专题四介词及介词短语
考点一常见介词的用法
常用介词如in,on,for,with,against,of,beyond,out of,across等含义较多,应全面把握。
1.against有“违背,违逆;反对;对……不利;倚;靠;碰撞;预防;衬托”之意。
[2014·湖南]Vacations help us perform better at work,improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.
假期帮助我们在工作中表现得更好,提高我们的睡眠质量和缓解忧愁。
2.beyond可表示范围,限度,意为“超出,为……所不及”。
常用短语:beyond words/description/imagination/belief/one's reach/one's control,意为“无法用语言形容/无法用语言描述/想象不出来/无法相信/够不着/无法控制”。
[2014·浙江]“I came to thank you,”she said,surprising me beyond speech.
“我是来感谢你的。”她说。(听到这)让我惊讶地说不出话来。
3.by可表示程度或增减的幅度,还可作“按;以……计;依据”讲。
As far as I know,workers are generally paid by the month.
据我所知,工人们的工资通常按月来付。
4.for有“就……而言;从……来看;达,计;为……”之意。
①The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education.
我们大多数人最关心的是大众教育的质量问题。
②[2016·四川]The mother continued to care for the young panda for more than two years.
这位母亲持续照顾熊猫幼崽两年多。
5.off有“在离……不远处;在沿海的海面”之意。
[2014·重庆]She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went off the road.
她在转弯处开得如此快,以至于车差点偏离公路。
6.across有“横跨”之意。
Do you think this shirt is too tight across the shoulders?
你觉得这件衬衫在肩膀这个地方是不是太紧了?
7.on/upon有“刚……就;一……就”之意,后接名词或动词-ing形式。
[2014·山东]Upon graduation,Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private clinic.
夏洛特一毕业就回到了蒙特利尔,开了一个私人诊所。
8.over可表示时间,意为“在……期间;直到……结束”。
①Talks with the teachers' union over the weekend have averted a strike.
周末与教师工会举行的谈判避免了一场罢工。
②Over coffee,she lit a cigarette,her eyes daring him to comment.
喝咖啡时,她点燃了一支烟,用挑衅的眼神看着他,谅他也不敢吭声。
9.within可表示范围、程度,意为“在……之内”。
The government was doing everything within its power to help the victims.
政府正尽其所能地帮助那些受害者。
10.of表示在……范围内。
①The ceasefire resolution calls for the release of all prisoners of war.
停火决议要求释放所有战俘。
②[2015·福建]A common memory they all have of their schooldays is the school uniform.
他们对于他们学生时代的共同记忆是校服。
考点二介词的固定搭配
考查介词短语辨析,往往要借助具体语境,另外,还要掌握常用的介词短语及其意义。
①[2016·天津]Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice to her opinion on the subject.
在讨论刚开始时,玛丽一言不发,但最后她就这个主题发表了自己的观点。
②[2016·天津]I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.
我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙,不能和她进行会话。
③[2015·浙江]Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes to animals both on land and sea?
你听说过成为海陆两栖动物的栖息地的树吗?
④[2015·安徽]They believe that there are transport developments around the corner that will bring a lot of changes for the better.
他们相信交通的发展就要到来了,这将会带来很多更好的变化。
⑤[2015·福建]Human life is regarded as part of nature and,as such,the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
人类生活被认为是大自然的一部分,严格说来,我们生存的唯一方式是与大自然和睦相处。
1.与介词in搭配的常用短语
in a way在某种程度上
in no way没门
in the way挡住道路
in vain徒劳
in general 通常,大体上
in detail 详细地
in turn 轮流
in return 作为回报
in need 需要
in time 迟早;及时
2.与out of搭配的常用短语
out of date/time 过时/过期
out of question 毫无疑问
out of the question 不可能
out of shape 变形
out of fashion 不流行
out of order 出了故障
out of reach 遥不可及
3.“in+名词+of”常用搭配
in honor of 为纪念……
in charge of 负责;掌管
in terms of 依据;就……而言
in praise of 赞扬
in favor of 支持;赞同
in need of 需要
4.与介词at搭配的常用短语
at no time 决不
at a time 一次/每次
at one time 一度/曾经
at times 不时地/有时
at one's request 应某人的要求
at a loss 不知所措
5.其他常考短语
on behalf of 代表
by chance/accident 偶然
after all 毕竟;别忘了
regardless of 不管,不顾
on the whole 总的说来
on the contrary 相反
◆介词与语法填空
在语法填空中,介词是必考内容,常考表示方位、时间、地点、方式、原因、计量、材料等以及习惯用语中的介词。
[典题试做1]
在空白处填入适当的介词
1.[2016·全国Ⅰ]But my connection with pandas goes back ________ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,when I was the first...
