2016考研英语必考词专训班讲义
陈正康博士编讲
陈正康老师的成功英语誓言
Whether you are lion or gazelle you must sprint for survival！Whether you are poor or wealthy you must strive for success！
I can make it！！
第一部分真题回放
第一节衍生词
professionalization[pr??fe??n?la?ze???n]n.
industrialization[?n?d?str??la??ze???n]n.
centralization[?sentr?lai?zei??n]n.
homogenization[?h??m?d??na??ze???n]n.
同根词homogeneous[,h?m?'d?i:nj?s]a.
[真题例句]The mass media,advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.[2006年阅读1]
[例句精译]媒体、广告和运动是促进同质化过程中的其他力量。
interprovincial[?n?t??pr??v?n?l]a.
[真题例句]But“national”doesn’t have to mean that.“National”could mean interprovincial——provinces combining efforts to create one body.[2005年新题型]
[例句精译]但全国性并不意味着非得在全国范围内；也可以指省与省之间联手创立一个实体。interactivity[??nt?r??kt?vity]n.
[真题例句]The examples of Virtual Vineyards,https://www.doczj.com/doc/7116451096.html,,and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity,hospitality,and security will attract online customers.[1999年阅读2] [例句精译]像Virtual Vineyards和https://www.doczj.com/doc/7116451096.html,及其他开拓者的例子说明：一个销售适类商品的网站，如果将互动性、热情服务、安全性合理结合，肯定会吸引网上用户的。
intermarriage[??nt??m?r?d?]n.
[真题例句]Now,consider three indices of assimilation--language,home ownership and intermarriage.[2006年阅读1] [例句精译]现在，考虑同化作用的3个标志——语言、拥有家庭和通婚。
dissatisfaction[?d?s?s?t?s?f?k?n]n.
dispassionate[d?s?p???n?t] a.
[真题例句]Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned,orderly,systematic,and dispassionate manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.[2003年翻译]
[例句精译]社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它力图像自然科学家研究自然现象那样，用理性的、有序的、系统的和冷静的方式研究人类及其行为
disproportionate[?d?spr??p????nit]a.
[真题例句]By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations.[1995年阅读4]
[例句精译]学校里最糟糕的竞争形式就是不恰当的强调考试。
appropriateness[??pr?upri?tnis]n.
[真题例句]How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount,reliability,and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.[1995年翻译]
[例句精译]这些预测在多大程度上被后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性以及解释这些信息的技能和才智。
overcrowdedness[???v??kra?d?dn?s]n.
[真题例句]The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates.[1998年阅读4]
[例句精译]离开人口过度稠密区的做法影响了以前那种离开寒冷地带去气候宜人之地的趋势。
forgetfulness[f??getf?lnis]n.
anthropologist[??nθr??p?l?d??st]n.
[真题例句]Two anthropologist-linguist s,Franz Boas Edward Sapir,were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century.[2004年翻译]
[例句精译]20世纪上半叶，两位人类语言学家，Franz Boas和Edward Sapir是研究和描述南北美洲土著语言的先驱。
microbiologist[?ma?kr??ba???l?d??st]n.
nonconformist[?n?nk?n?f?:m?st]n.
[真题例句]45.Straitford is most proud of its_____.[2003年阅读1]
[B]nonconformist image
[例句精译]45、“Straitford”感到最骄傲的是它的_____。
[B]与别人不一致的形象
provincialist[pr??vin??list]n.
[真题例句]Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology.[2005年新题型]
[例句精译]魁北克省拒绝加入全国性代理机构是出于地方主义思想。
environmentalist[?n?va?r?n?ment?l?st]n.
intellectualism[?inti?lektju?l?izm]n.
[真题例句]Ravitch’s latest book,Left Back:A Century of Failed School Reforms,traces the roots of
anti-intellectualism(②)in our schools,concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be.[2004年阅读4]
[例句精译]莱维西最新著作《回顾：一百年来学校改革的失败》探索学校里反知识主义倾向的根源，书中的结论是：学校根本未能制衡美国人对学识追求的厌恶。但学校是能够并应该做到这一点的。
misinformation[?misinf??mei??n]n.
subconsciously[?s?b?k?n??sl?]ad.
