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Sample Technical Manual_Operation Instruction

AI-518 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INDUSTRIAL CONTROLLER

Operation Instruction

Ver. 7.0

(Applicable for accurate controls of temperature, pressure, flow, level, humidity etc.)

CONTENTS

1.SUMMARY (1)

1.1 M AIN F EATURES (1)

1.2 O RDERING C ODE D EFINITION (1)

1.3 M ODULES (3)

1.3.1 Slots of modules (3)

1.3.2 Commonly used modules: (3)

1.3.3 Installation and replacement of modules (4)

1.3.4 Electric isolation of the modules (4)

1.3.5 Further descriptions about module applications (4)

1.4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (5)

1.5 R EAR T ERMINAL L AYOUT AND W IRING (6)

2.DISPLAYS AND OPERATIONS (9)

2.1 F RONT P ANEL D ESCRIPTION (9)

2.2 P ARAMETER S ETTING F LOW C HART (9)

2.3 O PERATION D ESCRIPTION (9)

2.3.1 Set Value Setting (9)

2.3.2 Parameter Setting (10)

2.3.3 Auto Tuning (10)

4.PARAMETERS AND SETTINGS (11)

3.1 P ARAMETER L OCK (L OC) AND F IELD P ARAMETERS (11)

3.2 T HE E NTIRE P ARAMETER T ABLE (12)

3.3 A DDITIONAL R EMARKS OF S PECIAL F UNCTIONS (17)

3.3.1 Single-phase phase-shift trigger output (17)

3.3.2 Alarm blocking at the beginning of power on (17)

3.3.3 Setpoints switch (17)

3.3.4 Communication function (17)

3.3.5 Temperature retransmitter / set current output (17)

1. SUMMARY

1.1 Main Features

●Adopt digital calibration technology for input measurement with input measurement accuracy 0.3% F.S., non-linear

calibration tables for standard thermocouples and RTDs are available in the instrument.

●Adopt advanced AI artificial intelligence control a lgorithm, no overshoot and with the function of auto tuning and

self-adaptation.

●Adopt advanced modular structure, conveniently providing plentiful output options, can satisfy the requirements of

various applications, and make quick delivery and conveniences the maintenance of the instrument.

●Friendly and customized operating interface leads to easy learning and simple manipulation. Any parameter can be

promoted to immediate operator access in Field Parameter Table or password protected in Full Parameter Table. ●With worldwide power supply of 100-240VAC or 24VDC and various installation dimensions for users to choose.

●　High quality and performance hardware design, using high performance tantalum capacitor or ceramic capacitor.

Compared to competing models, it consumes less electricity, experiences less temperature shifting, provides higher stability and reliability, and can work in a wider range of temperature.

●　ISO9001 and CE certified, achieving world class level of quality, anti-interference ability and safety.

POINTS FOR ATTENTION

●This manual introduces AI-518 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INDUSTRIAL CONTROLLER of Version 7.0. Certain

functions introduced by this manual are probably not applicable for the instrument of other version. After power on, the instrument type and software version will be displayed. User should pay attention to the difference between different versions when using the instrument. Please read this manual carefully in order to use the instrument correctly and make it to its full use.

●Please correctly set parameters according to input / output type and function. Only correctly wired instruments with

parameters correctly set can be put into use.

●　Compared to Version 6.5 or earlier versions, some important changes are:

1. The layout of the terminals have been changed.

2. Heating/refrigerating dual output function is added and the second output can be current output or time

proportioning output.

3. The hysteresis of alarm has been changed from bilateral to unilateral.

4. The setting of parameter “ALP” (Alarm output definition) has changed and can output up to 4 channels of

alarms.

1.2 Ordering Code Definition

Advanced modularized hardware design is utilized for AI series instruments. There are maximum five module slots: multi-function input/output (MIO), main output (OUTP), alarm (ALM), auxiliary output (AUX) and communication (COMM). The modules can be purchased together with or separately from the instrument, and can be assembled freely. The input type can be freely set to thermocouple, RTD, or linear current/voltage.

The ordering code of AI-508 series instrument is made up of 9 parts. For example:

AI-518 A N X3 L5 N S4 —F2 —24VDC

①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨

It shows that the model of this instrument is AI-518, front panel dimension is 96×96mm, no module is installed in MIO (Multi-function I/O) slot, X3 linear current output module is installed in OUTP (main output), ALM (alarm) is L5 (dual relay contact output module), no module is installed in AUX (auxiliary output), a RS485 communication interface with photoelectric isolation is installed, an extended input type (F2 radiation type pyrometer) is available, and the power supply of the instrument is 24VDC.

The following is the meanings of the 9 parts:

①　shows the model of the instrument

AI-518economical type instrument with measurement accuracy 0.3%F.S. It adopts artificial intelligent control technology, and has the functions of control, alarm, retransmission and communication.

② shows the front panel dimension.

A(A2)front panel 96×96mm(width×height), cut out 92×92mm, depth behind mounting surface 100mm. A2 has

a light bar with 25 segments and 4 levels of luminosity.

B front panel 160×80mm(width×height), cut out 152×76mm, depth behind mounting surface 100mm.

C(C3) front panel 80×160mm(width×height), cut out 76×152mm, depth behind mounting surface 100mm. C3 has an additional light bar with 50 segments and 2 levels of luminosity.

D front panel 72×72mm(width×height), cut out 68×68mm, depth behind mounting surface 95mm

D2front panel 48×48mm(width×height), cut out 45×45mm, depth behind mounting surface 95mm`

E front panel 48×96mm(width×height), cut out 45×92mm, depth behind mounting surface 100mm

F front panel 96×48mm(width×height), cut out 92×45mm, depth behind mounting surface 100mm

③　shows the module type of multiple function I/O (MIO). Selectable modules are I2, I4, K3, V and U. N means

none, no module installed.

④　shows the module type of main output (OUTP). S electable modules are L1, L4, W1, W2, G, K1, K3, K5, X3,

X5 etc.

