Unit 3Under the sea
教材面面观
单词拓展
1.________adj.每年的；按年度计算的n．年刊；年鉴
2．________n．住所；住宿________v t.供应；供给
3．________v i.逃避；逃跑v t.逃离________(过去式、过去分词)
4．________n．深，深度；深处________adj.深的
5．________v t.放弃；遗弃；抛弃________n．放弃；遗弃；抛弃________adj.被抛弃的；被遗弃的
6．________n．关系；血缘关系；交往________n．关系；联系；亲戚________adj.有关系的；相对的
7．________v t.映射；反射v t. & v i.思考________n．反射；映象；沉思
8．________adj.纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的________ad v.纯地；纯粹地；纯洁地________n．纯洁；纯净；纯度________v t.使纯净；提纯
9．________adj.意识的；知道的________n．意识；清醒
10．________adj.生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的________ad v.生动地；鲜明地________n．活泼；明亮
11．________adj.狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的________ad v.勉强地；精细地
12．________adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的________ad v.尖锐地________v t.削尖；磨快________n．磨具；削具13．________adj.好吃的；可口的________v t.品尝；体验
14．________v t.恐吓v t.受惊吓________adj.恐惧的________adj.令人恐惧的
15．________n．养老金；退休金________n．领退休金或养老金的人
短语回顾
1.________the meantime与此期间；与此同时
2．be/become________of 对……知道、明白；意识到……
3．(be)________to death 吓死了
4．draw________ 靠近
5．hold________ 阻挡
6．help(...)________ 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
7．upside________ 上下翻转
8．sort________ 整理；分类；收拾
9．________at 瞄准
10．be________to do sth. 正要做某事
句型背诵
1.This was the call________announced there was________ ________ ________a whale hunt.
这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。
2．...I could see he was terrified of________ ________ ________us.
……我可以看出他非常害怕被我们抛弃。
3．The first thing I________ ________ ________was all the vivid colours________me...
我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩……
4．We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal ________itself out of the water and then ________ down again.
我们及时跑到海边，看到一个巨大的动物跃出水面而后又跌入水中。
5．I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom swimming by the boat, ________ us the way.
我低头朝水中看去，看到老汤姆正在船边游着，为我们引路。
6．A few minutes later, there was no Tom, so George started beating the water with his oar and there was Tom, circling back to the boat, ________ us to the hunt again.
几分钟以后，汤姆不见了，乔治开始用浆击打水面，汤姆又出现了，围着小船转圈，又带着我们捕猎了。
自我诊断
单词拓展
1．annual 2.accommodation；accommodate 3.flee；fled 4.depth；deep
5.abandon；abandonment；abandoned
6.relationship；relation；relative
7.reflect；reflection
8.pure；purely；purity；purify
9.aware；awareness10.vivid；vividly；vividness11.narrow；narrowly12.sharp；sharply；sharpen；sharpener13.tasty；taste
14.scare；scared；scaring15.pension；pensioner
短语回顾
1．in 2.aware 3.scared 4.near 5.up 6.out7.down8.out9.aim 10.about
句型背诵
1．that；about to be 2.being abandoned by 3.became aware of；surrounding 4.throwing; crashing 5.showing 6.leading
考点串串讲
重点单词
1.abandon vt.放弃，抛弃(某人)，放弃(计划、希望等)，离开(家园)；遗弃(孩子)；沉溺于……n．尽情；放纵
abandon oneself to沉湎于……
abandon sth.放弃某物
with abandon放肆地；恣意地
①He abandoned himself to despair.
他陷入绝望中。
②Jackson has abandoned his old car.
杰克逊把他那辆旧车扔了。
③People were shouting and cheering with abandon.
人们兴高采烈，纵情欢呼。
●易混辨析
abandon, desert, quit与give up
abandon指不得已而遗弃、放弃人或事物。
desert强调故意逃避应尽的义务和职责，违背誓言，有责难之意。
quit指“放弃，退出，离开”，多指突然或不情愿放弃，也有“中止；离职，辞职”的意思。
give up为常用词，多用于口语，与abandon同义。
①The research plan was abandoned because of the poor conditions.
这项研究计划因为条件差被放弃。
②Never desert a friend in need.
决不要抛弃有困难的朋友。
③My father has quit smoking.
我父亲已戒烟了。
④I can't answer that puzzle; I give up.
我猜不出这个谜语，我认输了。
●用法拓展
abandoned adj.被放弃的；无约束的；放荡的
Hong Zhanhui brought up a girl abandoned by her parents.
洪战辉抚养了一个被父母遗弃的女孩。
即境活用
单项填空
①A good teacher would not let her students ________.
