Unit 4
This story is set in the country of China. It takes place in the remote areas of Yunnan Province.
For thousands of years, certain remote minority nationalities in China have existed in near isolation. Separated from the rest of world, these deeply cultural communities have maintained the old ways of life. Now, with the increased globalization of the world's cultures, they could disappear. What are these cultures? Can they be preserved for the world's future?
I. China's Cultural Diversity. Read the paragraph. Then match each word with the correct definition.
China's mainstream population is mainly Han Chinese, who comprise approximately 90 percent of the country's inhabitants. While the Han are the predominant group, there are also a number of minority nationalities, several of which have unique languages, customs, and mores. With the growing internationalism in China and the world, some fear smaller societies may vanish as cultural lines merge. Brian Schmeck, a documentary filmmaker, wants to record the existence of these charming cultures before they disappear.
1. mainstream ___D___
2. Han ___A___
3. mores __E____
4. vanish ___B___
5. charming __C____
A. the name of China's biggest ethnic group
B. disappear suddenly
C. pleasing, attractive, delightful
D. the main or most widely accepted
E. the traditional customs and behaviors of a particular cultural group
II. The Global Village. Read the paragraph. Then complete the sentences with the correct form of the underlined words or phrases.
For thousands of years, isolation from the world has preserved the traditions of many ethnic and cultural minorities. But now, even the most rural areas of the world are joining the global village. Remote areas may soon have access to satellite TV, cell phones, and other modern technology and will thus no longer be as cut off as they once were. While there are advantages to this modernization, the transition to a more global society may also tempt people to discard their ancient traditions and abandon village life.
1. _______Discard___________ means to throw something away.
2. A ________transition__________ is a change from one condition to another.
3. ______Satellites____________ transmit signals from space to provide information.
4. A location that is ________cut off __________ is far away from cities and communication.
5. A term for describing a planet without borders or boundaries is ___
_______global village________.
SUMMARY
Nearly one-tenth of the population of China is made up of 55 ethnic minority groups, each culturally distinct from mainstream Han Chinese. The cultures, arts, and way of life of these minorities are in danger of being left behind as China becomes more modernized and the young people of these villages move to urban areas. Filmmaker Bryan Schmeck has traveled to the outer edges of the country to meet and record the people of these minority groups.
Warming up
Teaching NOTES
1. Ask students if they know how many ethnic minorities there are in China. List them on the board. Then ask students if they are familiar with the ethnic groups in Yunnan.
2. Encourage students to share their knowledge or experience of ethnic groups’ lifestyles, customs, festivals, etc.
3. Prepare some pictures of ethnic minority people in their traditional costumes and have students guess their names.
The Naxi Nationality
The Naxi nationality mostly live in the Naxi Autonomous County in Lijiang, Yunnan Province, while the rest live in Sichuan and Tibet. This minority group has a population of 308,893, according to the 2000 census. The name Naxi (also spelled Nakhi) consists of Na which means senior and honored, and Xi which means people.
The Naxi people have an interesting culture, and the most important feature of it is the Dongba language. The Naxi people believe in Mahayana Buddhism, Taism and Lamaism.
The Mou Suo people, a branch of the Naxi nationality, still keep the unique Axia marital custom, and the trace of a matrilineal system can still be seen in this group. Therefore, they have been called the “Living Fossil” in a study of the development of human family and marriage.
The main festivals of the Naxi people are the Bangbanghui festival on January 15th on the Lunar calendar, the Sanduo Festival in February 8th and the Live Stock Exchange Fair in March and June.
The Bai Nationality
The population of the Bai nationality is about 1.39 million. They live mainly in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture. Others are scattered in Kunming, Yuanjiang, Lijiang and Lanping.
The Bai people regard white as an honorable color and like to wear white clothes. Men often wear white coats with black vests. Women like to wear white or blue jackets with black or blue vests. Unmarried and married women have different hairstyles and headdresses.
The major festivals of the Bai People are the Raosanlin, the Torch Festival, the Patron God Festival and the Shibaoshan Mountain Song Festival. The most important of all is the Third Month Fair in Dali. It falls on March 15th on the Lunar calendar
and lasts seven days.
Festivals of the Minorities of Yunnan
Two festivals are the two important events for the minorities of Yunnan. They are the Water Splashing Festival and the Torch Festival. The Water Splashing Festival is the New Year according to the Dai calendar. At this time, the young girls and boys of Dai nationality will dress in colorful costumes and spray “auspicious” water on their guests to the lively beat of drums. The person who gets soaked through is believed to be the happiest and luckiest!
The Torch Festival is on 24th, June in the Lunar calendar and it is the grandest festival of the Yi nationality. In this festival, there are bullfighting and tumbling during the day and dancing and singing around large bonfires at night.
Video Script
Narrator: Outside of China, Han Chinese are often considered to be the sole culture of the country. While China’s population is predominately Han, it is actually composed of a number of ethnic minorities. These smaller groups are culturally distinct from the Han and several have separate languages and customs. Due to the current high levels of expansion and development in China, some feel it’s important to document these ethnic minorities before they’re lost. One person committed to recording the life of these fascinating peoples is Bryan Schmeck, a documentary filmmaker.
According to Schmeck, China’s nationalities, also known as “the fifty-six nationalities of China”, include the Han plus 55 other minority g roups. To find them, one must travel to the far edges of China. Here, inhabitants have maintained a way of life with minimal changes over the centuries.
In appearance and language, some cultures are distinctly different from those of mainstream China. The groups vary not only in the way they look and the languages they speak, but also in the arts, such as the songs and dances of their culture. For thousands of years, isolation has preserved their traditions, but now, even the most rural areas are joining the global village.
Brian Schmeck, Documentary Filmmaker: “I mean, they see the outside world that they’ve never seen before and they like what they see.”
Narrator: For a year and a half, filmmaker Bryan Schmeck has been traveling across China, rushing to complete a video archive of its minority cultures before they vanish.
Schmeck: “Ten to fifteen years from now, you’re not going to see what I’m seeing. People themselves will still exist, but their ideas, their culture, their way of life will not. It’ll be gone, and it’s disappearing really fast.”
Narrator: The Mou Suo people of Yunnan Province are just one of the 55 minority nationalities. A matriarchal society in which women are at the center, they have no word for “marriage”. The cultural mores here d iffer significantly from the rest of the world. Less than a decade ago, this area was rarely visited by outsiders. Now, city residents like Mei Zhou come here as tourists. For urban Chinese, spending time in these charming villages gives them a chance to enjoy nature. As a result of people’s rising interest, local residents can now earn a
living in the tourist industry and they truly seem to enjoy their work.
