Unit 1
1.If you are trying to learn another language, you can’t allow your inhibition (拘束感) to control
our progress. Y ou must be confident and willing to make mistakes.
2.Nigel tells some quite incredulous stories sometimes. I never know when to believe him.
3.When traveling to certain tropical countries, find out what diseases are endemic (地方性的)to
the region and take the necessary medications.
4.When Olivia, whose grandparents are from Spain, visited the country for the first time, she had
an eerie (怪异的)feeling that she had been there before.
5.Although traveling can be exhausting, I always feel exhilarated (兴奋的)when I arrive in a new
country.
6.After spending several days hiking across the mountains with little food and water, Chen’s
speech was slurred and he did not appear lucid.(明白的)
7.Every New Y ear’s Eve, James loves to get decked out (装扮)in his party hat and clothes.
8.There are many amazing places to see in Egypt, but the Temple of Karnac, in Luxor, is
certainly one of the most awe-inspiring (恐惧的)sights I have ever seen.
9.We planned to have a barbecue last night, but the temperature plummeted(垂直下落)in the
afternoon so we ended up eating indoors with the heater turned on.
10.I’ve found that in most countries the local people are quite gracious. They want visitors to
leave with wonderful impressions of their country.
Unti 2
1.Green plants elaborate(详尽说明) organic(有机体) compounds from inorganic by means of
photosynthesis（光合作用）.
2.Many court cases in the past 15 years havs shown that a competent physician who carries out
euthanasia(安乐死) will suffer no prosecution [,pr?si'kju:??n] (起诉).
3.Euthanasia has been a very controversial(有争议的) issur in Europe since at least 1936.
4.The facts he had collected through on-the-spot(当场) observation provided him with
ammunition(辩论中可攻击对方的信息,事实) for his argument.
5.We will never take compassion(怜悯) on snake-like scoundrels(恶棍).
6.76% of those who participated in the poll gave almost the same response.
7.John’s arthritis(关节炎) is getting so unbearable these days that he has to be hospitalized(住
院).
8.Hatred against those spreading rumors about him surged up within him.
9.Despite some exceptions, compassionate killings are dealt with very moderately in British
courts.
10.The advocates of euthanasia have been working with such great zeal that they are regarded as
quite radical in some European countries.
Unit 3
1.V ery many of the things we bend over backwards(拼命) to do involve taking some risk.
2.Joe said that the first time he was at the conference he was just like a babe in the woods.
3.Sometimes, even a chance(随意的) remark may result in tragedy.
4.The odds(机会) are usually in favor of those who are brave enough.
5.Mind you: she always smites with her tongue(血口喷人).
6.Dick is not the kind of person who likes to splash his money about(挥霍).
7.Y ou can rest assured(确信无疑) that the sum is not always shinning on him.
8.I asked him to beat a hasty retreat(悬崖勒马) but my words were like water off a duck’s back. Unit 4
1.I don’t want to get involved with that sort of event.
2.Humorous writers often touch our hearts with their writings.
3.If you litter, you will spoil the natural beauty of the surroundings.
4.Consumers help boost more jobs and help boom the economy.
5.Sandra doesn’t seen to get on nicely with her new boss.
6.Employees usually take care not to get cross with their bosses.
7.A friction(爱挑剔的) manager is also fond of flinging mud at(恶言) other people.
8.She didn’t seem to understand you, so you should have a heart-to-heart talk with her.
9.Don’t be disappointed. There’s still a profusion(丰富) of chances for you to mend fence with her.
10.Sandra bite her tongue off whenever she thought of her rudeness at the party.
Unit 5
1.This high tech is more of a bane(灭亡) than a boon(福音) for mankind.
2.He listened to these small-town anecdotes(轶事) with contempt.
3.George resented returning to this kind of mundane(世俗的) routine.
4.Light is a stimulus to growth in plants.
5.To me that’s what is really intriguing(好奇) about him.
6.All the schools in the city were closed during the epidemic(流行病) of scarlet fever.
7.Mother was in the midst of a bout(一阵子) of house cleaning.
8.His hatred of her was almost pathological(病态的).
Unit 6
1. 1.A bite of wisdom and experience go a long way(大有帮助).
2.How？By being older, wiser and asking embarrassing quentions.
