Unit 1
To the Student’s Book
TEXT 1
1.Pre-Reading Questions
√ 1. The writer describes what his first job was like.
__ 2. The writer wanted to have a job because he wanted some experience.
√ 3. The writer found his first job unpleasant
__ 4. The writer enjoyed his first job
2.The Main Idea(P4)
(3)The writer was interviewed by the headmaster of a school and was offered a job which was none too pleasant.
3.Vocabulary(P5)
A. Guessing the meanings of words:
1. f
2. h
3. c
4. b
5. g
6. e
7. d
8. a
B. Looking up words in a dictionary:
1. inconvenient and uncomfortable
2. sad; low in spirits
3. gloomy; cheerless
4. make a short, deep, rough sound (like a pig), showing dissatisfaction
5. very necessary
6. shock deeply; fill with fear
7. timidly
8. greatest; extreme
4.Questions(P7)
1. What are big staring sash-windows?
Reference Answer: They are very large windows, so large that they look like people’s wide open eyes.
1.What is the implied meaning of ―they struggled to survive the dust and fumes from a busy main road’?
Reference Answer: They (the four evergreen shrubs) did their best to remain alive in spite of the dust and smoke from a main road with heavy traffic.
2.Describe the appearance of the headmaster in your own words.
Reference Answer: He was short and stout. He grew a moustache which was pale reddish yellow. His forehead was covered with freckles.
3.What impression did the hall give the writer?
Reference Answer: It was a narrow, dim (unlighted) hall which had an offensive odor of dried up cabbage. The walls, once painted in cream color, had darkened to the color of margarine and in a few places were marked with ink stains. Silence prevailed in the hall.
5. Why do you think the headmaster had ―bloodshot eyes?
Reference Answer: Perhaps he liked to have a drop too much.
6.What kind of class was the writer asked to teach?
Reference Answer: It was a class of 24 boys who were from seven to thirteen years.
7.Why was the writer diffident when asking about his salary?
Reference Answer: Because he had little self-confidence as he was young and it was the first time he had had an interview. Besides, perhaps he was not used to asking about money matters.
8.What is meant by ―This was the last straw?
Reference Answer: The phrase ―the last straw comes from the saying ―It is the last straw that breaks the camel’s back. What the saying means is that ―straw is very light in weight, but if you increase the burden on the camel’s back straw by straw, eventually you will put on his back one straw too many, and that last straw will break his back.‖When used figuratively, ―the last straw means ―an addition to a set of troubles which makes them unbearable. Here in the text, the writer regards his having to work under a woman as an additional source of annoyance which would make the job all the more intolerable.
9.What was the writer’s impression of the headmaster? How did he arrive at this? Reference Answer: His impression was unfavorable. To the writer, the headmaster was a short, stout, freckle-foreheaded, bald man, with a big unpleasant paunch. As the headmaster was not as neatly dressed as a gentleman was supposed to be, he gave the impression of having always worn the same suit. Probably he was badly off. He received the young man with a look of surprised disapproval and during the whole interview he assumed an air of condescension, 4 which was quite annoying to the young man. Moreover, the headmaster made great demands on the young man, while he himself did not seem to know much about teaching.
10.Tell what you know about the young writer.
Reference Answer: The writer was a young school leaver waiting to enter university. He was badly in need of money and he seemed to be a man of vitality and energy. He wanted to do something useful that could bring him some money. He did not have much experience in life, nor in teaching. He looked very bashful, having little self-confidence. Fearing that he might not get the job, he was careful about what he said. He had to do what he did not like to do. To make matters worse, he had to work under a woman, which was the most humiliating thing to a man of his age, but whether he liked it or not, he had to take the job.
TO WORKBOOK
TEXT 1 ( P2 )
My First Job
Comprehension
A. True (T) or False (F)?
1. The writer thought that the likelihood of him getting the job was not great though he was young and eager to do something useful.
T
2. The headmaster liked the young man at first sight.
F
The headmaster did not like the young man when he went for an interview. He looked at him with surprised disapproval and, instead of showing welcome to the young man, he just grunted, which
was an expression of irritation and displeasure
3. The headmaster saw eye to eye with the writer as far as children’s games were concerned.
F
They did not think alike. To the headmaster, games played an essential role in a boy’s education but the writer did not consider games to have so much importance to the boys.
4. The writer was not happy about his having to teach algebra and geometry, but he did not mind having to walk a mile along the dusty road to the Park.
T
5. The young man was satisfied with the salary he would get.
F
The young man would only get twelve pounds a week including lunch, which was by no means good pay. Of course the writer was not satisfied. However, before he could say anything about the poor pay, the headmaster had stood up and asked the young man to meet his wife.
6. The writer did not feel unhappy at the idea of working under the headmaster’s wife.
F
The writer thought it was something he could hardly bear. To him, for a young man to work under a woman would be shameful and would result in a loss of dignity and self-respect.
B. Explain the following in your own words.
1. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience of teaching my chances of landing the job were slim. Because I was in bad need of money and was eager to do something of use, I applied for the job. But at the same time that I did so, I was afraid that the possibility for me to get the job was very small because I didn’t have a university degree, nor did I have any teaching experience.
2. ...three days later a letter arrived, summoning me to Croydon for an interview.
… three days later I received a letter, asking me to go to Croydon to have an interview.
