高中英语语法定语从句总复习
定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。
一、关系带词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词
例１：This is the detective who came from London.
例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
２．关系代词的用法
(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼泪。）
(2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。
(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。
There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.
(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：
He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.
(5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。
(6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有某种特征．品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。
(7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。
(8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。
(9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you?（在这的所有人中谁和你一起去？）
关系代词which重要用法说明
■关系代词which只用于指事或物，不用于指人，它在定语从句中主要用作主语或宾语。如：
She was not on the train which arrived just now. 她不在刚才到达的那列火车上。(关系代词which指train，在从句中用作主语)
He never got back the money which he had lent him. 他从未收回他曾借给他的那笔钱。(关系代词which指money，在从句中用作宾语)
■which用于引导限制性定语从句外，还可以引导非限制定语从句。如：
The ship struck an iceberg, which tore a huge hole in her side. 船碰在一座冰山上，船帮被撞出一个大洞。
She gave me this jumper, which she had knitted herself. 她送给我这件羊毛衫，这是她亲手织的。
This machine, which I have looked after for twenty years, is still working perfectly.
这台机器我已经照管了20年，现在仍然没一点儿毛病。
■which有时也可用作定语，尤其用于“介词+which+名词”这类结构中，此时的whic h含有this或that的意味。如：
He may be busy, in which case I’ll call later. 他可能忙，如若如此，我以后再来拜访。
I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone. 我可能得晚点下班，那样我会打电话的。
He lost his temper, at which point I decided to go home. 他发脾气了，这时我就决定回家了。
He was appointed Lord Chancellor, in which post he spent the rest of his life. 他被任命为大法官，在这个职位上度过了他的后半生。
The postman comes at 6.30 in the morning, at which time I am usually fast asleep. 邮递员早晨6点30分来，这个时候我通常还睡着大觉呢。
It was derived from Posidonius, for which reason much of its information may well have been out of date. 它源于鲍森杜尼尔斯。由于这个原因，它的大部分信息很可能已经过时。
有时其前也可以没有介词。如：
He is studying economics, which knoweledge is very important today. 他学经济学，这种知识现今很重要。
He spoke in Greek, which language I could only follow with difficulty. 他说希腊语，我听起来很吃力。
■关系代词which有时可用于指人。原则上说，which用于指事物，不用于指人。但以下情况属于例外：
1. 用于在指人的名词之后，指不强调性别的婴儿：
He was the last child which was born. 他是最后出生的孩子。(which指小孩)
2. 当不是指具体的某人，而是指人的属性（如职业、身份、地位、职务、品质、特征等）时，则也用关系代词which而不用who。如：
They accused him of being a traitor, which he was. 他们指控他是叛徒，他真是叛徒。
She talked like a native, which she hardly was. 她说起话来像是个本地人，其实她不见得是。
■在非常正式的文体中，代词that后可以接一个修饰它的定语从句，这个定语从句通常用which来引导。如：
They say the only real knowledge is that which can be measured. 据说唯一真实的知识是可以检验的知识。
在现代英语中，that which通常用what来代替。如：
We have that which (=what) we need. 我们需要的东西都有了。
That which (=What) many people say is not always true. 很多人说的话并不表示一定是真的。
３．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构
(1) “介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。
(2) from where为“介词＋关系副词“结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town..
(3) 像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of 等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of. （这是她曾今照顾的孩子。）
2011年高考英语代词练习题及答案
代词在近几年高考英语试题中的复现率为100%，每年至少测试一道题。测试代词常用对话形式，构成特定语境，考查考生灵活运用代词的能力。代词指代的范围、作主语时主谓一致的用法、易混不定代词的细微差别都是高考英语的必考点。以下搜集整理供大家学习参考：
不定代词one，the one，ones与that，those，it的用法区别。
考点一、考查one（s），that，those，it的用法
［考点解读］
one泛指一个人或物？其复数形式为ones？one和the one作同位语时，如果与其同位的词语是特指，则用the one；如果是泛指，则用one，？
that指代前面提到过的名词，常有后置定语？that的复数形式是those？that可指代单数可数名词（= the one），也可指代不可数名词，或指代前面提到过的一件事？
it可指代前面提到过的一个名词，如例7；指代一件事，如例8；指代不明性别的婴儿或不明确的人，也可指代时间？天气？距离等0？
考点二、考查all，both，either，neither，none，no one的用法
［考点解读］
both表示“两个人或物都”，具有肯定含义；either表示“两者中的任何一个”，如例13；neither表示“两者都不”？
all表示“全部”，指三者或三者以上的人或物，；all也可笼统地表示“一切，所有”，none
表示“三者或三者以上的人或物的全部否定”，在与of连用或回答how many/much的提问时只能用none，no one表示“没有一个人”，
考点三、考查another，the other，others，the others的用法
［考点解读］
another泛指三个或三个以上的人或物中不确定的另一个，如例19？another还可以作形容词，表示“另一个的”
the other指已知的两个人或物中的另一个
others和“other + 名词”均泛指“别的人或物”
the others指“一定范围内其余的人或物”，如例23？如果被指代的名词是不可数名词，则用the rest替代，
考点四、考查（a）little，（a）few，some，any的用法
［考点解读］
few和little可用作代词和形容词？few和a few可以修饰或代替可数名词复数？few有否定含义，a few有肯定含义，little和a little可以修饰或代替不可数名词？little 有否定含义，a little含肯定含义，？
some和any表示“一些”，可用作代词和形容词？some用于肯定句，如例31；any 用于否定句？疑问句和条件句中，some也可用于疑问句，如例32和例33；any也可用于肯定陈述句中，表示“任何一个”，
考点五、考查something，somebody，someone，anything，anybody，anyone，nothing，nobody，everything，everybody的用法及它们与else的搭配
［考点解读］
由some和any构成的不定代词的用法和some和any的用法基本一致？
nothing和nobody/no one表示全部否定？
无论在肯定句？否定句还是疑问句中，everything和everyone （everybody）都表示“全部，所有”？
不定代词后跟else时，表示“另外的，其他的”；形容词修饰so
mething/anything/nothing时，应置于不定代词之后？以上不定代词连写时，不和of
连用，every one可和of连用？
「精选试题」名校模拟题及其答案
1. I agree with most of what you said，but I don…t agree with
______.
A. everything
B. anything
C. something
D. noth ing
2. “What do you think of them？” “I don…t know _____ is better，
so I?ve taken _____ of them.”
