Passage 1
It is indeed my pleasure and privilege to have received your gracious invitation to visit your company and to tour around Shanghai and the whole country. // I had a dream that someday I would visit China and work in the beautiful city of Shanghai for a while, and I’m very grateful that you have made my dream come true. // I’m so happy to have the opportunity to work with a group of distinguished people in China’s computer software industry. // I’m looking forward, in the next few days, to meeting my Chinese colleagues and touring around your company properties.//
Passage 2
I have been thinking about something lately and I’d like to share with you my thoughts. // In the west, everybody is talking about going to the East and making an investment. // China’s rise as one of the strongest economic powers in the Asian-Pacific Region has attracted a growing number of business and financial giants in the world to invest in China. // Shanghai, as China’s biggest city and financial center, is among the best choices of their investment destinations.// Passage 3
罗伯茨先生，我谨代表公司全体同仁，并以我个人的名义欢迎您来沪工作并成为我们公司的一员。这是我们的荣幸和骄傲。// 听到您对此次来沪短期工作有如此高的寄托，我们深受感动。// 考虑到您工作、生活的方便与舒适，我们打算安排您居住在公司招待所下榻。// 我们将尽力使您在沪期间过得舒适、愉快、有价值、有意义。//
Passage 4
海外人士在上海及其周边地区的投资继续呈明显上升趋势。// 出现这一高涨不止的投资热有多种缘由。// 中国是世界上经济增长最快的国家之一；中国政府和地方政府高度重视对外全面开放，尽可能吸引外资。// 另外，许多海外团体与个人投资者认为在中国直接投资比同中国公司做生意更有利可图。因为外国直接在华投资可以在最大程度上发挥有关双方的优势。//
Passage 5
中国幅员辽阔，自然资源丰实，廉价劳动力充裕，税收低，消费者市场不断增长，基础设施不断改善。// 另外，中国还有稳定的社会政治环境以及诱人的投资政策。// 所有这一切对拥有充足奖金、先进技术和管理知识的外国投资者来说都极具吸引力。// 事实上，同与中国公司做生意相比，在华直接投资的经济回报率更高。//
Passage 6
浦东开放的十年中一直是外商投资的热点。// 来自发达国家的企业家以多种方式投资浦东：合资、独资、合作，获得了巨大成功。// 但也有许多在中国内地和其它沿海城市进行投资而获得成功的例子。// 在当今的中国，很难说哪一个地方为最佳，也许应该说在某一时期的某一地点投资会比较好。//
Passage 7
I would like to discuss with you the possibilities of establishing a joint venture with your company to manufacture cordless phones and mobile phones.// The whole idea of my investment proposal is the direct result of your wonderful lecture.// Your answers were direct and honest. And your explanations were sincere an d persuasive.// I really can’t wait to get on China’s economic express train and share your economic gains.//
Passage 8
I did a lot of research in the market of telecommunication equipment lately.// There’s a potential market for cordless and mobile phones in China and the world as a whole.// Initially, I
would like to embark on this joint venture business at a moderate rate and a safe scale.// My suggestion for the amount of total capital investment is in the vicinity of eight million US dollars, a lucky number in China.//
Passage 9
My contribution, I mean my share of investment in this joint venture is 50% of the total, including the cost of all the imported equipment.// I accept your proposal and we will be responsible for our international marketing of two-thirds of our manufactured goods.// As to the term of our partnership, I suggest that we start with a 15-year term and extend the contract later if both parties wish to continue the partnership.// May I also suggest that we set up a board of directors for the management of the company and share rights and obligations as equal partners?// Passage 10
我对你这个5：5对半开的合伙投资比例感到满意。这就是说，我们在经营管理和利润分配上也保持一种5：5对半开的权益关系。// 但就产品的营销而言，我们只能保证无绳电话50%的国内营销，这是因为无绳电话在中国有很大的需求量，移动电话则不断。// 鉴于此，我能否建议贵方负责向海外推销65%以上的移动电话？// 我想这样可以增加我们的外汇储备，满足贵方对外汇的需求。毕竟人民币目前还不能自由兑换。//
Passage 11
人们说：“美国是一个由汽车驱动的国家，美国人是一个生活在轮子上的民族”，这绝非（in no way）是一种夸张，它道出了美国人生活方式的某些方面。// 在美国，无论你在哪里，都会看到免下车银行、多下车饭店，甚至是免下车电影。// 这是为了迎合美国人喜欢不下车就能办事情的心态。// 美国公路网发达，人均车辆占有率居世界首位，出现这一现象实属必然。//
Passage 12
与中国的情况一样，在美国某些道路上开车，司机必须将自己的行车速度控制在标牌规定的限速内。// 在大多数州，高速公路上的限速是一小时55英里，折合88公里。// 在某些路段上，比如地方高速或州际高速，还规定最低时速40英里，约合65公里。// 因此，外州来的驾车者应特别注意了解当地的交通法规，这方面的信息可在跨越某州州界时该州所设的信息中心获得。//
Passage 13
The U.S. has the most developed car rental industry in the world.// The two largest American car rental companies, Hertz and Avis, have offices all over the U.S., with counters at most airports and in many international cities.// There are many other national car rental companies that you can find at airports, such as Thrifty, National, Badger or Dollar.// They have offices in other countries, too, so you may reserve a car through your travel agent in your own country.//
Passage 14
To rent a car in the U.S., one has to have a major credit card, such as Master Card, Visa, or American Express.// Without a credit card, he has to pay a high deposit on the car.// If he does not want to spend much money, he can rent a used car from a used car rental company, such as Rent-A-Junker and Ugly Duckling.// Their rates are often lower and they don’t always demand a credit car. Sometimes, with their special offers, as it were, the total cost of renting a car is even lower.//
Passage 15
在美国，若是没有轿车，那么去其它城市还有三种方式：// 你可以乘坐全国客运铁路系统Amtrak，或坐长途汽车，当然还可以乘飞机。// “灰狗”汽车公司是美国最大的长途
汽车公司，有月票出售。// 美国有数十家国内和国际航空公司。因全国无统一票价，因此航空公司往往提供打折优惠致使机票有时基于比火车票还便宜。//
Passage 16
It is true that getting around a city on public transportation is generally not as easy as it is in most other countries.// Only a few cities have subways, but most towns with a population of 50,000 or more have some kind of city bus service.// You will also find it difficult to stop a cab on American streets.// To travel by taxi, it’s advisabl e that you call a taxi company listed in the Yellow Pages of a telephone directory and ask them to send a cab to your door.// Passage 17
提到艾滋病传播程度的严重性，我们不妨就这样讲：这一疾病是人类在21世纪的头号大众健康之敌。// 在非洲，它还导致大量中年人口的死亡，而这部分人恰恰是社会劳动力的中坚。// 这一情况的进一步恶化必将严重威胁到这些国家的生计。// 因此，我们的首要任务便是通过广泛的教育运动去影响人们以求及时改变人们的基本行为进而阻止这一瘟疫的传播。//
Passage 18
对艾滋病人进行隔离和进行强制性化验是极不现实的、无益的，因为这样只能使艾滋病患者躲起来。// 目前我们能够想到的做法就是设法让人们真正认识到艾滋病传播的严重性，鼓励患者去进行自愿的并为他保密的化验。// 了解到自身的情况，患者至少可以处于较为有利的境地。一来他们可以采取措施保护自己的朋友和所爱的人，二来可以对症下药设法挽救自己。// 艾滋病虽然严重，但其显现是通过多种感染体现的，而某些感染是可以用适当的药物予以控制的。//
Passage 19
There are at least two differences in the way of business communication between Chinese and American businessmen.// First, Chinese businessmen tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirect manner, as opposed to the more direct manner of American businessmen. // Second, the decision-making process of Chinese companies is generally slow and time-consuming while American companies usually operate with quick decisions by the top management.// This is because most Chinese companies keep to the “bottom-up, then top-down and then bottom-up” decision making principle which involves many people at different levels.//
Passage 20
美国式的经营之道在中国人看来显得咄咄咄逼人，这主要是由于不同的文化传统所致。// 有时中国人回避直截了当地讲一个“No”字；有时说“Yes”不是表示赞同，而是表示他们在听着。// 只有承认这些文化差异，尊重这些差异才能避免发生误解，从而在美国和中国公司之间建立起稳固的商务关系。// 令人高兴的是（We are happy to see that）近年来中国式的经营之道的好处正在被越来越多的西方人士所认识。//
Passage 21
Most Chinese view work as essential for having membership in a community. // They believe that work allows them to have the sense of belonging in a community. In other words, work is necessary for them to gain social acceptance in the society. // That is why many Chinese managers and employees work so hard to maintain their positions in their companies. They have tried to find the meaning of life through their jobs.// While the Chinese work ethic is based on social pressure and community belonging, the American work ethic seems to be more individual oriented.// Passage 22
再回到我们一开始的话题，应该说美国式的管理模式（American-type management）注
重效率及与员工之间的竞争，而中国式的管理模式优先考虑的是细致（careful）规划。// 美国式常常使员工无所适从(frustrate)，而中国式则给工人带来一种参与的快乐（joy of participation），成功的满足，（satisfaction of success）和对工作的一种自豪感。(sense of pride in their work)。// 中国人工作在相当程度上是为了获取一种社会归属，得到社会的认可。// 而美国人工作是秉承了上帝的意志。他们常常是看重结果而非过程。//
Passage 23
Permit me first to thank you, our Chinese hosts, for your gracious hospitality and extraordinary arrangements.// I have a special regard and personal friendship for the Chinese people and Beijing is for me an old and nostalgic home.// Ten years ago, I spent a most memorable time with the people here-working, shopping, sightseeing and touring the city on our bicycles.// During that time we never experienced anything other than the utmost courtesy and genuine friendship of the Chinese people.//
Passage 24
During the past six days, we have acquired a keen sense of the diversity, dynamism, and progress of China.// Under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world, China has now become the fastest growing economy in the word.// We are happy that we are part of this dramatic process which has brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship.// Our friendly and cooperative ties have become extensive, affecting all aspects of our national life; commerce, culture, education and scientific exchange.// Passage 25
