新视野英语4复习题
Passage
Passage 1
Anna arrived far too early. Usually she left things to the last mute, but today was a very special occasion. It was almost as if by getting there an hour beforehand she hoped to cause the plane to arrive sooner. Thoughts raced through her mind. "Do I look all right? Wi11 he notice that I' m wearing a new trouser suit? Will he even recognize me?" After all, it was a year almost to the day since she had last seen Joe. She fished a mirror out of her handbag and inspected hex face. Too much make-up? Joe had never made any comment but she knew that he did not approve of heavy make-up--" gilding the lily", he called it.
It was funny how much importance she attached to making a good impression on him. After all, friends do not judge each other by appearance. All the same, it was the first meeting after a long separation, and she wanted everything to go off right.
Looking out of the window, Joe caught a first glimpse, through a break in the clouds, of the town far below. This was his third visit, and looked like becoming an annual event. Certainly it was very flattering that they had invited him to be the guest lecturer at their Autumn Congress yet again. The Chairman of the Organizing Committee, as a matter of courtesy, had offered to meet him at the airport, as he had done on previous occasions. This time, however, it was not necessary, partly because Joe was quite familiar with the city, but mainly because Anna had said that she could take the afternoon off in order to come and meet him.
1. Anna looked in her mirror because __________.
A) she wanted to check that her make-up was alright
B) in case she had too much make-up on
C) she knew that Joe disapproved of heavy make-up
D) she wanted to make a good impression on Joe
2. Anna thought that Joe might not recognize her because
A) she was wearing a new suit.
B) he had not seen her for about a year.
C) He might expect someone else to meet him.
D) She had changed a lot in the past year.
3. When did Anna get to the airport?
A) About an hour earlier. B) Just before the plane was due to land.
C) At the last possible minute. D) Shortly after the plane had arrived.
4. How many times had Joe been to this town?
A) Several times before. B) Three times before.
C) Twice before. D) Four times before.
5. Joe did not want the Chairman to meet him because ________.
A) the Chairman was not willing to meet him
B) he was not sure which day he would travel
C) he could not find his own way to the city center
D) he thought that Anna would be there to meet him
Passage 2
One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one's mistakes. It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like "I was wrong about that," and it is even harder to say, "I was wrong, and you were right about that."
I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store in the neighborhood where I grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the
egg cartons. Then he related an incident and I began to remember vaguely the incident he was describing.
I was about eight years old at the time, and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly grocery shopping. On that particular day, I must have found my way to the dairy food department where the incident took place.
There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs in dozen and half-dozen cartons. The cartons were stacked three or four feet high. I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks. Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the display back together, so I went to work.
The manager heard the noise and came rushing over to see what had happened. When he appeared, I was on my knees inspecting some of the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as though I was the culprit. He severely reprimanded me and wanted me to pay for any broken egg. I protested my innocence and tried to explain, but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently the manager did not.
1. How old was the author when he wrote this article?
A) About 8. C) About 15. B) About 23. D) About 25,
2. Who should be to blame for knocking off the stacks of cartons of eggs?
A) The manager. B) The writer.
C) A woman. D) The writer' s mother.
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) It was the author who put the display back together.
B) A woman carelessly knocked off the stacks of cartons.
C) The writer was severely reprimanded by the manager.
D) The woman who knocked off the stacks of cartons was severely reprimanded by the manager.
4. What is the best title for the passage?
A) An Incident That I Remember. B) I Used to Be the Culprit.
C) It's Hard to Admit One's Mistakes. D) A Case of Mistaken Identity.
5. The tone of the article expresses the author's
A) admiration for the manager' s willingness to admit the mistakes he made
B) regret for the mistake he made in the grocery store
C) indignation against the woman who knocked off the stacks of cartons of eggs
D) anger to the manager for his wrong charge
Passage 3
As we know, it is very important that a firm should pay attention to the training of its staff as there exist many weak parts in its various department. Staff training must have a purpose, which is defined when a firm considers its training needs, which are in turn based on job descriptions and job specifications.
A job description should give details of the performance that is required for a particular job, and a job specification should give information about the behavior, knowledge and skills that are expected of an employee who works in it. When all of this has been collected, it is possible to make a training specification. This specifies what the training Department must teach for the successful performance of the job, and also the best methods to use in the training period.
There are many different training methods, and there are advantages and disadvantages of all of them. Successful training programmes depend on an understanding of the difference between learning about skills and training in using them. It is frequently said that learning about skills takes place "off the job" in the classroom, but training in using these skills takes place "on the job", by means of such activities as practice in the workshop.
It is always difficult to evaluate the costs and savings of a training programme. The success of such a programmes depends not only on the methods used but also on the quality of the staff who do the training. A company can often check on savings in time and cost by examining the work performed by the workers and technicians who have completed a training programme. The evaluation of management training is much more complex than that.