⑤　shows the module type of alarm (ALM). S electable modules are L1, L2, L4, L5, W1, W2, G, etc.

⑥　shows the module type of auxiliary output (AUX). S electable modules are L1, L2, L4, L5, W1, W2, G, K1, X3,

X5, etc.

⑦　shows the module type of communication (COMM). Selectable modules are S, S4, V, etc.

⑧　shows the optional extended graduation spec (If none, leave it blank). AI-518 series instruments support

many input types including popular thermocouples, RTDs, linear voltage, current and resistance inputs. If needed, an additional specification not mentioned in input type selection (InP) table can be extended.

⑨　shows the power supply of the instrument. If left blank, the power of the instrument is 100-240VAC.

"24VDC" means the power supply of 24V direct current.

Note 1: The instrument applies the technology of automatic zero and digital calibration, and is free of maintenance. If the error exceeds certain range, generally, cleaning and drying the inside of the instrument can fix it. If not, send the instrument back to the factory to examine and repair.

Note 2: Free repair and maintenance will be given in 36 months since the delivery. In order to get full and correct repair,

write the phenomena and causes of the malfunction of the instrument.

1.3 Modules

1.3.1 Slots of modules

AI-518 series instruments have five slots for modules to be installed (D dimension instruments have 3 slots: OUTP, AUX and COMM/AL1; D2 dimension instruments have 2 slots: OUTP and COMM/AUX). By installing different modules, the controller can meet the requirements of different functions and output types.

l Multiple function Input/Output (MIO): can input signal from 2-wire transmitter or 4-20mA signal by installing I4 (current input) module. If a I2 (on-off signal input) module is installed, the instrument can switch between setpoints SV1 and SV2 by an external switch. Cooperating with OUTP and installing a K3 module can realize three-phase thyristor zero cross triggering output.

l Main output (OUTP): is commonly used as control output such as on-off control, standard PID control, and AI PID control. It can be also used as retransmission output of process value (PV) or setpoint (SV). Installing L1 or L4 modular can realize relay contact output; installing X3 or X5 module can realize 0-20mA/4-20mA/0-10mA linear current output; installing G module can realize SSR voltage output; installing W1 or W2 module can implement TRIAC no contact switch output.

l Alarm (ALM): is commonly used to be alarm output. Support 1 normal open + normal close relay output (AL1) by installing L1 or L2 module or 2 normal open relay outputs (AL1+AL2) by installing L5 module.

l Auxiliary output (AUX): In a heating/refrigerating dual output system, module X3, X5, L1, L4, G, W1, W2 can be installed for the second control output. It can also output alarm by installing L1, L2 or L5 module, or be used for communicating with computer by installing R module (RS232C interface).

l Communication Interface (COMM): Module S or S4 can be installed in for communicating with computer (RS485 communication interface), and it can also be used as power supply for external sensor when equipped with a voltage output module.

1.3.2 Commonly used modules:

N(or null) no module installed

L1 Large capacity normal open relay output module (large volume, Capacity: 30VDC/2A, 250VAC/2A)

L2normal open + normal close relay output module (small volume, capacity: 30VDC/1A, 250VAC/1A, suitable for alarm) L4 Large capacity normal open relay output module (small volume, Capacity: 30VDC/2A, 250VAC/2A)

L5 Dual normal open relay output module (Capacity: 30VDC/2A, 250VAC/2A)

W1/W2T RIAC no contact normal open (W2 is normal close) discrete output module (Capacity: 100-240VAC/0.2A)

G SSR voltage output module (DC12V/30mA time proportional output)

K1Single-phase thyristor zero crossing trigger output module (can trigger one loop of a TRIAC or a pair of inverse parallel SCR with current of 5-500A)

K3Three-phase thyristor zero crossing trigger output module (can trigger 3-phase circuit; each loop can trigger TRIAC or a pair of inverse parallel SCR with current of 5-500A)

K5 Single-phase thyristor phase-shifting trigger output module (can trigger one loop of TRIAC or a pair of inverse parallel SCR with current of 5-500A)

X3/X5Linear current output module (continuous 0-22mA output, selectable in the range of 0-10mA, 4-20mA etc.). X5 is equipped with photoelectric isolated power supply.

S/S4RS485 communication interface module. S4 is equipped with photoelectric isolated power supply.

V24/V12/V10 Isolated 24V/12V/10V DC voltage output with maximum current of 50mA, can supply power for transmitter.

I2Switch / frequency signal input interface for inputting external switch or frequency signal, has a 12VDC power supply for external transducer.

I4 4-20mA/0-20mA analogue input interface, has a 24VDC/24mA power supply for a transmitter.

1.3.3 Installation and replacement of modules

Before the instrument delivery, module installation is done on request, with corresponding parameter set correctly. Users can replace or install modules by themselves when needed. When replacing a module, you should pull the controller out of the housing at first, insert a small flat-tip screwdriver into the opening between the original module and the slot on motherboard to remove the old module, and then install a new module. Changing module type needs to modify the corresponding parameters.

1.3.4 Electric isolation of the modules

There are a group of 24V and a group 12V power supply built in the instrument and isolated to the main circuit. The 24V power commonly supplies voltage output module, such as V24/V12/V10, I2 and I4. The 12V power is commonly supplies output or communication module. Generally, the relay contact output and TRIAC no contact discrete output are self insulated from the other circuit, no matter whether other modules are installed or not. SSR voltage output do not need to be insulated from input circuit, because SSR itself has isolation function. Therefore, only the electric isolation between the communication interface and the current output should be considered. Those modules, for example, S (RS485 communication interface), R (RS232 communication interface) and X3 (linear current output), all need the 12V power supply. If more than one of the above modules are installed, in order to be electric isolated, only one of them can be module without electric isolation, the other modules should be S4 or X4, which has its own isolated power supply. For example, if an X module is installed in OUTP (main output) slot, and an S or X module is installed in COMM (communication interface) slot, then OUTP and COMM can not be electric isolated, so S or X should be replaced with S4 or X4.

