新视野大学英语读写教程（第二版）第一册单词表
Unit 8 Section A Birth of Bright Ideas
New Words
<1>satisfactory a. good enough for a particular situation or purpose 令人满意的
Sales rise by 20% from last year; that's very satisfactory. 销售额比去年增加了20%, 这是非常令人满意的。
This method of heating is not satisfactory for large buildings. 这种取暖办法用于大型建筑物并不令人满意。
<2>flash vi. 1. (of an idea) come suddenly （想法、灵感等）突然产生
The idea flashed into his mind. 他突然想到了这个主意。
The thought that I might be wrong flashed through my mind. 我可能错了的想法突然闪入我的脑海。
2. pass quickly 飞驰，掠过
Ten years seem to flash by. 十年转眼就过去了。
A red car flashed by. 一辆红色汽车飞驰而过。
<3>particularly ad. especially 特别是；特别地
More local employment will be created, particularly in service industries. 地方将提供更多的就业机会, 尤其是服务行业。
I cannot leave him, particularly now. 我不能离开他, 尤其是现在。
<4>glow vi. produce a soft, steady light 发光
Colored lights glowed on the celebration night. 节日之夜灯火辉煌。
The colored sticks glowed in the darkness of the playground. 荧光棒在黑漆漆的操场上发着光。
<5>creation n. 1. [U] the act of creating sth. 创造
The creation of new playgrounds will benefit the local children. 建立新的运动场地将会使当地儿童受益。
The government will provide more money for job creation. 政府打算在创造就业岗位方面提供更多的资金。
2. [C] sth. that has been created 作品；艺术品
This is the artist's latest creation. 这是那位艺术家的最新作品。
Birds' nests are extraordinary creations. 鸟巢是非凡的艺术品。
<6>mystery n. [C] sth. that is not fully understood or difficult to understand 谜；神秘的事物The origin of the universe is still a mystery. 宇宙的起源仍然是个谜。
Why he went there is a mystery to me. 他为什么去那儿对我来说是个谜。
<7>reasonable a. showing common sense; fair 合理的；适当的
He should give us a reasonable explanation. 他应该给我们一个合理的解释。
The price seems reasonable, but I don't like the color. 价格还算公道，但我不喜欢那个颜色。
<8>psychology n. [U] the study of the mind and how it works and influences behavior 心理学
feminist psychology 女性心理学
Developmental psychology is probably the liveliest subject these days. 发展心理学也许是眼下最活跃的学科。
<9>psychologistn. [C] a person who is trained in psychology 心理学家
You may turn to the psychologist for help. 你可以到那位心理学家那儿寻求帮助。
<10>process n. [C] a series of actions or things that produce a particular result 过程；进程The firm is now in the process of moving the main equipment to a new place. 公司目前正在把主要设备迁往新地址。
Producing a dictionary is a slow process. 编撰一本词典是一个缓慢的过程。
<11>personalityn. 1. [C] a person who is well known to the public 名人
television personalities 电视明星
Many young girls dream of becoming movie personalities. 许多年轻女孩梦想着成为电影明星。
2. [C, U] sb.'s character, esp. the way they behave toward other people 个性；性格
Though their personalities were different, they got along well. 虽然他们性格迥异，却能友好相处。
She has an outgoing personality and makes friends easily. 她性格随和，很容易交朋友。
<12>intensify v. make or become stronger （使）增强，（使）加强
His daughter's illness intensified his difficult condition. 女儿的生病对他的境遇雪上加霜。The search intensified as dusk approached. 黄昏将至, 人们加强了搜寻。
<13>genius n. 1. [C] a person of exceptional natural ability 天才
One is not born a genius; one becomes a genius. 天才不是天生的, 而是后天造就的。
He was a genius in both science and art. 他在科学和艺术两方面都是天才。
2. [U] strong natural ability 天赋
Your painting perfectly shows your creative genius. 你的画充分展示了你的创造才能。
Dante was a man of genius. 但丁是个有天赋的人。
<14>philosophy n. [U] the study and understanding of the nature and meaning of existence 哲学
economic philosophy 经济哲学
He studied politics and philosophy. 他学过政治和哲学。
<15>invention n. 1. [U] the act of inventing sth. 发明，创造
Need is the mother of invention. （谚）需要是发明之母。