3.They also give parents and prospective students the opportunity to ask searching questions…
4.By going to open days, parents and their children can gauge(评价) the culture of the
institution…
5.While not disputing(质疑) the importance of any of these, I had a different agenda:…
6.Many universities did their utmost to separate students from their parents…
7.So, masquerading(伪装) as a mature student, I often sneaked(潜行) in to the back of the
student sessions.
8.… and the chap at University of London seemed a bit out of touch(孤陋寡闻).
9.And, of course, they deserve almost all the credit(荣耀) when they get in.
Unit 7
1.All men recognize the right of revolution; that is , the right to refuse allegiance(效忠于) to,
and to resist, the government, when its tyranny(暴政) or its inefficiency are great and unendurable.
2.In an international conference UN Secretary General Kofi Annan says that the freshly minted
plans for Iraq will dissolve as soon as they begin to take shape.
3.Vistors soon began to flock(涌入) in from county houses, villages and lonely uplands to see
the reception, or if not to see it, at any rate to be near it.
4.It seems to me if I were young and in love I should never deem(认为) a man of ordinary
caliber(能力) worthy of my devotion.
5.And Mr. Brooke looked so contented and cheerful that Meg was ashamed to lament(悲伤) her
hard lot.
6.I handled this amazing antiquity(古物) with the greatest possible tenderness(温柔), lest it
should fragment in my hands.
7.When it comes to trade in the underdeveloped parts of the world, most Western countries want
to have a finger in every pie.
8.Whilst(同时) the film does become somewhat over-indulgent(放纵的) in parts, its
nostalgic(怀旧) feel is excellently used to make all of us want to hark back to(回想起) the care-free days of childhood.
9.Research projects should be relevant to the requirements of the county and should help in
improving the quality of life of the people.
10.Legal advice needs to be tailored to specific circumstances, and you should therefore consult
with an attorney for advice regarding your particular situation.
11.Because nomadic(游牧) life style is often unstable and hostile, nomades are always fighting
their way through harsh elements and foreign territories in the effort to carve out niches(赢得一席之地) for themselves.
12.We expect the group consisting of Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia still to
notch up(达到) growth of almost 2% this year.
Unit 8
1.“And, madam,”continued she, “she has had the audacity(鲁莽,大胆) to affront(冒犯) your
ladyship and to call you ugly—Y es, madam, she called you ugly old cat to my face.”
2.The “get-rich-quick” efforts in attemptint to achieve and sustain a opulent(富裕的) life style
will invatiably involve corruption, aggression in humans.
3.It was well worth one’s while, even if he had no idea of buying or selling, to loiter(徘徊)
through the bazaars and observe the various sorts of traffic that were going forward.
4.I can state in all sincerity that I wish nothing but freedom, justice and equality, life, liberty and
the pursuit of happiness for all people.
5.Elegant V enetian buildings and palaces peer(比得上) over the ancient maze of narrow streets
and labyrinth(错综复杂的) canals(管道、运河) that contrive(巧妙地策划) to make this a unique city.
6.No wonder that those who conducted such an infraction(违法) of the rights of humanity
should have sought to veil(掩饰) the enormity(弥天大罪) from the eyes of the world.
7.It was the soft, amiable(亲切的) Negro voice, like those I remembered from early childhood,
with the note of docile(温顺的) subservience(服从) in it.
8.Great commanders do not condescend(屈尊) to fight in person but conduct the field
operations by orders delivered through aideds-de-camp.
9.It was true that her profile was beautiful; it was extraordinary how a girl had such a perfection
of outline which took your breath away.
10.The painter was sitting before the open window, an easel(画架) in front of him, a palette(调色
板) in his left hand, painting with deft(灵巧的), swift touches.
Unit 9
1.The root cause of the grave(严重的) historical error that is undermining(逐渐削弱) American
image and interest is the outcome of its misguided foreign policy which is designed to favor specific individuals and political groups at the expense of the will and aspirations(强烈愿望) of the general public.
2.Afghanistan’s future as a democratic nation hinges on(取决于) the government’s ability to
emancipate(解放) Afghan women in all spheres of society.
3.Father Claude taught the boy to respect the rights of others, to espouse(支持) the cause of the
poor and weak and to revere(敬畏) God.
