常考词对汇总
abundant—plentiful 丰富的－丰富的accelerate—increase 加速－增加accessible—reachable 可到达的－可到达的accordingly—for that reason 因此－因此account for—explain 说明accumulate—collect 积聚－收集acute—intense 急性的－剧烈的adhere—stick 粘附－粘附adjunct—addition 辅助－附加adorn—decorate 装饰－－装饰adverse—negative 相反的－负面的advocate—proponent 提倡者－支持者aesthetical—artistic 审美的－艺术的astound—surprise 令人极为惊讶的－令人惊讶attachment (to)—preference (for) 喜爱－喜爱attain—achieve 获得－获得attendant—accompanying 伴随的－伴随的attire—clothing 衣服－衣服attribute—characteristic 特征aviation—navigation 航空－航空barren—infertile 贫瘠的－贫瘠的bias—prejudice 偏见－偏见bizarre—odd 奇异的－奇怪的boost—raise 促进－提高bound—limit 限制－限制break (with)—departure (from) 与…相分离－与…相分离bring about—cause 导致－导致calculate—determine 计划－决定carry—support 支撑－支撑cast off—get rid of 丢弃－抛弃cease—stop 终止－停止celestial—astronomical 天上的－天文的chance—unplanned 偶然的－未计划的characterized—distinguished 具有特色的－杰出的classify—categorize 分类－分类coarse—rough 粗糙－粗糙cohesion—unity 凝聚－结合，统一coin—create 创造，杜撰－创造collectively—together 共同的－一起comparably—similarly 类似－同样地compile—put together 收集－收集compose—create 创作－创作，创造comprise—consist of 由…组成－由…组成
conceal—hide(cover) 隐藏－隐藏concentrate—cluster 集中－集中conclusive—definitive 最后的，结论性的－最后的，确定性的concomitant with—in conjunction with 与…相一致－与…相一致condone—mercy 宽恕－宽恕confined—limited 被限制的－限制的conflict—opposition 冲突－相反conjectural—based on guessing 推测的－给予猜测的consciously—on purpose 有意识地－有目的地conserve—retain 保存－保存considerable—great （数量、程度）巨大的－巨大的considerable—much 大量的－大量的，坚实的considerable—substantial 大量的－大量的，坚实的consort—associate 合伙人，伴侣－合伙人，伙伴conspicuous—noticeable 明显的－明显的constituent—component 组成部分－成分constitute—make up 构成－构成consult—counsel 商量－商量consumption—eating 消费－吃contemporary—existing 当代的－现存的counteract—negate 抵消－取消，否定counterpart—version 副本－版本crucial—essential 重要的，关键的－重要的，基本的cumbersome—burdensome 麻烦的－麻烦的customary—usual 习俗的－一般的dampen—moisten 使潮湿－使潮湿daring—bold 大胆的－大胆的deft—skilled 灵巧的－熟练的deliberate—careful 深思熟虑的－小心的demand—order 要求－命令demonstrate—show 证明－显示dense—thick 密集的－稠密的depress—lower 降低－降低depressed—saddened 沮丧的－悲伤的，沮丧的derive—obtain 取得，获得－获得detect—discover the presence of 发现－发现…的存在detectable—measurable 可察觉的，可测出的－可测量的detectable—sizable 可察觉的，可测出的－巨大的devastate—ruin 损坏－毁灭devote—dedicate 投身－致力dictate—determine 规定－确定diffuse—travel 扩散－传播dirt—soil 土壤－土壤disaster—catastrophe 灾祸－大灾祸
discreet—careful 谨慎的－小心的discrete—separate 离散的－分离的dispute—argument 争论－争论disseminate—spread/impart/inform 传播－散布/传播/传播distinct—different 截然不同的－不同的distinct—obvious 明显的－明显的distinct—separate 分别的，截然不同的－分离的distinction—difference 区别－差别distinguished—differentiated 不同的－不同的，有区别的divergence—difference 分歧－不同dogma—belief/doctrine 教条－信仰/教条domain—field 范围，领域－土地，领域dominate—be prevalent in 占优势－占优势dramatic—striking 引人注目的－引人注目的drastic—radical 猛烈的－根本的drastic—severe 激烈的－猛烈的draw—attract 吸引－吸引durable—lasting 耐久的－持久的durable—endurable 耐久的－持久的dwelling—house 住宅－房子eagerly anticipate—look forward to 热切地期望－盼望elaborate—detailed 详尽的，精巧的－详细的，精细的embed—encase 植入－包裹embrace—welcome （欣然）接受－欢迎embrace—recipient 接受者－接受者，收件人emerge—appear 出现－出现emit—give off 发射－发射employ—hire 雇用－雇用enable—allow 使能够－允许enable—help 使能够－帮助enact—perform 制定法律，扮演角色－扮演角色end—goal 目的－目的entire—whole 全部的－全部的entity—object 实体－物体entomb—trap 埋葬－使陷于…之中eradicate—eliminate 根除－清除essential—fundamental 基本的－基本的evidence—indicate 表明－指出exalted—superior 高贵的－出众的exceed—surpass 超越－超过execute—create （按计划和设计）做成，制成－创造exert—apply 施加－施行exorbitant—expensive 昂贵的，昂贵的expedient—makeshift 权宜之计－权宜之计
