Unit 5First aid
1．aid(n.& v t.)帮助；援助；资助
2．temporary(adj.)暂时的；临时的
3．bleed(v i.& v t.)流血
4．choke(v i.& v t.)(使)噎住；(使)窒息
5．poison(n.)毒药；毒害
(v t.)毒害；使中毒
6．squeeze(v t.& v i.)榨；挤；压榨
7．pour(v t.& v i.)倒；灌；注；涌
8．injury(n.)损伤；伤害→injure(v.)
9．variety(n.)变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→various(adj.)各种各样的
10．mild(adj.)轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildly(ad v.)轻微地；温和地
11．swell(v i.& v t.)(使)膨胀；隆起→swollen(adj.)肿胀的
12．tight(adj.)牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly(ad v.)紧地；牢牢地
13．firm(adj.)(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly(ad v.)坚固地；稳定地
14．treat(v t.& v i.)治疗；对待；款待；(n.)款待；招待→treatment(n.)治疗；疗法；对待；待遇
15．apply(v t.)涂；敷；搽；应用；运用；(v i.)申请；请求；使用；有效→applicant(n.)申请人→application(n.)申请(书)
16．pressure(n.)压力；挤压；压迫(感)→press(v.)挤压；压迫
1．first_aid急救
2．electric_shock触电；电休克
3．over_and_over_again反复；多次
4．a_number_of若干；许多
5．carry_out进行，开展
6．fall_ill生病
7．squeeze_out榨出；挤出
8．in_place在适当的位置；适当
9．put_one’s_hands_on找到
10．make_a_difference有影响，产生差别
11．take_off脱下，起飞
1．Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
名师指津：unless引导条件状语从句。
例句仿写：要是没有充分准备的话，户外运动有时会意味着受伤。
Unless_one_is_fully_prepared，outdoor sports can sometimes mean injuries.
2．John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到一声尖叫。
名师指津：be doing...when...正在做……这时……。
例句仿写：我刚走出浴室，正忙着用毛巾擦干身体，这时我听到了脚步声。
I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel when_I_heard_the_steps.
3．It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life.
正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。
名师指津：It was...that...为强调句型。
例句仿写：我现在工作的地方正是我父亲曾经工作的地方。
It_is where my father used to work that I am working now.
4．There is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士得救了。
名师指津：There’s no doubt that...毫无疑问……。
例句仿写：毋庸置疑，全球变暖对我们所有人的安全都是一个威胁。
There_is_no_doubt_that global warming is a security threat to us all.
aid n．& v t.帮助，援助；资助
(朗文P43)I didn’t speak any French，but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.我不会法语，但是一个好心人走过来帮忙，告诉我到哪里去。
(1)????? with the aid/help of sb.在某人的帮助下in aid of 用以援助
do/give offer/perform/carry out first aid 进行急救
(2)????? aid sb.in sth./doing sth.在某方面帮助某人aid sb.with sth.以某事物帮助某人
aid sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事
①We are collecting money in_aid_of the people who have lost their homes in the earthquake. 我们正集资以资助那些在地震中失去家园的人。
②Often the illness or injury is not serious ，but there are other times when giving/doing_first_aid quickly can save lives.
一般情况下，疾病或者伤不是很严重，但是也有一些时候快速的实施急救能够救命。 ③I aided the poor girl in continuing her study.
我帮助这个可怜的女孩继续她的学业。
vital adj .至关重要的；生死攸关的
教材原句P 35：If the injuries are second or third degree burns ，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.
如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。
(1)be vital for/to sth.对……极重要的
(2)在It is vital that 句型中，that 从句的谓语常用虚拟语气，即(should)＋动词原形。
①(牛津P 2248)It is vital that you keep accurate records when you are self-employed.干个体记账要准确是十分重要的。
②In my opinion ，reading is of_vital_importance in language learning.依我看来，阅读在语言学习中至关重要。
③It’s vital that we should never lower safety standards as life is the most important in the world.我们绝不能降低安全标准，这是至关重要的，因为在世界上生命是最宝贵的。
treat v t .& v i .治疗；对待；款待；n .款待；招待
(2013·浙江卷)There are some health problems that ，when not treated in time ，can become bigger ones later on.
有一些健康问题，如果不及时治疗，以后就会酿成大问题。
(1)????? treat sb.like/as...把某人看做……treat sb.well/badly 对待某人好/不好
treat sb./oneself to sth.用……招待/款待某人
(2)It’s my treat.我请客。
①(2010·重庆卷)Now I try to treat_everyone_with respect ，no matter who I think they are. 我认为，不管他们是谁，现在我尽量尊重每一个人。
②The way (that/in which) the guests are treated in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.
招待客人的方式会影响到他们对饭店服务的评价。
③Let’s go out for dinner—my_treat this time.
咱们出去吃饭吧！——这次我请客。
apply v ．应用；运用；申请；请求
(2013·山东卷阅读理解)He has a good heart ，but always feared applying for a new job.
他有一颗善良的心，但总是担心申请一份新工作。
apply for 申请，请求
apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物
apply to 适用于
apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力于
①Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine to it.请用一块清洁的布清洗伤口，然后把药涂到上面。
②(2011·重庆书面表达)In order to increase people’s awareness of protecting polar bears ，I apply_for the spokesman for polar bears sincerely.为了增强人们保护北极熊的意识，我真诚地申请做北极熊的代言人。
③It’s vital that the theory (sho uld) be applied to practice ，or it could just be something useless.理论应用于实践，否则它可能只是无用的东西，这一点儿是至关重要的。
④The old man manages to enrich his own cultural life ，applying_himself_to learning English.
那位老人致力于学习英语来充实自己的文化生活。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．She__________________the international school__________________(向……应聘一位工作)as an English teacher.