3. He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone.
He cast a look at me with the same surprise and dislike as a colonel would look at a soldier when his bootlaces came loose.
4. The headmaster and I obviously had singularly little in common.
Apparently the headmaster and I had no similar interests or beliefs.
5. The teaching set-up appalled me.
The way teaching was organized filled me with terror (or, I was shocked at the teaching arrangements).
6. I should have to split the class up into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels.
I should have to divide the class into three groups of three different levels and teach them one after another.
7. It was not so much having to tramp a mile along the dusty streets of Croydon, followed by a crocodile of small boys that I minded, but the fact that most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.
I felt troubled not because I had to walk for a mile along the dusty streets of Croydon, followed by
a group of boys, but because at that time most of my friends would be having a good time and relaxing.
8. The prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.
The fact that I would have to work under a woman in future made me feel totally humiliated. TEXT 2 ( P3 )
How to Do Well on a Job Interview
Comprehension
True (T) or False (F)
1. Most people think that a job interview is a terrible experience. Key: T
2. You’re often given a reason if you’re not hired after an interview.
Key: F If you don’t get the job, you’re rarely given any reason why.
3. You should neither wear casual student clothing nor overdress yourself when going to an interview. Key: T
4. To demonstrate your ability to be politely sociable, you should initiate small talk before getting down to business.
Key: F
You should follow the interviewer’s lead and should not initiate any small talk or drag it out. 5.You should be frank and list all your flaws to the interviewer.
Key: F
You’ll come across as more believable if you admit a flaw –but make it one that an employer might actually like.
6. A thank-you note shortly after the interview is one more chance to help you make a good impression. Key: T
TEXT 3 ( P4 )
Comprehension
1. F (It is looking for people who are able to sell the benefits of the classified columns by telephone.)
2. T
3. F (It is important.)
4. F (Drive here is a noun, meaning “a forceful quality of mind or spirit that gets things done” or “initiative” (动力、干劲). Applicants must possess this sort of “drive.”)
5. F (It’s a job that anyone who thinks he is qualified can apply for.)
6. T
GUIDED WRITING
1.Sentence Combination( P5 )
Reference Version:
I love travelling by train. Fast expresses, slow local trains which stop at every station, suburban trains taking businessmen to their offices and home again; I enjoy them all. It must be the element of romance that attracts me. There is no romance on motorway, which is a box of metal and rubber on a strip of concrete, or in flying through the air in a pressurized tube from one identical plastic and glass airport to another. But trains are different. On a train, you can walk around, look at the scenery, observe your fellow passengers; whereas in a plane all you can see are the clouds and the back of other people’s heads. And then there are the stations. Some, I’m afraid, have become too like airport; others, fortunately, are old and dirty, full of unexpected details and with their own individual peculiarities. Traveling by train remains an adventure, as you try to interpret the
timetable, persuade the booking office clerk to sell you a ticket and understand the incomprehensible messages coming over the loudspeaker system. Then there is that delightful uncertainty as you wonder whether you are on the right train, or the right part of the train. There’s nothing like it.
2.Precis writing ( P7 )
I applied for my first job before I entered university because I was short of money. The school where I applied for a job was ten miles away from where I lived and I was not sure if I could get the job. However, after a terrible journey I was so depressed that I no longer felt nervous. The Victorian schoolhouses stood amid fumes and dust main road. The headmaster was not at all scholarly, neither was the inside of the house academic looking. By and by I discovered that the headmaster and I had very little in common. He wanted me to teach twenty-four boys from seven to thirteen who, were to be split up into three levels. I had to teach everything including the subjects I abhorred (憎恶). Furthermore, I had to work on Saturdays too. The pay was low. To top it all, I had to work under a woman, the headmaster’s wife, who was the real manager of the school.
3.Paragraph Writing( (略)
4.Letter Writing （P8）
1.
Flat 301, 574 Daxing Street
Xining, Qinghai 810056
15 June, 20 __
Dear Prof. Qing,
2.
Flat 402, 583 Ningpo Road,
Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325008
December 20, 20 __
Dear Uncle Ming,
3.
609 Grant Street
Enterprise, OR 97828
U.S.A.
March 2, 20 __
COMPREHENSIVE EXERCISES
1. Spelling ( P9 )
1. advertise
2. suburb
3. range
4. interview
5. quarter
6. depress
7. dreary
8. indignity
9. disapproval 10. geometry 11. singularly 12. leisure
2. Dictation ( P9 )
The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Sullivan, came to me. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old. On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant, I guessed from my mother’s signs and from the hurrying in the house that something unusual was about to happen, so I went to the door and waited on the steps. Hanging down from the porch was sweet-smelling
honeysuckle. My fingers lightly touched the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring. I did not know what surprise the future held for me.
I felt approaching footsteps. I stretched out my hand as I supposed to my mother. Someone took it, and I was caught up and held close in the arms of her who had come to help me discover all things to me, and, more than anything thing else, to love me.
3. Listening Comprehension ( P10 )
A. True (T) or False (F)?
1. Henry would have liked his interview to begin at once. T
2. The secretary waited in the manager’s office while the manager signed the letters.
F
The manager signed the last letter and then rang the bell for his secretary to come in and take the letters away.
3. The technical journals were very carefully arranged on the top shelf.
F
It looked as if the technical journals might at any moment slip off the shelf and fall to the ground.
