SECTION 2: READING TEST
Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each pas sage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Question 1-5
Life expectancy in the richest countries of the world now exceeds the poorest by more than 30 years, figures show. The gap is widening across the world, with Western countries and the growing economies of Latin America and the Far East advancing more rapidly than Africa and the countries of the former Soviet Union. Average life expectancy in Britain and similar countries of the OECD was 78.8 in 2000-05, an increase of more than seven years since 1970-75 and almost 30 years over the past century. In sub-Saharan Africa, life expectancy has increased by just four months since 1970, to 46.1 years. Narrowing this "health gap" will involve going beyond the immediate causes of disease-poverty, poor sanitation and infection-to tackle the "causes of the causes" -the social hierarchies in which people live, says the report published by the Glo bal Commission on the Social Determinants of Health established by the WHO in 2005.
Professor Sir Michael Marmot, chairman of the commission, who first coined the term "status syndrome", said social status was the key to tackling health
inequalities worldwide. In the 1980s, in a series of ground-breaking studies among Whitehall civil servants, Professor Marmot showed that the risk of death among those on the lower rungs of the career ladder was four times higher than those at the top, and that the difference was linked with the degree of control the individuals had over their lives.
He said yesterday that the same rule applied in poorer countries. If people increased their status and gained more control over their lives they improved their health because they were less vulnerable to the economic and environmental threats. "When people think about those in poor countries they tend to think about poverty, lack of housing, sanitation and exposure to infectious disease. But there is another issue, the social gradient in health which I called status syndrome. It is not just those at the bottom of the hierarchy who have worse health; it is all the way along the scale. Those second from the bottom have worse health than those above them but better health than those below."
The interim report of the commission, in the online edition of The Lancet, says the effects of status syndrome extend from the bottom to the top of the hierarchy, with Swedish adults holding a PhD having a lower death rate than those with a master's degree. The study says: "The gradient is a worldwide occurrence, seen in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries. It means we are all implicated."
The result is that even within rich countries such as Britain there are striking inequalities in life expectancy. The poorest men in Glasgow have a life
expectancy of 54, lower than the average in India. The answer, the report says, is empowerment, of individuals, communities and whole countries. "Technical and medical solutions such as medical care are without doubt necessary. But they are insufficient." Professor Marmot said: "We talk about three kinds of empowerment. If people don't have the material necessities, they cannot be empowered. The second kind is psycho-social empowerment: more control over their lives. The third is political empowerment: having a voice."
The commission's final report, to be published soon, will identify the ill effects of low status and make recommendations for how they can be tackled. In Britain a century ago, infant mortality among the rich was about 100 per 1,000 live births compared with 250 per 1,000 among the poor. Infant mortality is still twice as high among the poor in Britain, but the rates have come down dramatically to 7 per 1,000 among the poor and 3.5 among the rich. Professor Marmot said: "We have made dramatic progress, but this is not about abolishing the rankings, but by identifying the ill effects of hierarchies we can make huge improvement."
1. Which of the following CANNOT be found from the passage?
(A) Life expectancy in Latin America and the Far East is increasing faster than Africa.
(B) In Africa, life expectancy had only increased by four years since 1970 to
46.1 years.
(C) There is a gap of more than 30 years in life expectancy between the richest countries and the poorest countries.
(D) Within rich countries there are also great inequalities in life expectancy between the rich and the poor.
2. According to the passage, the term "status syndrome" _______,
(A) was first accepted by the World Health Organisation in 2005
(B) was proposed by Professor Marmot to describe social changes
(C) is used to expose the major causes of health inequalities
(D) is used to show the correlation between sanitation and infection
3.According to the passage, the effects of status syndrome _______.
(A) can only be found from those living at the bottom of the society
(B) usually are greater among those from the lower classes
(C) are the same on people from each ladder of the social hierarchy
(D) extend universally from the bottom to the top of the social hierarchy
4.Professor Marmot proposed that "empowerment" should ________.
(A) mainly include technical and medical advancement
(B) be equal to access to material necessities
(C) be material, psycho-social and political
(D) be the final answer to the social problem of "health gap"
5.What can be concluded from the passage?
(A) Health inequality is closely related to social hierarchies.
(B) The "causes of the causes" of health gap lie in the differences between rich and poor countries.
(C) Social ranking should be ultimately abolished.
(D) The rich countries should give more assistance to poor countries to fill the health gap.
Questions 6-10
In Idaho's Snake River Valley, where potato farmers depend on electric pumps to water their crops, the state's largest power company hopes to stand tradition on its head and profit by selling farmers less, not more, electricity. To do that, Idaho Power is vastly expanding its energy-efficiency programs for 395,000 residential customers, small businesses, and farmers. Usually the more customers save, the less utilities make. But under an innovative deal with state regulators in March, Idaho Power gets paid for its plants and equipment and boosts profits by winning incentive payments for reducing electric demand.
