Unit 5Nelson Mandela—a modern hero
1．generous(adj.)慷慨的；大方的
2．principle(n.)法则；原则；原理
3．stage(n.)舞台；阶段；时期
4．vote(v t.& v i.)投票；选举
(n.)投票；选票；表决
5．attack(v t.)进攻；攻击；抨击
6．escape(v i.)逃脱；逃走；泄露
7．opinion(n.)意见；看法；主张
8．quality(n.)质量；品质；性质→quantity(n.)数量，量
9．active(adj.)积极的；活跃的→actively(ad v.)积极地；活跃地→activity(n.)活动
10．devote(v t.)献身，专心于→devoted(adj.)忠实的；深爱的→devotion(n.)献身；奉献；忠诚
11．peaceful(adj.)和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefully(ad v.)→peace(n.)和平；平静；和睦
12．legal(adj.)法律的；依照法律的→illegal(反义词，adj.)非法的，违法的
13．violence(n.)暴力；暴行→violent(adj.)暴力的，猛烈的
14．equal(adj.)相等的；平等的→equality(n.)平等；相等→equally(ad v.)同样地；相等地；公平地
15．educate(v t.)教育；训练→educated(adj.)受过教育的；有教养的→education(n.)教育→educator(n.)教育工作者，教育家
16．beg(v i.)请求；乞求→beggar(n.)乞丐
17．reward(n.)报酬；奖金；(v t.)酬劳；奖赏→rewarding(adj.)值得的；有益的；有回报的
1．out_of_work失业
2．as_a_matter_of_fact事实上
3．come_to_power当权；上台
4．turn_to求助于；致力于
5．be_sentenced_to被判处……(徒刑)
6．worry_about担心
7．believe_in信仰，信任
8．in_trouble处于麻烦中，处于困境中
9．lose_heart丧失勇气或信心
10．set_up设立；建立
11．put...in_prison把……投入监狱
12．fight_against反对……而斗争
1．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
名师指津：where引导定语从句修饰stage。
例句仿写：我已经到了应该自己作出决定的人生阶段。
I have reached a point in my life where_I_am_supposed_to make decisions of my own.
2．...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
……只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
名师指津：only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。
例句仿写：只有当我们所有人帮助地震灾区的人们时他们才能很快恢复正常的生活。
Only when all of us help the people in the earthquake area will_they_return_to_their_normal_life quickly.
3．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.
第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很糟糕。
名师指津：the first time引导时间状语从句。
例句仿写：我第一次见到她时认为她善良诚实。
I thought her kind and honest the_first_time_I_met_her.
4．However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.
那个时候你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。
名师指津：this was a time when...曾经，一度，when引导定语从句修饰先行词time。
例句仿写：曾经有一段时间妇女没有选举权。
There was once a time when_women_had_no_right_to_vote.
devote v t .献身；专心于
(陕西卷单词拼写)He has devoted his whole life to world peace.
他把一生都致力于世界和平。
(1)devote oneself/on e’s energy/time/attention to sth.
/doing sth.奉献于……；献身于……
(2)?????
devoted adj .忠实的，深爱的be devoted to 深爱，致力于 (3)devotion n ．关爱，关照；奉献，忠诚
①I’m de voting all my time and energy to_caring_for my son right now.目前我把所有的时间和精力都放在照顾儿子上。
②Her son ，to whom she is (so) devoted ，went abroad last year ，leaving her alone in the small village.
她非常疼爱的儿子去年去了国外，留下她一个人在小村子里。
③He is a_devoted_friend of mine ，a man I can always depend on.
他是我的挚友，一个我一直可以依靠的人。
④Her devotion to her career left her with little time to take care of her family.她全身心投入工作，几乎没有时间来照顾家人。
vote v t .& v i .投票；选举；n .投票；票
教材原句P 34：Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.当时黑人没有选举权，他们无权选择他们的领导人。
(1)????? vote for/against 投票赞成/反对vote on 投票表决
vote to do sth.表决做某事
(2)put...to the vote 付诸表决，裁决
①I thought the plan was very good ，so I voted_for it.
我认为这项计划很好，于是我投了赞成票。
②We will listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it.
我们将先听听双方的论点，然后再表决。
equal v ．等于；抵得上；adj .相等的；胜任的；n .同等的人；相等物
教材原句P 34：But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。
(1)A equals B in...A 在……方面比得上B
be equal to ＋n ./doing sth.等于；与……相等；胜任
be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比；无敌
(2)equality n ．相等；平等
equally ad v .相等地；平等地
①Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.没有什么乐趣比得上在你阅读故事时一个出人意料的结尾所带来的乐趣。
②Any man will be_equal_to the task ，so long as he is careful.You should give it a try.
只要他细心，任何一个人都胜任这份工作，你应该尝试一下。
③(2012·福建卷)Anyone ，whether he is an official or a bus driver ，should be equally respected.任何人，无论他是官员还是公交车司机，都应得到平等的尊重。
reward n ．& v ．报答；报酬；奖赏
(2013·广东卷阅读理解)If you’re not willing to put in the time and work ，don’t expect to receive any rewards.
如果你不愿意花时间去工作的话，不要期待任何回报。
(1)?
???? as a reward for 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏in reward 作为报答，作为奖赏 (2)?????
reward sb.for sth./doing sth.为(做)某事而报答某人reward sb.with sth.用某物奖赏某人 (3)award sb.sth.＝award sth.to sb.授予某人某物
①She got nothing in_reward_for her kindness ，which surprised us all.她的好心没有得到一点回报，这使我们非常吃惊。
②As a reward for passing his exams ，he got a new bike from his parents.