The Naxi people have lived in this mountain village of northwestern Yunnan Province for at least 1,500 years. For most of that time, they’ve been largely cut off from other people, mainly because no road came near the village. A village leader says that children are now able to walk two hours to get to a new road to catch a bus to school. But he worries that after they receive an education, the young people may see no reason to come back.
People throughout rural China are flooding into large cities, searching for things they know exist but can’t get out in the country.
Schmeck: “Modern conveniences, I mean nice housing. They like this and they want to go this way, so in a sense they’re getting a better life, but they’re forgetting where they came from.”
Narrator: For many of the 55 minority nationalities of China, there seems to be a rush to conform t o the rest of the country, and that’s not necessarily good if you believe that diversity is important.
Schmeck: “They’re going to be absorbed into mainstream China. You’re going to see it in a dinner theater or a floor show. Or you’re going to go up to a tourist park and a bunch of people will be putting on costumes to give you a little display of what was there.”
Narrator: Increasingly, China and the rest of the world are facing change and globalization. To think minority peoples can be immune to that transition is unrealistic. As China charts its course through the 21st Century, it’s important that its 55 minority nationalities don’t give up their cultural heritage or discard their ancient traditions for a new way of life. The varied cultures of China must be encouraged to preserve their history because it’s this diversity that enriches our world.
Teaching notes
I. 1. Ask students to go through the questions in the left-hand column.
2. Play the video.
3. Explain that the terms "ethnic minorities , "ethnic groups , "minority nationalities and "minority groups can all be translated to "Shaoshuminzu (少数民族) in Chinese.
II. 1. Give students time to list the differences between minority groups and mainstream China.
2. Play the video.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
4. Have students summarize the main idea of this part.
III. 1. Have students repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice and then write the sentences.
2. Have students listen again, and mark the word stress on content words with a stress mark ( ? ).
3. Have students listen to each sentence and draw an upward arrow ? for rising intonation, or a downward arrow ? for falling intonation.
4. Have students listen again and draw a curved line to mark any words that
are linked or blended together.
5. Have students practice reading the sentences till they can say them using appropriate intonation and stress pattern.
Word bank
1. be com posed of be formed from a number of substances, parts, or people
e.g. Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
The legal system is composed of people, and people make mistakes.
2. distinct adj. clearly different
e.g. The learning needs of the two groups are quite distinct from each other.
3. document vt. write about something, film it, or take photographs of it, in order to record information about it
e.g. His research documents how the crisis occurred.
4. preserve vt. save something or someone from being harmed or destroyed
e.g. We must encourage the planting of new trees and preserve our existing woodlands.
Teaching notes
I. 1. Have students guess which picture represents the Mou Suo people and which represents the Naxi people? before they watch the video.
2. Play the video.
3. Have students give more details about the two ethnic groups after they finish the exercise.
4. Have students summarize the main idea of this part.
II. 1. Give students some time to predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
III. 1. Ask students to decide which group they would like to join.
2. Have the students in each group discuss the questions in Step 2.
3. Let the two groups with opposite viewpoints have a debate.
4. Make some constructive comments on the class debate.
Word bank
1. archive n. a place where a large number of historical records are stored, or the records that are stored
e.g. The writer's younger sister has been keeping an archive of the writer's unpublished work after his death.
2. matriarchal adj. ruled or controlled by women
e.g. Around a great lake in the mountains of Southwest China lives a matriarchal group called Mou Suo.
3. mores n. customs, social behavior, and moral values of a particular group
e.g. Contemporary social and sexual mores have changed greatly.
4. see no reason to there is no reason to do something
e.g. I see no reason to invest heavily in a building firm.
Collocation
see no reason why 没理由……for reasons of sth. 由于……的原因
with (good) reason (完全)合乎情理have every reason to do sth. 完全有理由做某事
5. flood into cover a place with something
e.g. Applications flooded into the office.
Collocation
be in (full) flood? (江河)泛滥；处于活动高潮
be flooded with 充斥
Useful expressions
Describing pros and cons
* The good/bad points are…* What can benefit us is …
* It proved worthwhile to * The problem is …
* We’re concerned/worried about…* We’ll suffer from…if…
Teaching notes
I. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Have students compare the answers in pairs.
II. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the video.
3. Have students compare the answers in pairs.
4. Have students translate the expressions into Chinese and make a new sentence with each one.
III. 1. Explain to students that the three questions correspond to the three paragraphs in the video.
2. Play the video.
3. Have students answer the three questions with the help of the given expressions.
4. Have students summarize the main idea of this part.
Word bank
1. conform to comply with rules, standards, or laws
e.g. All companies are required to conform to these rules.
Collocation
conform with 符合
2. that's not necessarily good not definitely or always good
e.g. The more expensive articles are not necessarily better.
3. absorb into take in liquid, gas, or another substance from the surface or space around something
e.g. Water and salts are absorbed into our blood stream.
Collocation
be absorbed by 被……吞并; 为……所吸收
be absorbed in 全神贯注在……; 热衷于……
absorb sb's attention 吸引某人注意
4. be immune to not affected or influenced by something
e.g. No one is immune to his immense charm.
Many people are immune to this disease.
5. transition n. when something changes from one form or state to another
e.g. Making the transition from youth to adulthood can be very painful.
They all support a peaceful transition.
6. chart its course to make a plan of what should be done to achieve a particular result
e.g. Each team was responsible for making its own decisions and charting its own course.
Useful expressions
Making a summary
* To sum up, …* Generally speaking, …
* In conclusion, …* As we can see from…, …
* A recent survey shows that…* People h ave different ideas on…
Teaching notes
I. 1. Give students time to predict the answers. Explain that the answers may not be the exact words from the video.
2. Play the video.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
II. 1. Put students into pairs and have them decide on the roles.
2. Have students outline the interview according to the pictures.
3. Have students practice their interview.
4. Encourage students to role-play the interview in front of the class.
III. 1. Put students into groups of three or four and introduce the task.
2. Go through the information in the sample fact sheet. In addition to the items listed in the fact sheet, tell students they can also introduce food, clothes or beliefs of minority groups.
3. Give students enough time to do research and complete the fact sheet.
4. Invite a representative from each group to report their findings to the class.
5. Ask other groups to take notes while a group is reporting their findings.
6. Have students compare notes in group s and summarize other groups’ findings.
Useful expressions
Making an interview on professional topics
* What an honor it is to have this opportunity to interview you.