A. what，both
B. what，none
C. which，both
D. which，none
3. “Would you like a cup of coffee or a glass of beer？” “____ will do，but milk is _____ popular with me.”
A. Neither，not
B. Both，more
C. Either，the most
D. All，the most
4. I read about it in some book or other，does it matter _____ it was？
A. where
B. what
C. how
D. which
5“Who told you？” “Oh，somebody or other，I…ve forgotten
_____.”
A. what
B. when
C. which
D. who
6.Some of the students were late for the meeting，but I can…t remember _____.
A. what
B. when
C. which
D. whom
7. These trousers are dirty and wet —I…ll change into my _____.
A. another
B. trousers
C. others
D. other
8. Her lecture was hard to follow because she kept jumping from one subject to _____.
A. other
B. the other
C. the others
D. another
9. There are four bedrooms，______ with its own bathroom.
A. all
B. each
C. every
D. either
10. “ It…s said that he is a wise leader.” “Oh，no，he is _____ but
a wise leader.”
A. anything
B. anyone
C. anybody
D. anywhere
11.I didn…t make clear when and where the sports meet would be held.
A.this B that C it D one
12 To tell you the truth.。really don…t like when people talk with you with their eyes stating into the sky.
A.which B that C it D.what
13.一Which one can I take？
一You can take of them；I…ll keep none.
A.both
B.any
C.either
D.all
14.一Which coat would you prefer.sir？
一I…ll take ，to have n change sometimes.
A.allthem
B.them dl
C.both them D them b0Ih
15.The movie is boring；it is，in fact，rather exeiting and interesting
A anything but
B nothing but
C no more
D all but
16 Alan sold most of his belongings.He has hardly left in the house
A.everything
B.anything
C.nothing D something
17.I have been lived in Shanghai for two years.butI haven…t covered of the city
A.anything
B.much C many D plenty
18.She kept looking behind to see if she was being followed
A her B.herself C.her own D.she
19.All of us want very much to see these recommended movies，especially you referred to jusl now.
A as
B which
C the one
D that
20.If a studem can make what has been learned whether in class of from social practice ，he will make steady progress.
A he
B him
C himself
D his
21.一Do you want tea or coffee？
一really don…t mind
A.None B Neither C Either D All
22.The manager believes prices will not rise by more than four percent.
A.any other B the other C another D other
23.The manager was very angry，for he had sent his business partner two thousand machines yesterdy，half of unqualified.
A.whom B what C them D.which
24一Did you visit many places while you were in Canada？
一Yes，
A.afew quite B only few C .only afew D quite few
25 In somecountries，is callede quality does not really mean equal rights for all people
A that
B what
C which
D how
26一May I have a glass of beer.please？
一Beer？Sorry，there is left，but would you mind having，some
juice instead？
A none B.no one C nothing D few
27.一When can we goto visit you？
一Anytime you feel like
A.one B it C so D thal
28 We need a more capable leader，with strong will as well as good humour.
A who B.that C.one D.which
29.The number 2008 is a special number，I think，that will be remembered hy the Chinese forever.
A.which B wha t C one D.it
30.一How do you like his wife？
一She is like a good housekeeper，for the children…s room is always in a terrible mess.
A Somebody
B nobody
C something
D .nothing
——答案与解析——
1「解析」此题应选A，注意前文的I agree with most of what you said（我同意你说的大部分内容），其后的not 与everything 构成部分否定，意为“不是所有的都同意”，前后两部分用转折连词but 连接，语气通顺、连贯。
2「解析」最佳答案为C.做好此题的关键是要注意句中的better 一词，由于better 用的是比较级，说明比较的对象应是两者，由此可推知第二空应填both；另一方面，由于所谈论的是两者，说明选择范围比较窄、比较明确，所以第一空应填which.
3「解析」做对此题的关键是要注意到下文提到的milk既不是coffee 也不是beer，而是除这两者外的第三者，故第二空应填the most，即此题最佳答案为C.
4「解析」此题答案选D，主要与上文的some book or other （某一本书）这一语境有关，全句句意为：“我在某一本书上读到过它，是哪一本书这很重要吗？”
5「解析」此题最佳答案为D.句意为：“谁告诉你的？”“噢，有个人，我忘记是哪一个了。”
6「解析」此题最佳答案为C.句意为“有些学生开会迟到了，但我不记得是哪些学生了”。
7「解析」最佳答案为C.是从语法上看，another 后通常接单数名词，而不接trousers 这样的复数名词（若用another pair 则可以）；也不能选trousers 是因为填它句子意思不通。最佳答案应选C，others 相当于other trousers，其中的other 与前面的these 相对照。8「解析」最佳答案为D.使用one … the other … 时，我们通常是针对两者而言的，即指“两者中的一个……，另一个……”；如果所谈论的情况不是针对两者而言的，而
是针对多者而言的，那么我们就不宜在one 后使用the other，而考虑用another.
