ISTA 2B包装性能测试程序
（针对包装件重量大于68KG）
ISTA, Your Alliance in Transport Packaging, is the world leader in Performance Tests for Packaged-Products.
ISTA 2 Series tests are a combination of basic test elements from ISTA 1 Series (Non-Simulation Integrity Performance Testing) and advanced test elements from ISTA 3 Series (General Simulation Performance Testing).
?They challenge the capability of the package and product to withstand transport hazards, but
?They only simulate some actual transport hazards, and
?They do not necessarily comply with carrier packaging regulations.
ISTA 2系列测试是综合了ISTA 1系列（非模拟流通环境）的基本的测试设备和ISTA 3系列（全部模拟流通环境）的先进测试设备的。
他们考验包装与产品承受运输危险的能力，但是，只模拟了一些实际运输流通环境，它们不必遵守承运者的包装规则。
When properly applied, ISTA procedures will provide tangible benefits of:
?Shortened packaged development time and confidence in product launch
?Protection of products and profits with reduced damage and product loss
?Economically balanced distribution costs
?Customer satisfaction and continued business.
当正确使用时，，ISTA规范将可提供非常实用的效益。缩短包装开发时间，并对产品运送的信任。保护产品和有利于减少损伤和产品损失。经济地平衡流通成本，增强客户满意度和持续业务。
There are three sections: Overview, Testing and Report
?Overview provides the general knowledge required before going into the testing laboratory and
?Testing presents the specific instructions to do the testing in the laboratory and
?Report indicates what data shall be recorded to submit a test report to ISTA.
下面有三个部分：概述、测试和报告。概述是叙述了进入实验室前的基本知识和实验要求。测试讲述了实验室内做试验的具体说明。报告是指向ISTA提交一份记录试验数据的报告。
Two systems of weights and measures are presented in ISTA test procedures. They are the English system (Inch-Pound) and the international system SI (Metric). Inch-Pound units are shown first with Metric units in brackets, except in some tables where they are shown separately.
?Either system may be used as the unit of measure (standard units), but
?The standard units chosen shall be used consistently throughout the procedure.
?Units are converted to two significant figures and
?Not exact equivalents.
ISTA 测试程序里的重量和尺寸单位是英制和国际单位制的。英制单位和国际单位制的写在括号内。有些表格中它们被分开表示。
任何一种体系均可被用于作为度量单位（标准单位），但所选标准单位在整个方法中保持一致，单位可通过两个数字转换，不完全等效。
VERY IMPORTANT:
The entire document shall be read and understood before proceeding with a test.
注意：在进行测试之前应该熟透整个文件。
OVERVIEW OF PROCEDURE 2B
Test Procedure 2B is a partial simulation test for individual packaged-products.
?It can be used to evaluate the performance of a packaged-product.
?It can be used to compare relative performance of package and product design alternatives.
?It should be considered for the evaluation of packaged-products intended for international distribution.
?The package and product are considered together and not separately.
?Some conditions of transit, such as moisture, pressure or unusual handling, may not be covered.
Other ISTA Procedures may be appropriate for different conditions or to meet different objectives.
Refer to Guidelines for Selecting and Using ISTA Procedures and Projects for additional information.
2B测试程序是针对个别包装件的局部模拟实验。
它可用来评估包装件的性能。
它可比较包装和产品设计的相对性能。
它可被看作是国际运输中的包装件性能评估。
包装容器和产品应该作为一个整体而不是分开来研究。
一些像湿度、压力或非平常的搬运可能不包括在运输环境情况内。
其它的ISTA规范可适当用于不同的条件以满足不同的目的。
有关附加信息参考选用ISTA规范与项目的导则
Test Procedure 2B Covers testing of individual packaged-products weighing more than 150 pounds (68 kg) when prepared for shipment. EXCEPTION:
Individual packaged-products on a visible skid or pallet may be tested according to ISTA Non-Simulation Integrity
Performance Test Procedure 1E or ISTA General Simulation Performance Test Procedure 3E.
2B测试规范涵盖了重量超过68KG的个体包装件运输实验测试。
例外：带显露的滑片和托盘的个体包装件可以按照ISTA非模拟的程序—ISTA 1E或3E来测试
The shipper shall determine the following prior to testing:
?What constitutes damage to the product and
?what damage tolerance level is allowable, if any, and
?the correct methodology to determine product condition at the conclusion of the test and
?the acceptable package condition at the conclusion of the compression test and
?the acceptable package condition at the conclusion of the test.
