Unit 1
Excuse Notes
Word Bank
anthology: n. a collection of artistic works which have a similar form or subject, often those considered to be the best 诗选/文选
attest :v. to show sth. or to say or prove that sth. is true 证明
choke: v. to stop breathing 窒息，哽住
devilment : n. behavior that causes trouble but is usually intended to be playful or amusing 恶作剧
distribute: v. to give sth. out to several people, or to spread or supply sth. 分发，发送
epiphany: n. understanding 理解
forge: v. to make an illegal copy of sth. in order to deceive 伪造，铸造
gem: n. sb. or sth. that is very good, pleasing or useful 精品，非常有用的人
genuine: adj. sth. genuine is what it seems to be; real 真的
lucid: adj.clearly expressed and easy to understand or (of a person) thinking or speaking clearly 易懂的，明白的，清醒的
omit: v. to fail to include or do sth. 省略，疏忽
plight: n. an unpleasant condition, especially a serious, sad or difficult one 处境，状态
seduction: n. the attractive quality of sth. 诱惑
superintendent: n. people who is in charge of work done in a particular department, office, etc. 主管，负责人
treason: n. lack of loyalty to one’s country, especially by helping its enemies or attempting to defeat its government 通敌，叛国罪
vulgar: adj. rude and likely to upset or anger people 无理的，粗俗的
Phrases and Expressions
be evicted from: to be forced to leave somewhere 驱逐，赶走
be worth of: deserving respect, admiration or support 值得的
glance at: to give a quick short look 一瞥
turn into: to change into 进入，（使）变成
Reading Comprehension
Choose the best for each of the following.
1. According to the passage, the teacher ____D____.
A. is angry with his students.
B. does not like his students forging excuse notes.
C. blames the parents.
D. teaches a successful writing class.
2. Mikey missed school ____D____.
A. because his grandmother fell down from the stairs
B. because he did not like his teacher
C. because his parents wanted him to be home
D. because he did not want to go to school
3. When the students forged the excuse notes, they were ____A____.
A. very smart and imaginative
B. bored
C. indifferent
D. excited
4. The principal of the school ____B____.
A. blamed the teacher for what he had done in class.
B. praised the teacher for what he had done in class.
C. was disappointed with the teacher.
D. fired the teacher.
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ( D )
A. The students enjoyed the teacher’s writing class very much.
B. The students were very creative in forging excuse notes.
C. The teacher enjoyed teaching writing.
D. The students did not enjoy the teacher’s writing class.
II. Complete the following summary (summarize) of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you.
His methods anything but conventional, Mr. McCourt created a lasting impact on his students through imaginative assignments in his (1)creative writing. He found that some of his students (2) forged excuse notes in the name of their parents. He does not angry with what the students had done; instead, he divided those notes into two (3)piles, one for the (4)genuine ones written by parents, the other for forgeries. The students were so smart that they could create a variety of (5)excuses. So the teacher decided to dig up their (6)talent in writing by asking them to write excuse notes. The students were so (7)absorbed in the writing that they almost forgot to have (8)lunch.
At last the principal (9)praised the teacher for this successful teaching method. Both the teache and the students were happy about the writing class. And the teacher realized everyone (10)needed an excuse. Understanding is essential to the teacher and the students.
Vocabulary
I. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.