1. To be successful in our training programmes, one must understand the difference between
A) the savings in time and cost_________.
B) learning about the skill. and training in using them
C) what is taught and how it is taught
D) a job description and a job specification
2. The success of a training programme depends on__________.
A) the place where the training takes place
B) the proper evaluation of the costs and savings of the programme
C) the performance of the workers and technicians trained in the programme
D) the training methods and the quality of the training staff
3. A training specification attaches great importance to__________.
A) the performance required for a certain job
B) the behavior, knowledge and skills expected of an employee
C) the training contents and methods
D) the costs and savings of the programme
4.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) As there exist weak parts in different departments of a finn, the training of its staff is highly necessary.
B) A training specification is based on the information collected from a job description and a job specification.
C) Learning about skills and training in using skills usually don't take place at the same place.
D) It is easier to evaluate management training than to evaluate the training of workers and technicians.
5. The best title for the passage might be__________.
A) The Importance of Staff Training. B) Staff Training Programme
C) How to Describe and Specify a Job D) A Successful Training Programme
Passage 4
Washington Irving was America's first man of letters to be known internationally. His works were received enthusiastically both in England and in the United States. He was, in fact, one of the most successful writers of the time in either country, delighting a large general public and at the same time winning the admiration of fellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the United States. The respect in which he was held partly owing to the man himself, with his warm friendliness, his good sense, his urbanity, his gay spirits, his artistic integrity, his love of both the Old World and the New. Thackeray described Irving as a "gentleman, who, though himself born in no very high sphere, was most finished, polished, witty, socially the equal of the most refined Europeans." In England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford--an unusual honor for a citizen of a young, uncultured nation--and he received the Royal Society of Literature; America made him ambassador to Spain.
Irving's background provides little to explain his literary achievements. A gifted but delicate child, he had little schooling, He studied law, but without zeal, and never did practice seriously. He was immune to his strict Presbyterian home environment, frequenting both social gatherings and the theater.
1. The main point of the first paragraph is that Washington Irving was ___________.
A) a man whose personal charm enabled him to sell basically inferior work
B) a man who was able to move from literature to politics
C) a writer who had great success both in his own country and abroad
D) America' s first man of letters
2. What is implied by the comment about Scott, Poe and Hawthorne?
A) More Americans than Britons admired Irving.
B) Irving' s work was not only popular, but also of high literary quality.
C) Scott, Poe, and Hawthorne were primarily responsible for Irving's success.
D) Irving enjoyed great popular admiration.
3. Thackeray considered Irving
A) the most refined European of his time
B) one of the most refined Europeans
C) refined, like most Europeans
D) not inferior to Europeans of the highest refinement
4. Which of the following best describe~ the effect of Irving's personal qualities on his literary success?
A) His personal qualities were entirely responsible for his literary success.
B) His personal qualities were primarily responsible for his literary success.
C) His personal qualities had some influence on his literary success.
D) His personal qualities had no influence on his literary success.
5. Which of the following best describes the effect of Irving's Presbyterian background on his life?
A) It fostered his love for the theater.
B) It developed his skills in business transaction.
C) It promoted his interest in law.
D) It had almost no effect on his life.
Passage 5
When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer' s claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty (保单), or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.
A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer' s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.
Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.
Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firefly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than" This stereo (立体声音响) does not work".
The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firefly as possible. But if a polite complaint dogs not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers' rights.
1.When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he or she should do is to ___________.
A) complain in person to the manger
B) threaten to take the matter to court
C) write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase
D) show some written proof of the purchase to the store
2. If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his or her problem, it is better to complain to __________.
A)a public organization B)a shop assistant
C) a store manager D) the manufacturer
3. The most effective complaint can be made by __________.
A) asking politely to change the item
B) saying firefly that the item is of poor quality
C) explaining exactly what is wrong with the item
D) showing the faulty item to the manufacturer
4. The phrase "live up to" (Line 2, Para. 1) in the context means"__________".
A) realize the purpose of B) keep the promise of
C) meet the standard of D) fulfill the demands of
5. The passage tells us ____________.
A) how to deal with complaints from customers
B) how to avoid buying a faulty item
C) how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item
D) how, to settle a consumer's complaint about a faulty item
Passage 6
When you turn on the radio, you hear an advertisement. When you watch television, you hear and see an advertisement. If you turn the pages of a newspaper or magazine, again you find an advertisement. If you walk down the street, you see one advertising board after another. All day, every day, people who want to sell you something compete to catch your attention. As a result, advertisements are almost everywhere.
In the West, advertisements are the fuel that makes mass media work. Many TV stations, newspapers, magazines, and radio stations are privately owned. The government does not give them money. So where does the money come from? It comes from advertisement. Without advertisements, there would not be these private businesses.
