大连市2011年中考题
一、单选
1. Li Na won the tennis match in France ____ June 4th, 2011.
A. in
B. on
C. at
D. for
2. It‘s too _______ here. Can we open the window?
A. warm
B. cold
C. cool
D. hot
3. British people usually shake hands the first time _______ meet.
A. they
B. you
C. we
D. I
4. My room is small, __________ it is comfortable.
A. and
B. or
C. but
D. so
5. – What‘s the weather like?
- Oh, it ________ outside Take an umbrella with you.
A. rains
B. is raining
C. was raining
D. rained
6. – Did you enjoy the _________?
- Y es, it was delicious.
A. party
B. trip
C. meal
D. movie
7. – I‘ve ______ using plastic bags when shopping.
- Y ou‘re right. It‘s good for our environment.
A. stopped
B. finished
C. started
D. enjoyed
8. People live longer and stay _____ today than they did 50 years ago.
A. health
B. healthier
C. healthiest
D. the healthiest
9. – Mr. Jackson _______ we go rock climbing?
- Y es, but you must use ropes.
A. must
B. should
C. need
D. can
10. – Could you tell me ______ the school leavers‘ party is?
- In the school hall.
A. where
B. when
C. what
D. how
11. There are plenty of books in our library. Y ou can ________ four at a time.
A. own
B. borrow
C. lend
D. carry
12. In America when you‘re given a present, you can open it _____. Y ou don‘t have to wait.
A. immediately
B. properly
C. carefully
D. quietly
13. _______ we are young, we can still do something to help protect the environment.
A. If
B. Since
C. Because
D. Though
14. The cartoon ________, Snoopy, is very popular in China.
A. writer
B. actor
C. character
D. designer
15. They tried several times to _______ the problem, and in the end they succeeded.
A. give up
B. work out
C. look through
D. think of
16. - I‘m going to Sanya for the summer holiday.
- _________!
A. Have a good time
B. Well done
C. Best wishes to you
D. Thanks
a lot
二、完形填空
Life is not easy, so I‘d like to say, ― When anything happens, believe in yourself.‖
When I was a young boy, I was so shy to talk to anyone that my classmates ____17____ laughed at (嘲笑) me. I was sad but could do nothing. Latter ___18_____ happened, and it changed my life. It was an English speech contest (比赛). My ___19___ asked me to take part in it. What a ___20____ idea! It meant I had to speak before all the teachers and students of my school.
― ___21____, boy. Believe in yourself. Y ou are sure to win the contest.‖ Then mother and I talked about many different topics. ___22___ I chose the topic. ― Believe in yourself‖. I tried my best to remember all the speech and practiced it ___23_____ 100 times. With the help of my mother, I did well in the contest. I could hardly believe myself when the __24___ came that I had won the first place. I heard the cheers from the teachers and the students. those classmates who once looked down on me, Now all ___25_____ ― Congratulations!‖ to me. My mother hugged (拥抱) me and cried excitedly.
Since then, everything has changed for me. ___26_____ I do anything, I try to tell myself to be sure and I will find myself. This is not only for a person bust also for a country.
17. A. never B. often C. also D. still
18. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
19. A. father B. teacher C. friend D. mother
20. A. funny B. good C. terrible D. special
21. A. Hurry up B. Come on C. Look out D. Hold on
22. A. At last B. In fact C. At once D. At first
23. A. at B. in C. with D. over
24. A. letter B. topic C. news D. report
25. A. said B. passed C. sent D. gave
26. A. Although B. If C. Because D. When
三、阅读理解
Passage1
My favourite shop is called ? Model World‘. It is on the second floor of Happy Plaza, near to Pizza Club. It is open from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. every day.
? Model World‘ sells all kinds of models. It has model soldiers, cars, boats, airplanes, space shuttles and even dinsaurs. It has models for young children and models for adults (成人). some models have just about twenty pieces, and others have over 2,000pieces. Y ou can also buy paints and glue (胶水) and other things there.
The staff at ? Model World‘ is very nice. They are very interested in making models. They will give you advice, and answer all of your questions. The prices are not low but they are not high. My best buy was a model of a helicopter. It cost $30 but it had over 400 pieces. It was really fun to make. If you are interested in models, you should visit this shop.