4. The manager’s desk was very tidy.T
5. The manager had no idea what job Henry had come for.
F
The manager knew what job Henry had come for; he said, “You’ve come about our advertisement for a clerk in the accounts section, haven’t you?”
B. Complete the following sentences with relevant information from the passage.
1. The telephone rang just as the manager was explaining t that he was waiting for a long-distance call from Manchester.
2. The manager apologized for keeping Henry waiting.
3. The bookcase was so large that it covered the greater part of one wall.
4. In the box which marked OUT, the manager dropped the letters which he had signed.
4. Translation ( P10 )
A. Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English.
1.他们都认为他成功的可能性很小。
They all believed that he had a slim chance of success.
（“可能性小”可以用a slim chance来表示）
2.我不知道她为何总带有一种闷闷不乐的神情。
I don’t know why she has an air of sadness all the time.
（air有“神态、外观”的意思，这里的“神情”即可用air表示）
3. 等到所有同学都就座后，学生会主席才开始宣布野营的日程安排。
It was after all the students had taken their seats that the president of the students’ union proceeded to announce the camping itinerary.
（这句话翻译的时候可以用强调句，强调前半句；另外，proceed to本意是“着手、继续”，这里的“开始宣布”可以翻译成proceed to annouce）
4. 胃是人体至关重要的器官，请善待之。
The stomach is a vital organ of the human body; please take good care of it.
（“至关重要”用vital表示，“善待之”可以用take good care of it表示）
5. 他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事是荒唐的。
He considered it ridiculous for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine
trifles.（“如此重视某事”用attach so much importance to something来表示，“日常琐事”用routine trifles表示）
6. 她的研究涉及到多种语言和文化，富有挑战性。
Her study, which ranged over many languages and cultures, was full of challenge.
（“包括、涉及”可以用range over表示；“涉及到多种语言和文化”翻译时可以作定语从句，修饰her study）
7. 根据安排，全体工作人员轮流值晚班。
As is scheduled, all the members of the staff take turns to do late duty.
（schedule有“安排、计划”的意思，因此“根据安排”可以翻译为as is scheduled；“轮流做某事”用take turns to do something表示）
8. 想到要远离父母独立生活，她深感不安。
She was greatly upset at the thought of leaving her parents and living on her own in a remote area. （“对某种想法深感不安”可以用be greatly upset at the thought来表示）
9. 对于她是否胜任这项工作我们不甚担心，我们担心的是她的健康问题。
We do not worry so much about her qualifications for the job as about her health.
（“担心B胜过担心A”可以用do not worry so much about A as about B来表示）
10. 想到要作一次环球航海旅行，他为之激动不已。
He was greatly excited about the prospect of having a cruise around the world.
（“激动不已”可以用be greatly excited about表示；prospect有“预期”的意思，原文虽然没有这个表述，但是“作一次环球航海旅行”还没实现，所以可以用prospect表示这是想象中的、还没有发生事情）
B. Translate the following into English.
在弗雷德看来，面试进行得很顺利。五天前他曾向一家小公司申请工作，现在那公司的一名董事正在对他进行面试。
From Fred’s point of view, the interview was going very smoothly indeed. Five days before, he had applied for a job at a small business company and now he was being interviewed by one of its directors.
在这之前弗雷德一直在当推销员。他现在想调工作并不是因为缺钱，而是因为作为一名推销员他几乎没有空闲的时间。
Fred had been working as a salesman. He wanted to change his job not because he was short of money, but because as a salesman he could hardly enjoy any leisure at all.
弗雷德在谈话前很着急，生怕头脑发昏说错话，但是很幸运他发现自己同这位董事的共同之处颇多。
Fred had been worried that he might lose his head and say something silly, but fortunately he found that he had a lot in common with the director.
显然这位董事很满意。正当弗雷德在想着自己很可能得到工作时，董事接着问他：“你愿意加班吗?”
It was clear that the director was quite satisfied. Fred was thinking that his chances of landing the job were favourable when the director proceeded to ask, “Do you mind working overtime?”
5. Blank Filling ( P12 )
A. 1. a round-faced girl 2. a bald-headed man
3. a white-haired woman
4. a blue eyed baby
5. a broad-shouldered worker
6. a regular-featured young woman
7. a curly-haired child 8. a bushy-browed old man
9. an even-tempered teacher 10. a clear-headed young man
B. 1.enlargements 2. shortage 3. washable 4. survivors 5. advertisement
6. knowledge
7. constitution
8. nervousness
9. interviewee 10. arrival
C. 1. walked 2. was covered 3. was drawing 4. placed 5. gushed
6. spelled
7. fixed
8. felt
9. was revealed 10. knew
11. meant 12. was flowing 13. awakened 14. gave 15. set
16. were 17. is 18. could be swept 19. left 20. had
21. gave 22. returned 23. touched 24. seemed 25. was
26. saw 27. had come 28. remembered 29. had broken 30. felt
31. picked 32. tried 33. were filled 34. realized 35. had done
D. https://www.doczj.com/doc/9116687270.html,nguage 2. spoken/said 3. ourselves 4. without 5. read
6. be
7. it
8. compose
9. correct 10. organize
11. way 12. great 13. just 14. grammar 15. by
16. their 17. how 18. memorize 19. learning 20.for
21. piece 22. language 23. and 24. whenever
E. 1. attaches great importance to 2. survived
3. competent, applied for
4. have much in common
5. Judging by
6. get to his feet
7. ranging in price 8. a crocodile of, ranging in age
9. Being 10. not so much, but the fact that
6. Sentence Rewriting ( P15 )
Rewrite each of the following sentences, using an -ing participle.
