大学英语四级考试（CET 4）
试题册
Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Associations on Campus. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
1.社团活动成为大学生活中不可缺少的一部分
2.学生为什么热衷参加社团
3.我的看法
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8 to10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Labor Force
The labor force is the part of a nation's population that works for pay or that is looking for a paying job. In 1800, the United States had about 2 million people in its labor force. Most of them worked on farms, most of whom were men. In 1993, about 130 million Americans were in the labor force. 96 million workers were found in large cities, 46 percent of whom were women.
New Kinds of Jobs
In the twentieth century, the U. S. labor force has undergone many changes. One of the most significant of these changes is in the decline in the number of blue-collar jobs and the rise in the number of white-collar jobs. A blue-collar job involves manual or outdoor labor. Blue-collar workers include factory assemblers and welders; carpenters, plumbers (水暖工), mechanics, and painters, construction workers, and truck drivers. The future will see a even more declining need for blue-collar workers. Some of their jobs will be taken over by advanced automated and computerized machinery that can do certain blue-collar jobs more quickly and efficiently than people can.
In contrast, a white-collar job involves work that is not chiefly manual. For example, white-collar workers include accountants, engineers, teachers, lawyers, and sales personnel. In 1900, white-collar workers made up about 20 percent of the labor force; today, 67 percent of all American wage earners hold white-collar jobs. Advances in computer technology have Created many new white-collar jobs, such as those in programming and information processing. These changes will continue to dramatically change the nature of existing jobs.
The Rise of Women in the Labor Force
Until 1940, the opportunities for women to hold jobs were limited. Prejudice and discrimination (歧视) against women forced many of them to find employment as teachers, nurses, and secretaries. In 1940, women held only 25 percent of the jobs.
World War II, 1941 through 1945 brought about many changes in the labor force. Men were drafted to serve in the armed forces of the United States. At the same time, the country needed labor to keep factories running at full production to support the war effort. As a result, women were suddenly needed and hired even though they had been previously excluded from such jobs. Women not only repaired airplanes and land vehicles, but they also drove trucks, operated radios and machinery, and did clerical work.
During the war years, the percentage of women in the labor force rose from 25 percent to 35 percent. Married women, many of whose husbands were in the armed forces, made up the greatest number of new women workers. In 1940, fewer than half of working women were single, but by 1945a majority of women workers were married. By the end of the war, one out of
every three workers in industry and business was a woman.
The Postwar Years
After the war, the men who returned from the armed forces went back to the same jobs they had held prior to the war. As a result, many women lost their wartime jobs. However, not all the women who had held jobs for the first time returned to their former roles as homemakers. Women had proved they could do these jobs well. As a result, the traditional barriers against the employment of women in such industries as steel and shipbuilding started to disappear. As the postwar prosperity continued, new positions became available for the returning men and for the many women workers now in the labor force.
Many women found that they enjoyed not only employment outside their homes but also the benefits of paying jobs. Many women were beginning to see work as a permanent part of their lives. By earning their own income, they became less dependent and more self-sufficient. Their independence gave them new choices and made them aware of a wider range of roles available to them.
The economic prosperity that followed the war also enabled many young couples to purchase houses. Many began raising families. Some women chose to stay at home to raise their Children, while their husbands went to work. As a result, the percentage of women workers declined after the war, but it never went as low as it was in 1940.
The 1960s to the 1990s
The 1960s saw the beginning of many social changes in the United States, some of which were brought about by the women's liberation movement. Many women became keenly aware that they were often paid less than men for doing the same kind of work and that they were not promoted as easily or quickly as men. They also found that discrimination in jobs and in education still existed.
As a result of women's protests, equal opportunity laws were passed that made discrimi- nation against women in jobs and education illegal. This legislation opened up to women many business and professional positions that had previously been closed to them.
The 1970s were troubled by ongoing inflation. For many couples, the high standard of living combined with the high cost of living, made it necessary for both the husband and wife to hold paying jobs. The two-income family became a way of life that continues today. Many divorced, separated, or widowed women also entered the labor force in the 1970s.
The 1980s brought more changes. Many businesses were not able to survive the recession of that period. Many manufacturing industries, such as the auto, steel, textile, and clothing industries, suffered at the hands of increased competition from foreign countries. As a result, many plants and factories closed; the number of available jobs-sharply declined. Because of the recession more mothers of young children entered the labor force: In general, families in the 1970s, '80s, and '90s have had fewer children than families of earlier generations. There has therefore been less need for women to stay at home for many years to care for young children, and more married women have been free to join the job market.