Have you ever asked yourself what advertising is? Through the years, people have given different answers to the question. For some time it was felt that advertising was a means of "keeping your name before the public". And some people thought that advertising was "troth well told". Now more and more people tend to define it in this way: Advertising is the paid, non-personal, and usually persuasive presentation of goods, services and ideas by identified sponsors through various media.
First, advertising is usually paid for. Various sponsors pay for the ads we see, read, and hear over the various media. Second, advertising is non-personal. It is not face-to-face communication. Although you may feel that a message in a certain advertisement is aimed directly at you, in reality, it is directed at large groups of people. Third, advertising is usually persuasive. Directly or indirectly it urges people to do something. All advertisements try to convince people that the product, idea, or service advertised can benefit them. Forth, the sponsor of the advertisement must be identified. From the advertisement, we can see if the sponsor is a corporation, or a committee, or an individual. Fifth, advertising reaches us through traditional and nontraditional mass media. Included in the traditional media are newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and films. Nontraditional media include the mail, matchbox covers, and billboards.
1. The existence of the privately owned mass media depends financially on __________.
A) the government B) their owner' s families
C) advertisements D) the audience
2. The passage seems to say that different definitions of advertising are given due to _______.
A) the change of time B)the subject of the advertisements
C) the people' s age difference D) the people' s different perspective
3. According to the passage, who are most probably paying for the advertisements?
A) Corporations. B) Committees.
C) Individuals. D) All of the above.
4. Which of the following is considered nontraditional mass media?
A) Newspapers. B) The mail. C) Magazines. D) Films.
5. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the features of advertisements is NOT true?
A) Advertising must be honest and amusing.
B) Advertising is meant for large groups of people.
C) Advertising urges people to do something directly or indirectly.
D) The sponsors are always mentioned in the advertisement.
Passage 7
The key transportation technology for the opening years of the 21st century will be telecommunications. What does telecommunications have to do with international transportation? The obvious linkage is helping ships and aircraft navigate more efficiently, cutting time and operating expenses. This means lower costs of imported goods and cheaper travel for business and pleasure. A less obvious connection is the ability of a clothing manufacturer, for instance, to know the exact location anywhere in the world of materials and finished goods so that inventories (细账) -- and the associated transport, storage, and handling costs——are reduced sharply.
The explosive aspect of the telecommunications/transportation revolution is coming in traditional service industries
and functions: technical services, data entry, financial management, software programming, etc. Consider Fidelity Investments of Boston, whose British subsidiary (子公司) sells shares in German companies to German investors by telephone from London. Cheap telecommunications provide the global transportation "highway" for the work that is performed by Fidelity's customer representatives, Irish call center technicians, Indian software engineers, and Jamaican data entry clerks.
These white-collar activities, many of them paying well above average wages, are becoming steadily more important in all economies. Moreover, they now are "contestable" by any country in the world that has a decent telecommunications system and an appropriately skilled labor force.
What this means is that the last major barrier to international trade ——distance——is being eliminated for an increasing portion of the global economy. Transportation costs no longer will protect inefficient producers. Buyers of goods and services——software, document processing, accounting, tax advice, anything that can be digitized and transported electronically——will have access to suppliers all over the world.
1. In the early years of the 21st century, transportation will especially benefit from ________.
A. cheap telecommunications
B. development of shipping and international air transport
C. international trade
D. skilled labor force
2. The example of Fidelity Investments of Boston shows that ___________.
A. shares can be bought and sold by telephone
B. white-collar workers' wage is more than the average wage
C. distance as the last barrier to international trade is being eliminated
D. white-collar activities are facing the challenges from all over the world
3. In Para. 4, "Transportation costs no longer will protect inefficient producers" probably means that _________.
A. transportation costs will protect efficient producers
B. buyers will no longer turn to inefficient producers for the sake of lower transportation costs
C. inefficient producers will no longer take transportation costs into consideration
D. some producers are inefficient because the transportation costs of their goods are high
4. It can be inferred from the passage that _____________.
A. the price of imported goods will be lower than before
B. white-collar workers are being replaced by computers
C. clothing manufacturers will earn less money
D. global telecommunications will result in the complete disappearance of distance
5. The passage is mainly about ___________.
A. the development of transportation technology
B. the connection between international transportation and telecommunications
C. the advances of traditional service industries
D. the influence of telecommunications on international trade
Passage 8
Regular, moderate alcohol intake——one or two drinks a day ——appears to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease (早老性痴呆症), according to investigators from the study. The team's findings were presented at the World Alzheimer Congress 2000 meeting here.
Dr. Lindsay A. Farrer of Boston University presented the findings at the Alzheime meeting. In an interview with Reuters Health, Farrer said, "Men and women who drink one or two drinks a day had a significantly lower risk of Alzheimer's disease compared to nondrinkers." The investigators reported that compared with nondrinkers, persons drinking more than one to two drinks a day had about 30% lower risk, while those who drank less than one or two drinks a day had about 50%
lower risk.
