他们的工作很满意。
13. depend on 取决于；依靠，信赖。其中on可用upon替换。
We might need more cars, depending on/upon the number of people gathering here.
我们也许需要更多的车辆，这要看有多少人聚集到这里。
You can depend on him, for he is a man of his word.
你可以信赖他，因为他是个守信用的人。
【拓展】
dependent adj. 依赖的；受……影响的
independent adj. 独立的
dependence n. 依靠
independence n. 独立
He gradually becomes dependent on alcohol. 他渐渐对酒精产生了依赖。
You should learn to be independent of your parents. 你应该学着不要依赖父母。
Our relationship is based on mutual dependence. 我们的关系建立在相互依存的基础上。
India gained independence for Britain in 1947. 印度于1947年脱离英国获得独立。
Grammar and usage
1. promise v. 许诺，答应。后面接直接宾语再接不定式，从句，名词代词或不接直接宾语。
Dad promised (me) to buy me a laptop, but he broke his own word.
爸爸答应过（我）要给我买个笔记本电脑，但是他失信了。
The student promised (the librarian) that all books would be returned by Friday.
那个学生答应（图书管理员）在周五之前归还所有的书。
He promised his wife a coat for her birthday. 他答应他的妻子买件外套作为生日礼物。
“She’s not coming tonight.”“But she promised!”“她今晚不会来了。”“但是她答应过的！”
promise作动词还表示“有希望……，可能会（有）”
These discussions promise future storm. 这些争论有可能引起今后的风波。
promise 还可以作名词，意为“诺言,许诺”
If you make a promise, you must keep it. 假如你做出了许诺，就必须做到。
2. disagree vi. 意见不一，分歧。反义词：agree 名词：disagreement
常构成的词组有：
disagree with sb. 与某人意见不一
disagree about/over/on sth. 在某事上意见不一
I disagree with you on this point. 我不同意你的意见。
disagree 还可以表示“不一致，不符”
The two reports disagree (with each other). 这两份报告（相互）不一致。
disagree 还可表示“不适宜”，常构成词组disagree with sb. 意为“（食物等）对某人不适宜，使某人不舒服”Fried foods disagree with me. 油炸食物对我不适合。
3. care about 关注，关心；在意，担心
He cares a lot about his younger brother. 他非常关心自己的弟弟。
I don’t care about what you think about me; I haven’t done anything wrong.
我并不在意你怎样看我；我没有做任何错事。
【辨析】care about & care for
care for 表示“非常喜欢；照顾，照料”
He cares for her, no matter what she does. 不管她做什么，他都深爱着她。
Nurses care for the patients in the hospital. 在医院里护士照顾病人。
4. ban vt. 禁止，取缔。过去式和过去分词都为banned.
Swimming in this river is banned. 禁止在此河中游泳。
ban sb. from doing sth. 意为“禁止某人做某事”
The government needs to do something to ban people from advertising illegal things on the Internet. 政府应该采取措施禁止人们在网上做广告宣传违法物品。
ban也可做可数名词，意为“禁令，禁止”，表示“对……的禁令”时常用a ban on …的结构。
There is a ban on smoking in this school. 这所学校禁止抽烟。
5. spread n.vt&vi 传播
The spread of AIDS in the last few years has been alarming.
过去几年里艾滋病的传播令人惊慌。
I will tell you a secret, but you must promise not to spread it around.
我要告诉你一个秘密，但是你必须保证不会将它四处传播。
The disease spread quickly. 这种疾病很快地传播开来。
6. access vt. 接近，使用
You can access the loft by a ladder. 你可以爬梯子上阁楼。
access 也可做名词，意为“接近的机会，享用权；通道，通路”
Citizens may have free access to the library. 市民可以免费使用这个图书馆。
The only access to the town is across the bridge. 到镇上唯一的通路是经过一座桥。
Project
1. differ vi. 相异，有区别
differ from…= be different from…与……不同
His views differ from those of his parents.
= His views are different from those of his parents.
他的观点和他父母的观点不同。
A and
B differ (from each other) A和B彼此有差异
French and English differ greatly (from each other). 法语和英语（彼此）差异很大。
differ with sb. about/on/over sth. 与某人在某事上意见不一致
He differs with me about/on/over when to go for a picnic.
在何时去野餐这件事情上，他与我的意见向左。
2. represent vt. 代表，象征
The headmaster could not go to the meeting, so Mr Smith represented him.
校长不能去开会，因此史密斯代表他去参加了。
The rose represents England. 玫瑰花是英格兰的象徵。
represent sb./sth. as…意为“把某人/某物描述成……”
The king is represented as a villain in the play. 在这出剧中把国王刻画成一个反面人物。
3. combine v. 组合，（使）联合，（使）结合
combine …together 把……结合起来
None of us has much money, so let’s combine what we’ve got together.
我们任何人的钱都不多，所以我们把钱凑一起吧。
combine A with B 把A与B结合起来
If we can combine theory with practice, it will be better.
要是我们能把理论与实践相结合，那就更好了。
combination n. 结合,联合
4. as a whole 作为整体，总体上
The project will be beneficial to our city and to our country as a whole.
这项工程对我们的城市和整个国家都有益。
【辨析】
on the whole 大体上，总的看来，相当于in general
On the whole/In general, I think your questionnaire is well designed.
总的说来，我觉得你的问卷设计得不错。
5. turn into (使) 变成，也可用turn to
Water turns into/to ice when the temperature is below freezing.