答案：applied to；for a job
2．As far as I’m concerned，Richard__________________(至关重要) the team’s success.
答案：is vital to
3．The medical team left the village with great satisfaction，__________________________________(治疗了许多当地村民后)．
答案：having treated a lot of local villagers
4．__________________________________(在英语老师的帮助下)，I have made great progress in English.
答案：With the aid/help of my English teacher
5．More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers__________________________________(大量的不同商品)．
答案： a great variety of goods.
6．The football fans__________________(涌出) the stadium cheering wildly.
答案：poured out of
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．It is not what you learn by reading this article that________the most，but how you apply this knowledge.
A．counts B．applies
C．stresses D．functions
解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：重要的不是通过阅读这篇文章你能学到什么，而是你怎样应用这些知识。count重要，有价值，符合句意。
答案： A
2．(2014·山东临沂一模)On completing the courses，the teacher will have earned the qualification to ________a teaching license in Thailand.
A．apply for B．take over
C．turn away D．work out
解析：句意为：完成课程，老师就将有资格在泰国申请教学资格证了。apply for申请；take over接管；turn away拒绝；work out制定出，计算出。根据语意应该选A项。
答案： A
3．(2012·安徽卷)Interest is as________to learning as the ability to understand，even more so.
A．vital B．available
C．specific D．similar
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。vital意为“极重要的”。句意为：兴趣对学习来说和理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。
答案： A
4．(2013·四级英语)Being out of work，Lane can no longer________friends to dinners and movies as she used to.
A．urge B．treat
C．appeal D．compel
解析：句意为：因为失业了，Lane不再像以往那样招待他的朋友用餐和看电影。treat sb.to sth.招待某人……，款待某人……。
答案： B
5．(2014·浙大附中高三质检)Millions of people are still homeless.Besides，there isn’t the most basic________from the Red Cross.
A．medicine B．equipment
C．aid D．material
解析：句意为：数百万人仍然无家可归，此外，连来自红十字会的最基本的救助都没有。aid帮助，援助，符合句意。medicine医药，医学；equipment设备；material材料。
答案： C
in place在适当的位置；适当
(牛津P1507)All the arrangements are now in place for their visit.他们来访的一切都安排就绪了。
out of place不适当的
in one’s place处在某人的位置上
take the place of sb.＝take one’s place代替某人的位置
①Don’t take anything away.Father likes everything to be in_place.不要拿走任何东西，父亲喜欢所有的东西都井井有条。
②Being poor，he felt completely out of place among those rich people.他出生贫寒，处在富人圈中让他感到很不适宜。
③If I had been in your place，I might have accepted the invitation.我要是处在你的位置，我可能接受了这份邀请。
make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
教材原句P38：It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。
(1)make no difference (to sb./sth.)
对某人/物没有作用或影响，对某人/物不重要
make some difference (to sb./sth.)
对某人/物有些作用或影响
(2)tell the difference 分辨，区分，区别
①It isn’t what you have done but what you will do that makes_a_difference.
重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。
②(牛津P553)Your age should n’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not.
你能否得到这个工作与年龄无关。
③Believe it or not，it makes_no_difference_to_me what you say.
信不信由你，你说什么对我没关系。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．My writing career__________________(成功；走红) when I discovered my own style.
答案：took off
2．We took a trip to Beijing last week and my cousin__________________(担任我们的向导)．
答案：acted as our guide
3．Though I have warned him of danger____________________(反复)，he just has deaf ears.
答案：over and over again
4．You’d better put the books back__________________(在适当的位置)．Otherwise，it would not be easy to find them next time.
答案：in place
5．When I cut one of my fingers yesterday，I couldn’t________________(找到) any bandages at home.
答案：put my hands on
6．Living in a polluted environment，people may____________(生病) easily.
答案：fall ill
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·厦门质检)With housing prices rising sharply，buying an apartment is________for young couples.
A．out of control B．out of sight
C．out of reach D．out of place
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意为：随着房价的急剧上涨，对于年轻夫妻而言买房已遥不可及。out of reach遥不可及的，符合句意。out of control无法管理，失去控制；out of sight 看不见；out of place位置不当，不得体。
答案： C
2．—How do you like your new roommate，Kate?
—She is a tidy girl and likes to have everything________.
A．in detail B．in place
C．in reality D．in total
解析：由tidy可知，她喜欢把一切各就各位。in place在适当的位置，符合语境。in detail 详细地；in reality实际上；in total总共。
答案： B
3．—Does he know which team wins?
—No，it makes no________to him which team wins，because he doesn’t care about it at all.
A．different B．difference
C．attention D．excuse
解析：no后接名词，排除A；attention要与动词pay搭配；make excuse to“向某人道歉”，不合题意；make no difference to sb.意为“对某人没有影响”。
答案： B
4．You have to be accurate in this job，because a small mistake can make a big________.
A．difference B．difficulty
C．trouble D．change
解析：make a (some，no，etc.) difference有(一些，没有什么)作用、关系、影响。
答案： A
Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
unless是连词，意为“除非，如果不”，引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与if...not...引导的否定状语从句互换。
①It is known to all that unless_you_exercise_regularly，you won’t keep fit.众所周知，除非你有规律地锻炼，否则身体不会健康。
②We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold.
除非下雨或天很冷，我们将在本周日去公园野餐。
③Unless_you’ve_tried_it，you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.
除非你尝试一下，否则你无法想像那是多么令人愉快。
John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。
when在此作并列连词用，意为“正在这时；那时”。
be doing...when...正在……这时……
be about to do...when...正打算做……这时……
be just going to do...when...正要……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要……这时……
had just done...when刚……就在这时……
①We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。
②I was_about_to_go_out_when the telephone rang.