It's an idea that appears to be catching on as legislatures fret about global warming and utilities scramble to meet rising demand without the increasing harassment and cost of building new power plants. Idaho is among 13 states whose regulators have either adopted or proposed measures in the past year to decouple utility profit from electricity production. Decoupling is advancing even
faster for natural-gas utilities, with 25 states either adopting or proposing decoupling plans in recent years. "This wave toward 'decoupling' is clearly gathering momentum," says Martin Kushler of the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy in Washington. "More states seem to be calling every week to find out about this."
Although California pioneered the idea 25 years ago-and strengthened incentives and penalties last month-interest is picking up again because of global warming, experts say. The main idea is that by rearranging the incentive structure, regulators can give utilities clear incentives to push energy efficiency and conservation without hurting their bottom lines. Under the new rules in California, for example, electric utilities could make as much as $150 million extra if they can persuade Californians to save some $2 billion worth of power, according to the Natural Resources Defense Council.
"This is a vital step in the global-warming fight," says Audrey Chang, an NRDC researcher. "It represents, we hope, a historic shift toward decoupling that is going to help bend the energy demand curve downwards." Beside Idaho, states that this year adopted decoupling for some or all of its electric power industry include New York, Connecticut, and Vermont. At least nine other states have seen major decoupling proposals this year.
Idaho Power is happy that its key fixed costs-plants and equipment-are now separated from variable costs of electricity sales such as fuel. Regulators annually readjust those fixed rates-up or down-a maximum of 3 percent to ensure that the company gets no more or less than it has been regulated to
receive. But customers should benefit, too, as utility efficiency programs cut energy use and energy bills-something the company is trying hard to do so it can win a bonus if it meets or exceeds energy-cutting goals. "Before there was almost a disincentive to go hard at efficiency because we weren't recovering our fixed costs," says Mike Youngblood, an analyst for Idaho Power. "Now the anticipation is that we will recover our fixed cost, no more or less. And our customers will see their bill go down if they invest in energy efficiency."
One key reason utilities are often willing to decouple or even leading proponents of the proposals is because the costs of building a power plant has risen dramatically. A 500-megawatt coal-fired plant that cost $1 billion just a few years ago might cost $1.5 billion today, industry experts say. Add to that growing uncertainty about future costs. Global-warming legislation could put a price of $30 per ton on carbon-dioxide emissions from power plants. That could make coal, the cheapest power today, more costly. Another factor is the rising community opposition to coal-fired power plant construction.
In North Carolina, where regulators recently refused a Duke Energy Corp. proposal to build a power plant, the company has instead put forward a controversial decoupling proposal. The plan would pay the company to meet efficiency standards, although consumer advocates and even environmental groups question whether it's a good deal for ratepayers. In fact, some consumer advocates have major reservations about decoupling overall. "Unfortunately, we're seeing utilities trying to use decoupling as a blank check," says Charles Acquard, executive director of the National Association of State Utility
Consumer Advocates in Silver Spring, Md. "We're not absolutely opposed to decoupling. It's how you do it that's critical."
6.
What is the main idea of the passage?
(A) Electric utilities lose more profits from reducing electric demand.
(B) Electric utilities gain more profits from increasing electric demand.
(C) The more electricity customers save, the less profits utilities make.
(D) The more electricity customers save, the more incentive payments utilities get.
7.
Which of the following gives the best definition of the expression "to stand tradition on its head" (para. 1)?
(A) To criticize tradition.
(B) To go against tradition.
(C) To carry forward tradition.
(D) To integrate tradition.
8.
In the passage, the measures of decoupling used in utility efficiency programs refer to the practice of ________.
(A) separating the utility profits from power production
(B) combining fixed costs with variable costs
(C) strengthening both incentives and penalties
(D) rearranging the incentive structure
9.
According to the passage, when Idaho Power is building plants and purchasing equipment, such fixed costs _______.
(A) will no longer be treated as the costs of electricity sales
(B) will partially be covered by state regulators
(C) are still to be recovered by the companies
(D) are paid from customers' electricity bills
10.
All of the following are the reasons why electric utilities welcome decoupling EXCEPT ______.
(A) the rapidly ris ing cost of building power plants
(B) the uncertainty about future costs
(C) the community opposition to the building of coal-fired power plants
(D) the reservations consumer advocates have about energy-saving measures Questions 11-15
Historically, TV's interest in "green" issues has been limited to the green that spend: and makes the world go round. (That, and Martians.) As for environmentalism, TV is where people watch SUV ads on energy-sucking giant screens that are as thirsty as a Bavarian at Oktoberfest.