"From a public health standpoint, it would be premature (不成熟的) to recommend a drink or two as a preventive measure until we see more results," Farrer said. He noted that the USDA (美国农业部) guidelines currently recommend one or two drinks a day, if there are no contraindications(禁忌). "This is a modest level of consumption and in terms of heart disease, this consumption has been associated with a beneficial effect."
The investigators conclude that more studies are needed "to more precisely define the minimal (最小的) level and duration of exposure (to alcohol) necessary to realize a benefit." The study findings about smoking and Alzheimer risk are less clear. "There is no protective effect of smoking for men, but for women who are not carriers of (the gene) APOE 4, there was a trend toward a protective effect," the researchers report, "While among women who are carriers, smoking appears to increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease."
1. Which is TRUE about the findings of Dr. Lindsay A. Farrer?
A. People drinking more than one to two drinks a day had about a 20% higher risk of Alzheimer's disease than those
who drank less than one or two drinks a day.
B. People drinking more than one to two drinks a day had about a 20% lower risk than those who drank less than
one or two drinks a day.
C. People drinking more than one to two drinks a day had about a 30% higher risk than
those who drank less than one or two drinks a day.
D. Nondrinkers had about a 30% lower risk than those drinking more than one to two
drinks a day.
2. Why would it be premature to recommend a drink or two to the public?
A. Because the investigators cannot get the support from the USDA guidelines.
B. Because the investigators lack adequate evidence to prove the effect of moderate
drinking.
C. Because it is extremely dangerous for some people to do so. .
D. Because there is no clear evidence which shows the protective effect.
3. According to the passage, moderate drinking _____________.
A. can stop heart problems
B. may be good for one's health
C. is widely recommended by doctors
D. can solve all the health problems of man
4. The study of the connection between smoking and Alzheimer risk demonstrates that_________.
A. smoking can reduce Alzheimer risk as much as moderate drinking
B. men who smoke are more likely to have Alzheimer's disease than those who don't
C. smoking has no obviously positive effect on Alzheimer's disease
D. for women who are carriers of APOE 4, smoking will surely reduce Alzheimer risk
5. The main theme of the passage is ________.
A. the change in recent drinking habits
B. the World Alzheimer Congress 2000 meeting
C. the possible cure for Alzheimer's disease
D. the connection between alcohol and Alzheimer's disease
Passage 9
The economic effects of the terrorist attacks in the United States are spreading across the country and the world. The attacks in New York City and Washington D.C. have hurt many businesses, especially the airline industry and financial markets. Many companies have been forced to dismiss thousands of workers. Many individual states are concerned about their economic future.
Since the attacks on September 1lth, the stock market suffered major losses. The Dow Jones Industrial Average lost
seven percent of its value. The other major measures of the value of American stocks fell to their lowest levels in three years.
Some economic experts say the drop in the value of stocks could directly affect long- term spending. They say it may cause people to lose trust in the economy and spend less money. Businesses across the country already have reported decreases in sales. Experts note that the American economy was close to a recession even before the attacks.
The airline industry was probably hardest hit by the attacks. The nation's skies were temporarily closed to all air travel. Travelers remain frightened and are avoiding flying. High fuel and labour costs are making the situation worse. The airlines are losing hundreds of millions of dollars each day.
There are also concerns about the economic effects of any military action. This could raise the price of oil. Production could be reduced if a large number of part time troops are called to active duty. Trade could be restricted.
On Monday, the United States Federal Reserve lowered interest rates. The action was designed to support the economy by making it easier for people and businesses to borrow money. The European Central Bank took similar action.
The Bush Administration and Congress are considering several tax and spending proposals. President Bush has already signed into law a forty-thousand-million dollar emergency spending plan.
1. The title that can best express the main idea of the passage is __________.
A. Terrorist Attacks
B. Economic Effects of Terrorist Attacks
C. The Attacks in Big Cities
D. Economic Recession in America
2. The Dow Jones, according to the passage, ____________.
A. fell to the lowest levels
B. spent less money than before
C. suffered major losses
D. was forced to dismiss many workers
3. Which of the following statement is NOT correct?
A. The financial market in America was harmed seriously.
B. The American economy was close to depression right after the terrorist attacks.
C. The airlines are making less money.
D. Many companies are cutting jobs.
4. In the passage the author implies that __________.
A. all the travelers don't want to fly any more
B. the federal government refused to help the airline industry
C. the American government will probably take military action
D. airline officials are confident in the American economy
5. It can be inferred that the European Central Bank ________.
A. lowered interest rates to support the economy
B. took similar action as the Bush Administration
C. signed an emergency plan
D. made it easy to borrow money from itself
Passage 10
Choosing the right school for your child may be one of the most important choices you will ever make for his or her future. It's surprising that so few tools are available to help make such a decision. I have a fairly simple method called "the Embodiment (具体化) Test", which directs that you should choose the school which best "embodies" those character traits you want your children to develop.