* Mr./Ms…, thanks for participating all the way from…
* What do you suggest…can do to…?
* What is your specific area of concern regarding…?
* In closing, I thank all of the participants.
* Thanks to all for offering your wisdom.
I. Watch Part 1. Choose the answer(s) to each of the following questions in the table. Some of the questions may have more than one answer.
The Varied Cultures of China
1. Which nationality is the biggest one in China?
2. Who is Brian Schmeck?
3. How many nationalities are there in China?
4. Where can people find those ethnic minorities?
5. In which aspects are minority cultures different from those of mainstream China?
A. The Han nationality.
B. The Mou Suo people.
A. A documentary editor.
B. A documentary filmmaker.
A. 56.
B. The Han plus 55 other minority groups.
A. On the far edges of China.
B. In mountainous area.
A. In appearance and language.
B. Not only in the way they look and the languages they speak, but also in the arts.
1.A
2.B
3.AB
4.A
5.AB
II. Watch again. Complete the following sentences about minority groups in China.
1. These smaller groups are culturally distinct from the Han and several have separate ____________________________.
2. Here, inhabitants have maintained ___________________ with minimal changes over the centuries.
3. In ________________________________, some cultures are distinctly different from those of mainstream China.
4. The groups vary not only in the way they look and the languages they speak, but also in the arts, such as the ____________________________ of their culture.
5. For thousands of years, isolation has preserved their traditions, but now, even the most rural areas are joining the ____________________________.
1. languages and customs
2.a way of life
3.appearance and language
4.songs and dances
5.global village
III. Listen and repeat. You are going to hear five sentences selected from the video. Repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice. Then write the sentences.
1.Outside of china,Han Chinese are often considered to be the sole culture of the country.
2.Which China’s population is pred onminately Han,it is actually composed of a number of ethnic minorities.
3.Due to the current high levels of expansion and development in China some feel it’s important to document those ethnic minorities befre they are lost.
4.The documentary filmmaker is commitiny to recording the life of those fascinating people.
5.To find them,one must travel to the far edges of China.
I. Watch Part 2. Match each description about the Mou Suo people and the Naxi people with the correct picture.
Picture A: C A E Picture B: B D
A. City residents like Mei Zhou come here as tourists.
B. They have lived in the mountain village for at least 1,500 years.
C. In a matriarchal society the concept of "marriage exists in a very different way.
D. The village leader worries that young people are leaving the village.
E. They can now earn a living in the tourist industry.
II. Watch again. Underline the incorrect word and write the correct one.
1. Ten to twenty years from now, you're not going to see what I'm seeing.
______________
2. For urban Chinese, spending time in these farming villages gives them a chance to enjoy nature. ______________
3. The Naxi people have lived in this mountain village of northeastern Yunnan Province for at least 1,500 years. ______________
4. But he worries that after they receive an education, the young people may find no reason to come back. ______________
5. They are getting a bitter life, but they're forgetting where they came from.
______________
1.twenty----fifteen
2.farming----charming
3.northeastern----northweatern
4.find----see
5.bitter----better
III. Oral work. Work in two groups. Have a debate on "whether young people from minority groups should leave their hometowns. Different generations in the village have different opinions on this issue. Young people are eager to go to big cities, while old people have concerns for the future of the village.
Step 1: Join one group;
Step 2: Have a discussion with people on your side based on the following questions: For the young people:
Why do you want to go to big cities?
How can you keep your identity in the modern society?
Will you come back to your hometown?
How can you preserve your traditions?
For the old people:
What are your worries and concerns?
What will happen if young people rush to big cities?
What problems will young people encounter in big cities?
What kind of way of life should young people live?
Step 3: Have a debate.
Useful expressions
Pros (Young people from minority groups should leave their hometowns.)
1. enjoy modern conveniences and better life in big cities
2. widen horizons and have rich experiences throughout their whole life
3. receive better education and have more opportunities
4. discard some superstitious and ignorant ideas and behaviors
5. come back home to modernize the hometown
Cons (Young people from minority groups should not leave their hometowns.)
1. many inconveniences and dangers in big cities
2. losing their identity in big cities
3. disappearance of some traditions and customs
4. the village being frequently visited by outsiders
5. don't know where they belong
I. Watch Part 3. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. ______ It's not good for the 55 minority nationalities of China to rush to the rest of the country.
2. ______ Schmeck thinks that in the future, people can only get to know minority groups by performances and displays.
3. ______ It is realistic to think minority groups are immune to globalization.
4. ______ According to the narrator, China should make efforts to preserve cultural heritage of varied cultures.
5. ______ Preserving the traditions and history of minority peoples will make China more competitive in the world.
1.F
2.T
3.F
4.T
5.F
II. Watch again. Fill in the blanks with the missing expressions.
1. For many of the 55 minority nationalities of China, there seems to be a rush to ________________________ the rest of the country.
2. They're going to be ________________________ mainstream China.
3. To think minority peoples can be ______________________ that transition is unrealistic.
4. It's important that the 55 minority nationalities don't give up their ________________________ or discard their ancient traditions for a new way of life.
1.conform to
2.absorbed to
3.immune to
4.cultural heritage
III. Oral work. Work with a partner. Summarize the main idea of this part with the help of the following questions and useful expressions.
Question 1 What is the concurrent trend for the 55 minority nationalities?
Useful expressions a rush to conform to the rest of the world, not necessarily good
Question 2 Where can people get to know minority groups in the future according to Schmeck?
Useful expressions in a dinner theater or a floor show, in a tourist park
Question 3 What is the opinion expressed in the end as to the future of ethnic minorities?
Useful expressions don't give up cultural heritage or discard ancient traditions, preserve the history
I. Watch the entire video. Fill in the blanks with the missing words or expressions. Project Profile
1. Name: Brian Schmeck
.2.Occupation: Dolumentary filmmaker
3.Goal:to document these ethnic minorities before they’re lost
4.Location: To find them,one must travel to the far edges of China.
5.Length of project: For a year and a half, Brain Schmeck has been travelling across China.
6.Time Constraints: Some nationalities may disappear in ten to fifteen years.
II. Oral work. Work with your partner and role-play a TV interview between Brian Schmeck and the TV host/hostess.Your interview should include all the information from the Project Profile in the above exercise, an introduction to each of the minority groups mentioned in the video and the reasons why they leave their villages.