We should not deny the fact that problems remain in our economic, education, culture, and strategic relations.// We would never be as na?ve as to believe that there are no issues of difference between us.// But we should also believe that our differences will be greatly overshadowed by issues which bind us and strengthen our relationship.// There is no doubt our relations have reached a new stage. In this context, it is important for our two societies to search for areas of cooperation, which clearly add to our mutual benefit.//
Passage 26
Respected Your Excellency, I’ve come to China with the good fa ith of seeking to build up the strength of our friendship, our cultural and commercial ties and our important strategic relationship.// When we established our friendly and cooperative relations, we did so on the understanding that we would develop our friendship on the basis of mutual respect and equality and mutual benefit.// These are the principles on which we seek friendship with all peoples of the world.// It is absolutely vital that all nations, big or small, strong or weak, should conduct their relations with each other on these principles.//
Passage 27
To come to China, one of the earliest cradles of civilization, is, I suppose, the dream of many people the world over.// In accepting Your Excellency’s gracious invitation to visit this great country, I have had an excellent opportunity to renew old friendships and establish new contacts.// It is my sincere hope that we can develop further, on the basis of mutual respect and mutual benefit, the links and friendship that exist between our two countries.// I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your endeavors and experience in promoting economic and social development in the service of your people.//
Passage 28
We earnestly appreciate the interest and understanding that China has shown regarding the
problems of and positions taken by small and developing countries.// China’s support is a constant source of encouragement to us in the pursuit of the goals of developing and maintaining the independence of our country.// We are both developing countries, having a common aspiration in improving the standard of life of our peoples.// I’d like to take this opportunity to extend to Your Excellency an invitation to visit my country, so that we will have an opportunity to return the warm welcome and generous hospitality you extended to us.//
Passage 29
History has proved the necessity to expand cooperative relations between Asia and Europe, two major cradles of human civilization.// Since the 1980s, Asia, and East Asia particularly, has witnessed a rapid rise to prosperity.// As the world’s most robust economic region, East Asia has attracted worldwide attention over the past few decades with its remarkable achievement.// We urge our EU members to efficiently cooperate with Asian countries to establish a constrictive, stable and equal partnership between the two continents.//
Passage 30
Europe, North America and East Asia have emerged as the world’s three major economic centers.// Europe and North America have already established close ties thanks to our historical links.// East Asia and North America have also established contacts via the forum of the Asian-Pacific economic cooperation.// Comparatively speaking, ties between EU and East Asia remain relatively weak. And EU continues to lag behind the United States and Japan in terms of market share in East Asia.//
Passage 31
A 40-odd year alliance made the European Union the largest trade bloc in the world, with its GDP and foreign trade volume both surpassing those of the United Sates.// In addition, EU nations have unified tariffs and established common foreign trade , agricultural and fishery policies.// The EU will have initially established an economic and monetary union before long.// It has, in other words, become a region that enjoys the highest level of political and economic integration.// Passage 32
Mr. President. On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous through the world.// I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.// I wish to thank you Mr. President, for your very gracious and eloquent remarks.// These have been very pleasant days in China, and I’m happy that my visit should conclude in such a congenial atmosphere.//
Passage 33
We hold that each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.// We have a social and political system which differs in many respects from your own due to different experiences and a different tradition.// This system of ours does not always produce results of which we all approve, but it is a political system deeply rooted in the instincts of our people.// We do not aim to impose our own ideas on other people and we believe that people with different political and social systems should live side by side.//
Passage 34
We do not assess in identical fashion all aspects of today’s world.// Which our distinct histories, geographies and cultures, it is inconceivable that we could see eye to eye on all issues.//
but we do agree on the equally fundamental need for all countries to determine their own fate and design their own future.// In that spirit, I ask all of you present here to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peace for all peoples in the world.//
Passage 35
世界注视着我们，世界倾听着我们，世界等着看我们要做什么。// 我们应该给下代留下什么遗产呢？// 他们注定要因为困扰（plague）旧世界的仇恨而痛苦地死去呢还是因为我们有建设一个新世界的远见而注定要快乐地生活呢？// 现在便是决断的时刻。现在就是我们抛却(cast aside) 旧日的偏见和仇恨去营造一个更加美好的世界的时刻。
Passage 36
各位来宾：
非常感谢各位能在一年中最繁忙的季节，从百忙中拔冗光临我们的新春联欢晚会。// 特别有幸的是，今晚我们还请到了从加拿大远道而来的本森电子公司的朋友们。// 有如此杰出的贵宾与我们一起共同欢度春节，我们深感自豪与荣幸。// 我们将尽自己之所能使各位度过一个最轻松、最欢乐，最难忘的夜晚。//
Passage 37
平日工作中，我们中外员工几乎没有时间坐下来交谈。// 我希望这次晚会可以使我们有机会无所拘束地了解彼此，增进个人之间的友谊。// 希望各位来宾尽情品尝中国的传统佳肴与美酒，玩得尽兴尽致。// 最后，再次感谢各位嘉宾的光临。祝各位新年快乐，万事如意。//
Passage 38
我谨代表我们一行的全体成员，感谢董事长先生的盛情邀请，使我们来到装饰得如此华丽的大厅参加如此欢快的圣诞晚会。// 圣诞节是一个十分欢愉的节日，这的确是一年中的良辰佳时。// 圣诞节的精神体现在人间的温暖、爱恋、关怀、团聚、融洽和奉献。// 这也是这一节日的吸引人之处。//
Passage 39
我喜欢这里的一切；美酒佳肴、出色的演出、美妙的音乐。// 晚会组织得的确完美无缺，令人尽兴尽致。// 但我最喜欢的还是同你们聚会、同你们交谈，增进了解，共度难忘的时光。// 我为有幸参加这次精彩的聚会向主人表示衷心的感谢。我们所有的人都度过了一个难忘的夜晚。//
Passage 40
我宣布：“上海计算机软件开发国际研讨会”现在正式开幕。// 首先，请允许我代表上海市政府、上海市人民、并以我个人名议向参会代表表示热烈的欢迎。// 大会组委会为本次研讨会的顺利召开付出了辛勤的劳动，在此，我深表谢意。// 我预祝大会取得圆满成功！祝各位代表在上海生活愉快。//
Passage 41
建立和发展我国社会主义市场经济体制对社区服务提出了更高的要求。// 我们需要开阔视野，改革并完善我的社会福利保障体制。// 海外一些发达国家和地区在社区服务方面积累了丰实的经验，值得我们借鉴和研究。// 我深信这次研讨会对促进我国社区服务工作将产生积极的影响。//
Passage 42
我们要进一步转变政府职能，把社会服务工作逐步推向社会团体和民间组织。// 这样做，(By so doing) 政府的宏观管理责任将会更为重大。// 同时，社会团体和民间组织也将参与更多的社区服务工作。// 我相信，在诸位的努力下，我们的研讨会一定能够取得丰硕
的成果。//
Passage 43
回顾过去，展望未来，我认为一个新的亚欧伙伴关系必须建筑在相互尊重、平等互利的基础上。// 我们有必要就广泛领域里的合作交换我们的意见。// 我们应该求同存异，增进相互理解和信任。// 要做到这一切，亚洲和欧洲必须扩大和增加政治对话。// Passage 44
我们希望看到欧盟在一体化进程中前进。// 另一方面，我们希望欧洲理解亚洲国家促进经济发展、扩大区域合作的愿望。// 亚洲的发展和稳定必将欧洲国家的商业界带来可观的投资和贸易良机。// 亚欧之间的真诚合作将为两大洲乃至全世界的和平、稳定与繁荣做出积极贡献。//
Passage 45
今天，我们二十五人欧亚国家的领导人首次在此聚会。// 这是一次具有历史意义的开拓性会议。// 它反映了亚欧国家希望获得世界和平与发展的共同愿望。// 它显示了亚洲的成长，标志着多极化的发展趋势。//
Passage 46
In America dining places, people usually prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they don’t know.// This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large one is.// Lighting up a cigarette without first asking others if it will disturb them is thought to be impolite.// It is advisable that smokers should not choose to sit in a non-smoking section of a restaurant.//
Passage 47
At America restaurants, you are usually served tap water before you order.// You may find the bread and butter is free and if you order coffee, you get a free refill.// Hard drinks are served on the rocks or straight.// And servings in restaurants are often too large for many people.// Passage 48
In some states, you can buy liquor at a restaurant to take home.// Every state makes its own laws about the sale of alcohol.// Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing times for restaurants.// but they usually do make rules for bars.//
Passage 49
In America restaurants, tips are not usually added to the check or included in the price of the meal.// A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave.// You pay your check at the cash register on your way out.// In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there.//
Passage 50
Welcome to the official launch of Tulip Computers in Shanghai.// I regard it as a great honor that you show interest in our company today and be with us during this important day.// It is with pleasure that I want to inform you on Tulip’s strategy towards market and its objectives for the future.// We are looking forward to a long-term relationship with our clients and partners, which will help further strengthen our position in the world’s computer market.//