作为对他通过考试的奖赏，他父母给他买了辆新的自行车。
③(牛津P1712)She started singing to the baby and was_rewarded_with a smile.
她开始给孩子唱歌，孩子则报以微笑。
④He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally.他解释说，他的饮食控制得太严格了，以至于不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下。
⑤Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2012，which made the Chinese people very proud.
莫言2012年获得了诺贝尔奖，这使中国人非常自豪。
escape v．& n．逃脱；逃生；泄露
(2013·江西卷阅读理解)Once hooked，fish have no chance of escape.一旦被钩住，鱼是没有机会逃跑的。
(1)escape (doing) sth.逃避(做)某事
escape from从……逃脱；逃避
escape one’s attention/notice逃过某人的注意
(2)sth.escape(s) sb.某物被某人遗忘；未被注意
(3)fire escape太平梯；安全梯；安全出口
a narrow escape九死一生
①Whoever breaks the law won’t escape_punishment/being_punished.不管是谁违反了法律都将不会逃脱惩罚。
②It might have escaped your notice，but I’m very busy at the moment.也许你没注意到，可我此刻非常忙。
③Last year I had a_narrow_escape，and I don’t want to risk my life a second time.
去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．The low-income people____________________(投票反对) increasing the personal income tax，thinking that it would make them poorer.
答案：voted against
2．Now that we can’t agree with each other，we’ll have to____________________(投票表决)．
答案：vote on it
3．Having got involved in a theft，he______________________________(被判处五年徒刑)．
答案：was sentenced to five years in prison
4．We are sure that no one but him____________________(能胜任) taking up the job.
答案：is equal to
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·山西大学附中一模)With the victory at the French Open，Li Na has reached NO.4 in the world，________the previous Asian Record.
A．equaled B．equaling
C．to have equaled D．having equaled
解析：考查非谓语动词。equal是前面所提到的事情所产生的结果，且与句子的逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词作结果状语，应选B。句意为：由于在法国公开赛上的成功，李娜夺得了世界排名第四的好成绩，平了亚洲先前的记录。
答案： B
2．(2014·福建泉州质量检查)According to the new traffic regulations，the punishment of running a yellow light is________ to running a red one.
A．opposite B．equal
C．particular D．open
解析：考查形容词辨析。句意为：按照新的交通法规，闯黄灯与闯红灯的处罚是一样的。根据句意可知应选equal，A is equal to B表示“A与B相同(等)”。
答案： B
3．(2014·福建南平质量检查)Sometimes success doesn’t only d epend on what you do；what you don’t do is________important.
A．generally B．especially
C．equally D．exactly
解析：考查副词辨析。句意为：有时成功不只取决于你做的事情；你没有做的也同样重要。equally同样地，平等地，符合句意。generally一般地，大体上；especially尤其，特别；exactly确切地；准确地。
答案： C
4．(2014·乌鲁木齐第一次诊断测试)Yesterday，I came across my former classmate，but his name________me，which made me embarrassed.
A．forgot B．missed
C．escaped D．reminded
解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：我昨天偶然碰到我以前的同学，但是我记不起来他的名字了，这让我非常尴尬。escape表示“被忘掉”，符合句意。
答案： C
5．(2014·哈尔滨高三模拟)Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was________with a magnificent view.
A．awarded B．admired
C．rewarded D．appreciated
解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：到达泰山顶部的每个人都能看到壮丽的景观。reward 奖赏；奖励，多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答，符合语境。award因……而授予某人……，通常指正式地或官方地颁发、授予；admire钦佩；赞美；appreciate感激；欣赏。
答案： C
6．(2014·皖北协作区高三联考)Yi Jianlian is________the MVP in the 2013 CBA All-Star Game in Guangzhou，Feb.24,2013.
A．rewarded B．appointed
C．awarded D．approved
解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：2013年2月24日易建联在广州的CBA全明星赛上被授予“最有价值球员”。award授予，符合句意。
答案： C
7．(2014·青岛一模)Principal White has been working in the school for about 20 years，________all his energy to teaching and researching as well as the running of a healthy school.
A．devoted B．devoting
C．to devote D．and devote
解析：考查非谓语动词。devote的逻辑主语就是主句的主语Principal White，后面有宾语all his energy，所以用现在分词形式。Devoting表示主动和进行，符合句意。
答案： B
8．Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to________some schools for poor children.
A．set up B．setting up
C．have set up D．having set up
解析：此题中的had to 与set up 并不构成搭配，因为he had 为定语从句，修饰先行词all，set up 应与devote all...to 构成搭配(devote...to...中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词)，即devote all to setting up。
答案： B
9．—I’m going to vote________Jackson in the next election.How about you?
—Me，too.He’s the best man for the position.
A．for B．on
C．against D．in
解析：根据“He’s the best man for the position”可知，Jackson是这一职位的最佳人选，所以投票支持，故选A项。
答案： A
turn to求助于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向
教材原句P35：Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal?
为什么曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？
turn down调小；拒绝
turn into变成
turn off关闭(开关等)
turn over打翻；翻身；移交
turn up调大；出现
turn out证明是；结果是
①(安徽书面表达)However，when it is something beyond my competence，I turned_to_my_classmates or teachers for help.
然而，当有超过我能力的事情时，我向老师和同班同学求助。
②(2010·辽宁卷)Thousands of people turned out to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.