当气温低于零度，水就变成冰。
Heat turns ice into/to steam. 高温把冰变成蒸汽。
【拓展】
turn away 转身不看，不理睬；撵走，把……拒之门外
turn out 关掉；结果是(to be/that)
turn up 开大；出现，露面
turn down 调小，放低；拒不接受turn over 移交，交给；翻(页)；翻身；翻到turn in 交（上去）
turn to 找（某人寻求帮助等）
turn off 关掉（灯等）
turn on 开（灯等）
6. reflect vt. 反映；反射；表明
The sunlight was reflected in the water. 日光由水面反射出来。
His actions reflect his thoughts. 他的行动反映出他的思想。
The statistics reflect a change in people’s travelling habits.
这些数据显示了人们出行习惯的改变。
7. symbol n. 符号；象征
"H2O" is the symbol for water. 是水的化学符号。
The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。
8. indicate vt. 显示，表示；象征，暗示
Research indicates that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.
研究表明，男人比女人更容易戒烟。
Cattle lying down indicate rain. 牛躺下预示有雨。
第二部分语法
1. 疑问词引导的名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中能担任主语，表语，宾语，同位语，介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中的句法功能，名词性从句又可以分为主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。本单元主要介绍由疑问词引导的名词性从句。疑问词有两类，即疑问代词(what, whatever, which, whichever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose) 和疑问副词(when, where, how, why)。疑问代词通常在从句中作主语，表语和宾语。疑问副词则通常在从句中作状语（时间状语，地点状语，方式状语或原因状语）。请看如下例句，并试着分析作引导词的疑问词在从句中所担任的成分。What he said at the meeting confused everyone present.
(作引导词的疑问代词在主语从句中作宾语)
The little boy ate whatever his mother gave him. (作引导词的疑问代词在宾语从句中作宾语)
Please give some suggestion which book I should choose among these.
(作引导词的疑问代词在同位语从句中作定语)
The problem is who/whom I should turn to for help.
(作引导词的疑问代词在表语从句中作宾语)
Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
(作引导词的疑问代词在主语从句中作主语)
When we will go skating is up to you to make a decision.
(作引导词的疑问副词在主语从句中作时间状语)
I insisted upon an answer to my question why he had done it.
(作引导词的疑问副词在同位语从句中作原因状语)
There is a doubt how they managed to travel to the moon.
(作引导词的疑问副词在同位语从句中作方式状语)
运用名词性从句时的注意点：
1) 关于that的省略
一般情况下，宾语从句中的that是可以省略的。但在下列几种情况下，that一般不可省略。
①介词后面的that不能省。
Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless.彼得是好学生，只是有时粗心。
②并列连词and连接两个或两个以上宾语从句，第二个及以后的宾语从句中的that不省略。
My uncle says (that) he has served here for twenty years and that he is going to retire next month. 我叔叔说他在这儿工作已二十年了，下个月即将退休。
③主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。
He said that, if he could manage it, he would come for dinner.
他说，如果他安排得好的话，他会来吃晚饭的。
④宾语从句中有其他从属连词时，that不能省略。
He told me that if it was necessary they would work all night.
他告诉我，如果需要的话，他们就干个通宵。
2) 名词性从句的词序
名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：
He asked me what was the matter with me.
We?ve heard the news that we?ll move into the new house.
Whatever you say will interest us all.
3) whether和if的用法
①whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：
It all depends on whether they will come back. 一切都取决于他们是否会来。
②后面直接跟or not 时用whether。如：
I didn?t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.我不知道他是否已经到达武汉了。
③主语从句，表语从句中只能用whether。如：
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
会议是否会被推迟还没有被决定。
The question is whether they have so much money.
问题在于他们是否有很多钱。
④whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if不能。如：
We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.
我们应当认真讨论是否能做此事这个问题。
⑤whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。如：The question of whether they are male or female is not important.
他们是男性还是女性不重要。
I have not decided whether to go or not. 我还没有决定是否要去。
4) 疑问代词+ ever和no matter + 疑问代词的区别。
①疑问代词+ ever可引导名词性从句，在从句中要充当一定的部分。如：
Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. (在主语从句中作主语)
任何违反规定的人必须受罚。
You can choose whatever you like in the shop. (在宾语从句中作宾语)
你可以在商店中选择你喜欢的任何东西。
②疑问词+ ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：
Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished. 无论谁违反规定，都必须受罚。
Whatever you do, you must do it well. 不管你做什么，你必须把它做好。
③no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：
No matter what you do, you must do it well. 不管你做什么，你必须把它做好。
No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. 无论谁违反规定，都必须受罚。
5) 名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致
①宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：
Hello, I didn?t know you we re in London. How long have you been here?
喂，我不知道你在伦敦。你在这里多久了？
The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.
老师告诉我们光以非常快的速度传播。
②主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.
会议何时开始还没有决定。
When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.
他们何时出发以及去何处还没有决定。
When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.
会议何时何地开始还没有决定。
6)含有宾语从句复合句的反意疑问句
①反意疑问句一般与主句一致。
He said they were going to help me, didn't he？他说过他们要帮我，不是吗？
She told you that the mat was her own work, didn't she?
