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人教版英语模块1Unit1friendship 语言点

人教版英语模块1Unit1friendship 语言点
人教版英语模块1Unit1friendship 语言点

⒈survey n.调查测验a detailed investigation= do a survey---v. survey e.g. They made a public opinion survey of the new law.

⒉add up

常用搭配①starve to death挨饿致死;He got lost in the jungle(丛林)and starved to death.

②starve for sth 缺乏某物,渴望获得= be starved of / for sth.= long for/be in great need of渴望,急需、迫切需要

a) e.g. I’m starved for money.我的钱不够用。b) The homeless children were starved for/of love. …渴望得到爱

③starve sb of sth. (使某人)因得不到某物而受苦或渴望获得某事物(常用被动语态be starved of)

④ feel very hungry【口】饿得慌(仅用进行时)e.g. Let’s get something to eat;I’m starving.吃点东西吧;我饿坏了。

⑤ starve sb. into doing sth. 使某人挨饿而迫使其做某事类似用法persuade sb. into doing sth./scare sb. into doing sth.

⒉ origin ①【可数名词】起源由来源头Do you know the origin of the Changjiang river. 你知道长江的源头吗?

The origins of the custom are unknown 该风俗起源不详。The tradition has its origins in the Middle Ages.该传统发源于中世纪。

②【不可数名词】血统,来历,出身。She is a woman of humble / noble origin.她是一个出身卑微/高贵的女子

original adj. 最初的,原始的; 有独创性的The original picture is in the British Museum. 这幅画的原作在大英博物馆内。

The original owner of the house moved out. 房子原先的主人搬出去了。

⒊ religion n.宗教(信仰) e.g. Politics and religion are daily topic s of conversation.政治和宗教是人们日常交谈的主要话题。religious adj. 宗教的/笃信宗教的/虔诚的/认真的Mahatma Gandhi was both a political and a religious figure in Indian history. …印度历史上是政治和宗教要人。She is a very religious person who goes to church every Sunday 她十分虔诚,每周日去做礼拜。

⒋ satisfy使... 满意e.g. Some people are very hard to satisfy. 有些人是很难使其满意的。

satisfaction n.满意;to one’s satisfaction = to the satisfaction of sb令某人感到满意的是……

satisfied adj.感到满意的.我对你的解释感到满意.

satisfying adj.his satisfying/

satisfactory adj. satisfactorily adv.满意地

⒌ harm 损害伤害harmful 有害的;harmless无害的This event didn’t harm his reputation.事件没有损害他的名誉

harm sb.=do harm to sb.=do sb harm Smoking harms our health=Smoking does harm to our health/ smoking will do you harm

⒍in memory of = to the memory of 为纪念… They set up a monument(纪念碑)in memory of those who died in the great

earthquake. 他们建造纪念碑为了纪念大地震中的死难者。“in+名词+of”结构表示某种行为的目的或性质

类似短语;in praise of 歌颂in search of 寻找in favour of 支持in the form of 以……形式in honour of 为向……表示敬意。

⒐ feast n. 节日,盛宴e.g. Christmas is an important feast for Christians 圣诞节是基督徒的一个重要节日。

v. 宴请,款待e.g. The king feasted his friends with chicken and coconuts.国王用鸡肉和椰子款待他的朋友们。

⒑ in the shape of 呈…形状;通过…方式;以……方式in shape处于良好状态;out of shape 状态不佳He show me kindness in the shape of an invitation to dinner.他以邀请我吃饭餐的形式向我表明好意。

⒒ offer 提供offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb e.g. He offered his seat to me. = He offered me his seat. 他把座位让给了我。

⒓believe v. believe sb. 相信某人的话-----believe in sb. 信任某人believe it or not 信不信由你believe me 我敢保证belief 【不可数名词】相信,信任,信心,信念【可数名词】信仰信条religious beliefs Beyond belief难以置信

⒔ dress up 乔装打扮,盛装打扮dress sb/oneself up as把别人或自己装扮成… dress up for 为……而装扮We dressed ourselves up as movie characters for the party我们为了参加聚会而把自己装扮成电影中的角色/人物。

dress sb./oneself in +衣服/颜色给别人/自己穿衣服He always dressed himself in black.