27. The model shop closes at ______.
A. 8 a.m.
B. 10 a.m.
C. 8 p.m.
D. 10 p.m.
28. At least how many pieces are needed to make a model?
A. About 20.
B. about 30
C. Over 400
D. Over 2,000
29. The staff in the shop is very _______.
A. experienced
B. helpful
C. young
D. strict
30. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The winter made a helicopter to in the shop
B. The things sold in the shop are very cheap
C. The models in the shop are only for children
D. The writer paid $30 for the model of a helicopter
31. The writer wrote the passage to tell us about _______.
A. his favourite model
B. his favourite shop
C. how to make models
D. why it was fun to make models
Passage 2
Dear Estelle,
I hope you‘re well and not working too hard! I‖ve been revising for my exams now for
The last two weeks. That‖s why I haveen‘t written for such a long time.
Since the beginning of this year we‘ve been doing a project called‘World class‘. Have
Y ou heard of it? Not everyong in the class could take part,but luckily I could. The school chooses A―twin school‖{娣妹学校} in a different area of the world. Our head teacher chose a school in Uganda. They gave us someone to write to from that school. For three months, I ―ve written to a Girl called Louisa, Who is the same age as me.
It‘s been so interesting to hear about her life. She‘s told me all about her school and described her daily{日常的}life. I can‘t believe that her school dosen‘t have any electricity.She gose to school from eight o‘clock in the morning until six o‘clock in the evening. I can‘t believe how lucky we are here! She‘s also told me that me that sha often can‘t go to school because she has to look after her baby brother and sister. She ―s tried to teach me someof her language and it‘s really difficult.
I love it because it‘s the first time I‘ve thought about what life must be like somewhere else.I can‘t believe people miss classes here when everything is so easy for us. I think more people should help out with projects like this.At the weekend we‘re going to have a sports day to help raise mongey to send to the school.Perhaps one day I‘ll be able to go to Uganda and meet Louisa myself-who knows?
Lots of love,
Suzanne
32.Suzanne hasn‘t written to Estelle for long because she is________.
A.travelling in Uganda
B.getting ready for her exams
C.busy doing a project
D.choosing a ?twin school‘
33.Suzanne felt________to take part in the project‘World Class‘.
A.excited
B.surprised
C.thankful
D.lucky
34.Which of the following is TRUE about Louisa‘s school?
A.It is a world class.
B.The school day starts at six o‘clock.
C.It has no electricity.
D.It is smaller than Suzanne‘s school.
35.From the passage we know that________.
A.Louisa live a poor life
B.Louisa has stopped going to school
C.Louisa is older than Suzanne
D.Louisa and Suzanne have the same intereste
36.By doing the project‘World Class‘,Suzanne learns to________.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc2734184.html,municate with others
B.write in a foreign language
C.treasure what she has
D.know the importance of friendship
Passage 3
Learn English in Los Angeles
We provide summer English courses which are the best you can find. Y ou will enjoy coming to Los Angeles to learn about America culture and improve your English at the same time. The courses last for four, six or eight weeks. They start at the beginning of July and August. Our teachers are well –trained and very experienced. They teach English classes for four hours a day. Y ou can choose between small groups of two or three, or largest groups of up to 15. We provide weekly tests to see the progress you‘re making with your language skills of reading, writing , speaking and listening. We also provide books and other materials.
As well as learning English, we want you to experience life in the USA. Y ou live with an American family, and you take part in American life. Y ou have meals with an American family and do some activities with the students which last a long time. Of course, If you prefer, we can arrange hotel accommodation.
Of course, there are many things to do in Los Angeles. Every day we have activities which take place after class. Y ou can choose to take trips to Hollywood, Disneyland or the famous beaches around LA. Y ou can also go to various shopping centers, sports centers, movies and concerts. There are also weekend visits organized to San Francisco and other places of interest in California.
We try to give our students the best possible experience of English and life in the USA. Just ask our students! They say our summer English courses are fantastic!
We hope that you‘ll enjoy a course with us, too. If you‘re interested, please fill in our application from where you will also find our list of prices. The course must be paid for one month before it begins.
37. The shortest summer English courses will last for _______.
A. two weeks
B. four weeks
C. six weeks
D. eight weeks
38. Which of the following is TRUE about the summer English courses?
A. The students have to take an entrance test.
B. Each class has two or three groups of students.
C. All the teachers are young but very experienced.
D. Tests will be provided regularly to see if students have made progress.
39. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Accommodation and food.
B. Why the students enjoy themselves.
C. Sightseeing and other activities after class.
D. The most interesting part of the summer English courses.
40. If you want to take part in the course, you must ______ first.
A. pay for a one-month course
B. fill in the application form
C. choose an American family
D. learn about American culture
41. The passage is a _________.
A. guide to Los Angels
B. description of life in Los Angeles
C. description of an English course
D. newspaper article on language Passage 4
Thomas Edison‘s lab was badly destroyed by fire in December, 1914 __42___.