她告诉过你这个垫子是她亲自做的，是吗？
②当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, consider, imagine, suppose, hope 等词时，反意疑问句应与宾语从句保持一致。这时特别要注意否定转移的问题。
I suppose you're serious, aren't you? 我想你是当真的，不是吗？(不可用don't I)
I don't suppose he's serious, is he? 我想他不是当真的，是吗？(不可用do I)
提示：
如果主语是第二、第三人称，则疑问句部分与主句一致，且不存在否定转移的问题。
You don't think we can speak English, do you? 你认为我们不会说英语，对吗？
He thinks he's got the right answer, doesn't he? 他认为自己找到了正确的答案，是吗？
7) because, why引导的表语从句
That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。（That's because … 强调原因）
That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。（That's why… 强调结果）
注意: what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，一般不宜用because。
The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me. 我难过的原因是他没有理解我。
What cost him his life was that he was too careless. 使他丧命的原因是他太粗心了。
2. 形式主语it
1) 代主语从句。如：
It is possible that he has stolen the car.很可能他偷了小车。
Isn?t it strange that he should not have passed the test? 他测试没有通过，难道不奇怪吗？
注意：if引导主语从句时，只能用it作形式主语，放在句首，而将if引导的主语从句放到句末。如：
It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他是否去北京还不敢肯定。
2) 代不定式短语作主语。如：
It was his duty to attend to the matter. 处理这件事是他的责任。
It is impossible to finish the work on time. 准时完成工作是不可能的。
3) 代动名词。如：
It’s no good sitting up too late. 熬夜没有好处。
It?s no use saying anything more about it. 再说这件事没用。
It is useless crying over the spilt milk. 覆水难收。
4) 用作形式主语的的重要句型
①It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……
It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。
It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。
【说明】介词of 与for 的区别是：of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等，介词for表示对象，意为“对……来说”
②It takes sb + 时间段+ to do sth. 某人做某事花了……时间
It takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。
【说明】此句型可以有以下多变种变体：
It took me an hour to write the letter. =The letter took me an hour (to write). =I took an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。
③It is up to sb. to do sth. 该由某人做某事
It?s up to you to to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。
④it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that [as if]… 似乎……
It seemed as if he didn?t recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。
It happened that I was out when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧不在家。
⑤If it were not for… / If it hadn?t been for… 若不是因为……
If it were not for their help, we couldn?t have got over the difficulties.
要不是他们帮助，这些困难我们不克服不了的。
⑥It + be + 过去分词+ that ….
该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.
It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. 据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。
It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.
大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。
It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.
据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。
⑦若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。
Does it matter much that they won?t come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很重要吗？
Is it true that he will go abroad next week? 他下周出国是真的吗？
Unit3
第一部分重点词汇讲解
1.destroy (destroyed, destroyed)
v. 破坏
注意该词与ruin, damage 等词的区别：
destroy: 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。
ruin: 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性;也可用于引申意义, 如ruin one?s future, ruin one?s career。该词做名词时，注意下列搭配：fall into ruin (崩溃)，be in ruins (在废墟中) damage: 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果, 但仍可修复。可用作名词,常用词组do/cause damage to。
例如：
(1)The building was completely destroyed by the fire. 大火完全毁掉了这幢大楼。
(2)The repairman tried to repair the car which was damaged in an accident.
修理工试图修复在事故中被损坏的车子。
(3)The earthquake did a lot of damage to the city. 地震对城市造成了巨大的损失。
（4）It rained for 3 days, which ruined my holiday. 雨下了三天，把我的假期毁掉了
2. remains
（1）n. 剩余物
She fed the remains of her dinner to the cat. 她用剩余的饭菜喂猫。
同时，该词还能表示“遗址”和“遗体”。例如：
The archeologist discovered the remains of an ancient culture. 考古学家发现了一处古文明遗址。
His remains were buried in Westminster. 他的遗体被安放在威斯敏斯特大教堂。
应注意该词为复数形式，类似的词还有：ruins (废墟，遗址)，goods (货物) ，riches, （财富），arms (武器)，fireworks (烟火), wages（工资），sweets（糖果），crossroads（十字路口）等。
（2）vi. 遗留、继续存在
Few villages remained after the flood.洪水过后，几乎没有村庄剩下。
After the fire, very little remained of the temple. 火灾过后，寺庙所剩无几。
remain 为系动词，后接名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等。
He remained the leader after the election. 选举过后，他仍是领导。
The place remain s warm all winter. 这个地方整个冬天都很温暖。
He remained sitting in the classroom after the examination. 考试后，他仍然坐在教室里。
也可表示留待以后去看、去做、去说等。
Much remains to be done.还有很多事要做。
It remains to be seen whether the decision is right or not.
该决定正确与否有待将来见分晓。
3．condition
（1）该词为不可数名词时，意思为“状况，状态”。如：
be in good/ poor condition 处于好的/坏的状态
be out of condition 健康/状况不好
辨析：state 、condition、situation
state指“人或物存在或所处的某一种状态”，必须与a连用。试比较：
在冬天恶劣的天气下，路况很差。
The roads are in a terrible state after the severe winter weather.
The roads are in terrible condition after the severe winter weather.
situation: 境况；情势；情景
It is important for us to use a word or phrase according to the situation in language studies. 在语
言学习中，我们应根据情境使用单词或词组。
He was in a dangerous situation. 他处于危险的形势中。
（2）该词为可数名词时，意思为“条件”。如：
Ability and effort are conditions of success. 才能和努力是成功的条件。
（3）当该词为复数形式时，指（居住、工作或做事情的）环境、境况、条件。如：
living/housing/working conditions 生活/住房/工作条件
He was brought in /under difficult conditions. 他是在极其困难的情况下被养大的。
词组搭配：
（1）on condition that 在…条件下（=only if/ so long as）
They agreed to lend us the money on condition that we pay it back within one month.
他们同意借钱给我们，只要我们一个月内还。
（2）on /under no condition 无论如何都不，决不（= in no case/by no menans）
Under no condition can we break the law. 我们决不能触犯法律。
4．concerned
(1)adj.意思为“忧虑的，担心的”，常与介词about、for搭配使用。如：
Concerned parents held a meeting about the children?s education.