2.[2016·全国Ⅱ]Most of us are more focused ________ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
3.[2016·全国Ⅲ]Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India,for example,most people traditionally eat ________ their hands.
答案:1.to 2.on 3.with
[应对策略1]
如果句子中不缺少主语或表语,动词后又不缺少宾语,则在名词或代词前一定是填介词。其次,还要注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用。
◆介词与短文改错
短文改错中对于介词的考查常会涉及介词误用、缺少介词或介词多余的情况。
[典题试做2]
单句改错(每小题1处错误)
1.[2016·全国Ⅰ]My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.________
2.[2016·全国Ⅲ]Now I am leaving home to college.________
3.[2016·四川]Dad cleaned the house,and then went on shopping.________ 4.[2015·全国Ⅰ]Unfortunately,on the development of industrialization,the environment has been polluted.________
5.[2015·四川]Please help with me and give me some advice.________
6.[2015·全国Ⅱ]One day,little Tony went to a shopping center with his parents.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.________ 7.[2015·浙江]My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass.________
8.[2015·陕西]My soccer coach retired in last week.________
答案:1.dreams后加of 2.to→for 3.去掉on 4.on→with 5.去掉with 6.on→in7.from→of
8.去掉in
[应对策略2]
(1)如果句子中不缺少主语或表语,动词后又不缺少宾语,则在名词或代词前一定是缺少介词。
(2)注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用。
(3)不该用介词的短语中用了介词,如next year常写成in the next year。
(4)某些及物动词短语中介词缺失,如look (at),listen (to),take care (of)等。
(5)有些及物动词多加了介词,如enter the room 常写成enter into the room ,return my book 常写成return back/to my book 等。
(6)注意分清连词、副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能。
◆书面表达中介词易错点聚焦
1.句尾介词往往由于受到汉语的影响而缺少
???
He is the man I just spoke.(误)He is the man I just spoke to.(正) ??? I don't know which school he studies.(误)I don't know which school he studies in.(正)I don't know in which school he studies.(正)I don't know where he studies.(正)
2.因不熟悉介词及介词短语语法功能和不同搭配而造成语句混乱、搭配不
当等错误 (误)I often come to school take bus ,but sometimes I come by my father's car. (正)I often come to school by bus ,but sometimes I come in my father's car.
3.英汉差异造成的介词错用
??? (误) He got married with her last month.
(正)He got married to her last month.
(正) He married her last month.
?
?? (误) He has a knife wound with the leg.(正) He has a knife wound in the leg. ??? (误) He drove onto a tree yesterday.(正) He drove into a tree yesterday.
?
?? (误)A is different with B.(正)A is different from B. ??? (误)under the help of the teacher (正)with the help of the teacher
???
(误)He made holes on the wall.(正)He made holes in the wall.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.[2017·山东下学期综合测试]When he was 30,back in 1953,he was working________a research assistant in the university.
2.[2017·四川资阳一诊]“Speed up.70 km/h isn't fast enough.You are holding up traffic,”ordered another voice from the seat next________me.
3.[2017·山东青岛自主学习]The game was played________two teams.
4.[2017·河南中原名校4月模拟]I sat on the side of the stage,________my script open on a music stand in front of me.
5.[2017·安徽安庆重点中学模拟]Even though our eyes are closed,they move rapidly from side________side.
答案:1.as解析:句意:早在1953年,当时他30岁,他就在那所大学当了一名研究助理。work as从事……工作。
2.to解析:句意:“加快速度。每小时70千米还不够快。你正在造成交通阻塞。”从我旁边座位那里发出的另一个声音命令道。next to挨着。
3.between解析:句意:比赛在两支队伍间进行。between在两者之间。
4.with解析:句意:我坐在舞台的一侧,我的剧本打开着,放在我前面的乐谱架上。with的复合结构作状语。
5.to解析:句意:尽管我们眼睛紧闭,但它们(眼球)从一侧到另一侧迅速转动。from...to...从……到……为固定搭配。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.[2017·安徽合肥八中段考]I'm very glad to hear about you are going to visit me next Friday.________
2.[2017·安徽合肥八中段考]I will take you together to a hot-pot restaurant for dinner and we'll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.________ 3.[2017·湖南衡阳八中二模]People have different opinions of money.________ 4.[2017·湖南衡阳八中二模]We cannot exchange money into friendship or love.________
5.[2017·江西南昌高三联考]Some of them are even particular with food.________
答案:1.去掉about或about→that解析:句意:很高兴听说你下周五要来看我。此处hear为及物动词,直接带宾语从句,此时宾语从句的引导词that可
以省略。
2.with→about解析:句意:我将带你一起去火锅店吃晚餐,然后我们一边吃晚餐一边讨论周末计划。根据宾语our plan可知,指讨论的内容,talk后应用about。
3.of→about/on解析:指对某事的观点、看法时,opinion后面接介词on/about。
4.into→for解析:exchange sth. for...“交换,兑换”。
5.with→about/over解析:be particular about/over“讲究;对……挑剔”。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A(介词及介词短语专练)
I was in a restaurant.I noticed an elderly couple 1.________a balloon tied to their table.When I asked them what the occasion was,they told me it was their 50th wedding anniversary.I was glad and sad 2.________ them at the same time.I was glad because they still cherished each other.I was sad because they were 3.________their own,without any children or friends.After I went back to my table I thought I should pay their bill.I tried to do it,and the restaurant manager and the waitresses asked me curiously who they were 4.________me.Finally,I told them I worked in a church and felt it was my duty to do so.The elderly couple were surprised and speechless when told a total stranger had paid 5.________them.All of us were nearly 6.________tears:the couple,the manager,the waitresses and me.