托运人测试之前应当确定以下要点：
什么导致产品损坏，什么样的抗损坏度是可允许的，为了确定试验结论中的产品条件的正确方法，在试验结论中可接受的压力条件，在试验结论中可接受的包装条件。
For additional information on this determination process refer to Guidelines for Selecting and Using ISTA Procedures and Projects.
对于这个确定过程中的附加信息参考，选用ISTA规范与项目的导则。
NOTE:
When conducting the Compression Test:
?Box failure that could result in a stacking failure is considered a failed test, if
?the packaged-product may be warehoused in a stack for more than 24 hours during distribution.
?Box failure is allowed if the packaged-product provided is not stacked for more than 24 hours, and
?at the conclusion of all testing, the product is not damaged according the Product Damage and Tolerance established and
?the package still meets the acceptable package condition, both of which are determined above.
For additional information on this determination process refer to Guidelines for Selecting and Using ISTA Procedures and Projects.
注意：
当进行压力试验时：
可能导致塌垛的包装箱破坏被视为试验失败，前提是包装件流通时在仓库中的对吗时间超过24小时，包装件为堆码超过24小时后包装箱破坏是允许的，前提是在试验结论中，按照所指定的产品损伤限度产品为首损伤，和
包装任然满足可接受的包装状态，二者同时被认定。
对于这个确定过程中的附加信息参考，选用ＩＳＴＡ规范与项目的导则。
Samples should be the untested actual package and product, but if one or both are not available, the substitutes shall be as
identical as possible to actual items.
Number of samples required:
One sample is required for the tests in this procedure.
Replicate Testing Recommended:
To permit an adequate determination of representative performance of the packaged-product, ISTA:
?Requires the procedure to be performed one time, but
?Recommends performing the procedure five or more times using new samples with each test.
试样应是未试验过的包装和产品，如果其中之一或二者都无效，替代品应尽可能与实际的包装与产品一致。
要求的试样数：
在本规范中试验样品重要一件。
推荐重复试验：
为了得到包装件满意的有代表性的性能，ISTA：
规范只要求进行一次试验，但是推荐进行5次以上试验，每次试验要使用新样品。
NOTE:
Packages that have already been subjected to the rigors of transportation cannot be assumed to represent standard
conditions. In order to insure testing in perfect condition, products and packages shipped to certified laboratories for testing
must be:
?over-packaged for shipment to the laboratory or
?repackaged in new packaging at the laboratory.
注意：
已经承受严酷运输过程的包装不能被设定以代表包装条件。为了保证在正确的条件下试验，运到认证实验室做试验的产品或包装必须是：
运到实验室的为过包装，或在实验室中再包装为新包装。
试验顺序
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED FOR PROCEDURE 2B 规范2B试验要求
Atmospheric Conditioning:
?Chamber and Control apparatus complying with the apparatus section of ASTM D 4332-01.
?Humidity recording apparatus complying with the apparatus section of ASTM D 4332-01.
?Temperature recording apparatus complying with the apparatus section of ASTM D 4332-01.
环境处理：
●实验室与控制设备遵守ASTM D 4332-01的设备部分。
●湿度记录仪遵守ASTM D 4332-01的设备部分。
●温度记录仪遵守ASTM D 4332-01的设备部分。
The following alternatives are acceptable for the equipment required for the Compression Test:
压力试验要求的设备可做如下选择：
The following alternatives are acceptable for the equipment required for the Vibration Test:
Fixed Displacement Vibration Test:
?Vibration Test System with a 1 inch (25 mm) fixed or controlled displacement complying with Method A1 or A2 of the apparatus section of ASTM D 999-01.
Rotary or vertical linear motion of the platform is acceptable.
?Metal shim 0.06 inch (1.5 mm), thick approximately 2.0 inches (50 mm) wide and at a convenient length.
?Tachometer or suitable indicator for determining vibration frequency in cycles per second (Hz) or cycles per minute (CPM). ?Automatic timer or stopwatch.
Random Vibration Test:
?Random Vibration Test System complying with the apparatus section of ASTM D 4728-01.