忧心忡忡的家长们就孩子们的教育问题开了会。
The mother is concerned about her child?s health. 母亲很担忧她小孩的健康。
(2) concern 用作动词，表示“影响、涉及；关于；使担忧；感兴趣”。
常用结构：be concerned with “关于”; as /so far as …concerned “就……而言; concern oneself with/about sth.“忙于，关心”。例如：
The book concerns the discovery of a lost civilization. 这本书与发现失落的文明有关。
This novel is concerned with energy crisis. 这本小说与能源危机有关。
As far as I am concerned, I share the view of the second group.
就我而言,我同意第二种人的观点。
He never concerns himself with housework. 他从来都不做家务。
(3) concern 也可用做名词，意为“担忧，关心的事，重要的事”。如：
We have to pay attention to the public concern about corruption.
我们不得不注意到公众对于腐败现象的关注。
The president expressed his concern for the economic crisis.
总统表达了他对此次经济危机的关注。
（4）concerning 为介词，“关于、涉及”（=regarding）。如：
All books concerning the Internet were sold out. 所有关于网络的书都卖光了。
5．sink
(1) vi. 意思为“下沉, 下降”。过去式、过去动词为sank, sunk。例如：
The ship sank to the bottom of the ocean. 船沉到大洋底部。
She sank into the armchair. 她陷在单座沙发里。
The sun was sinking in the west. 太阳西坠。
My heart sank when I heard the terrible news. 当我听到这个可怕的消息时，心里陡然一沉。
（2）n. 指（厨房里的）洗涤池，洗碗槽。
Don?t just leave your dirty plated in the sink. 别把脏盘子往洗碗池里一放就了事。
6．influence
（1）vt. “影响”。例如：
Can the planets influence human character, as astrologers claim? 行星能象占星家所宣称那样对人的性格有所影响吗？
注意与affect的区别：
influence指在人们的思想、行为等方面产生间接的、潜移默化的影响。如：
Probably we influenced each other. 也许我们影响了彼此。
affect的影响则比较直接，常指对他人情感上的影响，有时也表示“对……产生不利影响”。如：The terrible news didn?t affect her at all. 这个可怕的消息并没有影响她。
The economic crisis has seriously affected German exports. 经济危机已严重影响了德国的出口。
（2）n.
The moon has an influence on animal behavior. 月亮能够影响动物的行为。
注意下列搭配：
exercise / have an influence (effect) on/over…对……有影响力
under the influence of sb. / under one?s influence 在某人的影响下
7. declare
(1) vt.“宣布、宣告、声明”，后接名词或从句。
The next day, US President Franklin Roosevelt declared war against Japan.
第二天，罗斯福总统宣布对日作战。
The Chinese government declared a ban on plastic bags. 中国政府宣布禁止使用塑料带。
The suspect declared that he was innocent. 该嫌疑犯声称自己是清白的。
(2)也可接复合宾语结构，宾语补足语可由形容词、不定式、分词等充当。如：
The suspect declared himself innocent. 该嫌疑犯声称自己是清白的。
They declared his story to be true. 他们声称他们的故事是真的。
The teacher declared Mike chosen. 老师宣布迈克被选上了。
(3)注意declare和announce的区别
declare : 用于正式场合，指“正式宣布”，“郑重宣布”。
announce：用于普通场合，指“宣布”，“使……公开”，“在无线电、电视上主持介绍”。
They announced their engagement to the family. 他们向家里宣布订婚。
The captain announced that the plane would take off. 机长宣布飞机即将起飞。
8．bury
vt.“埋葬”。
The workers were buried alive when the earthquake happened. 地震爆发时，工人被活埋了。
She buried her face in her hands and wept. 她掩面而哭。
be buried in/ bury oneself in 埋头于，专心致志于，类似意义有be lost in, be absorbed in 等。
He buried himself in the books. 他埋头读书。
9. drive (drove, driven)
vt. 迫使某人（生气、发疯等）
It drives me angry to think that the keys were in my pocket all along.
drive sb. to do sth.驱使或迫使某人做某事
The greedy boss drove the workers to work all night long.贪婪的老板驱使工人整晚都工作。
迫使某物移动或进入某位置；打、敲、戳等
To mend a broken chair, he drove a nail into wood. 为了修椅子，他把钉子敲进木头里。
10. feed (fed, fed)
vt. 为……提供食物；养活
He has a large family to feed. 他有一大家子要养活。
feed sth. to sb. 把……喂给……
/ feed sb. with sth. 用……喂……
你可以用这根骨头来喂狗。
You can feed this bone to the dog.
You can feed the dog with this bone.
feed on 以……为主食
The cow feeds on hay. 奶牛以草为主食。
11. take over
(1)接管，接收，接任(take sth. over from sb.)
He expects to take over the business when his father retires.
他希望他父亲退休时，由他接管生意。
比较：He expects that his father will hand over the business to him.
他希望父亲能把企业传给他掌管。
Would you like me to take over the driving for a while?
你愿意让我接替你开会车吗？
(2) 拓展：
take in 吸收，欺骗
Don?t be taken in by his promises for he never realizes them.
不要被他的承诺欺骗，他从来都不兑现。
They often drive to the countryside to take in the fresh air there.
他们经常开车到乡村吸收新鲜空气。
take on 雇佣，呈现，承担
China has taken on a new loo k since its reform 自改革以来，中国呈现出新的面貌。
I feel honored to take on the role as a volunteer. 能担任志愿者的工作，我感到很荣幸。
The supermarket took on extra workers during vacations. 超市在节假日雇佣更多的工人。
take off 起飞，脱下（衣帽），事业腾飞
His career has taken off since he got the first gold medal.
自他得到第一块金牌后，他的事业就开始腾飞了。
take up 占据，从事，开始
After retirement my grandfather took up photography as a hobby.
退休后，我爷爷喜欢上了摄影。
The huge bed took up half of the room’s space.