be dressed in表示某人穿着…衣服(状态);get dressed穿衣服(动作)

⒕ trick n. 诡计,欺诈,把戏v. 戏弄,欺骗= cheat / take sb. in

play a trick/ tricks on sb.搞恶作剧e.g. The naughty boy loves playing tricks on others.那个淘气的男生喜欢捉弄别人trick sb. into doing sth 哄骗某人做某事e.g. The police tricked him into making a confession. 警察诱骗他做了招供。

⒖ arrival n. 到达[U],The secretary inform ed me of his arrival. 秘书通知我他来了。(抽象不可数)到达者[C] We're expecting a new arrival(可数名词新来的人)in the family soon. 我们期待著家中不久将添一个新生儿

On one’s arrival / on arriving 某人一到达On his arrival , he was warmly welcomed by his fans. 他一到受到影迷的热烈欢迎一…就… He called me up as soon as he came back to Beijing.

the moment/the second/the minute I recognized Jack the moment he appeared in the street.杰克在街上一出现,我就认出他来了⒗ gain 得到,得到Only after ten years in the country did she gain her citizenship. 她在这个国家住了十年后才取得公民身份(钟,表) 走快This clock gains five minutes every day. 这只表每天快5分钟. 【谚语No pains, no gains.】

(经努力) 到达; 达到In the end we gained the top of the mountain.我们终于到达了山顶

⒘ independence ---independent【U】独立India gained independence from Britain in 1947. 1947年印度脱离英国而独立。

depend on = rely on 依靠,依赖dependable adj. 可靠的【It all depends.要看情况而定。】

⒙ grateful 感激的I am very grateful to you for your help/ bring the books. 很感激你的帮助/把书带来了。

⒚ admire v.欣赏,钦佩,羡慕n. admiration admire sb. for sth.因…而钦佩某人We all admire him for his courage and bravery.

⒛ look forward to (doing) sth.期待着(做) 类似用法g et down to 开始认真做… It’s time to get down to marking the papers.

⒈ heart-broken 合成形容词①“名词+过去分词” She cried at the heart-broken news.听到令人心碎的消息,她大哭起来。

②“名词+现在分词”如English-speaking说英语的/ peace-loving 热爱和平的

③“形容词+名词+ed” 如kind-hearted热心肠的/ cold-blooded 冷血的/bad-tempered坏脾气的left-handed man左撇子;

④“形容词+动词+ing”如good-looking/hardworking e.g. He was an ordinary-looking little man with thick glasses.相貌平常

⑤“形容词+名词” 如long-distance / second-hand e.g. there are fast-food restaurants in countries all over the world.快餐店

⑥“副词+过去分词”如wide-spread/highly-developed economy高度发达/ well-known著名的

⒉ turn up ①露面,出现,We invited her to dinner but she didn't even bother to turn up.我们请她吃饭她都不露面。

I expect the missing watch will turn up one day. 我希望那块丢失的手表哪一天会出现。

②发现,挖掘The farmer turned up a human skull while ploughing the field. 那农民犁地时挖掘出/发现一个人类的头颅骨。turn down 关小 / 拒绝 (=refuse ) e.g. He turned down my suggestion without hesitation. 他毫不犹豫的拒绝了我的建议。

turn off /turn on打开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等) 关Turn off the light when you leave the room. 离开教室时请关灯。

turn in 上交The child picked up a purse on the way and turned it in to the policeman. 孩子在路上拾到钱包,把它交给了警察。turn out 结果是 / 证明是 The weather yesterday turned out (to be) fine. turn…over移交;打翻;翻阅

I turned over the keys to Mr. Smith. /He turned over all the tables in anger. /He turned over one page or two and gave up.

固定搭配:turn to sb. for help/advice求助于turn a deaf ear to sth. 不听;不理睬 turn a blind eye to sth. 不看;不理睬They turned a deaf ear to the pe ople’s sufferings. 人民的痛苦/ They turned a blind eye to our demands.不理睬我们的需求。

⒊keep one’s word (=promise承诺不可加s) 信守诺言---break one’s word/promise 失信,食言

have a word with sb. 与某人说话;have words with sb.= quarrel with sb.与某人争吵

in other words= that is (to say) 换句话说,也就是说His wife is my daughter, in other words, I am his mother-in-law.

