2014高考英语阅读理解限时训练题及答案（7）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（9）】A
You can choose happiness regardless of your circumstances. You can choose to be happy no matter what cha11enges life brings you. Let the following simple strategies guide you back to your natural happy state.
Make lemon ade（柠檬水）when life gives you lemons. Besides happiness, trouble will also be part of life. It’s how you choose to react to your situations that makes the difference. If you look at something hard enough, you’ll see the positive side of it.
Do what you love doing. Do you have a lifelong dream or desire? If so, start working towards it. Taking baby steps towards a goal will help you feel like y ou’re accomplishing something.You’ll find drive and determination to reach that goal when it’s something you love doing.
Use one of your talents. One reason why so many people are unhappy is that they’re not doing what they’re called to do with their God-given talents. Each of us has a purpose in life. You have natural talents to help you achieve your purpose, so use your talents effectively.
Call a friend who you know is positive and cheerful. Talk about your feelings and listen to their advice. Usually, people allow themselves to go deeper and deeper into self-depression. The truth is that you don’t have to be sad. You can decide to be happy. You just have to make up your mind to do so.
Gratitude is the quickest cure for sadness. When you focus on what’s wrong with your life,you forget to look at what's right and good. Take a step back and reflect on your life. Do you have children or family to be thankful for? Yes, they may not be the person we'd like them to be, but imagine life without them. Now, be thankful that you have them in your life.
Let your feelings out on paper.Often you’ll find that just getting your fee lings down on paper will allow you to work through them, helping you feel better about yourself and your beautiful life !
26. The first paragraph is used to ________.
A. expect readers to ignore themselves
B. start a discussion among readers
C. introduce the topic to readers
D. carry out a challenge among readers
27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ________.
A. trouble is part of life
B. lemonade is very delicious
C. life is full of sweetness and bitterness
D. lemons can only be used to make lemonade
28. The underlined word “God-given” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “______”.
A. diverse
B. natural
C. excellent
D. learned
29. Which of the following strategies is NOT mentioned in this text?
A. Be grateful.
B. Do ~any activities.
C. Call a cheerful friend.
D. Use one of your talents.
30. The author wrote the text for ________ people.
A. excit ed
B. depressed
C. bad-tempered
D. kind-hearted
【参考答案】26-30 CCBBB
生活就像一杯柠檬汁，有酸有甜。如何从中找到幸福感呢？本文告诉了你一些方法。
26. C。文章结构题。根据第一段主旨句Let the following simple strategies guide you back to your natural happy state.可知第一段的作用是引出主题。
27. C。推理判断题。通读第二段的Besides happiness, trouble will also be part of life.可知生活充满酸甜苦辣。
28. B。猜测词义题。从后文的You have natural talents to help you achieve your purpose, so use your talents effectively.可知：God-given意为“天生的，先天的，固有的”。
29. B。细节理解题。通读全文可知，只有B项未被提及。
30. B。推理判断题。从第一段的You can choose happiness...You can choose to be happy可推理出答案。
较难题目特训：介绍说明类
A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的)species.
The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.
Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.
The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.
There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.
Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants’ significant size differences. The savanna e lephant has an average shoulder height of 3. 5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2. 5 metres. The savanna elepha nt weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.
Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. Since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now
that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”
1. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of.
A. the Asian elephant
B. the forest elephant
C. the savanna elephant
D. the mastodon elephant
2. The underlined word “divergence” in Paragraph 4 means “."
AA. evolution B. exhibition C. separation D. examination
3. The researchers’ conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s.
A. DNA
B. height
C. weight
D. population
4. What are Alfred Roca’s words mainly about?
A. The conservation of African elephants.
B. The purpose of studying African elephants.
C. The way to divide African elephants into two units.
D. The reason for the distinction of African elephants.
5. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Naturalist s’ Beliefs about Elephants
B. Amazing Experiments about Elephants
C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants
D. A Long Scientific Debate about Elephants
参考答案45.1-5 DCAAC
阅读下列短文，从没题所给的四个选项(A, B, C, D)中选出最佳选项。
A
Nine years ago, after Leo had died, people said to me. "I never knew he was your stepfather." You see, I never called him that. At first, he was no one special in my life. Then he became my friend. In time, I felt he was also my father.