But with the greening of politics and pop culture-from Al Gore to Leo DiCaprio to Homer and Marge in The Simpsons Movie-TV is jumping on the biodiesel-fueled band-wagon. In November, NBC (plus Bravo, Sci Fi and other sister channels) will run a week of green-themed episodes, from news to sitcoms. CBS has added a "Going Green" segment to The Early Show. And Fox says it will work climate change into the next season of 24. ("Dammit, Chloe, there's no time! The polar ice cap's going to melt in 15 minutes!")
On HGTV's Living with Ed, actor Ed Begley Jr. offers tips for eco-living from his solar-powered house in Studio City, Calif.-see him energy-audit Cheryl
Tiegs!-while Sundance airs its documentary block "The Green." MTV will set The Real World: Hollywood in a "green" house. Next year Discovery launches
24-hour eco-lifestyle channel Planet Green, a plan validated this spring when the eco-minded documentary Planet Earth became a huge hit for Discovery. "Green is part of [Discovery's] heritage," says Planet Green president Eileen
O'Neill. "But as pop culture was starting to recognize it, we realized we could do a better job positioning ourselves."
Clearly this is not all pure altruism. Those popular, energy-stingy compact fluorescent bulbs? NBC's owner, General Electric, has managed to sell one or two. "When you have them being a market leader and saying this makes good business sense, people listen to that on [the TV] side," says Lauren Zalaznick, Bravo Media president, who is heading NBC's effort. And green pitches resonate with young and well-heeled viewers (the type who buy Priuses and $2-a-lb. organic apples), two groups the networks are fond of. NBC is confident enough in its green week's appeal to schedule it in sweeps.
It's an unlikely marriage of motives. Ad-supported TV is a consumption medium: it persuades you to want and buy stuff. Traditional home shows about renovating and decorating are catnip for retailers like Lowe's and Home Depot. Of course, there are green alternatives to common purchases: renewable wood, Energy Star appliances, hybrid cars. But sometimes the greener choice is simply not to buy so much junk-not the friendliest sell to advertisers.
The bigger hurdle, though, may be creative. How the NBC shows will work in the messages is still up in the air. (Will the Deal or No Deal babes wear hemp miniskirts? Will the Bionic Woman get wired for solar?) Interviewed after the 24 announcement, executive producer Howard Gordon hedged a bit on Fox's green promises: "It'll probably be more in the props. We might see somebody drive a hybrid."
Will it work? Green is a natural fit on cable lifestyle shows or news
programs-though enlisting a news division to do advocacy has its own issues. But commanding a sitcom like The Office to work in an earnest environmental theme sounds like the kind of high-handed p.r. directive that might be satirized on, well, The Office. Even Begley-formerly of St. Elsewhere-notes that the movie Chinatown worked because it kept the subplot about the water supply in Los Angeles well in the background: "It's a story about getting away with murder, and the water story is woven in."
Of course, in an era of rampant product placement, there are worse things than persuading viewers to buy a less wasteful light bulb by hanging one over Jack Bauer as he tortures a terrorist. The greatest challenge-for viewers as well as programmers-is not letting entertainment become a substitute for action; making and watching right-minded shows isn't enough in itself. The 2007 Emmy Awards, for a start, aims to be carbon neutral: solar power, biodiesel generators, hybrids for the stars, bikes for production assistants-though the Academy cancelled Fox's idea to change the red carpet, no kidding, to green. The most potent message may be seeing Hollywood walk the walk, in a town in which people prefer to drive.
11.
Which of the following does not serve as the example to support the statement "TV is jumping on the biodiesel-fueled bandwagon" (para. 2)?
(A) MTV: The Real World: Hollywoodwill be set in a "green" house.
(B) NBC: The program of the Deal or No Deal will be continued.
(C) NBC: A week of green-themed episodes is being planned.
(D) CBS: A "Going Green" program has been added to The Early Show.
12.
By stating that "Clearly this is not all pure altruism." (para. 4), the author is _______.
(A) highly appreciative
(B) somewhat critical
(C) ironic and negative
(D) subjective and passionate
13.
Why does the author mention in paragraph 4 the two groups the networks are fond of?
(A) They are the main target of the consumption medium.
(B) They are the advocates of green movement.
(C) They are most representative of today's audience.
(D) They are young adults and senior citizens.
14.
Which of the following best explains the sentence "It's an unlikely marriage of motives." (para. 5)?
(A) Ad-supported TV has consistent motives.
(B) The main target of ad-supported TV is to persuade viewers to buy more.
(C) It's impossible for TV to readjust its opposing motives.
(D) It's quite difficult for TV to integrate its motives.