振动试验要求的设备可做如下选择：
具有1in(50mm)固定或可控振幅的振动试验系统遵守ASTM D 999－01设备部分的方法A1或A2。振动台体允许转动或垂直线形运动。
金属薄片厚0.06in(1.5mm)，宽2in(50mm)，长度适当。
测定振动频率的速度计或适当指示器，频率单位可为每秒循环次数（Hz）或每分钟循环次数（CPM）。
自动定时器或定时停止表。
随机振动试验：
随机振动试验系统遵守ASTM D 4728-01的设备部分。
The following alternatives are acceptable for the equipment required for the Shock Test:
冲击试验要求的设备可做如下选择：
BEFORE YOU BEGIN PROCEDURE 2B
Prior to beginning the tests identify the faces, edges and corners according to the procedure below.
在开始试验之前，按如下规定界定面、楞和角。
Identify edges using the numbers of the two faces forming that edge.
Example: Edge 1-2 is the edge formed by face 1 and face 2 of the packaged-product.
由组成楞的2面界定楞。
例：楞1-2是由包装件的面1和面2组成的。
Go to next Block 转入下一个模块。
You shall know the packaged-products:
?gross weight in pounds (kg), and
?outside dimensions of Length, Width and Height (L x W x H) in inches (mm or m)
应了解包装件的参数：
毛重，lb(kg)，
以及长、宽和高（L×W×H）的外尺寸，inch(mm或m)
Required Conditioning Recommended: After the required precondition
To permit an adequate determination of packaged-product performance at anticipated atmospheric limits and where it is known that the atmospheric extremes are detrimental to the product, ISTA
?Requires the highest temperature and humidity limits shall be used, but
?Recommends that both the highest and lowest atmospheric conditions be used.
要求的处理:在预处理之后进行
为了充分认定包装件在预期环境极限下性能和了解所确定的环境极限在哪里，ISTA要求所用产品的最高温度和湿度极限，但推荐同时采用最高与最低的环境处理。
A separate 2
B test sequence should be conducted following each atmospheric condition selected from the table below:
CAUTION:
When using weights and a load-spreader use extreme care to prevent injury. Familiarity with the following formula is required:
注意：
在使用砝码与载荷扩展器时要特别小心以免损坏。
要求熟悉如下公式：
开始继续压力试验之前
In you do not know the number of packaged-products that may be in a stack (S) determine the number to use by performing the appropriate action as indicated below:
如果包装件堆码层数未知，可以采用如下表所示步骤确定S：
CAUTION:
注意：
A restraining device or devices shall be used with the vibration test system to:
?Prevent the test specimen from moving off the platform and
?Maintain test orientation of the packaged-product, but
?The device or devices shall not restrict the vertical motion of the test specimen during the test.
Select Fixed Displacement Vibration or Random Vibration as a test method.
For Fixed Displacement Vibration:
Familiarity with the following formula is required to determine the test duration:
在振动试验系统上应使用约束装置，目的是：
●防止试验样品跑出振动台体，
●以及保持包装件的试验方位，
●但装置不应在试验中约束试验样品的垂直运动。
选择定幅振动或随机振动作为试验方法。
关于定幅振动：
要求熟悉如下公式，来确定试验所需的时间：
11 800 振动冲击
试验时间（分）= ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
每分钟的循环次数(CPM)或[每秒的循环次数(Hz) x 60]
NOTE:
The test duration for the Second Vibration Test Block may be different from that calculated for the First Vibration Test Block
because the frequency required to bounce the packaged-product in the Second Vibration Test Block may be different.
注：
关于第二个振动试验模块的试验时间可能不同于第一个振动试验模块，因为第二个振动试验模块中包装件弹起对应的频率可能是不同的。
The example chart below shows Test Duration’s calculated for several frequencies:
不同频率下试样的试验时间如下表所示：
For Random Vibration:
The following breakpoints shall be programmed into the vibration controller to produce the acceleration versus frequency
profile (spectrum) below with an overall Grms level of 1.15
关于随机振动
振动程控器应按下表所列数据形成的功率谱(PDS)曲线进行，整体的G rms为1.15。
Select Drop, Incline or Horizontal as a test method.
For Drop Test Method the drop height shall be 6 inches (150 mm) for Free Fall Drop, Shock Machine Equivalent Free Fall
Drop, or Sling Drops.
For Incline Test Method the minimum impact velocity is 69 inches per second (1.7 meters per second).