Useful expressions
the culture of the Han Chinese not the sole culture of China
be composed of a number of ethnic minorities
be distinct from/be distinctly different from/differ significantly from
travel to the far edges of China
be largely cut off from outside world
a matriarchal(母系氏族的)society
spending time/having holidays in charming villages
receive an education
see no reason to come back
flood into big cities
be absorbed into mainstream China
preserve cultural heritage
III. Project. Form groups of three or four. Do research online or at the library on an ethnic minority you're interested in. First, make a fact sheet about one minority, including information about the history, location, language, culture, etc. Secondly, report the findings to the class. Each member should be responsible for a part. Sample Fact Sheet
Minority The Zhuang Minority Group
History with a history of thousands of years dating from Zhou Dynasty
Region mostly in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
Language a language of its own that belongs to the Zhuang-Dai branch of Zhuang-Dong Austronesian(南太平洋群岛的)(an austronesian belongs to the Sino-Tibetan family of languages). The language is divided into two dialects although they have few differences.
Culture crafts, frescoes(壁画装饰)and bronze drums
Festivals In addition to sharing similar festivals with the Han, the Zhuang minority has its unique ones including the Devil Festival, the Ox Soul Festival, and the Singing Festival.
READING
The Varied Cultures of China
1. Outside of China, the culture of the Han Chinese is often considered to be the sole culture of China. While it's true that the population is predominantly Han and over 90 percent of its people are classified as such, China is actually composed of a great number of ethnic minorities. These smaller groups are all quite culturally distinct from the Han Chinese and several have their own languages and customs.
2. China is presently undergoing extremely high levels of economic development, progress, and rapid change throughout the country. Due to this high level of change and the growth of expansion and development, some feel that it's very important to document the ethnic minorities of the country in some way. Making films about them, for example, would ensure that future generations would be able to gain insights about these cultures, and learn about their languages, beliefs, and mores. One person is committed to recording the way of life of these fascinating people. Brian Schmeck, a documentary filmmaker, has made it his mission to document the vanishing cultures of the 55 minority nationalities of China.
3 . Who are these cultural groups and where do they live? According to Schmeck, China's people, also known as "the fifty-six nationalities of China , are composed of the Han people and 55 other minority groups. To find some of these minority nationalities, one must travel to the far edges of China, beyond the great rivers with the deep gorges, and across mountains covered in mystery. It is there that one can find a China that has long remained undiscovered and relatively unknown to those who do not live there. Until recently, some foreigners weren't even aware that these aspects of China existed.
4 . In the remoter provinces of the country, such as parts of Yunnan, inhabitants have maintained a way of life with minimal changes over the centuries. These people still use traditional ways of life; some of them still wash their clothes in the river as they have always done, others use oxen to plow their land, and work the earth by hand. It's a hard life, but a simpler one as well, with a close sense of family and a powerful work ethic. It is also a way of living that may be in danger of being discarded for the fast and easy way of progress.
5. As one watches one of the ethnic groups wearing traditional dress and doing a cultural dance, it becomes apparent that they are quite dissimilar from the high fashion city residents on the streets of Beijing and Shanghai. In appearance and
language, some cultures are distinctly different from those of mainstream China; however, the distinction doesn't end there. The groups vary not only in the way they look and the languages they speak, but also in the arts, such as in the songs and dances of their culture. In fact, these discrete(分离的) groups differ in many aspects of their culture and stand out as being individual and unique.
6． For thousands of years, isolation from the world has preserved the traditions of China's ethnic and cultural minorities. Now, however, things are changing. Even the most rural areas of the country are joining the global village. Some of the most remote homes now have access to TV, phones, and the Internet through satellite connections. This in turn means that often for the first time in their history, they can have regular contact with the rest of the world and continual access to what is happening elsewhere. These previously isolated groups are no longer as cut off, and the results of the change are interesting.
7． Schmeck's experience suggests that the people in these ethnic minorities are not upset by what they see on their TV screens. In fact, it seems extremely attractive and appealing to them. Schmeck explains, "I mean, they see the outside world that they've never seen before and they like what they see. In fact, many of the villagers like it so much that they don't want to sit by passively and watch it. They want to join it.
8． For a year and a half, filmmaker Brian Schmeck has been traveling across China, rushing to complete a video archive of its minority cultures. Why the hurry? Schmeck explains that he feels these peoples ways of living are rapidly changing, and for him it's important to record it before their ways of the past vanish completely. He believes that he may become one of the last witnesses to some of the traditions of these cultures.
9 . After enjoying a dance with one of the local ethnic groups, Schmeck comments about his mission: "Ten to fifteen years from now, he says, "you're not going to see what I'm seeing. People themselves will still exist, but their ideas, their culture, their way of life will not. It'll be gone, and it's disappearing really fast.” The films that Schmeck is making are intended to record the amazing cultural diversity of the 55 minority nationalities of China, both for himself and for posterity.
10. The Mo Suo people of Yunnan Province are just one example of the 55 minority nationalities. The cultural mores of this fascinating people differ rather significantly from the rest of the world. For example, they have a matriarchal society while most of the rest of the world consists of patriarchal societies, where the opposite gender plays the lead role. Interestingly enough, the Mo Suo language has no word for "marriage , since the concept doesn't exist in their culture in a way that most of the world understands.
11. On one of his journeys to the rural areas of China, Schmeck visits the home of the Mo Suo. To get there, he must cross a large lake and relies on local help, in this case, a very friendly elderly woman. As the woman of nearly 70 rows Schmeck and his crew across the large body of water, she sings cheerfully in the language of the Mo Suo people.
12 . Less than a decade ago, this area of Yunnan was rarely visited by outsiders, but now city residents like a young woman named Mei Zhou come here as tourists. Mei explains that spending time in these remote regions gives urban Chinese a chance to enjoy nature. She adds that many find the local inhabitants interesting and the charming villages are often a welcome break from all the activity of the big city. As one enjoys the beautiful scenery surrounding the lake, it's interesting to consider that as a result of people's rising interest in minority cultures and the Mo Suo people, a 67-year-old grandmother can now earn a living in the tourist industry and she truly seems to enjoy her work.
13. The Naxi people, who live in the northwestern part of Yunnan Province, are another example of the cultures of the 55 minority nationalities. They have lived in a charming mountain village for at least 1,500 years. For most of that time, they've been largely cut off from other people,mainly because no road came anywhere near the village. The lack of a road has created an enormous challenge for the Naxi. No road means no transport; and no transport means that its citizens are forced to walk everywhere.