9「解析」此题容易误选A，认为既然前面出现了four bedrooms，故填all 与之对应。其实，此题的最佳答案应为B，原因是空格后的隐藏信息its，它表示空格处应填一个单数代词，但是不能选C，因为every 不能这样单独使用。
10「解析」正确答案应选A.因为anything but 是习语，意为“根本不是”或“一点也不”，不仅可用于事物，也可用于人。如：
I…ll do anything but that. 我绝不会干那种事。
The party was anything but a success. 晚会根本不成功。
Her fathe r was anything but a poet. 她父亲根本不是诗人。
Such a man was anything but a hero. 那样的人绝不算英雄。
11 C.「解析」it代替后面的when and where引导的从句。其他选项均无此用法。
12 C.「解析」考查代词。1t指代空格后面的内容。
13 D.「解析」考查不定代词的用法。句中的none说明所拿走的东西至少有三个，而且后句表示可以全部拿走，所以答案选D.
14 D.「解析」句中的prefer说明是在两者之间进行选择，排除A、B.both修饰代词或名词应为botll of them或they both.所以答案应为D.
15 A.「解析」考查代词短语。anything but t表示根本不，决不；nothing but仅仅，只有，all but几乎，差不多。由下文实际上，这个电影相当令人兴奋和有趣可知，上句应为这个电影根本不乏味。故答案选A.
16 B.「解析」从题意可知。Alan把大部分财产都变卖了，房里几乎没有什幺东西了。用anything与否定词连用，hardly anything=nothing，故答案选B.
17 B.「解析」表示整体中的一部分，且这个整体是单数或不可数名词时，前面的代词用much.故答案选B.
18.B.「解析」此处表示往自己身后看。故用反身代词作宾语。
19 C.「解析」考查代词的用法。The one特指you referred to jusl now.。
20 D.「解析」句意为如果一个学生能将无论是通过课堂还是社会实践学到的东西变成自己的东西，他将会取得稳定的进步。此处是名词性物主代词，作宾语补足语。故答案选D.
2l C.「解析」考查代词none，neither，either，all的用法。根据上句可知，此处是在两者之间进行选择，而且从后一句的我真的不介意可知回答者的意思是两者中哪一个都可以，所以答案选C.
22 C.「解析」考查不定代词的用法。题干中的意思是价格不会再增长超过4％。any other任一其他的；the other（两者中）另外一个；another另外。又，放在数词前面；other表示另外，和more一样，要放在数字的后面。故答案选C.
23 C.「解析」考查人称代词作独立主格的逻辑主语。句意：经理非常生气，因为他已发给他商业伙伴两千台机器，其中一半有质量问题。half of unqualified.是独立主格结构，half of 是unqualified的逻辑主语，of是介词，所以此处要用宾格。
24 C.「解析」quite修饰名词时要放在冠词前，排除选项A，选项B、D都表示几乎设有的意思，只有选项c表示有几个。根据下句的肯定回答可知答案选c.
25 B.「解析」此处为what引导名词性从句，what在从句中作主语。
26 A，「解析」此处none指代none of the beer，其他选项均不符合句意。
27 B.「解析」lt用来指代上文所提到的内容。
28.C.「解析」考查代词辨析。此处应用one作a more capable leader的同位语。句意：我们需要一个更有能力的领导，一个意志坚定又富有幽默感的领导。
29 C.「解析」这里one指代前面的a special number，hat will be remembered hy the Chines e forever.是修饰one的定语从句，I think是插入语。
30 D.「解析」根据下文for the children…s room is always in a terrible mess.
可知，D为正确答案，考生应注意对She is nothing like a good housekeeper的正确理解，其意思是：她完全不像是一个好主妇。
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
1．关系副词也可以引导定语从句
关系副词在从句中分别表示时间．地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。
2. that可引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因
That有时可以代替关系副词 when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因，在 that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。
三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1．二者差异比较
限制定语从句紧跟先行词，引导词同先行词之间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词．关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。
2．关系代词和关系副词的选择依据
(1) 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语．宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。
3. 先行词与定语从句隔离
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：
This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about..
四、As在定语从句中的用法
1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
（１）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。
（２）as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。例如：
The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.
(３）the same… that与 the same …as在意思上是不同的。
2．As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置
as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面．中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：As is expected, the England team won the football match.
定语从句专练习题讲解
1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west. Those ________ run from north to south are called avenues.
A. running; that
B. run; who
C. running; who
D. run; that
2. This is the case ________ he’s had all his money stolen.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. on which
3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, ________ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008.
A. where
B. when
C. which
D. how
4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything ________ .
A. that the little girl asks him
B. the little girl asks him to
C. for the little girl to ask him
D. what the little girl asks him
5. —How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?
—Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone
number is provided.
A. which
B. in which
C. of which
D. whose
6. October 15 th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget.
A. when
B. that
C. what
D. which
7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely.
A. when
B. where
C. which
D. whose
8. There are several research centers in China ________ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.
A. which
B. where
C. when
D. what
9. I hope that the little ________ I have been able to do does good to them all.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. when
10. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread in China’s vast countryside.
A. as
B. when
C. until
D. before
11. ________ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it.
A. It
B. As
C. Which
D. What
12. I shall never forget the day ________ Shen Zhou V was launched, ________ has a great effect on my life.
A. when, which
B. that, which
C. which, that
D. when, that
13. The bread my wife makes is much better than ________ you can buy at
a store.
A. that which
B. one that
C. that of which
D. this of which
14. There is no such place ________ you dream of in all this world.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. as
15. The people, ________ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.
A. all whose homes
B. all of whose homes
C. all their homes
D. all of their homes
16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, ________ of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.
A. who
B. when
C. on which
D. which
17. Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last year?
A. where
B. that
C. the one that
D. the one where
18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old ________ they swam in it.