Passage 51
Tulip is the second oldest computer manufacturer in the world, only after the Apple Company.// The development and production of Tulip products take place in the Netherlands.// The sales and distribution activities are conducted through its won 18 subsidiaries in Europe and distributors throughout the rest of the world.// As a world leader in computer products, Tulip
would like to share with Chinese customers its success.//
Passage 52
Two years ago, Tulip opened its Asian branch with headquarters in Hong Kong.// It is where the assembly of Tulip computers takes place for the Asian marker.// Tulip expects to establish manufacturing facilities in China in the future.// The main reason for this plan is that Far East is expected to become the largest trade center of the world at the turn of the century.// Passage 53
IBM products are appreciated by customers because of their excellent price versus performance ratio and their high quality.// This excellent ration is considered to be one of the main features of IBM products.// It has also proven to become one of the success factors in the world market.// In the long run, IBM users are convinced that they will benefit from this high-quality level.//
Passage 54
Everyone visiting the United States wishes to have a good time touring the country and have a nice roof to shelter himself.// Well, if you arrive by air, you will see plenty of hotels advertised at airports.// If you arrive by train of car, probably the best thing to do is to look in the yellow pages under Hotel, Motel or lodging.// You can start by comparing the services offered in their ads and call to see if they have the kind of room you’re looking for.//
Passage 55
Not long ago, Americans had a pretty good idea of what family meant.// but today, with people living together in so many different combinations, “family” is much harder to define.// When it comes to family values, Americas seem to be saying one thing but dong another.// The real picture is that America family is suffering a crisis of collapsing.//
Passage 56
Many Americans claim that they place the highest value on family life.// If they really mean what they say, then families are doing fine.// In survey after survey, traditional relationships among parents, children, and siblings are identified as the most important aspect of life.// And families are seen as more important than work, recreation, friendship, or status.// Passage 57
Researches indicate that if current divorce rates continue, about two out of three marriages that begin this year will not survive as long as both spouses live.// The proportion of American adults who are married is decreasing. The share of out-of-wedlock births has soared.// Most children under age 18 will spend part of their childhood living with only one parent.// The negative influence of this phenomenon of children’s psychological well-being should never be ignored by any responsible society.//
Passage 58
Americans continue to say that they embrace traditional family values.// The truth is that many, if not most, Americans will sacrifice traditional family ties for activities which they claim to be less important.// It is common for Americans to let the pursuit of more individualistic goals interfere with their family life, even when doing so is clearly contrary to their best interests.// When personal and family goals conflict, many people who express strong support for family values do not live up to those values.//
Passage 59
Negative attitudes towards parenthood and marriage have increased.// When asked how
having children affects a person’s life, more people than before gave negative responses.// Previous generations saw marriage as an institution to be joined and supported.// but today, most people value marriage primarily for what they personally can gain from it.//
Passage 60
Nowadays, more and more Americans emphasize materialistic gain and individual achievement.// Unfortunately, they are far more materialistic and achievement-oriented than they are willing to admit.// This miserable picture of “The decline of the Americans family” is supported by years of research.// What I am saying is that my presentation is not meant to persuade but to inform.//
Passage 61
节日在中国是人们勤于烹调、饱享口福的时候。// 节庆膳食除了在数量和质量上与平日不同之外，还有许多节日特色食物。// 在如农历8月15日的中秋节，其特色食品是月饼。// 圆圆的月饼象征着圆满，进而象征着家庭团聚。//
Passage 62
农历8月5日的端午节是为了纪念中国古代诗人和忠臣屈原而确立的。// 最初，人们将粽子投入河中祭祀亡灵，如今人们那一天举行龙舟比赛。// 中国的春节接农历而定，通常出现在公历史2月前半期的某一天。// 年糕是春节的特色食品，因为“糕”与“高”谐音，寓意来年“节节高”。//
Passage 63
海华集团公司是一个跨地区、跨行业、跨所有制的大型企业。// 它拥有资产5亿元，员工6000多人，年销售额18亿元。// 它集科、工、贸、旅游、娱乐于一体。// 下属四十余家公司，经营范围从生产、贸易、旅游到票务服务。//
Passage 64
海华商旅是一家专业旅游公司。// 它拥有一支经国家认可的语种齐全的翻译导游队伍。// 它拥有自己的车队，并经营航空、铁路、轮船票务中心。// 其服务宗旨是为宾客提供便捷服务、以旅游促商务、为改善上海的投资环境提供全方位服务。//
Passage 65
中国国际出版集团是中国最大的外语出版、印刷和发行单位。// 其前身是与中华人民共和国同时诞生的中央人民政府新闻出版署国际新闻局。// 集团现有职工四千余名，拥有排版、印刷和发行的最新技术与设备。// 可以用五十种不同的语言进行印刷。其发行网络遍布182个国家和地区。//
Passage 66
为期两周的“丝绸之路游”将成为您一生中最难忘的经历之一。// 丝绸之路的历史可以追溯到公元前2世纪，当时，张骞便是沿此贸易通道出使西域各国。// 中国通过这条通道给西方送去了丝绸、造纸术和印刷术。// 佛教、玻璃、香水等也沿着这条通道进入中国。//
Passage 67
丝绸之路沿途的历史文的、自然风景以及地方文化使这一长途旅游充满情趣。// 丝绸之路沿线居住着许多少数民族，他们热情好客、彬彬彬有礼。// 这里的民间传说如同天方夜谭一般神奇，听来别有一番情趣。// 我们深信这次游览一定会给您留下可与家人和朋友共享的美好回忆。//
Passage 68
A caring and responsible society should do something important and meaningful to improve the lives of its children.// The most obvious way of doing this is to free childhood from the
unacceptable burden of examinations and selection created by our educational system.// At the tender age of 13 or14, children are selected and pushed into examination classes which will effectively decide their future.// Then, at the age when they are least receptive to learning, they are forced to sit exams where the penalties for failure are as final as death sentence.// Passage 69
If the pressures of selection at 16 were removed, secondary education could become a different process altogether.// And children under a less compulsory system would actually learn more and the be more cooperative with parents and school.// They would be happier and more creative, and therefore more useful to the society.// I’m sure you will agree with today’s motion that the system existing today is harmful to our children and therefore must be changed.// Passage 70
It is becoming more and more obvious that advertising affects all of us throughout our lives.// Adolescents, especially female adolescents, are particularly vulnerable.// It is so because they are new and inexperienced and are the prime targets of many advertisements.// On the other hand, advertisers are fully aware of their role and do not hesitate to take advantage of them in the guise of offering solutions.//
Passage 71
No politician or educator is more pervasive and persuasive than advertising.// One consequence of advertising is that it conveys the message that the value of a person is dependent upon the value of the products used.// It makes us feel that happiness can be bought and that products can fulfill us and meet our deepest human needs.// Ironically, the heavily advertised products, such as cosmetics and weight-reduction drinks, are even detrimental to physical attractiveness.//
Passage 72
Adolescent females are discouraged from growing up and becoming adult.// Growing older is the greatest taboo in this commercialized society.// Although boys are encouraged to become mature adults, girls are encouraged to remain passive and dependent, never to mature. // Somehow placed in a double bind, girls are supposed to be both sexy and virginal, experienced and na?ve, seductive and pure.//
Passage 73
We have begun to write a new chapter for peace and progress in our histories, with American and China going forward hand-in-hand.// We should frankly acknowledge the fundamental differences in ideology and institution between our two societies.// I have com to China not to hold forth on （滔滔不绝地讲高谈阔论）what divides us, but to build on (进一步强化) what binds us.// I am firmly convinced that, together, we can and will make tomorrow a better day.// Passage 74
We may live at nearly opposite ends of the world.// We may be distinctly different in language, customs and political beliefs.// But on many vital questions of our time, there is little distance between the American and Chinese people.// We have a common aspiration for world peace and development and what is the best for the benefit and well being of our people.