15.
It can be concluded from the passage that "product placement" (para. 8) is a kind of _______.
(A) commodity exhibition
(B) display of products
(C) indirect advertising
(D) direct promotion strategy
Questions 16-20
Military victories, trade, missionary zeal, racial arrogance and a genius for bureaucracy all played well-documented roles in making the British Empire the largest the world has known. Rather less well understood was the importance of
the moustache. A monumental new history, The Decline and Fall of the British Empire by Piers Brendon, promises to restore this neglected narrative to its rightful place in the national story.
Dr Brendon, a Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge Univers ity, argues that colonial moustaches had a clear practical purpose: to demonstrate virility and intimidate the Empire's subject peoples. The waxing and waning of the British moustache precisely mirrored the fortunes of the Empire-blooming beneath the noses of the East India Company's officers, finding full expression in Lord Kitchener's bushy appendage and fading out with the Suez crisis in Anthony Eden's apologetic wisps.
This analys is of the "growth of the stiff upper lip" is an essential strand of Dr Brendon's epic 650-page political, cultural, economic and social history of the Empire, which is published on October 18. "It is a running gag in a serious book, but it does give one a point of reference," he said yesterday. In the 18th and early 19th century, sophisticated Britons wore wigs but spurned facial hair. The exception was the King, George III, whose unshaven appearance was mocked as a sign of his madness. However, by the 1830s the "moustache movement" was in the ascendancy. British officers, copying the impressive moustaches that they encountered on French and Spanish soldiers during the Napoleonic Wars, started the craze, but the real impetus came form India.
Just as British troops in Afghanistan today are encouraged to grow beards to ease their dealings with local tribesmen, so the attitudes of Indian troops under the command of East India Company officers in the first half of the 19th century
altered the appearance of the British soldier. "For the Indian sepoy the moustache was a symbol of virility. They laughed at the unshaven British officers," Dr Brendon said. In 1854 moustaches were made compulsory for the company's Bombay regiment. The fashion took Britain by storm as civilians imitated their heroes.
Dr Brendon writes: "During and after the Crimean War, barbers advertised different patterns in their windows such as the 'Raglan' and the Cardigan'." Moustaches were clipped, trimmed and waxed "until they curved like sabres and bristled like bayonets". After 1918 moustaches became thinner and humbler as the Empire began to gasp for breath, even as it continued to expand territorially. It had been fatally wounded, Dr Brendon suggests, by the very belief in the freedom that it had preached. After the victory over Germany and Japan in 1945, independence movements across the red-painted sections of the world map, and Britain's own urgent domestic priorities, meant that the Empire was doomed.
The moustache too was in terminal decline. "It had become a joke thanks to Charlie Chaplin and Groucho Marx. It had become an international symbol of 'villainy' thanks to Hitler's toothbrush, writes Dr Brendon. In Britain it was also synonymous with the "Colonel Blimps" clinging to an outmoded idea of colonial greatness.
In Eden's faint moustache Britain's diminished international status found a fitting symbol. It all but disappeared on TV and, moments before his broadcast on the eve of the fateful occupation of the Suez Canal in 1956, his wife had to
blacken the bristles with mascara. His successor, Harold Macmillan, was the last British Prime Minister to furnish his upper lip. Harold Wilson, the self-styled man of the people, had been clean shaven since the 1940s, Dr Brendon notes. "He obviously believed that the white hot technological revolution was not to be operated with a moustache."
16.
It can be concluded from the passage that the British moustache _______.
(A) has been well documented in the history of the British Empire
(B) has long been considered significant in the formation and expansion of the British Empire
(C) has often been ridiculed in the colonial history of the United Kingdom
(D) has long been ignored and considered insignificant in the making of the British Empire
17.
The word "virility" in the sentence "that colonial moustaches had a clear practical purpose: to demonstrate virility and intimidate the Empire's subject peoples" (para. 2) can best be interpreted as _______.
(A) bravery
(B) masculinity
(C) maturity
(D) puberty
18.
According to the passage, the Crimean War which witnessed the development of different patterns of the British moustache was fought ________.
(A) in the early 19th century
(B) in the 18th century
(C) in the middle of the 19th century
(D) in the late 18th century
19.
It can be inferred from the passage that from the 1950s to the 1960s, the three statesmen held the post of British Prime Minister by the order of _______.
(A) Harold Wilson, Anthony Eden and Harold Macmillan
(B) Anthony Eden, Harold Wilson and Harold Macmillan
(C) Anthony Eden, Harold Macmillan and Harold Wilson
(D) Harold Macmillan, Anthony Eden and Harold Wilson
20.
Which of the following CANNOT be true according to the passage?