A. when
B. that
C. who
D. where
19. The man showed us so heavy a stone ________ no man can lift.
A. that
B. as
C. which
D. and
20. He stayed there for quite a long time, during ________ time he learned much spoken English.
A. that
B. this
C. which
D. same
答案与解析：
1. A. 主语与run(延伸)是主动关系，所以用现在分词。Those指街道，所以不用who而用that来引导定语从句。
2. B. 因为在此题中where引导定语从句，表示“在这种种况下”，与in which 相当。
3. A. 因为先行词是Beijing而不是this autumn所以用where引导定语从句。
4. B. 答案B是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，另外，to后还省略了动词原形paint。
5. C. 因为of which引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语。of which the telephone number = whose telephone number。
6. D. 因为这是个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面一句话的内容。
7. B. 因为表示“阶段、程度、地步”的the point在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导定语从句。
8. B. 因为先行词是research centers并在定语从句中作状语，所以用where。
9. C. 因为当先行词是表示事物的all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing等时，多用that引导定语从句。
10. 因为先行词是the time，且在定语从句中作状语，所以用when引导。此题的先行词与定语从句被主句谓语分开了，要善于辨别。
11. B. 先行词是Taiwan is a part of China整个主句，一般由as或which
引导定语从句，但which引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后，另外，as有“正如”之意，而which没有，所以用as。顺便说说，原句改为：It is known to everybody that Taiwan is…= What is known to everybody is that Taiwan is…
12. A. 两空都是考查定语从句，先行词分别是the day和Shen Zhou V was launched, the day在定语从句中作状语，用when引导；后句是非限制性定语从句，不能用that，要用which。
13. A. 因为替代不可数名词 (the bread) 只能用that，排除B和D；又因为先行词that (the bread) 在定语从句中作buy的宾语，用which，所以选A。14. D. 当定语从句的先行词前有such, so, as等词语时，由as引导，并且as 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，as在此题中作dream of的宾语。注意：在表示“如此…以致…”的such /so…that…结构中，that不作任何句子成份。
15. B. 考查非限制性定语从句，all of whose homes = all of their homes 他们所有的房子。
16. D. 因为先行词是前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语，所以用which。of course是插入语。
17. D. 将疑问句改为陈述句：this research center is…显然缺少先行词，必须加上代词the one来作先行词，又因定语从句不缺主语或宾语，所以用关系副词where。假若在this后加the，就选where，请想想这是为什么。
18. A. 因为先行词是the days，并在定语从句中作状语(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/937750987.html,)。
19. B. 当先行词前有so时，用as引导定语从句，as在从句中作主语或宾语。假若在lift后加上it，答案就是that了，请想想这是为什么。
20. C. 因前后均的句子，必须要选连词，排除B和D；又因在介词后不能用that 来引导定语从句，所以选C。during which time在那段时间里。
五、英语定语从句专项练习
单项填空
1．I think you’re got to the point_______ a change is needed, otherwise you’ll fail. A. when B. that C. where D. which
2．The hours _______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.
A. when
B. that
C. in which
D. on which
3．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes________ people were eaten by the tiger.
A. that
B. by which
C. which
D. in which
4．There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. that
5．______ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.
A. Which
B. When
C. What
D. As
6．______ is reported in the newspaper,talks between the two countries are making progress.
A.It
B.As
C.That
D.What
7．There are many people_________ only on-line activity is sending and receiving
e-mails.
A.who
B.that
C.which
D.whose
8．EBay,Amazon and Wal Mart are popular websites_______people can sell goods to each other.
A.where
B.which
C.when
D.whose
9．On his 10th birthday.Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _____he believes that he can go to the wild.
A.which
B.from what
C.through
which D.that
10．I hope________the little _____I have been able to do has been of some use.
A.that;that
B./;by which
C.what;what
D./;with which
11．The farmers use wood to build a house______to store grains all the year around.
A.with which
B.to which
C.which
D.in which
12．This was a film_________ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys.
A.which
B.when
C.in which
D.there
13．The thought of going home to his family was allkept him happy while he was working abroad.
A.that
B.what
C.those
D.which
14．A container weighs more after air is put in_____proves that air has weight.
A.as
B.it
C.that
D.which
15．—Can you tell me where Peter lives?
—Over there.The two storey house, _____there is a garden.
A.near it
B.from which
C.in front of it
D.in front of which
16．Miss Green took up the story at the point______the thief had just made off with the jewels.
A.where
B.which
C.as
D.when
17．—Why does she always ask you for help?
—There is no one else_______ ,is there?
A.who to turn to
B.she can turn to
C.for whom to
turn D.for her to turn
18．The year before last,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,from
_____effects the people are still suffering.
A.that
B.whose
C.those
D.what
19．Nowadays teenagers like to go to fast food restaurants, ___ as the name suggests,eating doesn’t take much time.
A.who
B.where
C.which
D.what
20．Later I want to return home but couldn’t find a company ________I could
use_____I had learnt.
A.where;that
B.where;what
C.when;what
D.that;that
21．Government reports,legal papers and most business letters are the main situations ________ English is used.
A.when
B.that
C.how
D.where
22．We hope the measures to control house prices，__________ are taken by the government，will succeed.
A.as
B.when
C.since
D.after
23．The boy the teachers considered _______ failed in the final exam, surprised them very much.
A.to be the best；which
B.as the best student；that
C.to have been studying well；it
D.such as a good student；which
24．The president,together with his bodyguards, _______ to the nuclear station
_______ there was an accident 20 minutes ago.
A.have come；which
B.came；in which
C.has come；where
https://www.doczj.com/doc/937750987.html,e；in which
25．Is there a gas station around____________________ I can get some petrol?
A.which
B.what
C.where
D.that
26．There was_________ time________ I hated to go to school.
A.a；that
B.a；when
C.the；that
D.the；when
27．It was in the very house _______ was built with stones _______ he spent his childhood.
A.that；that
B.that；where
C.which；that
D.which；where
28．These wild flowers are so special I would do ______I_______ them.