How should a parent apply them to evaluating a school? First, decide what kind of character traits you want your children to develop. Then, look to see how different schools actually "embody" these traits ——how they manifest in the actual behavior of teachers, administrators, students and parents.
Observe the teachers for more than just a few minutes. Spend a few hours. Do they embody the kind of character you want your child to be tutored in? Do they honor the individuality of each child? Are they truly passionate about teaching? Talk with parents who have children at the school. Why did they choose the school? And, of course, observe the students. Are they happy on the playground? Do they show confidence in expressing their individuality? Do
they exhibit competence in the classroom?
These are the true tests of a school: does it help you deliver the kind of "whole" child you've intended to raise? And it is only a "whole" child that is happy, successful, and fulfilled.
Of course, information, knowledge and intellect are crucial in today's hyper-competitive world. No sane (理智的) parent or teacher would overlook them. But they are actually the easiest things to teach and measure. It is the deeper elements of character ——and how they relate to information, knowledge and intellect- that are more elusive (难把握的), harder to cultivate. It is these components of a good education that will stand the test of time. These will enable your child to adapt to the tumultuous (骚动的), frenetically (发狂地) changing world that we live in. These are the foundations of tree happiness, of tree attainments (成就), of true meanings for a life lived well.
1. The author of the passage is most likely a _________.
A. parent
B. school teacher
C. journalist
D. friend of a parent
2. It can be inferred that the most important factor in determining the ultimate success of
a child is _________.
A. knowledge
B. intellect
C. information
D. character
3. Which of the following is NOT a step in testing a school?
A. Discuss with the parents whose children are at the potential school.
B. Watch the students carefully to have a better understanding of their life at the school.
C. Interview some teachers, administrators and students.
D. Observe the teachers to get more information needed.
4. A "whole" child should have the following qualities EXCEPT__________.
A. passion
B. intelligence
C. individuality
D. competence
5. Which of the following is the reason why you conduct "the Embodiment Test"?
A. It is crucial in today's hyper-competitive world.
B. It will enable a child to adapt to the changing world that we live in.
C. It directs that you choose the school which best "embodies" those character traits you want your
children to develop.
D. It is the foundation of true happiness, true attainments and true meanings of life.
Vocabulary and Structure
1. The ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated _________ instead of mechanically.
A)manually B) artificially C) automatically D) synthetically
2. The boy spent as much time watching TV as he __________ studying.
A) does B)had C)was D)did
3. The author of the report is well __________ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.
A) informed B) acquainted C) enlightened D) acknowledged
4. All flights ___________ because of the terrible weather, they had to go there by train.
A) having been canceled B) had been canceled
C) having canceled D) were canceled
5. Tryon was extremely angry, but cool-headed enough to __________ storming into the boss' office.
A) prevent B) prohibit C) turn D) avoid
6. He __________ to his customers and halved the price.
A) leaked B) drew C) quoted D) yielded
7. The mother did not know who __________ for the broken glass.
A) blamed B) to blame C) be blamed D) would blame
8. None of us expected the chairman to __________ at the party. We thought he was still in hospital.
A)turn in B)turn over C)turn up D)turn down
9. The football game comes to you ___________ from New York.
A ) lively B) alive C) live D ) living
10. Contrast may make something appear more beautiful that it is when ___________ alone.
A) seen B) is seen C) to be seen D) having been seen
11. The statistical figures in that report are not ________. You should not refer to them.
A)accurate B)fixed C) delicate D)rigid
12. Things might have been much worse if the mother ___________ on her right to keep the baby.
A)has been insisting B)had insisted C)would insist D)insisted
13. My brother' s plans are very _________; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen.
A) arbitrary B) aggressive C) ambitious D) abundant
14.Reading ___________ the lines, I would say that the Government are more worried than they will admit.
A) behind B) between C) along D) among
15. Mobile telecommunications' __________ is expected to double in Shanghai this year as a result of a contract signed between the two companies.
A ) capacity B) potential C) possession D ) impact
16. The ___________ stuck on the envelop says "By Air".
A) diagram B) label C) signal D)mark
17. The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural
A) tradition B) transportation C) transmission D) transformation
18. He wasn't appointed chairman of the committee, ________ not very popular with all its members.
A) to be considered B)considering C)being considered D)having considered
19. _________ energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, an earthquake.
A ) Accumulated
B ) Gathered C) Assembled D) Collected
20. There is no _________ to the house from the main road.
A ) access B) avenue C) exposure D) edge
21. There was such a long line at the exhibition _________ we had to wait for about half an hour.
A ) as B) that C) so D) hence
22. Eye contact is important because wrong contact may cream a communication _____________.
A) tragedy B) vacuum C) question D) barrier
23. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play ________ roles in raising children.