(A) Dr Brendon points out that colonial moustaches are the deciding factor which led to the downfall of the British Empire.
(B) Dr Brendon has made it clear that the history of colonial moustaches reflects from one angle the decline of the British Empire.
(C) Dr Brendon has tried to restore the role of colonial moustaches in the history of the British Empire.
(D) Dr Brendon has made a detailed study of the rise and decline of the British moustache in the past centuries.
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate of the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
What today's global market economy teaches many of us who are involved in political life is that even when they are inconvenient, the laws of economics, like the laws of physics, cannot be repealed for the convenience of governments. The economic principles for national success are as difficult to implement as they are easy to state. There is a paradox in all our countries. Just as a new global economy creates more to look forward to than ever before, it also brings more uncertainty and more change to worry about than ever before. That is why the challenge of crafting economy policy in your country as in mine is one of balance. A balance between moving toward necessary objectives and
maintaining stability. A balance between responding to global realities and upholding domestic traditions. And a balance between the virtues of competition as the best known motivator and driver of success, and the importance of cohesion and cooperation as sources of strength for our societies. These balances will have to be struck and calibrated every year in every country in this new global economy. If one looks at the success over the long term of the economy in any developed country, more than any scientific innovation, what has been important is a potent social innovation. This is what one might call the intangible infrastructure of a modern market economy.
SECTION 5: READING TEST
Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Questions 1-3
According to legend, King Canute of Denmark facetiously tried to stop the rising tide by simply raising his hand and commanding the waters to roll back. The tide, of course, kept rising. Yet policymakers throughout history have followed Canute's lead. From Hillary Clinton and John Edwards to Mitt Romney and Arnold Schwarzenegger, politicians across the spectrum have tried or vowed to solve America's health-care woes by enacting an individual mandate-a law requiring every adult to purchase health insurance. Despite its bipartisan
97年11月上海高级口译考试真题(B卷) 一、口语题 Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 5 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with “My name is...” “My registration number is...” 1、Topic: Many people like to travel a lot on holidays. People may travel by air, by sea, by train, by coach or on foot. What do you think is the ideal way of traveling? Explain your argument. 2、Question for Reference: 1. Describe one of your interesting traveling experiences. 2. Make a comparison between air travel and train travel. 3. What do you think is the reward of traveling? 二、口译题 1、Part A （英译中） Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each passage, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage. Passage 1: The trouble with education in Britain lies with the teachers. I don’t think teachers get enough training in actually how to teach rather than the subject they are teaching. They are too serious, too academic and not imaginative enough.//
上外口译培训网[https://www.doczj.com/doc/938078265.html,] 2015年3月上海高级口译考试真题(阅读部分) 第六部分汉译英（下半场） 2015年春季上海英语高级口译考试考生须知： 2015年春季高级口译考试在3月15日上午8:00开考进场，考试分为上下两个半场，中间10:00—10:10休息。如欲中途退场，须在听力考试结束后方可交卷离场，但上下半场考试结束后前10分钟内，不得交卷离场。英译汉试题是高级口译考试上半场最后一道题，汉译英试题是下半场最后一道题。 Parenthood should be affordable in this country, but the cost of raising a child from birth to adulthood is now a quarter of a million dollars and projected to double by the time today's toddlers reach their teens. 首段无需过分投入，只需看到两个关键词 affordable 和 cost 便知文章的话题所在。 Will having kids soon be out of reach economically for many American families? A recent report from the Center for American Progress found that middle-class families are feeling an unprecedented economic squeeze - caught between stagnating wages and the exploding cost of basics like housing, health care and children's education. Most families, it seems, are getting by on less and living closer to the financial edge to help their kids grow up healthy and get ahead. 第二段开篇以设问形式点出文章主体：为什么迫于经济压力，很多美国家庭无法生儿育女?答案的关键词在于“caught between stagnating wages and the exploding cost of basics” The most striking growth in costs to families has been in child care, where expenses have climbed about $200 annually in each of the last dozen years, with nearly tenfold growth since the 1960s. Child care, on average, consumes $1 of every $5 in a family's budget and exceeds the typical rent in every state. 本段以细节形式点出抚养儿女的成本增加之快。 In terms of their kids' health, families increasingly have to choose between treating their children's medical needs and paying household bills. Despite gains in the percentage of children with health insurance, per capita medical spending