exponential leaps—rapid increases 几何级数般的跳跃－快速增加expose—uncover 揭露－揭露exposed to—subject to 暴露于－使经受，使遭受extend—increase 延长－增加，扩大extend—stretch 延伸－伸展extol—praise 赞美－赞扬extract—remove 提取，去掉－清除faction—side 帮派－一方fade (from)—disappear (from) 淡出－消失fashion—create 制作－创造fatal—deadly 致命的－致命的feed—put 填入－放入fine—minute 细小的－微小的first rank—highest quality 顶级的－最高档次的fixture—commonplace object 固定设备－常规物体flatter—compliment 奉承－赞美forage—feed 喂草料－喂食forward-looking—progressive 有远见的－进步的frame—pose 给…设框－使摆好姿势fundamental—basic 基本的－基本的fuse—combine 融合－联合gap—opening 裂缝－裂缝give way to—turn into 被…所替代－转变为glow—shine 发光－发光hard—firm 坚硬的－坚硬的hemisphere—side 半球－一侧herald—announce 预示，宣布－预示，宣布homogeneous—uniform 同源的－一致的imitate—copy 模仿－复制immunity—protection 免疫－保护implement—tool 工具－工具implication— significance 内涵－含义，意义impose—demand 强加（要求）－要求in place of—instead of 代替－代替inadequate—deficient 不充分的－缺乏的，不足够的incise—carve 切割－雕刻inclination—preference 爱好，倾向－爱好induce—cause 导致－导致inevitable—ineluctable 不可避免的－不可避免的influx—arrival 流入－到达ingot—a block of metal 金属锭－一块金属inhibit—hinder 阻止－妨碍initially—at first 最初－第一initiate—begin 创立－开始
instance—case 案例－案例instantaneous—immediate 立杆见影的－立即的integral—essential 整体的，构成整天所必需的－基本的，必需的intense—extreme 强烈的－极端的interchangeable—equivalent 可替换的－等值的intervention—influence 干涉－影响intricate—complex 复杂的－复杂的inviting—attractive 吸引人的－吸引人的jolt—shock 使震惊－使震惊lament—complain about 令人对…感到遗憾－抱怨lure—attract 引诱－吸引magnify—increase 扩大－提高magnify—intensify 扩大－加强magnitude—extent 量值，大小－范围maintain—preserve/keep 维持－保持/保持major—principal 主要的－主要的maneuver—trick 策略，花招－诡计margin—edge 边缘－边缘marked—pronounced 明显的－明显的meticulous—careful 谨小慎微的，过分注意细节的－小心的milestone—significant development 里程碑－重大的发展minuscule—tiny 微小的－微小的minute—tiny 微小的－微小的modify—change 改变－改变monopolize—dominate 垄断－支配moreover—furthermore 进一步说－进一步说mundane—ordinary 世俗的－平常的myriad of—many 无数的－许多的nevertheless—however 然而－然而novel—innovative 新颖的－创新的noxious—harmful 有害的－有害的obtain—acquire 得到－获得obtain—get 获得－得到outbreak—beginning 爆发－开始outline—summarization 概要－概述outstanding—excellent 出类拔萃的－很好的peak—maximum 顶峰－最大值peculiar—distinctive 独特的－独特的penetrate—go through 穿过－穿过persist—continue 坚持－持续pertinent—relevant 相关的－相关的phenomenon—event 现象－事件pick up—follow 沿着－沿着picture—imagine/describe 想象，描写－想象/描写
pit—hole 深坑－洞ponder—meditate 沉思－沉思ponderous—heavy 笨重的－沉重的pore—hole 孔－洞position—location 位置－位置potential—possible 潜在的－可能的prefer—favor 倾向，喜欢－喜欢preoccupation—involvement 全神贯注－全神贯注preside over—manage 掌管－掌管prevailing—most frequent 主要的－最经常的prevent—avoid 阻止－避免primary—fundamental 基础的－基本的，基础的principal—main 主要的－主要的prior to—preceding 在…之前－前面的prominent—distinguished 卓越的－杰出的prominent—prestigious 卓越的－著名的property—characteristic 特性－特点proponent—supporter 支持者－支持者prospect—possibility 前景－可能性protrude—project 突出－突出puncture—pierce 刺破－刺破rapid—swift 快速的－迅速的rare—infrequent 希罕的－不经常的rather—instead 相反－相反readily—easily 容易地－容易地realization—awareness 认识到－认识到reap—gain 收获－获得reckless—irresponsible 不负责任的－不负责任的refreshing—unusual 给人新鲜感的－不同寻常的relate—connect 与…有关－与…有关reliance—dependence 依靠－依靠remarkable—extraordinary 非凡的－非凡的restricted—limited 受限制的－受限制的revise—change 修改－改变rich—abundant 丰富的－丰富的robust—strong 强壮的－强壮的roll back—reduce 把…压到标准水平－降低，减少rotate—alternate 旋转－交替rotate—turn 旋转－旋转roughly—approximately 大约－大概rudimentary—undeveloped 初步的，尚未发展完备的－尚未发展完备的rupture—burst 爆裂－爆裂sanitation—health 卫生－卫生scale—climb 攀登－攀登
