Module 2 Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained Period 3 Grammar
Present perfect tense&Present perfect continuous tense
【学习目标】 1.掌握现在完成时和现在完成进行时的用法。
2.
区分现在完成时和一般过去时及现在完成时和现在完成进行时。
【知识线索】 现在完成时是一种既涉及过去又联系现在的时态。现在完成进行时是动作开始
于过去，持续到现在，有可能还会延续下去的时态。
1.He has lived in Beijing for ten years.
2.I have already seen the film.
3.He has been learning English for 6 years.
4.I have been looking for you everywhere.
【知识构建】
现在完成时：
1.现在完成时的构成：肯定句_________________
否定句______________ 疑问句______________
主语( I/We/You/They) + ______ +过去分词
主语(He/She/It) + _______ +过去分词
Keys: have/has +过去分词；have/has + not +过去分词；
Have/Has +主语+过去分词......?；have; has
2.现在完成时的用法：
⑴ The boy _ _ (catch) a bird. He is very happy. has caught
(2) Jack _________ (see) the concert. He doesn ’t want to see it again. has seen
牛津高中英语模块二第一单元
课时目标呈现
新知导学课中师生互动
课前自主预习
(3) She ____ just _______ (come) back from the USA. has come
(4) I _____ never ______ (visit) San Francisco in the USA. have visited
总结:现在完成时: 表示发生在过去的事情对现在产生的影响(说话者强调过去的事情对现在产生的影响)或说话时刚刚完成的动作。常用的时间状语有just(刚刚) already(已经) ever(曾经) recently(最近) never(从未) yet(已经，用于否定句或疑问句) before(以前) lately(最近)。
(5)In the past few years, great changes _________ (take) place in my hometown.
have taken
(6)He _________(write) 8 books so far. has written
(7)We _________(learn) English for 6 years. have learned
(8)I ___________(work) here since I left college. have worked
总结：现在完成时：表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在。表示从过去到现在并包括现在在内的时间状语有：lately, recently, in the last/past few days/weeks/months/years(在过去的几天/星期/月/年里), during the last/past two days(在过去的两天里), so far(到目前为止), up to now, since+过去时间点，for+一段时间，since then(自从那时起）these days......
(9)We __________ (visit) Beijing three times. have visited
总结：现在完成时: 表示从过去到现在之间曾经历过的事情，常和以下词语连用：once(一次，曾经)，twice(两次），three times(三次），before, ever, never。
(10)This is the first time that I ________ (come) here. have come
(11)This is the best teacher I ______ ever _____(meet). have met
总结：This/It/That is the first/second...time +that从句(这是某人第几次做某事)。This /That/It is the 形容词最高级+n. +that从句。that从句中谓语动词要用现在完成时。
(12)Don’t get off the bus until it ________ (stop). has stopped
(13)I won’t believe you unless I ________ (see) it with my own eyes. have seen
总结：现在完成时在时间、条件或让步状语从句中表达将来某时已经完成的动作，即用现在完成时表将来完成时。
(14)---- Where is Li Hua ?
-----He ______ to the reading room. (has been/has gone) has gone
(15)----She knows about Shanghai.
-----She _______ to Shanghai twice.(has been/has gone) has been
总结：表示曾经去过某地，人已回来用have/has been to; 表示已去某地，人还未回来用have/has gone to。
(16)我来这儿有20年了。
I have come here for 20 years. (False)
I have been here for 20 years. (True)
I came here 20 years ago. (True)
总结：瞬间动词可以用于完成时态，但不可以接表示一段时间的状语。若要接一段时间的时间状语，需要用持续性动词表示。常见的瞬间动词有：come, go, join, buy, borrow, lend, leave, arrive, die, marry, begin, start, lose, finish, receive...
现在完成进行时：
1.现在完成进行时的构成：_____________________ have/has been doing
2.现在完成进行时的用法
(17)这篇文章我已经翻译两小时了。
I___________________ the article for two hours. have been translating
(18)自从1987年以来，他一直在这儿工作。
He__________________ here since 1987. has been working
(19)I’m very tired. I ________________(paint) the room all the afternoon.