1. A number of __D___ works of art have been sold as genuine.
A. false
B. beautiful
C. famous
D. forged
2. To ___B__ one’s power is to commit a crime and eventually end up in jail.
A. accuse
B. abuse
C. deduce
D. excuse
3. Seeing the speeding car, the policeman __B__ the driver to pull up at the curb.
A. reckoned
B. beckoned
C. softened
D. stiffened
4. Unfortunately, he hit a traffic jam and missed the train __B___ a few minutes.
A. with
B. by
C. before
D. for
5. She gave a clear and __A___ account of her plans for the company's future.
A. lucid
B. dull
C. unclear
D. ambiguous
6. Isn't it rather __C___ to talk about how much money you earn?
A. polite
B. boring
C. vulgar
D. pleasant
7. The books will be __D___ free to local schools.
A. contributed
B. tribute
C. attributed
D. distributed
8. The editor required him to __A___ some details of the article.
A. omit
B. permit
C. summit
D. illuminate
9. Few of us can be unmoved by the __C___ of the Romanian orphans.
A. light
B. might
C. plight
D. moonlight
10. I have to __B___ my reputation.
A. detect
B. protect
C. intact
D. prevent
II. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary. superintendent choke attest forge gem
genuine lucid omit turn into excuse
glance at evicted disguise worthy imagination
1. In the US. a school is superintendent in charge of the schools in a particular area.
2. Thousands of people came out onto the streets to attest their support for the democratic opposition party.
3. The expensive purse is made of genuine leather.
4. Can you turn this article into English?
5. She took a glance at her watch.
6. I know why this happened. You don't have to find any excuse.
7. He was evicted from the pub for drunken and violent behavior.
8. This emperor is said to have paid many personal visits to various counties disguise as an ordinary citizen.
9. Every year she makes a large donation to a worthy cause.
10. Children often have very vivid imagination.
Translation
Put the following paragraphs into Chinese.
1. Most parental-excuse notes I received back in those days were penned by my students. They'd been forging excuse notes since they learned to write, and if I were to confront each forger I'd be busy 24 hours a day.
2. My heart sank as the principal entered, along with the superintendent of schools. Neither acknowledged me. They walked up and down, peering at papers. The superintendent picked one up, showed it to the principal.
3. Sooner or later, I figured, everyone needed an excuse. Also, if we sang today we could sing tomorrow, and why not? You don’t need an excuse for singing.
参考译文：1.我每天收到以父母名义写的请假条，很多是学生自己写的。自从他们学会写作之日起，就开始编假请假条。如果我要是一一追究，那好，简直一天24小时都闲不下来。
2.当校长和学监走进来时，我的心直往下沉。他们都没和我打招呼，径直走到学生面前，盯着看学生的作文。学监拿了一份给校长看。
3.我悟出，总有一天，人人需要借口。如果我们今天唱歌，明天照样可以唱，为什么不呢？
高兴的时候哼哼小调需要借口吗？
Exercise
Put the verbs in brackets into appropriate verb forms.
1. If winter comes(come), can spring be far behind?
2. Scientists proved that the earth is(be) 49 times the size of the moon.
3. Some young expats fear that they will fall(fall) back into an old rut if they go home.
4. The leader recently declared that the mandate would allow(allow) more pupils to jump
ship in the next few days.
5. The telephone is ringing(ring), would you answer it please?
6. Human resources will achieve maximum productivity only when they have(have)access to appropriate types of physical resources.
7. Please don't come at four o'clock this afternoon, I will be having(have) a meeting then.
8. While the children were playing in the shade, their parents were working(work) in the scorching sun.
9. Wherever he travelled in those years, he wrote(write)down what he saw and heard.
10. Look at those black clouds. it is going to rain(rain).
Exercise
Turn the following sentences into Chinese.
1. There is absolutely no such thing as love or hatred without any reason or cause.
2. Actions speak louder than words.
3. Beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder
4. Admission by valid tickets only!
5. It is but a step from the sublime to the ridiculous.
参考译文：
1.世上没有无缘无故的爱，也没有无缘无故的恨。
2.事实胜于雄辩。
3.情人眼里出西施。
4.凭票入内！
5.从崇高到荒谬只有一步之遥。
Bonus
Below are some expressions about fine arts.