For Horizontal Test Method the minimum velocity change is 69 inches per second (1.7 meters per second).
选择自由跌落、斜面冲击或者水平冲击试验方法:
跌落高度6英寸的自由跌落，冲击试验机为自由升降的或者是吊索下降的。
对于倾斜测试方法的最小冲击速度为每秒69英寸（1.7米每秒）。
对于测试方法的最低水平速度的变化是每秒69英寸（1.7米每秒）。
NOTE:
69 inches per second is equal to 5.75 feet per second.
When using impact velocity or velocity change, if any test in a Test Sequence is below the required minimum level, that
sequence event must be repeated until the test impact velocity or velocity change meets the minimum.
注意：
69英寸/秒等于5.75英尺/秒
当我们使用这个冲击熟读或速度变化量时，如果任何一个测试
当采用冲击速度或速度变化时，如果系列试验的任何速度低于要求的最小水平时，必须重复进行该系列试验，直到试验速度满足最小水平。
EXCEPTION:
You do not have to conduct a shock test on face 1 (top) if:
?the packaged-product has a visible skid or pallet, or
?positioning or testing the packaged-product in this orientation would be unsafe.
例外：
如果这个包装件带显露的滑片或托盘或者包装件这个面被定为是危险的面的话，不必要在1面上做冲击试验。The test blocks that follow contain tables that indicate the required steps for each test in the procedure.
环境预处理试验模块
The test blocks that follow contain tables that indicate the required steps for each test in the procedure.
下表所示试验模块明示规范中每个试验要求的步骤。
压力试验模块
首次振动试验模块
随机振动试验模块
冲击试验模块
冲击和边转动跌落试验模块
第二个振动试验模块
第二个振动试验模块（随机）
编写试验报告之前
The packaged-product has satisfactorily passed the test if, upon examination, it meets the Product Damage Tolerance and Package Degradation Allowance.
ISTA Certified Testing Laboratories:
? Should file a test report on all ISTA Test Procedures or Projects conducted.
? Shall file a test report on all ISTA Test Procedures or Projects conducted to obtain Transit Tested Package Certification or Acknowledgement.
For additional information, refer to Guidelines for Selecting and Using ISTA Procedures and Projects .
如果通过考核，包装件已经满意地通过试验，则它满足产品损伤容差和包装允许损坏程度范围。 ISTA 资质实验室。
应该按所进行的所有ISTA 试验规范或项目提交一份试验报告。
应该按所进行的所有ISTA 试验规范或项目提交一份试验报告以获得运输试验包装证书或通知。 有关附加信息参考，选用ISTA 试验规范和项目的导则。
ISTA Transit Tested Program
The ISTA Transit Tested Certification Mark as shown is a: ? registered certification mark and
? can only be used by license agreement and
? by a member of the International Safe Transit Association.
ISTA 运输试验规划
如图所示的ISTA 运输试验证书标识是： 资质证书标识、
只能被印在有资质的包装上、
只能被授予许可协议时才能使用、 须是国际安全运输协会（ISTA ）成员
When a member prints this certification mark on a packaged-product with their license number they are showing their customer and the carrier that it has passed the requirements of ISTA preshipment testing.
当成员把这个证书标识印在包装件上时，要附上他们的资质号码，它们向客户和承运者明示它已经通过了ISTA
运输前试验的要求。
In order to maintain its certified status and eligibility for identification with the TRANSIT TESTED Certification Mark, each packaged-product must be re-tested whenever a change is made in the:
为了保持其资质状况和证书的合格性与运输试验证书标识一致，一旦如下一项发生变化，包装件必须重新试验
?Product or 产品或
?Process or 工序或
?Package. 包装
Changes in the product include changes in: 生产变化可能包括如下变化：
?Design or 设计或
?Size or 尺寸或
?Materials. 材料
Changes in the process include changes in: 工序变化可能包括如下变化：
?Manufacturing or 制造或
?Assembly or 装配或
?Filling. 填充
Changes in the package include changes in: 包装变化可能包括如下变化：
?Configuration or 结构或
?Dimensions or 尺寸规格或
?Weight or 重量或
?Materials or 材料或
?Components. 部件
As a quality control procedure, packaged-products should be re-tested frequently, for example, yearly.
作为质量控制规范，包装件应经常重新试验，比如每年一次。