The invention of microwave ovens and washing machines benefits housewives a lot. 微波炉和洗衣机的发明让家庭主妇受益匪浅。
2. [C] sth. that has been invented 发明物
The phonograph is an invention made by Thomas Edison. 留声机是托马斯·爱迪生发明的。The electric light bulb is a great invention. 电灯泡是个很伟大的发明。
<16>logic n. [U] a set of reasons sb. uses in order to reach an opinion 逻辑推理
Your friend doesn't seem to be controlled by logic. 你那位朋友好象没有逻辑性。
He argues with learning and logic. 他的辩论既展示了他的学识, 又合乎逻辑。
<17>signal n. [C] sth. intended to give information, such as a sound or action 信号，暗号The teacher gave a signal to the students to continue. 老师示意学生继续。
They waved their hands as a signal of victory. 他们挥舞双手表示胜利。
<18>dramatic a. 1. great and sudden; exciting and impressive 引人注目的；激动人心的dramatic colors 引人注目的色彩
China has achieved dramatic economic developments. 中国在经济上取得了令人瞩目的发展。
2. about drama or acting 戏剧的；演戏的
dramatic techniques 戏剧技巧
The comedian was also known for his dramatic performances. 这位喜剧演员也以戏剧表演出名。
<19>compose v. write a piece of music, a letter, a poem, etc. 创作（文学或音乐作品）Mozart began to compose when he was six years old. 莫扎特6岁开始作曲。
He sat down and composed a letter of application. 他坐下来，写了一封求职信。
vt. (be ~d of) be formed from 由...组成
The textbook is composed of ten units. 这本教材由10个单元组成。
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氢和氧化合而成的。
<20>occupy vt. 1. keep sb. busy at sth. 使忙于
I am fully occupied with my daily work. 我每天都忙于日常的工作。
He was occupied in writing letters. 他忙着写信。
2. fill up (time or space) 占用（时间或空间）
Reading occupies most of my free time. 阅读占去我大部分闲暇时间。
The enemy occupied the town. 敌人占据了这个城镇。
<21>fling vt. (flung, flung)
1. move oneself or part of one's body suddenly or forcefully 突然（或急速）地移动
She flung her arms around my neck. 她猛地搂住了我的脖子。
She flung herself into her room and began to pack frantically. 她猛地冲进自己的房间, 开始发狂似地整理行李。
2. throw sth. with force 猛扔；抛
Don't fling your clothes about on the chair; hang them up. 别把衣服乱扔在椅子上, 把它们挂起来。
The sun flings bright rays on the fields. （比喻）灿烂的阳光撒在田野上。
<22>couch n. [C] a long comfortable seat; a sofa 长沙发
Sit beside me on the couch.上我这儿来，坐到沙发上。
Mary was not well so she was lying on the couch in the living room. 玛丽感到身体不适, 所以她躺在起居室的沙发上。
<23>miracle n. [C] sth. that cannot be explained by known laws of nature 奇迹
a miracle of architecture 建筑上的奇迹
The car ran over the man, but by a miracle, he was not hurt. 汽车从那个人身上轧过去, 但他却没有受伤, 真是奇迹。
■<24>mighty a. having or showing great power, strength, or force 强大的，巨大的
He gave it a mighty push and it opened. 他用力推了一下, 它便开了。
He struck the rock a mighty blow with a hammer. 他用铁锤猛击了一下那块岩石。
<25>orchestra n. [C] a large group of musicians playing many different kinds of instruments 管弦乐队
The story lacks tension and, when the full orchestra is blasting, is hard to follow. 作品情节松散, 而且当整个乐队响起音乐时, 观众不知所云。
He played percussion in a symphony orchestra. 他在交响乐团演奏打击乐。
<26>orchestral a. relating to or written for an orchestra 管弦乐的；管弦乐队的
orchestral instruments 管弦乐器
an orchestral production 管弦乐队的演出
<27>contrast n. [C, U] a difference shown by comparing people or things 对照；差异
This appears big in contrast with that. 同那个相比起来,这个显得很大。
The contrast between the two ideas is sharp. 这两种想法的差异很明显。
<28>mathematician n. [C] a person gifted or learned in mathematics 数学家Hua Luogeng is a great mathematician. 华罗庚是一位伟大的数学家。
It seems to be an impossible solution, but the mathematicians assure us that it can be done. 这似乎是个不可能成立的解答, 但数学家对我们保证说这可以做。
<29>combination n. [C, U] sth. that results from two or more things being combined 结合，合并；组合物