成千上万的人观看了昨天对阵爱尔兰的比赛。
③I’m terribly sorry to turn_you_down this time，but I promise I will make it up to you next time.
非常抱歉这一次我拒绝了你，但是我保证下次一定会补偿你的。
set up设立，建立
(朗文P2039)They want to set up their own import-export business.他们想要成立自己的进出口公司。
set about开始做
set aside把……放在一边；省出，留出
set down写下，记下
set off出发，动身；使爆炸；引起，激发
set out出发，动身；摆放；陈列；开始，着手
①A new school was_set_up for the peasant workers’ children.
一所为农民工孩子开办的新学校建立起来了。
②He set about helping homeless women and children to place of safety.他着手帮助把无家可归的妇女和儿童送到安全的地区。
③She tries to set_aside some money every month.
她每个月都尽量存点钱。
Ⅰ.同义句转换
1．Bob had a word with the saleswoman to see if she was ready to reduce the price.
→Bob had a word with the saleswoman to see if she________ ________ ________reduce the price.
答案：was willing to
2．Adam hasn’t found a job since the factory closed 3 years ago.
→Adam has been________ ________ ________since the factory closed 3 years ago.
答案：out of work
3．I knew we were in a difficult situation when the elevator stopped.
→I knew we________ ________ ________when the elevator stopped.
答案：were in trouble
4．For all these years I have been working for others.I’m hoping I’ll start my own business someday.
→For all these years I have been working for others.I’m hoping I’ll________ ________my own business someday.
答案：set up
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2013·湖北卷)In much of the animal world，night is the time________for sleep—pure and simple.
A．set aside B．set down
C．set off D．set up
解析：这里pure and simple表示“完全，不折不扣”，用来指某事只有唯一的原因。这里用set aside表示“留出，拨出(时间等)”，表示这段时间就是用来睡觉的。set down写下；set off出发；引起；set up建立。句意为：在大多数动物世界里，夜晚就是完全用来睡觉的时间。
答案： A
2．(2014·安徽六校教育研究会高三联考)That Chinese author Mo Yan has been awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature has________a wave of Chinese people’s appetite for serious literature around the world.
A．set up B．set aside
C．set off D．set down
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：中国作家莫言获得了2012年诺贝尔文学奖，这引发了中国人民对全世界严肃文学的渴求。set off引发，激起，符合句意。
答案： C
3．(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)We________to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
A．set about B．set up
C．set out D．set down
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：我们开始着手刷整座房子，但是那天只刷完了前面的部分。set out to do sth.表示“着手做某事”，符合句意。其他三项均不符合句意。
答案： C
4．(2014·郑州调研)A notice was________in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.
A．sent up B．given up
C．set up D．put up
解析：send up发射；give up放弃；set up建立；put up张贴。put up a notice张贴通知。
答案： D
5．(2014·银川部分重点中学模拟)—Everything begins hard.Don’t hesitate to________me if you are in difficulty.
—Thank you，I will.
A．turn out B．turn in
C．turn to D．turn on
解析：考查动词短语辨析。此处turn to表示“向……求助”。turn out表示“结果是”，turn in表示“上交，呈交”，turn on表示“打开”，都不符合语意。
答案： C
6．(2014·浙江六校联考)—Did you see Jay Chou at his album signing event?
—Not really.We waited in line for an hour，only to be________at the door.
A．turned away B．turned out
C．turned off D．turned up
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：——在周杰伦的专辑签售活动中，你看到他了吗？——没有。我们排了一个小时的队，但却被拒之门外。turn away拒绝；turn out结果是；turn off关掉；turn up调高(音量等)。
答案： A
The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
过去三十年里出现了最多的法律来剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，直到今天我们已到了几乎没有任何权利的地步。
(1)see，find，witness等词可用物作主语，以增添语言色彩，see可译为“(在某段时期)发生(某情况)，经历，经受”。
①The year 1949 saw the founding of the People’s Republic of China.1949年见证了中华人民共和国的诞生。
②Japan has_witnessed/seen many political changes in recent years.日本近年来经历了很多政治变动。
(2)当先行词是stage，situation，case，position，job等词时，定语从句常用where或in which 来引导。
③Now their peace talks have reached a key stage where one side must give in to the other.现在他们的和平会谈到达一个关键阶段，必须有一方向另一方妥协。
④I’m looking for a new job，one where I get a bit more job satisfaction.我正在寻找一份新工作，一份从其中可以得到更大满足感的职业。
⑤We’re just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.我们正努力做到能让双方坐下来对话。
We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful；when this was not allowed...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律；而当这种方式也得不到允许时，……只有到这个时候我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
(1)in a way which was peaceful＝in a peaceful way
way后面跟的是一个定语从句。way如在后面的定语从句中作主语或宾语时，引导词用that或which；如作状语，可用in which或that引导，且引导词可省略。
①I don’t like the way that/in which you treated him.
我不喜欢你对待他的方式。
②He offered some ways that/which worked very well in practice.
他提供了一些办法，这些办法在实践中很有效。
③The way that/which you thought of to solve the problem was good.你想出的解决问题的办法很好。
(2)当only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或从句)时，句子需要部分倒装。
④(2012·福建书面表达)Only in this way can_we_live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.
只有用这种方式我们才能生活在更舒服更美丽的环境中。
⑤(2012·天津卷)Only after Mary read her composition the second time did she notice the spelling mistake.