Coupled with the trend toward two-income families, the labor force participation of married women with young children has risen dramatically since the 1970s. About 19 percent of mothers with children below age 6 were employed in 1970. In 1993, About 60 percent were employed.
A Changing Labor Force
Shifts from blue-collar to white-collar jobs and the increase in the number of working women continue to affect the labor force. These trends are altering the relationship between workers and their work, and people require new skills and training in all fields of employment. Nevertheless, today's (1990s) workers whether blue-collar or white-collar, male or female earn higher wages, work shorter hours, and receive more extra benefits than workers prior to the 1940s.
1. In 1993, women held ______ percent of the paying jobs in the United States.
A) 2 B) 13 C) 46 D) not mentioned in the passage
2. The application of _________ will result in loss of some blue-collar jobs.
A) advanced automated and computerized machinery
B) computers
C) machineries
D) robots
3. During World War II, some jobs which previously excluded women were ___________.
A) open to women B) still excluded women
C) excluded men D) exclude men and open to women
4. Due to the development of postwar economy, many new jobs were created for __________.
A) the returning men from the armed forces
B) the women who had already begun their career during wartime.
C) the women who traditionally stayed at home as housewives.
D) both A and B.
5. __________ realized they suffered inequality in jobs and education in the 1960s.
A) few women B) many women C) a few women D) none
6. Most of the mothers entered the labor force again in the _______.
A) 1980s B) 1990s C) 1970s D) 1960s
7. The passage mainly illustrates trends in the US labor force during _________.
A) 1940s and 1960s B) 1960s and 1990s
C) 1970s and 1990s D) 1940s and 1990s
8. In the 1970s, the high standard and cost of living contributed to the emergence of_______.
9. In 1980s, many manufacturing industries were increasingly confronted with______.
10. Compared with the workers before 1940s, workers in the 1990s earn more, work shorter
hours, and are given_______.
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
11. A) He will change his attitude toward her.
B) He won’t revenge himself on her.
C) He has done her wrong by accident.
D) He hasn’t been hard on the woman.
12. A) It culturally links the United States and China.
B) It’s one of the most translated short novels.
C) It’s a best-selling romance in America.
D) Its author became popular for his language talent.
13. A) The man could tell fake money from the real just by looking at them.
B) The man was overcharging the woman for repairing her machine.
C) The woman made big money so she didn’t care how much the bill was.
D) The woman didn’t realize the money she gave the man was not real.
14. A) In Chicago. B) In Boston.
C) In Washington. D) In Manchester.
15. A) A guest and a receptionist. B) A passenger and an air hostess.
C) A customer and a shop assistant. D) A lodger and a land lady.
16. A) He doesn’t want Jenny to get into trouble.
B) He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.
C) He thinks Jenny’s workload too heavy at college.
D) He believes most college students are running wild.
17. A) The actors were enthusiastic. B) It was just terrible.
C) It was applaudable. D) The plot was funny enough.
18. A) He has been back in Canada for weeks.
B) He is studying French in Canada.
C) He is having a vacation in Canada.
D) He is planning to return to Canada in a year..
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19.A) To return some business books.
B) To apply for a new library card.
C) To check out some books from the library.
D) To find out where the art books are located.
20. A) The woman thinks he has an overdue book.
B) The books he needs have been checked out by someone else.
C) The woman is unable to locate the books that he needs.
D) A library notice was sent to him at his previous address.
21. A) The man has mistakenly received someone else’s books.
B) The man changed his major from art to business.
C) The man recently moved off campus.
D) There are two students named Richard Smith.
22. A) See if he is related to any of the students. B) Apply for a job as a library assistant.
C) Use his middle name. D) Use a different library.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23. A) To make an appointment. B) To ask for an interview.
C) To promote advertisements. D) To have a negotiation.
24. A) Impatient but then reluctant. B) Indifferent but then interested.
C) Reluctant but then convinced. D) Impatient but then accepted.
25. A) Some customers have got their payment back as they’re not satisfied with the products.
B) The company will refine the products again and again until the customers are satisfied.
C) The company does not sign a contract with its customers concerning its service.
D) The man will use the company’s service when he has a new product.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some question. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. A) The city is too crowded. B) It is a very attractive place.