我正打算出去，这时电话响了。
③The professor had just finished his speech when students rushed out of the classroom.
教授刚结束了演讲，学生们冲出了教室。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．The little boy won’t go to sleep______________________(除非妈妈给他讲故事)．
答案：unless his mother tells him a story
2．She______________________(正在练习冲浪，这时突然) a shark struck her，biting off her left arm.
答案：was practising surfing when
3．I’m afraid that it will rain tomorrow.______________________(假如下雨的话)，we won’t be able to hold our football match.
答案：If so
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2013·湖南省部分重点中学5月联考)The woman teacher，together with her pupils，was crossing the street________a heavy truck drove towards them.
A．unless B．once
C．until D．when
解析：考查连词。句意为：那个女教师正和她的学生过马路，这时一辆大货车向他们驶来。when表示“当……时”，符合句意。
答案： D
2．(2014·哈尔滨师范大学附属中学月考)All of the clothes in the shop are sold at half price，________otherwise noted.
A．as B．if
C．until D．unless
解析：考查连词。句意为：商店里所有的衣服均半价销售，除非另有说明。根据句意可知，空处表示“除非”。
答案： D
3．(2014·南开中学综合训练)It is fashionable to drive a car，but it can in turn cause a lot of traffic problems when you don’t ________the specialized rules.
A．give in B．stick to
C．put away D．give out
解析：考查动词短语辨析。stick to坚持，遵守；give in屈服，让步；put away收起来；give out发出，精疲力竭。根据句意“不遵守交通规则，就会带来很多交通问题”，可知答案为B项。
答案： B
injury n．损伤；伤害；伤
do an injury to...对……造成伤害
Falling off the bike did an injury to his left leg.
从自行车上掉下来伤到了他的左腿。
poison n．毒药；毒害；v t.毒害；使中毒
Gases from cars are poisoning the air of our cities.
汽车放出的废气在污染我们城市的空气。
pour v t.& v i.灌，倒，注，倾泻；蜂拥而来；大量投入资金；n.倾泻The fans poured out of the stadium cheering wildly.
体育爱好者们欣喜若狂地从体育场中蜂拥而出。
【写作素材】
1．毫无疑问，懂得一些急救知识很有必要，因为危险无处不在，事故时时发生。
2．一度烧伤不严重，把伤处放在缓缓流动的自来水下冲洗一会儿就可以了。
3．二度和三度烧伤较为严重，尽管适当的冷敷(cold compress)可以起一定作用，但重要的是必须马上把患者送到医院。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
【连句成篇】
There is no doubt that it is necessary to know some knowledge of first aid as dangers lie everywhere and accidents happen from time to time.The first degree burns are not serious and it is OK to place burns under gently running water for a while.The second and third degree burns are more serious and proper cold compress can make some difference，but it is vital to get the victim to hospital at once.
省略
1．(2014·陕西咸阳高考模拟考试二)Just now the patient opened her mouth as if________something to her husband.
A．said B．say
C．to say D．to have said
解析：考查省略。句意为：刚刚那病人张开她的嘴，似乎要对他的丈夫说些什么。分析句子成分可知，此处为as if引导的状语从句，补充完整为：as if she was to say something to her husband，此处省略了主语和be动词。
答案： C
2．(2014·哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁实验中学一联)—Hi，are you an engineer in Lenovo Group?
—No，but I________.
A．want to B．want to be
C．want so D．want it
解析：考查省略。答话人想成为联想集团的工程师。答语是：“ No，but I want to be an engineer in Lenovo Group，”的省略形式。当不定式有be时，be不可省略。
答案： B
3．(2014·济宁模拟)As is often the case，little Tom，if________，is most likely to stop crying soon.
A．left ignoring B．left ignored
C．leaving ignoring D．leaving ignored
解析：考查省略。句意为：如果听之任之，小Tom可能很快停止哭泣，通常就是这
样。句子补充完整为：if he is left ignored (if we leave him ignored)，此处ignored表示被动含义。
答案： B
4．(2013·北京西城二模)A person，when________，can often do what is normally beyond his ability.
A．challenged B．challenges
C．challenging D．to challenge
解析：考查省略。句意为：当一个人遇到挑战时，他往往能够做超越他能力的事情。时间状语从句补充完整为“when he is challenged”。
答案： A
5．(2014·佳木斯一中高三第四次调研)He is ready to help others，seldom，________refusing them when they turn to him.
A．if never B．if ever
C．if not D．if any
解析：考查省略句的用法。句意为：他乐于助人，如果有人向他求助被拒绝的话，那也很少。if ever相当于if he ever refuses to help others。
答案： B
课时作业(二十五)Unit 5First aid
(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！)
第六讲“戴着面纱”的“事实”型细节理解题
所谓细节理解题，是指文章提到了与某个题相关的时间、地点、人物或事件。破解“事实”型细节理解题就像是在揭开一层面纱。抓住文章中的事实和细节是做好该类型试题的关键，也是做好其他类型试题的基础。换句话说，该类型试题大部分都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息或者转换了说法的句子。解题中非常重要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的事实性材料，其实在一篇文章里，大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。
(2013·山东卷) George Gershwin，born in 1898，was one of America’s greatest composers.He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.
Many of Gershwin’s songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City.These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s.Many of his songs have remained popular as ever.Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.
In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music.Could jazz，some people asked，be considered serious music？In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music.Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it.And in that short time，he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue.Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert.The audience were thrilled when they heard his music.It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.
In 1928，Gershwin went to Paris.He applied to study composition (作曲) with the well-known musician Nadia Boulanger，but she rejected him.She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazz-influenced style.While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.When it was first performed，critics (评论家) were divided over the music.Some called it happy and full of life，to others it was silly and boring.But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.