A.Example:
I was very short of money and I applied for the job.
Being very short of money, I applied for the job.
The -ing participle phrase beginning with being is used as an adverbial denoting cause or reason.
1. He was too late to catch the train, so he hired a taxi to go to the station.
Being too late to catch the train, he hired a taxi to go to the station.
2. He was very tired from walking and so he sat down to take a rest.
Being very tired from walking, he sat down to take a rest.
3. As Jane was in poor health, she was unable to attend school regularly.
Being in poor health, Jane was unable to attend school regularly.
4. John was in debt and that was why he was not able to send his son to university.
Being in debt, John was not able to send his son to university.
B.Example:
He fixed me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes and asked me a number of questions.
Fixing me suddenly with bloodshot eyes, he asked me a number of questions.
The -ing participle phrase is used as an adverbial denoting accompanying circumstances.
1. He turned to the left and found the red brick house.
Turning to the left, he found the red brick house.
2. The headmaster looked at me coldly and asked me to come in.
Looking at me coldly, the headmaster asked me to come in.
3. When I was talking with the headmaster, I knew it was his wife that really ran the school. Talking with the headmaster, I knew it was his wife that really ran the school.
4. I saw his wife coming into the room, and I stood up.
Seeing his wife coming into the room, I stood up.
C. Example:
This class consisted of twenty-four boys, who ranged in age from seven to thirteen.
This class consisted of twenty-four boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen.
The -ing participle phrase is used as a relative clause equivalent.
1. The department store next door has got nice cardigans at different prices, which range from ￥200 to ￥450 each.
The department store next door has got nice cardigans at different prices, ranging from ￥200 to ￥450 each.
2. On this matter he showed all sorts of feelings, which ranged from bitterness to hope.
On this matter he showed all sorts of feelings, ranging from bitterness to hope.
3. The average daily temperature here in this month varies greatly. It ranges from 5℃to 20℃. The average daily temperature here in this month varies greatly, ranging from 5℃to 20℃.
4. This village exports agricultural products of various kinds, which range from rice to garlic. This village exports agricultural products of various kinds, ranging from rice to garlic.
Unit 1 1. 他们都认为他成功的可能性很小。 They all believed that his chances of success were slim. 2. 我不知道她为何总带有一种闷闷不乐的神情。 I don’t know why she always has an air of sadness. 3. 等到所有同学都就座后，学生会主席才开始宣布野营的日程安排。After all students were seated, the president of the students’ union proceeded to announce the camping itinerary. 4. 胃是人体至关重要的器官，请善待之。 Please take good care of our stomach which is a vital organ of our human body. 5、他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事是荒唐的。 He considered it absurd for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine trifles. 6. 她的研究涉及多种语言和文化，富有挑战性。 Her study was full of challenge, which was concerned with many languages and cultures. 7. 根据安排，全体工作人员依次值晚班。 As is scheduled, all staff should take turns to do late duty. 8. 想到要远离父母独自生活，她深感不安。 She felt upset at the thought of leaving her parents and having an independent living in a remote area.
新编英语语法教程（第6版）第21讲练习参考答案Ex. 21A was sorry to learn… will be sad to hear… would be very surprised to receive… is happy to have found… was afraid to go… was pleased to hear… am very anxious to meet you. were delighted to receive your telegram. were sensible to stay indoors. clerk was prompt to answer the call. rule is easy to remember. are reluctant to leave this neighbourhood. house is difficult to heat. you ready to leave would be foolish to go out in this weather. is quick to see the point. is very keen to get on. are proud to have him as a friend. was rude not to answer your letter. are happy to have you with us this evening. Ex. 21B decision to resign surprised all of us. showed no inclination to leave.