Two months later I got a call 7.________a newspaper telling me my simple act of kindness was reported.I wasn't expecting anything 8.________return,but I became famous 9.________that act of kindness.What would and could happen 10.________us if we always practice such acts of kindness on family,friends,neighbors and strangers?
答案:1.with 2.for 3.on 4.to 5.for 6.in7.from8.in9.for10.to
B
[2017·四川广元中学高三段考]
Just as I began a new job in New York,I had to learn another important job:father.I was a businessman.At the office I had three new 1.________(project),and at home I had a young son who was growing fast and 2.________(need) me.I was
puzzled and didn't know how to deal with the relationship between job and family until one day,during my business trip in Chicago,I came 3.________an old family friend Dan,4.________was once a patient of my father.He told me something about my father.5.________was my father that helped him go through depression.When Dan knew he got depression,he was very upset and wanted 6.________(give) up,but my father,his doctor,encouraged him to go on 7.________(fight) against depression.My father said to him,“You have 8.________wonderful life and three fine children.Take some time with them.It's family that we live for—not just ourselves.Think of that 9.________you will know life's worth the fight.” His words touched me,and I 10.________(sudden) realized that family are the most important in the world.I should spend more time staying with them.
答案:1.projects 2.needed 3.across 4.who 5.It 6.to give7.fighting 8.a9.and10.suddenly
高考英语介词专题复习 一﹑考点聚焦 1、介词的分类与语法功能 (1)介词是虚词,不能单独作句子成分,必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介词短语,在句中充当一个成分。 介词分为:简单介词,如at、in、for等;合成介词,如within、inside、onto、throughout 等;短语介词,如according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of等。双重介词,如from behind / above / under、until after等。 分词介词,如considering、including、judging(from / by) 等。 常见的介词宾语:名词、代词、动名词、从句、疑问词加不定式等。 (2)介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。 2、介词搭配 (1)“动词+介词”搭配:注意特定搭配与同一介词与多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。(2)常见“形容词+ 介词”搭配。 (3)“名词+ 介词”要注意习惯搭配和意义区分。 3、核心介词用法归纳与辨析 (1)表示时间的介词in的用法如下。 表示在某一较长时间内,如世纪、年、月、季、周等一般用介词in,还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组。 (2)在具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕,常用on。 (3)表示某一时刻或某一点时间用at,如小时、分钟等。 注意:有些时间名词前不接介词。如: next day、last Sunday、that morning、these years one、each、any、every、some、all修饰时,一般不用介词,如some day one day、yesterday / afternoon, the night before (4)till、until、to的用法。 ①till(until)与持续动词连用一般用于肯定句中,与短暂动词连用一般用在否定句中。 但注意:在句首出现或强调句型中一般不用till而用until。 ②to表“终结”时常用和from连用,但要注意不与from连用时的意义。 (5)in、after、later ①in + 一段时间:表示说话时为起点一段时间之后,与一般将来时连用;但表示“在……之内”时,用于各种时态。 ②一段时间+ later(later是副词):表示某一具体时间或某一方面具体时间算起的一段时间后。 ③after + 一段时间表示:“在……之后”,用于一般过去时;但时间为点时间时,只能用after,即after + 点时间,用于各种时态。 另外,in + 一段时间+ ’s + time 与within + 一段时间的用法如下: in a week’s time = in a week They will arrive in three days’ time.(与将来时连用) My brother’s birthday is in two weeks’ time.(作表语) I’ll finish the book within two weeks.(within = in less than…用于各种时态,不超出,在……之内) (6)地点介词at、on、in、to、across、through、over、under、below。 (7)表示方式、手段、工具的介词
2018年高考英语试题分类汇编单词短语辨析 1.【2018·北京】14. —Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office. —Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon. A. for B. on C. in D. at 【答案】A 【解析】考查介词。句意:——早上好,Lee先生办公室。——早上好。我想预约下周三下午(和Mr. Lee见面)。make an appointment for意为“为……预约”,是固定搭配,故A选项正确。 拓展:make an appointment with sb.和某人预约;make an appointment for为……预约。 2.【2018·天津】11. Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ___________. A. at first B. after all C. above all D. at random 【答案】B 拓展:本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析短语的能力。对于短语而言,没有捷径可言,只有老老实实的记忆。考生除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义,还需要重点关注他们用法上的区别。 3.