George Gershwin died in 1937，just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer.He was only thirty-nine years old.Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.People mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written.
语篇解读本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了美国最伟大的作曲家之一乔治·格什温的几件奇闻逸事。他的许多作品是为纽约的音乐剧创作的。在保罗·惠特曼举办的证明爵士乐是严肃音乐的音乐会上，乔治·格什温写了Rhapsody in Blue(《蓝色狂想曲》)并亲自演奏，迷倒了观众。1928年他去巴黎，想师从Nadia Boulanger，但被拒绝，因为她怕毁了他在爵士乐方面的天资。在巴黎期间，乔治·格什温写了An American in Paris(《一个美国人在巴黎》)。它首次被演奏，褒贬不一，但它现在依旧是他最著名的作品之一。乔治·格什温于1937年死于脑癌。
1．Many of Gershwin’s musical works were________.
A．written about New Yorkers
B．composed for Paul Whiteman
C．played mainly in the countryside
D．performed in various ways
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的第一句Many of Gershwin’s songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City.可知乔治的多数歌曲是给音乐剧写
的，不是写关于纽约人的，可排除选项A；同时知道这些歌曲是在纽约市演奏的，不是在农村演奏的，可排除选项C；这些歌也不是单为保罗一人写的，可排除选项B；再根据第二段最后一句Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.可知他的作品被以各种形式演奏，故选择D项。
答案： D
2．What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman?
A．It attracted more people to theatres.
B．It proved jazz could be serious music.
C．It made Gershwin leader of the orchestra.
D．It caused a debate among jazz musicians.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music.可知这是惠特曼举办音乐会的原因，不是举办音乐会的结果，因此排除选项D；根据第三段中的最后一句．..showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.可知本次音乐会最终证明了爵士乐是严肃音乐，故选项B符合题意；根据第三段中的Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert.知格什温在音乐会上弹奏钢琴，但并未成为乐队的领导，可排除选项C；“吸引更多的观众到剧院”并未在文中提及，因此排除选项A。
答案： B
3．What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris?
A．He created one of his best works.
B．He studied with Nadia Boulanger.
C．He argued with French critics.
D．He changed his music style.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.以及本段最后一句It still remains one of his most famous works.可知格什温在巴黎时写了他的著名作品之一——《一个美国人在巴黎》，因此选项A为正确答案。根据第四段中“他想跟着Nadia Boulanger学习，但她拒绝了他(but she rejected him)”，可知选项B是错误的；第四段后半部分提到了评论家对他作品的争论，但他未与法国的评论家们争论，因此选项C 是错误的；文中并未提到他在巴黎时改变自己的音乐风格，因此选项D是错误的。
答案： A
4．What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A．M any of Gershwin’s works were lost.
B．The death of Gershwin was widely reported.
C．A concert was held in memory of Gershwin.
D．Brain cancer research started after Gershwin’s death.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.可知他的去世被广泛报道，故选项B符合题意。“他的大部分作品失传”“举行音乐会纪念格什温”以及“在格什温去世后脑癌研究开始”在文中均未提及。
答案： B
5．Which of the following best describes Gershwin?
A．Talented and productive.B．Serious and boring.
C．Popular and unhappy. D．Friendly and honest.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.可推知他很有天赋(talented)；再根据During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.可推知他是一位多产作曲家，故答案选A。
答案： A
做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读文章，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。
例如真题示例第2题为细节理解题，由第三段第三句“In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music.”可知，保尔·怀特曼决定组织一场特殊音乐会证明爵士乐是一种严肃的音乐形式，故B项正确。
英语必修二知识点整理 Unit1 Cultural relics 1.基础梳理 rare valuable survive vase dynasty amaze honey design fancy style decorate jewel artist belong to remove troop reception doubt former worth local apartment paint castle trail envidence entrance sink sailor maid in formal debate take apart keep…in one’s heart 2.词语归纳 1)state 指“国家”时，常表示“政权，国体”等政治性概念，首字母常常大写。表示“状态，情况”时，为可数名词，常作单数;in a state表示“处于混乱或者是不整洁的状态”;get into a state变得十分紧张。 in state 庄严堂皇的，隆重的 state也可以作动词，表示“陈述，阐明，声明”，多用于正式场合或者是公文，商务信函，日常用语中应该避免。 表示“据说，据称”常用于it或者sb/sth作主语的被动句中。 2)rare 作形容词，表示“罕见的，稀少的，稀有的，难得的”，可形容人或者是物。rare也可以指肉，表示“未熟的，半熟的”。 rare也是作副词，相当于rarely，意思是“很，非常”。 rare和and连用，相当于一个副词，意思是“很，极，非常”。 3)belong 不能用于被动语态和进行时。 belong in 适宜于，用利于，应该用在……。 4)gift
Survey n. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查 1. We stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上，眺望乡村。 2. A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人。 Add v. 增加 1. He added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火旺些。 2. If you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九。 3. Add up all the money I owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起。 Upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴 v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服 1. I'm always upset when I don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱。 2. He has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服。 3. The news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱。 Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 1. I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! 2. I can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了。 Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的 v. 平静下来,镇静 1. It was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静、明媚的早晨。 2. You should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。 3. Have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来。 calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来) 1. His rage was soon calmed down by the rustic peace. 乡村的宁静很快就使他的怒气平静下来。 2. I told myself to calm down. 