C) The streets are too narrow. D) The students there lead a comfortable life.
27. A) Watching traditional plays. B) Visiting the magnificent libraries.
C) Boating on the river. D) Cycling on narrow streets.
28. A) There are many visitors there. B) There are many students there.
C) There are many old streets there. D) There are many bicycles there.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. A) He is a sportsman. B) He is a photographer.
C) He is an actor. D) He is a publisher.
30. A) He was good at writing about interesting people.
B) It was much easier to write stories about people.
C) He believed that people are always eager to learn about other people.
D) He thought people played an important role in world events.
31. A) Business people. B) Journalists.
C) Sport fans. D) Celebrities.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. A) In the first semester. B) In the second semester.
C) In the third semester. D) In the fourth semester.
33. A) She is ill. B) She is too old.
C) Her husband wants her to. D) Her husband is ill.
34. A) His girlfriend. B) His mother.
C) His cousin. D) His teacher.
35. A) He has decided to continue his study. B) He has still to take a part time job.
C) He has decided to give up his job. D) He has still to make a decision.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
Department stores are large retail stores selling many different kinds of merchandise arranged in separate departments. Such stores are found in nearly every important city in the world, and the large department stores often (36) _________ more than 100 separate departments. The two major (37) _________ of merchandise sold in department stores are clothes and home (38) _________.
The organization of a modern department is often (39) _________ because of the large number of goods and services provided. Typically, the operation of a store is conducted through five (40) _________ divisions. There is the merchandising division, which is (41) _________ for the buying and pricing of merchandise. Then there is the sales (42) _________ division, which controls advertising, display, public relations, and other related matters. Of cause, there is the (43) _________, which supervises employment and the training and welfare of employees. Next, (44) ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________.
Finally, there is the finance and control division, which deals with accounting, customer credit, expense control, and other financial and budgetary matters. Within these five divisions are many subdivisions. (45) _____________________________ ___________________________________________________. Nowadays another kind of store that provides such service is a mall or a plaza. A mall is a group of stores built as a unit with on-site parking. (46) ______________________________ ____________________________________________. Large mall may also contain such places as hotels, restaurants, libraries, bank, post offices, medical clinics, theatres, and parks.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A
Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
With 950 million people, India ranks second to China among the most populous countries. But since China launched a family planning program in 1971, India has been (47) the gap. Indians have reduced their birth rate but not nearly as much as the Chinese have. If current growth rates continue, India's population will (48) China's around the year 2028 at about 1.7 billion.
Should that happen, it won't be the (49) of the enlightened women of Kerala, a state in southern India. While India as a whole adds almost 20 million people a year, Kerala's population is virtually (50) .The reason is no (51) , nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control, compared with about 40% in the entire nation.
The difference lies in the emphasis put on health programs, including birth control, by the state authorities. And an educational tradition and matrilineal (母系的) customs in parts of Kernia help girls and boys get (52) good schooling. While one in three Indian women is (53) , 90% of those in Kerala can read and write.
Higher literacy rates (54) family planning. "Unlike our Parents, we know that we can do more for our children if we have fewer of them," says Leila Cherian, 33, who lives in the village of Kudamaloor. She has limited herself to three children -one below the (55) average of four. That kind of restraint (抑制，克制）will keep Kerala from putting added (56) on world food supplies.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
The word conservation has a thrifty meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were "limitless" and "inexhaustible". Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in living body, an .unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.
Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new
idea; timber was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-term climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word "conservation" had nothing of the meaning that it has of us today.
For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyone's daily life. To know about the Water table in the ground is just as important to us as knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds(流域)need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of man's fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.
57. According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that____.
A) they had no idea of scientific forestry
B) they were not aware of the significance of nature study
C) they had little or no sense of environmental protection
D) they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials
58. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that earlier generation didn't realize___.
A) the importance of the proper use of land
B) the interdependence of water, soil, and living things
C) the value of the beauty of nature
D) the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floods
59. To avoid the mistakes of our forefathers, the author suggests that_____.
A) we plant more trees
B) we return to nature .
C) natural sciences be taught to everybody
D) environmental education should be directed to everyone
60. What does the author imply by saying "living space.., is figured.., also in cubic volume
above the earth" in Para. 3?
A) We need to take some measures to protect space.
B) We must preserve good living conditions for both birds and land animals.
C) Our living space should be measured in cubic volume.
D) Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smaller.