4.Some of these lizards(蜥蜴) inhabit the high and damp parts of the islands, but they are much
more numerous in the lower and sterile(贫瘠) districts near the coast.
5.It is an interesting paradox that while Johnson’s reputation as the chief English man of letters
of his age seems secure for all time, his works, for the most part, have long ceased to be read.
6.Our village life would have stagnated(停滞) if it had not been for the unexplored forests and
meadows(牧场) which surrounded it.
7.Night was falling rapidly, and their predicament(窘境) was rendered doubly worse when they
could not even find the trail which they had been following.
8.The man is mad—quite mad—and we cannot longer jeopardize(冒..危险) our own throats
merely to humor his crazy and criminal whims(突发奇想).
9.What I can say is that the uprising in Iraq will continue and the American public may well
wake up to the deaths of thousands of its sons and daughters.
10.He felt the good and bad within himself inextricably(复杂地) mingled and overlapping.
Unit 10
1.Most visitors to America’s national parks rarely stray(走失) more than a few yards from their
cars or tour buses because it’s easy to be lost in valleys(山谷) and among trees.
2.Y our children should go out in the fresh air rather than huddling up against the radiator(暖气
片) like that.
3.She spent the day traipsing(闲逛) round the shops, but found nothing suitable to buy.
4.After so many years of hard life experiences, he has formed a habit of keeping reticence(沉默
寡言) about his past, which makes his colleagues very suspicious of him.
5.She was very tense(紧张的) as she was waiting for the interview because she know there were
a lot of candidates competing for the position in this big company.
6.Psychologists(心理学家) were astounded(震惊的) to discover that volunteers in the
experiment were often willing to inflict(把…强加给) pain on others if they were told to.
7.Pigeons are gregarious(爱交际的) bird but blackbirds tend to be solitary(独居的).
8.People who have been involved in serious accidents often need some counseling(咨询服务)
to help them recover from the terrible experiences.
9.Passengers without proper documentation will not be allowed to travel in this area.
10.She refuses to come down(处罚,批评) squarely(直接地) on either side of the arguments.
11.Judging from your examination results, I think that you have grounds for cautions optimism
about getting a university place.
12.After looking at all the applications, we reached a tentative(暂定的) conclusion that three or
four people might be worth interviewing.
13.A succession of scandals(丑闻) and revelations has undermined the government’s prestige(威
信) over the past year.
14.If you confide in(信任) someone you can share your feelings and secrets with him because
you trust him not to tell other people.
15.Hitler’s invasion of Poland led to the tragedy of the Second World War and the Holocaust(大
屠杀) is one of the greatest tragedies the world has ever known.
16.For this venture to be really successful we must start by mustering(集合) the enthusiasm of
parents, teachers and pupils.
17.When Mary’s lost her money during her travel abroad, a friend said to her: “Console(安慰)
yourself—it could have been worse. What if you’d had your passport stolen as well as your money!”
18.Five years of psychotherapy [sa?k??θer?pi:] (心理疗法) helped him to deal with his
childhood traumas(心灵创伤).
19.I really can’t figure out why he has done such a foolish thing for he is always so sensible in
his life and work.
20.Her anger, embarrassment and reserve were melted away when she read the letter.
Unti 11
1.It has been alleged that the factory is dumping noxious(有害的) chemicals in the river.
2.Odor(气味) can become a probem if the ventilation in the room is inadequate. The new
technique involves surgeons making small incision(切口) in the skin into which tubes are inserted.
3.Social workers have dismissed the government’s latest efforts to sort out the homeless
problem as purely cosmetic(装点门面的).
4.Seeing the children in the park prompted(促使) thoughts of his own sons on the other side of
the Atlantic.
5.If there are no complications(并发症), the doctor says that she’ll be able to come home within
two weeks.
6.It is one of those glossy magazines with endless pictures of minor celebrities and socialites
(社会名流)attending balls.
7.“Spitting image” is a British television program which satirizes(讥讽) the political events of
the past week.
8.I hereby certify(证实) that the above information is true and correct.
9.I enjoy working in general medicine but I hope to be able to specialize(精通) in the future.
10.The money he got from teaching evening classes provides a supplement(额外费用) to his
income of his job to pay the 10-year housing loan.
