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2015年----北京语言大学翻译硕士英语考研真题及答案

各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

理货公司tally company

利基niche

离经叛道rebel against the orthodoxy

理论与实际相结合integrade theory with practice

礼尚往来courtesy calls for reciprocity; courtesy demands reciprocity

历史遗产historical heritage;legacy of history

历史遗留下来的问题roblem left over by history; an issue rooted in history

利税分流payment of the tax plus a percentage of profits to the state

理顺经济秩序straighten out the economic order

力所能及within one's power;to the bes of one's ability( capacity)

立体电视three-dimensional television

立体开放口岸trading port open to sea, land and air

立体快巴straddling bus (The straddling bus, first exhibited on the 13th Beijing International High-tech Expo in May this year, may be one possible answer to the traffic problem. In the near future, the model is to be put into pilot use in Beijing’s Mentougou District. 今年五月在第十三届北京国际科技产业博览会上首次展出的立体快巴将可能成为解决交通问题的一条出路。在不久的将来，这种新型车将在

北京门头沟区进行试运行。)

立体农业three-dimensional agriculture

立体式报道an in-depth and comprehensive report

立体思考three-dimensional thinking

立体战争three-dimensional war

离退办office for the affairs of the retired workers

离退休人员基本养老金basic pensions for retirees

理想雇主preferred workplace (Samsung was selected as thepreferred workplace for a 2nd straight year in a survey of 1146 college seniors, done by Job Korea, a recruitment portal of South Korea. 韩国就业门户网站Job Korea对1146名大四学生进行的调查中三星连续第二年被选为韩国大学生的理想雇主。)

礼仪小姐ritual girl

礼仪小姐guiding girl

礼仪小姐Miss Etiquette (The final selection of Shanghai ExpoMiss Etiquette was held in Hangzhou city, Zhe Jiang province on Jan 31, 2010. 上海世博会礼仪小姐选拔活动总决赛于2010年1月31日在浙江省杭州市启动。)

立于不败之地be in an invincible position;remain invincible

2014年考研专业课复习安排及方法

问题一：专业课复习的复习进度及内容安排

回答一：专业课的复习通常在9月或者更早就要开始了，集中复习一般放在

11月－12月左右。在复习的初期主要是对课程的大致内容进行了解，大概要拿出一个月的时间对所有的内容进行一下梳理，最好所有的章节的大概内容都在脑中留有印象，然后再结合历年试题，掌握命题的重点，把考过的知识点以及考过几遍都在书上做出标记，把这些作为复习的重点。

接下来的就是熟记阶段，这个阶段大概要持续两个月的时间。在这段日子里要通过反复的背记来熟练掌握专业课的知识，理清知识脉络。专业课的辅导班也通常会设在10月初或者11月，如果报了补习班，可以趁这个机会检验一下自己的复习结果，并且进一步加强对知识点的印象。在面对繁多的复习内容的时候，运用行之有效的复习方法是非常重要的。

考研最后冲刺的一个月里，要对考试的重点以及历年试题的答题要点做进一步的熟练。并用几份历年试题进行一下模拟，掌握考试时的答题进度。专业课的命题非常灵活，有的题在书上找不到即成的答案，为了避免所答非所问，除了自己总结答案之外，还要查阅一下笔记或者辅导书上是否有答案，或者直接去找命题、授课的老师进行咨询，这样得来的答案可信度也最高。在和老师咨询的过程中，除了能够获得试题的回答要点，更重要是能够从中掌握分析试题的方法，掌握如何运用已掌握的知识来正确的回答问题，这才是最为重要的。

问题二：专业课复习中需要获得的资料和信息以及这些资料和信息的获取方法

回答二：1. 专业课复习中需要获得的资料和信息专业课的资料主要包括专业辅导书、课程笔记、辅导班笔记以及最重要的历年试题(因为毕竟是考上的学长

学姐整理经验和教训都有的)。如果这些都搜集全的话，就可以踏踏实实的开始复习了。专业辅导书是复习的出发点，所有的考试的内容都是来源如此，但是通常专业辅导书都是又多又厚的，所以要使我们复习的效率最大化，就要运用笔记和历年试题把书本读薄。如前所述，专业课试题的重点基本上不会有太大的变动，所以仔细研究历年试题可以帮助我们更快的掌握出题点和命题思路，并根据这些重点有的放矢的进行复习，这样可以节省很多复习的时间。