[真题例句]Thus,things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned.[1995年阅读3]
[例句精译]因此，曾经在大家庭内部通过日常交流就可下意识学到的东西，现在却要有意识地去学。
submillimeter[s?bmili?mi?t?]n.
词以类记
surpass surface surplus surrealism postmodernism
underestimate[??nd?r?estimeit]v.
underprivileged[??nd??privilid?d]a.
[真题例句]For example,they do not compensate for gross social inequality,and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.[1995年翻译]
[例句精译]例如，测试并不弥补明显的社会不公，因此，它们说明不了一个物质条件差的年轻人，如果在较好的环境下成长的话，会有多大的才干。
understatement[??nd??ste?tm?nt]n.
[真题例句]Search for exaggeration and understatements.[2002年阅读1]
[例句精译]留意夸张和打折扣的话。
undertreatment[??nd??tri:tm?nt]n.
[真题例句]It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of“ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying”as the twin problems of end-of-life care.[2002年阅读4]
[例句精译]报告指出了医院临终关怀护理中存在的两个问题：对病痛处理不力和大胆使用“无效而强制性的医疗程序，这些程序可能会延长死亡期，甚至会让死亡期难堪”。
词以类记：underline underlie underlying
[真题例句]
60.What does the author think of intellect?
[A]It is second to intelligence.
[B]It evolves from common sense.
[C]It is to be pursued.
[D]It underlies power.
[2004年阅读4]
Such behaviour is regarded as“all too human,”with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.[2005年阅读1]
antibacterial[??ntib?k?tiri?l]a.
[真题例句]He experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery.[1994年阅读5] [例句精译]他（亚历山大·弗莱明爵士）是对抗菌物质进行了长达9年的实验才有了这项发明。
inappropriate[??n??pr??pri:?t]a.
[真题例句]Later,this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis,but this term is somewhat inappropriate.[2004年翻译]
[例句精译]后来此观点成为著名的Sapir-Whorf假设，但这一说法并不适当。
incompetently[in?k?mpit?ntli]ad.
insensitivity[?insens??tiviti]n.
multinational[?m?lti:?n???n?l]a.
[真题例句]Multinational corporations accounted for less than20%of international trade in1982.Today the figure is
more than25%and growing rapidly.[2001年阅读4]
[例句精译]跨国公司在1982年只占有国际贸易不到20%的份额。而现在，这个数字上升到25%强，并且还在迅速上升。
preconception[?pri:k?n?sep??n]n.
preoccupation[pri:??kj??pe???n]n.
[真题例句]If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened,more time might be spent teaching children surer values.[1995年阅读4]
[例句精译]如果学校对学业的强调减少一些，也许就有更多的时间教孩子更重要的价值观念。
supercomputer[?sju:p?k?m?pju:t?]n.
uncontrollable[??nk?n?tr??l?b?l]a.
[真题例句]Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying:“Won’t the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?”[2001年阅读4]
[例句精译]这些国家的许多人面对这个浪潮开始忧虑：“企业合并的浪潮会不会变成一股不可控制的反竞争的力量？”
unpredictability[??npr??d?kt?bility]n.
[真题例句]Unpredictability is part of the essential nature of research.[1999年阅读5]
[例句精译]不可预测性是科学研究不可缺少的一个重要特征。
unenlightened[??nin?laitnd]a.
[真题例句]The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life.[1996年阅读5]
[例句精译]所有这些书的目的是试图告诉那些迷惑而且常常是还不开通的人：就宇宙和生命的起源与发展问题而言，不可能存在两种都成立的科学理论。
unfortunately[?n?f??t??n?tli]ad.
unintentional[??n?n?t?n??n?l]a.
[真题例句]Which of the following is true according to the text?[2004年阅读2]
[D]Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.
[例句精译]根据本文的观点，下面哪项正确？
[D]字母表使用不当可能会导致无意识的偏见和歧视
unprecedented[?n?pres?dent?d]a.