11.A quarter of all burglaries(入户盗窃) are carried out in the homes whose owners have failed
to take basic precaution(预防措施) to lock doors and windows.
12.The agency was not accredited(认可) by the Philippine Consulate to offer contracts to
Filippinos abroad.
13.He had a suspicion that the certificate was forgery(伪造), but on closer inspection(检查), it
seemed OK.
14.It was snowing heavily in the mountain area. The drivers were facing the dual(二重的)
hazards(危险) of black ice and frozen snow.
15.There documents should never leave the room for they are of high confidential(机密的).
16.As one of the nations premiere(重要的) scientist, he committed to attracting young people to
science.
17.The Beatles’rise to fame was quite phenomenal(惊人的)—in less than two years it was a
household(家喻户晓的) name, for nobody had heard anything like that before. His inability to admit that he is wrong is a flaw(缺点) in his character.
18.All luggages is screened(检查过的) at the airport to make sure it contains nothing illegal or
dangerous.
19.She was momentarily(顷刻之间) confused with road signs but soon found out the right way
in the downtown of the big city.
20.Somewhere a band was playing and brightly colored flags were fluttering(飘动) in the breeze. Unit 12
1.We can’t assume the suspect to be guilty simply because they have decided to remain silent.
2.The group remain steadfast in its support for the new system, even when it was criticized in
the newspapers.
3.Among other things, the museum boasts an unrivaled collection of French porcelain.
4.People who live in crowded cities often experience breathing problems during the summer
when high temperature combine with stagnant polluted air.
5.The closure of the factory could devastate the lives of thousands of families in the area whose
incomes depend on it.
6.Through history, people have been intrigued by the question of whether there is intelligent life
elsewhere in the universe.
7.Northern areas of the country were engulfed by/in a snowstorm last night.
8.Some of the concerns of the 1960’s, such as environmentalism, are received renewed support
today.
9.The television coverage of so many starving people was designed to pick/stir up the public
conscience.
10.The detail of her wildlife painting is a testament to her power of observation.
11.He has this theroy that suffering can ennoble a person’s character.
12.The arrival of a group of friends on Saturday infuses new life into the weekends.
研究生英语读写佳境Unit2/3/5/7/9精编版Test One Section A A) prevented B) restrained C) hindered D) refrained A) absorbed B) pushed C) heaved D) sucked A) commence B) compromise C) compensate D) compliment A) comply B) agree C) assist D) consent A) scanned B) scrutinized C) explored D) swept culture. A) confine B) conform C) confront D) confirm A) inspired B) tempted C) overcame D) encouraged resources. A) resort B) grant C) afford D) entitle A) receipt B) recipe C) subscription D) prescription A) tolerance B) resistance C) dependence D) persistence surroundings. A) coincidence B) harmony C) uniform D) alliance A) payment B) obligation C) option D) penalty
time. A) multiplying B) breeding C) magnifying D) generating countries. A) resources B) potential C) budget D) economy A) luxury B) accommodation C) entertainment D) refreshment A) ingenuity B) validity C) impurity D) infinity A) valid B) deliberate C) confidential D) invalid A) recognition B) discrimination C) realization D) normalization A) document B) label C) passport D) certificate A) broadened B) brightened C) flattened D) strengthened A) embodies B) embraces C) integrates D) deviates A) messed B) threw C) confused D) upset A) manuscript B) multitude C) masterpiece D) magnitude A)significant B）extravagant C ) exquisite D) fantastic A) facilitated B) fascinated C) fabricated D) formulated A) concentrated B) omitted C) distracted D) extracted
历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案 原文： 越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。 这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。 译文： An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage. 解析： 本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。总体难度一般，以句号结束的句子即可作为一
《英语词汇学教程》（2004 年版）练习答案 Chapter 1 7. Choose the standard meaning from the list on the right to match each of the slang words on the left. a. tart: loose woman b. bloke: fellow c. gat: pistol d. swell: great e. chicken: coward f. blue: fight g. smoky: police h. full: drunk i. dame: woman j. beaver: girl 8. Give the modern equivalents for the following archaic words. haply = perhaps albeit = although methinks = it seems to me eke = also sooth = truth morn = morning troth = pledge ere = before quoth = said hallowed = holy billow = wave / the sea bade = bid 12. Categorize the following borrowed words into denizens, aliens, translation loans, and semantic loans. Denizens: kettle, die, wall, skirt, husband Aliens: confrere, pro patria, Wunderkind, mikado, parvenu Translation loans: chopstick, typhoon, black humour, long time no see Semantic loans: dream Chapter 2 1. Why should students of English lexicology study the Indo-European Language Family? The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. Knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately. 2. Make a tree diagram to show the family relations of the modern languages given below.