【2018·天津】8. It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer. A. display B. acquire C. teach D. test 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display显示;B. acquire获得;C. teach教;D. test测试。故选B。 拓展:本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点,解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别,再联系句意进行判断,从而选出正确答案。 4.【2018·天津】6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配 一.相近介词和介词短语 1. With the help of 在~~帮助下 under the leadership / care of 在~~领导/关心下2. be strict with sb. 对~人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对~事要求严格 3. at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 暂时 4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下 under the sun 在世界上 5. lie in 位于~~之内 lie on 同~~接壤 lie to 位于~~之外 6. at least 至少 in the least 丝毫,一点 7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以~~名义 8. in the air 空中,在流传 on the air 播出 9. in the way 挡路,障碍,用~~方法 in a way 在某点上,在某种程度上 get one’s own way to do 随心所欲 give way 让步,屈服 lose one’s way 迷路 by the way 顺便说一下 on one’s way to 在去~~的路上 Come this way 这边走 10. at the corner 在拐角处(外角) in the corner 在角落里(内角) on the corner 在角落上(外角上) 11. judge by / from 根据~~来判断 judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断 12. at the end (of) 在~~结束时 at the beginning of 在~~开始时 at the back of 在~~背后,支持 at the age of ~~岁时 at the foot of 在~~脚下 at the bottom of 在~~底部 at the top of 在~~顶上 at/on the edge of 在~~边上
2015高考英语(江西专用) 一轮复习语法专项:介词与介词短语 考点一表进行意义的四类介词短语 1.at+名词 He was at dinner when I came. 我来时他正在吃饭。 She stayed at work when everybody else had gone home. 别人都回家了,她却还在工作。 类似的还有: at play在玩耍 at lunch在吃午饭 at rest在休息 at table在吃饭 at school在上学 at church在做礼拜 at peace在和平时期 at press在排印 有些结构可能带有冠词或物主代词: at one's meals在吃饭 at one's study在学习 at the piano在弹钢琴 at the end of...在……结束时 [考题印证] (2012·全国Ⅱ)100℃ is the temperature ________which water will boil. A.for B.at C.on D.of 解析:由于本句中的which指代上文的100℃,表示“在多少度”应用介词at。故选B项。 答案:B 2.in+名词 He's been in politics all his life. 他一生从政。 Her husband was in business. 她丈夫是经商的。 He looks tired.He is in need of a rest. 他看起来累了,需要休息一下。 类似的还有: in action在运转 in progress在进行中 in operation在运行中 有些结构可能带有冠词: in the course of...在……过程中 in the act of...正在做……时
英语高考介词选择题专题复习(含答案)9 学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________ 一、单项选择 1.What matters in life is working hard ________ hardly working. A.as well as B.less than C.rather than D.other than 2.Mary and I see each other ________,but not as often as we used to. A.sooner or later B.every now and then C.in the end D.more or less 3.-Did you tell him that we’ve put off the meeting? -No. He rushed out ________ I could say anything. A.since B.after C.before D.unless 4.I don’t want to waste time arguing________ you________ this matter. Please do what you are told. A.with;for B.with;about C.about;over D.over;with 5.Nearly 730 million trips were made by Chinese travelers within China over the 2018 National Day holiday, ______ cheaper tickets and high-quality travel services. A.regardless of B.thanks to C.but for D.rather than 6.Previous problems or bad experiences with test-taking can be an invitation _____ a worse performance in the next test. A.with B.in C.beyond D.to 7.Modern zoos should shoulder more social responsibility _______ social progress and awareness of the public. A.in light of B.in favor of C.in honor of D.in praise of 8.During the Second World War, a young villager saved Thomas at the risk of losing his life. , Thomas set up a primary school named him
必背02 高考常考动词短语1.add up to加起来是……;表示 add to增加;加入,加到 add...to...把……加到……上 add up加起来 add that...补充说…… 2.can’t bear doing/to do sth.不能忍受做某事 can’t bear sb./sb.’s doing/to do sth.不能忍受某人做某事bear a heavy burden肩负重担 bear responsibility/the blame承担责任/受责备 3.break out爆发 break in打断;破门而入 break into闯入;强行闯入 break away from脱离 break down (机器、车辆)出毛病;摧毁;分解 break through突破 break off折断;中断;突然停止 break up解散;破碎 4.bring up培养;抚养;教育;提出;呕吐 bring about引起;产生;导致;带来 bring sth. back归还;使想起某事 bring down带下,运下,搬下;使倒下;使倒台;使降低 bring in引入;赚(钱) 5.call on拜访(某人);号召 call at停靠;(短时间)访问 call for需要;要求;邀请;提倡 call in召集;召来 call up给……打电话;召集;使想起 6.come along跟着来;快点 come out出来;出版