Passage 75
Indeed, I believe if we were to ask citizens all over this world what they desire most for their children, and for their children’s children, their answer would be totally the same.// We would hear, in English Chinese, or any language, the highly voiced answer. We want peace. We want freedom.
We want a better life.// Their dreams, so simply stated, represent mankind’s deepest aspirations for security and personal fulfillment.// And helping them make their dreams come true is what our jobs are all about.//
Passage 76
We have always believed the heritage of our past is the seed that brings forth the harvest of our future.// And from our roods, we have drawn tremendous power from faith and freedom. Our passion for freedom led to the American Revolution.// We know each of us could not enjoy liberty for ourselves unless we were willing to share it with everyone else.// And we knew our freedom could not be truly safe, unless all of us were protected by a body of laws that treated us equally.// Passage 77
Trust the people-these three words are not only the heart and soul of American history, but also the most powerful force for human progress in the world today.// I see American and our Pacific neighbors going forward in a mighty enterpri se to…(的伟大事业) build strong economies and a safer world.// For our part, we welcome this new Pacific tide.// Let it roll peacefully on, carrying a two-way flow of people and ideas that can break down barriers of suspicion and mistrust, and build up bonds of cooperation and shared optimism.//
Passage 78
Like China, our people see the future in the eyes of our children.// And like China, we revere our elders. To be as good as our fathers and mothers, we must be better.// Today, China’s economy crackles with the dynamics of change.// China is beginning to reach out toward new horizons, and we salute your courage.//
Passage 79
多年来，学者们给予了文化许多不同的定义。什么是文化？文化是指一个民族的整个生活方式。// 从广义上说，有两种文化：物质文化和精神文化。// 物质文化是具体的、可见的；而精神文化则比较蕴蓄、比较抽象。// 每个民族的文化都有不同于其他民族的礼仪规范。//
Passage 80
由于人类语言是文化的直接表现，所以第二语言的学习必然要涉及到第二文化的学习。// 换句话说，学习一门外语不是孤立地学习这门语言的词汇及语法构造，倘若如此，那么外语学习也就变得简单了。// 真实的情况是：除了对语言本身和学习外，外语学习者还应该注意并了解所学语言的文化内容。// 需要了解外族文化与本族文化的差异。学习在与外族人交际时应有的言谈举止。//
Passage 81
作为一个发展中国家，中国面临着发展经济与环境保护的双重任务。// 自改革开放以来的18年中，环境恶化的状况基上得到了控制。// 实践证明，我们协调经济发民与环境保护两者之间关系的做法是行之有效的。// 除此之外，中国还积极参与国际环保事务，促进国际环保合作，并认真履行了所承担的各种国际义务。//
Passage 82
中国在全面推进现代化建设的同时将环境保护视为一项基本国策。// 通过在人民中宣传环保知识，提高了人们对环保道德与行为准则的认识。// 但要彻底解决环境与发展问题我们仍面临大量难题，任重而道远。// 我们将一如既往，为保护我们的生态环境，为造福下一代而奋斗。//
Passage 83
中国正处在一个从工业化社会向服务和信息社会的转轨过程中。// 中国社会在改革中
变化，在变化中进行改革。// 不断变化着的社会给我们带来了问题，也带来了机会。// 在世界经济日趋一体化的今天，我们应勇敢地迎接挑战、拥抱机遇、承担责任。// Passage 84
中国正处在一个摆脱僵硬的计划经济体制、建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制的改革进程中。// 社会的变化使许多问题得到解决，同时也产生了一些新的问题。// 人口老龄化正在影响着我们的经济发展，威胁着我国的保健制度。// 拜金主义、对自我的日益关注以及对公益事业的淡漠使中国许多传统美德受到冲击。//
Passage 85
Among other things, language is a system that relates sound with meaning, a relation which is determined in a rather arbitrary manner. // Human languages are so different as to be mutually unintelligible.// Yet these difference, great as they are, are differences of detail.// They have a great deal in common in their basic principles, and in the way they approach certain specific problems of communication.//
Passage 86
We are all intimately familiar with at least on language, yet few of us ever stop to consider what we know about it. // One of the wonders about language and language use is that with a finite set of rules, speakers can produce and understand an infinite set of sentences.// If language is defined merely as a system of communication, then language is not unique to humans.// a basic property of human language is its creative aspect and this well explains why young kids learning to talk often produce some sentences that greatly surprise the adults around.//
Passage 87
The difference between a human brain and a computer can be expressed in a single word; complexity.// Inside the human brain, many billions of neurons and cells are interconnected in a vastly complicated network that we can’t begin to interpret as yet.// Even the most complicated computer man has yet built can’t compare in intricacy with the brain.// The brain cell is possessed of (拥有) a tremendously complex inner structure while the computer switch is just an on-off device.//
Passage 88
It is frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are “programmed” to do so.// One must remember that human beings also can only do what they are “programmed” to do // Our genes “program” us and our potentialities are limited by that program.// Sure enough, our “program” is much more complex than computer program.//
Passage 89
What I want to focus on is the principles that underlie to relationship between New Zealand and the P.R.C. // Politically, China is becoming increasingly interested in playing an active role in international affairs.// China has joined many regional and international bodies and is becoming an influential global power.// It has become obvious that there is a good basis for mutual understanding, since we shared common views on many international issues.//
Passage 90
Mr. President, may I thank you for the privilege of speaking here.// I should also thank you for ensuring me such an attentive audience.// May I wish you and your faculty colleagues every success in your future work..// And to the students, I should like to wish you good fortune with your studies and a satisfying and successful career ahead.//
Passage 91
Let us take a look at the most important commodity I the world information.// The advancement of communication technology has given us the ability to know and understand what is going on in any part of the world at any given time.// It has become imperative for us to understand the implications of economic and political change and the impact that this has on our daily life.// Financial institutions have put great emphasis on developing technology that will enable us to have the edge on （胜过，战胜）our competitors.//
Passage 92
非常荣幸有机会在研讨会上以“文化冲突与融合”为题进行发言。（to address the seminar on the topic of “The clash and Fusion of Cultures”）// 首先，我对Dr. Johnson 提出的全球冲突源于文化冲突这一观点深表不安。// 这种观点反映了人们对西方文明的前途怀有一种与日俱增的困惑感// 我们承认不同文化之间的巨大差异，但若这些差异夸大为政治冲突出和战争则是极其危险的。//
Passage 93
一些西方人士认为，其他国家的现代化意味着对西方经济、政治和社会制度与价值观的仿效。// 我认为，现代化并不意味着西方化，西方化也绝非现代理想社会的代名词（be synonymous with）。// 是亚洲的经济成功使亚洲人民觉悟起来，产生了文化认同感。// 他们现在已开始重新思考西方的社会与政治模式是否适合他们。//
Passage 94
西方模式只是通往现代化的一种途径，全然不是唯一的途径。// 东亚经济的成功绝不是简单模仿现代西方文明的结果。// 我们的成功代表了一种新文化的诞生。// 它代表了一种集东西方传统优点之大成的新价值体系。// (Which incorporates the merits of both the Oriental and Occidental traditions)
Passage 95
许多东亚学者认为：东方文明可以医治西方世界的一些顽疾(stubborn ills)。// 对于西方社会的极端个人主义、暴力等社会弊端我们决不可视而不见。// 东方社会的自我约束性、集体责任感以及温厚儒雅的传统可以消除西方社会的许我恶疾。// （self-discipline, a sense of corporate responsibility, pacific tradition）应该说，各种文化传统者有其优缺点，因此，不同文化传统的人应该相互学习、取长补短。// （learn from each other’s strengths to offset their weaknesses）
Passage 96
在这个信息时代，现代化的交通工具与传播手段已使世界缩小为一个地球村。// 在这个地球村里不再有什么泾渭分明的东方世界和西方世界。// 有着不同文化背景的各国人民通过日趋广泛的经济、文化交流加深了对彼此的了解。// 因此，各国人民之间不应该是一种冲突的关系，而是一种友好合作、平等互补的关系。我们应相互理解、相互学习、和睦共处。//
Passage 97
拥有语言，确切地说是拥有创造性的语言较之任何其他属性更能将人类同其他动物区别开来。// 要理解人就必须理解那种我们成为人的语言。// 懂得一门语言意味着你能够发出表示某种概念或意义的声音，能够听懂、说出前人未说过的话。// 懂得一门语言还包括懂得哪些句子在某种场合中使用恰当的。//
Passage 98
中国一句古话是这么说的：“山不在高，有仙则名；水不在深，有龙则灵。”// 中国书法好似山上之仙，水中这龙。// 汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化成许多不同的艺术形式，其中包括篆书、隶书、楷书、行书和草书。// 许多汉字属象形文字，常可以字的形态揣知其