His nature is a combination of strength and kindness. 他的性格柔中带刚。
Never take the medicine in combination with alcohol. 千万别把这种药与酒混在一起服用。
<30>surge vi. move quickly as if in waves 汹涌；涌现
The waves surged against the shore. 波浪汹涌拍岸。
The crowd surged out of the stadium. 人群从体育场涌出来。
<31>combine v. (make) exist or work together （使）结合；（使）联合
They combine the two small shops to form a large one. 他们把这两个小店合并起来成为一个大商店。
The two major political parties have combined to form a government. 两个主要政党已经联合起来组成了政府。
<32>stable a. not likely to move or change 稳定的
A stable family unit is good for the growth of children. 家庭稳定对孩子的成长有利。Markets are growing fast, and prices are stable. 市场繁荣, 物价稳定。
<33>existence n. [U] the fact or state of existing 存在
The company came into existence in 1981. 那家公司是1981年成立的。
She didn't believe in the existence of afterlife. 她不相信有来生。
<34>observe vt. watch sb. or sth. carefully; notice 观察；注意到
They were observed entering the bank. 有人看到他们进入银行。
A teacher is observing his students perform the experiment. 老师在观察学生做实验。
<35>explosion n. 1. [C] a sudden burst of sth. like a blast 爆发，迸发；爆炸
She felt better after her explosion of anger. 发过一通脾气后，她感觉好些了。
A gas pipe that had burst caused the explosion. 煤气管爆裂引起这次爆炸。
2. [C] a sudden or quick increase in the number or amount of sth. 激增；扩大
Many people complained about the explosion in oil prices. 对石油价格的急剧上升，许多人都有抱怨。
There has been a recent explosion of interest in learning English. 近来人们学英语的兴趣骤然高涨。
<36>exemplify vt. show sth. by an example 举例说明
The recent oil price rises exemplify the difficulties the motor industry is now facing. 最近的石油涨价是汽车工业正面临困难的一个例子。
The teacher exemplified the meaning of the word. 老师举例子解释了这个词的意义。
<37>certainty n. [U] the fact or state of being certain 确定；确定性，必然性
I can't say with any certainty where I shall be next week.我不能确切地说出下周我会在什么地方。
On the field of battle there is no certainty. 在战场上没有确定性可言。
<38>enthusiasm n. [U] great positive feeling for or interest in sth. 热情；积极性Although she is a beginner, she showed great enthusiasm in the play. 虽然她是个新手，但在戏中她表现出了很高的激情。
His enthusiasm for English didn't last long. 他学英语的热情没有持续多久。
<39>representative a. (of ) typical of a particular group or thing 典型的，有代表性的
This is a building representative of modern architecture. 这是现代建筑设计的代表性建筑。Are your opinions representative of the other students? 你的意见是否代表其他同学的意见？
<40>count v. calculate how many people or things there are in a group 记数，点数目Take a deep breath, count to ten, and then breathe out. 深吸一口气, 在心里数到十, 然后呼气。I'm counting the pages of my paper. 我在数我论文的页数。
<41>countless a. too many to be counted 无数的，不计其数的
There are countless footpaths near the lake and in the surrounding mountains. 在湖边和周围的山里有无数的人行道。
Countless numbers of people have tried to change lead into gold. 无数的人尝试过要把铅变成金子。
<42>source n. [C] a place from which sth. comes or is acquired 源泉，来源
Bad food is a source of illness. 变质食物会导致疾病。
The source of knowledge is practice. 知识的源泉是实践。
<43>instinctive a. based on instinct （出于）本能的
a feeling of instinctive distrust 出于直觉的不信任
His reaction was instinctive. 他的反应纯粹是出于本能。
<44>responsible a. 1. (for) being the cause of sth. 是...的原因
The weather is responsible for the delay. 由于天气关系才耽搁了。
Who is responsible for breaking the window? 是谁把窗子打破了？
2. (for) having the duty of looking after sb. or sth. 有责任的，承担责任的
The bus driver is responsible for the safety of passengers. 公共汽车司机应该对乘客的安全负责。
The police are responsible for keeping public order and safety. 警察有维持公共秩序和保障安全的责任。