选词填空单词汇总 accredited( ) ammunition( ) anecdote( ) assume( ) astound( ) audacity( ) awe-inspiring( ) babe( ) backwards( ) bane( ) boon( ) boost( ) bout( ) certify( ) chance( ) compassion( ) complication( ) condescend( ) confide( ) confidentiality( ) conscience( ) console( ) contrive( ) controversial( ) cosmetic( ) counseling( ) decked( ) deem( ) deft( ) descend( ) deserve( ) devastate( ) dispute( ) dissolve( ) documentation( ) eerie( ) embarrass( ) endemic( ) engulf( ) ennoble( ) enormity( ) epidemic( ) espouse( ) exhilarate( ) figure( ) flaw( ) flock( ) flutter( ) fragment( ) gauge( ) gracious( ) gregarious( ) hasty( ) hazard( ) hinder( ) hinge( ) hospitalize( ) hostile( ) huddle( ) incredulous( ) inextricably( ) infuse( ) inhabit( ) inhibition( ) inspection( ) intrigue( ) intriguing( ) involve( ) jeopardize( ) lament( ) loiter( ) lucid( ) masquerade( ) melting( ) moderately( ) momentarily( ) mundane( ) muster( ) noxious( ) odds( ) odor( ) optimism( ) opulent( ) pathological( ) phenomenal( ) plummet( ) precaution( )
2004.5 It isn’t often that one has the chance to congratulate a noted woman writer on her 80th birthday. So on October 5 last year，when I went to Bing Xin’s house，I felt very excited. I explained that I hoped she would tell me something about how she becam e a poet. “I haven’t written poetry for many years,” she said smiling. “But I still love to read good poetry.” Bing Xin was fortunate to have parents who encouraged her to study and write. When she was attending a women’s college in Beijing in 1919，an event occurred which changed the whole course of her life. That was the May 4th Movement，a patriotic democratic movement started by students in Beijing. The mass demonstrations made a deep impression on her. She threw herself into the struggle and was put in charge of publicity by the Student Union. She wrote poems，articles and stories，attacking imperialism and feudalism in its various forms. Going to the U.S. in 1923 to study literature，she wrote down her impressions on the way and during her stay there. These were published in the collection To Little Readers. The book brought her instant fame，not only because she was a woman writer，but also because of the noble sentiments in the book. Quite a few younger writers say it was Bing Xin’s writings that started t hem on the road they have since followed. 2004.11 In recent years, the Chinese government has encouraged domestic travel and implemented a policy of "holiday economics", giving its citizens three annual week-long vacations and the opportunity to spend more savings on travel, shopping and eating out. In 2004, total tourist spending during the May Day holidays was 39 billion yuan. Tourism now contributes 2.3 percent of the nation's gross domestic product (GDP), and revenues are expected to grow by 10 percent annually through to 2013, creating 40 million jobs.