backward inference 逆向推理
biological rhythm 生物节律
classical conditioning 经典条件反射
introspection 反省
associative memory 联想记忆
attribution process 归因历程
depth perception 深度知觉
hierarchy of needs 人类需求层构
mental defense mechanism 心理防卫机制
placebo effect 安慰剂效应
学士学位英语单词 abandon v.放弃，抛弃 aboard ad.在船（飞机、车）上prep.在（船、飞机、车）上上（船、飞机、车） about to do 即将… bring sth. about 使发生 about face 向后转；（态度，意见等）大转变 How about…? 表示访问，…怎么样？What about…? 表示询问，…怎么样？…好吗？…好吗？ Above prep.在…上面，超过a.上面的，上述的ad.在上面 above oneself 过于自信，兴高采烈abroad ad.国外,海外 at home and abroad/国内外 absence/n.缺席，不在场；+ absent/a.缺席，不在场，缺乏的；漫不经心的 absent-mined 心不在焉的，出神的absolute/a.绝对的，完全的；（语法）独立的 absorb v.吸收（水、热、光等）吸取，接受（知识、意见等） be absorbed in 专心于 abundant 丰富的，充分的academic 学院的，学术的accent n.腔调，口音n.重音，重音符号 accept v.接受，认可 access n.接近，进入，通路have an access to 进入 There is an access to…有一条通向…的通道 accident n.事故n.意外的事，偶然的事by accident 偶然、无意中 road 交通事故 accompany v.陪伴，伴随，伴奏 accomplish v.完成（任务等） according (只用于下列两个习语中) according to 按照，根据 according as+从句根据…而… 按 照…而… accordingly ad.因此，从而，相应地； 照着（办、做等） account n.账，账目，账户v.说 明，解释（for） on account of=because of 因为，由于 take(no)account of (不)考虑，（不）重 视 on one’s own account为自己的利益，独 立地，自行担负责任 accuracy n.准确，精密（性） accurate a.准确的，精确的 accuse v.谴责v.指控，告发 accuse sb.of sth. 指责、控告某人，某事。 *accustomed a.惯常的，习惯的 be accustomed to 习惯于 ache n.疼痛，酸痛 be aching to do 渴望… have an ache in …疼 achievement n.完成，达到 n.成就，成绩 *acid n.酸 acquire v.取得，获得 across ad,/prep.横越，横过 prep.在…那边 act n.行为，动作；（一）幕；法令，条 例 v..行动，举动；起作用；表演 act as 担任，充当 act for 代理 act on/upon （药等）起作用 action n.行动，动作 n.作用 go into action 投入战斗，行动起来 out of action 失去作用，失去战斗力 active a.活动的，活跃的， 活泼的 a.敏捷的，积极的， 主动的 be active in 积极/主动作 activity n.活动 actor n.男演员，演员 actress n.女演员 actual a.实际的，现实的 ad(Am.E) n.=advertisement.广告 *adapt v.（to）使适应，使适合 v.改编，改写 add v.加，加上 v.增加，增进 add…to… add up to 合计为…，部共 把…加到…上 addition n.加法，增加 in addition to 除…之外，加之，并且 additional a.附加的，另外的 address n.地址，通讯处 n./v.致词 v.致函，写地址 address oneself to… 从事/致力，忙于…，与…谈话 /通信 *adequate a.足够的，恰当的 adjective n./a.足够的，恰当的 adjust v.调节，调整 *administration n.管理n.行政部门 admire v.羡慕，赞赏，饮佩 admit v.允许进入，接纳v.承认 adopt v.收养v.采用，采纳，通过 adult n.成人 advance v.推进，促进 v./n.前进，进展 in advance 提前，预先 advanced n.优点，有利条件 n.利益，好处 gain/have advantage over 胜于，优于 take advantage of 乘…之机，利用 to one’s advantage 对…有利 adventure n.冒险，惊险活动 adverb n.副词 advertise v.为…做广告 advertise for 招聘；做广告；征求 advertisement n.广告 advice n.忠告，意见 advise v.忠告，劝告 v.通知 aeroplane n.飞机 affair n.事，事情，事件 affect v.影响 afford v.担负得起，买得起，花 得起（时间等） v.供给，给予 afraid a.怕的，害怕的 a.惟恐的，担心的 be afraid of… 怕… be afraid to do… 怕…，不敢…
学位英语考试最常用的600个高频词汇 2007-11-02 11:09 1. abide by（=be faithful to ； obey）忠于；遵守。 2. be absent from…。缺席，不在 3. absence or mind（=being absent-minded）心不在焉 4. absorb（=take up the attention of）吸引…的注意力（被动语态）be absorbed i n 全神贯注于…近be engrossed in ； be lost in ； be rapt in ；be concentrated on ； be focused on ； be centered on 5. （be） abundant in（be rich in； be well supplied with）富于，富有 6. access（to）（不可数名词）能接近，进入，了解 7. by accident（=by chance， accidentally）偶然地，意外。 Without accident（=safely）安全地， 8. of one's own accord（=without being asked； willingly； freely）自愿地，主动地 9. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one's accord with 同…。不一致 10. with one accord （=with everybody agreeing）一致地 11. in accordance with （=in agreement with）依照，根据 12. on one's own account 1）为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益 2）（=at one's own risk）自行负责 3）（=by oneself）依靠自己 on account 赊账； on account of 因为； on no account不论什么原因也不；of …account 有………重要性。 13. take…into account（=consider）把……考虑进去 14. give sb. an account of 说明，解释（理由） 15. account for （=give an explanation or reason for）解释，说明。 16. on account of （=because of）由于，因为。 17. on no account（=in no case， for no reason）绝不要，无论如何不要（放句首时句子要倒装） 18. accuse…of…（=charge…with； blame sb. for sth. ； blame sth. on sb. ； complain about）指控，控告