scope—range 范围－范围secure—acquire 弄到，获得－获得secure—safe 安全的－安全的set—establish 设置－建立settle—locate 定居－坐落shield—protect 保护－保护shy away from—avoid 躲避－躲避simultaneous—synchronous 同时的－同时的since—because 因为－因为site—location 地点－位置skepticism—doubt 怀疑－怀疑skilled—expert 熟练的－熟练的skyrocket—increase rapidly 快速上升－迅速增加smother—eliminate 窒息－清楚snap—break 断裂－断裂sole—only 唯一的－唯一的solemn—serious 严肃的－严肃的some—approximately 大约－大概sort out—separate 区分－分离spark—bring (about)/usher (in) 引起，开始－引起/开始spawn—create 引起，大量生产－创造speculate—hypothesize 推测－假设spot—identify 发现－确定，鉴别staggering—overwhelming 令人惊愕的－压倒性的staple—basic element 主要部分－基本组成部分stationary—fixed 静止的－固定的stimulate—encourage 刺激－激励story—tale 故事－故事strategy—scam/trick 诡计－诡计/诡计strength—basis 力量的源泉－基础stress—emphasize 强调－强调stringent—strict 严格的－严格的struggle—competition 挣扎－竞争subject to—susceptible to 易受…的－易受…的subsidize—finance 资助－资助substantiate—verify 证实－证实subtle—slight 精巧微妙的－细微的succinct—concise/terse 简短的－简明的/简短的sufficient—adequate 充足的－充足sumptuous—luxurious 奢侈的－奢侈的supplement—extension 补充－扩展，延伸support—hold/uphold 支持－支撑/支持supposed—seeming 假定的－表面上的supremacy—dominance 至高无上－优势
supreme—most outstanding 至高无上的－最出类拔萃的surge—accelerate 汹涌进行－加速发展suspend—hang 悬挂－悬挂symmetrical—proportionally balanced 对称的－比例平衡的tangle—twist/jumble 纠缠－缠绕、使混乱tempting—attractive 吸引人的－吸引人的thankful—grateful 感谢－感激trace—imprint 痕迹－印记trend—tendency 倾向－趋向unadorned—disorganized 未修饰的－混乱的undergo—experience 经历－经历uniform—integrate 统一－整合unique—particular 独一无二的－独特的unravel—discover 弄清－发现usher in—begin 开始－开始vary—differ 改变－与…不同vast—large 宽广的，巨大的－巨大的vibrate—convulse 震动－震动vigilant—alert 警惕的－警惕的virtually—actually/practically/almost 实质上（几乎）－实际上（几乎）witness—observe 目击－观察yield—provide 产生－提供
四级阅读熟词僻义归纳 CET-4考试大纲规定,阅读文章的语言难度中等,无法猜测 而又影响理解的关键词,如果超出教学大纲词汇表的范围,用汉语标明词义。这样命题者在词汇难度方面没有太多的发挥余地。换句话说,命题者主要是要考查考生在阅读中的推断能力,即根据上下文,运用背景知识、逻辑推理、语法及语篇完整性来推测词义的能力。而考生往往单纯注重一些生词及短语,忽视了熟词僻义。殊不知,掌握熟悉的词汇在特定语境中的取义,往往成为理解语句结构的枢纽,意义重大,可以帮助考生把握作者的思想意图,是解题的关键所在。例如,2003年1月CET-4 Passage 3倒数第二段中有这样一句话:A second language isn't generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal. 句中的edge一词就属于熟词僻义,edge不是常见的"边缘"或"刀口"的意思,而应解释为"优势,优越地位"。考生如果对此不够熟悉,势必会影响阅读的效果。因此在这里,笔者分析历年四级真题,对照大纲词汇表,就阅读时常见并影响阅读的熟词僻义现象予以归纳,供考生备考之用。 1. address 对……说话, 向……致意 He addressed his complaints to themanager. 他向经理诉了苦。 2. anchor 担任(电视节目等的)主持人 Mary anchored the TV programme. 玛丽主持了这个电视节目。 3. appeal (to) 上诉,申诉 Tom appealed to the higher court against his sentence. 汤姆对判决不服而向高级法院上诉。 4. arrest 吸引 Mary's beauty arrests many eyes. 玛丽的美貌吸引了众多的目光。 5. attend (to) 料理,处理,照顾
中考英语熟词僻义总汇A a set 一套 act n. 短节目，表演者 add v. 继续说 address n. 演说，致词 v. 向……致词，向……发表演说 afraid adj. 犯愁的 after prep. 鉴于，由于，仿照，模仿 alive adj. 在世的 appointment n．任命，委派 athletic adj. 活跃的 awful adj. 十分的，大量的 B band vt. 使聚集，使团结 bank n. 堤，岸，田埂 bargain n.特价商品，便宜货 blender n. 搅拌器 blue adj. 沮丧的，忧郁的，猥亵的，下流的board n. 膳食，伙食，舞台，委员会，董事会body n. 尸体 build n. 体格，体形 business n. 职责，分内事，权利，商行 by prep. 到（某时）之前，不迟于 C calendar n. 日程表 call v. 称呼，为……取名
can n. (装液体等的)容器(如罐、壶、桶等) captain n. 首领 case n. 事实，案例 character n. 特色，名声，汉字 china n. 瓷器 class n. 社会等级，种类 cool adj. (口)令人满意的，绝妙的 coach v. 训练，指导 consider v. 思考，认为 cross n. 磨难，苦难 crowd v. 挤满，充满 collect V. 开车去某地接某人 count v. 对……重要 D date n. 枣 deal v. 分配，分给，经营，交易 develop v. 冲洗(底片)，养成……的习惯 doctor n. 博士 draw v. 拖长，开支票，吸引 dress v. 穿衣，给(伤口)敷药，打扮，调制(色拉) E easy adj. 安逸的，自在的 empty v. 排空，倒出 eraser n. 黑板擦 exam n. 检查 excuse n. 辩解，借口 F
同义词词汇表 写在前面的话 各位亲，你们都是优秀的，因为你们正在奋力实现自己的梦想。 当然，一路上你们需要劈荆斩棘，听说读写，各有难处。对于托福阅读来，难就难在词汇要求高。单词不是万能，但不背单词万万不能。阅读题目中约有1/4 是单词题，因此想要驾驭托福阅读，一定要搞定单词题。而且面对这些题目时，最好做到秒杀它，这样才能有余裕处理其它较复杂阅读题目。那么如何秒杀？我们先来了解一个事实：新托福考试自2005年问世以来，考重题的概率已经达到了惊人的程度，一些词汇题也多有重复。因此要想秒杀，我们可以事先牢记历史上考过的词汇。但不用紧张，这些词汇的总数并不多，而且大部分收录于本手册中，共计20页左右，供亲们短期强化记忆。路遥费马力，一鼓作气，再而竭，三而衰，建仪大家短期内过完一遍，然后重复重复再重复，在读文章中重复，在做题目中重复。如此操作，定能在词汇题上所向披靡！ 另外，除准备词汇题外，该手册还有一重要作用─准备同义替换。我们再了解一个事实：阅读题目的选项通常都是对原文某句话的同义改写，即同样的意思，不同的表达。因此，对于这种换了马甲的答案，我们一定要能洞穿其本质没变。如何洞穿？熟悉常见的同义替换词组就是一个好方法。但是对于一些词汇间的本质联系，亲们可能理解上有些困惑，若有此种情况，强烈建议使用美国的麦克米兰词典，该词典用2000左右的基础词汇解释了所有的高级词汇， 何其牛尔！ 最后建议在平日做题时，若有词汇题错误，或者理解错误，不妨纳入那手册，集中记忆，为熟手尔！手册中难免有纰漏，请大家当当啄木鸟，指正错误， 共同完善它。 期望大家托福阅读取得好成绩，托福取得好成绩！