床占了房间一半的空间。
take down 记下，取下
The students took down what the teacher said in class. 学生们记下了老师所说的话。
take back 收回（所说的话），退回（某物）
If you refuse to take back what you said, I will never forgive you.
如果你不收回你所说的话，我定不原谅你。
take after 相像
In looks she takes after her father. 他在相貌上和他父亲长得很像。
12.carry out 实施
He failed to carry out his promise. 他未能实现他的承诺。
Once a decision is reached, it must be firmly carried out.
决定一旦做出，就应被坚决实施。
Our manager must be happy if he sees this plan carried out.
看到这个项目可以实施,经理一定会很开心的。
拓展：
carry on 进行
They carry on a conversation in English every day. 他们每天用英语进行对话。
We will carry on as arranged and they can do their worst.
我们还按我们的计划行事,他们爱使坏就随便他们吧。
carry away 使失去理智，使人迷住
He was carried away by emotion. 他被感情支配失去了理智。
carry through 进行到底
His faith and courage carried him through.他的信心和勇气让他度过了难关。13．in memory of 纪念
He wrote a poem in memory of his dead wife. 他为亡妻写了一首诗，以示纪念。
归纳类似结构短语：
in hope of 满怀希望
in search of 搜寻
in honor of 为了纪念
in need of 需要
in place of 代替
in favor of 支持
14．in use正在使用中
The old dictionary is no longer in use.这本老字典已经不用了。
拓展：
out of use 不再使用
come into use 使用起来
When did the word “net” come into use? 单词”net”什么时候开始使用的?
(be) of use
These maps may be of great use to you on your trip.
这些地图可能对你旅行很有帮助。
make use of 利用
Make full use every chance you have to practice English.
好好利用你拥有的每个机会练习英语.
It?s no use doing sth.
It?s no use crying over split milk. = There is no point in crying over spilt milk.
对着打翻的牛奶哭泣是没用的。(覆水难收)
归纳类似结构：
in danger 在危险中
in debt 负债
in trouble 在困境中
in secret 秘密地
in silence 悄悄地
in public公开地
15．in return 作为报答（常作状语）
I wish I could do something for you in return. 我希望能为你做点事以示报答。
in return for
I gave her a present in return for her kindness to us. 我送她礼物作为对她好心的报答。
16. be /go on board 在船上、飞机上
Have the passengers gone on board yet? 旅客已经登机了吗？
第二部分语法
宾语补足语
在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其它的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。
比如说：
I'm going to paint it pink.
句子中的it显然是宾语。但是主语将要做的并不是it，而是paint it pink。pink 是句子中的宾语补足语。它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说从逻辑上来讲，是执行了paint的动作。
句子中的pink是形容词做宾语补足语。能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副词，介宾短语等。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。
比如：
I find learning English difficult. (difficult是形容词做宾补）
I saw the kite up and down. （up and down是副词做宾补）
Tom made the girl cry. (cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式）
*常跟复合宾语的动词有：call, name, make, think, find, leave, keep, nominate (任命),choose, elect (选举), define (定义), regard, see, recognize, treat, take, consider, look up, refer to, accept, acknowledge, describe, depict (描述), represent (表现出), declare (宣称), denounce, employ (雇佣), use, show, organize, express
主谓一致
主谓一致是指：
1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，
一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
There is much water in the thermos.
但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.
Large quantities of water are needed.
In western countries, mountains of rubbish are thrown away each day.
并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
Reading and writing are very important.
注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.
典型例题
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is
B. was
C. are
D. were
答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好像是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
主谓一致中的靠近原则
1) 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
2）当either… or…与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。Either you or she is to go. Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.
谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
He as well as I wants to go boating.
谓语需用单数
1）代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
《天方夜谭》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
3）表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可，意思不变）。
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
指代意义决定谓语的单复数
1）在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。All is right. (一切顺利。) All are present. (所有人都到齐了。)
2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。
His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。
Are there any police around?
3）有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。A number of +名词复数+复数动词。The number of +名词复数+单数动词。
A number of books have lent out. The majority of the students like English.