Much of Edison‘s life‘s work went up in flames(火焰) on that December night. After seeing
the fire, Edison‘s 24-year-old son, Charles looked for his father among the smoke __43_____. Edison‘s face turned red and his white hair blew in the wind.
“I am happy that he is still alive,‖ said Charles. ― He is 67—no longer a young man—and everything is going up in flames. When he was me, he shouted ___44____‖
When Charles told him he didn‘t know, Edison said, ― Find her __45___. She will never see anything like this.‖
The next morning, Edison looked at the damage and said, ― there is great value in disaster(灾难). All our mistakes are burnt. We can start again.‖
Three weeks after the fire, Edison showed his first phonograph(留声机). To invent something, you need a good imagination and a lot of junk.
A. Bring her here.
B. ―Charles, where‘s your mother?‖
C. Edison stayed in the lab.
D. The cost of the damage was over $2 million.
E. ― Do you know who made the fire?‖
F. He finally found him and saw that he was quietly watching the fire.
四、情景交际
A: Hi, Katy speaking.
B: hi, Katy, it‘s Betty. ___46_____
A: Y es, I‘d love to ___47____
B: It‘s about animals in danger and what the government is doing to protect them.
A: ___48___ Do we need to buy tickets in advance(提前)?
B: I‘m not sure.
A: Well, ___49___
B: At five o‘clock. So let‘s meet half an hour earlier to see if there are still tickets left.
A: Ok. ___50__
B: See you.
A. See you then.
B. Enjoy yourself.
C. What is it about?
D. Do you like Beijing Zoo?
E. Oh, that sounds interesting.
F. What time does the film start?
G. Would you like to see a film tonight?
第Ⅱ卷
五、完形填空
A.
A: Y ou look lovely, Lingling!
B: Thanks, you look great, too. That‘s a nice handbag.
A: It‘s my __51___. Are you enjoying the party?
B: Y es, it‘s enjoyable, but I feel a bit sad. I don‘t know when we‘ll be back in this hall all together again. I‘ll miss you, Diana!
A: Oh, I feel just the __52___! We must try to continue our friendship. ___53___ we will no long be at school together.
B: Y es. I wish we weren‘t going to __54___ senior high schools. I feel really story to have to say goodbye to you and all our ___55___ old friends.
A: We‘ll make new ___56___, too, though! But let‘s promise to ___57____. We may not see each other so often, but we can _58___ in the summer vacation.
B: Y es, and think of all the happy times we‘ll have then!
B.填词
There was once a rich man who loved this little boy very much. He wanted to try his best to please (使…高兴) him. So he gave him a horse to ride, beautiful rooms to live in, pictures, books, toys and everything that money ___59___ buy.
But for all this, the little boy was still ___60____. He wore a frown (皱眉) wherever he went, and always wished for something he did not have. The man didn‘t know how to make his son happy.
One day, a magician (魔术师) came to the man and said to him, ― I can make your son happy and turn his frowns into smiles, but you must pay me a great price for ____61___ him the secret.‖― All right,‖ said the man. ― No matter what you ask for, I‘ll give you.‖ The magician took the boy into a secret room. He wrote something on a piece of paper and then gave it to the _62___. There on the paper came the words. ―Do one kind thing for someone every day.‖The boy ___63___ the advice and became one of the happiest boy.
C. 回答问题
After learning about the drought, many people around the country helped by giving water, money and other things.
Last week, every member of the Communist Y outh League （共青团员）and Y oung Pioneers (少先队员) were encouraged to give one bottle of water to the drought –hit areas. Students in primary schools and middle schools quickly joined the activity. In Y uhua Primary School in Xi‘an, 900 students bought over 1,000 bottles of water with their pocket money. They also wrote their wishes on the bottles.
The serious drought has also made students realize the importance of saving water.
Students from Nanshan Middle School in Huizhou in Guangdong went on the street to tell people to take part in water –saving activities.
― I‘ve heard that some children in drought – hit areas don‘t have enough drinking water. They have to drink muddy (含有泥土) water. I feel really sad about that,‖ said one student. ― I decide to take a shower twice a week instead of every day to save water.‖ he said.