Text one 1.At this height, the jungle looked like a gigantic green carpet, except for the red rivers snaking through it ...the plane took a dramatic dive along the trajectory of the mightly Angel Falls ------the longest waterfall in the world ----as it plummeted down into Devil’s Canyon. 2.It was one of the most awe-inspiring sights I have ever beheld,but ,but almost equally incredulous was the fact that we were the only ones there! 3.Canaima ?s remoteness is one reason; there is no road access so you must charter a flight from Puerto Ordaz, a one-hour jourey from the Venezuelan capital of Caracas. 4.The tour operators at Angel eco-tours take an intesting approach in that they emphasize the park and its people more than Angel Falls. In the previous stays at indigenous village.I had often gotten significantly to the sense that tourists were well receivd primarily because they contribute significantly to the village’s income . 5. My fondest memory is of spending an evening watching three generations of Pemon ,decked out in their traditional garb,perform a ceremonial dance ….Our inhibitions quickly disappeared and before we knew it ,we were dancing alongside the Pemon . 6. Given the other –worldliness of the park,I was not surprised to hear that a large number of the flora,including several carnivorous plant varieties ,are endemic to the region . 7. As much as I found the trip exhilarating ,I would not say it is for everyone .Eco-tourism means responsible ,low-impact travel,and generally involves some degree of “roughing-it”. Text two 1.The long simmering euthanasia issue has lately boiled over into a sometimes fierce public debate with both sides claiming the mantle of ultimate righteousness. 2.And so the euthanasists have begun to press their case with greater force . ******** 3.Cancer patients and sufferers from multiple sclerosis are the most frequent subjects of euthanansia in Holland. https://www.doczj.com/doc/8715945380.html,st fall 19 distinguished British doctors wrote an open letter calling for the legalization of euthanansia for AIDS patients in the advanced stages of their illness. 5.Some zealous actions by pro-euthanasists have supplied ammunition to those who contend that legalizing active voluntary euthanasia would be the sin edge of the wedge for a variety od abuse 6.Even in the Netherlands ,the proposals now before Parliament would restrict euthanasia to a small number of cases and would surround ever those with elaborate safe guards Text Three 1. a business transaction , even a chance remark may result immediately or ultimately in tragedy . 2.To many of us , gambling is ,in many cases, a non-toxic drug against boredom and apathy ,and may well help preserve good temper ,patience and optimism .which will do us a world of good . 3.As a matter of fact ,few of us have the right to condemn gambling as few of can say that they never gamble . 4.If a man makes gambling an obsession ---almost a form of insanity-he will not only lose his property gained through years of toil. 5.if one sticks to his limits , it is more a game of fun than the root of all evils. 6.that gambling itself will lose its fascination as an opiate to a colorless and dreary existence . Text four 1.No matter what we do,we are always involved with other people ,whether we want to be or not. 2.We might have some friction with a member of the family or a quarrel with someone in the neighborhood..We might get
试题三 第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%) 1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into ( ) A. perfect homonyms B. homonyms C. homophones D. all the above 2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example ( ) A. ad for “advertisement” B. dish for “food" C. fond for “affectionate” D. an editorial for “an editorial article" 3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over ( ) A. the reader’s interpretation B. the neighbouring words C. the writer's intention D. the etymology of the word 4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order? A. extra- B. pro- C. re- D. semi- 5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary? A. The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology B. Chamber's Encyclopedic English Dictionary C. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs D. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms 6.Which of the following statements is Not true? A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world. B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary. C. Concept is universal to all men alike. D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language. 7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form ( ) A. physical context B. grammatical context C. lexical context D. linguistic context 8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is ( ) A. definition B. explanation C. example D. hyponym 9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that ( ) A. it can refer to the common core of a language B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period D. it can stand for words in given dialect or field 10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a ( ) A. simile B. metaphor
