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考博英语高频词汇精华版

1、abnormal, uncommon, disordered“反常的”

abnormal[?b?n?:m?l] a.不正常的,反常的(但并非罕见),指行为或现象(如气候)的异常。

His body temperature has been abnormal for 3 days,the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade.他的体温三天来一直都不正常,最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度。(尽管身体发烧不正常,但生活中也时有发生。)

uncommon[?n?k?m?n] a.罕见的,不平常的,指很少经历或很少见到的状况;特别的,出色的。Hurricanes are uncommon in England.飓风在英国非常罕见。

That is uncommon instant coffee; it tastes great! 那速溶咖啡质量上乘,味道好极了!Disordered[dis'?:d?d] a.混乱的,杂乱的;(精神或身体)有病的。

We couldn't understand her disordered presentation.我们听不明白她条理不清的陈述。

2、abide, adhere, conform, comply“遵守”。

abide[??baid] v.后接by表示“遵守,同意”。

I will abide by the director' decision.我将遵从主任的决定。

adhere[?d?hi?] v.后接to表示“遵守”。(当然adhere一词的其它意思如“坚持;粘附”也经常被考到。) Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving.汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则。

conform[k?n?f?:m] v.后接to表示“遵守,符合”。

All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments.每个人都应该遵守政府制订的法律。

comply[k?m?plai] v.后接with表示“遵守,服从”,用于正式的场合。

Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying taxes.我们公司遵守政府有关纳税的规定。

3、abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase,exclude, extinguish都有“取消,除掉”的意思。

abolish[??b?li?] v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除;完全破坏。

The government abolished the tax on alcohol.政府取消了酒税。

cancel[?k?ns?l] v.对预先安排的某种活动(如旅行、计划、会议等)的取消;删去(字、句)。

The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu.会议由于流感而取消了。

eliminate[i?limineit] v.指消除、淘汰已经存在但是现在不需要的东西。

The losing team was eliminated from further competition.失利的那个队被淘汰了,不能参加下一阶段的比赛。

The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine.医生帮助他排出肠中毒素。

dispose[dis?p?uz] v.处理,处置;表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用。(这一点需要注意。) After your picnic, please dispose of the litter.野餐后请清除掉垃圾。

erase[i?reiz] v.除去,擦掉,指有意识地除去字迹、声音等。

I erased the music on the tape before recording on the tape again.我在往磁带上录音之前先消掉了上面的音乐。

exclude[iks?klu:d] v.排斥;排除,不包括在内,与include互为反义词。

The restaurant excludes anyone who is not properly dressed from entering.衣冠不整者不得进入该餐馆。

extinguish[iks?ti?ɡwi?] v.熄灭,扑灭(火);使沉默,使暗淡。

Firefighters extinguished a big fire.消防队员扑灭了大火。

4、abstract, digest, outline, summary“要点,摘要”

abstract[??bstr?kt] n.概要,摘要,尤其指对学术论文或法律论据作的简述。

I have read the abstract of his book.我已经读了他书的概要。

digest[dai?d?est] n. (篇幅较长的)摘要,文摘,它是对原文的浓缩而不是对原文的简单解释,浓缩后仍保持原文的顺序、重点和风格。

Reader's Digest《读者文摘》

outline[?autlain] n.要点,大纲,概要。

She made an outline of ideas she wanted to present in her talk.她把自己要谈的想法列了一个提纲。

summary[?s?m?ri] n.总结,摘要,指用寥寥数语概括文章或者讲话的要点,不考虑原文的风格。5、absurd, ridiculous, silly都有“愚蠢,可笑”的意思。

absurd[?b?s?:d] a.荒谬的,可笑的,指因不符合常识、违反真理或不合逻辑而令人发笑。

There was an absurd idea that the earth was flat and motionless.过去曾经有一种荒谬的观点认为地球呈扁平状而且静止不动。

ridiculous[ri?dikjul?s] a.荒唐可笑的,指因为愚昧无知而令人发笑并成为笑柄,含有蔑视成分。

It is ridiculous to judge a foreign culture only by its food.仅仅根据一个国家的饮食来评价该国家的文化是荒唐可笑的。

silly[?sili] a.愚蠢的,傻的,指由于单纯或者头脑简单而显得愚蠢。

a silly little boy傻小子

6、abundant, plentiful这两个形容词都有“充足的”之意。

abundant[??b?nd?nt] a. (数量)充足的,常用于人、物产、资源、雨量等,含有“过多”之意。

Oil is in abundant supply in this country.这个国家石油供应十分充裕。

plentiful[?plentiful] a.丰富的,充足的,常用于食物、收获、财产等,不能用于时间、空间、思想等方面。

Eggs are plentiful at this moment.现在鸡蛋很多。

7、accent, tone, dialect这三个名词意思相近,容易混淆。

accent[??ks?nt] n.口音,指某一地区语言的发音特征;重音。

He speaks English with a Spanish accent.他讲英语带有西班牙口音。

tone [t?un] n.语气,音调,指说话人的口气或声音的高低、轻重等。

He speaks to his baby in soft tones.他用柔和的语调和他的婴儿说话。

dialect[?dai?lekt] n.方言,土语,地方话,指一个地区人们所使用的语言。

the Yorkshire dialect约克郡方言the Sichuan dialect

8、access, assess这两个词为一组“形近易混词”。

access[??kses] n.接近,进入。

The people living in these apartments have free access to that swimming pool.住在这些公寓里的人可以免费地进入游泳池。