义。
Passage 99
中国书法因其源远流长的历史、优美多姿的形式而深受中国人民的喜爱。是一门别具一格的研究艺术。// 无论是刀刻书法不是笔墨书法都可以通过汉字字形的夸张取得艺术效果。// 它几乎随处可见；在中国大多数旅游区都有不可胜数的铭文石碑，是中国汉字书法的天然博物馆。// 我们深信汉字书法无论以何种形成出现都将极大地吸引着广大海外游客。// Passage 100
千百年来中国书法家为了研究书法艺术的形式、规则及理论倾注了大量的心血。// 他们的成果对国外的汉字书法家产生了巨大影响。// 这些国外的汉字书法家不断地访问中国，与中国书法家一起探讨书法艺术。// 在长期的中外文化交流中，传统的汉字书法从未受到外界的影响，从而成为我国的一大旅游资源。//
Passage 101
旅游区的古代书法遗迹皆以碑林和石刻为主。// 中国历史上文人墨客在浪迹名山时皆墨撒悬崖峭壁，以此抒发感情。// 所幸的是他们的许多作品均被完好的保存了下来，成为重要的旅游资源。// 除了石碑岩崖作品外，在丝绸缎纸张上行文留字则是更常见的书法形式。//
Passage 102
我很高兴能够参加本届社区服务国际学术研讨会并作发言。// 社区服务是当今各国普遍关注的一个问题，各国政府都把搞好社区服务工作摆到了议事日程上。// 社区服务工作的重要性不言而喻；它不仅是社会稳定的措施之一，而且是社会进步与发展的需要。// 社区服务对于解决某些社会问题，改善人民生活，促进精神文明建设都有着重要的作用。// Passage 103
我国社区服务起步较晚，发展还不平衡，还有计多不足之处和薄弱环节需要克服。// 过去，我们虽然没有使用“社区服务”这个名词，但是在实践中却早已做了许多方面的工作。// 随着我国国民经济的发展，可以预期，社区服务将引起全社会的普遍关注，并将有一个新的发展。// 我相信，各位专家学者所作的学术报告对促进和改善我们的工作必将产生积极的影响。//
Passage 104
The purpose of my presentation is to share with you my thoughts on various risk issues that face investors in the context of China’s stock market .// First, I will examine some of the institutional aspects that characterize China’s exchange system today.// Then I will talk about some of the major issues that the current system poses.// These issues will inevitably arise when the Chinese exchange market develops further in the direction of meeting international standards.// Passage 105
Allow me first of all to presents a summary of some of the characteristics that separate the practice of the Chinese exchange market from the international practice.// The Chinese exchange market is dominated by one band, which could create distortions in the exchange market and exchange rates.// Chinese bands continue to conduct foreign exchange operations under legal provisions that makes it difficult to integrate foreign exchange operations into the overall risk management of a bank.// Branches of Chinese banks have at time appeared to behave more like subsidiaries than branches, as if they had their own capital and balance sheet.//
Passage 106
Now I’d like to mention three major tasks facing Chinese banks and the authorities.// First, parallel procedures must be established to monitor and measure true currency risks.// Second, all
market participants must be subject to the same regulations or constraints, including both domestic and foreign banks.// Direct dealing between banks requires a code of conduct, which promotes healthy competition.//
Passage 107
As China’s automobile market matures, prominent figures of the world’s leading automobile manufactures have come to China on investigation tours in recent years.// Auto industry’s most fierce competition has been staged in China, the biggest virgin auto market in the world.// One auto exhibition afte r another has been sponsored in China’s big cities.// Almost all the world’s leading auto manufactures are aware of China’s potential auto market and have started to produce new models specially designed for the Chinese market.//
Passage 108
In the early 1980s, V olkswagen took a courageous step and co-invested with Shanghai to set up a join venture.// Mercedes has also cooperated in form of technology transfer and joint investment with Chinese companies.// In 1994, the Chinese government staged a new policy on auto industry, encouraging foreign investment in vehicle spare parts.// Earlier China had implemented a license system and high-tariff policies on motor vehicle import in order to support its domestic auto industry.//
Passage 109
In 1994, China adopted a new policy concerning foreign investment in China’s auto industry.// According to this policy, new projects would be ratified only on the condition that more than 60% of the spare parts be manufactured in China.// It implies that China may lift the curb on foreign sole investment in China’s auto industry.// But at the same time, it indicates that one who doesn’t sow won’t have a chance to reap.//
Passage 110
At the moment there is much debate about European Monetary Union and the single European currency.// Some Practitioners Predict that the foreign exchange market will consist of fewer and fewer currencies.// It appears that a single European currency will be a reality around the turn of the century.// But the Asian currencies that are freely convertible will continue to mature.//
Passage 111
Intel Corp. And China’s Ministry of Electronics Industry are joining hands to improve the viability and competitive strength of China’s computer manufacturing business.// As part of the agreements, Intel Co. will help Chinese companies develop desk-top computers and service adapters that use energy-efficient and high-density Pentium processors.// To jump start China’s computer and software manufacturing, these agreements stress cooperation and improved technology and customer service.// In addition, Intel has signed an agreement providing China with technological guidance and standards on motherboard designs through China’s Great Wall Computer Group.//
Passage 112
近年来，外资金融机构纷纷抢滩上海，而上海金融市场也得以迅速发展。// 迄今为止，上海已建成了具有一定规模与相当影响的比较完善的金融市场体系。// 上海证券市场的发展最引人瞩目，已成为辐射全国、影响深远的国内最大的资本市场。// 随着我国改革开放的深入和综合国力的增强，上海金融业必奖在更高层次上得到全面拓展。// Passage 113
众所周知，中国是全球经济发展最为迅速的国家之一，而上海则是中国经济发展最引人瞩目的城市之一。// 中国改革开放的总设计师，已故的邓小平同志生前明确要求上海市政府和人民尽快将上海建成国际经济、金融和贸易中心。// 目前，上海已形成了以中央银行为领导，以国有商业银行为主体，各种金融机构并存，发展比较健全的金融机构组织体系。// 在不久的将来，上海将全方位地参与国际金融活动。外汇市场、资本市场、黄金市场将实现与世界金融中心的全天候交易，人民币将实现自由兑换。
Passage 114
鉴于上海特殊的历史地位与地理优势，亦基于中国经济强劲发展的实力，这座城市重建远东国际金融中心的势态已成定局。（ Facilitated by its unique historical position and advantageous geographic location, and the actual s trength of China’s dynamic economic development, it is a forgone conclusion that Shanghai will reestablish itself as an international financial center of the Far East.）// 中国决策层已决心尽快将上海建成国际经济、金融、贸易中心城市。// 世纪之交的上海充满着希望，是各国实有远见的企业家和金融大展宏图的黄金宝地。// 让我们携手合作，共图发展大业。//
Passage 115
自1992年中国政府开放上海浦东以来，浦东成了前景看好的外国投资热点。// 近年来，外国公司，包括世界500强中的60家跨国公司纷至沓来签署了投资协议。// 据初步统计，90%的投资企业动作一年后便已赢利。// 而且，其人均创利超过中国同类公司的平均水平。//
Passage 116
投资浦东的高回报率在很大程度上得益于浦东优良的环境。// 近来年，上海市政府在浦东地区投入了几百亿资金，从而改善了浦东地区的基础设施，尤其是电信设施。// 与此同时，国家在金融、外贸和市场建设的改革主面给浦东以相当大的自主权。// 所有这些因素都有助于吸引越来越多的外国投资者。//
Passage 117
请允许我向各位简要介绍一下中国深化外贸体制改革的一些新举措。// 多年来，中国的经济和外贸改革极大地促进了我国经济的发展，提高了国家参与国际分工与商业交流的能力。// 中国将继续遵守在世界多边贸易会谈中所做出的承诺，使中国经济与全球经济体制协调起来。// 有鉴于此，中国将在进口管理体制、外贸企业、宏观管理和立法四个方面深化外贸体制的改革。//
Passage 118
我国经济体制改革的目的是为了加速与国际接轨的进程。// 我国近年来大幅度降低关税的做法不仅是为了达到世贸组织对关税的要求，也是我国建设社会主义市场经济的自身需要。// 我们将根据国际惯例和市场经济的要求，逐步统一本国企业及外资企业的税收政现，创造企业与企业间，地区与地区间公平竞争的条件。// 对参与基础设施项目建设、高新技术项目建设以及我国中西部地区大型项目建设的外资企业，我们将继续给予优税待遇。// Passage 119
我们将根据国际惯例废除各种有关进口减免税的条件。// 这样做的目的旨在使税收制度标准化，创造公平竞争的条件。// 对于投资额高、投资成本回收时间长的资本密集型项目，政府将允计参与企业扩大经营范围或在国内市场上销售大部分产品。// 总的说来，未来的优惠条件将体现在经营环境的改善、市场的更为开放以及经营条件限制的放宽方面。// Passage 120
中国政府决定花大力气采用以经济与法律手段和国际标准为基础的管理模式和经营方式。(based on economic and legal means and international standards)// 兑换率、关税和信贷这
类因素将被用作平衡国际付款和进出口新机制的首要方法。（be used as the chief means of a new mechanism to balance international payments, imports and exports）// 对进口商品采取灵活措施，在政府采购项目中逐步引进公开招标的方法。（the method of open bidding will be gradually introduced for government purchase）// 外贸经营权的授予将由上级领导部门的审批改为依法同有关部门登记注册。(the licensing of foreign trade rights, be changed from examination and approval by higher authorities to registration with related departments according to the law.).//
Passage 121