A.what；can save
B.all what；can to save
C.what；can to save
D.everything；can save
29．I shall never forget those years _______I lived in the country with
farmers,________has a great effect on my life.
A.that；which
B.when；which
C.which；that
D.when；who
30.Just like a voyage at sea,our life journey, _______ days are limited,is full of difficulties.
A. that
B. which
C. it
D. whose
高中总复习英语定语从句专项练习卷参考答案
1．答案：C 解析：where在此处引导定语从句。
2．答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句。that引导的定语从句又在从句中作spend 的宾语。
3．答案：D 解析：由四个选项知该空格应填入定语从句的引导词，此句意义为：people were eaten by the tiger in the scene，所以先行词scene应该与介词in搭配。
4．答案：A 解析：关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰trousers，并在定语从句中作地点状语。全句意思为：在她擦手的裤子上留下了污迹。
5．答案：D
解析：从句意看，本题考查定语从句的用法，故首先排除C项。由于when在定语从句中只能作时间状语，而题干中的定语从句缺主语，因而排除B项；as与which引导非限制性定语从句时，which引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后，而as引导的定语从句可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，其中as表示“正如……那样”。as is often the case为固定词组，意为“这是常用的事；正如常见的情形”。全句意思为“正如平常一样，我们已经制订出了工作计划”。最佳答案D。
6．答案：B 解析：由题干的结构及内容看，逗号之前，应为非限制性定语从句，故选B项。全句意思为：“正如报纸上报道的那样，两国之间的谈判取得了进展。”若选A项，此句应为：It is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two...若选D项，此句应为：What is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two...
7．答案：D 解析：whose谁的，“有许多人，他们的上网活动只是发送和接收电子邮件。”
8．答案：A 解析：考查定语从句。where引导的定语从句，在从句中作状语。
9．答案：C 解析：考查定语从句。through为介词提前，构成go to the wild through...。
10．答案：A 解析：句子成分分析。第一个that引导宾语从句，第二个that 引导定语从句，修饰the little。
11．答案：D 解析：考查定语从句和省略。句中省略了they want;in which 引导定语从句在从句中作地点状语。
12．答案：C解析：“在这部电影中”斯皮尔伯格用了真实的演员而不是玩具，故用in which引导定语从句。
13．答案：A
解析：考查定语从句。all 为先行词，关系代词用that。
14．答案：D 解析：考查非限制性定语从句； which引导非限制性定语从句指代前面整句话的意义。
15．答案：D 解析：考查非限制性定语从句。in front of which“ 在…… 的前面”。
16．答案：A 解析：考查定语从句。where引导定语从句修饰先行词 at the point。
17．答案：B解析：考查定语从句及省略。完整形式为： There is no one else (that/who)she can turn to;turn to sb.求助于某人。
18．答案：B解析：题意是“前年，东南亚部分地区遭遇了洪水灾害，至今人们还在受此影响”。由题中的逗号可以判定出句子的后半部分是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是floods。从句子的结构可看出，定语从句中只缺少定语，也就是说，先行词在从句中充当定语，所以引导词要用whose。
19．答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句；where引导定语从句，又在从句中作地点状语。
20．答案：B解析： where引导定语从句,what引导宾语从句。“在公司里我可以用到我所学的知识”。
21．答案：D解析：where引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，相当于in which。
22．答案：A解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”，并在定语从句中作主语。
23．答案：A解析：后半句为非限制性定语从句，which指代前一分句的内容consider sb to be。
24．答案：C解析：含有 together with的介词短语只对主语起补充说明作用，对谓语动词不产生任何影响。where引导定语从句，where在从句中作状语。
25．答案：C解析：本题考查定语从句。关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语。本句中around作定语修饰a gas station。
26．答案：B 解析：本题考查冠词和定语从句的用法。time作“次数”解时，后接关系代词that引导的定语从句，即：This/It is the first/second...time that+从句；time作“一段时光（时期）”解时，其前用不定冠词，其后接关系副词when引导的定语从句，构成：There was/is a time when...。故选B。全句意思为：有这么一段时间，我不想去上学。
27．答案：A 解析：第二空是强调句型，强调的是状语in the very house。house 后是定语从句，从句缺少主语，用that或which引导；由于house前有the very 修饰，故只能用that引导。
28．答案：C 解析：在sb.do what one can to do结构中what one can是宾语从句，what后不可再使用关系代词；在sb.do everything/all(that)one can to do中，that one can是定语从句，该从句中只能使用关系代词that，everything/all that等于what；在以上结构中can后省略了动词do，动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。
29．答案：B 解析：第一个定语从句缺时间状语，因此第一空应该使用关系副词when；第二个定语从句缺主语，关系代词指代前面整句话，因此用which引导非限制性定语从句。
30．答案：D解析：考查定语从句。whose引导非限制性定语从句，whose指代our life journey，在从句中作定语修饰days。
1 （2010?湖南省长沙市一中二模）26. if a shop has chairs _____ women can park their men, they will spend more time in the shop. a. that b. which c. when d. where d 用where引导定语从句，相当于on which，
2 （2010?河北省唐山二模）11．some great people said it was their primary school teachers that they were fond of influenced their whole lives．a．what b．who c．as d．which 11．d
3．(2010?福建四地六校第三次联考)i don?t like the way________he often uses to speak to me. a．in which b．how c．which d．what 【解析】考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，而且which在从句中作uses的宾语。【答案】 c
4．(2009?南京检测)john，________money is no problem，still leads a simple life. a．for whose b．of whose c．of whom d．for whom 【解析】考查定语从句。可以把定语从句部分变化成“money is no problem for john”，这样便不难看出用介词for＋关系代词whom(指代john)来引导定语从句。【答案】 d
5．(2009?南京检测)nowadays，when people talk about magicians，the first one________comes into their mind is liu qian. a．whom b．which c．that d．what 【解析】考查定语从句。根据语境可知，空缺处应填一个关系代词且该关系代词在定语从句中充当主语且指人，先行词前有the first修饰，所以选that。【答案】 c
6．(2009?苏州模拟)he didn?t put the things________they belonged，for________he got his punishment. a．which；that b．what；this c．that；whose d．where；which 【解析】考查复合句。从句子结构看前半句中的从句是状语从句表示放东西的地方，因此使用where引导；后半句是非限制性定语从句，使用
各种关系代词的使用方法
a) 关系代词who的用法
i. who 的前行词必须是人，在从句中可以担任主语，往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾
语的whom,但是它前边不能有介词，如果带了介词就必须用宾格的whom:
（介词+whom）
This is the teacher who teaches us mathematics.