2. 专业课资料和信息的来源考研时各种各样的信息，如辅导班，参考书，以及最新的考研动态，并不是一个人就能顾及到的，在一些大的考研网站上虽然可以获得一些信息，但是有关的专业的信息还是来自于学校内部同学之间的交流。毕竟考生大部分的时间还是要放在学习上。专业课信息最重要的来源就是刚刚结束研究生考试的的研究生一年级学生，由于他们已经顺利通过考试，所以他们的信息和考试经验是最为可靠的。笔记和历年试题都可以和认识的师兄师姐索取，或者和学校招生办购买。由于专业课的考试是集中在一张试卷上考查很多本书的内容，所以精练的辅导班笔记就比本科时繁多的课程笔记含金量更高。考生最好能找到以前的辅导班笔记，或者直接报一个专业辅导班，如的专业课辅导班，由专业课的老师来指导复习。另外，也可以尝试和师兄师姐们打听一下出题的老师是谁，因为出题的老师是不会参加辅导的，所以可以向出题的老师咨询一下出题的方向。

问题三：专业课的复习方法

回答三：专业课的内容繁多，所以采用有效的复习的方法也显得尤为重要。

任何一个会学习的学生，都应该是会高效率地学习的人。与其为了求得心理上的安慰“小和尚念经”般的在桌边捱过“有口无心”的半天时间，还不如真正有效的学习两个小时，用其余的时间去放松自己，调节一下，准备下一个冲刺。每个人都有自己的生物钟，十几年的学习生活，你一定很清楚自己在什么时候复习效果最好，要根据自己的情况来合理安排时间。通常都是把需要背记的内容放在每天精力最旺盛的时候，且每门持续背诵的时间不能安排的过长。

专业课的许多知识都要以记忆为基础。记忆的方法，除了大家熟悉的形象记忆法，顺口溜等之外，还有就是“阅读法”，即把需要记忆的内容当作一篇故事，就像看故事一样看他几遍，记住大概的“情节”，每次重复看时就补上上次没记住或已经忘记的部分。这样经常看就会慢慢记住了，而且记的很全面。因为现在专业课考试的题目很少有照搬书本上的答案，大部分的题都要求考生自己去归纳分析总结，所以对书上的知识有一个全面整体的了解，对考试时的发挥很有帮助；另一种是“位置法”即以段落为单位，记住段落的前后位置。看到相关题目时，那一页或几页书就会出现在脑海里，使人在答题中不会遗漏大的要点。这两种方法都能让你全面整体的掌握课本的知识。

在这之后要做的就是提纲挈领，理出一个知识的脉络。最好的办法就充分利用专业课参考书的目录，考生可以在纸上把每一章的小标题都列上，再把具体每一个标题所涉及的知识一点点的回忆出来，然后再对照书，把遗漏的部分补上，重点记忆。这样无论考查重点或是一些较偏的地方，我们都能够一一应付。但是对于概念这种固定化的知识点，就要在理解的基础上反复记忆，默写也不失为一种好的方法。我们很多同学都是不大喜欢动手，可能他们会默背或小声朗读要背

记的内容几个钟头，但是不愿意写半个小时。殊不知古人所说的“眼过千遍，不如手过一遭”这句话还是很有道理的。

问题四：如何协调专业课和公共课的关系

回答四：在考研的初始阶段，可以把大部分时间都分配给数学和英语，但是在考研的后期，专业课复习的时间就要逐渐的增加。一天只有24小时，考生要在保持精力，即在保持正常休息的前提下，最大限度的利用时间，合理的安排各项复习内容。这时就要考虑把时间用在哪一科上或是具体那一科的哪一部分才能取得最大的收益。大凡高分的考生，他们的专业课的成绩都很高。因为对于考生来说，政治和英语的区分度并不是很大，要提高几分是需要花费大量时间和精力的，而且在考试时还存在着许多主观的因素。但是专业课由于是各校内的老师出题，每年的重点基本不会变化，如果搜集到历年真题以及辅导班的笔记，多下些功夫，想要得高分并不是难事。