我告诫自己要冷静下来。 have got to conj. 不得不(必须) 1. You may not like him, but you have got to admire his persistence. 你可以不喜欢他，但你不得不佩服他那种坚忍不拔的精神。 2. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time -- unless I had caught an earlier train. 我不可能及时赶到会场，除非我赶上了较找的一班火车。 Concern n. 关心,关系, 关切的事,忧虑 v. 涉及,与...有关,影响;使关心 1. How much money I earn is none of your concern. 我挣多少钱与你无关。 2. These problems concern all of us. 这些问题影响到我们每一个人。 3. This restaurant is a family concern. 这家饭店是由一家人经营的。 be concerned about vt. 关心(挂念) 1. It is reassuring to be enquired after when you're ill. It shows your friends haven't stopped being concerned about you. 如果能询问一下你是何时生病的我们也就放心了。因为你的朋友一直在关心你。 2. The government's claim to be concerned about unemployment is sheer hypocrisy. 政府声称对失业表示关注纯属做做姿态。 Cheat n. 骗子,欺骗行为 v. 欺骗,作弊 1. His father was cheated of his land. 他的父亲被人骗走了地产。 2. He never cheats to pass examination. 他考试从不作弊。 3. He was cheated (out) of his rightful inheritance. 他依法应得的遗产被人骗走了. Reason n. 理由,原因,理智,理性 v. 说服,推论,下判断 1. She can reason very clearly. 她能很清晰地思考。 2. Copernicus reasoned that the earth revolved around the sun. 哥白尼论证了地球绕着太阳转。 3. We have reason to believe that he was murdered. 我们有理由相信他是被谋杀的。 list n. 目录,名单,明细表 v. 列出,列于表上,记入名单内 1. He wrote down his name on the list. 他将他的名字写在清单上。 2. He listed all the things he had to do. 他把自己必须做的事列成表。 Share n. 部份,股份,分担 v. 共享,共有,分配 1. If you want a share of the pay, you'll have to do your fair share of the work. 要是你想得到一份报酬，你就必须做好你该分担的那一份工作。 2. She's got all her money in stocks and shares. 她所有的钱都投放到股票里去了。
必修一Unit 1重点词汇用法1. volunteer. n.志愿者 v.自愿（做某事） voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；主动的； voluntarily adv.自动地；主动地； volunteer to do sth. 自愿（主动）提出做某事 volunteer for 自愿…，自愿为…服务 volunteer as 自愿充当… 2.debate n. 辩论；辩论会 v. 辩论，争论 debate（with sb）on/over/about sth. （与某人）辩论/讨论某事 be under debate 正在讨论中/辩论中 a heated /lively debate 一场激烈/热烈的争论 3.prefer v. 较喜欢； preference n. 偏好,喜好 preferable adj. 更可取的；更合适的； prefer to do sth = prefer doing sth 更喜欢做某事 prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人去做某事 prefer A (prep) to B 相对B更喜欢A prefer doing A to doing B 相对于做B更喜欢作A prefer to do A rather than do B = would rather do A than do B = would do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做B 4.predict vt. 预言，预告，预测 predictable adj. 可预见的，可预料的 反义词unpredictable. adj. predictive adj. 预测的，预言的 prediction n. 预言，预测 It's predicted that... 据预测，据预报 make a prediction. 做预言，做预测
高二生物辅导（一） 必修三第一章 一、内环境 1. 内环境是指由细胞外液构成的液体环境，是机体内细胞生活的直接环境。 （1）血浆：血细胞直接生活的环境。 （2）组织液（又叫细胞间隙液）：体内绝大多数细胞直接生活的环境。 （3）淋巴液（也叫淋巴）：淋巴管内的吞噬细胞和淋巴细胞直接生活的环境。 2、各种细胞的内环境 ①血细胞直接生活的环境：血浆； ②毛细血管壁细胞直接生活的环境：血浆和组织液； ③毛细淋巴壁细胞直接生活的环境：淋巴和组织液； ④体内绝大多数组织细胞直接生活的环境：组织液 3、内环境的成分 （1）人的呼吸道、肺泡腔、消化道、泪腺等有孔道与外界相通的结构中的液体应视为外部环境。如尿液、泪液、消化液等不是细胞外液。营养废物和气体，激素抗体与递质，胞内物质都不是。血红蛋白(红细胞内)、载体蛋白和过氧化氢酶等各种胞内酶，它们属于细胞内液的成分。 ( 2 ) 属于内环境的成分 ①营养成分：氧气、水、无机盐、葡萄糖、甘油、脂肪酸等。 ②代谢产物：激素、维生素、抗体、组织胺、神经递质等。 ③代谢废物：二氧化碳、尿素等。 二、细胞外液的化学成分 1、血浆：90%以上是水,是蛋白质, 10%是糖类,无机盐类,代谢产物等 2、组织液、淋巴的成分和含量与血浆相近，但又不完全相同，“最主要”的差别是血浆中含有较多的蛋白质，而组织液和淋巴中的蛋白质含量很少。 三、细胞外液的理化特性 1、溶液的渗透压：是指溶液中溶质微粒对水的吸引力。溶液渗透压的大小取决于单位体积溶液中溶质的微粒的数目，溶质微粒越多，溶液浓度越高，对水的吸引力越大，溶液渗透压越高。由于血浆中含有无机盐和蛋白质，故血浆渗透压与其有关。
高一英语知识点归纳和总结必修2第一单元 一、重点短语回顾 1. in search _________ 寻找，搜寻 2. _______ to 属于 3. in _________ 作为报答，回报 4. at _________ 处于交战状态 5. _______ than 少于 6. be __________ doing 值得做 7. add A ______ B 把A添加到B 8. serve _______ 充当 9. agree ______ 同意；赞成 10. care _______ 关心；在乎 11. rather _______ 而不是 12. for _________ 亲自 13. to one’s _______ 令某人吃惊的是 14. think _______ of 看重；器重 15. search _______ 寻找 1. of 2. belong 3. return 4. war 5. less than 6. worth 7. to 8. as 9. with 10. about 11. than 12. oneself 13. to 14. highly 15. for 二、课本知识点 2. in search of 寻找，找寻in the search of (?) in one’s search for = in the search for (?) search sp.某地for sb./sth 搜查某地寻找某人某物in one’s research of (×) 3. could have done 意思1：过去可能做过某事 I can't imagine how he could have thought of doing such a thing。 我不能想象他怎么会想到做这样的事。 这里的could表示对可能性的一种推测。 意思2：本来可以做某事(而实际上没做)*- But for your help, I could have fed the fishes. 若不是你搭救，我恐怕已经葬身鱼腹了 4.must have done 肯定干了某事 can’t have done = couldn’t have done 肯定没干某事 5. may have done = might have done 可能干了某事 may not have done = might not have done 过去可能没做过某事 6. need have done 本应该做某事但是没有 needn’t have done 本不必做某事（而实际上做了） 7. should have done = ought to have done 本该做某事（而实际上未做） 8. shouldn’t have done = oughtn’t to have done 本不该做某事（而实际上做了） 9. would have done 本来会做某事 10. would not have done 本来不会做某事（但是做了） 11. imagine doing 想象做某事imagine sb doing 想象某人干某事 imagine sb’s doing 想象某人干某事