1.3.5 Further descriptions about module applications

l Voltage output module: The voltage output modules like V24, \/10 or V12 are often used for supplying power for external transducer or feedback resistance of transmitter. These modules can be installed in any slot. To standardize the wiring, it is recommended to be installed in the first idle slot in the order of MIO, AUX, and COMM. l No contact switch module : W1 and W2 are new types of no contact switch module which apply the advanced technology of “burn proof”and zero crossing conduction. It can replace the relay contact switch. Compared to the relay contact output module, W1 and W2 have longer life and lower interference. They can largely lower the interference spark of the equipment, and greatly improve the stability and reliability of the system. Since the driver element is TRIAC, it is suitable for controlling 100-240VAC (not for DC power) with current up to 80A. For the current larger than 80A, an intermediate relay is needed.

l Relay Switch Module : the relay modules are widely used in industrial control. However, they are the only modules with life time limit and volume limit and have much electromagnetic interference. It is important to choose

a suitable relay module. To control equipments with 220VAC supply, such as contactor and electromagnetic valve,

W1 module is recommended. To control DC or AC below 100V, users can only use relay module. L2 module is small, and both its normal open and normal close terminals have the function of varistor spark absorption, but the capacity is small. It is suitable for alarm output. L1 and L5 have big volume and big capacity. In the 48mm dimension instrument (for example, D2, E, F and E5), only one of L1 or L5 can be installed. L5 has dual output, can be used to support two loops of alarm, for example, AL1+AL2. If you don’t like mechanical switch, you can choose G5 (dual SSR voltage driver) and connect with external SSR instead.

1.4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

l Input type: (Either of below specifications can be used selectively in the same instrument) Thermocouple: K, S, R, E, J, T, N

Resistance temperature detector: Cu50, Pt100

Linear voltage: 0～5V, 1～5V, 0～1V, 0～100mV, 0～20mV, etc.

Linear current (external precise shunt resist needed): 0～10mA, 1～20mA, 4～20mA, etc.

Extended input (install I4 module in MIO) : 0～20mA, 4～20mA or two line transmitter.

Optional: apart from the above-mentioned Input type, an additional type can be provided upon request. (Graduation index is needed)

l Instrument Input range

K(0～1300℃), S(0～1700℃), R(0～1700℃), E(0～1000℃), J(0～1200℃), N(0～1300℃)

K(32～2372℉), S(32～3092℉), R(32～3092℉), E(32～1832℉), J(32～2192℉), N(32～2372℉)

Cu50(-50～+150℃), Pt100(-200～+800℃)

Cu50(-58～+302℉), Pt100(-328～+1472℉)

Linear Input: -1999～+9999 defined by user.

l Measurement accuracy : 0.3%FS ± 0.1℃

l Resolution : 0.1℃ for K, E, T, N, J, Cu50, Pt100; 1℃ for S, R

l Response time : ≤0.5s ( when digital filter parameter FILt=0)

l Alarm function : high limit, low limit, deviation high limit and deviation low limit; with alarm blocking at the beginning of power on.

l Control period : 0.5～120.0 seconds selectable, and it should be integer times of 0.5 second.

l Control mode:

On-off control mode (deadband adjustable)

Standard PID with auto tuning

AI PID with auto tuning, adopting AI artificial intelligence algorithm.

l Output mode (modularized)

Relay output (NO+NC): 250VAC/2A or 30VDC/1A

TRIAC no contact discrete output (NO or NC): 100～240VAC/0.2A (continuous), 2A (20mS instantaneous, repeat period≥5s)

SSR Voltage output: 12VDC/30mA (used to drive SSR).

Thyristor trigger output: can trigger TRIAC of 5～500A, a pair of inverse paralleled SCRs or SCR power module. Linear current output: 0～20mA, 4～20mA (Output voltage ≥11V, maximum load resistor 500ohm, output precision 0.2%FS)

l Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) : ±4KV/5KHz according to IEC61000-4-4; 4KV according to IEC61000-4-5. l Isolation withstanding voltage : between power, relay contact or signal terminal ≥2300V; between isolated

electroweak terminals ≥600V

l Power supply : 100～240VAC, -15%, +10% / 50-60Hz; or 24VDC/AC, -15%, +10%.

l Power consumption: ≤5W

l Operating Ambient : temperature -10～60℃; humidity ≤90%RH

l Front panel dimension: 96×96mm, 160×80mm, 80×160mm, 48×96mm, 96×48mm, 48×48mm, 72×72mm l Panel cutout dimension: 92×92mm, 152×76mm, 76×152mm, 45×92mm, 92×45mm, 45×45mm, 68×68mm l Depth behind mounting surface: 100mm

1.5 Rear Terminal Layout and Wiring

Wiring graph for instruments except D and D2 dimension.

Note 1: For linear voltage input, if the range is below 1V, connect to terminals 19 and 18. 0～5V or 1～5V signal can be inputted from terminals 17 and 18.

Note 2: 4～20mA linear current signal can change to 1～5V voltage signal by connecting a 250 ohm resistor, and then be inputted from terminals 17 and 18. If I4 module is installed in MIO slot, 4～20mA signal can be inputted from terminals 14+ and 15-, and 2-wire transmitter can be inputted from terminals 16+ and 14-.

Note 3: The compensation wires for different kinds of thermocouple are different, and should be directly connected to the terminals. When the internal auto compensation mode is used, connecting the common wire between the compensation wire and the terminals will cause measurement error.

The graph suits for upright instruments

with dimension A, C or E For instruments with dimension B or F, just clockwise rotate the graph 90 degree, and the numbers of the terminals keep the same.

100-240（K1/K3）（K3）（K3）

Wiring graph of D dimension instruments (72×72mm)

100

Note 1: Linear voltage signal of range below 500mV should be inputted from terminals 13 and 12, and signal of 0～5V and 1～5V should be inputted from terminals 11 and 12.

Note 2: 4～20mA linear current signal can be converted to 1～5V voltage signal by connecting a 250 ohm resistor and inputted from terminals 11 and 12.