come true实现 come back to life苏醒过来 come to the point说到要点,触及问题实质 come about发生,造成 come across偶遇 come to light为人所知,显露 come up走近;上升;被提出 come on快点;开始 come over过来 come up with提出;想出 7.come into use开始被使用 come into sight/view出现在眼前;映入眼帘 come into power/office就职,上台执政 come into existence开始存在;形成 come into effect/force/operation开始生效/执行/实施8.cut down削减;砍倒 cut in插嘴;超车;插入 cut up切碎;抨击 cut out删除 cut through刺穿;抄近路走过 cut off切断;中断;使死亡 9.die out灭亡;逐渐消失 die away (声音、光线等)逐渐消失 die of/from因……而死 die down减弱;平息 die off相继死亡 be dying for很想要;渴望 be dying to do sth.极想做某事 10.come to an end结束 put/bring sth.to an end结束……
■ 常见短语全接触 ●以动词为中心的24组短语 1.break短语 break away(from)脱离,逃离,挣脱(束缚) break down (机器)损坏,不能运转;(关系等)终止;失败break in 闯入,强行进入(in为副词,后不接宾语) break into 闯入,强行进入 break off 折断,中断 break out (战争、火灾等)突然爆发 break through 冲破,突破 break up 碎裂,分裂;(关系)破裂;分解 2.bring短语 bring about 导致,引起,促使 bring back 带回,使回忆,使恢复 bring down 使下降,打垮,击落 bring forward 提出;提前 bring in 把……带进来;引进;挣得(收入) bring on 导致,引起,使发展 bring out 显示,使显现,出版 bring up 养育,抚养;呕吐
bring...back to life 使……复活 bring...to life 使……复活,赐予……生命bring...to light 使……显露出来 3.call短语 call at 访问(后接some place) call for 要求,呼吁,需要 call in 召集,收集;下令收回 call off 取消,下令停止 call on/upon 拜访,访问(后接sb);号召 call sb’s names 谩骂某人 call up 号召;打电话给……;使想起 4.carry短语 carry off 赢得;不费劲地处理 carry on 继续下去;继续开展 carry on with sth/doing sth 继续(做)某事,坚持(做)某事 carry out 贯彻,执行,实施 carry through 坚持到底,进行到底;履行(承诺) https://www.doczj.com/doc/8d7181895.html,e短语 come about 发生,产生 come across 偶然遇见,偶尔发现
高考英语介词知识点知识点总复习 一、选择题 1.The tiger, once a ____ animal to humans, is now ____of disappearing on the earth. A.dangerous; danger B.in danger; in danger C.dangerous; in danger D.danger; in danger 2.Many video websites announce that viewers can watch shows and movies for free ________ watching advertising. A.in spite of B.on behalf of C.with the purpose of D.in exchange for 3.Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃ ______ the average. A.below B.above C.about D.on 4.As is known to all, the law requires equal treatment for all, ________ race, religion, or gender. A.in spite of B.in terms of C.regardless of D.in virtue of 5.________ its health benefits, dancing is a fun way to release positive energy and make society more pleasant. A.As a result of B.In view of C.In terms of D.In addition to 6.We students should work hard and ________, we must believe in ourselves. A.in all B.above all C.after all D.at all 7.China’s year-on-year growth in consumer price index ________ an almost eight-year high at 4.5 percent in November ________ higher prices of pork and other meat said the National Bureau of Statistics on Tuesday. A.hit; but for B.beat; due to C.beat; but for D.hit; due to 8.This poem describes the painful feelings of a man in love with someone who does not love him ______. A.in turn B.in return C.for return D.for turn 9.Exercise is the key ______ your health. A.to improve B.to improving C.in improving D.of improving 10.We had to break _______ our house after our vacation because we had lost the key on our way back home. A.in B.out C.down D.into 11.The food in this restaurant is good and the same is true_________ the service. A.about B.of C.over D.at 12.The introduction ________ the book roughly talks about whether the introduction ________ independent taxation does good to local finances or not. A.to…to B.of…to C.to…of D.of…in 13.He gave me an apple _____ a cake. A.by means of B.in place of C.with regard to D.in exchange for 14.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature. A.in view of B.in need of C.in touch with D.in harmony with 15.—What makes a good teacher?