高一下学期英语期末复习资料 unit1 模块三 第一部分重点词汇讲解 Welcome to the unit 1.the world of our senses sense: n.（1）感官，感觉 She has a good sense of smell. 她有良好的嗅觉。 （2）（对某物的）感觉 I had the sense that he was lying. 我有种感觉，他在说谎。 【拓展】 common sense 常识 a sense of achievement 成就感 a sense of humor 幽默感 make sense 有意义，讲的通His argument doesn’t make sense. 他的论点没有意义。 make sense of 理解，了解Can you make sense of the difficult article? 你能理解这篇较难的文章吗？ v. 感觉到 sense sth. / that sense danger感觉到危险 I sensed that he was lying. 我感觉到他在说谎。 Reading 1.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. truth: n. 真实，事实to tell you the truth 说实话 true: adj. 正确的，真正的Finally my dream has come true. 最终我的梦想实现了 truly: adv. 真实地，真正地 2.As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat. observe: vt. (1) 观察observe sth./sb.; observe that The teacher observed that some students were asleep. 老师发现一些学生睡着了。 observe (see, watch, notice) sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事（强调过程，动作的结果） sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事（强调动作正在进行） (2) 遵守（规则、法令等） Everyone should observe the traffic rules. 每个人都应遵守交通规则。 (3) 庆祝 How will you observe your birthday? 你将如何庆祝你的生日？ observer: n. 观察者 observation: n. 观察，观察力 3.While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. rest: n. (1)the rest剩余的人，物 Take what you want and throw the rest away. 拿走你需要的，然后把剩余的扔掉。 the rest 作主语时，谓语动词由of 后的名词单、复数决定 The rest of his life was spent in prison. 他的余生在狱中度过。
高二试卷 第一节：单项填空 1. I won’t go there. It’s late now. __________, it is raining so hard. A. That’s B. What’s more C. However D. So 2. After ______quick dinner, Stephanie likes to play ________ guitar for a while in the garden. A. a。 a B. a。 the C. the。 a D。不填。the 3.It is suggested that another school___________ in our city. A. should build B. be set up C. will be set up D. will build 4.You can never imagine what great trouble we have ______the matter. A. taken to deal with B. taken dealing with C. took to deal with D. taking dealing with 5.Though he had felt that English was difficult to learn, he never _______, and finally he succeeded. A. gave up B. gave in C. gave out D. both A and B 6. ______ is certain is ______ the mystery of Stonehenge has never been fully explained. A. It, that B. What, what C. It, what D. What, that 7. Professor Zhang gave all the textbooks to all the pupils, except ___ who had already taken them. A. these B. ones C. the ones D. the others 8.My father always tells me that as long as I work hard my wish to be a scientist will surely ______. A. come about B. happen C. take place D. come true 9.Because of the hard work of the farmers the desert finally ______ rich farmland. A. changed B. turned C. turned into D. turned to 10.In the north people sometimes tie straw ropes (草绳> round the trees in winter to ______ them from the cold. A. stop B. prevent C. save D. protect 11.He paid thirty yuan to post the moon cake, not ______ the charge (费用> for the container. A. keeping B. taking C. including D. containing 12. --_______ will you leave for Hawaii? --In around two weeks. I am waiting for my passport. A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. When 13. ------What about going out for a walk after supper? -------______. Walking after meals is good for health. A. I co uldn’t agree more. B. I’m afraid not. C. I believe not. D. I don’t think so 14. The driver was about to drive to cross the street _________ the red light turned on. A. as B. when C. before D. while
腾飞教育网 高一牛津英语下学期 Module 2 The natural world Unit 4 Creatures large and small New words and expressions: 1. shelter n. 庇护所，避难所，庇护，隐蔽处，掩蔽 vt. 庇护，保护，隐匿 vi. 躲避 We took shelter from the storm in a department store. We sheltered under a tree until the shower passed. 2. survive vi. 幸存，活下来 These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions. vt. 比…活得长，经历…之后还存在 Most parents expect that their children will survive them.
腾飞教育网Did anyone survive the explosion The house survived the storm. 经过暴风雨袭击, 这所房屋并未倒塌。 3. emerge e- out 出来，外 + merge 没入水里 vi. 出现；显出；暴露 The ship emerged from behind the fog. 船从雾里露了出来。 He merged from the accident unharmed. 4. bored adj. 感到厌烦的；无聊的 Be bored with 对…感到厌烦 boredom n. 无聊；厌烦；枯燥 5. elastic adj. 有弹力的，有弹性的 Rubber is elastic. adj. 可伸缩的，灵活的 Our plans are fairly elastic. n. 松紧带，橡皮圈 The elastic in my clothes has gone. 6. treat n./v. 招待，款待；治疗；处理 treat...as 作为…对待
高一下学期期末考试英语试题 一、听力 第一节（共5小题） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who is the man talking about now? A. His girlfriend. B. His sister. C. His mother. 2. What are they talking about? A. A traffic accident. B. A fire. C. A crime. 3. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At a bookshop. B. At a kitchen. C. At a bank. 4. Who was injured? A. George. B. George's wife. C. George's wife's father. 5. What do we learn from the conversation? A. Tony could not continue the experiment. B. Tony finished the experiment last night. C. Tony will go on with his experiment. 第二节（共15小题） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. Where does this conversation most likely take place? A. In the street. B. At the woman's home. C. Over the phone. 7. What is the woman going to do tonight? A. Help her sister with English. B. Meet her friend at the station. C. Go to an exhibition with her parents. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. When will the football competition end? A. On August 17.
