7、需求模块一览（The Requirements Module at a Glance）
本章将结束TestDirector需求模块的核心元素。包括如下内容：
●需求模块（The Requirements Module）
●需求菜单栏（The Requirements Menu Bar）
●需求工具条（The Requirements Toolbar）
●需求树（The Requirements Tree）
7.1需求模块（The Requirements Module）
你可以在TestDirector中点击Requirements标签页来定义你的需求。你可以用Document View或Coverage View两种方式来显示需求树。
注意：你可以从Microsoft Word、Excel或第三方的需求管理工具中导入需求到你的TestDirector工程。对于导入需求，你必须首先安装相应的TestDirector插件。对于更详细信息请查看《TestDirector安装手册》（TestDirector Installation Guide）。
默认情况下，需求模块是以文档视图方式显示需求树。
你也可以以覆盖视图方式显示需求树。这种方式能够让你更容易地为需求增加或修改测试覆盖。对于测试覆盖的更多信息，请看第12章“连接测试到需求”（Linking Test to Requirements）。
需求模块包括如下的核心元素：
●Requirements Menu Bar，需求菜单栏，具有需求模块命令的下拉菜单。
●Requirements Toolbar，需求工具栏，具有创建或修改需求树的常用命令按钮。
●View Box，视图选择框，能够让你去选择需求树的显示方式：文档视图或覆盖
视图。
●Requirements Tree，需求树，你的测试需求的一种图形表达。更详细信息请看
60页的需求树（The Requirements Tree）。
●Description Tab，描述标签页，显示当前所选择需求的注释，仅在文档视图中
有效。点击Show箭头去显示描述面板。
●History Tab，历史标签页，显示当前所选择需求的历史操作列表。
●Tests Coverage Tab，测试覆盖标签页，显示了在需求树上，当前所选择的需
求的测试列表。仅适用于覆盖视图。
●Details Tab，细节标签页，显示了在需求树上当前树选择需求的详细描述。仅
适用于覆盖视图。
7.2 需求菜单栏（The Requirements Menu Bar）
需求菜单栏包括如下的菜单：
●Requirements菜单，包括命令：在需求树上修改需求、从一个需求产生一个测
试、Mail一个需求。
●View菜单，包括命令：设置需求树的显示、查找一个需求、浏览测试覆盖、关
联缺陷、附件。
●Tools菜单，包括命令：转换需求到测试。
●Analysis菜单，包括命令：产生需求报告和图表。关于需求报告的更详细信息，
请看第26章，“产生报告”（Generating Reports）。关于需求图表的更详细信息，请看第27章，“产生图表”（Generating Graphs）。
7.3 需求工具栏（The Requirements Toolbar）
需求工具栏包括如下的按钮：
●New Requirements：新建需求，增加一个新的需求到需求树。TestDirector
将增加此需求到当前所选择的需求下面，并处于相同等级。
●New Child Requirements：新建子需求，增加一个新的需求到需求树。
TestDirector将增加此子需求到当前所选择的需求下面，并处于低一级的级别。
●Cut：剪切，移动所选择的需求到需求树的新位置。要与Paste按钮联合使
用。
●Copy：拷贝，拷贝所选择的需求到需求树的另外位置或另外的TestDirector
工程。需要与Paste按钮联合使用。
●Paste：粘贴，粘贴一个剪切或拷贝的需求到需求树的另外位置。
点击Paste箭头并选择Paste，去粘贴需要到当前所选择的需求下面，以相同的级别。
点击Paste箭头并选择Paste as Child，去粘贴需要到当前所选择的需求下面，以低一级的级别。
●Delete：删除，从需求树中删除所选择的需求。
●Refresh Selected：刷新，刷新在需求模块中的数据。
点击Refresh Selected按钮，去刷新当前所选择的需求。所有子需求也会被同时刷新。
点击Refresh Selected箭头并选择Refresh All去刷新所有的需求。
●Select Columns：选择列，打开选择列对话框，你可以决定哪些字段显示在
需求树中，并决定它们的显示顺序。
●Zoom in：展开，改变需求树的细节等级。
点击Zoom In按钮去展开需求树的指定分支。
点击Zoom In箭头并选择Zoom Out One Level去取消预先展开的命令。
点击Zoom In箭头并选择Zoom Out To Root去收缩，并显示整个需求树的根结点。
●Find：查找，打开查找需求对话框，能够让你在需求树中查找你想要的需求。
●Mail Requirement：Mail需求，打开发送邮件对话框，你可以从邮件列表中
选择收件人，或输入其它的邮件地址，发送需求邮件。
●Attachments：附件，打开附件对话框，能够让你为所选择的需求添加附件。
对于更多信息，请看第4章“增加附件”（Adding Attachments）。
Test Coverage：测试覆盖，打开测试覆盖对话框，能够让你为选定的测试需求增加测试覆盖。注意：你也能够右键点击一个需求，并选择Associated Defects 去浏览有测试覆盖需求的所有缺陷关联。
7.4需求树（Requirements Tree）
TestDirector在需求树中有机的组织并显示数据。需求树中每一行都显示了一条独立的需求。需求树中可以显示如下细节信息。
注意：你可以改变需求树中任何字段的标签，也可以增加最多24个用户自定义的域到需求树中。更进一步信息，请看《TestDirector管理员手册》（TestDirector Administrator’s Guide）。
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A.1:Another Busy Day Amy: Why don't you take a break tonight? Yeah, why not come with me to a party? Talia: No thanks. Maybe some other time. Amy: Come on! Josh Taylor is having a party. A lot of available guys will be there . . . . You might meet someone. Talia: No, listen! I'm too busy to go. Go without me . . . Tony: Good, you're here. I have something important to talk to you about. What are you working on? Talia: I'm researching the background information for that transportation story. Amy: She's always working. She told me to tell you that. Tony: I