只有在玛丽把作文读了第二遍之后，她才注意到拼写错误。
⑥Only when he returned yesterday did_his_father_tell_him the truth，which was a big surprise to him.直到昨天他回来，他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他来说真是个令人吃惊的消息。
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．It was only when I left my parents for Italy that I realized how much I loved them.
→Only when I left my parents for Italy________ ________ ________how much I loved them.
答案：did I realize
2．As soon as we arrived at the work site，we informed our boss of our arrival.
→____________we arrived at the work site，we informed our boss of our arrival.
答案：Immediately/Directly/Instantly
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·合肥一检)With economy developing at great speed，our city has________quite a few changes in recent years.
A．witnessed B．accumulated
C．arisen D．introduced
解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：随着经济的快速发展，在最近几年我们的城市已经变化了很多。witness目击，见证；accumulate积聚，积累；arise出现，产生；introduce介绍。根据句意可知，答案为A。
答案： A
2．(2014·济南3月模拟)The Voice of China has set up a stage________some people can achieve their dreams.
A．which B．where
C．that D．when
解析：考查定语从句。句意为：《中国好声音》设立了一个舞台，在这个舞台上一些人可以实现他们的梦想。“________some people can achieve their dreams”是定语从句，空处在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where。
答案： B
3．(2013·南昌二模)—Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—Yes，there is one point________we must insist on.
A．why B．where
C．how D．that
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句。此处先行词为one point，引导词在从句中作insist on的宾语，所以应用关系代词which或者that。
答案： D
4．(2014·昆明一中质检)The way________was thought of by the manager was similar to the way________you carried it out.
A．that；which B．which；in which
C．what；/ D．it；that
解析：考查定语从句。the way作先行词，其后的定语从句中若不缺少主语及宾语，则其引导词可为that/in which/省略不填；若其后的定语从句缺少主语或宾语则应考虑填that/which。分析句子结构可知应选B项。
答案： B
5．(2013·江西卷)Only when he apologizes for his rudeness________to him again.
A．I will speak B．will I speak
C．do I speak D．I speak
解析：句意为：只有在他为自己的无礼道歉时我才会再理他。本题考查特殊句式。“Only＋状语从句”置于句首，主句应该部分倒装，排除A、D两项；根据语境此处应该是将来时且表示主语的意愿，故选B项。
答案： B
quality n．质量；品质；性质
Many black leaders have many good qualities and have made great contributions to mankind.
许多黑人领袖有良好的品质，对人类作出了很大的贡献。
attack v t.& n．进攻；攻击；抨击；(疾病等的)侵害
heart attack心脏病
So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.
袭击如此突然使敌人没有时间逃跑。
in trouble有麻烦，处于困难中
get into trouble惹麻烦，陷入困境
have trouble in doing sth./with sth.做某事有困难
Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.
当你遇到困难时请向警察求助。
【写作素材】
1．当我失业时，刚开始我不知道向谁求助。
2．我想起了我的老师，我去向他征求建议。
3．他十分慷慨地给予我时间，为此我非常感激。
4．我记得在上学的日子里，当我们有人处于麻烦中时，他总是鼓励我们不要灰心，要对未来充满希望。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
【连句成篇】
When I was out of work，I didn’t know whom to turn to at first.I thought of my teacher and I went to him for advice.He was generous with his time，and gave me some advice，for which I was grateful.I remember in my school days，when any one of us was in trouble，he always encouraged us not to lose heart and be hopeful about future.
定语从句(Ⅱ)
1．(2014·福建高中毕业班考试)Xiamen is regarded as a city________traditional culture is well combined with a modern lifestyle.
A．what B．when
C．where D．as
解析：考查定语从句。句意为：厦门被认为是一个传统文化和现代生活方式完美结合的城市。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a city，并在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导该定语从句。
答案： C
2．(2014·哈尔滨质检)They stood on the top of the high building，________they could see the whole city.
A．from which B．on where
C．from where D．on it
解析：考查定语从句。根据句意可知，从那个高楼的顶部能看见整个城市，此处from where相当于from on the top of the high building，故选C。
答案： C
3．(2013·北京西城期末考试)He met Rachel at her college graduation ceremony in 2008，________he was later to marry.
A．which B．when
C．where D．whom
解析：考查定语从句。句意为：他是在2008年Rachel的大学毕业典礼上认识她的，后来娶她为妻。分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句。先行词为Rachel，在从句中作marry 的宾语，故用whom引导。
答案： D
4．(2014·皖南八校联考)The band was very successful in the seventies，most of________members were in their twenties.
A．its B．whose
C．whom D．which
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，故用whose。
答案： B
5．(2013·湖南长郡中学、衡阳八中等十二校二次联考)In moments when you’re feeling down，read what you wrote previously，________will help uplift your spirits.
A．that B．it
C．which D．what
解析：考查定语从句。句意为：当你情绪低落的时候，读一读你先前写下的东西，这会帮助你情绪高昂。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容。
答案： C
课时作业(五)Unit 5Nelson Mandela—a modern hero
(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！)
第二讲夹叙夹议文
夹叙夹议文完形填空是最近几年高考经常涉及的一类体裁。该类完形填空所选文章常常在平淡的故事中蕴含着丰富的哲理，作者既可以让读者从一个简单的故事体会到生活的意义，也不乏对人生、生活、社会价值的思考，对人际关系等话题的自省反思，处处折射智慧的光芒和启迪，耐人寻味，可读性很强。
真题示例?