《英语词汇学教程》参考答案 Chapter 1 1. The three definitions agree that lexicology studies words. Yet, they have different focuses. Definition 1 focuses on the meaning and uses of words, while definition 2 on the overall structure and history. Definition 3 regards lexicology as a branch of linguistics and focuses on the semantic structure of the lexicon. It is interesting to note that the three definitions use different names for the object of study. For Definition 1, it is words, for Definition 2 the vocabulary of a language, and for Definition 3 the lexicon. 2. (1) They can go into the room, and if they like, shut the door. (2) You boys are required to give in your homework before 10 o’clock. (3) I watch the football match happily and find it very interesting. 3. (1) W hen it follows ‘-t’ and ‘-d’, it is pronounced as [id]; (2) When it follows voiceless consonants, it is pronounced as [t]; (3) When it follows voiced consonants and vowels, it is pronounced as [d]. 4. (1) They are words that can be included in a semantic field of “tree”. (2) They represent the forms of the verb “fly” and have a common meaning. (3) They belong to a lexical field of “telephone communication”. (4) They are synonyms, related to human visual perception. Specifically, they denote various kinds of “looking”. 5. (a) 'blackboard: a board with a dark smooth surface, used in schools for writing with chalk (the primary stress in on black); 'blackbird: a particular kind of bird, which may not necessarily be black in color (the primary stress in on black); 'greyhound: a slender, swift dog with keen sight (the primary stress in on black); 'White House: the residence of the US President in Washington (the primary stress in on black). (b) 'black 'board: any board which is black in color (both words receive primary stress); 'black 'bird: any bird which is black in color (both words receive primary stress); 'grey 'hound: any hound that is grey in color (both words receive primary stress); 'white 'house: any house that is painted white (both words receive primary stress). 6. There are 44 orthographic words, i.e. sequences of letters bounded by space. There are 24 open class words and 20 closed class words. 7. (a) The ‘bull’ is literal, referring to a male bovine animal. (b) ‘Take the bull by the horn’is an idiom, meaning (having the courage to) deal with someone or something directly. (c) ‘Like a bull in a china shop’is an idiom, meaning doing something with too much enthusiasm or too quickly or carelessly in a way that may damage things or upset someone.
《英语词汇学教程》（2004 年版）练习答案 Chapter 1 7. Choose the standard meaning from the list on the right to match each of the slang words on the left. a. tart: loose woman b. bloke: fellow c. gat: pistol d. swell: great e. chicken: coward f. blue: fight g. smoky: police h. full: drunk i. dame: woman j. beaver: girl 8. Give the modern equivalents for the following archaic words. haply = perhaps albeit = although methinks = it seems to me eke = also sooth = truth morn = morning troth = pledge ere = before quoth = said hallowed = holy billow = wave / the sea bade = bid 12. Categorize the following borrowed words into denizens, aliens, translation loans, and semantic loans. Denizens: kettle, die, wall, skirt, husband Aliens: confrere, pro patria, Wunderkind, mikado, parvenu Translation loans: chopstick, typhoon, black humour, long time no see Semantic loans: dream Chapter 2 1. Why should students of English lexicology study the Indo-European Language Family? The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. Knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately. 2. Make a tree diagram to show the family relations of the modern languages given below.