■<45>disorganize vt. destroy the organization of sth.; throw sth. into confusion 使混乱，打乱The general strike will disorganize the whole country. 大罢工会使整个国家陷于混乱。
Heavy snowstorms disorganized the airline schedule. 大暴风雪打乱了航班时刻表。
<46>disorganizeda. not arranged in a clear order 杂乱无章的；无计划的disorganized working habits 无条理的工作习惯
Her files were completely disorganized—she could never find anything she wanted. 她的存档文件杂乱无章, 想找的东西永远找不到。
<47>element n. [C] a necessary part of a whole 元素；成分
Plot is an important element of story writing. 情节是故事创作的重要元素。
Honesty, industry and kindness are elements of a good life. 诚实、勤劳和善良是幸福生活的要素。
Phrases and Expressions
<48>sleep on sth. not make a decision about sth. important until the next day 暂时不作决定，过一晚再作决定
I'll sleep on the matter, and write to you tomorrow. 这件事容我再考虑一下, 明天我给你书面回复。
We will have to sleep on his invitation until we know whether we will be free Sunday night. 我们得先看看星期天晚上是否有空, 然后才能决定是否接受他的邀请。
<49>a gift from the gods an unexpected benefit that is greatly valued 天赐；走运的机会The old man said his young wife is a gift from the gods. 那老人说他那位年轻的妻子是天赐的礼物。
Having you join us was a gift from the gods. 你能加入我们是上天所赐。
<50>depend on happen according to 依靠，依赖
His decision will depend on how much money we can raise. 他将根据我们能筹集到的款项的多少来作决定。
His success depended on effort and ability. 他的成功靠的是努力和能力。
<51>write down write sth. on a piece of paper 写下来
Write your idea down while it's clear in your mind. 趁你还没忘, 把你的想法写下来。
Write down what you still remember. 把你还记得的写下来。
<52>be occupied with be busy with 忙于做，专心于
Don't interrupt Father while he's occupied with his newspaper. 父亲看报的时候不要去打扰他。
I had forgotten all about it because I had been so occupied with other things. 我把这件事全忘了, 因为其他事把我忙得够呛。
<53>seek for try to find; look for 寻找
We should never seek for fame or position. 我们决不应该追求名誉和地位。
This is just what I have long sought for. 这正是我好久以来要找的东西。
<54>as though a s if 好像
Everything went on as usual as though nothing had happened. 一切照常进行, 好像什么也没发生过似的。
This equipment operated as though it had been repaired. 这套设备操作起来好像已经修理过了似的。
<55>take shape develop into a clear and definite form 成形
Plans for our vacation are beginning to take shape. 我们的假期计划开始成形了。
The new building is beginning to take shape. 这座新楼盖得渐渐有个样子了。
<56>put into express in （以... 方式）表达
Though they could not have put it into words, their dislike of him was that he did not wear uniform. 他们不喜欢他不穿制服, 虽然他们没能把这说出来。
I could not, no matter how I tried, put my feelings into words or make others understand me. 不管我怎么做, 我就是无法用语言来表达我的感情, 或让别人理解我。
<57>at work having an effect; in operation 在起作用
We don't know what forces are at work behind the scenes. 我们不知道幕后是什么势力在起作用。
The powerful economic and social forces are at work behind our own actions. 在我们的行为背后，有强大的经济和社会力量在起作用。
<58>arrive at reach (a decision, solution, or result) 达成（协议），得出（结论）
Finally, they arrived at an agreement. 他们终于达成了协议。
It took us hours to arrive at a decision. 我们花了几个小时才作出了决定。
<59>search for try to find; look for 搜索，寻找
They were searching for the missing man. 他们正在寻找那个失踪的人。
The policemen are searching for the survivors of the plane crash. 警察仍在寻找飞机失事的幸存者。
<60>fill sb. with sth. make sb. feel an emotion strongly 使充满（感情）
The music fills me with memories.音乐唤起了许多回忆。
My father's work filled me with wonder and curiosity.父亲的工作使我充满了惊讶和好奇。Proper Names
<61>Richard Wagner 理查德·瓦格纳（1813—1883，德国作曲家、剧作家）
<62>Rhinegold 《莱茵河的黄金》（瓦格纳作品名）
<63>Spezia 斯佩齐亚（意大利西北部港市）
<64>Henri Poincare 亨利·庞加莱（1854—1912，法国数学家、物理学家和作家）
<65>Fuchsian functions 富克斯函数
<66>Descartes 笛卡尔（1596—1650，法国哲学家、数学家）