Note 3: S or S4 module can be installed in COMM slot for communication. If relay, TRIAC no contact switch, or SSR driver voltage output module is installed in COMM, it can be used as alarm output.

Wiring graph of instruments with D2 dimension as below:

（K1） Note 1: D2 dimension instruments don’t support 0～5V or 1～5V linear voltage input. However, 0～5V or 1～5V signal can be converted to 0～500mV or 100～500mV by connecting external precise resistors, 4～20mA can be converted to 100～500mV by connecting a 25 ohm resistor, then be inputted from terminals 9 and 8.

Note 2: For COMM/AUX slot, if S or S4 communication module is installed in, it can be used for communication; if L2 or L5 module is installed in, and parameter bAud is set to 0, it can be used for AU1 or AU1+AU2 alarm output; if L1, L2, L4, G, K1, W1 or W2 is installed, it can be the auxiliary output in bidirectional (heating/refrigerating) control (Auxiliary output doesn’t support analog current output); if I2 is installed and bAud is set to 1, then it can input on-off signal to switch SV1 and SV2 by connecting a switch between terminals number 3 and 5.

Capacitor Resistor

Note 1: According to the voltage and current of load, choose suitable varistor to prevent the thyristor. Capacitor resistor absorber is needed for inductance load or phase-shift trigger output.

Note 2: SCR power module is recommended. A power module includes two SCRs, is similar to the above dashed square.

Note 3: K5 (Phase-shifting trigger module) only support 220～380VAC and 50Hz power.

2. DISPLAYS AND OPERATIONS

2.1 Front Panel Description

①　Upper display window, displays PV, parameter code, etc.

②　Lower display window, displays SV, parameter value, or

alarm

③　Setup key, for accessing parameter table and conforming

parameter modification.

④　Data shift key, and auto tuning.

⑤　Data decrease key, and also run/pause switch

⑥　Data increase key, and also stop key

⑦　LED indicator. MAN and PRG indicators is non-applicable

for AI-518. MIO, OP1, OP2, AL1, AL2, AU1 and AU2

indicate I/O operation of the corresponding module. For example, That the COMM indicator is lighting means that the instrument is communicating with computer.

Basic display status : When power on, the upper display window of the instrument shows the process value (PV), and the lower window shows the setpoint (SV). This status is called basic display status. When the input signal is out of the measurable range (for example, the thermocouple or RTD circuit is break, or input specification sets wrong), the lower display window will alternately display “orAL”and the high limit or the low limit of PV, and the instrument will automatically stop output. If the lower display window alternately display “HIAL”, “LoAL”, “HdAL”or “LdAL”, it means high limit alarm, low limit alarm, deviation high alarm, and deviation low alarm happening. The alarm display can also be turned off by parameter cF (Refer to the description of parameter cF).

2.2 Parameter Setting Flow Chart

2.3 Operation Description

2.3.1 Set Value Setting

In basic dis play status, if the parameter lock “Loc”

①

②

③

④⑤

⑥

⑦

between the parameter SPL and SPH. The default range is 0～400.

2.3.2 Parameter Setting

can

can return to the

table. The instrument will escape auomatically from the parameter table if no key is pressed within 25 seconds, and the change of the last parameter will not be saved.

access System Parameter Table.

2.3.3 Auto Tuning

AI control algorithm, which is a new algorithm using fuzzy logical PID control, is adopted in AI series instrument. AI has the characteristic of having no overshoot, high control precision and easy parameter tuning and having good control effect for complicate process. Further more, AI series instrument has the function of self-learning, it is able to learn the process character while working. Users are probably unsatisfied with the control effect at the instrument first use after auto tuning, but predominant control result will be obtained after its first use because of the self-learning function.

When artificial intelligence control is chosen, the MPT control parameters (M5, P, t) can be obtained by running

executes on-off control. After 2 to 3 cycles of on-off action, the instrument will obtain the values of MPT control

stops. Depending on the system, the time of auto tuning can be several seconds to several hours. After the auto tuning finishes, the parameter “Ctrl”automatically changes to 3 (the initial value is 1) or 4, and then user can’t active auto tuning

CtrL”to 2. (Refer to the description of parameter “CtrL”)

If the setpoint is different, the parameters obtained from auto-tuning are possibly different. So you’d better set setpoint to an often-used value or middle value first, and then start auto-tuning. For the ovens with good heat preservation, the setpoint can be set to the highest applicable temperature. It is forbidden to change SV during auto tuning. Depending on the system, the auto-tuning time can be from several seconds to several hours.

Parameter dF (on-off differential, control hysteresis) and CtI (Control period) have influence on the accuracy of auto-tuning. Generally, the smaller the value of dF and CtI, the higher the precision of auto tuning. But the value of dF parameter should be large enough to prevent the instrument from error action around setpoint due to the oscillation of input. It is recommended that CtI=0～2 and dF=2.0.

The auto tuning for AI series instrument will gratify for 90% users. However, because of the complexity of the automatic process, parameters calculated by auto tuning are probably not the optimal values on some special occasion (mentioned as follows), so manual parameter adjustment is needed.

l An electric furnace heated up by stages, and the stages may interact each other, then the value of parameter M5 gained by auto tuning probably be greater than its optimal value.

l Long lagged process.

l Quick responded physical quantity (flow and certain pressure) controlled by the slow valve, then the value of parameters P and t are often n the high side of their optimal value.

l When some mechanical contact such as contactor or solenoid valve are used for control and CtI is set too big.

l For a refrigerating system or non temperature system such as pressure and flow, M5 can be gained from its definition (M5 = the change of measurement value when output changes 5%).

l Other special system such as nonlinear system and time varying system.