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2008年3月 (总分：5.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、口语题(总题数：1，分数：1.00) 1.Topic: Should we stop bank loans to businesses which disregard environmental protection? Questions for Reference: 1. In some cities in China, local banks have stopped giving loans to those businesses which have caused pollution to the environment. Do you think the banks are doing the right thing or not? 2. What should the local governments or banks do- to shut the businesses which pollute the environment, or help these businesses "reduce the damage to the environment? 3. Could you recommend some effective measures to tackle the problem? （分数：1.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：() 解析：(略) 二、口译题(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 三、Part A (总题数：1，分数：2.00) （分数：2.00） (1).Passage 1（分数：1.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：() 解析：我很高兴能向建校60周年的贵校表示问候。贵校是一所名校，已培养了6万多名外语专门人才，包括许多联合国译员。他们运用自己的技能跨越语言和文化障碍，促进交流。毕业生中还有成百上千的外交官，他们一直致力于不断加强中国与世界各国的联系，增进中国与世界各国的了解。// 确实，文明历来是通过知识交流而得到充实，无论是在科学、文化还是在经济领域，都是如此。在全球化 和信息高速传递的时代，知识和进步之间的联系更加密切了。知识是发展、社会进步和人类自由的关键因素，在任何领域中，必须允许知识跨越国家界限。知识本身必须全球化。你们正在为实现这个目标而努力，这是十分令人高兴的。 [解析] It gives me great pleasure to send my greetings to your university on the 60th anniversary of its founding. Your esteemed institution has trained more than 60,000 specialists in foreign languages, including many United Nations interpreters and translators, who have used their skills to facilitate communication across linguistic and cultural barriers. Graduates of the University also include hundreds of diplomats, who have worked to build stronger ties and better understanding between China and the world. // Indeed, civilizations have always been enriched by the exchange of knowledge, whether in the scientific, cultural and economic spheres. In an era of globalization and high-speed communication, the relationship between knowledge and progress has become even stronger. As a key ingredient in development, social progress and human freedom, knowledge in all fields must be allowed to reach across nations. Knowledge itself must be globalized. It is gratifying to know that the University is doing its part in this endeavor. (2).Passage 2（分数：1.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：() 解析：显然中美经济关系正在步入一个新阶段。首先，中美经济的互相依赖程度正在加深。在越来越多的 经济问题方面，我们都更加需要彼此。过去五年间，据美国方面的数据，美国对中国的出口额已经从180 亿美元增加到520亿美元，而美国从中国的进口额也从1000亿美元增加到2900亿美元。此外，美国和中
2011年3月高级口译翻译真题及答案（汉译英） 合营企业设董事会，其人数组成由合营各方协商，在合同、章程中确定，并由合营各方委派。董事会是合营企业的最高权力机构，决定合营企业的一切重大问题。董事长由合营各方协商确定或由董事会选举产生。董事长是合营企业法定代表人。董事长不能履行职责时，应授权其他董事代表合营企业。 An equity joint venture shall have a board of directors; the number of the directors thereof from each party and the composition of the board shall be stipulated in the contract and articles of association after consultation among the parties to the venture; such directors shall be appointed by the relevant parties. The highest authority of the joint venture shall be its board of directors, which shall decide all major issues concerning the joint venture. The chairman shall be determined through consultation by the parties to the venture or elected by the board of directors. The chairman of the board is the legal representative of the joint venture. Should the chairman be unable to perform his duties, he shall authorize another director to represent the joint venture. 董事会会议由董事长负责召集并主持。董事会会议应当有2/3以上董事出席方能举行。董事不能出席的，可以出具委托书委托他人代表其出席和表决。董事会会议应用中文和英文作详细记录，并在会议结束后14日内送交每位董事，由出席董事会会议的各位董事签字确认。 The board meeting shall be called and presided over by the chairman of the board. A board meeting requires a quorum of over two-thirds of the directors. Should a director be unable to attend, he may make a proxy authorizing someone else to represent him and vote in his stead. Detailed minutes of the board meeting shall be prepared in Chinese and English and shall be delivered to each director within fourteen days of the conclusion of the meeting to be signed and confirmed by each of the directors who attended the board meeting. 2011年3月高级口译翻译真题及答案（英译汉） When President Obama took the stage here Wednesday to address a community —and a nation —traumatized by Saturday’s shootings rampage in Tucson, Arizona, it invited comparisons to President George W. Bush’s speech to the nation af ter the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, and the memorial service President Bill Clinton led after the bombing of a federal office building killed 168 people in Oklahoma City in 1995. 本周三，奥巴马总统登台演讲，就上周六亚利桑那州图森市所发生的枪击惨案向饱受心灵创伤的公众及全国发表演讲，人们不禁联想到，布什总统在2001年911袭击之后的演讲、以及1995年克林顿总统为俄克拉荷马州联邦政府大楼爆炸中的168名遇害者举行的追悼会。 But Osama’s appearance presented a deeper challenge, reflecting the tenor of his
上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题（06.9） 1: (30 ) A: : , a . . . . . . a (1) , . I (2) . (3). , (4). , (5) . a (6) , a , , , (7) . (8). . (9) ? I (10). , , , (11). , 30 , (12) ! (一三). , , . (14). , (一五) , (16) . (17) . (一八), , . a ‘’ ‘’ . a , (19) . , (20). B: : . , . , . . 1 5 . 1. (A) 85 . (B) , . (C) . (D) . 2. (A) . (B) a “ ” . (C) . (D) 100. 3. (A) , , , . (B) , , , . (C) , , , . (D) , , , . 4. (A) a . (B) . (C) a , . (D) , , . 5. (A) . (B) . (C) a . (D) . 6 10 . 6. (A) 3 20 . (B) a . (C) . (D) 2050. 7. (A) . (B) a ’s . (C) . (D) .