高一英语必修1 Unit 1 Friendship Part 1. Warming up 1.介词不同，含义有别： be good to sb./sth. 对… 好be good for sb./sth. 对… 有好处 be good at (doing) sth. 擅长，精通be good with sb./sth. 善于应付… 的 eg. She was very good to me when I was ill. Doing morning exercises is good for health. Tim is good at speaking English. He is very good with children. 他对孩子很有一套。 2.add up 合计，把…加起来add up to 合计达到… add to 增加，增添add A to B 把…加进…里面，把…和…相加 eg. Please add these figures up. These figures add up to 900. The bad weather added to our difficulities. Please add some salt to the water. Add three to four and you get seven. ▲ add vt. 补充说（后接that从句或者直接引语） eg. He added that they would return in a week. “And don’t be late,”she added. 3.point n.点，要点，观点，意义，得分v.指着 be on the point of doing sth. when......=be about to do sht. when....正要做某事，这时...... There is no point (in) doing sth. 没有必要（意义）做某事 4. until与not … until until表示动作、状态的持续，强调“一直到……为止”，或强调某个动作或状态一直持续到另一个动作或状态出现之前。常与表示延续性动作的动词连用。 not … until表示“到……为止；直到……才”，常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用。 eg. He lived with his parents until he graduated from college. The noise of the street didn’t stop until midnight. 5. finish sth./doing sth. 后跟动名词作宾语的动词或短语还有：admit, appreciate, avoid，consider，delay, enjoy，escape, feel like, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine，mind, miss（错过）, practice, suggest, risk，can't stand（不能忍受）, can’t help (忍不住），give up, put off等。 help sb.(to) do sth. There is no way to escape doing the work. 没有办法逃脱做这项工作。 We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。 He put off paying the bills 6. get sth. done 使某事被做( get做使役动词，“使、叫、让”后接复合宾语) eg. When are you going to get your hair cut? I must get my homework finished first before going out to play. He got his foot hurt while playing football. ▲get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事eg. I will get him to do the work. ▲get sb./sth. doing…使某人或者某物开始…起来eg. Let me try now. I will get the car going. ▲get + n. + adj. 使… 成为某种状态eg. Get everything ready. ★联想：have sth. done 使某事被做 have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
Unit 1 friendship Participants: 靳燕，黄洋，董妮娅，仝亚军，李桂秀，吴晓，邹舍龙 School: Tai Zhou No.1 Senior Middle School 1.Teaching aims and demands 类别课程标准要求掌握的项目 话题Friends and friendship; interpersonal relationships 词汇Add point upset ignore calm concern loose cheat reason list share feeling Netherlands German outdoors crazy nature purpose dare thunder entirely power according trust indoors suffer teenager advice questionnaire quiz situation editor communicate habit add up calm down have got to be concerned about walk the dog go through hide away set down a series of on purpose in order to face to face according to get along with fall in love join in 功能 1.态度(attitudes) Are you afraid that---? I’v e grown so crazy about--- dare--- I didn’ｔ 2. 同意和不同意（agreement and disagreement） I agree. I think so. Exactly. think so. I’m afraid not. agree. I don’ｔ I don’ｔ 3.肯定程度（certainty） That’s correct. Of course not. 语法直接引语和间接引语(1): 陈述句和疑问句 1.陈述句 want to set down a series of facts in a diary.” Said Anne. “Ｉd on’ｔ want to set down a series of facts in a diary. ----Anne said that she didn’ｔ 2.一般疑问句 He asked, “Are you leaving tonight?” ---He asked us whether we were leaving that night. 3.特殊疑问句 “When did you go to bed last night?” father said to Anne. --- Father asked Anne when she went to bed the night before. 2.Suggested teaching notes 1). Analyses of the teaching contents This unit is about friendship, and nearly all the teaching materials center
Unit 1 知识点 1.take place / happen / occur / come about / break out ①take place表示“发生、举行、举办”，多指按计划或设想发生。 ②happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。 sth happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上，sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事③occur作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于happen。 sth occur to sb某人（突然）想到某事 ④come about表示“发生、产生”，指事情已发生，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。 ⑤break out意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等 1). Great changes have ________(发生) in our hometown during the past ten years. 2). It _____________________ (我突然想起) I saw him on my way home yesterday. 3). I _________ (碰巧) to see your sister crying on my way to school yesterday. I was in such a hurry that I had no time to ask what had happened ________ (介词) her? 4). When the Second World War ________(爆发), Tom was only a newborn infant. 5). I’ll never understand how it _____(发生) that you were late three times a week. 6). A big earthquake _________ (发生) in the south of China last year. 2. celebrate / congratulate ①celebrate“庆祝”，后面跟某个节日或物。celebrate sth 庆祝某事 in celebration of 为庆祝...... ②congratulate“祝贺”，congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.“祝贺某人某事”。 1). We all ________ Jessica on her winning the first prize in the writing competition. 2). At Christmas the people in the western countries will _______the birth of Jesus. 3). Let’s hold a party to ___________ your birthday and at the same time ________ you ___________ your passing the examination. 4). They hold a party_________________ their victory . 3. award / reward ①award n.“奖品”、“奖金”，win/get/receive an award for sth.因......获奖vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给”award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. ②reward n.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬as a reward vt. 表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意reward sb. for（doing）sth. / reward sb. with sth. 【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。 1). They ________ John the first prize in the contest. 2). Is that how you ________ me for my help? 3). The film won an ________ ________ its photography.