She is the girl who (whom) I met at the party. （可以替代）
She is the girl whom (who) I went there with. （可以替代）
She is the girl with whom I went there. （不可替代）
ii. who，that在很多情况下可以通用，但是有些情况只能用who:
1.先行词是one, ones, anyone的时候宜用who.
One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.
The ones who flatter me don’t please me.
Don’t tell anyone about the news who oughtn’t to know it.
Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized.
2. 先行词为those的时候，宜用who为关系代词
Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes
made of the magic cloth.
Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.
3. 当先行词有比较长的后置定语的时候
I met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could asked me questions in
Chinese.
4. 一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词为that,另一
个则用
who.
The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.
5. 在there be 开头的句子中
There is an old man who wants to see you.
There are many young men who are against him.
b)关系代词whose的用法
whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。当代物的时候，它相当于of which.
I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.
I’ll call a person whose father knows you.
Which is the car whose owner you know? (Which is the car the owner of which
牛津高中英语语法复习模块1定语从句苏教版 （一）定义 1)在复合句中（一个句子的某一成分由句子承当），修饰某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句或形容词从句；在句中起定语的作用. 2)被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词antecedent 1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.[ 先行词关系代词定语从句 2) You must do everything that I do. 先行词关系代词定语从句 (二)：关系代词的作用; 1.连接主句和从句。 2.代表被修饰的先行词。 3.在定语从句做一个句子成分。 eg. This is the room which I lived in last year. 先行词关系代词定语从句 (三)：定语从句中有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that, as. 关系副词when, where, why 等引导定语从句。 （四）：用关系代词还是用关系副词 关系代词起代词的作用，关系副词起副词的作用，因此同样的先行词，选用什么样的关系词，要由它在定语从句中担任的逻辑作用来决定。 关系代词词行先行词充当成分 who 人主、宾、表 Whom 人宾 That 人&物主、宾、表 Which 物主、宾、表 As 物主、宾 Whose=of whom\of which 人&物定语 关系副词When=at\in\on\during which 时间状 Where=at\in\to which 地点状 Why=for which 原因状 that 在口语中可以代替关系副词以上三者状 This is the place ?where we work.（vi.）(关系词所做的成分关键是有从句中的动词来决定的) This is the place which we visited. (vt. ) ........
高中英语语法定语从句总复习 郴州资兴三中李俊才 定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫 作定语从句。 一、关系带词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose (=of whom) Whose (=of which) that 例１：This is the detective who came from London. 例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. ２．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼泪。） (2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。 (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。 There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分 概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。
按：本套资料省去了名词、代词、形容词等部分，保留了最最核心的句型和动词。希望能有所帮助。 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 - b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 2. 用it作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that …; It is an honor that…; It is common knowledge that… (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that…It is strange that… . (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that…It happened that…It appears that… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that…It has been proved that…It is said that… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况： （1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 （2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. ( 错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. （3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. （4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. （5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： ； 正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening 错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
高中英语语法通霸1. 句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语定语
英语的句子成分主要有六种：即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。（可以熟记为：主谓宾，定状补）除了这六种主要成分之外，还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。但表语和系动词一起作谓语，因此划分成分时，划分在谓语上。同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语，属于主语或宾语的一部分。 考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号 英语中划分句子成分的符号 主语在下面画直线 谓语在下面画曲线 宾语在下面画双横线 定语在下面画虚线（一行点使我们想到一排钉子，“钉”谐音为“定语”的“定”） 状语下面为短横线（短横线使我们想到短木桩，木桩撞（状）钟） 补语上一短横，下一短横（下一短横好像是为了弥补上面短横间的空隙） 同位语上下双曲线（都有曲折，上下位置基本相同） 考点1.主语 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，通常由名词性的词来充当。 可以作主语的词性或语法结构： 1. 名词 2. 代词 3. 数词 4. 不定式 5. 动名词 6. 主语从句等表示。 7. 名词化的形容词（如the rich） 在英语中，形容词、副词和介词短语是不能作主语的。如果它们在句首时，句子可能是倒装句，真正的主语在后面。 On the desk are some books. (主语是books，所以用are) Down jumps the boy. (主语是the boy，所以用jumps ) Gone are the days. (主语是the days，所以用are) 练习1.在下面句子的主语下面画横线，并说出由什么充当。 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health.
什么是语法？ +表语 +宾语 +间接宾语+直接宾语 +宾语+宾语补足语 to/-ing s not
一般现在时vs.一般过去时
一般将来时 将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的 动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经 常或者重复发生的动作，常与表示 将来的时间副词连用，例如：soon, next week, this afternoon, tomorrow We will graduate next year. 我们明年毕业。
进行时(1) (V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing)?