(2013·天津卷) As I held my father’s hands one night，I couldn’t help but notice their calluses (老茧) and roughness.His hands tell the story of his life as a __16__，including all his struggles.
One summer，I remember，a drought (旱灾) hit Ontario，turning it into a__17__desert.On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last__18__from the grocery store.Fifty dozen was all we needed，which __19__took twenty minutes.That morning，however，the process didn’t__20__quickly.After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field，we__21__needed twenty dozen.I was completely frustrated and__22__.Dropping the basket heavily，I declared，“If the store wants its last twenty dozen，they can pick it themselves！”Dad __23__，“Just think，my little girl，only ten dozen left for each of us and then we’re__24__.”Such is Dad—whatever problem he__25__，he never gives up.
__26__，the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our country.It was a challenging time for everyone，__27__Dad remained optimistic.He__28__to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plates.Only then did I truly begin to__29__Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times.
Dad is also a living example of real __30__.From dawn to dusk，he works countless hours to__31__our family.He always puts our happiness__32__his own，and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games__33__his exhaustion after long days.His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and__34__，putting others first.
Dad，the life__35__I have learned from you will stay with me forever.You are my father，teacher，friend and，most importantly，my hero.
16．A.teacher B．gardener
C．farmer D．grocer
17．A.stormy B．lively
C．disappearing D．burning
18．A.order B．form
C．gap D．position
19．A.repeatedly B．normally
Survey n. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查 1. We stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上，眺望乡村。 2. A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人。 Add v. 增加 1. He added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火旺些。 2. If you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九。 3. Add up all the money I owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起。 Upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴 v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服 1. I'm always upset when I don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱。 2. He has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服。 3. The news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱。 Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 1. I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! 2. I can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了。 Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的 v. 平静下来,镇静 1. It was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静、明媚的早晨。 2. You should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。 3. Have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来。 calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来) 1. His rage was soon calmed down by the rustic peace. 乡村的宁静很快就使他的怒气平静下来。 2. I told myself to calm down. 我告诫自己要冷静下来。 have got to conj. 不得不(必须) 1. You may not like him, but you have got to admire his persistence. 你可以不喜欢他，但你不得不佩服他那种坚忍不拔的精神。 2. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time -- unless I had caught an earlier train. 我不可能及时赶到会场，除非我赶上了较找的一班火车。 Concern n. 关心,关系, 关切的事,忧虑 v. 涉及,与...有关,影响;使关心 1. How much money I earn is none of your concern. 我挣多少钱与你无关。 2. These problems concern all of us. 这些问题影响到我们每一个人。 3. This restaurant is a family concern. 这家饭店是由一家人经营的。 be concerned about vt. 关心(挂念) 1. It is reassuring to be enquired after when you're ill. It shows your friends haven't stopped being concerned about you. 如果能询问一下你是何时生病的我们也就放心了。因为你的朋友一直在关心你。 2. The government's claim to be concerned about unemployment is sheer hypocrisy. 政府声称对失业表示关注纯属做做姿态。 Cheat n. 骗子,欺骗行为 v. 欺骗,作弊 1. His father was cheated of his land. 他的父亲被人骗走了地产。 2. He never cheats to pass examination. 他考试从不作弊。 3. He was cheated (out) of his rightful inheritance. 他依法应得的遗产被人骗走了. Reason n. 理由,原因,理智,理性 v. 说服,推论,下判断 1. She can reason very clearly. 她能很清晰地思考。 2. Copernicus reasoned that the earth revolved around the sun. 哥白尼论证了地球绕着太阳转。 3. We have reason to believe that he was murdered. 我们有理由相信他是被谋杀的。 list n. 目录,名单,明细表 v. 列出,列于表上,记入名单内 1. He wrote down his name on the list. 他将他的名字写在清单上。 2. He listed all the things he had to do. 他把自己必须做的事列成表。 Share n. 部份,股份,分担 v. 共享,共有,分配 1. If you want a share of the pay, you'll have to do your fair share of the work. 要是你想得到一份报酬，你就必须做好你该分担的那一份工作。 2. She's got all her money in stocks and shares. 她所有的钱都投放到股票里去了。
必修一Unit 1重点词汇用法1. volunteer. n.志愿者 v.自愿（做某事） voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；主动的； voluntarily adv.自动地；主动地； volunteer to do sth. 自愿（主动）提出做某事 volunteer for 自愿…，自愿为…服务 volunteer as 自愿充当… 2.debate n. 辩论；辩论会 v. 辩论，争论 debate（with sb）on/over/about sth. （与某人）辩论/讨论某事 be under debate 正在讨论中/辩论中 a heated /lively debate 一场激烈/热烈的争论 3.prefer v. 较喜欢； preference n. 偏好,喜好 preferable adj. 更可取的；更合适的； prefer to do sth = prefer doing sth 更喜欢做某事 prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人去做某事 prefer A (prep) to B 相对B更喜欢A prefer doing A to doing B 相对于做B更喜欢作A prefer to do A rather than do B = would rather do A than do B = would do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做B 4.predict vt. 预言，预告，预测 predictable adj. 可预见的，可预料的 反义词unpredictable. adj. predictive adj. 预测的，预言的 prediction n. 预言，预测 It's predicted that... 据预测，据预报 make a prediction. 做预言，做预测
Unit 1 Reading课文语法填空 Anne’s Best Friend 一、语法填空(根据课文内容、依据语法规则完成下面短文） Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish 1________ they had to hide or they would be 2________ (catch) by the German Nazis. Du ring that time she wasn’t able to go 3________ (outdoor) for so long that she had grown so crazy about everything 4________ (do) with nature. One evening, she stayed 5________ (wake) on purpose to have a good look at the moon by herself, but she didn’t dare open a window. Another time she happened to be upstairs at dusk 6________ the window was open. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held her 7________ (entire) in their power. It was the first time in a year and a half that she 8________ (see) the night face to face. Anne felt very lonely without seeing her old friends, so she had to make 9________ new friend, her diary Kitty, whom she could tell everything to. 10________ (sad), at last, her family was discovered and caught by the German Nazis.