A 1.absorb=take in=assimilate=incorporate（incorporate sth into sth）吸收 incorporate=embrace=include 包括（反义：exclude, rule out, remove, preclude）2.appealing=attractive=compelling=inviting=tempting=popular 吸引的 (appeal为名词时=popularity；beckon= attract 吸引) 3.absorbed=engrossed=fully engaged in 全神贯注=be not absent 4.abundant =abound with=a number of=do not lack=myriad of 大量的 5.accommodate=provide with=endow with 给予 6.accommodate to = adapt to=be accustomed to= 适应( gear 表示使适合) 7.accumulate=collect= build up= amass= gather 累积（增加）=increase (augment= increase 扩大) 8.adherent=advocate=supporter 支持者，拥护者 9.adjacent (to)=nearby=neighboring=adjoining 相邻的 10.advent=arrival=coming=introduction of sth 到来，引入 11.affair = event= occasion =matter=episode事情，事件 12.akin to=similar to=alike= analogous 相类似的（等于动词resemble） 13.allocate=distribute =designate 分配，指定钱或人如何使用 14.almost=nearly=virtually 几乎（程度之深） 15.aloft=overhead=above (在…上面) 16.alter=change=transform=fluctuate= be unstable 变化，不稳定（convert 使转变） be stable=do not change 17.anticipate= expect 期望，预料 18.antiseptic= sterilized=clean 无菌的，干净的 19.antithesis=oppose=disagree with= disapprove of 反对，不同意 20.apparent=obvious=evident明显A is made evident by B= B show A (in evidence=evident: It was early, and few pedestrians were in evidence on the city streets) 21.appreciable= noticeable=striking =conspicuous 显而易见的 22.approach= come closer to 靠近 23.approach= means= method=manner=avenue 方法, 方式 24.article=item=object 物品 25.assertion=strong statement 断言 26.as a rule=usually=generally 通常，一般来说 27.assorted=various 各种各样的 28.assist=benefit=help= aid=favor 对什么有好处或帮助( benefit 有时 =boon=favor, boon=something useful that brings great benefits and make your life easier) 29.attribute=characteristic=feature=trait=property=hallmark 特点，特征( 请注意： character表个性，人物；be c haracterized by…具有…的特点) 30.attribute to= ascribe to =accredit to=due to= owe to 归因于… －－－－--------------------------－－－－－－
TOEFL词汇题精选440题 001. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for The word "representative" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) typical (B) satisfied (C) supportive (D) distinctive 002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety today. The word "prized" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) valued (B) universal (C) uncommon (D) preserved 003. The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920's. It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century. The word "overtaken" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) surpassed (B) inclined (C) expressed (D) applied 004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The word "intervals" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) records (B) speeds (C) distances (D) periods 005. The increasing water pressure under the glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. The word "freeing" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) pushing (B) releasing (C) strengthening (D) draining 006. A flood of ice would then surge into the turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle. The word "plunge" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) drop (B) extend (C) melt (D) drift 007. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done." Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group's members. The word "collective" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) necessary (B) typical (C) group (D) particular 008. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious
考研必会熟词僻义 1 allow allow 承认admit We must allow that he is right on this matter 2 address address vt 处理 To deal with: addressed the issue of absenteeism. 处理旷工事宜 3 advantage take advantage of 欺骗(deceive) 对……加以利用 took advantage of the customer. 欺骗消费者 4 appreciate appreciate v.意识到 (realize) 抬高…价格、涨价 I appreciate that I maybe worng. This land has appreciated in value. 这块土地增值了。 5 apprehension apprehension 忧虑、担心；逮捕、理解 The student looked around the examination room with apprehension. 那名学生恐惧地观看检查室的四周。 6 apprehensive apprehensive 理解的不安的,忧虑的 (意思和用法等同于afraid) apprehensive for sb.'s safety 担心某人的安全 7 approach approach 着手 To begin to deal with or work on: approached the task with dread. 惶恐地开始着手这项任务 8 arch arch adj 调皮的，顽皮的 n.弓形 an arch smile 调皮的微笑 He tapped the side of his nose in an uncharacteristically arch gesture. 9 argument argument 论点，论据 10 as
同义词替换词 国内考生常用的表达更得分的表达方式 名词 1things that one tries hard to do one's undertakings/ one's commitments 2The fact is that?The reality is that? 3joy happiness/delight/ enjoyment 4sadness sorrow/ grief 5danger hazard/ peril ( 后面这个词语气很强，危险程度 非同一般 ) [派生 ] dangerous； hazardous ≈schooling （指学校教育，家庭教育则用 6education upbringing/ parenting）[ 区分 ]家庭教育的两个词 upbringing 是从孩子的角度说的，比如children's upbringing；而 parenting 是从家长的角度来说，比如 sensible parenting. 如果你写过关于广告的题目，就一定体会过 不停轮换使用 advertisement/ advertising有多郁闷。其实主体段论证中完全可以把广告类 7advertisement/ advertising 细化，比如 commercials（电视或者互联网上的广告）， flyers（传单广告，北京最常见的形式就是“ 135****，办证”）， billboards （大幅的广告牌）或者 non-profit advertisements=public-interest advertisements （公益广告） 8car Automobile 9economic crisis economic meltdown（很接近） /recession（这个一般仅仅还是衰退） /the Great Depression （这个则是特指 1929 年开始的那次了） 10famous people celebrities （单数为 celebrity） 11human beings（备考生使humanity（注意这个词的单数指人类，复数用过多）指人文学科） /the human race 12wealth fortune(s)（ fortune 作财富的意思时可以加复数） 13[ 相关 ] rich wealthy/ affluent (adj.) 14skill≈注意这个词的正确解释是技能 technique( 或者方法，而不是 technology 科技 ) 15[ 派生 ] skilled adept/ adroit (adj.)
托福口语喜好类话题必备词汇及常见题目 在托福考试中，有这样一类很口语话题会经常出现。而且，在日常的聊天中也会经常用到。它们就是——喜好类话题 ! Which of the following types of book you do not enjoy, science fiction, biography, or romantic book? Explain why you do not enjoy it. 话题简介： 小伙伴们开心地在家度过了寒假，也和家人一起过了春节和元宵节。那么，接下来，等待我的便是学校了。有些童鞋想快点儿回到学校和自己的小伙伴们玩耍，聊天。 有些童鞋觉得假期还没有享受够，还想和家人在一起，不想回学校。但是，有些事是我们不想做又必须做的。所以，我们还是应该积极面对这些事情。那么，开学在即，你准备好了吗 ? 必备词汇： register登记、报到 compulsory course 必修课 optional course 选修课 credit 学分 scholarship奖学金 school uniform校服 military training 军训 curriculum schedule 课程表 department 系
major 专业 be interested in对有兴趣 be keen on热衷于 take a pleasure in 以... 乐; 喜爱 have a fancy for 看上，入迷 take enjoyment in喜爱，享受;从获得乐趣 have a mark on喜爱，爱好 repugnant讨厌的 disagreeable 不愉快的 ; 厌恶的 disgusting令人厌恶的 detest 厌恶; 憎恨 Want/ Enjoy/ Like/ Dislike 1.Describe time when you are asked to do something you do not want to do, and what happened as a result. 2.Talk about a thing you always wanted to do but didn ’t have time to yet. Explain why you want to do it, give examples and details in your explanation. 3.Describe a job you have done in the past or a job pecific you’d like to do in the future. Please include s details in your answer. 4.If you could study a subject that you have never had the opportunity to study what would youchoose? Explain your choice using specific reasons and details.