A．abandon B．desert
C．abandoned D．abandoning
用abandon/desert/quit/give up填空
②Don't ________ yourself to drinking.
③The village was ________ because of the flood.
④He ________ smoking and drinking definitely.
⑤My daughter ________ the idea of going abroad.
答案：①C②abandon③deserted ④quit/gave up⑤gave up/quit
2．witness n．目击者；证人；证据vt.当场见到；目击
He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room.
他证明看到那个人进了房间。
The police found the witness to the
murder case.
警察找到了那个谋杀案的目击者。
●用法拓展
in witness of...作为……的证据/证人
a witness/witnesses to……的证人/证据
witness to证实；证明
bear/give witness to...作为……的证据
witness n．证人，目击者；证词
give/bear false witness作伪证
He witnessed the accident.＝He was a witness to the accident.
他亲眼看见了那个意外事故。
He witnessed the truth of my statement.
他证明我的陈述真实。
即境活用
单项填空
After the explosion，the policemen did a lot of work to find out some clues from the________.
A．on-lookers B．viewers
C．people D．witnesses
答案：D
3．flee vi.逃走，逃掉vt.逃离，逃避
Samuel has fled.塞缪尔已经逃跑了。
Why does she always flee any kind of responsibility?
她为什么总是逃避责任？
During the civil war thousands of people fled the country.
在内战期间成千上万的人逃离了这个国家。
●归纳延伸
flee away逃离
flee from从……逃离；避免
flee to逃至
flee in terror惊慌逃跑
即境活用
翻译句子
他杀死了他的敌人，然后逃离了那个国家。
_________________________________ _____________________________________ __
答案：He killed his enemy and fled the country.
4．narrow adj.狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的
He moves in a narrow circle of friends.
他生活在狭小的朋友圈子里。
●用法拓展
(1)narrow还可以表示“所余不多的，勉强的”
(2)narrowly ad v.仅仅，勉强地，严密地
(3)a narrow victory险胜
(4)in a narrow sense在狭义上
(5)narrow majority微弱多数
(6)by a narrow margin相差不多地
(7)narrow down缩小(范围等)
①They had a narrow victory over the enemy in the battle.
在那次战斗中他们勉强胜过了敌人。
②He narrowly escaped drowning.
他差一点儿淹死。
③Watch that fellow narrowly.
注意看着那家伙。
5．offer vt.提供；主动提出；报价
①The company has offered a high salary.
这家公司提供高薪。
②Television began to offer some programmes from foreign countries.
电视开始播出一些外国的节目。
③We offered him a lift, but he didn't accept.
我们建议他搭我们的便车，但他没有接受。
④He offered to lend me his bike.
他表示愿意把他的自行车借给我。
●用法拓展
(1)offer可用于offer sth. to sb., offer sb. sth., offer to do sth.等结构。
(2)offer作名词用，表示“提议；提供；给予；出价；报价”，后面可接不定式或of 介词短语，两者均作offer的定语。
(3)made an offer of主动提出；报价。
①He made an offer of help.
他主动提供帮助。
②They made an offer of $3,000 for the car.
他们出价三千美元买这辆小汽车。
③Thank you for your kind offer to help.
谢谢你愿意帮忙的好意。
④She offered me the job.(＝She offered the job to me.)
她向我提供了这份工作。
即境活用
单项填空
He ________ me a chance to do the experiment once again.
A．offered B．supplied
C．provided D．lent
答案：A
6．accommodation n．住所；(pl.)住宿，膳宿；提供便利的设备(或用具)；适应，调节；调解，和解
●用法拓展
(1)accommodate (sth./oneself)to＝adapt (sth./oneself)to 使(某物/自己)适应(或顺应)
(2)accommodate sb. with...＝supply sb. with...向某人提供……
(3)make accommodations for为……提供膳宿
(4)book accommodations at a hotel向旅馆预订房间
(5)arrange sb.'s accommodation给某人安排住处
①The hall can only accommodate 200
people.
这个大厅只能容纳200人。
②We've made every effort to accommodate your point of view.
我们已经尽力迁就你们的观点。
③We reached an accommodation between both parties.
我们双方达成了和解。
即境活用
单项填空
More and more travelers are looking for bed and breakfast ________ in private homes.
A．accommodations B．service
C．advantage D．offer
答案：A
7．aware adj.意识到的；知道的
(1)be/become aware of sth./that.../wh-clause知道，明白，意识到……
(2)make sb. aware of sth.使某人明白某事
(3)
?????so/as far as I am aware as far as I am concerned as far as I know
就我所知 (4)lack of awareness 一无所知
①Most smokers are perfectly aware of the dangers of smoking.