14 . However, these days, things are changing. A village leader says that children now have to walk only two hours to get to a new road to catch a bus to school. Though two hours may seem a lot to most of us, it's a considerable improvement in this isolated region of the world. While the opportunity to receive an education is an excellent chance for the children of this remote area, the village leader is concerned. He worries that after they receive an education, the young people may see no reason to come back to this little village with its donkey tracks and its simple lifestyle. He anticipates that most of them will want to move to the big city, which could eventually mean the end of this small village.
15 . It appears that the fears of the leaders of the Naxi village may just come true. People throughout rural China are flooding into large cities like Chongqing, searching for things they know exist because they've seen them on TV or heard about them from others. The problem is that they can't get these things out in the country. What they are looking for is something that is totally understandable for most. These young people are heading to the bigger cities mainly in search of material possessions and a better life. Brian Schmeck explains: "Modern conveniences, I mean nice housing. They like this and they want to go this way, so in a sense they're getting a better life, but they're forgetting where they came from.”
16 . As Schmeck says, it's easy for people to forget the culture of their village once they become established in the city. For many of the 55 minority nationalities of China, there seems to be a rush to conform to the rest of the country, and that's not necessarily a good thing if you believe that diversity is important."They're going to be absorbed into mainstream China, says Schmeck, adding that the rich cultural traditions of the ethnic minorities could someday become nothing more than a tourist attraction. "You're going to see it in a dinner theater or a floor show, he says. "Or you're going to go up to a tourist park and a bunch of people will be putting on costumes to give you a little
display of what was there. Once cultures get to this point, of course, they often become something to look at, like pictures in a museum, rather than a real living piece of history and tradition.
17. Increasingly, China and the rest of the world are facing greater change and globalization. To think minority cultures here and around the world can be immune to that transition is obviously unrealistic. As China charts its course through the early part of the 21st century and continues its high-speed economic development, an emphasis on preserving traditional culture will be increasingly important. It's important that the people of China's 55 minority nationalities do not give up their cultural heritage and that they don't completely discard their ancient traditions for a new way of life. The varied cultures of China must be encouraged to preserve their history because it's their diversity that so greatly enriches our world.
gorge n. a high, narrow opening between mountains, usually with a stream or river
plow vt. use a farm implement (a plow) to turn over earth for planting crops archive n. a collection of historical interest
posterity n. future generations of people alive after one’s death
a bunch of (slang) a lot of
immune adj. unaffected by something
enrich vt. make better or more pleasing
Reading Comprehension
1. Where does the writer say some of the 55 minority nationalities of China are located?
A. In the Yunnan province.
B. Near China's great rivers.
C. In remote regions of the country.
D. No one knows.
2. The word "inhabitant in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. participant
B. unified
C. compile
D. resident
3. Some of China's ethnic and cultural minority nationalities are different from the Han nationality in all of the following ways EXCEPT ______.
A. nationality
B. attraction to modernism
C. language
D. cultural ways
4. The Mo Suo language has no word for ______.
A. marriage
B. matriarch
C. patriarch
D. gender
5. Which of the following is a suitable heading for Paragraph 12?
A. Grandmother Rows Boat.
B. Tourism Affects Region.
C. Urban Residents Come Seeking Activity.
D. Tourists Work in Villages.
6. The young people of Naxi village are used as an example of ______.
A. those who must document the past
B. a group not compatible with contemporary China
C. people transitioning to a new way of life
D. an ongoing trend in China's 55 minority nationalities
7. Which of the statements best expresses the writer's opinion in Paragraphs 16 and 17?
A. Ethnic minorities are a valuable part of world culture.
B. The modern world is going to destroy all villages.
C. Schmeck can help stop China's economic development.
D. Tourist parks are a useful way to preserve traditions.
8. With China's ethnic minorities joining the global village, some of the most remote homes now have __________________ TV, phones, and the Internet through satellite connections.
9. As a result of people's rising interest in minority cultures and the Mo Suo people, a 67-year-old grandmother can now ___________________________________________ and she truly seems to enjoy her work.
10. To think minority cultures here and around the world can ________________________ that transition is obviously unrealistic.
1.C
2.D
3.B
4.A
5.B
6.C
7.A
8. access to
9.earn a living in the torist industry
10.be immune to
HOME LISTENING
audio SCRIPT
听力原文，答案在原文中，自己找！！！！！！！！！！！！
The World Heritage Organization: Preserving Our Past
Today many organizations, both local and global, are devoted to preserving works of art, buildings, and even entire cities. The World Heritage Organization (WHO) is one such group. The following is a brief update on what is being done to preserve cultural heritage worldwide.
The Tombs of Buganda Kings in Kampala, Uganda
The Buganda are one of eight tribal groups who have lived in Uganda for centuries. By 1750 they had created a well-planned centralized form of government. Their leader, called the Kabaka, was assisted by a prime minister as well as the head of the army and the commander of the navy. Over the years, the tribe has continued to maintain many of their original customs and beliefs. Tribal loyalty remains important to the Bugandans, even as many of them leave the country to make lives for themselves overseas. In 1884, in order to preserve and honor the memory of the former kings, the palace grounds of the Kabaka were turned into a burial ground for
them. In 2001, WHO declared the area an official World Heritage Site.
The City of Quito, Ecuador
Before Europeans arrived in 1532, Ecuador was part of the great Inca kingdom. The area that is now called Quito became an important political center, and by the end of the 1500s the main streets of the city had been laid out and remain essentially the same today. As part of Quito’s early development, many grand public buildings such as palaces and cathedrals were constructed and decorated with beautiful statues and paintings. A powerfully original form of artwork emerged, combining European and South American Indian influences. This style of art greatly influenced the development of art in Latin America over the next 200 years and resulted in Quito being declared a WHO site in 1978.
The Antonine Wall in Scotland, United Kingdom
The Antonine Wall is a 37-mile-long earth and stone barrier built across Scotland by the Romans to protect its lands to the south from invasion by enemy groups. It was begun in A.D. 140 and completed two years later. Originally, forts were built every six miles along the wall, but this was later increased to every two miles. Today, the remains of the wall are clearly visible in many areas along its length, and it just recently became an official WHO site.
Teaching notes
I. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the audio.
3. Have students compare the answers in pairs.
4. Have students summarize the main idea of the listening passage.
II. 1. Give students time to predict the answers.
2. Play the audio.
3. Elicit the answers from students.
III. 1. Have students repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice and then write the sentences.
2. Have students listen again, and mark the word stress on content words with a stress mark (?).
3. Have students listen to each sentence and draw an upward arrow ? for rising intonation, or a downward arrow ? for falling intonation.