Leo married my mother when I was eleven. Two years later we moved into a house in a new suburban development, where we put down roots. At first our lawn was just a mud with wild grass, but Leo saw bright possibilities. "We'll plant trees there to give us shade as well as some flowers," he said. And just these little touches made our house different from all the others. More important, a real family was forming. Leo was becoming a full-time parent, and I was learning what it meant to have a father.
Weekday mornings when the weather was bad, Leo often drove me to school. Having a father drop you off may have been something my classmates took for granted, but I always thought it was wonderful. Saturday mornings, we went to the hardware shop, then stepped into the five-and-ten, buying a sports magazine or something else. Some people might think that doing shopping together is nothing special, but I, who had ever before spent my childhood watching other families do their everyday activities, experienced them now with extreme delight. Looking back, I realized that Leo gave me what I needed most—the experience of doing ordinary things together as a family.
Soon aft er we moved to the suburbs, one of our new neighbors introduced herself to me. She had already met my mother and Leo. "You know," she said, "you look just like your father." I knew she was just making conversation--but even so... "Thank you", I said. Why tell her anything different?
1．The writer's purpose in writing this passage is _______.
A．to show his pride to have a good stepfather
B．to show how interesting a person Leo was
C．to remi nd us of our parents
D．to explain why they moved to the suburbs
2．The phrase “put down roots”in the second paragraph means.
A．farmed B．planted C．settled D．worked
3．In the writer's opinion, _______.
A．it is not easyto live with a stepfather
B．not all the stepfathers are as good as Leo
C．the husband and wife must think more about their children before they divorce
D．in stepfamilies the love and friendship are extremely precious
4．The last sentence “Why tell her anything different?”means that.
A．he should have told the truth
B．he wouldn't tell her the truth
C．he wanted to tell her something that had nothing to do with Leo
D．he wanted to keep silence whenever he met the neighbors
参考答案ACDB
细节理解
语意转换法
◆技巧点拨
高考试题中的细节理解题大多通过语句的同义或反义转换考查学生对英语语言的理解能力。解题时要特别注意下列几点：
1．考生可先看试题，再带着问题到阅读材料中寻找正确答案，加强解题的针对性。
2．如果问题中有not，except，least，never等词时，要特别留意，不要漏看这些词或理解错误而误选答案。
3．问到what，who，when，which，where，according to the author等具体细节时，一定要以文章所谈到的内容为据，而不要凭自己的经验或观点去选择答案。
◆活学活用
阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务
(2010年山东卷)Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However，being forced to recycle often means we already have m ore material than we need. We are dealing with the results of over-consumption in the greenest way possible，but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.
The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005.It now makes up a third of a typical household's waste in the UK.In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK，for example，is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste.If such packaging is burnt，it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect.Recycling helps，but the process it self uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem，too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However，a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue，encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags，for example.
But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products，which often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle，we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture，but we have a mountain to climb.
Ⅰ.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Ⅱ.根据所读短文，选出最佳答案
1．What does the underlined phrase “over-consumption” refer to?
A．Using too much packaging.
B．Recycling too many wastes.
C．Making more products than necessary.
D．Having more material than is needed.
2．The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show ________.
A．the tendency of cutting household waste
B．the increase of packaging recycling
C．the rapid growth of super markets
D．the fact of packaging overuse
3．According to the text，recycling ________.
A．helps control the greenhouse effect
B．means burning packaging for energy
C．is the solution to gas shortage
D．leads to a waste of land
4．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A．Unpackaged products are of bad quality.
B．Supermarkets care more about packaging.
C．It is improper to judge quality by packaging.
D．Other products are better packaged than food.
5．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Fighting wastefulness is difficult.
B．Needless material is mostly recycled.
C．People like collecting recyclable waste.
D．The author is proud of their consumer culture.
参考答案
Ⅰ
Recycling is one way to help environment，but what's most important is that we don't over-consume or pay too much attention to packaging when we are shopping.(27 words) Ⅱ
1．解析：从前句的being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need知道我们是在“过度消费”或“过量消费”。
答案：D
2．解析：increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005说明包装盒的消费量增长迅速，由此可知答案。
答案：D
3．解析：从Recycling helps可知答案。
答案：A
4．解析：人们习惯了把包装与产品质量联系起来，意为包装不好的东西就意味着品质不好。
答案：C
5．解析：从最后一句We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture，but we have a mountain to climb可知答案。
答案：A