Each night we alternate between two kinds of sleep; active sleep and passive sleep// Passive sleep, gives our body the et that is needed, and prepares us for active sleep, in which dreaming occurs.// In passive sleep, the body is at rest, the heartbeat slows down and the body processes become very slow.// This stage of sleep is known as slow wave sleep because the brain waves move in a very slow, regular rhythm.//
Passage 122
From recorded time, man has been fascinated with music and the hardware of sound reproduction.// The modern recording industry was born to satisfy an enormous market for all types of music; folk, classical, orchestral and popular.// The widespread use of electricity led to the invention of the portable record player, while the rise of the electronic industry fed the growing demand for hi-fi stereo systems.// It is certain that the ever-improving technology will give rise to another development beyond digital sound, making the CD obsolete from general use.// Passage 123
Every living thing is a unique combination of the tiny pieces of matter called genes that carry information from parents to offspring.// Our genes decide what we are, what we look like, how long we live and so on.// There are people who are obsessed with cloning (克隆) experiments and wish to apply the theory of genetical replication to cloning human beings.// The idea of combining animal genes with plant genes, or animal genes with human genes has upset many people for ethical reasons.//
Passage 124
The human brain contains an average of ten billion neurons, or never cells, each of which in linked with one thousand to ten thousand other neurons.// These nerve cells participate in countless electrical microcircuits, which makes possible though, perception, communication, and other types of mental activity. // In the cortex of the brain reside human cognitive abilities such as sophisticated reasoning, linguistic skills and musical ability.// The cortex, which is not present to a comparable degree in any other species, represents man’s relatively recent evolutionary step in neurological development.//
Passage 125
The brain is divided into two roughly symmetrical hemispheres.// The activity of the two hemispheres is coordinated by a number of interconnecting nerve pathways.// Current evidence suggests that the left hemisphere has primary responsibility for language, while the right hemisphere controls visual and spatial skills and the perception of nonlinguistic sounds and musical melodies.// It is believed that the left brain dominance for linguistic functions appears to exist prior to birth and this linguistic asymmetry is maintained throughout life.// Passage 126
欢迎各位参加“对外汉语”学习班。我们很高兴地看到，近年来世界各地学习汉语的人
数与日俱增。// 对于这门拥有世界上使用人数最多、文学历史最悠久的语言来说，这股学习热潮早该出现了。// 从某种意义上说，汉语是一门很古老的语言，其最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史了。// 随着各位学习兴趣的提高，我将适时地介绍汉语对中华民族的文化和思维所产生的影响。//
Passage 127
在西方人看业，汉语的书写体系是一种全新的体系。// 他们所看到的不是排列整齐、笔划简单的字母，而是数以千计、形态各蒸发量的方块字。// 许多汉字看上去错综复杂，笔画纵横交错得令人难以置信。// 因此，对汉字的结构及其历史有所了解将有助于大家的汉语学习。
Passage 128
对西方人来说，汉语听上去颇有旋律感，或许有点象在唱歌。// 可是远在五千年前华夏祖先说汉语的方法同英语人士的祖先说英语的方法是致相似的。// 人类的所有语言都可追溯到朦胧的史前时期，只是目前我们还无法确定这些语言是否都同宗同源。// 但汉字的悠久历史及其艺术价值使其比任何其他一种书写体系的文字都富有更多的大小变化和形态变化。//
Passage 129
当太阳光照射到某样东西时，太阳光可以使所照射到的东西变热。// 太阳光照到地球时，空气、土地以及一切被照射到的物体都会升温。// 太阳的光线可以被其所照射的物体反射和吸引，而闪亮的表面比暗淡的表面可以反射更多的光。// 我们认为太阳辐射热量，并称这种热量转移方式为辐射。//
Passage 130
如果你生活在热带或亚热带地区，你便无法免遭蚊虫叮咬之苦。// 这些害虫无处不在，它们携带传染病菌，以吸血为主，彻夜骚扰不止。// 据《世界吉尼斯世界纪录大全》记载，人类除了死于战争和事故外，蚊子被认为是自石器时代以来最致命的杀手。// 即使在今天，肆虐世界各地的蚊子每年将二百万人送入黄泉。//
Passage 131
蚊子吸血是靠其头顶上的那根如针般的细管。通过这根细管，它先向受害者体内注入一种可以稀释血液的物质，然后猛吸经过稀释的血液。// 起稀释作用的物质携带的病菌传播给人类，很快就会形成一个传播疾病与导致死亡的周而复始的恶圈。// 蚊子非常令人头痛，但要消灭它们又绝非易事，这是因为蚊子产生免疫力的速度几乎与我们发是杀虫剂的速度一样快。// 很多事例表明，蚊子产生抗体所需要的时间远比人类发明药物所需要的时间少得多。//
Passage 132
筷子是中餐桌上最有特色的用餐工具。几千年来中国人一直用筷子夹取饭菜，即简单又有效。// 全国各地筷子大小基本一样，但所用的材料却各不相同。// 各人用筷子的方法也是多样化的，有时还颇具艺术性，如同人的签名。// 一般而言，中国人都能随心所欲地用筷子夹起一粒米、一粒度豌豆，或是一只滑溜溜的海参。//
Passage 133
对于那些用餐时习惯了使用刀叉的西方人来说，掌握好用筷的技术的确需要耐心和专心的练习。// 但是如果想享用一顿真正的中餐，那么花点时间和耐心学习用筷的技艺不仅很有必要，而且很有收益。// 除此之外，在中餐桌上还需要注意自己的某些举止，例如：自始至终握筷不放被视作不礼貌的行为，与中国的用餐规矩不符。// 餐间交谈时用筷子指指点点也是一种不礼貌的行为。//
英语翻译模拟试题 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate tbe following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．我们打篮球的时间到了。 (time) 2．他设法把游客及时送到了机场。 (manage) 3．你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会? (possible) 4．应该鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。(encourage) 5．我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant) 6．尽管遭受如重的自然灾害，但只要不灰心，我们终会克服暂时的困难。(Although...) 【答案】 1．It’s time for us to play basketball. 2．He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time. 3．Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening? 4．Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own strong points. 5．Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself left behind. 6．Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficult as long as we don’t lose heart. 【解析】 1．考查time的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，it is time for sb to do sth “该到某人做某事了”。为固定句型。再根据其它提示。故翻译为：It’s time for us to play basketball。2．考查manage的用法和一般过去时。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，manage to do sth“设法做某事”为固定短语。in time“ 及时”为介词短语，在句中作状语。再根据其它提示。故翻译为：He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time。 3．考查possible的用法和一般现在时。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，it is possible for sb to do sth “ 某人做某事是可能的”，it作为形式主语完成整个句子，不定式作为真正主语。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening? 4．考查encourage的用法。encourage sb. to do sth.的被动语态形式就是sb. be encouraged to do sth.另外，此题还考查短语according to（按照）和strong points(长处，特长)。再根据其它提示。故翻译为：Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own strong points。 5．考查形容词短语作状语、定语从句以及find的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为I ，谓语为find， find oneself done表示“发现自己被…”,left behind是“被落在后面了”作宾语补足语。Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about 为形容词短语作原因状语从句。products 为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作talk about的
（英语）英语翻译专项习题及答案解析含解析 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。（visit） 2．街头艺术家运用创意将鲜艳明亮的色彩带进了老社区。（bring） 3．在你生命中，如果有一个人你需要对他说对不起，那么就去向他道歉吧。（apology）4．这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。（what） 5．申请材料需要精心准备，这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确地了解。（in order that） 【答案】 1．Delicious food is one of the pleasures when people visit Shanghai. 2．Street artists bring bright and vivid colors into older neighborhoods with originality 3．If there is someone to whom you need say sorry in your life, make an apology to him. 4．What makes this game peculiar lies in that it teaches kids how to handle the problems in real life. 5．The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities. 【解析】 【分析】 1．本句重点考察两个知识点。一个是乐趣之一，说明此处的乐趣应该用复数，必须是可数名词，因此选择pleasure。另一个是题目中给出的visit，需要谨慎处理，是用做动词还是名词。此处我们给出一个时间状语从句when people visit Shanghai，同时还可使用其他从句进行处理。所以答案是Delicious food is one of the pleasures when people visit Shanghai. 2．本题难度不大，重点是明亮的色彩的表达，可以使用bright colors, 也可以使用bright and vivid colors. 所以答案是Street artists bring bright and vivid colors into older neighborhoods with originality 3．本题考查there be + 定语从句从而构成条件状语从句。另外考察“道歉”用“make apology to sb.”。所以答案是If there is someone to whom you need say sorry in your life, make an apology to him. 4．本题考察what引导的主语从句，以及“be peculiar to”的用法。所以答案是What makes this game peculiar lies in that it teaches kids how to handle the problems in real life. 5．本题主要考固定词组的掌握，为了使用in order that引导出的目的状语从句。另外也考查 preferred school，have…knowledge/ understanding of…，overall，accurate等。所以答案是The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities. 【考点定位】翻译句子