assess[??ses] v.评估(财产,价值)。

I assessed how much it would cost to build a new apartment.我评估了一下建一套新的公寓要多少钱。

9、accommodate, afford, furnish都有“提供”的意思。

accommodate[??k?m?deit] v.提供住宿、房间;适应,迎合,迁就。

This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.这家饭店可供500位来宾住宿。

The company accommodated the customer's wish and sent the delivery overnight.公司满足了顾客的愿望,连夜将货物发了出去。

afford[??f?:d] v.负担,支付;当“提供”讲时,多用于指抽象事物的提供。

We can't afford that expensive sports car.我们买不起那辆昂贵的跑车。

The tall building affords a beautiful view of the ocean.从这幢高楼上可以看到大海的美丽景致。

furnish[?f?:ni?] v.指提供生活或某种用途所需要的东西。

Reading furnishes the mind only with materials of knowledge, it is thinking that makes what we read ours.阅读虽然为我们的思想提供了各种知识,然而只有思考才能将我们读到的内容变成自己的东西。

10、accomplishment, attainment, achievement“成就”

accomplishment[??k?mpli?m?nt] n.成功,成就;才艺,修养。

Climbing that high mountain was an accomplishment for the hikers.对于登山运动员来说,爬上了那座山就是成功。

Being able to paint well is just one of her accomplishments. 画画得好只是她的许多才能之一。

attainment[??teinm?nt] n.指学识和造诣(常用作复数);达到,到达。

a scholar of the highest attainments造诣极高的学者

achievement[??t?i:vm?nt] n.可指抽象的“成就”,或具体的“成绩”,与accomplishment是同义词。

11、accuse, charge“控诉,指控”之意,所搭配的介词不同。

accuse[??kju:z] v.指控,控诉,与介词of连用。

The police accused him of theft.警察指控他犯有盗窃罪。

charge[t?ɑ:d?] v.可以指因为小错而受的责备,也指因违法而受到控告,与介词with连用。

The police charged him with murder.警察指控他犯了谋杀罪。

12、acquire, attain, obtain, gain, earn, achieve, secure都有"获得,取得"的意思,在考研屡次出现。

acquire[??kwai?] v.多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等,也可用于对财物等的获得,该词强调"一经获得就会长期持有"的含义。

It is through learning that the individual acquires many habitual ways of reacting to situations.正是通过学习,个人才得以获得应付各种情况的习惯做法。

attain[??tein] v.指经过不懈的努力获得未曾预料到的结果;也可指达到某一目标。

The salesperson attained his sales goal for the month.这名销售员完成了当月的销售目标。obtain[?b?tein] v.获得,买到,用于正式语体中。

He obtained the property with a bank loan.他通过向银行贷款买下了那份房产。

gain[ɡein] v.指通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处;亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。

An investor gains by buying stocks that go up in value.投资者通过所买股票价格上涨而得利润。

earn[?:n] v.挣得,赢得,指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。

How much do you earn a week?你一星期挣多少钱?

achieve[??t?i:v] v.得到,获得,多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。

The movie star achieved success and wealth.这个影星取得了成功和财富。

secure[si?kju?] v.得到;把……拿到手,含有肯定占有难以得到的东西之意;使安全,保卫;作形容词比较常见,意为"安全的"。

A million signatures have been secured.已征集到了100万人的签名。

He secured the office before leaving it for the night.他晚上离开前锁好了办公室的门窗。13、acute, critical, crucial, urgent"严重的,重要的"意思。

acute[??kju:t] a.剧烈的,严重的;急性的(病)。

An acute lack of food brought hunger to the Iraqi people.食品严重缺乏,伊拉克人民正在忍饥挨饿。

critical[?kritik?l] a.意为"关键的",表示处于极度缺乏的状态或事件的转折点,与crucial相似。与crucial的区别在于它对缺乏的或危急的程度有更准确的衡量;还指"批判性的,分析性的"。

It is critical that you study hard for the exam or you will fail it.为了考好你必须用功学习,则你会不及格的。

crucial[?kru:??l] a.意为"决定性的,紧要关头的,至关重要的",最为笼统,适用于上述两种情况。Improved consumer confidence is crucial to an economic recovery.消费者信心的增强对经济的复苏是至关重要的。

urgent[??:d??nt] a.意为"紧迫的,急迫的,紧要的",它不强调所指的问题是最重要的,仅强调"紧急的"状态。

We have an urgent need for help; we are running out of water.我们急需要帮助,我们的水就快要用光了。

14、adjust, regulate, rectify, amend, convert, alter,modify, transform, vary都含有"调整、改变"的意思。

adjust[??d??st] v.一般指很小的改变或技术性的调整;修理。

I adjusted the air conditioner to stay cool.我调节了空调以保持凉爽。

regulate[?reɡjuleit] v.指根据规定或需要对某物(机器、钟表等)进行调整或调节,使之准确工作或运行;多含有"控制"之意。

Lights are used to regulate the traffic.红绿灯被用来管制交通。

rectify[?rektifai] v.纠正,校正(错误、文章、合同等)。

He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing its wording.他通过改变措辞纠正了合同里的错误。