进行时(2)
完成时(1) Part1 完成时的句型构成 1-1 陈述句型：S+has/have+过去分词(p.p.) I have already finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的作业) 1-2 否定句型：S+has/have+not+过去分词(p.p.) Sandy has been a nurse in this hospital for 15 years.(珊蒂已经在这家医院担任护士长达15年了。) 1-3 疑问句型：Has/Have+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Have you ever seen Peter in past 3 months?(过去3个月内，你看见过彼吗？) 2-1 陈述句型：S+had+过去分词(p.p.) This proposal had been deliverde by Eva before Aaron finished it. (这个计划在艾伦完成以前，伊娃就已经提交出去了) 2-2 否定句型：S+had+not+过去分词(p.p.) I had not finished my work when he visited me last week.(上周他来拜访我以前，我还没有完成工作。) 2-3 疑问句型：Had+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Had you ever been to a blind date before you married?(你结婚以前曾经参加相亲吗？) 3-1 陈述句型：S+shall/will+have+过去分词(p.p.) They wll have finished the meeting by now. (他们现在应该已经开完会了) 3-2 否定句型：S+shall/will+have+not+过去分词(p.p.) We will have not made 10 apple pies by the end of today.(我们在今天结束之前不能做完10个苹果派。) 3-3 疑问句型： Shall/Will+ s+have+过去分词(p.p.)? Will they have already left by the time we get there?(我们到的时候，他们会不会已经离开了？ )
牛津高中英语语法复习（模块1-模块4） 语法复习一：定语从句 （一）定义 1)在复合句中（一个句子的某一成分由句子承当），修饰某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句或形容词从句；在句中起定语的作用. 2)被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词antecedent 1) The manwho lives next to us is a policeman. 先行词关系代词定语从句 2) You must do everything that I do. 先行词关系代词定语从句 (二)：关系代词的作用; 1.连接主句和从句。 2.代表被修饰的先行词。 3.在定语从句做一个句子成分。 eg. This is the roomwhich I lived in last year. 先行词关系代词定语从句 (三) ：定语从句中有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that, as. 关系副词when, where, why 等引导定语从句。 关系代词起代词的作用，关系副词起副词的作用，因此同样的先行词，选用什么样的关系词，要由它在定语从 This is the place wherewe work.（vi.） (关系词所做的成分关键是有从句中的动词来决定的) This is the place which we visited. (vt. )
注：先行词是time, minute, moment, next time很少用关系副词when,可用that 但通常省去。 This is the place where work.（vi.）(关系词所做的成分关键是有从句中的动词来决定的) This is the place which we visited. (vt. ) （五）：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
高中定语从句总复习教 案 集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]
高中定语从句总复习教案
教学过程 一、复习预习 1、对上节课课后作业中的问题进行查漏补缺； 2、导入： e.g. She is a beautiful girl. She is a beautiful girl who drives me crazy. 二、知识讲解 （一）定语从句定义 1、定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面。 2、先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词。 3、关系词：用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 关系代词的种类：
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词：when, where, why 4、定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 a、There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her. b、 In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. c、Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie. d、Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story. （二）定语从句分类 限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，对先行词起修饰限定作用，从句与先行词紧密相连，缺少它则句义显得不完整，一般不用逗号隔开。 非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词关系松散，用逗号隔开。 1、The man who gave me this book is Tom .(限定性) 2、Tom,who is reading a book ,is my classmate (非限定性) （三）关系代词 1、who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
背诵这些句子，英语语法再也不用愁了！ It句型 1. It is/has been 3 years since he got married. 他结婚3年了。 2. It will be 3 years /a long time before everything returns to normal. （将）要3年/很长时间一 切才恢复原状。 3. It was 3 hours before the fire was put out. 过了三个小时大火才被扑灭。 4. It won’t be long before he comes back. 不会要很久他就会回来的。 5. It/This is/was the first(second) time (that) I have been/had been here. 这是我第一（二）次我 来 6. It makes no difference to me when the sports meeting will be held. 运动会什么时候举行对我说无关紧要。 7. Two many students find it difficult to get into the classroom on time in the morning. 太多学生觉得早上按时到校很难。 9. It was Oct 1st, 1949 when PRC was founded. 中华人民共和国成立的时间是 10. It was on Oct 1st, 1949 that China was founded. 中华人民共和国就是在1949年10月1日 成立的。 虚拟语气 11. If I were you, I wouldn’t help him. 如果我是你，我就不会帮他。（与现在） 12. If it were to rain tomorrow, I wouldn’t go for the picnic. If it should rain… If it rained …如果明天下雨，我就不去野餐。（与将来） 13. If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 如果你早一点来你就会遇上他了。（与过 去） 14. (How)I wish I knew the answer now, but I don’t know. 我希望我现在知道答案。（wish） 15. (How)I wish I had known the answer, but I didn’t know. 我希望我当时知道答案，但我不知道。 （wish） 16. I would rather you had finished your homework. 我宁愿你已经完成了作业。（would rather） I would rather (that) you came to see me tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来看我。 I would rather (that) you left now. 我宁愿你现在就离开。 17. If only I had been to Beijing. 要是我去过北京就好了。（if only） 18. If you had taken/followed the doctor’s advice, you would recover now. 如果你听了医生的劝告，你现在就康复了。（混用） 19. He suggested that we (should) put the meeting forward. His accent suggested that he came fro m Hubei. 他建议我们提前开会，他的口音暗示他来自湖北。（宾从中虚拟与陈述） 20. What is required at the meeting is that the night school (should)be set up by October 1. 会议上提出的要求是夜校要在10月1号前建立。 21. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he would have scored a goal. 他在进球之前犹豫了一下，要不然，球就进了。 情态动词
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：
高一英语定语从句复习语法归纳及练习 一、基本概念 1. 定语从句 在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 2. 先行词 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。 3.关系代词和关系副词 定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系 代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有：when, where和why。在定语从句中充当状语。二、关系代词的用法 （一）基本用法 根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。 如下表： 关系词先行词从句成分例句备注 关系代词who 人主语，宾语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和 that在从句中做宾 语时，常可以省 略，但介词提前时 后面关系代词不 能省略，也不可以 用that whom 人宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war. whose 人，物定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate. that 人，物主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. which 物主语，宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. as 人，物主语，宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不 省略 （二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况 which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。但在有些情况下，只用that。 ⑴先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。 例如：①This is the best that has been used against pollution. ② English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years. ⑵先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。