4. Have students listen again and draw a curved line ? to mark any words that are linked or blended together.
5. Have students practice reading the sentences till they can say them using appropriate intonation and stress pattern.
IV. 1. Explain the task.
2. Put students into pairs. Have them ask and answer questions concerning the three WHO Heritage Sites.
3. Remind students that they can use the informatio n they’ve already heard on the audio.
4. Have students role-play their dialogues in front of the class.
1. burial n. the action or practice of interring a dead body
e.g. His remains were shipped home for burial.
Cremation is more common than burial in some countries.
2. lay out design; plan
e.g. The architect laid out the interior of the building.
Our plan must be well laid out before we begin to work.
3. essentially adv. basically (used when stating the most basic facts about something)
e.g. Ballet is essentially a middle-class interest.
Suicide rates have remained essentially unchanged.
4. originally adv. in the beginning, before other things happened or before things changed
e.g. The family originally came from France.
The building was originally used as a prison.
I. Listen to the passage. Fill in the blanks with the missing words or expressions. WHO Heritage Sites
II. Listen again. Fill in the blanks with the missing words or expressions.
1. Tribal loyalty ________________________ to the Bugandans, ______________________ many of them leave the country to make lives for themselves overseas.
2. As part of Quito's early development, many grand public buildings such as palaces and cathedrals were _____________________________________________ beautiful statues and paintings.
3. This style of art greatly influenced the development of art in Latin America over the next 200 years and ________________________ Quito being declared a WHO site in 1978.
4. ________________________, forts were built every six miles along the wall, but this was later increased to every two miles.
III. Listen and repeat. You are going to hear five sentences selected from the audio. Repeat each sentence after it is spoken twice. Then write the sentences.
1.
_________________________________________________________________ _______
_________________________________________________________________ _______
2.
_________________________________________________________________ _______
3.
_________________________________________________________________ _______
4.
_________________________________________________________________
5.
_________________________________________________________________ _______
IV. O ral work. Work with your partner to make a dialogue between a potential tourist and a travel agent. The tourist asks for information for traveling to WHO Heritage Sites. The agent recommends the three WHO sites as mentioned in the listening passage.
Questions
1. What tours can you offer?
2. Can you tell me about some scenic spots that are worth a visit?
3. How about ?
4. Where do you want to go?
5. Do you have any brochures?
Useful expressions
You can rest assured that ...
Right now it's the best time of the year to visit ...
I hope to visit …
I want to join a tour group.
Then I will make the reservation for ...
中国荒野雄狮！
奋斗！
加油！
As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it. 1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____. a.they do not know how to enjoy themselves b.they do not believe that relaxation is important for health c.they are travelling fast all the time d.they are becoming busier with their work 2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________. a.not fearing stress b.knowing the art of relaxation c.high sense of responsibility d.having control over performance 3.Which of the follwing statements is ture? a.We can find some ways to avoid stress b.Stress is always harmful to people
第一单元 Outside view 1. 1 2 3 4 2.interview techniques lead in looking for boils down 3.professional job coach doing research practiced with present yourselfinterviewerpresentation and understanding in relationship to the jobsome examples dealing with problems 4. 1 3 5 7 8 9 10 11 5.what Samantha was doing wrong in her first job interview what she should do in future interviews Talk 1.B C A C 2.C A D Passage 1 1. 2.B D A D C Passage 2
Unite test DBACA BCDAD BDBC 第二单元 Outside view 1. 3 4 6 1.It's best suited to the download generation. Although the interview says "No one in the industry is suggesting the conventional bookshop is dead", the figures discussed indicate that the conventional bookshop will lose out to digital publishing. Downloadable books sell more than hardbacks and paperbacks. The e-book is delivered in a very convenient way. 2.undergoing a fundamental change600consuming content get it editedclick of a few buttons earning money for an author never really catch on Talk 1.B D A D 2.C B A
UNIT TEST 3 ACCDD 1.at 2.section 3.connects 4.bottom 5.shining 6.As 7.cross 8.Ten minutes later, as we were looking out the window, we saw everyone was running away from something 9. A huge flood was streaming down the mountain. We were standing on a higher place, so we could see everything 10.It was reported that the flood destroyed a big area and approximately 300 people were killed or disappeared that day ABBDC BDACC DABDA Unit 4 Lead in c d a e h f i g b Basic listening CBABD Listening in Task l CBDAA Task 2 Relationships marketing manager in conflict with expenses ended in vain training administrator visited establish closer relationships long-term picked up Task 3 CDDCA Let's talk
Unit 1 Roll over, Beethoven! Listening skills: Making inferences Listen to the dialogs and choose the best answer to each question you hear 1 (A) She’s too busy to go to the concert. (B) She'll go with the man soon. (C) She prefers to go to the movies instead. (D) She'll go with the man next time. 2 (A) The man should check in the car before it is too late. (B) The purse might be in the car. (C) The woman might find the purse around the car. (D) It is too late to look for the purse. 3 (A) She likes a CD on thieves and robbers. (B) The man looks like a pirate. (C) She will probably buy the CD. (D) She won't buy the CD. 4 (A) The singer might win in a beauty contest. (B) The singer is a very pretty woman. (C) The singer is unattractive. (D) No votes were cast for the singer at the beauty contest.