导论———语法层次 0.1 词素 1）自由词素 2）粘附词素 0.2 词 1）简单词、派生词、符合词 2）封闭词类和开放词类 0.3 词组 1）名词词组 2）动词词组 3）形容词词组 4）副词词组 5）介词词组 0.4分句 1）独立分句和从属分句 2）简单分句和复杂分句 3）主句和从句 4）限定分句、非限定性分句、无动词分句0.5 句子 1）完全句和不完全句 2）简单句、并列句、复杂句、并列复杂句 第1讲句子结构 1.1 主谓结构和句子分析 1）主语和谓语 2）句子分析 1.2 基本句型及其转换与扩大 1）基本句型 2）基本句型的转换与扩大 第2讲主谓一致（一） 2.1指导原则 1）语法一致 2）意义一致和就近原则 2.2 以-s 结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题1）以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称 2）以-s结尾的学科名称 3）以-s结尾的地理名称 4）其他以-s结尾的名词 2.3 以集体名词作主语的主谓一致问题 1) 通常作复数的集体名词 2）通常作不可数名词的集体名词 3）既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词 4）a committee of 等+复数名词
第3讲主谓一致（二） 3.1 以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题 1）由and/both... And 连接的并列主语 2）由or/nor/either...or 等连接的并列主语 3）主语+as much as 等 4）主语+as well as 等 3.2 以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一直问题1）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语 2) 以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语 3.3 其他方面的主谓一致问题 1）以名词性分句作主语的主谓一致问题 2）以非限定分句作主语的主谓一致问题 3）关系分句中的主谓一致问题 4）分裂句中的主谓一致问题 5）存在句中的主谓一致问题 第4讲 4.1 名词分类和名词词组的句法功能 1）名词分类 2）名词词组的句法功能 4.2 名词的数 1）规则复数和不规则复数 2）集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词的数4.3 单位词 1）一般表示个数的单位词 2）表示形状的单位词 3）表示容积的单位词 4）表示动作状态的单位词 5）表示成双、成对、成群的单位词 第5讲 5.1 名词属格的构成、意义和用法 1）名词属格的构成 2）名词属格的意义 3）名词属格的用法 5.2 独立属格和双重属格 1）独立属格 2）双重属格 第6讲限定词（一） 6.1限定词与三类名词的搭配关系 1）能与三类名词搭配的限定词 2）只能与单数名词搭配的限定词 3）只能与复数名词搭配的限定词
Unit 1 在弗雷德看来，面试进行得很顺利。五天前他曾向一家小公司申请工作，现在那公司的一名董事正在对他进行面试。 在这之前弗雷德一直在当推销员。他现在想调工作并不是因为缺钱，而是因为作为一名推销员他几乎没有空闲的时间。 弗雷德在谈话前很担心，生怕头脑发昏说错话，但是很幸运他发现自己同这位董事的共同之处颇多。 显然这位董事很满意。正当弗雷德在想着自己很可能得到工作时，董事接着问他：“你愿意加班吗?” In Fred’s view, the interview was going very smoothly indeed. Five days before, he had applied for a job at a small business company and now he was being interviewed by one of its directors. Fred had been working as a salesman. He wanted to change his job not because he was short of money, but because as a salesman he could hardly enjoy any leisure at all. Fred had been worried that he might lose his head and say something silly, but fortunately he found that he had a lot in common with the director. It was clear that the director was quite satisfied. Fred was thinking that his chances of landing the job were favourable when the director proceeded to ask, “Do you mind working over time?” Unit 2 B.汉译英 汤姆一开始同父亲谈话就想直截了当地把自己的意思说出来。“爸爸，我作了一个重要的决定，我打算参军去（go into the services）。”父亲很吃惊，不赞同地看着他。“你不应该先得到学位吗？你总有机会服役的，在你……” “可是，爸爸，我今年无论如何会被征入伍的（be drafted）。”汤姆急着打断父亲说。“所以为什么不现在入伍呢（enlist）? 如果入伍了，我得到技术培训的机会就会更多些。要知道，那是很重要的。” “嗯……”父亲插嘴说，“你在大学里第一年学得不错，现在不是你离开学校的时候。” “爸爸，我大学一年级的成绩不很理想，我想我是赶不上其他同学的了。此外，我知道你多么不愿意背债（get into debt），要我成为你的负担，那么我永远不会觉得好受（feel right about）。” 听了这些，汤姆的父亲无言以对，但是他最终说了这么一句话：“我想也许你最好同你母亲谈一下。” As soon as Tom began his talk with his father, he wanted to gain his point directly. “I’ve made an important decision, Dad. I’m going into the services.” Tom’s father looked at him with an air of surprised disapproval. “Shouldn’t you get your degree first? You can always do your military service after …” “But Dad, I’ll be drafted this year anyway,” Tom interrupted
1 由于缺少资金，整个计划失败了The whole plan fell through for want of fund. 2 牛顿被公认为是世界最杰出的科学家之一。Newton is actnowledged as one of the world;s most eminent scientists. 3 他对生产成本的估算总是准确无误He calcuates the cost of production with invariable accuracy 4 公司发言人的不负责任的讲话受到了严厉的指责The spokesman of the corporation was berated for his irresponsible words. 5 这名商业银行的年轻职员看出那张十英镑的假币The young clerk from the commercial bank soitted thecorinterfeit ten-pound note. 6 这个精干的经理立刻行动起来The efficient manager acted promptly 7 请把候补名单上她的名字换成你的名字Pleasure replace her name for yours on the waiting list 8 她觉得她在当地综合医院任实习医师是一段宝贵的经历Shen found that her internship in the local general hospital was a rewarding experience 9 不要感叹过去得不幸，振作起来行前看Don't lament your past misfortunes., keep your shin up and look to the future 1 富兰克林在他的自传里力劝读者要勤俭Franklin exhorted readers to be diligent and thrifty in his Autobiography. 2.谁能证实这签名无讹Who can attest to the genuineness of the signature? 3. 人们给它起了小家伙的绰号。。。He is dubbed “Tiny” because he looks so small for his age. 4.他试图为自己拒绝接受这一劝告辩解He tried to rationalize his refusal to take the advice. 5. 他的一番话引起了我们的不满His words incurred our displeasure. 6. 要我们在这么短的时间内完成这一项工作几乎是不可能的It is virtually
Unit 1 To the Student’s Book TEXT 1 Pre-Reading Questions √ 1. The writer describes what his first job was like. __ 2. The writer wanted to have a job because he wanted some experience. √ 3. The writer found his first job unpleasant __ 4. The writer enjoyed his first job 2.The Main Idea(P4) (3)The writer was interviewed by the headmaster of a school and was offered a job which was none too pleasant. 3.Vocabulary(P5) A. Guessing the meanings of words: 1. f 2. h 3. c 4. b 5. g 6. e 7. d 8. a B. Looking up words in a dictionary: 1. inconvenient and uncomfortable 2. sad; low in spirits 3. gloomy; cheerless 4. make a short, deep, rough sound (like a pig), showing dissatisfaction 5. very necessary 6. shock deeply; fill with fear 7. timidly 8. greatest; extreme 4.Questions(P7) 1. What are big staring sash-windows? Reference Answer: They are very large windows, so large that they look like people’s wide open eyes. What is the implied meaning of ―they struggled to survive the dust and fumes from a busy main road’? Reference Answer: They (the four evergreen shrubs) did their best to remain alive in spite of the dust and smoke from a main road with heavy traffic. Describe the appearance of the headmaster in your own words. Reference Answer: He was short and stout. He grew a moustache which was pale reddish yellow. His forehead was covered with freckles. What impression did the hall give the writer? Reference Answer: It was a narrow, dim (unlighted) hall which had an offensive odor of dried up cabbage. The walls, once painted in cream color, had darkened to the color of margarine and in a few places were marked with ink stains. Silence prevailed in the hall. 5. Why do you think the headmaster had ―bloodshot eyes? Reference Answer: Perhaps he liked to have a drop too much. What kind of class was the writer asked to teach? Reference Answer: It was a class of 24 boys who were from seven to thirteen years.