高一年级英语试题 试卷说明：本套试卷总分120 分，考试时间100 分钟。第Ⅰ卷（选择题共70分） 第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分） 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分 ) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A 、B、 C 和 D) 中 ,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该 选项涂黑． A Our eating habits are very important for good health. There are times when most of us would rather eat sweets and ice-cream than meat and rice. Sweets and ice-cream are not bad for the stomach if we eat them at the end of a meal. But if we eat them before a meal, they may take away our appetite( 胃口 ). It is important for us to eat our meals at the same time every day. When we feel hungry, it is said that our body needs food. When we feel angry or excited, we may not want to eat. A long time ago, in England, some judges used to decide whether a person was telling the truth by giving him some dry bread. If the person could swallow the bread, it was a sign that he was telling the truth. Though this seems rather strange and foolish, it is indeed an excellent way of finding out the truth. A man worrying about something has much difficulty in swallowing anything dry because he is worrying and he loses his appetite and does not want to eat. 1.We should develop good eating habits because we all want to ______. A. be happy B. be well-off C. be healthy D. eat more 2.It will be a good habit to eat ice-cream ______. A. before the meal B. during the meal C. after the meal D. at the regular time each day 3.It is necessary and important for us to form the habit of having our meals ______. A. at any time every day B. at the regular time each day C. when we finish our work and study D. whenever the meal is ready 4.According to the judges in old England, if a person was not telling a lie, he could ______. A. drink a great deal of water B. swallow dry bread easily and quickly C. hardly eat dry bread D. eat nothing https://www.doczj.com/doc/b62896976.html,ually a person who gets angry has ______. A. a big appetite B. a strong desire to drink water C. to drink some cold water D. a poor appetite B
高一年级周周练英语试卷 （1） 本试卷分第 I 卷（选择题）和第 填涂在答题卡的相应位置上，第 II 卷（非选择题）两卷，满分 120 分，考试时间 90 分钟。第 I 卷将正确的选项 II 卷直接做在 II 卷上。 第 I 卷（选择题，共 85 分） ．单项填空 : （25 分） 1. He is not easy to get along with, but the friendship of his, _____ , will last forever. A. once gained B. to be gained C. after gained D. while gained 2. — Your dog is having a bath again! --- Well, we don 't care if our dog smells _______ , but we really don 't want him to smell ______ A. bad; bad B. badly, bad C. bad, badly D. badly, badly 3. ______ , I watched an ____ hors e race yesterday. That ' s why I was absent from work. A. Telling you the truth, excited B. Telling you the truth, exciting C. To tell you the truth, excited D. To tell you the truth, exciting 4. I tried all I could do ____ the topic at the meeting, but failed. A. avoid mentioning B. to avoid mentioning C. avoiding to mention D. avoiding mentioning 5.In my opinion, what he told us just now about the matter doesn ' t make any _______ . A. meaning B. idea C. sense D. point 6.The boss will _______ right away. Give him the report the moment you see him. A. very likely to come B. much likely to come C. most likely come D. greatly likely coming 7.She can ' t help _______ the house because shbeusy making 'a csake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned 8. _________________________________________ T he murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back. A. be tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 9. He dived _____ into the river to save the girl and I was _____ moved by his deed. A. deep, deep B. deep, deeply C. deeply, deep D. deeply, deeply 10. _______ --- ____________________________________________________ is the distance from there to the beach? --- Not far, ____________________________________________________ . A. How far; in walking distance B. How far, within walking distance C. What, during walking distance D. What, within walking distance 11. Nowhere else in the world ____ cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong. A. a tourist can find B. can a tourist find C. a tourist will find D. a tourist has found 12. Project Hope aims at helping the poor children in remote areas to ____ education. A. keep B. accept C. help D. receive 13. ___________ A sheep ______________________________________________ on this kind of special grass usually grows much faster than _____________________________________________ on ordinary. A. feeding; one B. feeds; the one C. fed; that D. feeding; it 14. As we have known from the map of the world, this is ____ . 18． ______ I will accept the gift is none of your business A ．If B ．Whether C ．What 19． ______ I have will be yours sooner or later 15. If you go for a long ride in a friend 's car, it 's the custom to offer to A. pay B. pay off C. pay for D. pay back 16． The fact _ _____ he is an orphan is well known ． A ． what B ． that C ． which D ．/ some of the expenses. C ． That happened D ． It was happened that D ．Which A. twice as large an island as that B. twice as larger as that island C. as twice as that one D. twice as a large island as that 17． _______ I was free that evening A ． It happened to B ． It happened that
高一英语期末考试单词拼写复习讲义（M3） M3U1 1. I am very g______ to my friend Jack, for his encouragement and relief when I am disappointed. 2. Only when you o______ the social rules can the society function well. 3. On the bus, he g______ at the headlines of the newspaper quickly to find if there was anything he might be interested in. 4. We shouldn’t look down upon those people with physical d____________. 5. W__________ he goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see him. 6. The guests p__________ and screamed when the bomb exploded. 7. “I’m sure we’ll find it.” He said __________ (抱有希望；怀有信心) 8. Every student in our school __________ (自愿做) to donate their books and money to the Yunnan earthquake stricken area years ago. 9. All a__________ to the city were blocked. 10. I chose the white dress from so many beautiful ones without __________ (犹豫，迟疑). 11. Tom had an accident. Luckily, two strangers came to his a__________. 12. The little boy fell, but he wasn’t hurt. His mother looked at him in r__________. 13. We’d better have the new data __________ (分析) immediately. 14. C_________ to our expectations, he is likely to drop out of the race. 15. Some people think English is difficult to learn, because there are many c__________ rules. 16. According to the weather f______, the high temperatures will last for a short period of time. 17. Three soldiers had a n______ escape in the fierce battle. 18. His achievements in science are r______ all over the world. 19. He was all wet with s______ after his exercise. 20. Costs have been r______ by 20% over the past year. 21. She felt that a man was following her in the d______.