64. Why did a serious drought happen in Southwest China?
_______________________________________________________________________________ __________
65. What does the underlined word ― cracked‖ probably mean in Chinese?
_______________________________________________________________________________ __________
66. What did people do after learning about the drought?
_______________________________________________________________________________ __________
67. Is a bottle of water helpful for the people in drought – hit areas?
_______________________________________________________________________________ __________
68. What can you learn from the passage?
_______________________________________________________________________________ __________
六、写
A.句子翻译
69. 王老师，我们可以通过电子邮件把作业发给您吗？
Ms Wang, _________________________________________
70. 我昨天在书店看见你了，你正在和Tom说话。
I saw you in the bookshop yesterday.________________________________
71. 我最喜欢赵敏拍的照片。
_____________________________________________________________
72. 如果糖吃得太多，人就会发胖。
If you eat a lot of sugar, _________________________________________
73. 在阿拉斯加的八月份，晚上可能会凉一些，所以你最好穿些暖和的衣服。
In August it might be cool in the evening in Alaska. So _______________________________________________
B. 书面表达
初中三年感人瞬间
定语从句及连词
as与which均可替代整个主句
在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句. 如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句在主句之前，用as。介词/逗号后, 永远不用that!
关系代词as的考查。关系代词as引导限制性定语从句时既可指人又可指物。它只能替
代由such，the same等修饰的先行词；as引导非限制性定语从句时，可放于句首，句中或置于句尾，而which则只能置于主句之后。但如果定语从句为否定句或表示否定意义，使用which。As引导的定性定语从句有"正如"之意，而which引导的没有。
〖2010全国Ⅰ〗As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_____ is named after his grandfather.
A. which
B. where
C. what
D. that
空格设置在名词school后, 且school后有逗号, 此题考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句所
修饰的先行词是school, 它在定于从句中做主语, 因此使用关系代词, 选项中的关系代词只有which和that, 由于是非限定性定语从句, 不能使用that, 因此选择A。
〖2010四川〗After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling,
turned out to be a wise decision.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. where
此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句, which代替前边整个句子。句意为：―大学毕
业后, 我们休假一段时间去旅游, 这结果证明是一个明智的决定。‖
〖2009山东〗Whenever I met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
A. who
B. which
C. when
D. that
不论何时遇见她, 她总是用甜美的微笑和我打招呼,这是非常经常的事。考查非限制性定语从句, 从句_________ was fairly often插在主句中的时间状语从句后, 关系代词which可代替主句整个句子的意思并在从句中作主语。答案B。
〖2009辽宁〗They‘ve w on their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. which
此处意思是―他们赢得了最后的三场比赛, 我觉得这确实有点让人意外‖, which代替上句―They‘ve won their last three matches‖做find的宾语, 选D。A项不能用于非限制性定语从句
中, B, C此处没有他们的意思。
状语从句及连词
〖2011四川卷〗volleyball is her main focus, she‘s also great at basketball.
A. Since
B. Once
C. Unless
D. While
虽然排球是她的主要项目，但她还擅长篮球。while“虽然，尽管”。答案D。
〖2010全国Ⅰ〗Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal .
A. so that
B. although
C. while
D. as if
so that译为―以便‖表示目的, although译为―尽管, 虽然‖, as if译为―好像‖, while译为―当….的时候‖, 因此while符合句意, 选择C。
〖2009安徽〗—I wonder how much you charge for your services.
—The first two are free the third costs $30.
A. while
B. until
C. when
D. before
while表转折―而, 然而‖。根据句子意思, 前两份免费, 而第三份要$30。
〖2006全国Ⅱ〗We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, , in fact, there were 40.
A.while
B.whether
C.what
D.which
此题考查连词的用法。while在此表示转折, 意为―但是, 而‖。
〖2006天津〗The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, the quality of life is probably one of the highest.
A.since
B.when
C.as
D.while
根据句中among the lowest in Britain和probably one of the highest可知前后的意义存在对
比；while用作连词, 可用于表示对比或相反的情况, ―而；但是‖。
名词性从句
区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。
需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成
份时，指人用指物用不缺意思和成份时用That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。
引导主、宾、表语从句时，what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。
◆____we can‘t get∧ seems better than ____ we have∧.
A. What; what
B. what; that
C. That; that
D. That; what
本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都必须充当成分，所以答案是A。
◆____ ∧caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What
B. That
C. How
D. Where
该题答案是A，what在主语从句中作主语，即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中，that不充当任何成份，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）：
〖2011江西卷〗The villagers have already known we‘ll do is to rebuild the bridge. A．this B．that C．what D．which
考察宾语从句和主语从句。村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。答案：C
〖2011四川卷〗Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.