A ) incapable B) indispensable C) insensible D) infinite
24. Many a delegate was in favor of his proposal that a special committee _________ to investigate the incident.
A)were set up B)was set up C)be set up D)set up
25. There was a big hole in the road which ________ the traffic.
A)set back B)stood back C)held up D)kept down
26. He is quite sure that it's _________ impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days.
A) absolutely B) exclusively C) fully D) roughly
27. Sometimes children have trouble ________ fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist.
A ) to separate B) separating C) for separating D) of separating
28. The lawyer advised him to drop the __________, since he stands little chance to win.
A) event B) incident C) case D)
29. The article suggests that when a person ___________ under unusual stress he should be especially careful to have a well-balanced diet.
A)is B)were C)be D)was
30. By the time you get to New York, I __________ for London.
A)would be leaving B)am leaving
C) have already left D) shall have left
31. ___________ in the United ~, St. Louis has now become the 24th largest city.
A) The fourth biggest city it was B) Once the fourth biggest city
C)Being the fourth biggest city D) It was once the fourth biggest city
32. Petrol is refined from the _________ oil we take out of the ground.
A ) flesh B) original C) rode D) crude
33. He was punished ___________ he should make the same mistake again.
A)unless B) lest C)if D) provided
34. The article __________ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign
language teaching and learning.
A) calls for B) applies for C) cares for D) allows for
35.All the tasks _________ ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week.
A) have been fulfilled B)were fulfilled
C) having been fulfilled D) been fulfilled
36. Eating too much fat can ___________ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
A) contribute to B) attribute to C) attend to D) devote to
37. The president promised to keep all the board members __________ of how the negotiations were going on.
A) informed B) inform C) be informed D) informing
38. Extensive reporting on television has helped __________ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.
A) gather B) generate C) assemble D) yield
39. The car club couldn't _________ to meet the demands of all its members.
A) ensure B) guarantee C) assemble D) confirm
40. The older New Errand villages have changed relatively little ________ a gas station or two in recent decades.
A ) except B) besides C ) in addition to D) except for
41. Flies and rats are the major means of __________ of the deadly disease in these areas.
A) broadcasting B) spreading C ) transmission D) infection
42. According to the 1999 system of _________ , this creature is a fish.
A) criterion B) category C) classification D) knowledge
43.Reading _________ the lines, I would say that the management are more worried than
they will admit.
A ) behind B) between C) along D) among
44. Women were __________ against the negative comments on their working ability.
A) contradicting B) arguing C) complaining D) revolting
45. Mr. Baker frowned upon the __________ words and behavior of his customer.
A) natural B) humble C) crude D) impolite
46. Chris was seriously punished __________ he should repeat the mistake.
A) unless B) lest C)if D) provided
47. All the tasks ________ in advance, they decided to go on holiday for a week.
A) have been fulfilled B) were fulfilled
C) been fulfilled D) having been fulfilled
48. His political opponents bribed disreputable big wigs to bear _________ to their innocence.
A) witness B) proof C) evidence D) testimony
49. Now that the highway reopens next week, our shopping center should ___________.
A) develop B) thrive C) recover D) normalize
50. Robert is resolved to get a ticket for the concert _________it means standing in a queue
all night.
A)provided B)whatever C) even if D)as if
51. In these days much more stress has been placed ________ developing the students'
productive skills.
A) over B) onto C)in D)on
52. A father should _________ himself against premature death or prolonged illness for the
sake of his-wife and children.
A) insure B) ensure C) reassure D) assure
53. No one had told Smith about a lecture the following day.
A) there be B) there being C) there would be D) there was
54. The hours ___________the children spend in their one-way relationship with television
people undoubtedly affect their relationship with real life people.
A)in which B)on which C)when D)that
55. , he does get annoyed with her sometimes.
A)Although much he likes her B) Much although he likes her
C) As he likes her much D) Much as he likes her
56. You ____________ him closely; you should have kept your distance.
A) shouldn't follow B) shouldn't have been following
C) couldn' t have been following D) mustn' t follow
57. The speaker could hardly find sufficient grounds ___________his arguments in favor of the new theory.
A) to be based on B) to base on
C)which to base on D)on which to base
58. Travelers will see this beverage _____________ wherever you go.
A) to be advertised B) advertised C) advertise D) advertising
59. The latest issue of the magazine ___________ Big Apple band and their performances.
A) stresses B) describes C) displays D) features
60. We take our skin for granted until it is burned ____________ repair.
A ) beyond B) for C) without D) under
61. _____________ she be aware it was too late to go home.
A) No sooner it grew dark than B)Hardly did it grow dark that
C) Scarcely had it grown dark than D) It was not until dark that
62. The Central Intelligence Association ________responsibility for failure to alert the White House sufficiently.
A) refuted B) disapproved of C) denied D) declined
63 .Pumpkin was first bred in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it_____________ in Cuba.
A) being cultivated B) been cultivated C) having cultivated D) cultivating
64. The project ___________ by the end of 2000, will expand the city's telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.