If correctly auto-tuning can’t gain satisfying control, the control can be improved by manually changing parameters M5, P, or t. During manual parameter adjustment, response curve of the system should be observed carefully.

l If it is short period oscillation (oscillation period is similar to the oscillation of auto tuning), you can decrease P (first), or increase the value of parameter M5 and t.

l If it is long period oscillation (oscillation period is several times of the oscillation of auto tuning), you can increase the value of parameter M5 (first), P and t.

l None oscillation but too severe steady-state error, you can decrease M5 (first) and increase P.

l If it must cost a long period of time to obtain stable control, you should decrease t (first), increase P and decrease M5.

Another method can be used in the parameter adjustment. Increase or decrease one of the MPT parameters (M5, P or t) by the range of 30%-50%, if the control effect is improved then go on, or else, do the opposite operation. In generalized case, parameter M5 should be modified first, and then modify the parameter P, t and CtI in turn.

3. PARAMETERS AND SETTINGS

3.1 Parameter Lock (Loc) and Field Parameters

In order to protect important parameters from being modified by mistake, but also offer enough flexibility for field control, parameter lock (Loc) and field parameters are introduced.

The parameters need to be displayed and modified in the work field are called Field Parameters. The set of field parameters is a subset of the whole parameter set, and can be freely chosen by the user.

Loc can authorize different security right as below:

Loc=0, allowed to modify field parameters and setpoint;

Loc=1, allowed to modify setpoint and display field parameters but can’t modify field paramters;

Loc=2, allowed to display field parameters, but can’t modify field parameters or setpoint.

1 to 8 field parameters can be defined by parameters EP1to EP8. If the number of the field parameters is less than 8, the first idle EP parameter should be set to “nonE”.

You can redefine field parameters and Loc to change operation style. For example, you can take HIAL and HdAL as field parameter. The EP paramters and Loc should be set as below:

EP1=HIAL, EP2=HdAL, EP3=nonE

3.2 The Full Parameter Table

AI instruments define the input, output, alarm, communication and control mode by parameters.

Code Name Description Setting Range

HIAL High limit

alarm

Alarm on when PV (Process Value) >HIAL; alarm off when PV

HIAL to 9999 can disable the high limit alarm.

Alarm output action can be defined by parameter ALP, and every alarm can be freely

set to output to AL1, AL2, AU1 or AU2.

LoAL Low limit alarm Alarm on when PVLoAL+dF

It can be disable by setting LoAL=-1999.

-1999～

+9999

units or 1

℃

HdAL Deviation high

alarm

Alarm on when PV-SV>HdAL; alarm off when PV-SV

I can be disable by setting HdAL=9999.

When using on-off control mode, dHAL and dLAL are the second high and low alarms.

LdAL Deviation low

alarm

Alarm on when SV-PVLdAL-dF

It can be disabled by setting LdAL=9999.

0～9999

units or

0～999.9

℃

dF deadband

(hysteresis)

Avoid frequent on-off action of alarm or control output because of the fluctuation of

P V.

“dF” can affect alarm. For example, provided upper alarm parameter "HIAL" is set as

800℃, dF parameter is set as 2.0℃, then:

l Instrument is in normal status at the beginning, when process value is greater

than 800℃ (HIAL), the upper absolute alarm can be triggered.

l Instrument is in upper alarm status at the beginning, when process value is less

than 798℃ (HIAL-dF), then alarm can be cleared.

“dF”also affect control. For example, provided the instrument is used for on-off

control or at auto tuning. SV is set as 700℃, dF parameter is set to 2℃, control is

reverse action (heat control).

l Output is on at the beginning, when process value is greater than 700℃ (SV),

then output is shut down.

l Output is off at then beginning, when process value is less than 698℃ (SV-dF),

then output is on again to start heating.

As for on-off control, the larger for dF parameter value, the longer for CtI (output

period time) and the worse for control accuracy. Conversely, the smaller for dF

parameter, the shorter for CtI, then the better for control accuracy, but error action will

occur easily due to input fluctuation and shorten the service life of mechanical

contactors of relay.

dF don't affect AI artificial intelligence algorithm, but affect the on-off control at auto

tuning, Theoretically the smaller for dF parameter, the better for auto tuning accuracy,

but error action, which caused by process value fluctuation due to noise, should be

avoided. Watch process value for some time, if fluctuation is too large, increase input

fitter parameter dL at first to make the fluctuation smaller than 2-5 unit, then set dF

parameter equal to 2～3 times of process fluctuation value.

0～2000

units

0～200.0

℃

CtrL Control mode 0: on-off control. For situation not requiring high precision;

1: AI control. Allowed to active auto-tuning in basic display status.

2: Run auto-tuning. After auto-tuning finishes, it will automatically change to 3 or 4.

3: AI control, this configuration is automatically set after auto tuning is done. At this setting, starting auto tuning at basic display status is inhibited and it can prevent from

running auto tuning by mistake.

4: Similar to CtrL=3, but parameter P is defined as 10 times as its original value. For example, setting of P=5, Ctrl=3 and setting of P=50, Ctrl=4, have the same control

effect. In the application of rapidly changed temperature (changes by more than 100℃

/second), pressure or flow control, when CtrL=3 or CtrL=1, parameter P has to be set

to a very small value, and sometimes only if parameter P is set to less than 1 can you

get satisfied control effect. However, if Ctrl=4 is set at this time, then parameter P

0～4

can be enlarged 10 times, and so finer control is obtained.

M5 Hold

Parameter

The parameters of M5, P, t and CtI are control parameters for AI artificial intelligence

control algorithm, but not for ON-OFF control mode (Ctrl=0).

M5 is defined as m easurement variation when output is changed by 5% and

controlled process is basically stabilized. "5" indicates that output variation is 5 (5%).

Generally M5 parameter of the same system will changes with measurement value,

and so M5 parameter should be configured with process value around operating point.

Take temperature control of electric furnace as an example, the operating point is 700

℃. Assuming that when output is 50%, the temperature of electric furnace will finally

be stabilized at 700℃, and when output changes to 55%, the temperature will final be

at 750. Then M5 (optimum parameter)=750-700=50.