高一英语必修1 Unit 1 Friendship Part 1. Warming up 1.介词不同，含义有别： be good to sb./sth. 对… 好be good for sb./sth. 对… 有好处 be good at (doing) sth. 擅长，精通be good with sb./sth. 善于应付… 的 eg. She was very good to me when I was ill. Doing morning exercises is good for health. Tim is good at speaking English. He is very good with children. 他对孩子很有一套。 2.add up 合计，把…加起来add up to 合计达到… add to 增加，增添add A to B 把…加进…里面，把…和…相加 eg. Please add these figures up. These figures add up to 900. The bad weather added to our difficulities. Please add some salt to the water. Add three to four and you get seven. ▲ add vt. 补充说（后接that从句或者直接引语） eg. He added that they would return in a week. “And don’t be late,”she added. 3.point n.点，要点，观点，意义，得分v.指着 be on the point of doing sth. when......=be about to do sht. when....正要做某事，这时...... There is no point (in) doing sth. 没有必要（意义）做某事 4. until与not … until until表示动作、状态的持续，强调“一直到……为止”，或强调某个动作或状态一直持续到另一个动作或状态出现之前。常与表示延续性动作的动词连用。 not … until表示“到……为止；直到……才”，常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用。 eg. He lived with his parents until he graduated from college. The noise of the street didn’t stop until midnight. 5. finish sth./doing sth. 后跟动名词作宾语的动词或短语还有：admit, appreciate, avoid，consider，delay, enjoy，escape, feel like, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine，mind, miss（错过）, practice, suggest, risk，can't stand（不能忍受）, can’t help (忍不住），give up, put off等。 help sb.(to) do sth. There is no way to escape doing the work. 没有办法逃脱做这项工作。 We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。 He put off paying the bills 6. get sth. done 使某事被做( get做使役动词，“使、叫、让”后接复合宾语) eg. When are you going to get your hair cut? I must get my homework finished first before going out to play. He got his foot hurt while playing football. ▲get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事eg. I will get him to do the work. ▲get sb./sth. doing…使某人或者某物开始…起来eg. Let me try now. I will get the car going. ▲get + n. + adj. 使… 成为某种状态eg. Get everything ready. ★联想：have sth. done 使某事被做 have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
Unit 1 friendship Participants: 靳燕，黄洋，董妮娅，仝亚军，李桂秀，吴晓，邹舍龙 School: Tai Zhou No.1 Senior Middle School 1.Teaching aims and demands 类别课程标准要求掌握的项目 话题Friends and friendship; interpersonal relationships 词汇Add point upset ignore calm concern loose cheat reason list share feeling Netherlands German outdoors crazy nature purpose dare thunder entirely power according trust indoors suffer teenager advice questionnaire quiz situation editor communicate habit add up calm down have got to be concerned about walk the dog go through hide away set down a series of on purpose in order to face to face according to get along with fall in love join in 功能 1.态度(attitudes) Are you afraid that---? I’v e grown so crazy about--- dare--- I didn’ｔ 2. 同意和不同意（agreement and disagreement） I agree. I think so. Exactly. think so. I’m afraid not. agree. I don’ｔ I don’ｔ 3.肯定程度（certainty） That’s correct. Of course not. 语法直接引语和间接引语(1): 陈述句和疑问句 1.陈述句 want to set down a series of facts in a diary.” Said Anne. “Ｉd on’ｔ want to set down a series of facts in a diary. ----Anne said that she didn’ｔ 2.一般疑问句 He asked, “Are you leaving tonight?” ---He asked us whether we were leaving that night. 3.特殊疑问句 “When did you go to bed last night?” father said to Anne. --- Father asked Anne when she went to bed the night before. 2.Suggested teaching notes 1). Analyses of the teaching contents This unit is about friendship, and nearly all the teaching materials center
Grammar Direct and Indirect Speech Ⅰ直接引语和间接引语（Ⅰ） 直接引语(direct speech):直接引用别人的话, 把它放在引号内。 间接引语(indirect speech):用自己的话转述别人的话。 1.转述他人的陈述→陈述句She said , “I’m going to Beijing.” She said that she was going to Beijing. 2.转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句He asked, “Are you a doctor?” He asked me if/whether I was a doctor. 3.转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句She asked, “What are you doing?” She asked me what I was doing. 直接引语变成间接引语, 句子结构的变化 陈述句 用连词that引导, that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told 来代替, 注意, 可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that, 不可直接说told that。 He said, “I have been to Japan.” He said to us that he had been to Japan. She said, “I’ll give you an exam tomorrow.” She told us that she would give us an exam tomorrow. 陈述句解题步骤: “I don’t like computers,”Sarah said to her friends. Sarah said to her friends that (I don’t like computers.)