have a big project for you to work on. I know you've been hoping for a break. This may be it. Talia: Really? That's great! Tony: Come to my office in about 10 minutes. By the way, you look different. Have you done something with your hair? Tony: Why don't we get together for lunch tomorrow? Terry: Oh, I'm sorry, but I'm busy all week. Tony: Too bad. Well, then, how about having lunch with me next week? Any day but Wednesday is good for me. Terry: How about Tuesday? Tony: Sure. Next Tuesday is fine. Let's say 12:30. OK? Terry: Great. Tuesday at 12:30 is fine. Amy: How about going to the movies Thursday night? Lynn: Sorry. I can't. I take a writing class on Thursday night. Amy: Oh, I forgot about that. Lynn: Why don't we go on Friday? Amy: Friday is fine. I'll call you on Thursday, OK? Lynn: OK. That sounds great. Good evening, everybody. Is everyone here? OK. Good. Now, tonight, we're going to talk about the one thing you need to create the best news stories. Do you know what that is? No, I'm not talking about luck! The thing that creates good news stories is curiosity --your own curiosity. Curiosity is the engine, the power for the story. Curiosity will help you come up with good questions. Now, remember, first you have to start with the five classic journalistic questions--you know, who, what, when, where, and why. Right? We've talked about these a lot. But these questions are just for starters. They're useful questions, but they're not sufficient by themselves. You have to expand on them. You have to get into probing questions. For example, Who else knows that? What do you think about this? When did you first find out about this? Where did you get your information? Why do you care about this? These are the kinds of questions that will shape your story. And you need to develop this kind of curiosity for every story you work on. restless adj. unable to keep still, especially because you are impatient, anxious, or bored The president's speech was so boring that the audience was getting restless. retire v. to stop working, usually because of old age In the U.S., most workers retire between the ages of 65 and 70. schedule n. a plan of what someone is going to do and when they are going to do it What's your schedule like next week? Do you have time to have lunch with me? sense of humor collocation the ability to understand or enjoy things that are funny, or to make people laugh Makiko has no sense of humor -- she never laughs at my jokes! workaholic n. INFORMAL someone who works much more than other people, and who does not have time to do anything else. You're such a workaholic! Instead of bringing work home from the office this weekend, can't we please go to a movie? balance n. a state in which different things have the right amount of importance or influence in relation to each other It's hard to find a balance between work and play when you want to advance in your career. flexible adj. a person, plan, etc., that can change or be changed easily to suit any new situation My work schedule is very flexible: I can start any time between 7:00 and 11:00, as long as I work 35 hours a week. irritable adj. easily annoyed or made angry Goodness, you're irritable this morning! Didn't you sleep well?