have been painting
总结：现在完成进行时表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，有可能还会持续下去。常见的时间状语：for+时间段，since+过去时间点，all the time/morning。
现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别：
(20)I ________ (write) a letter. (信已写完) have written
(21)I_____________(write) a letter.(尚未写完）have been writing
总结：现在完成时着重表示动作的结果；而现在完成进行时着重动作一直在进行，及动作的延续性。
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：
(22)He ______ the door. 他锁过门。(现在门是开是锁不清楚）locked
(23)He _________ the door. 他把门锁上了。(现在门是锁着的）has locked
总结：两者都可表示过去发生的动作，但现在完成时表示的是过去的动作对现在的影响，而一般过去时只表示过去有这一动作的事实。
(24)He ________ in Beijing for three years. 他在北京住了三年了。(现在仍住那儿。) has lived
(25)He ________ in Beijing for three years. 他曾在北京住了三年。(现在不住那儿了。) lived
总结：两者都可表示过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作，现在完成时表示该动作仍在继续，而一般过去时则说明该动作现已终止。
【随堂检测】
单项选择
1.Li Lei the pen for five years.
A. has had
B. bought
C. have bought
2. It’s three years since he the army.
A. has joined
B. has been in
C. joined
3.I have been here 4 years.
A. since
B. for
C. from
4.We have learnt English six years ago.
A. since
B. for
C. from
5.My brother the army for 5 years
A. has joined
B. has been in
C. has been to
6.In the past ten years the workers many houses.
A. have built
B. had built
C. built
Keys: 1----5 ACBABA
【课堂小结】
课时训练
（ 层次
A ） 一.用动词的适当形式填空.
1. I never (hear) of that before.
2. She just (finish) her homework
3. you ever (ride) a horse?
4. -- you (milk)the cow yet ?
--Yes, I (do)that already.
5. I (not see)her these days.
6. She (learn)English for three years.
7. They (live) here since 1990.
8. What (happen)to the USA in the last 350years?
课后训练提升
Keys: 1.have heard 2.has finished 3.have ridden 4.Have milked; have done 5.haven’t seen 6.has learnt 7.have been living 8.has happened
（层次B ）
单项选择：
1. “_____ you _____ him around the museum yet？”(2007 江苏)
“Yes. We had a great time there.”
A. Have; shown
B. Do; show
C. Had; shown
D. Did; show
2. With the rapid growth of population, the city _____ in all directions in the past five years.
A. spreads
B. has spread
C. spread
D. had spread
3. So far this year we _____ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.(2008 福建)
A. saw
B. see
C. had seen
D. have seen
4. I wonder why Jenny ______ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.(2002 全国)
A. hasn’t written
B. doesn’t write
C. won’t write
D. hadn’t written
5. The construction of the two new railway lines _____ by now.(2006 陕西)
A. has completed
B. hae completed
C. have been completed
D. has been completed
6. “How long ______ you ____ each other?”
“Well, it _____ nearly two years since we met last.”
A. didn’t; see; is
B. haven’t; seen; had been
C. don’t; see; has been
D. haven’t; seen; has been
7. His sister left home in 1998, and _____ since.(2009 全国)
A. had not been heard of
B. has not been heard of
C. had not heard of
D. has not heard of
8. “Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?”
“Yes，since she ______ the Chinese Society.”(2008 海南宁夏)
A. has joined
B. joins
C. had joined
D. joined
9. “A long time ago, I ______ in the USA for two years.”
A. have lived
B. had lived
C. was living
D. lived
10. Hello! I _____ you _____ here. How long have you been here?
A. don’t know; were
B. hadn’t known; are
C. haven’t known; are
D. didn’t know; were
11. “I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?”
“Sorry, I ____ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.”(2010 北京)
A. hadn’t made
B. wouldn’t make
C. don’t make
D. haven’t made
12. My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I _____ half of it.(2004 全国)
A. was missing
B. had missed
C. will miss
D. missed
13. “I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.”
“Oh. How nice. Do you know when she ______.”(2004 湖南)
A. was leaving
B. had left
C. has left
D. left
14. Edward, you play so well. But I _____ you played the piano.(2009 全国)
A. didn’t know
B. hadn’t known
C. don’t know
D. haven’t known
15. I’m tired out. I ______ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.(2010 湖南)
A. shopped
B. have shopped
C. had shopped
D. have been shopping
16. We _____ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.(2010 天津)
A. are working
B. have been working
C. worked
D. had worked
17. Now that she is out of work, Lucy ____ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.(2004 北京)
A. had considered
B. has been considering
C. considered
D. is going to consider
18. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshines School, where she _____ English for a year.(2007 湖南)
A. studies
B. studied
C. is studying
D. has been studying
Keys: ABDAD DBDDD DDDAD BBD
【纠错·感悟】