高一英语必修一Unit1 Friendship知识点总结 1. be good to 对……友好 be good for 对……有益;be bad to…/be bad for… 2. add up 加起来增加 add up to 合计，总计 add… to 把……加到…… 3. not…until/till 意思是“直到…才” 4. get sth/sb done 使……完成/使某人被…… 5. calm down平静下来 6. be concerned about 关心注重 7. 当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的 主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。 While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose. 8. cheat in the exam 考试作弊 9. go through 经历;度过;获准，通过 10. hide away 躲藏;隐 藏 11. set down 写下，记下 12. I wonder if….. 我不知道是不是…. 12. on purpose 故意 13. sth happen to sb 某人发生某事 sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 it so happened that ……正巧碰巧 14. It is the first (second…) that… (从句谓语动词用现在 完成时) 15. in one’s power 处于……的控制之中16. It’s no pleasure doing…. 做…..没有乐趣 It’s no good/ use doing s th. 做某事是没好处/没用的
必修五知识点总结 Unit 1: 1. put forward: 提出（计划、建议等）；将…提前；把钟表拨快 e.g. He put forward a good plan for this project. 他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案。 The match has been put forward to 1:30. 比赛已经提前到一点半举行。 Put the clock forward by ten minutes. 把钟表拨快十分钟。 【词语联想】 ? put away: 收起来；贮存，储蓄 ? put down: 放下；写下，记下 ? put off: 推迟；延期 ? put on: 穿上；增加；上演（戏剧） e.g. put on weight: 增加了体重put on a new play: 上演新戏剧 ? put up: 张贴；撑开（帐篷） e.g. put up a poster put up a tent: 搭起帐篷 2. conclude: v. 作结论，断定（conclusion: n. 结论） e.g. The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。 【习惯用语】★draw a conclusion 作出结论 3. defeat vt.打败, 击败, 战胜；使(希望, 计划等)失败, 挫败; 阻挠, 使无效 e.g. He finally conceded defeat. 他最终承认了失败。 ◆区别: defeat, conquer, overcome ? defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”,e.g. defeat th e enemy 打败敌人。 e.g. conquer nature 特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”， ? conquer指“征服”、”战胜”， ? overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言, e.g. overcome difficulties 4. attend: v. 1) to be present at; go to (meeting, conference, lecture...) 出席；参加 e.g. He decided to attend the meeting himsel f. 他决定亲自赴会。 2) to look after, care for, serve 照顾；看护。 e.g. Which doctor is attending to (on) you? 哪位医生护理你？ 3）to go with 伴随 e.g. The work was attended with much difficulty. 这项工作带来许多困难。 5. expose...to... e.g. Don't expose your skin to the sun for too long. They had to be exposed to the enemy's gunfire. 6. blame sb. for sth.因为某事责备某人 e.g. He blamed the boy for his mistake. ★be to blame: 应受责备，应负责任 Who is to blame for the mistake？这个错误应归咎于谁？ 7. in addition: 除此之外，另外, 意思相当于besides, what's more e.g. I paid 100 Yuan in addition. In addition to English, he has to study a second language. ◆区别: in addition to, except, besides,beside ? in addition to：除…之外，还有…，表示递进关系。 e.g. The company provided the workers with free lunch in addition to paid holidays. 这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期，还有免费午餐。 ? except:除…之外，表示在整体中排除， e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了请柬. ? besides 表示“除了……以外，还有……”，与in addition to 同义，
单元要点预览 1.谚语：a friend in need is a friend indeed 患难见真情 A friend is like a second self. 朋友是另一个自我。 一、短语归纳 lought at 嘲笑hide away 躲起来 a series of 一系列 grow\be crazy about 对…十分狂热；十分痴迷 something to do with与…有关的某事、nothing to do with 与…无关happen to do sth 碰巧做某事at dusk: 黄昏时刻傍晚 face to face面对面Take care of 照顾Walking the dog 遛狗（ Pay for sth 为…付款Pack（sth）up将东西装箱打包 Finish sth\doing sth完成某事、完成做某事Stay awake 熬夜 end-of-term exam 期末考fall in love with 爱上 according to 根据make a list of 列清单 二、.词语辨析
四.重点词汇
1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的vt. (upset, upset) Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要难过--并没有造成伤害。 2. concern v.担忧; 涉及; 关系到n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系[重点用法] as / so far as … be concerned 关于；至于；就……而言 be concerned about 关心 be concerned in sth. 牵涉到，与……有关，参与 3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居，安家；解决 1). The family has settled in Canada. 这家人已定居加拿大。 2）Try your best to calm yourself down.. [重点用法] settle down 镇定下来settle in 在…定居 4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历 Do you suffer from headaches? 你常头痛吗? suffer from 感到疼痛﹑不适﹑悲伤等; 受苦; 吃苦头: 5. disagree vt. 不同意disagree with sb 不同意某人的观点 . Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是朋友也有时意见不一。 五.重点词组 1. add up 加起来 Add up your scores and see how many points you can get. 把你的得分加起来，看看你能得几分。
高中英语必修一UNIT1知识点归纳及练习 一、知识点 1. be good to 对……友好 be good for 对……有益；be bad to…/be bad for… I will be good to other people.我会善良的对待其他人. It would be good for you to spend a holiday in the sun. 在有阳光的地方度假会给你带来很多好处。 The Olympics will be good for business. 奥运会的召开将有利于商业的发展。 be good at 擅长make good 有成就；成功as good as 实际上；几乎等于a good deal 许多，大量彻底的；完全的；痛快的to have a good drink 喝个痛快 2. add up 加起来 add up to 合计，总计add… to把……加到…… add to 增加 Add up your score and see how many points you get? 把你的分数加起来，看看得多少？ Some people can add up quite easily in their heads, but not all. Good friends do not add up what they do for each other; instead they offer help when it is needed. The figures add up to 270. 这些数字加起来是270。 You shouldn’t add fuel to the flame你不应该火上加油 Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night. 焰火使节日的夜晚更加生色。 The bad weather added to the shipwrecked sailors’ difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了失事船只的船员们的困难。