一、柱、台、锥、球的结构特征 二、柱体、锥体、台体、球体的表面积、体积 1、面积公式 2、体积公式
球体的表面积与体积 4πR2 4/3πR3
习题： 1．一个棱柱是正四棱柱的条件是（）. A.底面是正方形，有两个侧面是矩形 B.底面是正方形，有两个侧面垂直于底面 C.底面是菱形，且有一个顶点处的三条棱两两垂直 D.每个侧面都是全等矩形的四棱柱 2．下列说法中正确的是（）. A. 以直角三角形的一边为轴旋转所得的旋转体是圆锥 B. 以直角梯形的一腰为轴旋转所得的旋转体是圆台 C. 圆柱、圆锥、圆台的底面都是圆 D. 圆锥侧面展开图为扇形，这个扇形所在圆的半径等于圆锥的底面圆的半3．下列说法错误的是（）. A. 若棱柱的底面边长相等，则它的各个侧面的面积相等 B. 九棱柱有9 条侧棱，9 个侧面，侧面为平行四边形 C. 六角螺帽、三棱镜都是棱柱 D. 三棱柱的侧面为三角形 4．下列说法正确的是（） A. 平行于圆锥某一母线的截面是等腰三角形 B. 平行于圆台某一母线的截面是等腰梯形 C. 过圆锥顶点的截面是等腰三角形 D. 过圆台上底面中心的截面是等腰梯形 5.如果一个几何体的正视图是矩形，则这个几何体不可能是（）. A. 棱柱 B. 棱台 C. 圆柱 D. 圆锥 6.下图所示为一简单组合体的三视图，它的左部和右部分别是（） A. 圆锥，圆柱 B. 圆柱，圆锥 C. 圆柱，圆柱 D. 圆锥，圆锥
7.下图是某个圆锥的三视图，请根据正视图中所标尺寸，则俯视图中圆的面积为，圆锥母线长为. 8.下列说法正确的是（）. A.相等的线段在直观图中仍然相等 B.若两条线段平行，则在直观图中对应的两条线段仍然平行 C.两个全等三角形的直观图一定也全等 D.两个图形的直观图是全等三角形，则这两个图形一定是全等三角形 9.如图所示的直观图，其平面图形的面积为（）. A. 3 B. 6 C. D. 10.用长为4，宽为2 的矩形做侧面围成一个圆柱，此圆柱轴截面面积为（）. 11.已知圆柱与圆锥的底面积相等，高也相等，它们的体积分别为V1 和V2 ，则V1 : V2 =（）. A. 1: 3 B. 1:1 C. 2 :1 D. 3 :1 12.如图，一个简单空间几何体的三视图其主视图与左视图是边长为2 的正三 角形、俯视图轮廓为正方形，则其体积是（）. 13.已知棱长为，各面均为等边三角形的四面体，求
高一英语必修一Unit1 Friendship知识点总结 1. be good to 对……友好 be good for 对……有益;be bad to…/be bad for… 2. add up 加起来增加 add up to 合计，总计 add… to 把……加到…… 3. not…until/till 意思是“直到…才” 4. get sth/sb done 使……完成/使某人被…… 5. calm down平静下来 6. be concerned about 关心注重 7. 当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的 主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。 While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose. 8. cheat in the exam 考试作弊 9. go through 经历;度过;获准，通过 10. hide away 躲藏;隐 藏 11. set down 写下，记下 12. I wonder if….. 我不知道是不是…. 12. on purpose 故意 13. sth happen to sb 某人发生某事 sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 it so happened that ……正巧碰巧 14. It is the first (second…) that… (从句谓语动词用现在 完成时) 15. in one’s power 处于……的控制之中16. It’s no pleasure doing…. 做…..没有乐趣 It’s no good/ use doing s th. 做某事是没好处/没用的
2020学年人教版高中英语必修三 知识点归纳 Unit 1 Festivals around the world 1. mean 的用法 1). mean doing sth. “意味着（必须要做某事或导致种结果）”, 其主语通常是指事物的词。 2). mean to do sth. “打算或企图做某事”，主语通常是表示人的名词或代词，过去完成式表示“本来打算做某事”。 3). mean sb. to do sth. “打算让某人做某事”，也可以用于被动结构。 4). mean 后接名词、副词或从句, “表示；打算；存心”等意思；后接that 从句，意为“表示……”。 5). be meant for “打算给予；打算作……用”。 In some parts of London, missing a bus means _____ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting 2. take place 发生；举行(不能用于被动语态中!) ①The performance didn’t take place after all. 演出终于没有进行。 ②Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place? 事故发生时，有人路过那里吗？ 与place相关短语： in the first place （用于列举理由）首先，第一点in the last place 最后 in one’s place 处于某人的位置，为某人设身处地想一想in place 放在原来的位置，就位 in place of 代替，用……而不用……take one’s place 找替某人接替某人的位置 3. of all kinds 各种各样的 相关归纳：all kinds of 各种各样的the same kind of 相同种类的 different kinds of 不同种类的this/that kind of 这（那）种 a kind of 某种 ①That kind of question is very difficult to answer.= Questions of that kind are difficult to answer. ②We sell all kinds of shoes.= We sell shoes of all kinds. ③You can see different kinds of animals in the zoo. = You can see animals of different kinds in the zoo. 你在动物园可以看见不同种类的动物。 用动词的适当形式填空 ①Books of this kind ____ (sell) well in the bookstore. ②This kind of books ____ (sell) well in the bookstore. 4. starve v.挨饿; 饿死 He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。 5. plenty n.富裕 days/years/...of plenty 富裕的日子/年月 如：You have a life of plenty, what would you be worried about? plenty pron.大量; 充足 plenty of可修饰可数名词和不可数名词, 用于陈述句。 如: You needn’t hurry. There is plenty of time left. 你不必慌忙, 剩下的时间很充足。 Taking plenty of exercise every day keeps you healthy. 每天多运动会使你身体健康。 6. 1) satisfy vt.满足,使…满意; satisfy sb. satisfied a.感到满意的; be satisfied with satisfying a.令人愉快的satisfaction n.满意; to one’s satisfaction satisfactorily ad.满意地satisfactory a. 令人满意的 She bought a satisfactory computer—it’s cheap and of high quality. 辨析satisfactory, satisfied, satisfying