amend[??mend] v. (正式用语)指修改文件、法律、规范等。

The politicians amended the law to provide more jobs.政治家们修正了这项法律以提供更多的就业。

convert[k?n?v?:t] v.改变某事物的形式或用途,还可以指改变信仰尤其是宗教信仰。

Britain converted to a decimal currency system in1971.英国于1971年改用十进制货币体系。

He's converted to Catholicism.他已经皈依天主教。

alter[??:lt?] v.使事物在外观、性质、用途等方面稍作改变。

The tailor altered the waistband on my pants because it was too tight.裁缝修改了我的裤腰因为它太紧了。

modify[?m?difai] v.改变,修改,以使某物更趋完善,还可以用来表示态度、脾气、意见变得温和。

He was loud and angry, and his friends told him to modify his behavior.他粗声大气,脾气暴躁;朋友们告诉他要改变自己的举止。

transform[tr?ns?f?:m] v.指彻底、深远的改变,这种变化完全改变了外观或特性,使被改变的对象脱胎换骨。

Remodeling transformed an old, dark house into a cheerful one.重新装修使这所陈旧昏暗的房子变得赏心悦目。

vary[?v??ri] v.强调没有一定规则、陆续的变化或差异。

Air fares vary from one airline to another.航空公司的机票价格各不相同。

15、admit, confess, concede这几个动词都有"承认"的意思。

admit[?d?mit] v.指由于说服、再三追问而"承认"某一事实或过错。

I admit that you have a point.我承认你有理。

confess[k?n?fes] v.供认(罪行、过错等),含有"坦白、招认"的意思。

He confessed his crimes to the judge.他向法官供认了他的罪行。

concede[k?n?si:d] v.指曾想隐瞒或不愿意承认某一错误,但由于证据确凿而不得不勉强承认,还可以指"以退为进"的承认。

The man who caused the accident finally conceded to the police that he had done it.造成这次交通事故的人最终向警察承认他是肇事人。

16、affiliate, link, attach, append都有"附加"的意思。

affiliate[??filieit] v.加入,成为……一部分。

an affiliated middle school一所附属中学

link[li?k] v.将人或物连接起来。

The crowd linked arms to form a barrier.群众臂挽着臂组成人墙。

attach[??t?t?] v.将某物系在、贴在、附在另一物上。

I attached a note to my report with a paper clip.我用别针将一张字条别在报告的后面。append[??pend] v.增加,附加(与attach的意思比较接近)。

The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract.律师在合同后又附加了两页。

17、affirm, assert, allege, claim, announce, proclaim

这一组动词都有"声称"的意思。

affirm[??f?:m] v.坚信不疑地肯定或宣称,是deny的反义词。

He affirmed his love for her.他发誓爱她。

assert[??s?:t] v.指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称,或者清楚有力地坚持某个情况为事实。

She asserted that she was innocent .她宣称自己是无辜的。

allege[??led?] v.在无真凭实据的情况下宣称、断定。

The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighborhood at the time of the crime.嫌疑犯声称案发时他不在现场。

claim[kleim] v.要求,声称,断言。多指根据某种规定提出的要求或主张。

They claim that if more people rode bicycles to go to work there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city.他们生成如果有更多的人骑自行车上班的话,闹市区的汽车就会有所减少。

announce[??nauns] v.宣布,宣告。多指首次当众正式宣布某一主张或态度,常常带有预告的意味。The invention of the printing press announced the diffusion of knowledge.印刷术的发明宣告了知识普及时代的来临。

proclaim[pr??kleim] v.宣布;宣告(成立)。指经过深思熟虑后向大众宣布一个明确的决定或判断,尤其指重大事件的宣布,多用于官方场合。

The president proclaimed an emergency when the war came.当战争来临的时候总统宣布进入紧急状态。

18、aggravate, reinforce, increase, strengthen,intensify这一组动词都有"加强"的意思。

aggravate[??ɡr?veit] v.加重(负担、罪行、病情等),使之恶化。

I hurt my foot, then aggravated it by trying to walk too soon.我的脚受伤了,而过早的下地走路又加重了伤情。

reinforce[?ri:?n?f?:s] v.增援,一般用于军队或警察的行动;(添材料等)加固。

A police officer saw three thieves robbing a bank and radioed to reinforce him.一位警察看到三个盗贼抢劫银行,用无线电话要求增援。

increase[in?kri:s] v.指数量上的增加。

The number of people has been increased.人数增加了。

strengthen[?stre?θn] v.加强,巩固,增强,相当于to become stronger。

Exercising every day strengthens the heart.每天锻炼可以提高心脏的功能。

Competition, they believe, strengthens the national character rather than corrupt it.人们认为竞争加强了民族性而不是破坏了它。

intensify[in?tensifai] v.使变得更强烈、剧烈,加剧,相当于to become more intense or intensive。

intensify colors加深色彩intensify hatred加深仇恨

19、alert, cautious, considerate都表示"小心的,谨慎的"。

alert[??l?:t] a.警惕的,留神的。

The hostess remained standing, alert to every guests'drinking need.女主人一直站在旁边,时刻准备给大家斟酒。

cautious[?k?:??s] a.细心的,谨慎的。

He has a cautious attitude about spending money.在花钱的问题上他态度谨慎。considerate[k?n?sid?rit] a.关心他人的,体贴的。