大多数吸烟者完全知道吸烟的危害。 ②It's time someone made him aware of the effects of his actions.
该有人让他明白他的所作所为所造成的后果了。
③So far as I'm aware this is the first time a British rider has won the competition.
就我所知，这是英国骑师第一次赢得这项竞赛。
●易混辨析
aware 与conscious
二者都可表示“意识到的”，都可用于be aware/conscious of 结构，但aware 指感官上的知觉；而conscious 指内心所意识到的感觉。
I suddenly felt aware of somebody
watching me.
我突然觉得有人盯着我看。
He became acutely conscious of having failed his parents.
他深深感到自己辜负了父母(的期望)。
即境活用
单项填空
①The event made people ________ the world hunger.
A．come about B．curious about
C．aware of D．adapted to
翻译句子
②她发觉有东西烧着了。
_________________________________ _____________________________________ __
答案：①C
②She became aware that something was burning.
8．scare vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓
(1)(be) scared to death吓死了
(2)be scared of sb./(doing)sth.害怕某人/恐惧(干)某事
(3)scare sb. into doing sth.恐吓/威胁某
人做某事
(4)be scared to do sth.不敢干某事
(5)scare...away/off把……吓跑
(6)scared adj.担惊受怕的
Ignore him, he's just trying to scare us.
不要理他，他只是想吓唬我们罢了。
Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well.
有些父母试图用吓唬的法子使孩子守规矩。
We lit fires to scare away the wolves.
我们点起火堆来吓跑狼群。
即境活用
用适当的介副词填空
①He scares people ________ by being so brash.
②They scared him ________ handing over the keys.
答案：①away②into
9．reflect vt.&vi.反射；表达；反映；考虑
A mirror reflects a picture of you when you look into it.
当你照镜子时，镜子映出你的形象。
Does this letter reflect how you really
think?
这封信是否表达了你真实的想法？
He reflected before answering my question.
他在回答我的问题之前仔细考虑了一下。
His face was reflected in the mirror.
他的脸映照在镜子里。
●用法拓展
reflect on/upon招致；考虑，思考；给……带来(坏)影响
reflect sb./sth. in sth.(指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像
reflect sth. from sth.从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)
reflection n．反射；反照；反映；映像；倒影
be lost in reflection陷入沉思中
The unemployment figures reflect badly on the government's policies.
失业数字给政府的政策带来很坏的影响。
Such behavior will only reflect discredit on yourself.
那样的行为只会影响到你自己的信誉。
I need time to reflect on your offer.
我需要时间来考虑你的建议。
The mountains were reflected in the lake.
山在湖面上反映出来。
This material absorbs the sound，and doesn't reflect it.
这种材料吸音，而不产生回音。
●易混辨析
reflect和consider
reflect表示思考的方式，回顾、回想发生过的事情，常与on或upon连用。
consider包括了推理、用抽象的概念思考和对未来的思考。
After reflecting for a time he decided not to go.
仔细思考后，他决定不去了。
We have considered your application carefully，but can not offer you the job.
我们已经认真考虑了你的申请，但不能聘请你做这份工作。
即境活用
单项填空
①Usually a child's behavior is a________of his family environment.
A．recognition B．reflection
C．return D．record
②The________of the trees in the water was very clear.
A．mirror B．reflection
C．shadow D．sight
答案：①B②B
10．opposite prep.在……对面adj.相对的；相反的；(在……)对面的adv.在对面，对过n．相反的人(事物)；对立物
●用法拓展
be the opposite of...……的相反者/对立物
quite/just the opposite完全/正好相反
at opposite ends of the city在城市的两端
in the opposite direction向相反的方向
●特别提醒
opposite词性较多，在使用时尤其要注意其副词词性和形容词词性的不同用法。如短语the houses opposite“对面的房子”中opposite为形容词，作后置定语；而在He lives just opposite“他就住在对面”中
opposite为副词。
即境活用
单项填空
In England you must drive on the________side of the road to the rest of Europe.
A．opposite B．opposition
C．oppress D．opposed
答案：A句意为：在英国路上开车，要与欧洲其他国家相反。opposite adj.“相对的，对面的”；opposition n．“反对，敌对”；oppress v t.“压迫”；opposed adj.“反对的”。
11．drag vt.拖；拉vi.拖曳；吸
●用法拓展
drag on没完没了地延续下去；拖延
drag sth. out of sb.套某人的话，强迫某人说出
drag(sth.)up提起(不愿回忆或谈论的事)
drag sb. down使某人虚弱；使某人情绪低落
●易混辨析
pull，draw与drag