高中英语语法 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语 .宾语 .表语 .同位语 .介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句 .宾语从句 .表语从句和同位语从句。一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place. 谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） d) It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that …事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that…很自然… It is strange that…奇怪的是… (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that…似乎… It happened that…碰巧… It appears that…似乎… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that…据报道… It has been proved that…已证实… It is said that…据说… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 （1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 （2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. 错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. （3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. （4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
高中英语语法知识点总结 一、定语从句与强调句陷阱题详解 1、The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains、 A、 which was B、 it was C、 which were D、 them were 【陷阱】 容易误选A或B，将 A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。 【分析】 最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops、 A、 which is B、 it is
C、 which are D、 them are(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station、 A、 which are B、 it is C、 which is D、 them are(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food、 A、 which are B、 it is C、 which is D、 them are 2、 A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A、 that B、 which C、 where D、 what
高中英语复习专题：定语从句 一．概述 She is the girl who likes singing . 她是个喜欢唱歌的女孩。 ↓ ↓ ↘ 先行词 引导词 定语从句 定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰主句中的一个名词或代词，通常出现在先行词之后，由引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。只作整个句子的一个成份，起修饰和说明的作用。 关系代词：在从句中可作主语、宾语或定语 关系副词：在从句中作地点、时间或原因状语 结构： 主句的先行词 + 引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引导的定语从句 ↓ ↓ 二. 关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as 的基本用法 1. who ：在从句中作主语，只可指人 ①The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语） ②Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.任何犯法的人都应受到惩罚。（作主语） 2. whom：who的宾格，在从句中作宾语，只可指人 ①Who is the teacher whom Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？ ②The professor whom you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 3. whose：属格，在从句中作定语，可指人或物。 ①Who is the girl whose father is a doctor? 父亲是医生的那个女孩是谁？ ②I want the book whose cover is red. 我要封面是红色的那本书。 ③I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 【★】指人/物时，常用下列结构来代替whose+n.= the+n.+of which/ the+n.+of whom 或of which+the+n./ of whom+the+n. ①她就是我们班上发音最好的学生。 She is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class. the pronunciation of whom is the best in our class. of whom the pronunciation is the best in our class. ②你看到窗户破了的房子吗？ Do you notice the house whose window is broken? the window of which is broken? of which the window is broken? 4. that：作主语、★宾语（可省略），可指人或物 ①Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语） ②China is not the country that she used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了。(that作主语) ③The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语可省略） 5. which：作主语、★宾语（可省略），指物 ①Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。（作主语） ②The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语） ③This is the pen (which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。（作宾语）
《高中英语语法大全》 本文件内容丰富，讲解详细，层次分明，重点突出，包括高中英语中非常详尽的知识点、易错点、易混点、常考点等，是高中学生和老师非常实用而而且管用语法大全。适合不同层次的高中学生使用。 《高中英语语法大全》第01章名词 一、概说 名词是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词，如boy 男孩，mother 母亲，news 消息，progress 进步，computer 计算机，Tom 汤姆，Paris 巴黎，Japan 日本，furniture 家具，等。 名词根据其词汇意义，通常分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词主要指人、地方、组织、机构等的专有的名称，专有名词的第一个字母通常大写，如Mary 玛丽，Mr Green 格林先生，Beijing 北京，等；普通名词通常指人、物、概念等的一般名称。根据普通名词的语法性质，它又可以细为个体名词、物质名词、集合名词和抽象名词四类：个体名词表示人或物的个体，如girl 女孩，pen 钢笔，等；物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物，如wood 木头，meat 肉，等；集合名词表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：family 家庭，crowd 人群，等；抽象名词表示性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念，如work 工作，happiness 幸福，等。 二、名词的数 1.名词复数的构成方法 (1)在一般情况下，加词尾 -s： book / books 书 pen / pens 钢笔 face / faces 脸 (2)以 s, x, z, sh, ch 等结尾的名词，通常加词尾 -es： bus / buses 公共汽车 box / boxes 盒子 dish / dishes 盘子 注：有些以 ch 结尾的名词，由于其发音不是 [k] 而是 [tf]，那么其复数形式应加词尾–s，如stomach / stomachs 胃。 (3)以y 结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将 y 改为 ies；以“元音字母＋y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾s： city / cities 城市 boy / boys 男孩 key / keys 钥匙
高中英语语法知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受 get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4 on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上 9. join in 参加（某个活动）； take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受 12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心 14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是… 17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…
18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.） much too 太…(后接adj.) 19. not…until 直到…才 20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。 例： Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy. 变化规则 （一）陈述句的变化规则 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。 人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思 例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.”→ He said that he liked it very much. 2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.” → He told me that he had left his book in my room. 时态的变化
高中英语语法总结大全之句子的种类 句子的种类 （一）按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1）陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。 Light travels faster than sound.光比声速度快。（说明事实） The film is rather boring.这部电影很乏味。 （说明看法） 2）疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出问题。有以下四种： a.一般疑问句（General Questions）： Can you finish the work in time? 你能按时完成工作吗？ b.特殊疑问句（W Questions; H Questions）： Where do you live?你住那儿？ How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事？ c.选择疑问句（Alternative Questions）： Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶还是要咖啡？ d.反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）： He doesn't know her, does he? 他不认识她，对不对？ 3）祈使句（Imperative Sentences）：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如： Sit down, please.请坐。 Don't be nervous!别紧张！ 4）感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如： What good news it is!多好的消息啊！ （二）句子按其结构可以分为以下三类： 1）简单句（Simple Sentences）：只包含一个主谓结