[真题例句]Writing for the National Immigration Forum,Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation.[2006年阅读1]
[例句精译]格雷戈里.罗德里格兹在《国家移民论坛》中写到，今天的移民既没有达到空前绝后的水平也没有能抵挡住同化作用。
unsustainable[??ns??ste?n?bl]a.
[真题例句]Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable.Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it.[2003年阅读4]
[例句精译]任何人都明白这个趋势不可能维持下去，但是很少有人愿意扭转它。
第二节熟词生意
1.They coined a story about the president in order to win the election.
2.This new reform could support the safety net to help families weather bad times.
3.A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia is a promising start.
第三节一词多义
act[?kt]①行动，做事；②（on）起作用，基于；③表演；④（for）代表，代替；n.①行为，动作；②（一）幕；③法令，条例
【真题例句】Governments throughout the world act(v.②)on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community.[2000年翻译]
【例句精译】世界各国的政府都基于一种观点行政，即人民的福利在很大程度上取决于本国的经济实力和国家的财富。
【真题例句】The paid manager acting(v.④)for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands,but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.[1996年阅读3]
【例句精译】代表公司进行管理的领薪经理们与工人和工人的需求形成更加直接的关系，但甚至他们也很少像正在被淘汰的旧式家族企业的家长制中的雇主那样熟悉和了解工人的情况。
【真题例句】The commercial TV channels—ITV and Channel4—were required by the Thatcher Government’s Broadcasting Act(n.③)to become more commercial,competing with each other for advertisers,and cutting costs and jobs.[1996年阅读2]
【例句精译】按撒切尔政府广播法的要求，商业电视频道——第一和第四频道——正在进行商业化，彼此竞争广告业务，降低成本，裁减员工。
address[??dres]n.地址，通讯处，致词；v.①致函，写姓名地址；②向……讲话；③处理,解决
【真题例句】Depending on whom you are addressing(v.②),the problems will be different.[2002年阅读1]
【例句精译】针对不同的听众，要谈的问题也应该不同。
【真题例句】Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are(17：comprehensive)programs that address(v.③)the many needs of the homeless.[2006年完形]
【例句精译】《波士顿环球日报》记者克里斯?雷迪认为只有通过全面规划来解决这些无家可归者的各种需求，这种局面才有可能得到改善。
特别奉献：《陈正康老师2016考研英语真题词汇分频速记宝典》-北京理工大学出版社赠送：高频必考词汇手册
第二部分必备词缀一网打尽
前缀over
overhead[??uv?hed]
overhear[??uv??hi?]
overlook[??uv??luk]
【例】The secretary is very careful and never overlook s any little points. overload[???v??l??d]
oversleep[???v??sli:p]
前缀anti
anticancer[??nti?k?ns?]
antihuman[??nti?hju:m?n]
antiwar[??nti?w?:]
前缀dis
disappear[?dis??pi?]
【例】Don’t judge a person by one’s appearance.
apparent[??p?r?nt]
【例】It was apparent that he knew nothing about how to repair cars.
【例】apparent cause
disappoint[?dis??p?int]
appoint[??p?int]
【例】We must appoint a new teacher at once to the mountain school. disregard[?disri?ɡɑ:d]
【例】She completely disregarded our objection.
regard[ri?ɡɑ:d]
【例】You can't regard him as a friend but a business associate.
with/in regard to对于，就…而论
【例】I have nothing to say with regard to your complaints.
regarding[ri?ɡɑ:di?]介词“关于”
【例】I wrote a letter to my wife regarding my daughter's exam.
regardless[ri?ɡɑ:dlis]
【例】He says what he thinks regardless of all of people's feelings.
disgrace
【例】His scandal disgraced his family.
前缀dis=di=away离开/分开
divide[di?vaid]
dividend[?dividend]
divorce[di?v?:s]
diffuse[di?fju:s]
【例】A drop milk diffused in the water.
confuse[k?n?fju:z]
【例】They confused me by asking so many questions.
【例】I was confused by all the noise.
refuse[ri?fju:z]
discard[dis?kɑ:d]
dissolve[di?z?lv]
【例】Water dissolves salt.
solve[s?lv]
soluble[?s?ljubl]
【例】These tablets are soluble in water.
solution[s??lu:??n]
【例】This is the only practical solution imaginable.
resolve[ri?z?lv]
【例】He resolved on going out.
resolute[?rez??lu:t]
【例】resolute optimist
resolution[?rez??lu:??n]
【例】His encouragement and support strengthened our resolution.