新编英语语法教程（第六版）第02讲练习参考答案 Ex. 2A 1. SVC Within the stricken area, not a single soul remained alive, and the city centre looked as if it had been razed by monster steam-roller. 2. SV The bomb exploded 1,000 ft. above the ground. 3. SVO On August 6, 1945, an American aircraft dropped a bomb on the Japanese town of Hiroshima. 4. SvoO Three days later, yet another bomb of the same kind gave the town of Nagasaki the same fatal blow. 5. SVOC The explosion made one and a half square miles of the city an expense of reddish rubble. 6. SV A Within the fraction of a second, the bomb changed from a metal cylinder into an immense mass of expanding gas, millions of degrees hot. 7. SVOA A tremendous blast of hot air whirled the debris of stone, concrete, metal, and wood over the ground.
1. 他们都认为他成功的可能性很小。 They all believed that he had a slim chance of success. 2. 我不知道她为何总带有一种闷闷不乐的神情。 I don’t know why she has an air of sadness all the time. 3. 等到所有同学都就座后，学生会主席才开始宣布野营的日程安排。 It was after all the students had taken their seats that the president of the students’union proceeded to announce the camping itinerary. 4. 胃是人体至关重要的器官，请善待之。 The stomach is a vital organ of the human body; please take good care of it. 5. 他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事是荒唐的。 He considered it ridiculous for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine trifles. 6. 她的研究涉及到多种语言和文化，富有挑战性。 Her study, which ranged over many languages and cultures, was full of challenge. 7. 根据安排，全体工作人员轮流值晚班。 As is scheduled, all the members of the staff take turns to do late duty. 8. 想到要远离父母独立生活，她深感不安。 She was greatly upset at the thought of leaving her parents and living on her own in a remote area. 9. 对于她是否胜任这项工作我们不甚担心，我们担心的是她的健康问题。We do not worry so much about her qualifications for the job as about her health. 10. 想到要作一次环球航海旅行，他为之激动不已。 He was greatly excited about the prospect of having a cruise around the world. 1. 看着自己孩提时代的玩具，我不禁疑惑起自己当年为何如此喜欢它们了。When looking at some children’s toys I played with during my childhood, I can’t help but wonder why I liked them so much then. 2. 一些官员指出：给银行高管发巨额奖金显示有必要实施某些金融改革。Some officials point out that the lavish bonuses to bank executives show the need for certain financial reforms. 3. 会长简单地陈述了马上要做的事，即选出一个秘书和财务管理人。 The president of the society briefly stated the business in hand, namely to choose a secretary and treasurer. 4. 与其因此发火，我们还不如想想该怎么办。 Instead of getting all riled up about this, we should try to figure out what to do. 5. 要是你爱上一个已经有男朋友的女孩又会怎样呢？你会告诉她你喜欢她吗？ What if you fall in love with a girl who is already attached with a boy friend? Will you tell her that you like her? 6. 他喜欢得意地欣赏自己赢得的所有奖品，他把这些奖品存放在一个玻璃柜里。 He likes to gloat over all the prizes he has won, which he keeps in a glass case. 7. 为了我们的所有孩子，请大家记住这一点，在选举日投出你明智的一票。For the sake of all of our children, please keep this in mind and vote sensibly on election day. 8. 上个月我们减少了外出吃饭的次数，因此节省了一大笔开销。 Last month we cut back on the amount we were eating out, so we saved a lot of money. 9. 之前我从未想过去尝试让“脸谱（Facebook）”成为联系老朋友的一个途径，但是我试了一下，就和多年前的一些老朋友取得了联系。 It never occurred to me to try Facebook as a way of connecting with old friends, but I tried it and got in touch with some friends from years ago. 10. 一位驻伊拉克的美军高级司令官宣布，伊拉克军队准备在美军撤走其战斗部队后接管安全工作。 A top U.S. military commander in Iraq declares that Iraqi forces are ready to take over security operations when the U.S. withdraws its combat troops. 1. 凡是听到她不幸遭遇的人无不深表同情。 No one who has heard about her misfortune will not feel deep sympathy for her. 2. 他提出这个问题是出于好奇心，而非出于求知欲。 He asked the question out of mere curiosity rather than out of any genuine desire for knowledge. 3. 这位年轻学者专心致志地开发新型的电脑翻译软件，他深信在不久的将来自己会成名。 1
Dictation Unit 1 The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Sullivan, came to me. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old. On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant, I guessed from my mother’s sign and from the hurrying in the house that something unusual was about to happen, so I went to the door and waited on the steps. Hanging down from the porch was sweet-smelling honeysuckle. My fingers lightly touched the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring. I did not know what surprise the future held for me. I felt approaching footsteps. I stretched out my hand as I supposed to my mother. Someone took it, and I was caught up and held close in the arms of her who had come to help me discover all things to me, and, more than anything else, to love me. Translation: 1.They al believe that he had a slim chance of success. 