A) accomplished B) being accomplished
C) to be accomplished D) having been accomplished
65. The fast food delivery boy apologized for___________ George's guests in the neighbor-hood party.
A) harassing B) offending C) irritating D) outraging
66. The suspect ____________ that he had not been on the spot at two in the morning.
A)denounced B) announced C ) stated D) contended
67. She' s never been to Madrid, but it' s the place________.
A) where she' d like to visit B) in which she' d like to visit
C) she most wants to visit D) that she wants to visit it most
68. The house was very quiet, _____________ as it was on the side of the mountain.
A) isolated B) isolating
C) being isolated D) having been isolated
69. Yesterday, Maple found a handed-down family vase when he was _________ his items in his basement.
A) managing B) packing C) sorting through D) classifying
70. The customers don't __________ about prices in that city.
A ) debate B) consult C) dispute D) bargain
Cloze
Social factors play a very important role in health. Social conditions and situations not only promote the possibility of illness and disability, __1__also help in diastase__2__and health maintenance. The greatest threats __3__an individual's health and physical wellbeing today__4__largely from unhealthy lifestyles and high-risk behavior, and this is true__5__heart disease, cancer, AIDS and a host of modern day health problems.
Social factor are important__6__influencing the manner in which societies organize their resources to cope__7__health risks and deliver medical __8__to the population at large. Individuals and societies tend to respond __9__health problems in a manner consistent __10__their culture, norms, and values. As Donald Light explains, "medical care and health services are acts of political philosophy"; thus, social and political __11__ influence the choices made, institutions formed, and the levels of funding provided __12__ health. Health is therefore not__13__a matter of biology, but involves a number of factors that are social, cultural, and economic.
The purpose of this book is to__14__the readers to the field of medical sociology. Recognition of the significance of the complex relationship__15__social factors and the level of health characteristic of various groups and societies has led to the development of medical sociology__16__an important area within the general field of sociology. As an academic discipline, medical sociology is__17__with the social causes and consequences of health and illness. Medical sociologists__18__the social aspects of health and disease, the social__19__of health organizations and institutions, the social behavior of health personnel and those__20__are consumers of health care, and patterns of health services.
1 .A)as B)but C)well D)so
2. A) infection B) cause C) prevention D) spread
3 .A)to B)for C) through D) with
4. A) come B) deceive C) result D) reduce
5.A)to B)upon C)for D)by
6.A)on B)at C)in D) from
7 .A)in B)at C) through D) with
8. A) well-being B) benefits C) examination D) care
9.A)with B) towards C)upon D)to
10.A)to B)with C) about D) from
11. A ) philosophy B) disorder C) values D) tendency
12. A) for B) on C) with D) to
13. A ) barely B) simply C) really D) completely
14. A ) confront B) provide C) introduce D) disclose
15. A ) among B) in C) for D) between
16. A ) as B) for C) in D) to
17. A ) concerned B) related C) worried D) dealt
18. A ) focus B) discuss about C) concentrate D) study
19. A ) positions B) status C) functions D) environment
20. A ) who B) whom C) whose D) people
It costs about 12 cents a minute to call London, England, any time of the day or night. That is a 1 of 90% compared to the cost of $1.20 a minute 10 years ago——during a period when the expense of everything 2 rose more than 43%, as 3 by the consumer price index. 4 the year 2005, according to a World Bank 5 , a cost of three cents an hour for a transatlantic (越过大西洋的) high-resolution (高清晰度的) video call is a real possibility.
The precipitous (急促的) drop in the costs of international telecommunications is setting in 6 an extraordinarily
powerful force for 7 the already fast pace of globalization. This force 8 far more than the international distribution of entertainment programs. It is changing 9 jobs are located. This, in turn, is giving 10 to the basis for higher rates of economic growth globally, 11 will subject many firms and some nations 12 heightened, painful international competition.
Two closely interrelated 13 are behind the continuing fall in the telecommunications costs----- technology and deregulation (撤消管制). Advances in semiconductor, optical fiber, and transmission technology------ and the 14 systems——have combined to 15 greatly the costs of international telecommunications.
Deregulation has been led by the U.S., but embraced by an increasing 16 of countries from the developing world as well as the 17 nations. This process has let loose competitive 18 , stimulating the introduction of the latest technology, driving down 19 to telecommunications users, and 20 entire new concepts in serving customers,
such as international call service centers.