人教版高一英语必修一 Unit 1 第二课时阅读课 一、教学内容：Reading 二、二、教材分析： reading部分承载着整个单元中最重要的语言和文化信息，也是教师在教学过程中需要重点处理的部分。文章的标题是“安妮最好的朋友”本文讲述了犹太女孩安妮为躲避纳粹的迫害而藏身于小阁楼中，并把日记当做自己的朋友，通过写日记表达自己孤独和郁闷的心情，在日记中她描述了自己对外面世界和大自然的渴望，以及由于自己的特殊身份不能享受大自然赋予的一切。通过阅读这篇课文，学生不仅要进行阅读技能的训练，学习一些新的单词和短语的表达方法，还要在阅读过程中学习并欣赏英语语言的美感。感受主人公乐观自信的人生态度，纯洁美丽的心灵。 二、教学目标： 1．能力目标 在本节课结束时，学生能够 ●简单介绍主人公安妮所生活的时代背景以及她的悲惨遭遇，能根据提示复述课文部 分内容。 ●简单描述人物由于环境变化而造成的思想感情的变化。 ●在同学和教师的帮助下正确理解结构较为复杂的句子。 ●初步掌握skimming 和scanning两种阅读技能，找出关键信息，并能在教师帮助下 归纳阅读篇章中心。 2．目标语言 ●重点词汇和短语 Netherlands, German, outdoors, thunder, entirely, power, curtain, dusty, go through, set down, a series of, on purpose, in order to, at dusk, face to face, no longer ●难句（非本单元重点的句型只要求理解，不要求加以运用） I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face … 3. 文化目标 ●了解二战时期纳粹德国迫害犹太人的历史以及犹太人的悲惨命运。 ●通过阅读《安妮日记》体会作者在处于恶劣生活环境之下渴望友谊、朋友、大自然 的心境，保持乐观的人生态度，更加珍惜和平和稳定带来的幸福生活。
人教版高中英语必修一unit1基础知识点训练题 一。根据首字母填空 1.He i__________ the doctor’s advice and goes on smoking. 2.He c_______ the old woman out of her money by playing tricks last week. 3.There are five important p__________ in her speech. 4.The old man s__________ a bad backache after the accident happened. 5.In the l______ soil there is a lot of air. 6.Please give me the r________ for your being late. 7.A_________ to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library. 8.It is a good h_______ for you to read English as soon as you get up. 9.You can get into a s__________ where you have to make a decision immediately. 10.She doesn’t want to set down a s______of facts in a diary as most people do. 11.The mother tried to c________ down her crying baby. 12.Because he didn’t finish the work on time and was fired by company, he was very u______ about it. 二.单句改错 1.As far as he concerned, he can’t afford such an expensive car. 2.In order to encouraging the students to take outdoor exercise, our school organized a spring outing on April 10. 3.It was 8 o’clock that I went back home last night. 4.In a word, it is online shopping that makes your life more conveniently. 5.There is the series of science and technology books on the desk. 6.This wasn’t your fault, the workman should put a warning sign in front of those stones. 7.She joined in Hong Kong’s Department of Health in 1978, where her work in public health began. 8.My mother is proud to have made me like a top student. 9.It is no pleasure stay at home doing homework all day. 10.I wonder that I can do the same thing for my students. 11.Neither I nor my kids stepped out of the house since last Saturday. 12.I am grateful to my friends with all that they have done. 13.Our teacher said that the earth moved around the sun. 14.We decided to come a long way round so as to seeing the countryside. 15.Do you think Mary can get the task finishing on time? 16.You can improve your writing by keeping diary. 17.Our company makes a rule not to smoke in the office. 18.I dislike to get up early, especially in winter when it is very cold. 19.We had trouble ask him to come with us for he was very busy at that moment. 20.You don't need to get the computer repairing, because I've decided to buy a new one. 21.There have been a series of activities to get people together and make them closer to each other in this town. 22.It was the third time in a month that you have been late for school. 23.Nowadays people are more concerned to the environment where they live.
Section ⅢUsing Language 基础夯实 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．It is ________ (正好是) four o'clock, not one minute more nor one minute less. 2．The old man was ________ (感激的) to me for my carrying the luggage for him. 3．She strongly ________ (不喜欢) being spoken to like that. 4．It is the custom to give a ________ (小费) after you are served in western countries. 5．They ________ (交换) books with each other. 6．There is an unfair ________ (条款) in this contract. 7．He has ________ (收到) a letter from his family. 8．Please ________ (解释) why you are late. 9．This song is popular with ________(青少年)． 10．I often ask for ________ (建议) when in trouble. 答案 1．exactly 2.grateful 3.disliked 4.tip 5.swapped 6．item7.received8.explain9.teenagers10.advice Ⅱ.完成句子 1．The cost ________ ________ ________ (总计达) 100 million yuan.(add) 2．It is the first time I________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(面对面与她交谈)．(talk) 3．I ________ ________ ________(担忧) her safety.(concern)