由于专业课在考研的整体分值中占了很大的比例，所以考生一定要在保证公共课过线的情况下，尽量提高专业课的分数。而且正所谓“法无定法”，每个人适合的学习方法都不尽相同，这里只是给大家提供一个借鉴，具体的方法还需要考生在学习的过程中不断的总结。

问题五：如何利用专业课复习资料

回答五：1、通读课本。作为研究生入学考试，考察的知识点还是相当全面、相当有难度的，至少是高于该专业本科生期末考试难度。这就要求大家对专业课

知识有全面的理解，进行系统的复习。不能只靠压题，猜题。因此大家应该通读课本，了解专业课的整个体系。着重复习重点要点。及时配备所考科目的最新专业书籍和过去几年专业试题。下一步工作就是详细整理专业课程的逻辑结构，然后对照专业试题，看看曾经的考试重点落在哪里，并揣摩其命题思路和动机。通常反复出现的考点和尚未出现的考点成为今后命题对象的概率很大，因为前者可能是专业兴奋点，后者则填补空白。

2、重点复习专业课笔记。对于在职考生或跨专业考生来说，想办法搞到专业课笔记是十分重要也是必须的。因为社会在进步，知识在膨胀，书本上的知识也有过时或遗漏的，导师出题会基本上按照笔记上的知识点出，专业课笔记可以将该科目系统的总结，补充出你没有接触的新知识点，使你了解该导师所接受的答题思路，这样就有利于你理顺该科目的体系，增加阅卷人对你的好印象。如果借不到笔记，可以用托熟人，贴广告等方法。尽量确认考试出题范围。上面通过研究分析历年考题摸规律的方法很不精确，而且一旦命题教师更换，可能吃大亏。广泛地咨询该专业本科生和研究生，有助于了解最新情况。最好的方法还是打听出命题教师，然后争取旁听其授课。

3、研究历年试题。专业课考试中，重点问题重复出现的现象是很普遍的。搞到专业课试题，多做一下研究，不仅可以使你对命题形式有充分的了解，而且有可能见到当年将要出的重复题目。比如我考的专业课中有一门课程，最后一道20分的题目连续三年都是同一道题。一般的学校会在报名的时候统一出售历年试题，大家应该注意一下。专题整理是一种很有效的方法，尤其是对付试卷中比较棘手的简答题和论述题。不仅可以提高分析问题的能力，还有助于专业知识的系

统化和融会贯通。根据一些重要的原理性知识，结合当前热点问题，为自己列举出一系列问题，然后从教材及专业杂志中整理答案，有可能请教学长或导师，力求答案尽量完整、标准。整理完后，每隔一段时间就要拿出来温习一下，看是否