A. why
B. how
C. what
D. which
in介词后面接宾语从句，且从句中缺do的宾语，故选C项。why、how在句中作状语；which在名词性从句中作定语。选C.
〖2011陕西卷〗I‘d like to start my own business –that‘s I‘d do if I had the money.
A.why
B.when
C.which
D.what
所填词引导的从句位于系动词之后，是表语从句，所填词在从句中做宾语，指物，用what，选D。其余选项与题意不符。
〖2011北京卷〗Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
A. Which
B. What
C. That
D. Whom
考察名词性从句中的主语从句。主语从句中缺少offer的宾语，选择what。
抽象名词前加a／an表具体的人或物。抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，如Failure is the mother of success.
success(抽象名词) → a success(具体化) 成功的人或事
a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事
a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的东西
〖2011山东卷〗Take your time—it‘s just_____short distance from here to_____re staurant.
A.不填；the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D.不填；a
句意为―别急—从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。‖a short distance短距离，是固定搭配的短语；the restaurant指双方都知道的餐馆，故用the特指。答案：B
〖2011浙江卷〗Experts think that ______recently discovered painting may be ______ Picsso.
A.the ;不填
B. a ;the
C. a ; 不填
D. the; a
句意为―专家认为，最近发现的油画可能是毕加索的作品。‖the painting特指最近发现的油画；a Picsso意为a Picsso‘s painting，指毕加索的一件作品，有one的含义。答案：D
〖2010福建〗It‘s for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.
A. 不填, a
B. a, 不填
C. the, a
D. a, the
good feeling并非特指, 故用a；pleasure是抽象名词, 无需冠词。句意为―人们喜欢上海世博会给它们的快乐, 这是（一）种不错的感觉‖ a good feeling , 一种不错的感觉, give sb pleasure。〖答案〗B
(2006全国卷) —Hello，could I speak to Mr．Smith?
A．不填;a B．a；the C. 不填;the D．the；a
题意为：我原先认识一个叫约翰列农的人，不是那个著名的约翰列农。据题意可知叫约翰列农的人很多他只是其中一位，故用a；那位著名的也即是特指的，应用the。
A．不填;a B．a；the C. 不填;the D．the；a
题意为：我原先认识一个叫约翰列农的人，不是那个著名的约翰列农。据题意可知叫约翰列农的人很多他只是其中一位，故用a；那位著名的也即是特指的，应用the。
(2005湖南卷)I can’t remember when exactly the Robinsons left______city．I only
A．the，the B．a，the C．a，a D．the，a
题意为：我记不清罗宾逊一家人何时离开这坐城市了。我只记得是星期一。第一空用the
表示双方都明白的人或物；第二空用a表示不确定的某个周一。【答案】D
〖2010江苏〗The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all
A.不填； a
B. 不填；the
C. the；a
D. the；the
第一空,来自社会各阶层的人. 是不特指,不用冠词. 第二空, 在Jiangsu 前有形容词new 因此,应加冠词a.表示一个全新的江苏.〖答案〗A.
A．the；a B．a;the C．the;the D．a；a
稍稍休息如何?我想打个电话。break相当于rest，make a call相当于call．【答案】D
A．an；the B．／；the C．an；／D．the；a
题意为：我想赶早班车但没能找到到车站去的车。第一空用the表示双方都明白的人或物；第二空用a，get a ride=ride．【答案】D
A. a;the B．a；a C.the；a D．the;the
我喜欢你的衬衫的颜色,与你的短裙极相配。a good match相当于match well. 答案C
〖2010四川〗In most countries, a university degree can give you
A. the; a
B. the; 不填
C.不填; 不填
D.不填; a
most countries此处表泛指, most前不加定冠词the.第二个空处应为―一个高起点的开始‖, 故用a ,正确答案为D。
It：作形式主语和形式宾语
当动词不定式,动名词或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而用it 作句子的形式主语:
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,动名词,宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面,而用it作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前:
注意：see to it that…（务必）和take it for granted that…（想当然）句型中的it，以及词组make it中的it（做事成功，搞定）。
〖2011北京卷〗The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase .
A. them
B. those
C. it
D. that
句意为―由于当地政府的努力，大城市里的就业率持续升高。‖it代指前面交代过的―the employment rate‖，是单数，而them和those是复数。答案：C
〖2011江西卷〗Why don‘t you bring _____ to his attention that you‘re too ill to work on?
A. that
B.it
C.his
D.him
考查代词it作形式宾语的用法。句意为―为什么你不让他注意到你病得太严重了以至于不能工作？‖it作形式宾语，指代句子后面that引导的宾语从句。答案：B
〖2011山东卷〗The two girls are so alike that strangers find __ difficult to tell one from the other.