中口考试流程
整体思路 一句话概括口译听力训练“听得懂、记得住、写得快” 听得懂 复习思路：听力有效词汇量，熟悉背景知识及常考套路，适应各类发音现象 练习内容：VOA，BBC标准语速及类似难度的听抄与跟读练习，昂立教师博客听抄练习，高级口译笔试听力Q6-10新闻题听抄练习 记得住 复习思路：个人笔记习惯训练，属于自己的笔记符号，以复述强化短期记忆 练习内容： *0709-030910套真题中的SpotDictation＋Sentence/PassageTranslation（中级包括statements，高级包括Note-TakingandGap-Filling） *听力教程（Statements＋非对话类的篇章＋Sentence/PassageTranslation）（中级包括statements） *昂立版预测试卷（8套） 写得快 复习思路：强化“在规定时间内写下想表达的大意”，熟练，果断 专项练习 SpotDictation 复习思路：记录单词快速、准确、精炼，熟悉自己的书写习惯，快速誊写
练习内容：真题（10），昂立版预测试卷（8），听力教程（12/16） 评分标准：20题，每题分，共计30分。只对名、动、形、副词直接扣分，其余错误作标记，统一酌情扣1-3分 17％oftheemployees分) 请对以下答案模拟打分： 卷面回答一：70%oftheemployees 卷面回答二：17%ofemployee 卷面回答三：17%oftheemployers 保底分数：70%，21分 潜力指数：★★★★ 重要性指数：★★★★ 对三类单词的不同处理 本身难度较大的词 syntheticfertilizers,lucrative,discernable,obsolete,dismantling不妨放弃 发音带来难度的词processedfood,frostresistant,safeforhumanconsumption 通读补全 常考的核心词 communication,unconsciously,cooperation,satisfaction,relationship熟练书写 对考试难度的正确理解：以0703中级真题的部分答案为例 atfault coverup
北京语言大学网络教育学院 《大学英语二》模拟试卷二 第I卷（客观卷） 1. Studies have shown _______ teenagers often suffer form depression A. that B. which C. in which D．in that 2. The party has failed to _______ the majority of voters that it is capable of governing the country. A. trust B. credit C. convince D. believe 3. Many of us visited the industrial exhibition, __________, to our disappointment, we saw very few high-tech products. [A] where [B] which [C] as [D] that 4. The kids are _______ be hungry when they get home. [A] obliged to [B] bound to [C] desired to [D] motivated to 5. All the characteristics that distinguish birds _______ other animals can be traced to prehistoric times. A. to B. between C. for D. from 6. Management often works hard to set up a situation work is done in series. A. that B. where C. which D. what 7. If we _______ everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow. [A] hadn’t got[B] didn’t get[C] wouldn’t have got[D] wouldn’t get 8. In his composition there were no other errors _______ a few misspelled words. A. beside B. except C. then D. than 9. In deciding _______ a course of action，the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters. [A] what to pursue [B] which to pursue [C] whether to pursue [D] if to pursue 10.Since we have a focused subject, we should not talk _______. [A] at once [B] at hand [C] at intervals [D] at random 11. Human beings _______a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects. A. oblige B. owe C. thank D. gratitude 12. The villages wanted very much to have a cinema_____ in this area. A. to be built B. build C. built D. be build 13. I wish I _______my research paper yesterday. But I was too late. [A] had finished to write [B] could have finished writing [C] could have finished to write [D] might finish writing 14. No sooner _______his room when the telephone rang. [A] did he enter [B] he had entered [C] had he entered [D] he has entered 15. Should she come tomorrow, I _________ take her to the museum. [A] can [B] will [C] would [D] must 16. His name will be crossed out from the list _________ he makes the same mistakes again. [A] if [B] unless [C] because [D] through 17. The students would not have made so much progress under less ________ conditions.
英语翻译题20套(带答案) 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translation: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性？(motivate) 2．网上支付方便了客户，但是牺牲了他们的隐私。(at the cost of) 3．让我的父母非常满意的是，从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园，从起居室也可以。(so) 4．博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷落，急需改善。(whose) 【答案】 1．What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering? 2．Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy. 3．To my parents’ satisfaction, the din ing room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room. 或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room. 4．This museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement. 或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement. 【解析】 1．motivate sb to do sth 激发某人做某事，on earth究竟，major in 以…为专业，enthusiasm/ initiative热情/积极性，故翻译为What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering? 2．online payment网上支付，brings convenience to给…带来方便，at the cost of以…为代价，privacy隐私，故翻译为Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy. 3．To my parents’ satisfaction令我父母满意的是，后者也那样so it is with。也可以用主语从句What makes my parents really satisfy 表语从句thatthey can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment。overlooks俯视，opposite the street街对面，living room 起居室。故翻译为To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room. 4．not well managed/ management is reckless疏于管理，be covered with dust/ be piled with dust被灰尘覆盖，few visitors游客稀少，be badly in need of improvement/ requires immediate improvement亟需改善。故翻译为his museum is not well managed, whose exhibits
1)你应该适当花一点时间休息和锻炼。(reasonable) You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising. 2) 总的来说，孩子们比过去任何时候都更健康，受到了更好的教育。(in general) In general, children are healthier and better educated than ever before. 3) 待适当的机会来临，他就能抓住。(come along) Wh en the right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it. 4）每天他都留出点时间跟家人在一起，享受生活。(set aside) Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life 5) 我记得那些黑暗的街道以及同父亲手拉手走路的情景。(hand in hand) I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father 6) 他最终辜负了父母的期望。(live up to) He finally failed to live up to his parents’ expectations. 相比之下，我们的用油量大幅度上升了。(in contrast) In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously. 8) 经过努力，他成功地克服了自己的致命弱点。(overcome) He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness. 1) 人们认为，悲观常常会导致绝望、疾病和失败。 It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure. 2) 与此相反，乐观主义能使你幸福、健康和成功。 Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful. 3) 当你做某件事失败时，把失败当作一种学习的经历从中汲取益处。 When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience ) 在问题或困难面前，要想想自己的长处并树立起自信心。 Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties. 5) 不要让消极的想法阻碍你。 Don’t let negative thoughts hold y ou back. 6) 每个人都经历过失败和失望，因此不要过多地责怪自己。 Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so don’t blame yourself too much. 1) She wore a dress ____with a pattern of rose__________ (有玫瑰图案) on it. 2) Helen had ____prepared a wonderful/good meal for us_ (为我们准备了一顿丰盛的饭菜). 3) Ann _______promised faithfully___ (信誓旦旦地保证) that she would never tell. 4) Could you ____deliver this letter__ (把这封信送到) to the accounts department? 5) We were offered ____a selection of milk and plain____chocolate (精选的牛奶巧克力和纯巧克力). 6) Tell the children to ___keep out of mischief / behave themselves_____(别胡闹). 7) We could hear _____the sound of distant thunder_____ (远处打雷的声音). 8) The project has now __received approval from the government (得到政府的批准). 9) Kelly loved her husband ____in spite of the fact that he drank too much (虽然他喝酒太多). 10) Experts seem unable to ____agree whether the drug is safe or not_ (就这个药是否安全取得一致意见). 1. Not every bomb has hit its target. 并非每个炸弹都击中了目标。 2. We can have one or the other but not both simultaneously. 我们能够得到其中一个，但不能同时两个都有。 3. She wanted nothing more than work. 她只想要工作。 4. You cannot be too careful. 你越仔细越好。 5. I have yet to receive an apology from a child who just ran over my foot while chasing a sibling. 有个小孩在追逐自家的兄弟姐妹时踩了我的脚，却仍未向我道歉。 1. 并非所有父母都和你一样能提供很多情况。 Not all parents are as informative as you