61. They author's attitude towards the current situation in the exploitation of natural resources is
______
A) critical B)neutral C) positive D) suspicious
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Culture is the sum total of all the tradition, customs, beliefs, and ways to life of a given group of human being. In this sense, every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologists, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy (等级、制度) among languages.
People once thought of the languages of backward groups as savage, undeveloped forms of speech, consisted largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of "backward" languages that no spoken tongue answers the description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the transfer of ideas. They fall behind our western language not in their sound patterns or grammatical structure, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which reflect the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however, two things are to be noted: 1. All languages seem to possess the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in "backward" languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly numerous and complicated. A western language distinguished merely between two degrees of remoteness ("this" and "that") some languages of the American Indians distinguish between what is close to the speaker, or to the person addressed, or removed from both, or out of sight, or in the past, or in the future.
This study of language, in turn casts a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all cultures are to be viewed independently, and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.
62. The language of uncivilized groups as compared to western language is limited in____.
A) vocabularies
B) grammatical structures
C) sound patterns
D) rank and hierarchy
63. The statement that "every group has a culture" grows out of the author's_____.
A) bias in regard to civilized human
B) philosophy
C) feeling about human beings
D) definition of culture
64. According to the author, anthropologists would have all culture viewed_____.
A) comparatively
B) independently
C) intrinsically
D) hierarchically
65. According to the author, languages whether "civilized or not" have_____.
A) the same way to transfer ideas
B) the potential for increasing sound patterns
C) the potential for expanding vocabulary
D) the same grammatical structures
66. Which of the following is implied but not stated in the passage?
A) The study of language is the same as the study of anthropology.
B) The study of language has reinforced anthropologists in their view that there are no
hierarchies among cultures.
C) The study of language discredited the anthropological studies.
D) The study of language casts a new light upon the claims of anthropologists.
Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single line through the centre.
Part ⅥTranslation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentence by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87.The traditional approach ____________________________（处理复杂问题）is to break them
down into more easily managed thing.
88.The price of each bottle of beer _______________________________（从30美分到2美元不
等）during the summer season..
89.He wears a pair of sunglasses_________________________________（惟恐被别人认出来）.
90.Your losses in trade this year are nothing______________________________(与我的相比).
91.By contrast, American mother were more likely ________________________________ (把
孩子的成功归因于)natural talent.
Key for reference:
Part 1 作文：(见范文)
Associations on Campus
Nowadays, there are various associations on campus, with associations activities being an indispensable part of college students’ life.
Associations do have many advantages which hold appeal for college students. Firstly, associations activities can enrich college students’ life. Whatever they are interested in, they can find relevant associations, such as calligraphy associations or painting associations to take part in. Secondly, they can get acquainted with many friends with similar interests in associations. Just as the saying goes: Birds of a feather flock together. They may become good friends. Thirdly, the experience gained in associations may pave the way for their upcoming career development. Take a friend of mine as an example: since she was a pupil, she has set her mind to be a journalist. She joined the photography association of the university and the skills as well as experience she gained there are of great help for her later job-hunting. Finally her dream came true.
In my opinion, association is to college students what salt is to food. They can not only add flavor to our college life, but may also provide us a passport to a bright future.
Part 2 快速阅读
(1-7) DAADBCD
8.the two-income families
9. competition from foreign countries.
10.extra benefits.
Part 3 听力
Section A
(11-15) BCDDB (16-20) BCBCA (21-25) DCCBB
Section B
(26-30) BCDDC (31-35) CCACD
Section C
(36) contain (37) categories (38) furnishing (39) complex
(40) principal (42) promotion (43) personnel
(44) there is the operations division, responsible for customer and selling services, for deliveries,
and for the receiving and maintenance of merchandise
(45) The heads or managers of the five principal divisions are responsible to the general manager
(46) Some malls are enclosed so that people can shop comfortably in any kind of weather
Part 4 阅读（Reading in Depth）
Section A
(47-51) G H E A L(52-56) I C K M D
Section B
(57-61) CBDBA(62－66) ADBCB
Part 5 完型
(67-76) BCDBC ADADB (77-86) ADBCD ACCCB
Part 6 翻译
87. to dealing with complex problems
88. ranges/varies from 30 cents to 2$/2 dollars
89. for fear that he should be recognized/in case he be recognized.
90. compared with mine/ in comparison with mine/when compared with mine.
91. to attribute their children’s success to