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上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2016年09月 (总分：300.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、口语题(总题数：1，分数：150.00) 1.News report: More Chinese cities have announced new restrictions on property purchases as the government tries to cool soaring home prices stoked by property speculators in second-and third-tier cities across the country. The measures in Chengdu, Jinan, Wuhan and Zhengzhou were the latest in a string of steps to tighten credit flowing into the property sector as the government tries to balance the need to prevent bubbles while stimulating economic growth. All across the country, over 20 cities launched cooling measures, including stricter regulations on buyers" qualifications to buy second or third homes and tightened credit for homebuyers in a bid to curb speculation. Topic: The Impact of Purchase Restrictions Policy on the Real Estate Market Questions for Reference: 1. What do you know about the restrictions on property purchases in China? Do you think they will be effective in controlling the house prices in big cities? 2. Are there bubbles in China"s real estate market? Why or why not7 3. What other measures do you think will be instrumental in stabilizing the real estate market? Cite examples to illustrate your point. （分数：150.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：() 解析：略 二、口译题(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 三、Part A(总题数：1，分数：75.00) Directions : In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal...and stop it at the signal...You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage. Directions : In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal...and stop it at the signal...You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage. （分数：75.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：() 解析：如今各国政府必须面对的一个挑战是经济方面的，即下定决心利用全球市场提供的机会，而不是在全球市场中寻求保护。中国也积极应对全球竞争的挑战，因此发生了翻天覆地的变化。中国经济发展规模之大，在人类历史上前所未有。这使中国成为世界经济发展中的主要力量，也使数以百万计的中国人脱贫。全球化带来的另一个挑战在于外交政策，即各国需以全球性的行动促进本国和世界的安全与繁荣。随着中国日益繁荣，其在全球安全中的作用也与日俱增。中国在国际反恐行动中起着举足轻重的作用。作为联合国安理会常任理事国，中国外交政策一如既往地着眼于维护一个强大高效的国际体系。 [听力原文] One of the challenges to which governments today must respond is economic-finding the determination not to seek shelter from the global market, but to exploit the opportunities that it offers. The challenge of responding to global competition is one that China has embraced. And the results are simply staggering. The world has never before seen growth on the scale that China
上海中高级口译考试全解析 上海外语口译资格证书考试已经进行了将近十年，目前报考的人数越来越多，依然有很多第一次接触到口译考试的朋友对此考试感到疑惑，这里出一个解答的汇总，希望能解决大家心中的疑问 1、口译报考新手入门常见问题解答 2、英语中高级口译考试考试对象、考试流程、证书用途 口译报考新手入门常见问题解答 上海市外语口译证书考试还有很多别名。比如我们通常叫的上海口译考试、中高级口译证书考试……目前十分火热，且报考人数连年增长，这里针对新手报考口译考试通常会遇到的一些问题做了一系列整理，帮大家理清思路，搞清楚这到底是个怎样的口译考试 问：什么是上海市外语口译证书考试？ 答：上海市外语口译证书考试是上海紧缺人才培训工程重要项目之一，由上海市高校浦东继续教育中心（PCEC）负责组织实施。自1995年6月开考到现在，已有几十万人报考。考试通过者（含笔试和口试）获得由上海紧缺人才培训工程联席会议办公室颁发的《上海市外语口译岗位资格证书》 问：上海市外语口译证书考试有哪些考试项目？ 答：目前的考试项目有四个。它们是英语高级口译、英语中级口译、日语口译、英语口译基础能力。 问：这四个项目的考试费用是怎样的？ 答：在上海地区，考试收费标准由上海市物价部门审核批准。 英语高级口译笔试、口试各210元； 英语中级口译笔试、口试各180元；日语口译笔试、口试各200元； 英语基础能力笔试、口试共200元。 （以上费用为上海地区考务费、报名费，外省市考点的考生另增加代办费）。也就是说不同地区的报名费会略有高低不同，以当地报名点的报名费用为主。 问：通过考试，我可以拿到什么证书？ 答：英语高级口译、英语中级口译、日语口译笔试、口试全部合格者颁发《上海市外语口译岗位资格证书》； 笔试合格者可办理《上海市外语口译笔试合格证书》； 对英语口译基础能力笔试、口试全部合格者颁发《上海市英语口译基础能力合格证书》。问：要拿到《上海市外语口译岗位资格证书》，我需要通过哪几项考试？ 答：上海市外语口译证书考试通常分为两部分，即笔试和口试。 考生必须首先报考笔试，通过笔试部分考核的考生才能报考口试。笔试和口试都合格的考生才能拿到相应考试项目的岗位资格证书。如果只通过笔试，可以拿到《上海市外语口译笔试合格证书》。 通过笔试的的考生，在接下来的两年内，可以有四次机会报考口试。也就是说单项笔试成绩的有效期是两年。两年以后，若再想考口试，只能重新报考笔试，合格后获得报考口试的资格。 问：我拿到中级或者高级的《上海市外语口译岗位资格证书》，有没有时效性？ 答：没有任何时效性的限制。 问：考试一年有几次？什么时候开始报名？ 答：每年有两次考试，通常是在3月的第三个周末和9月的第三个周末，具体时间还要看当月的日期。 考试的报名时间为：