. 2018高考英语必备短语大全 live on 继续存在,继续生存 by means of … 用……办法,借助…… make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 keep up 坚持,维持,沿袭(风俗、传统等) back to back 背靠背 team up with 与……合作或一起工作 mark out 画线,标出……界线 take in 包括,吸收 a great/good many 许多,很多 apply for 申请,请示得到 pay off 得到好结果,取得成功,偿清 cast down 沮丧,不愉快 in favour of 赞成,支持 (be) bound to (do)… 一定或注定(做)…… strike …into one ‘s heart 使……刻骨铭心 bring back to life 使复生,使复活 in vain 白费力气,枉费心机 in good/pool condition 状况很好(坏) (坏) ring up 给……打电话 now and then 偶尔,有时 set about 开始,着手 dive into 迅速把手伸入,一心投入 set out (to do) 开始(做) hang on 不挂断,稍等,紧紧握住 out of order 次序颠倒,发生故障 get through 设法联系上(设法)做完,通过 ring back 回复电话 ring off 挂断电话 make one ’s acquaintance 结识,与……相见 generally speaking 一般来说 in terms of … 就……来说,从……角度 show …in 带或领……进来 once more 再一次 in need of 需要…… regardless of 不管,不顾 at most 至多,最多 cut up 切碎 fed up with 受够了,饱受,厌烦 look ahead 向前看,为将来打算 date back 追溯到….. in other words 换句话说 adapt to 适合 cut out 切去,省略,停止(做某事) out of breath 上气不接下气 all in all 总而言之 sit around 闲坐着 as well as 和,也 in many ways 在很多方面 make fun of 取笑 never mind 不必担心 all the best (口语)(祝你)一切顺利 meet with 遇到,经历,会晤 test out 试验,考验 ring up 给……打电话 turn around 转向,回转 leave …alone 不管,别惹,让……一个人待着 set aside 将……放在一边,为……节省(钱或时间)
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配一.相近介词和介词短语 1. With the help of 在~~帮助下 under the leadership / care of 在~~领导/关心下2. be strict with sb. 对~人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对~事要求严格 3. at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 暂时 4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下 under the sun 在世界上 5. lie in 位于~~之内 lie on 同~~接壤 lie to 位于~~之外 6. at least 至少 in the least 丝毫,一点 7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以~~名义 8. in the air 空中,在流传 on the air 播出 9. in the way 挡路,障碍,用~~方法 in a way 在某点上,在某种程度上 get one’s own way to do 随心所欲 give way 让步,屈服 lose one’s way 迷路 by the way 顺便说一下
on one’s way to 在去~~的路上 Come this way 这边走 10. at the corner 在拐角处(外角) in the corner 在角落里(内角) on the corner 在角落上(外角上) 11. judge by / from 根据~~来判断 judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断 12. at the end (of) 在~~结束时 at the beginning of 在~~开始时 at the back of 在~~背后,支持 at the age of ~~岁时 at the foot of 在~~脚下 at the bottom of 在~~底部 at the top of 在~~顶上 at/on the edge of 在~~边上 13. in the course of 在~~过程中 in the eyes of 从~~观点看来,在~~眼里 in the face of 面对~~,尽管,纵使 in the middle of 在~~中间 in the end =at last=finally 最后 14. on the eve of 在~~前夕 on the side of 在~~一边 15. after a time = after some time 过一段时间后for a time = for some time 一时,有一段时间
学员编号:年级:高三课时数: 学员姓名:辅导科目:英语学科教师: 授课类型T C介词T 教学目标使学生清楚高考常考介词的陷阱和解题技巧 星级★★★★ 授课日期及时段 教学内容 C-专题 (建议5分钟) 刘大认字 从前,一个姓刘的员外有个儿子叫刘大,是个大草包,斗大的字认不得一提篮,凭着刘员外的关系用钱买了个举人。他为了装出一副有学问的样子,整天拿着书本在门口装模作样地翻看。 有一天,穷秀才张云路故意为难他,对他说:“刘举人,我有一字不认得,又没有字典,特地来请教你。” 刘大假装斯文地问道:“怎么写的呀?” 张秀才说:“一个人字上面加一横。” 刘大不认得这个字,却装腔作势地说:“你先等一会儿,让我去查一下就来告诉你。” 走进家去问刘员外,刘员外告诉他:“别人都叫你刘大,刘大的大字就是这样写的。” 刘大出来按员外的话说了一遍。 张秀才又问:“大字下面加一点,这个字我也不认识。” 刘大说:“关于这个字嘛,我也得去查一查。”