又产生了新的答题思路。

2015考研英语一阅读理解逐句翻译

2015 Text 1 Paragraph 1 1、King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted ?kings don`t abdicate, they die in their sleep.? But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. 西班牙国王胡安?卡洛斯曾说?国王不会退位，他们逝世于睡眠中?。但是最近几次欧洲大选中，丑闻盛行、共和党人大受欢迎迫使胡安?卡洛斯收回之前的言论，并被迫退位。 1.1 abdicate英/'?bd?ke?t/ 美/'?bd?ket/vt. 退位；放弃vi. 退位；放弃 1.2 scandal英/'sk?nd(?)l/ 美/'sk?ndl/n. 丑闻；流言蜚语；诽谤；公愤 2、So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle? 如此说来，西班牙的危机是否表明君主制已到穷途末路？是否意味着欧洲皇室以及他们锦衣玉食的生活走向末路已无可更改？ 2.1 monarchy英 /'m?n?k?/ 美/'mɑn?ki/n. 君主政体；君主国；君主政治 2.2 the writing is on the wall某事将失败的不祥预兆 2.3 royal英/'r???l/ 美/'r???l/n. 王室；王室成员adj. 皇家的；盛大的；女王的；高贵的；第一流的 2.4 magnificent英/m?g'n?f?s(?)nt/ 美/m?g'n?f?snt/adj. 高尚的；壮丽的；华丽的；宏伟的 2.5 majestic英 /m?'d?est?k/ 美/m?'d??st?k/adj. 庄严的；宏伟的 Paragraph 2 1、The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. 西班牙的事例既提供了支持君主制的论据，也提供了反对君主制的论据。 2、When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above ?mere? politics and ?embody? a spirit of national unity.这时公众意见呈现出两极分化，弗 2.1 particularly英/p?'t?kj?l?l?/ 美/p?'t?kj?l?l?/adv. 特别地，独特地；详细地，具体地；明确地，细致地 2.2 polarise 英/’p??l?ra?z/ 美/’p?ul?raiz/vt. 极化（等于polarize）polarize英/'p?ul?raiz/ 美/'pol?'ra?z/vt. （使）极化；（使）偏振；（使）两极分化vi. 极化；偏振；两极分化 2.3 regime英 /re?'?i?m/ 美/re'?im/n. 政权，政体；社会制度；管理体制 2.4 monarch英 /'m?n?k/ 美/'mɑn?k/n. 君主，帝王；最高统治者 Paragraph 3 1、It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs` continuing popularity polarized. 正是这次明显的超越对君主作为国家元首继续流行做出了解释。 1.1 transcendence英/tr?n'send?ns/ 美/tr?n'send?ns/n. 超越；卓越；超然存在 2、And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). 正因如此，除中东外，欧洲是世界上君主制最盛行的地区，有10位国王（梵蒂冈和安道尔不算在内）。 2.1 infested adj. 为患的，大批滋生的（常与with搭配）v. 害虫、野兽大批出没于( infest的过去式和过去分词)；遍布于 3、But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure. 但是，与海湾地区和亚洲的专制国家不同，欧洲皇室能够留存下来，是因为他们让选民免于苦心孤诣地寻找一个没有争议且受尊崇的公众人物。 3.1 absolutist英/'?bs?lu:tist/ 美/'?bs?lu:tist/n. 绝对论者；专制主义者 Paragraph 4 1、Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. 即使如此，毋庸臵疑君主还是在衰落。 1.1 ownside英 /'da?nsa?d/ 美/'da?nsa?d/n. 负面，缺点；下降趋势；底侧adj. 底侧的 2、Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today – embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. 即使他们声称自己是国家统一的象征，但他们的历史和今日的行为方式都代表着他们享有的特权和他们身上体现出的不公平已经过时，且站不住脚。

考研英语一翻译真题汇总

1990 年英译汉试题 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities，and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not，or why one is cooperative and another is competitive. Social scientists are，of course，extremely interested in these types of questions. (61)They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet，but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect，the two approaches are very different from each other. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as‖nature vs. nurture‖. (62)Those who support the ―nature‖side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. (63)That our environment has little， if anything，to do with our abilities，characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme，this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts. Those who support the ―nurture‖ theory，that is，they advocate education，are often called behaviorists. They claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist，B.F. Skinner，sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists maintain that，like machines，humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior. Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic，intelligence， offered by the two theories. Supporters of the ―nature‖theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined. Needless to say，they don‘t believe that factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic. On the other hand，behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences. (64)Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. The social and political implications of these two theories are profound. In the United States， blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some ―nature‖ proponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites. (65)Behaviorists，in contrast， say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy. Most people think neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. 1991 年英译汉试题 The fact is that the energy crisis，which has suddenly been officially announced，has been with us for a long time now，and will be with us for an even longer time. Whether Arab oil flows freely or not，it is clear to everyone that world industry cannot be allowed to depend on so fragile a base. (71)The supply of oil can be shut off unexpectedly at any time，and in any case，the oil wells will all run dry in thirty years or so at the present rate of use. (72)New sources of energy must be found，and this will take time，but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past. For an indefinite period from here on，mankind is going to advance cautiously，and consider itself lucky that it can advance at all. To make the situation worse，there is as yet no sign that any slowing of the world‘s population is in sight. Although the birthrate has dropped in some nations，including the United States，the population of the world seems sure to pass six billion and perhaps even seven billion as the twenty-first century opens. (73)The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this，which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food. Taking all this into account，what might we reasonably estimate supermarkets to be like in the year2001? To begin with，the world food supply is going to become steadily tighter over the next thirty years—even here in the United States.By2001，the population of the United States will be at least two hundred fifty million and possibly two hundred seventy million，and the nation will find it difficult to expand food production to fill the additional mouths. 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