9月中级口译真题+参考答案(1) Part A: Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. British people are far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolution and you’ll know where ___________ （1）goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of ___________ （2）and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a ___________ （3）. Although tea is available in more places than ever, it remains to be _____________ （4）of a typical British family. If you are invited to an English home, _____________ （5）in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily _____________ （6）or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are _____________ （7）in your sweetest morning sleep you must not say: ‘Go away, you _____________ （8）.’ On the contrary, you have to declare with your best five o’clock smile: ‘Thank you very much. I _____________ （9）a cup of tea, especially in the morning.’ If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it _____________ （10）! Then you have ___________ （11）; then you have tea at 11 o’clock in the morning; _____________ （12）; then you have tea for tea; then after supper; and again at eleven o’clock _____________ （13）. You must not refuse any additional cups of tea under the _____________ （14）: if it is hot; if it is cold; if you are _____________ （15）; if you are nervous; if you are
上海市英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试2001年9月 (Test Book) SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (30 MINUTES) Part A: Spot Dictation Direction:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. The parents set the rules and the children obey, right? Wrong. In a growing number of North American families, adults have let their children _______________(1). “Parents want to be nurturing and make their small children happy, but many have become confused about _________ (2) to achieve this,”explains a noted psychologist. “Large numbers of parents are being ________ (3), to the point that entire families end up organizing themselves around _______________(4).” The problem is that many fathers and mothers try to be _______________(5) to their children. However, parenting is not a popularity contest. _______________(6) is a normal part of child development and is strongest between _______________(7). Setting rules and enforcing them teaches the child that he or she is _______________(8) but not equal in authority. Then a child feels safe and secure and can be a kid again. Believe it or not, it’s frightening for a child a realize that they are _____________(9) a situation. In upside-down families, when parents _________ (10) from the rules they set, children become very insecure, anxious, and out of control. They don’t _______________(11) to protect them. In order to _______________(12) and keep control, parents should act in accordance with the following tips: First, _______________(13). Parents cannot guide a child and seek his or her approval of their decisions _______________(14). Don’t say, “It’s time for bed. OK?” Instead, say, “It’s time for bed, kids.” Second, don’t _______________(15) and then change them. It’s very important to be consistent. Once you make a rule, _______________(16). Third, pay less attention to your child when _______________(17) is bad and more when it is good. Do not reward bad behavior by giving extra attention to it. Instead, save your attention for when _______________(18). Finally, don’t allow your kids to call you by _______________(19). This
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2010年9月 (总分：9.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、口语题 Directions：Talk on the following topic for 5 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with "My name is " "My registration number is… " (总题数：1，分数：1.00) 1.Topic：A Year of Economic Recovery Questions for Reference. 1. Many economists say that the year 2009 was a year of economic recovery for China. What was the goal of the annual GDP growth rate set by the Chinese Government7 2. This recovery was due to the forcefulness of the Chinese government's policies. The best-known and most effective measure is the 4-trillion-yuan stimulus plan. The major investment was put in infrastructure construction. Could you explain what infrastructure means? Name and describe one or two instances of infrastructure construction in 2009. 3. The economic recovery in 2009 has also improved the life of ordinary Chinese people. Say something about how you and your family, or your relatives or friends, have benefited from this economic recovery? （分数：1.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：() 解析： 二、口译题 (总题数：0，分数：0.00) 三、Part A Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal.., and stop it at the signal... You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let's begin Part A with the first passage. (总题数：1，分数：4.00)