2.I didn’t know why she has an air of sadness all the time. 3.It was after all the students had taken their seats that the president of the students’ union proceeded to announce the camping itinerary. 4.The stomach is a vital organ of the human body; please take good care of it. 5.He considered it ridiculous for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine trifles. 6.Her study, which ranged over many languages and cultures, was full of challenge. 7.As is scheduled, all the members of the stuff take turns to do late duty. 8.She was greatly upset at the thought of leaving her parents and living on her own in a remote area. 9.We do not worry so much about her qualifications for the job as about her health. 10.He was greatly excited about the prospect of leaving a cruise around the world. Paragraph translation From Fred’s point of view, the interview was very smoothly indeed. Five days before, he had applied for a job at a small business company and now he was being interviewed by one of its directors. Fred had been working as a salesman. He wanted to change his job not because he was short of money, but because as a salesman he could hardly enjoy any leisure at all. Fred had been worried that he might lose his head and say something silly, but fortunately he found that he had a lot in common with the director. It was clear that the director was quite satisfied. Fred was thinking that his chances of landing the job were favorable when the director proceeded to ask, “Do you mind working overtime?”
第三单元练习册答案 Comprehension A.（P32） 1. Anne Hathaway got Shakespeare’s real estate. A person’s whole property can be categorized into two kinds: real estate and personal estate. The former refers to land and buildings and the latter refers to money and other kinds of property. Shakespeare left his second best bed and furniture to his wife and the greater part of his estate to Susanna Hall. 2. For Anne Hathaway and his married daughter the most interesting part of the will was his signature because without it, the will would not have been valid. Shakespeare was a popular playwright in his day and an author of high standing. There was nothing unusual in his will, but his signature in the will and other signatures were all we have left of his handwriting, so to historians it is the most important and interesting part of the will, it was not so to his wife and daughter in this sense. 3. Every detail of Shakespeare’s life is fact as well as supposition. Many of his activities are vague to us, and he left behind a great many questions that experts have been trying to answer ever since: the exact date of his birth, the real source of his amazingly detailed knowledge of so many different subjects, his whereabouts during the seven years after departure from Stratford in 1585, the identity of the beautiful “dark lady” and the mystery about his manuscripts. We can well say that almost every detail of his personal life is based on supposition. 4. Shakespeare is considered to have been born in Roman times. “Roman times”, refers to the time beginning from the first century up to the fifth century. In the text the writer is stating that many details of Shakespeare’s personal life are so vague to us that it seems as if he had been born in Roman times. 5. People in every country r ead Shakespeare’s work with fear. Shakespeare was one of the literary geniuses of all times. His numerous tragedies and comedies as well as verses have won him worldwide fame. He is respected for his amazingly detailed knowledge of different subjects. People all over the world read his work with great admiration and profound respect, not fear. 6. Shakespeare’s Elizabethan English is not very difficult to people who understand modern English. This is not so. Elizabethan English belongs to the period of early modern English which is quite different from contemporary English and so it is difficult to understand. 7. It is a waste of time for tourists to go to Shakespeare’s birthplace. Since Shakespeare’s plays have won him great fame and since he was a literary genius rare in history, and he enjoyed such a fine reputation, it cannot be considered a waste of time to make the journey to Stratford to see his birthplace and his plays at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre because these have become things of historic interest.