He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic.他总是很体谅他人,并且慈祥而富有同情心。

20、alive, live, living, lively这一组形容词都跟"活"有关。

alive[??laiv] a.活着的,有活力的,常作表语,作定语时必须后置。

After the accident, he was barely alive.交通事故后,他奄奄一息。all man alive所有活着的人

live[liv] a.活的,有活力的,现场直播的,

We watched the live broadcast of the opera on TV.我们通过电视观看了这部歌剧的实况。living[?livi?] a.活着的,作定语可前可后,可修饰人也可修饰物。

Who is the world's greatest living artist?谁是现在还健在的世界上最伟大的艺术家?living room起居室

lively[?laivli] a.活泼的,栩栩如生的。

She is a lively young girl, always laughing and doing things.她是个活泼可爱的小姑娘,总是欢声笑语忙个不停。

21、alleviate, diminish, reduce, decrease, decline

这一组动词都有"减少,减轻"的意思。

alleviate[??li:vieit] v.在痛苦方面的减轻,缓和

The painkiller alleviated the pain.止疼药减缓了疼痛。

diminish[di?mini?] v.指因为不断消耗,在数量方面缓慢减少,也指在素质或者价值的下降。

The supply of oil has diminished because of the war.由于战争石油的供应减少了。reduce[ri?dju:s] v.指人为地使某物在数量或重量方面的减少或降低。

He reduced the amount of money they could spend.他缩减了他们的开销。

decrease[di:?kri:s] v.指数量上的减少;力量或者强度的减弱。

The population decreased a lot last year.去年人口数量急剧下降。

decline[di?klain] v. (数目、价格、比率)下降;谢绝,婉言推辞;衰退,衰落。

Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply declined.去年芝加哥的犯罪率明显下降。

He declined our invitation to dinner.他婉拒了我们请他吃饭的邀请。

22、allocate, separate, detach, divide都有"分开"的意思。

allocate[??l?keit] v.分配,把……拨给。

The city government allocated money for schools and the police in this year's budget.市政府在今年的预算中给学校和警察部门分配了资金。

separate[?s ep?reit] v.人为地分开,使隔离开。

We separated the salad forks from the dinner forks.我们把沙拉叉与餐叉分隔开。detach[di?t?t?] v.拆开组合的物体;远离,疏远。

We need a carpenter to detach this bookshelf from the wall.我们需要一名木匠将书架从墙上拆下来。

divide[di?vaid] v.指将整体分为若干个部分。

The huge corporation divided into smaller companies.这家特大公司分成一些较小的公司。

23、ambiguous, obscure, vague, unclear, dim "模糊"

ambiguous[?m?biɡju?s] a.意义含糊的,有歧义的,指因字、词、句有歧义而使人感到模糊不清、难以理解和把握。

His ambiguous directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to take.他的模棱两可的指导使我们很迷惑以至于我们不知道该走哪条路了。

obscure[?b?skju?] a.用于表达因光线不足而使人看不清楚。该词的引申意义可以表示语法、文字、记忆等因复杂、深奥、模棱两可而使人看不懂和无法理解。

The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many obscure references. 艾兹拉·庞德的诗有时候难以理解,因为诗歌中含有许多令人费解的典故。vague[veiɡ] a.含混的,不清楚的,多用于比喻意义,用来表示因逻辑关系不清、言辞笼统而导致的意义不清楚,该词也可表示轮廓形状的不清楚和模糊。

He has some vague ideas about what to do, but nothing specific.他大概知道他要做什么,但没有具体的计划。

unclear[??n?kli?] a.指句意、字迹不清楚,使人难以看懂;不肯定的。

Unclear writing is difficult to understand.模糊的字迹使人难以辨认。

It is unclear whether the economy will get better.经济是否好转仍不明朗。

dim[dim] a.光线暗淡的,看不清的;记忆力模糊的;不大可能的。

Don't work in dim light.不要在昏暗的光线下工作。

His changes of recovery from illness are dim.他康复的可能性十分渺茫。

24、amplify, enlarge, stretch, magnify, reinforce,expand

amplify[??mplifai] v.扩大,增加,尤其指通过增强电压或电流使声音扩大;补充叙述(故事、事件等)。

We must ask you to amplify your statement.我们得请你对你的说法作进一步的说明。enlarge[in?lɑ:d?] v.扩大,多指具体物品如相片的放大。

enlarge photograph放大照片enlarge a house扩建房屋

stretch[stret?] v. (有弹性地)伸展,延伸,并有可能超过限度;伸长、伸出(身体某部位)并绷紧肌肉(尤指在放松后或为了够着某物)。

The pullover stretched after I had worn it a few times.这件套头毛衣我穿了几次之后就撑大了。

Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, stretching themselves.完成了早间工作之后,职员们站到桌子后面伸伸懒腰。

magnify[?m?ɡnifai] v.放大,指用透镜或显微镜使物体看上去大一些。

His eyeglasses magnify words so he can read them.他借助眼睛把字放大以便能够阅读。reinforce[?ri:?n?f?:s] v.增援,加固。

expand[iks?p?nd] v.指范围、体积的扩大、增大,也可以指内容细节的充实。

The balloon expanded, then exploded.气球先是膨胀,然后就爆破了。

25、anger, fury, indignation, resentment"愤怒、生气"

anger[???ɡ?] n.气愤,生气,是一般用语。

After their argument, he expressed his anger by punching the other man in the face.争吵之后,他一拳打在那个人的脸上以发泄怒气。

fury[?fju?ri] n.暴怒,大怒,程度较anger要强。

indignation[??ndiɡ?nei??n] n.义愤,尤其指出于道义上的激愤。

general indignation at the sudden steep rise in bus fares公共汽车票价突然猛增激起的公愤resentment[ri?zentm?nt] n.愤恨,怨恨,不满,是正式用语,尤指由于受侮辱或自尊心受到伤害后而产生的愤慨。