1997.9 上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 参考答案: SECTION1:LISTENING TEST Part A: Spot Diction 1. feel healthy 2. content 3. on average 4. six minutes 5. laugh more 6. 400 times 7. adulthood 8. growing up 9. effects of laughter 10. blood and stomach 11. physical exercises 12. facial and stomach 13. jogging 14. pain relief 15. forty university students 16. funny cassette 17. intended to relax 18. tolerate the discomfort 19. humour 20. immune system Part B: Listening Comprehension 1-5 B D C A D 6-10 D D C B B 11-15 B D A A C 16-20 D A B A D 21-25 B D C A C 26-30 D A C B C Part C: Listening and Translation Ⅰ.Sentence Translation 1.这类独特的酒被认为是世界上最好的一种酒。 2.由于他打算扩店，他开价要买下隔壁的房产。 3.我再也不准备容忍你的无能。你被开除了。 4.会上有人提议在委员会里应该有一位教工代表。 5.“广告”这个词最简单的涵义就是“让某事物引起他人注意”。或者“将某事物告知某人”。 Ⅱ.Passage Translation 1. 请各位注意，图书馆马上就要关门了。请把参考书放回原处，如果要外借备用书籍以 便当夜使用，现在可以办理（手续），多谢各位合作。 2. 30年前，我还是个小孩子的时候，我父亲曾安排我去乡下一个农场过了两个暑假。他 认为那对我有好处，他是对的。那使我懂得了不少有关自立的重要意义。那地方非常偏僻，农场主的地位当时肯定已是二十出头的女儿说她从未离开过家门，也未见过火车。
英语（二）模拟测试3 PART ONE（50 POINTS） I. Vocabulary and Structure （10 points， 1 point for each item） 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。并在答题卡将相应的字母涂黑。 1. The neighbors do not consider him quite as most evenings he awakens them with his drunken singing. A .respectful B. respecting C. respectable D. respective 2. Most Arab countries have a six-day workweek from Saturday through Thursday. When ____ with the Monday to Friday Practice in most western countries， it leaves only four workdays shared. A. associated B. matched C. satisfied D. connected 3.________， the worse I seem to feel. A. When I take some at some B. The more medicine I take C. Taking more of the medicine D. The more medicine taken 4. I don't know how to get Susan to give up smoking， but I'm going to do it_______. A. in any case B. in no case C. by some means D. by no means 5. Human beings _______a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects. A .oblige B. owe C. thank D. gratitude
汉译英专项练习 一、倍数增减的表示法 5 1) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍). is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 （考点：倍数+形容词/副词比较级+ than） 2) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍). reacts three times as fast as the other one （考点：倍数+ as +形容词/副词+ as） 3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍). is 49 times the size of the moon （考点：倍数+名词） 4) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一). wants to raise the rent by a third （考点：动词+ by +数词/百分比/倍数） 5) They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍). plan to double their investment （考点：double +名词） 二、时态6 1) Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了). or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church （考点：将来完成时） 2) When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了). the children had fallen asleep （考点：过去完成时） 3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度假). my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考点：将来进行时） 4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历). have been revising my resume all the morning （考点：现在完成进行时） 5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了). No. It has been five years since I went on holiday （考点：It has been…since sb. did sth.表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） 6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了). He has been in the army for 5 years （考点：1.现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间） 三、被动语态5 1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代). is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时） 2) The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版). will have been published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时）
英语翻译专项习题及答案解析含解析 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．晚上别喝太多的咖啡，会睡不着觉的。（or） 2．事实证明，保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险。（It） 3．乐观的人不会过分怀念美好的旧时光，因为他们正忙着创造新的回忆。（create）4．追求稳定并不是什么坏事，很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰。（when） 【答案】 1．Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep. 2． It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases. 3．Optimistic people don’t miss the good old days too much, because they are busy creating new memories. 4． The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks. 【解析】 【分析】 本题考查翻译，用括号所给的词将中文翻译成英文。翻译要注意句子的时态和语法的运用。 1．考查祈使句。祈使句 + and/or，前面的祈使句表示条件，or或and引导的分句表示结果这里表示转折关系，故用or。故答案为Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep. 2．考查名词性从句。翻译时句中用it作形式主语，真正的主语为从句thatkeeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases.，从句翻译时要注意动名词作主语。故答案为It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases. 3．考查动词。翻译时注意短语be busy doing忙于做……，时态用一般现在时。故答案为Optimistic people don’t miss the good old days too much, because they are busy creating new memories. 4．考查定语从句。先行词为times，在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。故答案为The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks. 2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．即使天气再热，也不要整天待在空调房间里。(stay) 2．一旦一个人学会了换位思考，就表明他正在走向成熟。(indicate) 3．直到他听了那个讲座才意识到自己对于该领域的知识是如此的匮乏。(It)
College English Test for Non-English Majors of Adult Education 专科（英语二）模拟一 I. Vocabulary and Structure There are 30 questions in this part. For each question there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the One that best answers the question. 1. True love cannot be C , and it is priceless. A. brought B. caught C. bought D. broad 2. Finally the crowd broke (up) _ D ____ several groups. A. within B. in C. at D. into 3. Being afraid of the dark, she always slept A the light on. A. with B. by C. beside D. of 4. John is not C whether Eddie likes the picture of him and his family. A. ensure B. assure C. sure D. surely 5. When he got C the train, he didn’t know where he was. A. on B. up C. off D. at 6. She went into the street and A a taxi home. A. took B. taking C. taken D. had taken
英语翻译题库 Translation. Directions: This part is to test your ability to translate English to Chinese. Each of the 10 sentences is followed by four choices of suggested translation marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer. 1. When exporting goods, it is essential to arrange insurance cover in case the goods are lost or damaged in transit. A.为了促进货物出口, 减少货物的丢失或者损坏, 必须发展保险业. B.出口时, 货物基本上都会上保险, 这样货物就避免了丢失或损坏. C.出口货物时必须办理保险, 以防货物在运输过程中丢失或者损坏. D.出口前货物一般都会上保险, 以便在货物遗失或损坏后得到赔偿. 2. If we do not receive payment by the end of this month, we will have no alternative but to take legal action. A.如果本月底我们还收不到付款, 我们将会采取除申诉以外的一切行动. B.如果在本月底我们仍未收到货款, 我们别无选择, 只能采取法律行动. C.如果本月底我们还收不到订货, 我们就不得不采取其他办法了. D.如果本月底我们还收不到订购的货物, 我们就不得不拒绝付款. 3. Party B has the right to a written notice to Party A under the following conditions. A.乙方在下述情况下有权以书面通知甲方取消合同. B.乙方有义务在下述条件下通知甲方签定书面合同. C.乙方在下列条件下有权拒绝接受甲方书写的合同. D.乙方在下列情况下才得有权与甲方终止书面合同. 4. I have already given instructions for the task to be taken up first and the engineers doing the job to work overtime. A.我已下达指示, 首先要承担这项任务, 并且从事该项工作的工程师们必须加 班. B.我已做了说明, 从事该项工作并肯加班的工程人员具有优先权来参与这项 任务. C.我已经下达指令, 涉及该项工作的人员应首先接受该项任务, 并且要加班工 作. D.我已做了解释, 首先必须有工程师们愿意加班工作才能有可能来完成这项 任务. 5. Electronic computers, which have many advantages, cannot carry out creative work and replace man. A.尽管电子计算机有许多优点，可是它不能理解创造性工作，也不能代替人类。 B.有许多优点的电子计算机也不能代替人类去做创造性工作。