【例】All those in favor of the resolution should raise their hands.
distribute[dis?tribju:t]
【例】They distributed books to students.
tribute[?tribju:t]
attribute[??tribju:t]
【例】David attributed his company's success to the unity of all the staff.
contribute[k?n?tribjut]
contribution[?k?ntri?bju:??n]短语make contribution to doing sth.对…做出贡献distinguish[dis?ti?ɡwi?]
【例】Can you distinguish between those two objects?
【例】The young officer distinguished himself many times in the battle.
distinct[dis?ti?kt]
【例】These two suggestions are quite distinct from each other.
【例】There is a distinct improvement in your study.
distinction[dis?ti?k??n]
【例】A distinction should be made between the primary and secondary contradictions.
extinguish[iks?ti?ɡwi?]
extinct[iks?ti?kt]
【例】Some of the species of birds are extinct.
extinction[?k?st??k??n]
前缀de
degenerate[di?d?en?reit]
detrain[?di:?trein]
deprive[di?praiv]搭配deprive sb.of sth.
【例】deprive him of his civil rights
derive[di?raiv]
【例】Many english words derived from Latin.
devote[di?v?ut]
短语devote……to doing sth.
【例】devote his life to helping the poor
前缀uni
unite[ju:?nait]
union[?ju:nj?n]
【例】the union between the two parties；student union
unique[ju:?ni:k]
【例】unique opportunity
uniform[?ju:nif?:m]
universe[?ju:niv?:s]
university University of Cambridge
college medical college
institute Massachusetts Institute of Technology
前缀mono
monotonous[m??n?t?n?s]=mono+ton（tone）+ous
monologue[?m?n?l?ɡ]=mono+logue（talk）
monopoly[m??n?p?li]=mono+poly（sell）
前缀bi
bicycle[?baisikl]
recycle[?ri:?saikl]
【例】The glass of the bottle can be recycled.
其形容词为recyclable“可回收利用的”
bimonthly[?bai?m?nθli]
【例】a bimonthly magazine双月刊
bilingual[ba??l??gw?l]
combine[k?m?bain]
【例】The two countries combined to fight against their common enemy.后缀atory=tory
dormitory[?d?:mitri]=dorm（sleep）+I+tory（地点，场所）dormant[?d?:m?nt]“休眠的”，如dormant volcano休眠性的火山territory[?terit?ri]=terr（earth）+I+tory
laboratory[l??b?r?t?ri]=labor+atory
observatory[?b?z?:v??t?:ri:]=observ（observe）+atory
后缀ate
graduate[?ɡr?djuit]
candidate[?k?ndidit]
advocate[??dv?keit]
secretary[?sekr?t?ri]=secret+ary
contemporary[k?n?temp?r?ri]=con（together）+tempor（time）+ary 【例】Beethoven is contemporary with Napoleon.
【例】contemporary writer
后缀titude
attitude[??titju:d]
【例】Attitude is everything.
multitude[?m?ltitju:d]
短语a multitude of大量的
【例】There are a multitude of reasons against it
课程铸就品质服务感动学员后缀ify
purify['pj?r?fa?]
simplify['s mpl fa]
beautify['bj t?'fai]
unify['jun fa]
classify['kl?s fa]
rectify['r kt fa]
humidify[hju(:)?midifai]
第三部分同根单词说文解词mit表示send发射
transmit[tr?nz?mit]
transform[tr?ns'f?rm]
translate[tr?ns'let]
transplant[tr?ns'pl?nt]
transport[tr?ns?p?:t]
emit[i?mit]
【例】The laser can emit beams.