There was a feeling of resentment in the office after everyone's pay was lowered.大家的工资降低后,办公室里怨声载道。

26、apparent, evident, manifest, obvious, distinct

这一组形容词都有"明显的"之意。

apparent[??p?r?nt] a.明显的,显而易见的,尤指容易观察或认识到的事物。

He is very unhappy, and it is apparent that he wants to leave now.他很不高兴,显然他现在想走了。

evident[?evid?nt] a.明白的,明显的,与apparent基本同意,多用于推理或由事实证明的事物。

It is evident that he is guilty; his fingerprints were found at the crime scene.显然他是有罪的,在犯罪现场发现了他的指纹。

manifest[?m?nifest] a.清楚的,明显的,多指根据外部特征或迹象便能看出或了解其意义,常作表语。

Her ability is manifest, but she is not attractive.她才能出众,但长相并不动人。

obvious[??bvi?s] a.明显的,显而易见的,含有无可辩白,不需证明之意。

It is obvious that that woman has had too much to drink.很显然,那个妇女酒喝的太多了。distinct[dis?ti?kt] a.清楚的,明显的;不同的,独特的。修饰性质明显不同的东西。

Medical care has made a distinct improvement in his health.治疗已使他的健康有了明显的好转。

27、applaud, clap, commend, praise

applaud[??pl?:d] v.鼓掌,赞扬,指因精湛表演或某种行为得到别人的赞许,大声叫好或热烈鼓掌。

The boss applauded my efforts by praising my work.老板表扬了我的工作,对我的努力表示赞许。

clap[kl?p] v.拍打,其用法是clap one's hand=applaud,不能说applaud one's hands。clap sb.为某人鼓掌,clap sth.拍打某物

commend[k??mend] v.为正式用词,用于对具体功绩或成就表示嘉奖,通常指上级对下级、长辈对晚辈的赞赏。

The teacher commended the student for doing well on the exam.老师表扬学生们的考试成绩优异。

praise[preiz] v.为一般用词,用于对某人的优秀品质表示钦佩羡慕;赞颂,赞美。

A supervisor praised the employee for her good work.一位主管称赞这位员工的工作做得不错。

Survivors of the crash praised God for saving them.坠机事件的幸存者赞颂上帝使他们得救。

28、area, district, region, vicinity, zone有"区域"的意思。

area[???ri?] n.泛指面积较大的地区;面积;专业领域。

The New York area has high rents.纽约地区房租很高。

district[?distrikt] n.行政区划的小范围地区。如Xicheng district西城区

region[?ri:d??n] n.行政区划上更大的地区,如"自治区";身体部位。

The northeast region of the USA includes New York and the six New England states.美国东北部包括纽约和新英格兰地区的那六个州。

vicinity[vi?siniti] n.周围地区,附近地区。

The police were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the vicinity.警察都十分警惕因为逃跑的罪犯就藏在附近地区。

zone[z?un] n.指特定的地方、地带。

The city passed a law to create a business zone on some empty land.市政府通过法律,在一些空地上开辟商业区。

29、assembly, conference, congress, rally, seminar,session, summit, symposium 都表示"会议"的意思。

assembly[??sembli] n.集合,集会。

The assembly of students takes place in the auditorium.学生们在大礼堂举行集会。conference[?k?nf?r?ns] n. (专门性的)会议,讨论会。

The conference on international economic problems met in Geneva.关于世界经济问题的会议在日内瓦召开。

congress[?k??ɡres] n.代表大会,(美国的)国会。

Congress passes laws that must be obeyed by the people.美国国会通过的法律,人民一定要遵守。

rally[?r?li] n. (鼓舞士气的)集会;群众性集会。

The football coach called a rally to build up the team's excitement for the next game.足球教练召开了一个动员会,以便鼓舞士气打好下次比赛。

seminar[?seminɑ:] n. (大学的)研究班,研讨会。

During summer vacations some teachers attend seminars at college.暑假里,一些教师在学院里参加研究班。

session[?se??n] n. (一届)会议,回合。

the autumn session of Parliament议会的秋季会议

summit[?s?mit] n.最高级会议,峰会(通常为领导人参加)。

Next year, the summit will be held in Vienna.明年将在维也纳举行最高级会谈。symposium[sim?p?uzi?m] n. (学术、科研方面的)座谈会,专题报告会。