M5 parameter mainly determines the degree of integral function, similar as integral

time of PID control. The smaller M5 parameter is , the greater integral function is, and

the larger M5 parameter is, the smaller integral function is (integral time is increased).

0～999.9

℃

0～9999

unit

P Rate

parameter

P is in reverse proportion to measurement variation in 1 second when output is 100%.

It is defined as the following:

If CtrL=1 or 3, then P=1000/measurement variations each second. The unit is 0.1℃

or 1 defined unit (for linear input). For example, instrument use 100% power to heat

and there is no heat loss, if temperature increase 1℃ each second, then

P=1000/10=100.

If CtrL=4, then P parameter will be configured by increasing 10 times. For example,

P should be set to 1000 in the above example.

P is similar to proportional band in PID control but has reverse effect. The increase

of P parameter will increase proportional and derivative effect. P parameter does not

affect integral function.

1～9999

t Lag time For industrial control, hysteresis effect of the controlled process is an important factor

impairing control effect. The longer is system lag time, the more difficult to get ideal

control effect. Lag time parameter “t”is a new introduced important parameter for AI

artificial intelligence algorithm. AI series instrument can use parameter “t”to do fuzzy calculation, and therefore overshoot and hunting do not easily occurs and the control

have the best responsibility at the time.

"t" is defined as follows: provided there is no heat loss, time needed for a electric

furnace from the beginning of elevating temperature to when its speed of elevating temperature gets to 63.5% against the final speed of temperature elevating,. The unit

of parameter “t”is second.

“t”equals the derivative time of PID control. If t≤CtI, derivative function of system will

be eliminated.

0～2000

second

CtI Output period Parameter CtI can be set between 0.5 to 125 seconds. It represent the control speed of the instrument. When CtI increased, proportion function will be increased and derivative function will be decreased. If CtI≥5s, derivative function is absolutely eliminated, then the system is a proportional or proportional-integral system. The change of this parameter will nearly have no influence to the system if CtI is less than 1/5 of lag time.

The following principle is for adjusting parameter “Ctl”.

l In case of time proportional output mode, if SSR (Solid state relay)or thyristor is used as executive bodies, then control period can be set smaller (generally 0.5 through 2 seconds) to improve control precision. If relay contact output is used, then parameter “Ctl”should be set to be larger than or equal 4 seconds generally, because a small value set will decrease service life of mechanical contacts. A large value set will increase service life of relay, but will decrease control precision, so select a value to satisfy both sides.

l In case of linear current output, decreasing parameter CtI will speed up output responsibility and improve control precision, but will lead to frequently changed output current and arising therefrom frequent movement of executive bodies (ex.

Control value). Now increasing parameter CtI appropriately will make value move smoothly.

Sn Input

specification

Code

Sn Input spec. Sn Input spec.

0 K 26 0～80 ohm resistor input

1 S 27 0～400 ohm resistor input

0～37

2 Spare 28 0～20mV voltage input

3 T 29 0～100mV voltage input

4 E 30 0～60mV voltage input

5 J 31 0～500mV voltage input

7 N 32 100～500mV voltage input

10 extended input

specification

33 1～5V voltage input

15 4～20mA (installed I4 in

MIO)

34 0～5V voltage input

16 0～20mA (installed I4 in

MIO)

35 0～10V

20 Cu50 36 2～10V

21 Pt100 37 0～20V

When Sn=10, an extended input is selected. It can be an input specification not included above, for example, R, WRe325, WRe526, WRe520, BA1, BA2, G, F2, square root of 0～5V or 1～5V, and so on.

dIP Radix point

position

Four formats (0, 0.0, 0.00, 0.000) are selectable

dIP=0: display format is 0000

dIP=1: display format is 000.0

dIP=2: display format is 00.00

dIP=3: display format is 0.000

Note 1: For thermocouples or RTD input, only 0000 or 0.000 is selectable, and the

internal resolution is 0.1. When S or R thermocouple is used, dPt is recommended

to be 0.

0～3

dIL Signal scale

low limit

Define scale low limit of input. It is also the scale low limit of retransmission output

and light bar display.

dIH Signal scale

high limit

Define scale high limit of input. It is also the scale high limit of retransmission output

and light bar display.

-1999～

+9999

units

Sc Input Shift

Adjustment

Sc is used to shift input to compensate the error caused by transducer, input signal, or

auto cold junction compensation of thermocouple.

PV_after_compensation=PV_before_compensation + Scb

-1999～

+4000

units

oP1 Output type Parameter OP1 is used to define the mode of control output signal.

oP=oP1.Ax1+oP1.Bx10

oP1.A indicates the output mode of main output (OUTP), and must conform to the

module type installed in main output slot.

oP1.A=0, the mode of main output is time-proportional output (for AI artificial intelligence control) or on-off mode (for on-off control). If output module such as SSR

voltage output, relay contact discrete output, thyristor zero-crossing trigger output, or

TRIAC no-contact discrete output is installed i n main output slot, then “oP1.A=0”

should be set.

oP1.A=1,0—10mA linear current output. Linear current output module should be

installed in main output.

oP1.A=2,0—20mA linear current output. Linear current output module should be

installed to main output.

oP1.A=3, spare

oP1.A=4, 4—20mA linear current output. Linear current output module should be

installed to main output.

oP1.A=5-7, not for AI-518/51P.

oP1.A=8, output of single-phase phase-shifting trigger. Module K5 should be installed.

At this mode, AUX can not be the auxiliary output of heating/refrigerating dual outputs.

oP1.B indicates the output mode of auxiliary output. It works only when parameter

oPL<0.

0～48

oP1.B=0: output module like SSR voltage, relay, thyristor zero-crossing trigger or TRIAC switch output can be installed in AUX slot.

oP1.B=1/2/4: 0～10mA / 0～20mA / 4～20mA linear current output, and linear current output module should be installed in AUX slot.

oP1.B=3, spare

AUX output does not support position proportional output or phase-shifting trigger output.