《成人英语三级必备手册》电子版独家发布(A) A a clearance sale 清仓大贱卖ziyequma a few 一些，少数几个 a little 少许，一点点 a great/good deal of 许多，大量 a good many 很多，相当多的 a great many 许多 a lot 许多，大量 a lot of 许多，大量 a matter of course 理所当然的事 a number of 许多，若干 a series of 一系列的 a case in point 例证，有关的例子 a great deal 许多 a great /good many 很多的 a pair of 一副，一双，一条，一把 a set of 一套，一组
a wealth of 大量的 according to 根据，按照；符合above all 首先最重要的是 above board 在桌面上，公开的，诚实的absent from 缺席 above sb’s head 超出某人的理解above one’s breath 高声地 abandon oneself to 沉溺于 according to 根据，按照；据…所说accuse sb of 指责某人干某事acquire a habit 养成一种习惯 across the country 遍布全国 act on 奉行，作用于，影响account for 解释，说明（原因）accuse sb of sth 指控某人做某事 a couple of 两个，几个 act as 充当 a day off 不工作的一天
1. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守。 2. be absent from…。缺席，不在 3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态)be absorbed i n 全神贯注于…近be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on 5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于，富有 6. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近，进入，了解 7. by accident(=by chance， accidentally)偶然地，意外。 Without accident(=safely) 安全地， 8. of one's own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地，主动地 9. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one's accord with 同…。不一致 10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根据 12. on one's own account 1) 为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at one's own risk) 自行负责3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有………重要性。 13. take…into account(=consider)把……考虑进去 14. give sb. an account of 说明，解释 (理由) 15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释，说明。 16. on account of (=because of) 由于，因为。 17. on no account(=in no case， for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装) 18. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控，控告 19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of， be used to)习惯于。 20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially ) 熟悉 21. act on 奉行，按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理 22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 23. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编，改写(以适应新的需要) 24. in addition (=besides) 此外，又，加之 25. in addition to(=as well as， besides， other than)除…外 26. adhere to (=abide by， conform to， comply with， cling to， insist on， pe rsist in， observe，opinion， belief ) 粘附; 坚持，遵循 27. adjacent(=next to， close to) 毗邻的，临近的 28. adjust……(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应; 29. admit of (=be capable of，leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地。 30. in advance (before in time) 预告，事先。 31. to advantage 有利的，使优点更加突出地。 32. have an advantage over 胜过。 have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 33. take advantage of (=make the best of， utilize， make use of， profit from， harness)利用。 34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意 35. in agreement (with) 同意，一致 36. ahead of 在…之前，超过…;……………。 ahead of time 提前。 37. in the air 1)不肯定，不具体。 2)在谣传中。 38. above all (=especially， most important of all) 尤其是，最重要的。 39. in all (=counting everyone or everything， altogether) 总共，总计 40. after all 毕竟，到底; (not) at all 一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎。 41. allow for (=take into consideration， take into account) 考虑到，估计到 . 42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计，等于。
学位英语考试大纲词汇depend v.（on, upon）依靠，依赖；信赖，相信；决定于，视…而定 deposit v.存放，储存n.存款 depth n.深度，厚度；（感情的）深厚，深切 deputy n.代理人，代表a.副的；代理的 deputy n.代理人，代表a.副的；代理的 derive v.取得，导出，起源 derive v.取得，导出，起源 descend v.下来，下降 describe v.形容，描写 description n.描述，描绘，形容 desert n.沙漠，不毛之地v.离弃，抛弃；擅离，开小差 desert n.沙漠，不毛之地v.离弃，抛弃；擅离，开小差 deserve v.应受，应得，值得 design v./n.设计 desirable a.称心的，期望得到的 desire v.愿望，渴望；要求n.愿望，欲望 desk n.书桌，办公桌；服务台，询问处 despair v.& n.绝望 desperate a.绝望的；不顾一切的，铤而走险的 despise v.看不起，轻视，鄙视 despite prep.不管，不顾；尽管n.憎恨，轻蔑 dessert n.正餐后的水果或甜食 destination n.目的地，终点 destiny n.命运；天数 destroy v.破坏，摧毁；消灭，扑灭；打破，粉碎 destruction n.破坏，消灭 detach v.分开，拆开，卸下 detail v.详细讲述，详谈n.详细的情况，细节；枝节，琐碎 detain v.耽搁，延误；扣留 detective n.侦探a.侦探的；探测的 determine v.决定；确定；测定 develop v.发展 development n.发展，形成；开发，研制；生长，进化 device n.装置，设备，仪表；方法，设计 devise v.设计，发明；计划
《英语词汇学教程》参考答案 (注：参考答案仅供参考。有些题目的答案并非是唯一的) Chapter 1 1. The three definitions agree that lexicology studies words. Yet, they have different focuses. Definition 1 focuses on the meaning and uses of words, while definition 2 on the overall structure and history. Definition 3 regards lexicology as a branch of linguistics and focuses on the semantic structure of the lexicon. It is interesting to note that the three definitions use different names for the object of study. For Definition 1, it is words, for Definition 2 the vocabulary of a language, and for Definition 3 the lexicon. 2. (1) They can go into the room, and if they like, shut the door. (2) You boys are required to give in your homework before 10 o’clock. (3) I watch the football match happily and find it very interesting. 3. (1) when it follows ‘-t’ and ‘-d’, it is pronounced as [id]; (2) when it follows voiceless consonants, it is pronounced as [t]; (3) when it follows voiced consonants and vowels, it is pronounced as [d]. 4. (1)They are words that can be included in a semantic field of “tree”.