高一上期末复习 1. The foreigner are used to _____ chopsticks _____ now . A. use; eating B. used; eat C. using; eating D. using; to eat 2. All the students wanted to see _____ on the ground . A. what the matter was B.what was the matter C. what’ s the ma tter D. what the matter is 3. _____ we are having ! A. How fun B. How funny C. What fun D. What a great fun 4. Can you make sure _____ the gold ring? A. where Alice has put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice had put D. where has Alice put 5. No one can be sure _____ in a million years . A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 6. He asked _____ for the violin . A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 7. It is a pity that he should not know the answer _____ . I have told him about it twice . A. in all B. at all C. after all D. above all 8. It’s the ability to do the job _____ matters , not where you come from or wh at you are . A. one B. that C. what D. who 9.The boy is hard____, for he likes running about and won’t stop a bit. A. to take care B. to be taken care of C. taking care of D. to take care of 10. Many people agree that _____ knowledge of English is a must in _____ international trade today . A. a ; B. the ; an C. the ; the D. ; the 11. I know nothing about the young lady _____ she is from Beijing . A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides 12. If we work with a strong will , we can overcome any difficulty , _____ great it is . A. what B. how C. however D. whatever 13. How did it _____ that he fell off the tree and broke his legs？ A. come out B. come about C. come across D. come up 14. He is afraid to face the difficulty he thinks he’ll have ____ the driving test tomorrow; he finds it difficult ____ rid of the worries . A. passed ; got B. passing ; to get C. to pass ; getting D. in passing ; in getting 15. Every possible means _____ but no one knows which is suitable . A. has discussed B. have been discussed C. has been discussed D. were discussed
高一牛津英语期末写作复习 书面表达（一） 假定你是李华，现就读于华阳一中。你校大门口有一条街，两边是商店、饭店，每当上下班时他们总是占路摆摊，影响交通和环境。请你用英语给CHINA DAILY写封信，反映这一情况。 1?书信应包括表中全部内容，可适当增加细节使行文流畅、连贯; 2?字数：100-120 ；3?参考词汇：小摊stall Dear Edior, Yours sincerely Li Hua
书面表达（二） 根据以下要点，以“ WATER ”为题，写一篇120 字左右的短文。 1．水的重要性，人们的生活离不开水。 2．水资源越来越缺乏（请列举原因，如人口增长、水资源遭到污染等） 3 .我们必须.... WATER
书面表达（三）假如你是学生会主席，请根据下面提示，用英语写一则关于秋游的通知。参加者：高一学生 活动内容：1、去博物馆看题为《人与自然》的展览； 2、参观南京植物园 集合地点：学校大门前 集合时间：1、9月25日上午乘车前往； 2、早上7 点集合，7 点20 分出发。 注意事项：1、参观展览时保持安静，并认真做笔记，准备回来后讨论； 2、在植物园野餐，要自带午餐和饮料； 3、参加者在本周四前到学生会报名。 注意：1、通知必须包括表格内的全部信息，可适当调整顺序或增加细节，使其连贯、完整。2、词数100 左右 3、通知时间：9 月20 日 4、参考词汇：植物园the botanical garden 报名sign up 学生会the Students ' Union
书面表达（四） 小伟减肥以后，感到身体疲倦、虚弱，不知如何是好，于是他写了一封电子邮件向健康专家求教。请根据下面内容，以小伟的名义写一封邮件。词数100 左右。原因：觉得自己太胖，体重不断增加，担心形象不美，有同学骂他。 过程：1、去健身房，两三次就放弃了，感觉太累也没时间。 2、节食，坚持了大约一个星期，经常饿得不能继续他的学习。 3、悄悄服用减肥药，一开始有效果，体重迅速下降，但减肥药对他产生副作用。
2016-2017学年第一学期高一年级期末考试 英语试卷 （考试时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 第I卷(共90分) 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。 1. What's the weather like tomorrow? A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 2. What does the man mean? A. He can't help the women. B. He'll pick the woman up. C. He'll go to the engineering building 3. When will the two speakers go on the field trip? A. One Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Friday. 4. What time is it now? A. 7:35. B. 7:40. C. 8:00. 5. Where does the man plan to go? A. France. B. Australia. C. Korea. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 请听下面5短对话或独白，选出最佳选项。 请听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. Who will send the file? A. Sam. B. Lucy. C. Carol. 7. Where is the woman? A. At the airport. B. In the office. C. In the hotel. 请听第7段材料，回答8、9题。 8. Why didn't the man go out last night? A. His car broke down. B. He couldn't use his car. C. He didn't feel like going out. 9. What is the woman's plan for next week? A. To watch a volley game. B. To have her car repaired. C. To get a new car. 请听第8段材料，回答10至12题。 10. Which item is the most expensive? A. The belt. B. The wallet. C. The tie. 11. What doesn't the woman like about the wallet? A. The design. B. The price. C. The color. 12. How much will the woman pay for the gift? A. $15.00. B. $19.99. C. $35.99. 请听第9段材料，回答13至16题。
高一牛津英语下学期 Module 2 The natural world Unit 4 Creatures large and small New words and expressions: 1. shelter n. 庇护所，避难所，庇护，隐蔽处，掩蔽 vt. 庇护，保护，隐匿 vi. 躲避 We took shelter from the storm in a department store. We sheltered under a tree until the shower passed. 2. survive vi. 幸存，活下来 These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions. vt. 比…活得长，经历…之后还存在 Most parents expect that their children will survive them. Did anyone survive the explosion? The house survived the storm. 经过暴风雨袭击, 这所房屋并未倒塌。 3. emerge e- out 出来，外 + merge 没入水里 vi. 出现；显出；暴露 The ship emerged from behind the fog. 船从雾里露了出来。 He merged from the accident unharmed. 4. bored adj. 感到厌烦的；无聊的 Be bored with 对…感到厌烦 boredom n. 无聊；厌烦；枯燥 5. elastic adj. 有弹力的，有弹性的 Rubber is elastic. adj. 可伸缩的，灵活的 Our plans are fairly elastic. n. 松紧带，橡皮圈 The elastic in my clothes has gone. 6. treat n./v. 招待，款待；治疗；处理
牛津英语高一下学期知识点总复习归纳(译林牛津版高一英 语下册教案教学设计)_3321 牛津英语高一下学期知识点总复习归纳(译林牛津版高一英语下册教案教学设计) 1(I am sure David will be able to find the library-----he has a pretty good ________of direction. A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense 2. National day is _______by seven days of holiday in our country. A. congratulated B. observed C. held D. cheered 3. ________him and then try to copy what he does. A. Mind B. Glance at C. Stare at D. Watch 4. The storm stopped but the waves were still______ the shore. A. striking B. hitting C. beating D. knocking 5. We all ______you good luck in the coming examination. A. hope B. expect C. wish D. want 6. Attention, please. And keep _______when I am taking a photograph of you. A. calm B. quiet C. still D. silent 7. --------What do you think of the TV play” The Meteor Garden”? --------I take no interest in it. One of the reason is that such a life is out of our ______. A. mind B. reach C. sight D. point 8. To work honestly________ in the long run.