考研词汇熟词生义总结 Part A accommodate v.供应,供给 accompany v.为…伴奏 acute a. (疾病)急性的SARS里的A即为此意 administrate/administer v.实施,执行;给予,投(药) address vt. 解决address this issue admit v.让...进入,接纳【游客等】 air n.神气,架子 anchor vt.把…固定住 annual n.年刊,年鉴 appropriate vt. 1.擅用，挪用，占用，盗用。 artificial a.矫揉造作的 associate a. 【官职】副的 attribute n.属性,品质,特征； audience n.谒见,会见 avenue n.途径,手段 Part B backward a.迟钝的 balance n.差额,结余,余款【比如银行帐户里的结余款项】 bar v.闩上,阻拦,拦住,妨碍 bid v.祝愿;命令,吩咐;报价,投标 board n.伙食; bore v.钻(孔),挖(洞),打眼,钻探 boss v.指挥,支配,发号施令 bound a.准备(或正在)到...去的,开往...的 brand v.使铭记;在…上打火印,打烙印；在…身上刺字 Part C charter v.租船,租车 claim v.索赔n.索赔;权利,要求权,所有权 coach n.(铁路)客车,长途汽车,大客车 combination n.化合(物) combine v.(with) (使)化合 commission n.佣金,手续费 commit v.把...交托给,提交 communications n. 通讯系统;交通(工具) compass n. [pl.]圆规 complement n.余数;补语 complex n.联合体【an iron and steel complex钢铁联合企业】；情结【inferiority complex自卑情结】complication n.复杂,纠纷;并发症 condemn v.判刑,宣告有罪 conduct v.传导,传(热,电等) conductivity n.传导性,传导率 confirm vt.批准 Part D
应以常见单词熟词僻义 1）allow allow）承认admit We must allow that he is right on this matter 2）address address）vt 处理To deal with: addressed the issue of absenteeism. 处理旷工事宜 3）advantage take advantage of 欺骗(deceive)）对……加以利用 took advantage of the customer.）欺骗消费者 4）appreciate appreciate）v.意识到(realize) 抬高…价格、涨价 I appreciate that I may be wrong. This land has appreciated in value. 这块土地增值了。 5）apprehension apprehension）忧虑、担心；逮捕、理解 The student looked around the examination room with apprehension. 那名学生恐惧地观看检查室的四周。 6）apprehensive apprehensive）理解的不安的,忧虑的(意思和用法等同于afraid) apprehensive for sb.'s safety 担心某人的安全 7）approach approach）着手To begin to deal with or work on: approached the task with dread. 惶恐地开始着手这项任务 8）arch arch adj 调皮的，顽皮的n.弓形 an arch smile）调皮的微笑 He tapped the side of his nose in an uncharacteristically arch gesture. 9）argument argument 论点，论据 10）as not so much...as"表示"与其说是……倒不如说"。否定前者肯定后者 1. He is not so much a writer as a reporter. 2. Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool.(摘自真题) It's not so much a hobby as a career (= more like a career than a hobby). 11）assume assume 承担，假装，假定，设想， assume）an obligation 承担义务 12）balance balance sheet 资产负债表 13）balance balance 余额
常常有考友询问，为什么托福阅读明明有42个题，总分却只有30分，分数如何计算的呢？其实，每每看到这种问题，小编的内心是疼痛的。 大家准备一个考试，却不看考试指导手册，考得不太理想，简直太正常了。就算天生神勇，也应该有个作战纲领呀！ 打开OG，第一部分就是托福阅读的介绍，编者首先给出了评分标准的表格。 紧接着给出了各类题型的题型解析，这些就是托福阅读的考察内容，众位考友一定要反复研究，在准备考试时，下意识的按照出题者的思路去解题。 那么托福阅读有些什么考察类型？应该怎么解题？
在iBT阅读中，甚至可以扩展到ETS所有考试的阅读题目中，无论是题干还是正确选项，大都能在原文中找出一句话来与之相对应。即题目是原文的意译。这种意译是通过同义词来完成的。即题干中多用近义词来对原文中的句子进行替换，来达到提出问题或者提出正确答案的意思。准确把握意译，是多数题目中准确在原文中定位信息、或者在迷惑选项中选出正确的那个，都有着重要的作用。 1、词汇题 解题方法：若认识，直接解题，没得说；若不认识，就只能推断了。 但是备考阶段最重要的一点。背单词！首先，考托福没有一定的词汇量等于直接酱油了，所以词汇量是一切的基础。 2、指代题 考点：句子直接词之间的关系 解题方法： （1）代词 a. 从句的主语指代主句的主宾语(使用属性判断,不用含义) b. 关系代词指代先行词(插入结构不影响指代关系) c. 重复概念指代: Tom and his cat(就近原则) d. some 和 others （2）名词 a. 优先选择题干的上下意词 m is a kind of M, M是m的上意词 b. 若上下意词不唯一则当作代词指代处理 注意: a.被指代对象往往在代词之前出现 b. 从句开头往后找答案 c. 代词和被指代对象的数性和性质必须一致 d. 指代的传递现象 3、句子简化题 解题方法： （1）确定题干句子中的逻辑成分 逻辑成分主要包括：关联词，动词，状语 而托福最爱考的逻辑主要是：因果，比较、最高级，否定 （2）确定与逻辑相关的语义 要依据最简化原则，抓句子中的逻辑要素。 因果的逻辑要素是：原因结果 比较的逻辑要素是：比较三要素 最高级 否定的逻辑要素是：作用对象 （3）选择与题干逻辑语义一致的选项 先主后次，从逻辑到语义（千万要保证逻辑正确）