capacity capacity n.能力，才能；性能；容量 [语境]The lift has a capacity of 15 persons. 这部电梯的载容量为15人。 Some people have a greater capacity for happiness than others. 有的人享得起福，有的人享不起福。 [考点]at capacity 以最大的程度 capital capital n.首都；资本；资源；大写字母；adj.极好的；死刑的；资本的；首都的； [语境]The criminal was sentenced to capital punishment. 罪犯被判处死刑。 London is spelt with a capital L. London—词中L是大写的。 [考点]political capital 政治资本 labour and capital 劳资双方 capital outflow 资金外流 make capital out of 利用 car car n.汽车，车辆，车；（火车）车厢 [语境]Car bombs have become essential terrorist weapons. 汽车炸弹已经成为恐怖主要的武器。 care care 小心；关怀，照料 v.（about）关心，介意，计较 [语境]He cares very little for fame and gain 他对名利很淡薄。 [考点]care about 关心，担心 care for 喜欢 care of 照料；关怀；处理 careful careful 小心的，仔细的；细致的，精心的 [巧记]派生词：carefully （adv.小心地，谨慎地）carefiilness （n.仔细，慎重） [语境]Be double carefiil when you cross the street. 你过街时要加倍小心。 careless careless 粗心的，草率的；随便的，不介意；不关心的，冷漠的 [语境]She‘s careless about her clothes. 她对穿着一点儿都不讲究。
核心词汇 1.abandon抛弃a一个band绑带on在..上面bandit绑匪 2.burst.n.爆裂---blast，bomb，blow up explode go off 3.dis pose vi.除掉；解决；处理(of)---post岗位,邮编----position(位置) 4.blast.爆炸；气流vi.炸，炸掉 5.consume.消耗，耗尽con-----共同的，sum---总数 6.split.劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的---separate 7.advantage优势advance进步 8.spill.溢出，溅出，倒出 9.slip.滑动，滑落；忽略lip 10.alter.改变，改动，变更------change(chance机会)all 11.bacteria.细菌back背后的tero恐怖 12.breed.种，品种v.繁殖，产仔produce 13.bud get.预算v.编预算，作安排 14.candidate.候选人candy糖果，甜蜜的date日期 15.camp us.校园camp扎营us我们 16.liber al.慷慨的；丰富的；自由的lib 17.trans form.转变，变革；变换trans从一端到另一端form构成information信息 18.transmit.传播，播送；传递trans mit---meet会见 19.transplant.移植trans plant种植 20.trans port运输，运送n.运输，运输工具trans port码头
21.shift.转移；转动；转变电脑健盘有这个键 22.vary.变化，改变；使多样化very非常variation 23.vanish.消灭，不见die out extinction finish 24.swallow.吞下，咽下n.燕子s allow允许shallow浅的hollow空的 25.suspicion.怀疑，疑心suspect doubt 26.suspicious.怀疑的，可疑的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/7c6598363.html,d.温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的middle 28.tender.温柔的；脆弱的tend to倾向 29.nuisance.损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物）nonsance 30.in significant无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的sign符号signify做标记significant有意义的 31.accelerate.加速，促进accel加速rate比率 32.absolute.绝对的，无条件的；完全的totally，entirely，completely 33.boundary.分界线，边界be bound to一定，开往 34.brake.刹车，制动器v.刹住（车）bra文胸（其作用是制止乳房下垂的） 35.catalog.目录（册）v.编目cata书籍logo标志 36.vague.模糊的，不明确的obscure guess 37.vain.徒劳，白费in vain 38.extinct绝灭的，熄灭的die out,vanish,distinct(different),
成人高等教育学士学位英语 考试复习资料 一、考试题型 本考试包括5个部分：阅读理解、词汇和语法、完形填空、英译汉和写作。客观题目全部按顺序统一编号。考试时间为120分钟。 第一部分阅读理解(ReadingComprehension)，共4篇短文，共20题，占总分的40%。 第二部分词汇和语法(Vocabulary and Structure)，共40题，占总分的20%。 第三部分完形填空(Cloze)，共20题，占总分的10%。 第四部分英译汉(Translation from English into Chinese)，1一2个段落，占总分的15%。 第五部分写作(Writing)，占总分的15%。 阅读理解专项练习 Passage 1 The secret of being born lucky is a summer birthday, with May babies most likely to enjoy a lifetime’s good fortune, according to a study of more than 40,000 people. The time of year at which you are born has an enduring influence on levels of optimism and self-reported luck, according to a research by British and Swedish scientists. May was the luckiest month in which to be born, with 50 percent of those born then considering themselves lucky, while October was the least lucky month, with just 43 percent claiming good fortune. The findings add to growing evidence that the phenomenon of luck is not all down to chance, but is affected by a person’s general disposition. Other researc h has shown that whether people think themselves fortunate depends less on objective