问了出来,大声说:“你们都喊我妈太太,这就是太太的太字。” 张秀才又问道:“太字的一点拿起来放在右肩上,又念什么呢?” 刘大想,我家一共三口人,起初问我自己,其次问我老娘,这一次定是问我老爹的。哼!穷秀才,你明明认得,却来难我,好在人们面前显出你比我有学问,妄想!于是他很有把握地说:“你这个人真迂腐,大家都知道,我管我父亲喊爹,这就是我爹的爹字嘛!” 批注:笑话用“从前”开头,给人一个模糊的时间,而且谁也不去追究,这是讲故事常用的手法。“从前”是什么词?“前”为方位名词,那“从”是什么词呢?这就是我们现在要学的介词。 (建议20分钟) 一、介词的定义及分类 介词(是preposition,简称prep.),又称前置词,是英语中最活跃的词类之一,连接主语和表语。特别是一些常用介词的搭配力特别强,可以用来表示各种不同的意思。英语里大部分习语都是由介词和其他词构成的。介词在句中一般不重读。在定语从句“介词+whom/which”的结构中,不能用that 代替whom/which(不能是who)。She is a good student from whom we should learn. 介词的种类:介词分简单介词和短语介词两种,简单介词及单个介词,如in ,under ,on ,for ,after ,等,短语介词指多个单词构成的介词,如in front of ,out of ,instead of ,far from ,apart from 等。
高考冲刺必备 高考常用动词短语搭配1.动词+about speak/talk about谈论 think about思考 care about关心,对...有兴趣bring about引起,使发生 set about 着手,开始 come about发生 hear about听说 worry about为...担心 2.动词+away throw away 扔掉 blow away吹走 carry away拿走,使入迷clear away清除掉,消散 die away逐渐消失 pass away 去世 wash away冲走 take away拿走 put away收拾起来,存起来give away背弃,泄露 wear away磨掉,消耗 break away摆脱 send away让走开 turn away把...打发走 3.动词+back keep back隐瞒,忍住 hold back控制住 call back回电话 look back回顾 give back归还 take back拿回,收回 4.动词+for run for竞选 ask for要求得到 wait for等候 long for渴望 care for关心,喜欢 search for查找 call for要求,需要 change for用...换 apply for申请 seek for寻找 stand for代表,表示 hope/wish for希望得到beg for乞求 look for寻找 hunt for寻找 charge for收费,要价 take for误以为...是 come for来拿,来取 5.动词+down break down 出毛病,分解,拆开 bring down 使下降,使倒下 burn down 烧毁 calm down平静下来 come down 下跌,落,降,传下 cut down 削减,砍倒 die down (炉火)渐熄 fall down 掉下,跌倒 get down to do 致力于,专心于 get down 下来,记下,使沮丧 go down 下沉,降低 hand down 传给,流传 hold down 控制,镇压 knock down 撞倒 look down upon 瞧不起 pass down 传下来 pass down…to 传给 pull down 往下拉,拆毁 put down 记下,写下,平息 set down 放下 settle down 安家 slow down慢下来 take down 记录,写下 tear down 拆除 turn down 调小,拒绝 6.动词+at come at 向...袭击 run at冲向,向...攻击 tear at用力撕 stare at凝视 glance at匆匆一瞥 knock at敲门,窗等 smile at冲某人笑 aim at向...瞄准 wonder at惊讶 shout at冲某人嚷嚷 work at干...活动研究 look at看,注视 glare at怒视 laugh at嘲笑 point at指向 strike at向...打击 shoot at向...射击 call at拜访地点 7.动词+from differ from与...不同 suffer from受...苦 hear from收到...来信 die from因...而死 keep/stop/prevent from不让...做 learn from向...学习 date from始于...时候 result from由于 separate from把...分离开 8.动词+of think of想到 consist of由...组成 approve of赞成 talk of谈到 complain of抱怨 dream of梦到 speak of 读到 die of死于 hear of听说 become of发生...情况,怎么啦 9.动词+off start off出发 set off出发 leave off''中断 show off炫耀 get off下车 see off送行 put off延期,推迟 cut off切断,断绝 keep off避开,勿走近 knock off把...撞落 pay off还清 get off脱下衣服等 trun/switch off关掉 take off脱下,起飞 ring off挂断电话 come off脱掉,褪色 fall off跌落,掉下 go off走开,消失,坏了 break off打断 carry off携走,带走 give off散发出 10.动词+on
高考英语完形填空必考点:介词短语解析高考冲刺超强正反背诵(按小词和易混词汇记忆) 按小词(介词、副词)记忆 l.动词+about speak/talk about 谈论think about 思考 care about 关心,对……有兴趣bring about 引起,使发生 set about 着手,开始come about 发生 h ear about 听说worry about 为……担心 2.动词+away throw away 扔掉blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走,使入迷clear away 清除掉,消散 die away 逐渐消失,减弱pass away 去世 wash away 冲走take away 拿走,使消失 put away 收拾起来,存起来give away 背弃,泄漏,赠送 wear away 磨掉,消耗break away 摆脱 send away 让走开turn away 把……打发走 3.