evaporate[i?v?p?reit]
eliminate
eradicate
evaluate
enormous
emerge
emigrate
turb=stir搅动
turbine[?t?:bin]涡轮机
turbulent[?t?:bjul?nt]狂暴的，骚动的，动荡的
【例】turbulent weather;turbulent crowd;turbulent period disturb[dis't?:b]vt.打扰,使焦虑,使烦恼
perturb[p?'t?:b]vt.使烦恼,不安
per=through从头到尾，每一个
perfect[?p?:fikt]=per+fect(do)
同根单词：fact factory manufacture
词以类记：affect
effect
infect
pose=put摆放
compose[k?m?p?uz]v.组成，构成，作曲，作图，作文
【例】England,scotland and wales compose the island of great britain.
com=together一起
compress[k?m?pres]
词以类记：condense
confirm
affirm
expose[?k?sp??z]vt.暴露，曝光，揭露
【例】Our skin is exposed to the sunshine.
impose[im'p?uz]vt.强加，施加
duce=lead引导
introduce[??ntr??dju:s]=intro（inner）+duce（lead）
reduce[ri?dju:s]=re（back）+duce（lead）
seduce[si?dju:s]=se+duce（lead）
引申：induce
produce[pr??dju:s]=pro（forward）+duce（lead）
词以类记：prolong
progress
duct n.管道，导管
conduct v.引导，指挥
conductor n.指挥家，乘务员，导体
辨析：semiconductor
misconduct
misdeed
cide=cut切
decide[di?said]
词以类记devote define
同根单词
finite define definition definitely confine
infinite infiniti
pesticide[?pestisaid]=pest+I+cide（cut）
suicide[?sjuisaid]
【例】commit suicide
引申：insecticide
homicide
Inter=相互之间
interview
review
preview
词以类记predict indicate dictation dictator contradiction dictionary nov=new
innovation[??n?u?vei??n]
innovate
innovative
renovate[?ren?veit]
auto表示自己/自动
automatic[??:t??m?tik]自动化的，automation自动化
automated teller machine ATM
automobile
auto-reverse
reverse[ri?v?:s]=re（again）+verse v.翻转，逆转，颠倒a.颠倒的，相反的converse['k?nv?:s]a.相反的,逆的
adverse['?dv?:s]a.不利的,相反的，有害的，逆的
引申adapt adjust adopt
universe[?ju:niv?:s]
versatile[?v?:s?tail]
引申mobile fertile infer transfer prefer
Ject=投掷/喷射
reject[ri?d?ekt]
eject[i?d?ekt]
projector[pr??d?ekt?]
inject[in?d?ekt]
object[??bd?ikt]=ob（=against）+ject
subject[?s?bd?ikt]=sub+ject向下扔，v.使遭受…….使受罪
【例】The parents are unwilling to subject their children to the unhappiness of divorce. tele=远的
telegraph[?tel??gr?f]=tele＋graph
autobiography[??:t?ubai??ɡr?fi]
telescope[?telisk?up]=tele+scope（范围）
scope【例】beyond the scope of people‘s imagination（超越了人们的想象）
television[?teli?vi??n]=tele+vision（图象）
vision的其他含义：视力，洞察力
【例】a statesman with great vision
vis表示see
visual[?vi?u?l]视觉的
【例】visual effect
visible[?viz?bl]
invisible[in?viz?bl]
supervise[?sju:p?vaiz]
supervisor
visit[?vizit]
telephone[?telif?un]=tele+phone（phon=sound）microphone[?maikr?f?un]
stereophone[?sti?r?f?un]
symphony[?simf?ni]=sym（same）+phon（sound）+y sympathy[?simp?θi]=sym+path（感情）+y
引申：antipathy
symmetry['simitri]
vac=vacu=empty空
vacant[?veik?nt]
【例】vacant post/hotel room/parking place
vacation[v??kei??n]
【搭配】on vacation
evacuate[i?v?kjueit]
【例】The village was evacuated because of the floods.
flu=flow
flu
fluent[?flu:?nt]
【例】She can speak fluent English.
fluid[?flu:?d]
influence[?influ?ns]
influential
辨析：affect和influence
fluctuate[?fl?ktjueit]
scribe=write
describe[dis?kraib]
prescribe[pri?skraib]
inscribe[?n'skra?b]
subscribe[s?b?skraib]
【例】The subscriber you dial is busy now,please redial later. manuscript[?m?njuskript]
词根ordin=order顺序
coordinate[k?u??:dineit]
【例】coordinate with movements in swimming
【例】Our efforts need to be further coordinated for higher efficiency. subordinate[s??b?:dinit]
【例】All the other issues are subordinate to this one.