success than on having a “glass half-full” or “half-empty” approach to life. “What we are seeing suggests that something is influencing how people perceive their luckiness. My hypothesis is that people create their own luck by traits such as optimism, that luck is a psychological phenomenon rather than a matter of blind chance,” said Professor Richard Wiseman, who led the research. The pattern of the result, with those born in spring and in summer reporting themselves luckier than those born in autumn or winter, could have two potential explanations, Professor Wiseman said. 1.According to the passage, whether people think themselves lucky or not depends on the following factors EXCEPT _______. A. one’s objective success B. one’s general disposition C. one’s attitude to life D. one’s place of birth
(2002.1)16. Terrorist activities, in whatever forms, are to be denounced by peace-loving people worldwide. A. announced B. forgiven C. condemned D. despised 17. Problems with respiration are often associated with smoking and air pollution as has been proved. A. aspiration B. inspiration C. creativity D. breathing 18. The military operations commenced yesterday were targeted at the Taliban's military installations. A. set about B. set out C. set apart D. set aside 19. No merchandise is currently in short supply thanks to the market economy. A. businessman B. commodity C. substance D. talent 20. It is becoming increasingly difficult for an only child to live up to the expectations of their parents. A. encourage B. survive C. arouse D. fulfill 21. This summit talk is thought to be instrumental in bringing about peace in this region. A. helpful B. useless C. harmless D. inappropriate 22. Faced with this grim situation, top executives of this company are trying to find quick solutions. A. Unexpected B. undesirable https://www.doczj.com/doc/7c6598363.html,forting D. grave 23. The bill was passed unanimously as a result of the intensive lobbying of some senators. A. without any objections B. in the end C. in the dark D. against heavy odds 24. Nobel Prize winners have been mostly scientists of international renown in some field. A. institutions B. standard C. prestige D. application 25. These natural resources will be depleted sooner or later if the present rate of exploitation continues. A. exhausted B. evaluated C. deployed D. popularized 26. Harry Potter was originally _____ for children or teenagers, yet many adults have come to be crazy about the book. A. extended B. intended C. inclined D. directed 27. This experienced author was able to _____ the lifetime's work of Jefferson into one volume. A. suppress B. compress C. express D. depress 28. A Frenchman who has an unusually sensitive nose can _____ hundreds of different smells.A. nominate B. dominate C. eliminate D. discriminate 29. The Chinese share the _______ that their life will become better and the country more prosperous.A. conviction B. speculation C. elaboration D. perspiration 30. After weeks of ______, the owners and the union leaders have finally agreed on the question of sick benefits. A. administration B. arbitration C. authorization D. alternation 31. It took this disabled boy a long time to _____ the fact that he was not qualified for admission to college. A. come up with B. come down with C. come up to D. come to terms with 32. The authorities claim that the rate of crime is declining, but statistics show______. A. clockwise B. otherwise C. elsewhere D. likewise 33. Air attacks in Afghanistan are focused on airports and training camps to avoid civilian _____.