A. it
B. them
C. her
D. that
句意为―这两个女孩长得很相似，不熟悉的人很难将她俩区分开来。‖it在此句中充当形式宾语，代指―to tell one from the other‖。答案：A
〖2011天津卷〗We feel our duty to make our country a better place.
A. it
B. this
C. that
D. one
句意为―我们觉得将我们的国家变得更好是我们的职责。‖it在此句中充当形式宾语，代指―to make our country a better place‖。答案：A
〖2010全国Ⅱ〗The doctor thought ___________would be good for you to have a holiday.
A. this
B. that
C. one
D. it
It的两个重要用法是作形式主语和形式宾语。本题考查形式宾语, it 在这里代指后面的真正宾语to have a holiday。
one 的用法
◆常用来代替与上文所提到人或物相类似的不确定的另一人或物（泛指），且被替代者为可数名词单数形式。
◆若下文替代者表示非特指含义，则用a/a n—a dj—on e形式表示；若下文替代者为另一特指含义，则用t he on e或th e—a dj—o n e表示；若下文替代时为复数含义，则用th e—a dj—on e s 或t he o n es表示。
〖2011福建卷〗We have various summer camps for your holidays. Y ou can choose ____ based on your own interests.
A. either
B. each
C. one
D. it
句意为―在你们的假期里，我们这儿有各种暑期夏令营，你们可以根据自己的兴趣任选一个。‖one代替单数可数名词，表泛指，相当于―a/an + 单数名词‖。这里泛指某个summer camp 夏令营。答案：C
〖2010山东〗Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age.
A. it
B. that
C. what
D. one
句意应为‖帮助别人是一种习惯, 一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。‖空格处与前句中的habit构成同位关系, 所以选择D项。句中you can learn even at an early age是省略了关系代词that 的定语从句, that在定语从句中作learn的宾语使用。
that的用法
◆t h a t用来指前文中确定的非同一事物，常用来替代与定冠词或形容词性物主代词连用的单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于“th e+名词”，其复数形式为t ho s e。
◆t h a t表替代时为始终是特指（作指示代词和关系代词用时另论），可指上文谈到的人、物或情况（均为单数），可代替可数名词和不可数名词。
◆若t ha t所代替的内容为前置用法，即要代替的内容将出现在下文中，一般用t h i s,th e se或t he f ol lo w i ng表示。
〖2011重庆卷〗——Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.
——What do you think of over there?
A. the one
B. this
C.it
D.that
指示代词that指时间与空间上较远的事物，over there交代了空间上的远距离。this指时间与空间上较近的事物，the one和it都特指前面曾经交代过的事物。答案：D
〖2010陕西〗The cost of renting a house in central Xi‘an is higher than ____ in any other area of
the city.
A. that
B. this
C. it
D. one
所填词用于比较状语从句中, 指代句子的主语cost, 即指代不可数名词, 用that。This指代
―同一物‖；one指代―同类中的一个‖之意。
/名词/形容词搭配
in
要求接in 的名词有：interest、satisfaction、expert等。
〖2007上海〗Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly size and shape.
A.on
B.from
C.by
D.in
differ in在……方面不同；differ from与……不同。〖答案〗D
〖2007湖南〗the silence of the pauses, we could hear each other‘s breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats.
A.In
B.For
C.Under
D.Between
句意为：在停顿的沉默中, 我们能听到对方的呼吸, 甚至能听到我们自己的心跳。Ａ项为―在……中‖；Ｂ项为―因为, 由于‖；Ｃ项为―在……下面‖；Ｄ项为―在……之间‖。
in favor of赞成
〖2011湖北〗When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _________ younger men.
A. in terms of
B. in need of
C. in favor of
D. in praise of
句意为“当被问到对于校长的看法时，许多老师都愿意看到他靠边站为更年轻的人让路。”in terms of就而论；in need of需要；in favor of赞成；in praise of表扬，赞扬。答案：C。
in detail详细地
〖2011江苏〗We‘d better discuss everything _______ before we work out the plan.
A．in detail B．in general C．on purpose D．on time
句意为“我们最好先详细地讨论好一切，然后再制定计划。”in detail详细地；in general 一般而言, 总的来说；on purpose故意地；on time准时。根据句意，先讨论后定计划，选A。
in store贮藏着；储备着
〖2008湖北〗When she first arrived in China, she wondered what the future might have for her, but now all her worries are gone.