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四） 十六 Trees shoul d only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from d oing it unnecessarily than from l eaving the tree to grow in its own way. First, pruning may be d one to make sure that trees have a d esired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing
新编大学英语视听说4答案Unit 1 Part One Exercise 2 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A Exercise 3 1. right before 2. spring break 3. ski trip 4. about an hour 5. catch up on 6. wait a minute 7. anytime you want 8. read the end 9. go to the cinema 10. care about Part T wo Listening I Exercise 1 1. A 2. C 3. A 4.C 5.C 6. B Exercise 2 1. F 2. T 3.F 4. F 5. T Listening II Exercise 1 1. T 2. F 3.F 4. F 5. F 6 T Exercise 2 1. B 2. C 3.C 4.A 5. D Part Three More Listening Practice One Exercise 2 1.escape into 2. horror films 3. follow the detective 4. around these days 5. ring up Practice Two Exercise 1 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T Exercise 2 1. A 2. C 3.B 4. D Practice Three Exercise 1 1. B 2. B 3.C 4.B 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. C
1. T 2. F 3.T 4. F 5. T 6 T 7. F 8. F Practice Four Exercise 1 1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 5.C Exercise 2 1. F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5. F Part Four Testing Y ourself Section 1 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B Section II 1. C 2. B 3. D 4.C 5.B 6. A Section III 1) dinner/ band / cake 2) house / drinks 3) invite/ arrive/ fifty 4) drinks/ new Unit 2 Part One Exercise 2 1. F 2. F 3.T 4. F 5. T 6 T Exercise 3 1. donations/ individuals and organizations 2. dedicate/ time and resources 3. loving and caring 4. keep coming 5. keep the best 6. feel better about 7. not necessarily 8. lovely surprise 9. truth/ understanding 10. real key Part T wo Listening I
U n i t 1 Lesson A 1Vocabulary Link B a——8 b----2 C----1 d----4 e----1、4、5 f-----6、7、8、9 g-----1、3、6、7 h----1、4、5 2 Listening Activity 1 A report about Greenland A 1、Her paper is about Greenland’s and trees. 2、His knowledge of geography is not very good. He doesn’t know which country Greenland belongs to. 3、The first settlers of Greenland gave it the name to attract others. B 1、F 2、T 3、F 4、T 5、T 6、F 7、T Activity 2 A flying disaster A 1 “The Titanic of the sky” 2 zeppelin 3 40 passengers and crew 4 Germany 5 the US 6 two and a half 7 it was landing 8 35 correct picture 2 B 1、2、5、7 Activity 3 A Correct picture 2 B 1---k 2---j 3----k、j 4---j 5---k C 1 Jack seems to want a bigger car more than Kayla. 2 Jack suggests they get more information about several kinds of cars. Activity 4 1 very famous buildings 2 made of glass, steel, and concrete 3 designed 4 style 5 1998 6 452 meters high 7 modern and the traditional side B 1 world-famous museum Paris 500 six million 2 ancient capital big enough millions of shopping center C Louvre Museum Kyoto, Japan 1989 Hiroshi Hara to cope with the millions of visitors brings new life into the city center an ugly, modern mistake
Part1 Exercise2 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.C Exercise3 1.football,basketball,baseball 2.steady,boyfriend 3.guess,realized 4.broke,up 5.in,group 6.save,up 7.here,comes 8.happened,to 9.not,at,all 10.except,for Part2 Listening2 Exercise1 1)kind 2)gold 3)heartless 4)love 5)songs 6)says 7)touch 8)lifetime 9)gone 10)happens 11)feelings 12)speed listening3 exercise1 B Part3 Practice1 1)gaze 2)sighs 3)touch 4)hugs 5)such 6)words 7）praises 8)understands 9)lends 10)holds Practice2 Exercise1 C Exercise2 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.T 7.F Practice3 1)learning 2)admire 3)vocabulary 4)loving 5)relationship 6)connections 7)experiences 8)remembering 9)proud 10)try 11)body 12)expressions 13)willingness 14)fears 15)pace 16)best 17)jokes 18)fondness 19)laugh 20)with Practice4 Exercise1 D Exercise2 1.unsuccessful,marriages 2.failed,relationships 3.dreamed,of 4.words,action 5.men,natural Part4 Section1 1.2.3.5.7.8.9.11.tick Section2 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.B Section3 1.perfect 2.half,full 3.ashamed 4.failure 5.apologized 6.house 7.side 8.flower,seeds 9.watered 10.pick
2019年12月大学英语四级阅读真题及答案 2015年12月大学英语四级阅读真题及答案 【参考答案】 36、N。 saw 第一空显然缺少谓语，优先考虑动词，结合语义并根据Late November and December能够推出应选择过去式动词，故答案锁定saw。 37、F。 decades 根据two，首选复数名词，结合语义，“ for the first time in the two decades”，二十年来头一次。 38、H。 globally 句子为主系表结构，不缺主要成分，所以首选副词和形容词，根据语义，ever表示“一直以来地、向来地”，“十一月向来是世界范围内最温暖的一个月。” 39、D。 chances 缺少主语，并且谓语是are，所以首选复数形式的名词，结合前文Enjoy the snow now，“享受现在的雪吧”，因为“时机是好的”。 40、J。 occurs 空格前方有主语，且是单数形式，而后面由when引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般现在时，所以主句谓语锁定第三人称单数形式的动词，只能选择occurs。 41、A。 specific空格左为定冠词the，空格右为名词，中间只能选形容词，选择“特定的”符合语义。 42、B。 associated 空格左为be动词，右边为介词with，中间只能是形容词或动词的过去分词形式，be associated with表示“与…有联系”，符合原意。
43、G。 experiences 空格左为主语southern Africa，空格内应该为动词的第三人称单词形式，结合语义，选G，“南非经历着干燥的天气。 44、M。 reduce 空格左为情态动词，空格内必须为动词原形，填reduce“减少”符合原题。 45、K。 populations 空格与左边的large fish 共同构成动词support的宾语，只能选一个名词来作为名词词组，故选K，“大量的鱼群”。 【参考答案及解析】 61题，定位到第一段最后一句“varies by culture”，所以答案选A——They are culture-related。 62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的“Russian， for example， began to wake up about a half-hour later each day”这个句是干扰句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案推不出“他们比其他地方的人睡得更久”。然后看到第三段“Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays”，所以答案为C——They don’t sleep much on holidays。 63题，题干问的是欧洲人缺乏睡眠的major cause主要原因是什么，由题干的大写名词Europeans’ loss定位到倒数第二段的“compared to Germans， Italians， and the French， who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup”，原文的Germans，Italians， and the French就是题干中“Europeans”的同义改写，而他们stayed up就是为了to watch the Cup，所以说他们缺乏睡眠的原因便是C选项——The World Cup。
Unit 1 enjoy your feelings! II C B D A D l Listening In Task 1 what a clumsy man! Keys: A C D C B Task 2 causes of depression Keys: (1)families (2)chemicals (3)information (4)certain (5)self-esteen (6)thinking patterns (7)mood (8)divorce (9)physical abuse (10)financial difficulties (11)stress (12)anxiety Task 3 happiness index Keys: B D A A C l Let’s Talk Keys: (1) shy (2) crying (3)scared (4) came down (5) fun (6) nice (7) two step (8) argue (9) touch (10) bad time (11) speak (12) comfortable (13) brother (14) adults (15) children (16) secondary (17) growing (18) learn l Further Listening and Speaking Task 1: Big John is coming! (S1) owner (S2) running (S3) drop (S4) run (S5) local (S6) yelling, (S7) lives!” (S8) As he’s picking himself up, he sees a large man, almost seven feet tall. (S9) The bartender nervously hands the big man a beer, hands shaking. (S10) “I got to get out of town! Don’t you hear Big John is coming?” Task 2 Reason and emotion Key : A B C C D