The symposium on SARS research lasted two days.非典型性肺炎研究的研讨会持续了两天。

30、assessment, estimate, evaluation有"评估"的意思。

assessment[??sesm?nt] n.评估,估价,常常表示对于财产、价值的评估。

We have a low assessment on our property.我们对我们的资产评估很低。

estimate[?estimeit] n.估计,强调进行评估得出的结果,常与give搭配。

The mechanic gave me a rough estimate of two or three hundred dollars for the repairs to my car.机械师给我的汽车修理费的粗略估计是200或300美元。

evaluation[i?v?lju?ei??n] n. (对于能力,价值、工作业绩的)评价,估价,常带有肯定的、正确的含义。

He gave a positive evaluation of our scientific research.他对于我们的科学研究给予了积极的评价。

31、associate, ally, combine, unite都有"联合"的意思。

associate[??s?u?ieit] v.交往,结交;联系,联想。多指平等友好的合作,后接with,表示与某人交往或合作,后接in表示在某个方面合作。

We associate with our neighbors at church.在教堂里,我们同邻居交往。

ally[??lai] v.使结盟,使联姻,多与with搭配。

Several political parties allied with each other against higher taxes.几个政治党派联合起来反对提高税收。

combine[k?m?bain] v.联合,化合,混合,多指为了某个目的将不同的人或物混合而成一个整体。

The girl combined sugar, butter, and flour to made the dough.小姑娘把糖、黄油和面粉混合到一起做成面团。

unite[ju:?nait] v.联合,合并,团结,尤指不同的事物或人组成统一体,强调结果的一致性。

The nation united against its enemy.国民团结一致共同对敌。

32、average, common, general, universal, usual

这一组形容词都有"普通"的意思。

average[??v?rid?] a.普通的,一般的,它强调的是一般水准或普通水准;通常在有数字出现的情况下,表示"平均的"。

The average runner can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes.跑步者15分钟内平均跑两英里。common[?k?m?n] a.常见的,普通的,不足为奇的,有时引申为"平凡的",强调事物的共同性。另外,它还有"公共的,共同的"之意。

Car accidents are a common occurrence.交通事故是很普通的事件。

general[?d?en?r?l] a.普通的,一般的,表示涉及到各方面,强调整体性而非个别和例外,该词的反义词为particular。

In general, the economy is doing well now.总的来说,现在的经济形式还不错。

universal[?ju:ni?v?:s?l] a.普遍的,比general语气更强,有"全然没有例外"的意思。

Poverty is a universal problem all over the world.贫困是世界各地普遍存在的问题。

usual[?ju:?u?l] a.通常的,惯常的,强调"习惯性的,符合规章制度的",是个一般用语。

33、award, reward

award[??w?:d] v.指正式地或官方地颁发,授予,给予;也可以指法庭裁决给予。后面可跟双宾语。

The school principal awarded a prize in history to the best student.学校校长将历史奖授予最出色的学生。

reward[ri?w?:d] v.酬劳,奖赏,回报,通常指因做了某一件事或提供了某种服务而应得到报酬或酬谢,其后一般以人或人的行为作宾语。后跟with用来说明以何物作为报酬。

I will reward to the person who returns my lost dog.我将出50美元,酬谢帮我找回丢失的狗的人。

34、aware, conscious

aware[??w??] a.知道的,意识到的,强调感官对外界事物的意识。

He was aware of his mistake.他意识到自己的错误。

conscious[?k?n??s] a.有意识的,意识到的,一般指内心所意识到的。

The salesman is conscious of the fact that he must increase sales.销售员意识到他必须增加销售量。

34、base, foundation, ground都有"基础"的意思。

base[beis] n.指具体的有形的基础,也可指物体的底部、基部;基地,总部。

They use their apartment in New York as a home base from which they travel frequently.他们把纽约的公寓作为他们频繁出行的大本营。

foundation[faun?dei??n] n.本义指建筑物的地基,坚实的基础的意思;基金会。

The foundation for our house is made of cement.我们房子的地基是水泥打下的。

ground[ɡraund] n.地面,土地,也指地域,水底,海底。

35、basic, elementary, fundamental

basic[?beisik] a.基本的,基础的,既可用于具体事物,也可用于抽象事物。

He has a basic understanding of the problem.他对问题有基本的了解。

elementary[?eli?ment?ri] a.初步的,初级的。elementary school小学

fundamental a.根本性的,一般只用于抽象的事物;必要的,必须的。

Honesty is a fundamental principle in dealing with others.诚实是与别人相处的基本原则。

36、beam, chuckle, giggle, grin, jeer, laugh, roar,sneer这一组都有"笑"的意思,而它们之间的差别也是明显的。

beam[bi:m] v.本义指照耀,放光,引申为"微笑",是正式用语,指面带喜悦或笑容,暗示对他人的友好或内心的满足。

She beamed with happiness.她高兴得眉开眼笑。

chuckle[?t??kl] v. (书面语)吃吃的笑,抿嘴笑,轻声笑,多指因得意或领会到某事中的趣味而暗自发笑。

She does not laugh out loud; she only chuckles.她没有笑出声来,只是抿嘴而笑。

giggle[?ɡiɡl] v.咯咯地笑,痴笑,傻笑,多指女人和孩子由于紧张、被逗乐、尴尬时所发出的笑声。

The schoolgirls giggled when the famous football player walked into their classroom.当这个著名的足球运动员走进教室时,女生们都咯咯地笑起来。