托福词汇的必备分类汇总 好奇类词汇： 好奇 curious curiosity inquisitive 法律类词汇： penal illicit unruly illegitimate default violate violation infringe bound pulsory oblige obligatory responsible domineering
mandatory licensed heirship jurisdiction arbitration fine confiscate convict verdict judgment indemnity imprisonment invalidate imprisonment captivity trial detain e_tenuate saddle court bar authorize
plea oath pledge plaintiff plead flee defend proscribe forbid abstinence abstain ban veto revise verify deserve stipulate testify testimony justify substantiate
affirm assure evidence follow observe observance abide accuse accusation plaint impeach indictment incriminate prosecute denounce lawsuit query interrogate impunity e_empt condone
英语常见熟词僻意列表（超级实用） Address v.应付，处理（问题等） Appropriate v.擅用，挪用，占用，盗用 Article n.物品；制品，商品 Arrested adj.不良的，滞留的：arrested development 发育不良 Articulate adj.有关节的，有节的：articulate structure；n.节体动物 Assume v.承担，担任；假装，装作…的样子，采取（…态度） Bark n.树皮；三桅帆船 Bill n.账单；清单；议案，法案；（水禽等细长而扁平的）嘴[猛禽的钩状嘴通常叫beak] Book vt.预定，定（戏位、车位等）；托运（行李等） Build n.骨骼，体格，成形 Can n.&v.（制）罐头 Catch n.陷阱，全套，诡计；料不到的困难 Champion vt.维护，主张，拥护；为…而奋斗； Chest n.1.箱，函，柜，匣；2.银箱；金库，公款，资金 Close adj.闷气的,闷热的 Complex n.络合物，复合物，综合体 Concern n.商行，公司，财团；康采恩；事业，业务 Blue adj.沮丧的，阴郁的 Condition n.健康状态；【口】疼痛 Consume vi.枯萎；憔悴 Count n.起诉理由，罪状 Critical
adj.危急的；决定性的，重大的 Coat v.涂上一层（例如油漆） Cure v.（鱼等用腌、熏、晒、烤等的）加工保藏法 Cut v.生，长，出（牙齿） Date n.海枣 Deal n.（松等的）木板；木材，木料；adj.松木的 Dear adj.昂贵的，高价的 Default n.&v.不履行；违约；拖欠 Dock n.草本植物vt.剥夺，扣去…的应得工资 Down n.【美国】沙丘；（蒲公英等的）冠毛；鸭绒，绒毛；（鸟的）绒羽；柔毛；汗毛，软毛，毫毛 Draw vt.提取（钱款）；使打成平局 Drill vt.（用钢钻）钻（孔）；在…上钻孔 Drive n.冲力，动力；干劲；努力；魄力；精力 Eat vt.蛀；腐蚀；消磨 Exploit n.功绩、功劳、勋绩 Exponent n.典型，样品 Factor n.因子，因数；倍；乘数；商 Fair n.【英国】定期集市，庙会。商品展览会，展销会，商品交易会 Fashion vt.形成，铸成，造，作（into/to） Felt n.毛毡；毛布；毡制品；油毛毡 Figure n.1.（著名）人物；2.雕像；画像 Fine adj.细小的
【托福阅读：增强“同义转换”的练习量】重视托福阅读中“同义转换”的练习量：我们的托福考试中，阅读部分句子和段落结构的要求是非常重要的，但是对于很多不涉及段落和复杂句子结构的题目来说，同学们容易错在与同义转换有关的表达上。 毋庸置疑，我们的托福考试中，阅读部分句子和段落结构的要求是非常重要的，但是对于很多不涉及段落和复杂句子结构的题目来说，同学们容易错在与同义转换有关的表达上。这些在题目定位和答案上出现的同义转换占据同学们错题很大的比例，包括细节题，排除题，句子简化题，修辞目的题等众多题型。这一次主要来谈谈前两个方面同义改写，希望在练习的思路上能帮助大家。 (1) 同义转换在细节题定位时 细节题的思路我们已经清楚，我们都把问题分成两部分：找的部分和答案的部分。比如在生态系统的一篇文章中有个题目which of the following principles of ecosystems can be learned by studying a pond?题目的部分是which of the following principles can be learned，定位的部分by studying a pond。再根据关键点去定位，关键词定位或者关键主干定位。定位的时候我们根据关键词，问什么找什么，但很多同学有个习惯，根据题目中出现的词的“频率”去找原文句子，这是第一步错误原因，因为定位不准确(我们需要根据问的事情去定位，很多同学阅读题目的时候没看清楚问的是什么事情的什么问题，有目标的找答案);第二步进一步错误再根据“可能的相关答案”中和原文句子里面词汇“有重复的词”去找“貌似答案”…这样就容易出现问题，因为错误在于定位的时候不是根据问的问题来定的位。简单的题目比如 例一：难度*
paragraph ['p?r?ɡrɑ:f] n.段落vt.将…分段 follow ['f?l?u] v.跟随,接着,沿着,遵循 increase [in'kri:s] n./v.增加,增长,提高 begin [b?'ɡ?n] v.开始,着手 period ['pi?ri?d] n.一段时间,时期,周期 human ['hju:m?n] n.人,人类 species ['spi:?i:z] n.种类,物种 information [?inf?'mei∫?n] n.信息,消息,通知 small [sm?:l] a.小的,少的 different ['dif?r?nt] a.不同的,个别的 during ['dju?ri?] prep.在...的期间, 在…的时候 refer [ri'f?:] v.提及,把…归因于,求助于,查阅 answer ['ɑ:ns?] n.答案.v.回答,响应 surface ['s?:fis] n.表面.v.浮现,对...进行表面处理adj. 肤浅的live [liv] /[laiv] v.活着,居住.a.