新视野大学英语视听说教程4第二版答案Unit 1 enjoy your feeli ngs! Anger Correct answers irritated blow up
Correct answers Happi ness Correct answers
badness Correct ansv/ers cheerless depressed heartbroken in low spirits out or sorts Basic liste ning practice Keys: CBDAD l Liste ning In Task 1 what a clumsy man! Keys: ACDCB Task 2 causes of depression Keys:(1)families (2)chemicals (3)information (4)certain symptoms (5)self-esteem (6)thinking patter ns (7)mood (8)divorce (9)physical abuse (10)fi nan cial difficulties (11)stress (12)a nxiety Task 3 happ in ess in dex Keys: BDAAC l Let ' s Talk Keys: (1) shy (2) crying (3)scared (4) came down (5) fun (6) nice (7) two sisters (8) argue (9) touch (10) bad time (11) speak (12) comfortable (13) brother (14) adults (15) children (16) sec on dary (17) growing up (18) lear n l Further Liste ning and Speak ing
New Standard English Book 4 Unit 1 Inside view Conversation 1 2. Janet : go back to China,do my master’s (which means going back to university),live in London,become a teacher,work in publishing,apply for a job at London Time Off,update my CV and look for jobs together. Andy: leave London,go to China,look for jobs together. 3. the true statements are 2 and 8. Conversation 2 5. 1.Joe was a gofer before he became a researcher for Lift Off UK. 2.Andy wants Joe’s job as a producer. 6. 1(d) 2(d) 3(a) 4(c) 7. 1 It’s not always very easy working with 2.How did he end up in London 3.the least experienced person 4.He’s good at his job 5.He’s confident and very competent 6.I get on with him quite well Everyday English 8. 1(b) 2(b) 3(a) 4(a) 5(b) Outside view 2. the true statements Samantha agrees with are:1,2,3 and 4. 4. 1.She needs to improve her interview techniques to help her to get a job 2.She doesn’t know how to answer the questions and give answers that might lead her failure in a job interview. 3.She doesn’t understand what the interviewer is actually looking for. 4.That you need to be well prepared for an interview. It boils down to preparation,presentation and understanding what the interviewer is looking for. 5. 1.professional job coach 2.research on the position and the company 3.having not practised with some of the questions 4.how you present yourself 5.what the interviewer is actually looking for 6.preparation,presentation and understanding 7.in relationship to the job 8.some examples in your life 9.dealing with problems 7. the pieces of advice the speakers give are:1,3,5,7,8,9,10 and 11. Listening in Passage 1
英语四级阅读试题及答案详解1 Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts __1__ questions, and so on. For most of the time this “conversation” goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become __2__ of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between __3__ and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our question of the text continues at the unconscious level. Different people __4__ with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page, others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is __5__ in the text. The latter represents __6__ levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers. There is another conversation which from our point of view is __7__ important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “process” conversation as __8__ to a “content” conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the __9__ we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a
第四册 Unit1 Lead in Task 1 Enraged, fuming ,furious , irritated, livid, outraged, blow up, flare up, fly into a fury/rage,hit the roof 、 Horrified, scared,terrified, scared to death, paralyzed with fear, feel a shiver run down one’sspine、 Beaming, cheerful,joyful, thrilled, as happy as a king, in seventh heaven, on top of theworld, over the moon、 Blue,brokenhearted, cheerless, depressed, heartbroken, down in the dumps, in lowspirits, get (a case of) the blues, out of sorts、 Task 2 C B D A D Listening In Task 1 A C D C B Task 2 (1) families (2) chemicals (3) information (4) certain symptoms (5) selfesteem (6) thinking patterns (7) mood (8) divorce (9) physical abuse (10) financial difficulties (11) stress (12)anxiety Task 3 B D A A C Let’s Talk (1) shy (2) crying (3) scared (4) came down (5) fun (6) nice (7) two sisters (8) argue (9) touch (10) bad time (11) speak (12) fortable (13) brother (14) adults (15) children (16) secondary (17) growing up (18) learn Further Listening and Speaking Task 1: owner ; running ; drop ; run; local ;yelling ; lives ; As he was picking himself up, he saw a large man, almost seven feet tall ; The bartender nervously handed the big man a beer,
新视野大学英语视听说第三版第4册答案 Unit1 Sharing Task3 bcfdca Task4 24 Task5 1.(1)anti-social 2.(1)appreciate 3.(1)tolerant 4.impress (2)awareof (2)attidude (2)cometoanend(3)walkaway Listening Task2activity2 Lark:Speaker1 Owl:Speaker2 Speaker6
Speaker3 Speaker4Speaker5Speaker7 Task2activity3 1.peaceful 2.beautiful 3.lovelypart 4.party 5.withapassion https://www.doczj.com/doc/7912763744.html,stsecond 1 7.walkingtheirdogs 8.withabounce 9.away 10.thebestpartoftheday 11.thinkingstraight 12.atmysharpest 13.wehadchildren 14.inthemornings 15.intheevenings Viewing Task2activity2
24 Role-playing Task1activity2 gafhbdce Morepracticeinlistening shortconversations1 DABCC longconversations CBDA Passages:Passage1 ACDC Passages:Passage2 1.distressing 2.desperate 3.urge 4.acquire 2 5.aretotallyunawareof 6.areisolatedfrom 7.affirm 8.interactwith
大学英语视听说教程4答案 新视野大学英语视听说教程4第二版答案（最全最新版本含单元测试答案） Unit1 enjoy your feelings II C B D A D Listening In Task 1what a clumsy man! Keys: A C D C B Task 2causes of depression Keys: (1)families (2)chemicals (3)information (4) certain
(5)self-esteen (6)thinking patterns (7)mood (8)divorce (9)physical abuse (10)financial difficulties (11)stress (12)anxiety Task 3 happiness index Keys: B D A A C Let’s Talk Keys: (1) shy (2) crying (3)scared (4) came down (5) fun (6) nice (7) two step (8) argue (9) touch (10) bad time (11) speak (12) fortable (13) brother (14) adults (15) children (16) secondary (17) growing (18) learn Further Listening and Speaking Task 1: Big John is ing!
(S1) owner (S2) running (S3) drop (S4) run (S5) local (S6) yelling, (S7) lives!” (S8) As he’s picking himself up, he sees a large man, almost seven feet tall. (S9) The bartender nervously hands the big man a beer, hands shaking. (S10) “I got to get out of town! Don’t you hear Big John is ing?” Task 2 Reason and emotion Key : A B C C D