A.in need
B.in time
C.in preparation
D.in store
in need需要；in time及时；in preparation准备；in store贮藏着；储备着, 由句意可知D 项正确。
in turn 反过来
〖2007湖北〗People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this creates further problems.
A.in short
B.in case
C.in doubt
D.in turn
A项―简言之‖；B项―以防万一‖；C项―怀疑‖；D项―反过来‖。句意为：人们想开自己的车来避免交通耽搁, 这反过来却导致了进一步的问题。〖答案〗D
in exchange for 作为交换
〖2007山东〗I have offered to paint the house a week‘s accommodation.
A.in exchange for
B.with regard to
C.by means of
D.in place of
in exchange for作为交换；with regard to至于, 关于; by means of通过……的方式；in place of代替。句意为：我提出愿意粉刷房子, 条件是让我免费吃住一周。〖答案〗A
in case万一, 以防
〖2010浙江〗I guess we‘ve already talked about this before but I‘ll ask you again just . A．by nature B．in return C．in case D．by chance
分析四个选项的意思：by nature 天生地；in return作为回报, 作为交换；in case 万一, 以防；by chance偶然地。根据句意：我想我之前已经跟你谈论过这件事, 但是以防万一, 我再问你一次。〖答案〗C
〖2000 NMET〗I don‘t think I‘ll need any money but I‘ll bring some_________.
A. at last
B. in case
C. once again
D. in time
in case的意思是―万一‖。表明说话人带一些钱的目的是以防万一。答案为B。
名词单项选择高频考点
reach 够得着的地方
〖2011四川卷〗）Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children‘s .
A.touch
B.sight
C.reach
D.distance
句意为―时刻记住：这些危险物品，比如刀子，要放在孩子们够不着的地方。‖out of touch 不联系，不接触；out of sight看不见, 在视野之外；out of reach手够不着, 达不到；out o f distance远离=far away。根据前面的交代的危险品，选C。
〖2004天津〗I keep medicines on the top shelf,out of the children‘s______.
A.reach
B.hand
C.hold
D.place
A意思是：够得着的地方；B是：指示, 掌管；C是：控制, 照管；D是：地方。根据句意, 目的是不让孩子们拿着, out of one's reach ―某人够不着的地方‖。所以答案选A。
shape型状
〖2006广东〗Y ou have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of .
A. date
B. shape
C. order
D. balance
out of shape是―变型‖的意思, 根据前面―你坐在我的帽子上‖可判断出帽子是―变型‖了。out of date意为―过时‖, out of order意为―混乱‖, out of balance意为―失衡‖。〖答案〗B
range 范围
〖2001上海〗—Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?
—No,it‘s out of__ ____.
A.range
B.reach
C.control
D.distance
本句的意思是:你能射中树梢上的那只鸟吗?不能,它在射程之外。根据上文中的shot,我们应该选range。out of control意为"失去控制"。〖答案〗A
out of stock“缺货”
〖2011高考英语吴军押题〗We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are out of________.
A. work
B. reach
C. stock
D. practice
out of stock―缺货‖；out of work―失业‖；out of reach―够不到‖；out of practice―荒疏，久不练习‖。
高频答案词
How come?常用于口语，表示惊讶，意为“为什么？怎么搞的？(2011浙江)—— I don't think I'll be able to go mountain-climbing tomorrow.
——______?
A. And how
B. How come
C. How‘s it going
D. How about it
情景对话。难度较小。How come？为什么？
(2006江西)—Michael was late for Mr.Smith‘s oral class this morning.
—? As far as I know，he never came late to class.
A.How come
B.So what
C.Why not
D.What for
How come?常用于口语，表示惊讶，意为―为什么？怎么搞的？‖；So what?意为―那有什么了不起，那又怎样‖；Why not?表示对他人所说的或建议做出肯定反应或表示同意，意为―为
什么不‖；What for?意为―为什么‖。根据答语可知对迈克尔迟到感到很惊讶，故选A How come。
That’s all right= That’s OK不用谢；没关系
（2011山东）-I‘m sorry I broke the vase.
-Oh,_____. It wasn‘t very expensive.
A. you‘d better not
B. I‘m afraid not
C. as you wish
D. that‘s all right
句意：对不起，我打碎了花瓶。--哦，没关系，它不很贵。根据句子情境上下文，用来回答sorry.其他选项不符合英语表达习惯A.―你最好别那样做‖。B―我恐怕不是这样‖C―正如你期待的‖答案D.
（2010天津）Professor Johnson, I‘m afraid I can‘t finish the report within this week.
How about next week?