活的,直播的[laiv] idea [ai'di?] n.想法,思想,概念 part [pɑ:t] n.部分,角色,零件.v.分开,分离 land [l?nd] n.陆地,国土.v.靠岸,着陆 development [di'vel?pm?nt] n.发展,研制,新社区,开发 up [?p] ad./a.向上(的).prep.沿…往上n.上升,繁荣grow [ɡr?u] v.生长,成长,种植,发展 support [s?'p?:t] vt./n.支持,支撑,供养 take [teik] v.拿,取,带,接受,吃 number ['n?mb?] n.数(字).v.遍号码,计算 material [m?'t??r??l] n.材料,原料.a.物质的,重要的 product ['pr?d?kt] n.产品,产物.n.乘积 her [h?:;?:?h?,?] pron.她(的) often ['?(:)fn,'?:ft?n] ad.常常,经常 through [θru:] prep.穿过,凭借.ad./a.自始至终 place [pleis] n.地方.vt.放置,任命.n.名次 develop [di'vel?p] v.发展,制订,开发 sea [si:] n.海,海域 body ['b?di] n.身体,主体 child [t∫aild] n.孩子,产物 world [w?:ld] n.世界,界,领域 show [∫?u] v.证明,显现,说明.n.表演 1
阅读熟词僻义词汇表 appropriate v. 擅用，挪用，占用，盗用 article n. 物品；制品，商品 arrested adj. 引人注目的 assume v. 承担，担任。假装，装作…的样子，采取(…态度) bark n. 树皮; 三桅帆船 bill n. 账单；清; 议案，法案; .(水禽等细长而扁平的)嘴〔猛禽的钩状嘴通常叫beak 〕book vt. 预定，定(戏位、车位等)；托运(行李等) build n. 骨格，体格，成形 catch n. 陷阱，圈套，诡计；料不到的困难 champion vt. 维护，拥护，主张；为…而奋斗。champion a cause 维护一项事业。 chest n. 1) 箱，函，柜，匣2) 银箱；金库，公款，资金 close adj. 闷气的，闷热的 complex n. 络合物，复合物，综合体 concern n. 商行，公司；财团；康采恩；事业，业务 consume vi. 枯萎；憔悴The flowers consumed away. 花枯萎了。be consumed [away] with (envy, fever, ambition, grief) count n. 起诉理由，罪状。 critical adj. 危急的;决定性的，重大的 coat v. 涂上一层(例如油漆) cure v. (鱼等用腌、熏、晒、烤等的)加工保藏(法)。 cut vt. 生，长，出(牙齿) date n. 海枣 deal n. (松等的)木板；木材，木料; adj. 松木的 dear adj. 昂贵的，高价的 default n.&v. 不履行；违约；拖欠 defer v. 1) 拖延，迁延，展缓；扣存; 2) 服从，听从，遵从(to) dock n. 草本植物vt. 剥夺，扣去…的应得工资 down n. 〔美国〕沙丘; (蒲公英等的)冠毛; 鸭绒，绒毛；(鸟的)绒羽；柔毛。汗毛，软毛，毳毛 draw vt. 提取(钱款); 使打成平局 drill vt. (用钢钻)钻(孔)；在…上(用钢钻)钻孔 drive n. 冲力，动力；干劲；努力；魄力；精力 eat vt. 蛀；腐蚀；消磨 exploit n. 功绩，功劳，勋绩 factor n. 因子，因数; 倍；乘数；商 fair n. 〔英国〕定期集市，庙会。商品展览会，展销会，商品交易会 fashion vt. 形成，铸成，造，作(into; to) felt n. 毛毡；毛布；毡制品；油毛毡。 figure n. 人影，人形；人物 fine fly functional adj. 从使用的观点设计[构成]的
托福阅读中的同义替换 在托福考试中阅读的词汇量要求最大，这给很多学生都增加了负担，其实在提到一些难词、术语时一般都会进行paraphrase，即以更常见、更简单的词来解释说明这些词，通俗的说就是将这些不太好理解的单词进行同义替换。 一般说来，我们可以从如下几个方面来进行paraphrase转述表达： 1. 同义词、反义词的替换 A The elephant is another animal that lives in groups. An elephant herd usually has from twenty to forty members. The elephants in theherd depend on one another for help in time of trouble. 解析：此处groups/ herd是同义词; B Dinosaurs were ancient species of reptiles. They lived on Earth for 160 million years. Some dinosaurs were as small as rabbits; others were enormous. Some ate meat, and others ate plants. They disappeared about 65 million years ago. Scientists believe that they starved to death. They think the climate changed quickly and caused many plants to die. 解析：此处lived/ disappeared;small/enormous; meat /plants均为反义词词组; 2. 词义词性的替换 C Recently, more airport officers have been shocked by the growth of animal smuggling. Sometimes, they find live turtles, lizards, frogs, and snakes in passengers' carry-on bags. Smugglers use several tricks to bring animals through airports. They put live snakes into film boxes and birds into tennis ball cans. Police even found an iguana taped to a man's chest. Not all animals are smuggled alive, however. Many die on the way. Animal body parts are also found. These include antlers, skins, dried organs, hooves, or feet.