【例】He subordinated his wishes to the general good of the group.
cap=head,catch,hold
capital[?k?pitl]
captain[?k?ptin]
capture[?k?pt??]
captive['k?pt?v]
escape[is?keip]
capable[?keip?bl]
【例】The company was not capable of handling such a big order. capacity[k??p?siti]
【例】She has great capacity of learning English.
sist=stand
assistant[??sist?nt]
【例】A team of nurses assisted the doctors in performing the operation. resist[ri?zist]
【例】resist temptation/infection抵制诱惑/抗传染
resistant[ri?zist?nt]
【例】water resistant
【例】resistant to the social reform
resistance[ri?zist?ns]
【例】the resistance to the disease
irresistible[??r??z?st?b?l]不可抵制的
insist[in?sist]=in+sist
persist[p??sist]=per（through）+sist
【例】The boy insisted on taking the case for the girl.
【例】As a college student,we should persist in doing physical exercises in order to keep a healthy body.
consist[k?n?sist]=con（together）+sist包含,包括
【例】我们班有100名同学，可以表达为：
Our class is composed of100students.
Our class is made up of100students.
Our class consists of100students.
Consist with
Consistent
clud=close=shut
include[in?klu:d]
exclude[?k'sklud]
conclude[k?n?klu:d]
【例】He concluded his lecture with a funny story.
exclusive[iks?klu:siv]
【例】exclusive interview
【例】The bathroom is exclusive to the president.
rupt=break破裂
rupture[?r?pt??]
【例】the rupture of the blood vessel血管破裂
【例】the rupture of the friendly relations between the two countries两国友好关系的破裂
erupt[i?r?pt]=e（out）+rupt
【例】Violence erupted after the negotiation.谈判后爆发了暴力冲突。
bankrupt[?b??kr?pt]
【例】The company went bankrupt during the economic crisis.
【例】The investment in the securities bankrupted him.在证券业的投资，使他彻底破产了。注意：securities“证券”，secure形容词表“安全的”，动词表“经过艰苦努力而得到”
【例】They have managed to secure the loan from the bank.他们终于从银行里得到了贷款。
interrupt[??nt??r?pt]=inter+rupt打扰，扰乱，中断
【例】Don’t interrupt me while I’m busy.在我忙的时候千万不要打扰我。
【例】Trade between the two countries was interrupted by the World War Two.由于二战，两国的贸易中断了。disrupt[dis?r?pt]=dis（away）+rupt“使混乱，扰乱,打扰”
abrupt[??br?pt]
【例】abrupt death突然死亡
【例】abrupt manner鲁莽的言行
corrupt[k??r?pt]=cor+rupt
【例】corrupt officials贪污腐败的官员
【例】The pornography spread by the Internet has corrupted the minds of the young people.由网络传播的色情腐蚀着年轻人的思想。
tract=pull
tractor[?tr?kt?]
attract[??tr?kt]
【例】His new book has attracted a lot of public attention.
attraction
attractive
distract[dis?tr?kt]
【例】The students are distracted by the noise outside.
abstract[??bstr?kt]=abs（=ab=off）+tract
contract[k?n?tr?kt]
【例】Metal contracts when it becomes cool.金属在降温的时候会收缩
extract[iks?tr?kt]
【例】extract the herbal essence
subtract[s?b?tr?kt]
【例】subtract3from13从13里面把3刨除出来
fect=do
affect[??fekt]
affection[??fek??n]
【例】have an affection for sb
effect[i?fekt]=ef（out）+fect（do）
affect=have an effect on
【例】Smoking has an effect on our health.吸烟影响健康
【例】dual effect双重功效
effective
【例】effective measures to reduce unemployment有效降低失业率的方法
infect[in?fekt]
【例】He infected the whole class with his enthusiasm.他用他的热情感染了全班
infectious[in?fek??s]=in+fect（do）+ious
【例】infectious disease传染性疾病
perfect[?p?:fikt]=per（through）+fect