grin[ɡrin] v.露齿而笑,指人因高兴、满足、轻蔑等咧开嘴露齿地笑。

He grinned at his mother.他冲他的妈妈咧嘴一笑。

jeer[d?i?] v.讥笑,嘲笑,其同义词是mock。

The crowd jeered when the boxer was knocked down.当那个拳手被人打倒时,人群开始嘲笑他。

laugh[lɑ:f] v.笑,大笑,用于一般的笑或出声的大笑。

roar[r?:] v.怒吼,咆哮,引申为放声大笑,哄堂大笑。

He roared when he heard the joke.听完这个笑话,他哈哈大笑。

sneer[sni?] v.冷笑,嘲笑,指以语言、表情、和声调表示轻蔑或嘲弄。

He sneered at the offer and said it was two low.他对报价嗤之以鼻,说它太低了。

37、bewilder, puzzle, confuse, embarrass, perplex

这一组词都有"迷惑"的意思。

bewilder[bi?wild?] v.使困惑,使茫然,强调非常困惑,通常表现为心理和智力的紊乱,语气最重。

He was fired without warning and is completely bewildered about the reason.他没有得到事先警告就被开除了,完全不明白是什么原因。

When the farmers visited the city for the first time,they were bewildered by its complicated traffic system.当这些农夫们第一次到城里的时候,他们对城市复杂的交通系统感到迷惑不解。

puzzle[?p?zl] v.使迷惑,感到不解,强调不理解或解决不了。

Where the sunken treasure is puzzles explorers.沉没宝藏的下落令探险家们大惑不解。confuse[k?n?fju:z] v.使混乱,使糊涂,强调因混淆而使人产生迷乱。

He sent the wrong reports because he confused them with other ones.他发错了报告,因为他把它们同另外一些报告混淆在一起了。

embarrass[im?b?r?s] v.使窘迫,使为难,使困惑,有令人不快、难为情和内心混乱的意味。

Her boyfriend embarrassed her by teasing her about her new hairstyle in front of others.她的男友在别人面前嘲笑她的新发型,使她感到难堪。

perplex[p??pleks] v.使杂乱,使疑虑,使不安。

The new tax laws perplex me.新税收法律使我很费解。

38、blame, condemn, reproach, scold都有"责怪"的意思。

blame[bleim] v.责怪,把……归咎于。

You can't blame anyone in case you fail the exam.万一你考试不及格,你不能怪罪任何人。condemn[k?n?dem] v.谴责,用于比较正式的、严肃的场合。

The wife condemned her husband for drinking too much.妻子因丈夫贪杯而责怪他。

reproach[ri?pr?ut?] v. (书面语)责备,表示不满。

His teacher reproached him for not doing his homework.老师责备他不做作业。

scold[sk?uld] v.责骂,训斥。

39、blunder, error, mistake这一组词都表示"错误"。

blunder[?bl?nd?] n. (因为无知、疏忽犯下的)大错,愚蠢的错误。

I think that I committed a blunder in asking her because she seemed very upset by my question.这位女士由于我的问题感到很难过,我感觉到犯了一个大错。

error[?er?] n.指判断、计算或行为上的错误,也指智力或道义上的错误。

The accident was the result of human error.这事故是人为的错误造成的。

mistake[mis?teik] n.误会,误解;(粗心、遗忘所导致的)错误。

I took your bag instead of mine by mistake.我错拿了你的手提包。

40、brittle, fragile, frail, crisp, invalid都有"弱"的意思。

brittle[?britl] a.易碎的,易损坏的,通常是指坚硬的东西。

The bones of elderly people become brittle and easily broken.老年人的骨头变得脆弱,很容易骨折。

fragile[?fr?d?ail] a.常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西,也引申为体弱的,虚弱的。

He 's feeling a bit fragile after last night's party.他参加了昨晚的聚会以后,现在感觉有些虚弱。

frail[freil] a. (指人)体弱的,虚弱的,也可以指东西易碎的。

His mother has grown old and frail.他母亲已经年老体弱。

crisp[krisp] a.指食品的松脆;清新的,爽快的;活跃的,有生气的,干净利落的。crisp biscuit 松脆的饼干

The student gave a clear, crisp answer to the teacher's question.学生干净利落地回答了老师的问题。

invalid[in?v?lid] a.不正确的,缺乏证据的;无效的,作废的。作名词时,表示病弱者,伤残者,久病者。

Your ideas about the first humans are interesting but invalid.你关于最早的人类的观点很有意思,但是缺乏证据。

A bad car accident made him an invalid.一次严重的车祸使他变成了残疾。

41、boundary, border, frontier, rim, verge "边界"意思。

boundary[?baund?ri] n.边界;界线。多指作为界线的标识物等。

The fence marks the boundary between my land and hers.这道栅栏是我的地和她的地的分界线。

border[?b?:d?] n.较宽的边缘,边界,多指两国或两地之间的分界处附近的边缘地区、边界地带;也可以指物体的边缘等。

We crossed the Mexican border into the USA.我们穿过墨西哥边界进入美国境内。

frontier[?fr?n?ti?] n.边界,边境,边疆,指靠近边界(boundary)的区域;也可引申为"未开发的领域","(学术的)前沿"等。

The American West was still a frontier a century ago.一个世纪以前美国西部还是一片边疆。

She is a biochemist who works on the frontiers of biology.她是从事生物学前沿研究的生化学家。

rim[rim] n.边,边缘,尤指圆形或近似圆形的物体的边缘。

verge[v?:d?] n. (道路、花坛等长草的)边缘,引申"某事即将发生之际"。

on the verge of war战争爆发之际

42、brief, concise, curt, succinct都有"简短的"意思。

brief[bri:f] a.简明扼要的,简短的,指时间短暂,办事利索,态度明了等;有时含有"虽短但却不失全面"的意味。

The manager made a brief statement to open the meeting.经理致了简短的开幕词。concise[k?n?sais] a. (文字等的)简要、精练,常含有保留主要部分的意思。

