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书面表达常用句型

书面表达常用句型
书面表达常用句型

中学英语写作教学知识体系是教师在写作教学中指导学生有效掌握英语写作知识、培养学生英语写作能力的多维度和多层次的理论与实践系统。这个系统对教师的教和学生的学都具有指导意义。确立正确的英语写作教学观念,明确英语写作知识与技能的关系,探索促进英语写作知识与技能学习和训练的有效途径,改变中学英语写作教学的薄弱状况,是建构中学英语写作教学知识体系的意义所在。

书面表达常用句型

一.系表结构二.主谓结构三.主谓宾结构四.双宾语结构五.复合宾语结构六.祈使句结构七.感叹句结构八. 疑问句结构

一.系表结构

主语+系动词+表语

1. 常用的系动词有:

1). 静态(表性质、特征、状态): be seem remain appear

2). 动态(表变化): become go turn get grow

3). 感官(表示感觉): look sound taste feel smell

2. 可以用做表语的有:

1)名词 2)名词性物主代词 3)不定代词 4)人称代词 5)形容词 6)数词 7)副词 8)动词不定式(短语) 9)动名词(短语) 10)现在分词(短语) 11)过去分词(短语) 12)介词短语 13)从句

e.g.

1)Smith was the boss of a garage.

2) Is this pen yours?

3) This is something you should always keep in mind.

4) It is she who is singing next door.

5) All the walls are white

6) My son will be fourteen next year.

3. 常用句型:

1) It + be + n. + to do

2) It + be + adj. + to do

3) It + be + n. + for / of sb. + to do

4) It + be + n. + doing

5) It + be + adj. + doing

6) It + be + n. + clause

e.g.

1) It is a pity to hear that.

2) It is not easy to master a foreign language.

3) It is a big mistake for her to have bought the clothes.

二.主谓结构

主语+(不及物动词)谓语+状语

Notes:

1. 谓语动词之后有时可以不带任何成分。

2. 状语可以是名词、副词、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语、从句等。

3.常见句型:

1) S. + vi. 2) S. + vi. + n.

3) S. + vi. + adv. 4) S. + vi. + prep. ph.

5) S. + vi. + to do

e.g.

The sun has risen. They worked day and night. They all went out. She came into the library. 三.主谓宾结构

主语+(及物动词)谓语+宾语

1. vi.+ prep.== vt.

2. 可以做宾语的有:名词,代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词,从句等.

常见句型:

1) S.+ vt. + n. 2) S.+ vt. + pron.

3) S.+ vt. + num. 4) S.+ vt. + adv. + n. / pron.

5) S.+ vt. + to do 6) S.+ vt. + whether / wh + to do

e.g.

1) She is watering the flowers.

2) He loves her very much.

3) Who are you going to take these three?

三.双宾语结构

主语+(及物动词)谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

Notes:

1. 不是所有的及物动词之后都可由双宾语。

可用于此句型的动词有以下三类:

1). give tell teach write bring

2) buy do get fetch save make

3) ask answer

2. 1)= vt. + D.O. + to + I.O.

2)= vt. + D.O. + for + I.O.

3)vt. + D.O.1 + D.O.2

3.常用句型:

1) S. + vt. + D.O. +I.O.

2) S. + vt. + D.O. + to / for + I.O.

3) S. + vt. + I.O. + clause

e.g.

1) He gave me some beautiful pictures.

2) He handed the purse to the teacher.

3) Would you fetch some water for the children?

四.复合宾语结构

主语+(及物动词)谓语+复合宾语

1.复合宾语是指“宾语+宾语补足语”。宾语和其补足语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。

2.可作宾语补足语的有:名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定时,现在分词,过去分词。

3.常见句型:

1) S. + vt. + n. / pron. + n.

2) S. + vt. drive + n. / pron. + adj.

3) S.+ vt. make +it + n./adj. + for/of sb. to do /doing

e.g.

1) We elected him monitor of our class.

2) The boy kicked the door open.

3) I think it foolish of him to believe her.

五.祈使句结构

1. Do + …

2. Be + predictive +…

3. Don’t + do + …

4. Don’t + be + predictive

5. Let + object + do + ...

六.感叹句结构

1. What (+ adj.) + n.+ S. + v.!

2. How + adj./adv. + S. + v.!

3. How + S. + v.!

e.g. 1) What a silly boy he is!

2) What terrible weather we are having!

3) How hard they are working!

八.疑问句结构

1.一般疑问句:

1) Be + S. + predictive?

2) Be + there + S. + … ?

3) Has + S. + object + …?

e.g. 1) Were they busy yesterday?

2) Was there a pine tree beside the house?

3) Have you (got) any red ink?

2. 特殊疑问句

1)作主语的疑问词 + 陈述语序?

(who; which; what)

2)作定语修饰主语的疑问词 + 陈述语序?

(what; which; whose; how many/much)

3)疑问词(作定语/表语/状语)+一般疑问语序?

e.g. 1) Who came to school the earliest yesterday?

2) Which book is yours?

3) What are you doing?

3.选择疑问句:

1)一般疑问句 + or + 另一供选择部分?

2)一般疑问句 + or + not?

3)特殊疑问句, + A or B ?

e.g. 1) Do you like sports or music?

2) Do you like sports or not?

3)Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?

4. 反意疑问句:

1)陈述句肯定结构,+ 系动词的否定式 + 人称代词? 2)陈述句否定结构,+ 系动词的肯定式 + 人称代词?

e.g. 1) You are tired, aren’t you?

2) You wouldn’t leave for long, will you?

书面表达高分策略

1,字迹清楚,段落明朗:要给阅卷人清楚、工整的感觉。段落一般为三段,采用段首缩进式,每段段首缩进的量要一致,要让阅卷人一目了然。

2,内容完整,紧扣提纲(complete):一般来说,写作都会给出三点汉语提纲,考生应严格按照三点写成三段。不要有遗漏,也不要随意改变提纲要点的顺序。因为阅卷人要在30秒左右的时间打出分数,所以不希望看到与提纲严重背离的作文。

3,先保正确,再求闪光(correct):要首先保证语法和拼写正确,哪怕用小词、短句也可以。有能力的话再追求闪光的词句。例如,有考生在写2009年6月的作文时,写出了这样的开头句:

其实作文中常犯的语法错误除了冠词错误,还包括时态错误、名词和动词单复数错误、代词不一致错误、词性错误以及句子主谓不完整错误。

4,先总后分,连词用上(coherent):在写作的时候,几乎就是把给出的三点提纲作为每段的开头句,然后再加上两三个扩展句(理由或例证句)就可以了。当然有时候为了论证自然或扩展字数也可以加上一点铺垫的句子。5,语言简练,论据得当:不要过于重复和堆砌。有些考生背诵了一些经典的句型,为了凑字就全用上了,给人低层次的感觉。

审题和构思注意审题一定要仔细,按要求写作,不得擅自改动题目,给定的提纲不得有遗漏,否则会按比例扣分。不要因为事先自己背过或练过哪篇相似的文章而死搬硬套。否则后果很严重。

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