Example 1: if the main output is 4～20mA and no auxiliary output, then oP1=4. Example 2: if the main and auxiliary outputs are all 4～20mA, then oP1=44.

oPL Output low

limit

0～110%: oPL is the minimum output of OUT in single directional control system.

-1～-110%: the instrument works for a bidirectional system, and has

heating/refrigerating dual outpust. When CF.A=0, OUT (main output) works for

heating, and AUX (Auxiliary output) works for refrigerating. When CF.A=1, OUT

works for refrigerating, and AUX works for AUX.

In a bidirectional system, the heating and refrigerating ability are generally different.

oPL = -(power when AUX output is maximum /power when OUT output is maximum) x

100%.

For example, for a heating/refrigerating air condition, its maximum power of

refrigerating is 4000W, and maximum power of heating is 5000W, and AUX works for

refrigerating, then

OPL=- (4000/5000)x100% = -80%

The range of AUX output can’t be freely defined by user. If the internal calculation

requires maximum output of AUX (AUX output=OPL), then in 4～20mA output, the

AUX output is 20mA, and user can’t limit the maximum AUX output to 10mA.

-110～

+110%

oPH Output upper

limit

oPL limits the maximum of OUT (main output). For example, when oPH=70%, the

maximum output of OUT is 70%. For 0～20mA output, it should be 15.2mA.

oPH should be greater than oPL.

0～110%

ALP Alarm output

allocation

From right side to left side, the first, second, third and fourth digit of ALP individually

indicate the alarm output terminal of HIAL, LoAL, HdAL, and LdAL. 0 shows no

output; 1 and 2 are for future use; 3,4,5 or 6 indicates alarm outputted to AL1, AL2,

AU1 or AU2. For example,

ALP = 5 5 0 3

LoAL HdAL LoAL HIAL

It shows that HIAL is sent to AL1, LoAL has no output, HdAL and LdAL are sent to

AU1.

Note 1: When AUX is used as auxiliary output in bidirectional (heating/refrigerating)

control, alarm to AU1 and Au2 won’t work.

Note 2: Installing L5 dual relay output module in ALM or AUX can implement AL2 or

AU2 alarm.

0～6666

CF System

function

selection

Parameter “CF”is used to select some system functions,

CF=A×1+B×2+C×4+D×8+E×16+F×32+G×64

A=0, reverse action control mode. When this mode is selected, an increase in PV

results in a decrease in the control output. Ex, heating control.

A=1, direct action control mode. When this mode is selected, an increase in PV

results in an increase in the control output. Ex, cooling control.

B=0, without the function of alarm blocking at power on or setpoint changing.

B=1, having the function of alarm blocking at power on or setpoint changing. Refers to

the description in the latter text.

C=0, setpoint can only be set to between HIAL and LoAL.

C=1, no limit for setpoint range.

D, not applicable for AI-518.

E=0, without the function of sectional power restriction

0～127

E=1, with the function of sectional power restriction

F=0, with luminosity indicator for output value

F=1, with luminosity indicator for measurement value

G=0, when alarming, alternately display alarm code in the lower display window.

G=1, not display alarm code when alarming.

For example: if it is expected that an AI-518 services as reverse action control, has the function of alarm suppressing at power on, no setpoint range limit, no sectional power restriction, no luminosity indicator, and has alarming code display in lower display window. Then we get A= 0, B= 1, C= 1, D= 0, E= 0, F= 0, G= 0. And so parameter “CF”should be set as follows:

CF=0×1+1×2+1×4+0×8+0×16+1×32+0×64=6

Addr communication

address

In the same communication line, different instrument should be set to different

address.

0～100

bAud baud rate the range of baud rate is 1200～19200bit/s. For D2 dimension instrument, when

COMM/AUX slot is used as AUX, bAud should be set to 0.

0～19200

dL input digital

filter

There is one intermediate-value filter system and one second order integral digital

filter system in AI series instrument, among which intermediate value filter takes

intermediate value among three continuous values, and second order digital filter has

the same effect as resistance-capacity integral filter. If measurement input fluctuates

due to noise, then digital filter can be used to smooth the input. Parameter “dL”may

be configured in the range of 0 to 20, among which, 0 means no filter, 1 means

intermediate-value filter, and 2—20 means that intermediate-value filter and second

order integral filter working simultaneously.

When a large value is set, the measurement input is stabilized but the responsibility at

the time is deteriorated. Generally if great interference exist, then you can increase

parameter “dL”gradually to make momentary fluctuation of measurement input less

than 2 to 5 values. If the instrument is being tested at laboratory, then parameter “dL”

should be set to 0 or 1 to short the time responsibility.

Loc Parameter

Lock

If parameter Loc is set to other values than 808, then only field parameters in the

range of 0 to 8 (defined by EP1～EP8) and parameter Loc itself can be set. When

parameter Loc is set to 808, user can set all parameters. Parameter Loc provides

several operation privileges. When user has completed setting of some important

parameters such as input and output, parameter Loc can be set to other values than

808 in order to avoid field operators’accidental modification of s ome important

operation parameters. See the following:

Loc=0, modification o field parameters and setpoint is allowed.

Loc=1, allowed to display and view field parameters, and to set setpoint. But the

modification of field parameters (except parameter Loc itself) is not allowed.

Loc=2, allowed to display and view field parameters, but the modification of field

parameters and setpoint (except parameter Loc itself) is not allowed.

Loc=808, configuration of all parameters and setpoint is allowed.

If Loc is set to other values than the above mentioned, the result may be one of those

above mentioned.

If Loc is set to be 808 during field parameter setting, parameter Loc will automatically

turned to be 0 when you finished setting field parameter, but if you set Loc to be 808

in the full parameter table, parameter Loc will be saved as 808 permanently.

0～9999

EP1～EP8 Field

parameter

definition

Define 0～8 of the parameters as field parameters.