1. A. decline B. comparison C. rising D. degree
2. A. extra B. additional C. else D. others
3. A. tested B. measured C. indicated D. shown
4. A. To B. By C. In D. During
5. A. analysis B. meeting C. view D. discussion
6. A. production B. position C. location D. motion
7. A. developing B. increasing C. working D. moving
8. A. affects B. means C. raises D. effects
9. A. when B. that C. whatever D. where
10. A. reason B. cause C. rise D. promise
11. A. and B. so C. but D. hence
12. A. to B. into C. with D. for
13. A. components B. members C. relations D. factors
14. A. manufacture B. manufacturing C. manufactured D. manufacturer
15. A. reduce B. lessen C. stop D. increase
16. A. amount B. sum C. number D. figure
17. A. poor B. agricultural C. primitive D. industrial
18. A. forces B. energies C. elements D. ways
19. A. money B. charges C. demands D. chances
20. A. doing B. starting C. creating D. having
Recently, research indicates that parental divorce increases the risk that offspring (儿女) will see their own marriages end in divorce. If divorce is transmitted 1 generations, it seems likely that marital discord (婚姻不和) is similarly transmitted (传播). This conclusion, however, is premature (过早的). 2 marital discord increases the likelihood of marital dissolution (解散), not 3 divorces are caused by 4 pattern of obvious conflict (矛盾) between 5 , and some continuously stable marriages are slowly discordant (不和谐的). A test of the intergenerational transmission hypothesis (两代传播假设) requires collecting 6 from married parents while children are living at home and 7 the same children after they have left home and 8 . Because few studies have talked with members of two generations, the range of 9 between parents' and children's marriages has rarely been examined.
The study reported here 10 on interviews with a national sample of married individuals in 1980 and their married offspring in 1997. We used these data to answer five questions:
?Does parents' marital quality 11 offspring's marital quality?
?Does the association 12 parents' and offspring's marital quality 13 when
we control for a variety of parental characteristics that might produce an unreal association?
?What processes mediate the intergenerational transmission of marital quality?
?Which aspects of the parents' marriage are most 14 for offspring?
?Are offspring's marriages affected by changes in parents' marital quality?
Although some researchers 15 the term marital quality to spouses' (配偶) reports of satisfaction, we extend the
term to include spouses' reports of a range of marital processes: 16 with the marriage, the amount of 17 interaction, the frequency of arguments and violence, the number of 18 problems in the marriage, and thoughts or actions 19 to divorce. This method makes it possible to decide 20 parents' and children's marriages are linked.
1. A. with B. by C. in D. across
2. A. Because B. After C. Although D. When
3. A. some B. all C. few D. many
4. A. short B. short-term C. long D. long-term
5. A. partners B. parents C. couple D. wives
6. A. ideas B. data C. news D. material
7. A. of B. from C. at D. after
8. A. married B. divorced C. marrying D. divorcing
9. A. absence B. presence C. similarity D. differences
10. A. drawing B. drawn C. drew D. draws
11. A. produce B. promise C. predict D. indicate
12. A. between B. among C. in D. with
13. A. persist B. continue C. last D. produce
14. A. effected B. influenced C. influential D. beneficial
15. A. limit B. have C. tell D. give
16. A. happy B. unhappy C. unhappiness D. happiness
17. A. possible B. positive C. worse D. worst
18. A. knowing B. unknown C. perceived D. perceiving
19. A. leading B. resulting C. causing D. led
20. A. when B. why C. how D. what
Translation
1.他们决不向敌人投降,并决心继续战斗下去。(yield to, fight on)
2.一定要提醒我下次会议的时间，因为我有可能忘记。（remind---of, be likely to）
3.我们必须确保跟上计算机技术的新发展。（keep pace with）
4.目前，任何可能造成这起事故的人都在接受调查。（under investigation）
5.吸烟有可能引起心脏病是反对吸烟的有力证据。（argument against）
6.忽视安全规则导致了这起悲剧性（tragic）事件的发生。（procedures, lead to）
7. 她工作干得那么好,每一分钱都受之无愧。(deserve, penny)
8. 恐怖分子袭击的次数已经增加到了骇人听闻的程度。(terrorist attacks, to a …degree)
9. 当他进入计算机系统时，惊奇地发现一些数据已经被删除了。(log on to, delete)
10. 我们根据学生们的需要而采取不同的教学方法。(a mix of , vary according to)
11. 学习外语对于头脑是一个很好的锻炼。（a discipline for）
12. 这项计划大体上是成功的。（more or less）
13. 40岁是时他就处于事业的顶峰。（at the top of）
14. 在这所学校里，我们致力于培养孩子们的头脑。（aim to, cultivate）
15. 她的家人一般来说都支持他的决定。（be supportive of）
Writing
Students Doing Part-time Work
An increasing number of students are doing part-time work today. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________.
However, there are also some disadvantages for students doing part-time work.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________.
Good or bad, it is not easy for students to get part-time jobs in china now. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________.
The Family Planning in China
China has achieved great success in carrying out the policy of family planning since the 1980s._______________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ .
However, the problem of family planning is still serious in China, especially in China's rural areas.________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________.
What measures should be taken to solve the problem of family planning? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________.
Wealth and health
Which is more important, wealth or health?
Some people think that health is more important.
Others, however, think wealth is more important.
In my opinion, both health and wealth are very important to one’s happiness, but health is more important than wealth.