动词+back keep back 隐瞒,忍住look back(on) 回顾 hold back 控制住give back 归还 call back 回电话take back 拿回,收回 4.动词+for run for 竞选ask for 要求得到 wait for 等候stand for 代表,表示 long for 渴望hope/wish for 希望得到 care for 关心,喜欢beg for 乞求 search for 查找look for 寻找 call for 需要,要求hunt for 寻找 change…for 用……换charge…for 收费,要价 apply for 申请take…for 误以为……是 seek for 寻找come for 来拿,来取 5.动词+down burn down 烧毁break down 坏了,垮了,分解 take down 记下,记录turn down 调小,拒绝 cut down 削减,砍倒slow down 慢下来 pass down 传下来put down 记下,写下,镇压 calm down 平静下来bring down 使……降低,使倒下 settle down 安家come down 下落,传下
2012届高考一轮复习语法专项十六:介词介词又叫前置词,是一种虚词。介词分为三种,一种是简单介词,如at, in, on, beside, to , for等;另一种是短语介词,即由两个以上的词组组成的短语,如in front of, because of, out of, instead of等;还有一种叫二重介词,如until after, from behind等。 (一)介词的句法功能 介词不能独立在句中做成份,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份,表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。 1、作定语:The book on the table is mine. 2、作状语:We have breakfast at seven.(表时间);They were late for meeting because of the heavy rain.(表原因);They started the machine by pressing the button.(表方法) 3、作表语:My dictionary is in the bag. 4、作宾语补足语:I found him in the office. (二)主要介词区别 1、表示时间的at, in, on:at表示片刻的时间,如:at 8 o’clock ,常用词组有:at noon, at night, at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year等。in表示一段的时间,如:in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future等。on总是跟日子有关,on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning等。 2、表示时间的since和from:since表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程,常与现在完成时连用。from表示从时间的某一点开始,不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如:I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995. 3、表示时间的in和after:两者都表示“在(某个时间)之后,区别在于in表示“在(一段时间)之后”,而after则表示“在(某一具体时间点之后)”,in短语和将来时态连用,after 短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。如:We’ll be back in three days./ After seven the rain began to fall./ What shall we do after graduation? 注意:after有时也可以表示在一段时间之后(常用在过去时里)。如:After two months he returned. 4、表示地理位置的in, on, to:in表示在某范围内,on指与什么毗邻,to指在某环境范
2018高考英语必备短语
2018高考英语必备短语大全 live on 继续存在,继续生存 by means of…用……办法,借助…… make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 keep up 坚持,维持,沿袭(风俗、传统等) back to back 背靠背 team up with 与……合作或一起工作 mark out 画线,标出……界线 take in 包括,吸收 a great/good many 许多,很多 apply for 申请,请示得到 pay off 得到好结果,取得成功,偿清 cast down 沮丧,不愉快 in favour of 赞成,支持 (be) bound to (do)…一定或注定(做)…… strike…into one‘s heart 使……刻骨铭心 bring back to life 使复生,使复活 in vain 白费力气,枉费心机 in good/pool condition 状况很好(坏) (坏) ring up 给……打电话 now and then 偶尔,有时 set about 开始,着手 dive into 迅速把手伸入,一心投入 set out (to do) 开始(做) hang on 不挂断,稍等,紧紧握住 out of order 次序颠倒,发生故障 get through 设法联系上(设法)做完,通过 ring back 回复电话 ring off 挂断电话 make one’s acquaintance 结识,与……相见 generally speaking 一般来说 in terms of…就……来说,从……角度 show…in 带或领……进来 once more 再一次 in need of 需要…… regardless of 不管,不顾 at most 至多,最多 cut up 切碎 fed up with 受够了,饱受,厌烦 look ahead 向前看,为将来打算 date back 追溯到….. in other words 换句话说 adapt to 适合 cut out 切去,省略,停止(做某事) out of breath 上气不接下气 all in all 总而言之 sit around 闲坐着