⒋ breath n.--- breathe v. 呼吸/一口气hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸the girl held her breath at the sight of (看到) a snake.

lose one’s breath/out of breath 喘不过气;save one’s breath 不要白费口舌;take a deep breath=breathe deeply 深呼吸

⒌ apology n.---apologize v, 道歉You must apologize to your sister for being so rude. 你太无理了,必须向你姐姐道歉。

为某事向某人道歉:① apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. ② make /offer an apology to sb for (doing) sth.

⒎drown v. 淹死/溺水/浸泡drown one’s sadness in借…消愁drown oneself in沉溺于/埋头于He drowned himself in work.

⒏It (形式主语)is obvious that(主语从句)=obviously e.g. It is obvious that she is telling lies. 很显然,她在说谎话。

⒐marry 结婚marry sb. 娶/嫁某人/同某人结婚(marry with sb.是错误的说法e.g. She married money. 她嫁给了一个有钱人。get married to sb.(瞬间动作)=be married to sb.(已婚状态)e.g. they married / got married ten years ago 他们十年前结婚了They have been married for ten years. 他们结婚已经十年了= It is / has been ten years since they got marred.

⒑set off for=set out for =leave for 出发去往某地;set about doing sth. 开始着手做某事;set aside 放置在一边/留出/存钱remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事e.g. This story reminds me of my childhood. 这个故事让我想起了我的童年。

remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事e.g. Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow.请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。

remind sb. that提醒某人……e.g. I reminded him that he must go home before dark. 我提醒他必须在天黑前回家

forgive sb./sth 原谅某人某事forgive me/what I said earlier. forgive sb for doing sth 原谅某人做某事forgive him for being rude.

⒈ take place/ happen/ occur/ break out ※ (sth. happens to sb不好的事情发生在某人身上It could happen to anybody.这种事谁都难免take place(不及物/无被动语态) 事先计划或意料之中的“非偶然”发生Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. happen ①偶然发生/意外事件(sth. happen=occur)e.g.An accident happened/occurred nearby yesterday. (两者此时可互换)②※“碰巧”sb. happen to do sth.(此时≠occur) We happen to hold the same view. 我们俩的想法不谋而合(持有相同的观点)。occur (正式用语) ①偶然发生That plane crash(碰撞)occurred only minutes after take-off.空难在起飞几分钟后就发生了。

② sth. occurs to sb.想到/意识到A good idea suddenly occurred to me. 忽然想到好主意。it occurred to you that he was lying break out 负面事件(战争/疾病/灾难)突然爆发the World War II broke out in 1941./ the flood (水灾)broke out in her hometown.

⒉ celebrate 以行动(聚会)庆祝仪式典礼celebrate sth./hold a celebration e.g. we had a party to celebrate our parents’ silver wedding. Congratulate 用言语(对其成功)表示祝贺congratulate sb. on sth./doing sth. we congratulated him on his success/his passing the exam.

⒊harm/hurt/injure/wound※harm sb.=do harm to sb.=do sb harm(对…有害) do no harm to sb.(对…无害)(反义harm变good即可) harm sb./sth.伤害人/物(伤及人的健康/权利/事业)smoking harms our health./ His failures did his reputation a lot of harm.声誉受损hurt指人肉体和精神以及情感上的伤害e.g. My feelings were hurt when he didn’t ask me to the party没邀请我参加聚会,伤感情injure比hurt正式,hurt多指伤痛,而injure则强调功能的损失。He injured his hand while playing basketball.打篮球时伤了手wound特指战场上受的严重刀伤枪伤Although he was seriously wounded ,he went on fighting heroically.虽受重伤,仍英勇战斗。

⒋ award/reward 前者某方面成绩显著/贡献突出奖励(授予某人…奖项award sb. sth.=award sth. to sb.=sb. be awarded sth)He was awarded 1000$ for his heroic deeds.后者对某种行为的回报酬谢She offered a reward of $2000 for information about her missing son ⒍gather/collect 前者单纯的收集(散-合)Clouds gather before a thunderstorm.后者为某目的而收集collect

stamps/coins.⒎clothing不可数/衣物总称/clothes具体衣物/复数含义/cloth布料/通常不可数⒏ custom/habit/practice

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