八级汉译英 1997年: Translation from CHINESE to ENGLISH (30 min) 1 来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，大多非常刻苦勤奋，周末也往往会抽出一天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果出的较多。我的导师是亚裔人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生的勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解（v-n）亚裔学生的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余5位均是亚裔学生。（主动和被动改）他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：“本室助研必须每周工作7天，早10时至晚12时，工作时间必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，共有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。1999年夏天，我不顾别人的劝阻，硬着头皮接受了导师的资助，从此开始了艰难的求学历程。 【参考答案】 Like other Asian Americans, most Chinese American students are very diligent. They often spare one day even two days of the weekend for the overtime work in the lab, so they harvest more than American students. My advisor, who was an Asian American, had a strong（准）addiction to smoking and drinking, a nd（连词）a n irritable temper as well.（合句，定从，插入语and,with,状从句子，或提一部分作成份）However, he appreciated the industry and the solid basic knowledge of students with Asian origins.He also had a particular keen insight into the mentality of these students. So it was not surprising（用it 句式，补词）that all the students in his lab were from Asia except one from Germany. The advisor was so straightforward as to paste an eye-catching notice on the door of his lab, which read: “It is ）无人称句正式）a must that all the research assistants in the lab work from 10 to 12pm every day, and seven days a week. （调整句子）Furthermore, they should spare no effort in working hours.” The advisor was well-known for his strictness and severity through out the university. During the three and a half years of my work there, fourteen students were recruited into his lab, but only five stayed until after they had graduated with a PH.D degree. In the summer of 1999, regardless the dissuasion, I accepted my tutor’s subsidization and from then on I began my hard way of study. 1998年: CHINESE TO ENGLISH 1997年2月24日我们代表团下榻日月潭中信大饭店，送走了最后一批客人，已是次日凌晨3点了。我躺在床上久久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，只见四周峰峦叠翠，湖面波光粼粼。望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多…… On February 24, 1997, our delegation stayed at ZhongXin hotel beside RiyueTan, It was already 3 o'clock of the next morning when we saw off the last group of visitors, I lay down on the
Key to Exercises Unit 1 Text A II. Vocabulary A. 1. bear 2. haunt 3. bespeak 4. approach 5. trivial 6. self-assertion B. 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. C C． 1. is afflicted with 2. bearing 3. press 4. elusive 5. abandon themselves 6. trivial 7. descend 8. at length III. Grammar & Structure A. 1.don’t leave; will be; get 2.was drowning; dived; rescued 3.exploded; climbed 4.reached; realized; didn’t know 5.will be; opens 6.will start; return 7.makes; has found 8.was raining; played/were playing; was trying; didn’t get on/wasn’t getting on; kept B. 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. D 10. A IV. Translation 1.Research revealed that the bird was on the brink of extincti on. It’s every citizen’s obligation to protect them. 2.I felt approaching footsteps. Someone took my hand and I was caught up and held close in the arms of him. 3.She had abandoned herself to grief since she heard the news that her husband was killed in the car accident. Her sister strived to comfort her but in vain. 4.According to laws, no one has the right to impose a private will upon others. As long as you follow the laws, you can do whatever you want. 5.He opened the door to his parents’ importunities and desc ended the stairs slowly. Holding up his head high, he carried himself like an arrogant knight.
《英语词汇学教程》参考答案 (注：参考答案仅供参考。有些题目的答案并非是唯一的) Chapter 1 1. The three definitions agree that lexicology studies words. Y et, they have different focuses. Definition 1 focuses on the meaning and uses of words, while definition 2 on the overall structure and history. Definition 3 regards lexicology as a branch of linguistics and focuses on the semantic structure of the lexicon. It is interesting to note that the three definitions uses different names for the object of study. For Definition 1, it is words, for Definition 2 the vocabulary of a language, and for Definition 3 the lexicon. 2. (1) They can go into the room, and if they like, shut the door. (2) Y ou boys are required to give in your homework before 10 o‘clock. (3) I watch the football match happily and find it very interesting. 3. (1) when it follows ?-t‘ and ?-d‘, it is pronounced as [id]; (2) when it follows voiceless consonants, it is pronounced as [t]; (3) when it follows voiced consonants and vowels, it is pronounced as [d]. 4. (1)They are words that can be included in a semantic field of ―tree‖. (2)They represent the forms of the verb ―fly‖ and have a common meaning. (3)They belong to a lexical field of ?telephone communication‘.. (4)They are synonyms, related to human visual perception. Specifically, they denote various kinds of ―looking‖. 5. (a) ?blackboard: a board with a dark smooth surface, used in schools for writing with chalk (the primary stress in on black) ; ?blackbird: a particular kind of bird, which may not necessarily be black in colour (the primary stress in on black); ?greyhound: a slender, swift dog with keen sight (the primary stress in on black), ?White House: the residence of the US President in Washington (the primary stress in on black). 0 (b) black ?board: any board which is black in colour (both words receive primary stress); black ?bird: any bird which is black in colour (both words receive primary stress); grey ?hound: any hound that is grey in colour (both words receive primary stress); ?white ?house: any house that is painted white (both words receive primary stress). 6. There are 44 orthographic words, i.e. sequences of letters bounded by space. There are 24 open class words and 20 closed class words. 7. (a) The ?bull‘ is literal, referring to a male bovine animal. (b) ?Take the bull by the horn‘ is an idiom, meaning ?(having the courage to) deal with someone or something directly.