第1单元避免两词铭记两词 在生活中，没有什么比顿悟更令人激动和兴奋的，它可以改变一个人——不仅仅是改变，而且变得更好。当然，这种顿悟是很罕见的，但仍然可以发生在我们所有人身上。它有时来自一本书，一个说教或一行诗歌，有时也来自一个朋友。 在曼哈顿一个寒冷的冬天的下午，我坐在一个法国小餐馆，倍感失落和压抑。因为几次误算，在我生命中一个至关重要的项目就这样落空了。就因为这样，甚至连期望看到一个老朋友（我常常私下亲切的想到的一个老人）的情形都不像以前那样令我兴奋。我坐在桌边，皱起眉头看着色彩多样的桌布，清醒的嚼着苦涩的食物。 他穿过街道，裹着旧棉袄，一顶帽子从光头打下来，看上去不像是一个有名的精神病医生，倒像是一个精力充沛的侏儒。他的办公室在附近到处都有，我知道他刚刚离开他最后一个病人。他接近80岁，但仍然扛着一个装着满满文件的公文包，工作起来仍然像一个大公司的主管，无论何时有空，他都仍然爱去高尔夫球场。 当他走过来坐我旁边时，服务员早已把他总是要喝的啤酒端了过来，我已经几个月没有见他了，但他似乎还是老样子。没有任何寒暄，他就问我“怎么了，年轻人？” 我已经不再对他的样子感到奇怪，所以我详细地把烦恼告诉他。带着一丝忧伤的自豪。我尽量说出实情，除了我自己，我并没有因为失望而责备任何人。我分析了整件事情，但所有负面评价以及错误仍然继续。我讲了约有十五分钟，这期间老人只是默默的喝着啤酒。 我讲完后，他取下眼镜说：“到我的办公室去。” “到你的办公室？你忘了带什么了吗？” 他和蔼的说“不是，我想看看你对某些事情的反应，仅此而已。” 外面开始下起小雨，但他的办公室很温暖，舒服，亲切：放满书的书架靠着墙壁，长皮沙发，弗洛伊德的亲笔签名照，还有墙边放着的录音笔。他的秘书回家了，只有我们在那里。 老人从纸盒里拿出一盘磁带放进录音笔，然后说：“这里有到我这来求助的三个人的简单录音，当然，这没有说明具体是哪三个人。我想让你听听，看你是否能找出双字词的短语，这里是在三个案例中共有的。”他笑道：“不要这么困扰，我有我的目的。” 对我来说，录音中三个主人共有的东西不是什么快乐的东西。首先讲话的是一个男人，他在生意中经历了一些损失或失败，他指责自己没有辛勤工作，也没有远见。接下来说话的是一个女人，她还没有结婚，因为对她寡妇母亲的强烈的责任意思，她伤心的回忆了所有擦肩而过的婚姻机遇。第三个说话的是一位母亲，她十多岁的儿子在警察局有麻烦，她总是不停地责备自己。 老人关掉收音机，侧身坐到椅子上：“在这些录音中，有一个短语像病毒一样的出现了六次。你注意到了吗？没有？噢，这可能是因为几分钟前你在餐馆说过了三次。”他拿起磁带盒扔给我。“正好在标签上有那两个伤心的词语。” 我向下一看，那里有两个清晰的红色的印字：如果。 “你受惊了吗？”老人说：“你能想象我坐在这把椅子上以这两个词开头的话有多少次了吗？他们总是对我说：如果换一种方法做——或根本不去做。（如果我没发脾气、没有做那虚伪的事、没有说那愚蠢的谎言。如果我聪明点，或更无私点，或更自控点。）直到我打断说话他们才会停止。有时我让他们听你刚说过的录音。我对他们说（如果你停止说如果，我们就已取得进展了。）” 老人伸出双脚，说：“问题是，‘如果’并没有改变任何东西。它使那人面对错误——后退而非前进，那样只是在浪费时间。最后，要是你让它成为一个习惯，它就会变成真的障碍，变成你不再去做尝试的借口了。” “现在回到你的情况：你的计划没成功，为什么？因为你犯了某种错误。唔，这个没关系，毕竟错误谁都会犯，我们也从中学到东西。但是，当你告诉我那些东西时却悔恨这个，
第五单元练习册答案 TEX TⅠ Comprehension A. Give an exact reference as evidence that each of the following statements is wrong. (P63) 1. The 2nd paragraph is totally devoted to explaining why the author has not got a home phone. He also explains why he doesn’t like to use a public telephone box. 2. When the writer writes that he does not like the telephone, he means only home and office phones. He doesn’t like public telephones, either. He thinks that using a public phone box is a horrible thing to do. 3. In the 3rd paragraph the writer seems to indicate that usually people don’t answer the telephone when they are busy with something else. He says no matter how busy anyone is or what he is doing, he will try to answer the telephone because he thinks there may be some important news or message for him. 4. In the 5th paragraph the writer claims that it is convenient to have one’s number listed in the telephone directory. He thinks it unwise for anyone to have his name and telephone number printed in the telephone directory. 5. In the 5th paragraph the writer implies that Shakespeare, the Bible and the telephone directory can be found anywhere. He indicates that a telephone directory can be found in more places than Shakespeare or the Bible. 6. In the 6th paragraph the writer suggests that one needs a telephone in case of emergency. He says that even in case of emergency it is not necessary to have a telephone, because in England one is seldom far from a telephone. B. Explain the following in your own words. (P64) 1. ... or pose as unusual. ... or pretend to be uncommon / out of the ordinary. 2. ... flavored with cheap face-powder and chain-smoking ... ... filled with the odour of women’s low quality face-powder and the smell left behind by the ceaseless smoking of cigarettes ... 3. Are you strong-minded enough to …? Do you have enough strong will power to ...? 4. …, only to be told that …? ..., then you are just told that ...? 5. “The truth will out.” No matter how hard you try to hide it, people will learn the facts sooner or later. 6. a book more in evidence than Shakespeare or the Bible … a book which can be seen in more places than Shakespeare or the Bible ... 7. … to escape from some idle or inquisitive chatterbox, or somebody who wants something for nothing …