Field parameters are a subset of the full parameter table, and can be quickly

accessed, while other parameters in the full parameter table are protected by

parameter lock “Loc”and can only be accessed when Loc=808.

nonE and

all

parameter

codes

3.3 Additional Remarks of Special Functions

3.3.1 Single-phase phase-shifting trigger output (oP1=8)

When oP1=8, installing a K5 module in OUTP slot can single-phase phase-shifting trigger a TRIAC or 2 inverse parellel SCRs. It can continuously adjust heating power by control the conduction angle of thyristor. With non-linear power adjustment according to the characters of sine wave, it can get ideal control. The trigger adopts self-synchronizing technology, so it can also work even when the power supplies of the instrument and the heater are different. Phase-shifting trigger has high interference to the electric power, so user should pay attention to the anti-interference ability of other machines in the system. Now the K5 module can be only used in 50Hz power supply.

3.3.2 Alarm blocking at the beginning of power on (CF.E=1)

Some unnecessary alarms often occur at the beginning of power on. In a heating system, at the beginning of powers on, its temperature is much lower than the setpoint. If low limit and deviation low limit are set and the alarm condition are satisfied, the instrument should alarm, but there is no problem in the system. Contrarily, in an refrigerating system, the unnecessary high limit or deviation high limit alarm may occur at the beginning of power on. Therefore, AI instruments offer the function of alarm blocking at the beginning of power on. When CF.E=1, the corresponding low or high alarms are blocked until the alarm condition first clears. If the alarm condition is satisfied again, the alarm will work.

3.3.3 Setpoints switch

If an I2 module is installed in MIO slot, a switch can be connected to terminal number 14 and 16 to switch between two different setpoints SV1 and SV2.

3.3.4 Communication function

S or S4 module can be installed at COMM slot to communicate with a computer. The instrument can be controlled by computer. A RS232C/RS485 or USB/RS485 converter can enable a computer connect to AI instruments through RS232 or USB communication port. Every communication port of a computer can connect up to 64 AI instruments, or 100 AI instruments if a repeater is installed. A computer with 2 communication ports can connect to up to 200 instruments. Please note that every instrument connecting to the same communication line should be set to a unique communication address. When number of the instruments is big enough, 2 or more computers can be used and built into a local network.

AIDCS application software, a distributed control system software developed by Yudian, can control and manage 1～200 AI instruments, record the data, generate and print reports. If users want to develop their own distributed control system by themselves, the communication protocol of AI instruments can be free offered. There are already many famous distributed control system software support AI instruments.

3.3.5 Temperature retransmitter / set current output

AI-518 instruments can transmit PV (process value) into linear current output with retransmission accuracy 0.5%F.S. The corresponding parameters are set as below:

When CtrL=0(on-off control), oP1=1, 2 or 4 (linear current output), the main output works as retransmission output, and the output current is defined by oPL and oPH. At this time, the lower display window is closed.

Sn: to select input specification

dIL: to define the low limit of retransmission.

dIH: to define the upper limit of retransmission

oP1: 1, 2, or 4 which means 0～10mA, 0～20mA or 4～20mA output.

oPL: the current output when PV≤dIL. The unit is 1%.

oPH: the current output when PV≥dIH. The unit is 1%.

For example, in order to retransmit temperature read from K thermocouple, range 0～400℃, to current 4～20mA, the param eters are set as below: Sn=0, dIL=0.0, dIH=400.0, oP1=4, oPL=0, oPH=100 and X3 or X5 linear current module is installed in OUTP slot. When the temperature is less than or equal to 0℃, the output is 4mA. When the temperature equals to 400℃, the output is 20mA.

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《模拟联合国》社团课名称：模拟联合国科目：英语课程类型：选修适合对象：高一、二学生课程开发类型：自编讲义授课教师：卢洋一、课程简介：模拟联合国（Model United Nations，简称MUN）是对联合国以及其它国际组织和机构的会议流程进行模拟的一种活动，简称模联。在模拟联合国会议中，参与者主要是青年学子们，他们扮演各国的外交官，依据联合国及其它国际组织的议事规则，讨论当今国际上的热点问题。作为各国代表，参与者在会议中代表的是一个“国家”（双代表制），在会议主席团的主持和引导下，他们通过演讲阐述“自己国家”的立场和观点，与其它国家的代表沟通与协作，共同解决矛盾与冲突。二、课程意义：模拟联合国社团课的目的在于使青年学生们对联合国的运作方式和议事规则有更加深入的了解，同时通过扮演各国外交官、模拟联合国会议流程、讨论国际热点问题的方式。同时，模拟联合国社团课着重于培养青年学生们进行有效演讲、有效辩论、有效沟通的能力以及锻炼参与者们解决问题的能力。此外，在模拟联合国会议中，各位代表所代表的国家并非是自己真正所属的国家，对其他国家政治、经济、外交政策以及一些具体问题的调研，有助于增进国家之间的理解以及加强对多元文化的认同及包容性。三、课程目标： 1、了解联合国的相关知识及模拟联合国的基本知识； 2、能围绕某一过意热点话题，收集资料，并形成自己的观点，撰写立场文件； 3、掌握辩论和游说的技巧； 4、拓展国际视野、激发学习能力、培养领袖气质和合作精神； 5、培养团队合作精神，培养风度、气质、领导力； 6、提高沟通和表达的能力，增强社会责任感四、课程内容： 1、了解联合国和“模拟联合国”相关知识运用资料和视频简述“模拟联合国”会议的流程和联合国常识；运动资料说明“模拟联合国”会议文件写作要求、时事要点、逻辑分析常识。 2、撰写立场文件简述搜集资料的方法和途径；分小组搜集资料并汇总；举例说明撰写立场文件的方法；根据某一话题独立撰写立场文件。 3、正式会议流程的学习熟悉“模拟联合国”会议的具体流程；辩论技巧及游说技巧的专项学习；草案、修正案的撰写指导；选择话题开展完整的“模拟联合国”会议。五、课程评价：本课程以小组和个人相结合的方式开展评价，以等级制（A、B、C、D）来表示。平时表现包括：1.上课发言和专注情况；2.分工合作情况；3.文件撰写质量； 4.正式活动时的活动表现。

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