A. Good for you
B. It won‘t bother me
C. Not at all
D. That‘s OK
句意：—约翰逊教授，恐怕我这周完不成报告。—好的，下周怎么样？根据后面的How about next week，可以看出，Johnson教授已经确认这周完不成报告没关系，所以，用That‘s OK。(2005福建)—James，I‘m sorry I used your comput er when you were away this morning.
—.
A.That‘s all right
B.It‘s a pleasure
C.Y ou are welcome
D.Don‘t mention it
T hat‘s all right意为―不用谢；没关系‖，主要用于对感谢或歉意的礼貌回答答案 A (2005江西)—Hello，Mr.Smith.This is Larry Jackson.I am afraid I won‘t be able to arrive o n time for the meeting in your office.
—.We‘ll wait for you.
A.Hurry up
B.No doubt
C.Cheer up
D.That‘s all right
由答语知We‘ll wait for you可知，应选That‘s all right，意为―没关系‖，答案D。而Hurry up.意为―抓紧‖；No doubt.意为―多半，很可能‖；Cheer up意为―加油‖。
That’s great、Good idea 太好了
（2011陕西）—— We can give you a ride into town.
—— ____________ Thank you.
A. Yes, why not?
B. Oh, it would be my pleasure.
C. Y es, please.
D. Oh, that would be great.
情景对话。没有难度。We can give you a ride into town.是要做的动作，是过程，还没做，B. Oh, it would be my pleasure.强调的是结果，所以不是正确答案；D. Oh, that would be great.是强调过程，当然是答案了。
（2010重庆）----Honey, let‘s go out for dinner.
----- I don‘t have to cook.
A. Forgot it!
B. That‘s great!
C. Why?
D. Go ahead!
句意为―亲爱的，我们出去吃饭吧。‖―太好了，我不必做饭了。‖所以选B。A. Forget it. 没关系 C. Why为什么 D. Go ahead 随便均不符合语境。
情态动词与虚拟语气
〖2008全国Ⅱ〗Liza well not want to go on the trip—she hates traveling.
A.will
B.can
C.must
D.may
句意为：Liza极有可能不想去旅行——她讨厌旅行。may well很可能, 极有可能, 表示猜测。当表示猜测时, will和can不能与well连用, must只能用于肯定句中。
must只用于肯定句/表示很有把握的猜测/翻译成“肯定/一定”；
can/could用于疑问句和否定句；
may/might用于肯定句/表示没有把握的猜测/翻译成“可能也许”
mustn’t have done 绝对错/是无效选项
must必须，“不必”用needn’t/don’t have to
mustn’t 禁止/不准
〖2011四川卷〗The police still haven‘t found the lost child, but they‘re doing all they .
A.can
B.may
C.must
D.should
句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”can可以，能够；may可能，许可；must必须；should应该。根据句意，选A。
〖2011湖南卷〗No one ________ be compared with Y ao Ming in playing basketball.
A. can
B. need
C. must
D. might
句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can可以，能够；need需要；must必须；might 可能。故根据题意，选A。
〖2011全国卷II〗If you smoke, please go outside.
A. can
B. should
C. must
D. may
句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。
〖2011北京卷〗—I don‘t really like James. Why did you invite him?
—Don‘t worry. He come. He said he wasn‘t certain what his plans were.
A. must not
B. need not
C. would not
D. might not
句意为“——我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他？——别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的
计划还没安排好。”题干中的he wasn‘t certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might not。选D。
〖2011浙江卷〗—How‘s your new babysitter?
—We ________ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A. should
B. might
C. mustn?t
D. couldn‘t
句意为“——你的新保姆怎么样？——找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should 应该；might可能，可以；mustn?t禁止；couldn‘t不可能。根据句意选D。
〖2011福建卷〗——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
——I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .
A.will
B.must
C.may
D.can
句意为“——需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗？——恐怕你得这样做，以防他开会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句，选B。
〖2011辽宁卷〗If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. will
句意为“如果你非得走话，至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”
can可以，能够；may 可能，许可；must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要；will将要，愿意。根据后句的劝告，选C。
It is time that
would rather
◆How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden!
A. has C. will have D. had had
◆He acts as if he _______the owner of the house.
A. w ill be
B. has been
C. is
◆It’s about time that you _____to study English.
A. begin
B. w ill begin
C. have begun
◆Look at the trouble I’m in，if only I ______ your advice！
A.followed
B.would follow D.should follow
〖2011北京卷〗——Where are the children? The dinner‘s going to be completely ruined.
——I wish they always late.