His letter was concise, omitting everything not pertinent to the job.他的信写得简明扼要,省略掉了所有与该项工作无关的部分。

curt[k?:t] a.三言两语的,简短的,常含有"草率"的意思。

He asked his boss a question, but got a curt reply , "I have no time for you now!"他问老板一个问题,但是老板草率的说:"我没时间搭理你。"

succinct[s?k?si?kt] a.简明的,简洁的,简练的,尤指用词简练,除含有concise的意思外,还有经过压缩的或简化的意思。

succinct summary of the argument论点的概要

43、bush, shrub, jungle这一组词均与树木有关。

bush[bu?] n.矮树丛。

shrub[?r?b] n.有木茎的灌木,灌木丛。

jungle[?d???ɡl] n.热带稠密的雨林或丛林。

44、certify, rectify, testify, verify形近易混词。

certify[?s?:tifai] v.证明,声称是真的。

He certified it was his wife's handwriting.他证明那是他妻子的手迹。

rectify[?rektifai] v.改正,纠正;整顿。

He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing its wording.他通过改变措辞纠正了合同里的错。

testify[?testifai] v. (在法庭上)宣誓作证;表明。

He is the only person who can testify in this case,because the other witnesses were killed mysteriously.其他的证人已经被神秘地杀害,他成为这件案例中唯一可以作证的人。

verify[?verifai] v. (用事实)证实或核实。

I verified the store's address by calling to check it.我打电话询问,以核实商店的地址。

45、compel, constrain, force, oblige都有"强迫"的意思。

compel[k?m?pel] v.强迫,迫使,常表示运用权利、力量迫使对方做某事;有时也表示"别无办法,不得不做"。

His illness compelled him to stay in bed.他的病迫使他卧床休息。

constrain[k?n?strein] v.力劝,强迫,与compel意思相近,但更多强调内心情感(如道德、怜悯等)的强迫和限制作用,一般用于正式的场合。

As an artist he didn't consider himself constrained by the same rules of social conduct as other people.他认为自己是艺术家,不必象一般人那样要受到社会行为准则的约束。

force[f?:s] v.强迫,迫使,暴力威胁的意味较浓,常用于被动语态。

The thief forced her to hand over the money.强盗逼迫她把钱交出来。

oblige[??blaid?] v. (因法律、习俗等)强迫,迫使,常常用于被动。

We are obliged to stop the car at a red light.我们遇到红灯时必须停车。

46、complaint, disorder这两个词都有"疾病"的意思。

complaint[k?m?pleint] n.疾病(主要指病人去看病时向医生描述的病症,既可以是小病、慢性病,也可以是传染性疾病);抱怨,埋怨,不满。

a heart complaint心脏病

disorder[dis??:d?] n. (精神或肉体的)疾病(着重于身心、机能的失调、不平衡);骚乱,动乱;混乱,杂乱。

a disorder of the digestive system消化系统疾病

47、complement, supplement,append"补充"

complement[?k?mplim?nt] n.补充,补充物,主要指补充不足使之完美。

Rice makes an excellent complement to a curry dish.有咖喱的菜配米饭最棒。supplement[?s?pliment] n.增补,补充,补贴,主要指另外补加,增补。

One year after we made our report, we had to add a supplement to cover new events.我们在报告完成一年之后,必须增补一个包含新事件的附加部分。

append[??pend] n.附加,添上或补充某事物(尤指文字)。

The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract.律师在合同后又附加了两页。

48、component, element, factor, ingredient"组成成分"

component[k?m?p?un?nt] n.零部件;(某事物的)组成部分;成分。

Tires, the engine, the body, and the seats are component of a car.轮胎,引擎,车身以及坐椅都是一辆汽车的零部件。

element[?elim?nt] n.元素;组成部分,方面;某特定的人或群体,分子。

The elements hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water.氢元素和氧元素构成了水。

He belongs to a bad element in this city.他属于这个城市的坏分子。

factor[?f?kt?] n.因素,要素,侧重指原因。

Endurance is an important factor in success in sports.耐力是体育比赛成功的一个重要因素。ingredient[in?ɡri:dj?nt] n.原料,成分,要素。

Flour, milk, butter and yeast are some ingredients in bread.面粉、牛奶、黄油和酵母是做面包的一些原料。

49、comprise, compose, consist, constitute, include

这一组动词都有"组成,包含"的意思。

comprise[k?m?praiz] v.包含,包括,由……组成(整体);组成,构成。

Our company's product line comprises 2,500 different items.我们公司的生产线是由2,500个不同的组成部分构成的。

compose[k?m?p?uz] v.构成(整体),组成;由……组成(后接of,常用于被动语态);创作(作曲、诗歌等)。

The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents.委员会主要由教师和学生家长组成。

consist[k?n?sist] v.组成,构成,由……组成(后接of,常用于主动语态);(后接in)在于,存在于。

The problem consists of two parts.问题由两部分组成。

The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.这计划的好处就在于简单易行。

constitute[?k?nstitju:t] v.构成,组成(整体)。

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