2020学年人教版高中英语必修三 单元知识点总结归纳 1.starve 1)vi./vt. （使）挨饿，（使）饿死 They got lost and starved to death. Boxers sometimes starve themselves for several days to control weight. 2)vi. 渴望，急需要 starve for sth; starve to do sth She’s starving for you r attention. She has been starving to see you. 她一直渴望见到你。 be starved of 需要，渴望，缺乏 2.be difficult to find:____ 难以找到，难以发现____ sth. be + adj. + to do : sth.是do的逻辑宾语，意思是to do sth be adj. 类似形容词有：easy, hard, difficult,interesting, pleasant, nice, fit, unfit, bitter, light, heavy ,dangerous, important, sweet, necessary. e.g.1) English _ is difficult to learn well in a short time.英语难以在短时间内学好。 2) The problem _ is really hard to work out.__这个问题很难算出来。 3) My boss___ is easy to get along with.___我的上司很容易相处。 [练习]The chair looks rather hard, but in fact , it’s very comfortable to_____. A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 答案：B 3. satisfy : vt / vi (使)满意,满足satisfy sb / sth The story didn’t satisfy me.What h e did didn’t satisfy me. satisfied adj. 感到满意的satisfying adj. 令人满意的 satisfactory adj. 使人满意的satisfaction n. 满意，满足 be satisfied with sb/sth 对...满意; be satisfied to do sth 对做...感到满意; to one’s satisfaction 使某人满意的是..; for from satisfactory 远非令人满意; I’m satisfied with what he did. To my satisfaction, he passed the exam. [练习]1）Are you __________ to hear the ___________news? 2）Yes, I’m _______ with the news. 3）That is to say, the news _________me . 4）What about you? Are you _________ ________ the news? 1）satisfied、satisfying 2）satisfied 3）satisfies 4）satisfied with 4. in memory of : 纪念,作为…的纪念= to the memory of sb The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist. 类似短语有： in honor of in favor of in charge of in need of in search of in honor of 5. … because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. lead sb. to + n. __带领某人通往/到……_
必修2 Unit 1 Cultural relics 1. in search of…寻找… Search sb 搜身search for 寻找 search sb. / a place for sth. 搜身/搜查某个地方找某事物 2. could not/never have done 不可能做过某事 3. be used to do sth. 被用来做…The wood will be used to make tables and chairs. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做…He is used to living with the farmers now. used to do sth. 过去常常做…She used to come a lot, but now we seldom see her. 4. make it 达到目的，取得成功 5. in the fancy style 以一种奇特的风格 in style 流行out of style 过时 6. decorate. v. 装饰decoration. n. 装饰decorate sth. with sth. be decorated with sth. 7. survive: v. 生存，存活，经历（事故、灾难后）还活着，幸存，比…长寿 survival: n. 生存，幸存survivor: n. 幸存者 8. by design = on purpose 故意地by chance = by accident 偶然地 9. belong to 属于，是…其中的一员或一部分（无被动，无进行时） In our country, land doesn’t belong to any individual. Belonging to the developing countries, China faces many difficulties. 10. in return 作为报答in return for…作为对…的报答 11. Serve v. 服务service n. 服务serve as 担任，充当 He serves as a waiter here. The box can serve as a table. 12. reception desk 接待处give a warm reception to…热情地接待… 13. have/get sth. done 使…被做 I must have/get my homework finished before going out to play. 14. light: v. 点燃，照亮light up 点（烟），照亮，（使）变亮，（脸等）放光彩 Her eyes lit up with joy. light的过去式和过去分词有两种：lit和lighted，作为动词时二者可通用，但作定语时，只能用lighted. He lit/lighted a candle and handed the lighted candle to me. 15. consider doing sth. 考虑做…. be considered to be…被认为… 16. wonder: v. 想知道，感到惊奇，疑惑n. 奇迹，奇人/事 (It’s) no wonder (that)…难怪…He hasn’t slept at all for three days. No wonder (that) he is worn out. 17. at war 处于战争状态 18. remove：v. ①搬开，拿开，移动②去掉，消除③脱掉④搬家，迁移 His name was removed from the list. 19. furniture: n. 家具（不可数） a piece of furniture = an article of furniture They didn’t buy much furniture before they got married. 20. doubt: v. n. 怀疑，疑惑