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同义词

同义词
同义词

Chpter Six 近义词联想记忆法

同义词联想是指以一个主题为核心来联想与该主题意思相近的词汇。这类词汇在语言的应用中可体现用词的多样性。(口语和写作基础词汇)

1.领域

Field[fi:ld]n.原野, 旷野, 领域, (一块)田地, 牧场, 域, 战场, 运动场

例句:Our field of vision is limited by many tall buildings. (环境角度)

我们的视野因高楼而受限制。

Area[ ε?ri?]n.范围, 区域, 面积, 地区, 空地

例句:In some poor/impoverished areas, there are still few schools serving numerous farm families, and many families there can not afford their children a normal education.(教育角度)

一些穷困的地区,对于农村家庭而言学校以就不够,而且正常教育的学费也让许多家庭望而却步。

District[ distrikt]n.区域, 地方, 管区, 行政区, (美国各州的)众议院选区

例句:Life in rural district is much closer to the nature than that in urban district.(环境角度)农村比城市更贴近自然。

Region[ ri:????]n.地方, (世界上某个特定的)地区, (艺术,科学等的)领域, (大气, 海水等的)层

例句:Most of the lakes are Located in the north central region. (环境角度)

大部分湖泊都在北部中心地区

2.袭击

attack [?????]n.进攻, 攻击, 批评, 疾病发作, 侵袭vt.攻击, 抨击, 动手处理(某事) 例句:Since the diseases such as SARS and bird flu attack people's health severely, both government and citizens should do mere preventions.(1.原因状语从句2.健康角度)

诸如非典和禽流感之类的疾病对人的健康威胁极大,政府和市民都应谨慎预防。

clash[kl??]n.冲突, 撞击声, 抵触v.(使)发出撞击声, 猛撞, 冲突

例句:As different cultures clash with one another, working abroad may easily arouse some misunderstanding. (文化角度)文化间的矛盾让胜过在国外的人容易产生误解。

conflict[ k ??●???]n.斗争, 冲突vi.抵触, 冲突

例句:Different cultural values and political systems easily give rise to economic conflicts.(文化角度)不同的文化价值和政治体制容激化经济矛盾。

fight[fait]n.斗争, 冲突vi.抵触, 冲突

例句:Many people in the underdeveloped countries are still fighting against the poverty.(经济角度)许多在欠发达国家的人仍然在为拜托贫困而努力着。

damage[ ??????]n.损害, 伤害v.招致损害

例句:In order to increase harvest, farmers use nitrates(硝酸盐),pesticides and fertilizers,

which damages the environment greatly.(1.定语从句2.环境角度)

为了增收,农民适用硝酸盐,杀虫剂,化肥等都对化境破坏极大。

harm[ha:m]vt.伤害, 损害n.伤害, 损害do harm to

例句:The biggest harm to children is that staring at the computer for a long time will damage the vision. (1.表语从句2.教育角度)儿童注视屏幕太久会伤害视力。

destroy [di ?????]vt.破坏, 毁坏, 消灭v.消灭, 摧毁

例句:But this "chemical rain" gradually destroys trees in the forests and kills fish in the lake.

(环境角度)但化学与逐渐摧毁了森林的树木和湖泊中的鱼。

defeat[di ????]vt 击败

例句:A man can be destroyed, but can never be defeated. (名言)

一个人可以被毁灭,但不可能被打败。

hurt [h???]v.刺痛, 伤害, (使)痛心, (使)伤感情, 受伤n.伤痛, 伤害

例句:Children are hurt by pets raised by their families. (健康角度)

儿童易被家养宠物伤害

ruin[ ruin]v.(使)破产, (使)堕落, 毁灭n.毁灭, 崩溃, 废墟, 遗迹

例句:If we tear down the old buildings, we are ruining the cultural heritage and traditional value as well. (1.条件状语从句2.文化角度)

如果推到老建筑,我们就破坏了文化遗产和传统。

spoil[sp il]vt.损坏, 搞糟, 宠坏, 溺爱

例句:Furthermore, the piles of garbage/trash/rubbish are ugly to look at and spoil the visual environments. (环境角度)更有甚者,垃圾堆不仅难看而且破坏了环境美。

4.创立

construct[k?????????]vt.建造, 构造, 创立

例句:This text take some introduce on construct safe side such as drainage of subgrade, construct on high fill deep moat subgrade, landslide transact etc. 这篇文章简要介绍了路基排水、填深堑路基施工、坡处治、土处治等施工安全方面的问题。

establish [i?st?bli?]vt.建立, 设立, 确定v.建立

例句:Our company was established in 1994.我们的公司成立于1994年。

set up adv.向上, 到(较高的地方,北方), 起来, 起床

例句:Constructing/establishing/setting up artistic projects can improve citizen's quality. (教育角度)构建艺术工程能提高市民的素质

form [f ??]n.形状, 形态, 外形, 表格, 形式v.形成, 构成, 排列, (使)组成

例句:All kinds of advertisements hasten us to form a new eating custom. (健康角度)所有的广告都在倡导形成新的饮食习惯。

found [faund]v.建立, 创立, 创办, 使有根据, 铸造, 熔制

例句:We expect our government to found better schools to satisfy the increasing number of people who are eager to study. (1.定语从句2.教育角度)

我们期待政府建立更多学校来满足日益增加的学习需求。

5.惊讶

amaze [??????]vt.使吃惊

例句:Citizens are greatly amazed at the thunderous noise produced by vehicles on roads and streets in big cities. (1.分词作定语2. 环境角度)

市民对机动车发出的巨大声响感到震惊。

astonish [????????]vt.使惊讶

例句:People are astonished at the sight of social crimes such as kidnap, burglary and armed robbery. (犯罪角度)人们对绑架、武装抢劫、盗窃等社会犯罪感到震惊。

shock [???]n.打击, 震动, 冲突, 休克, vt.使震动, 使休克, 震惊得

例句:In this civilized society the present-day indifferent attitudes towards animals and human beings have greatly shocked many people. (教育角度)

在这样一个文明社会,目前对于动物和人类的冷漠态度让人震撼。

surprise[s???????]n.惊奇, 诧异, 惊人之事vt.使惊奇, 奇袭

例句:When we grow old enough to earn a living, it does not surprise us to discover that success is measured in terms of the money one earns. (1.时间状语从句2.教育角度)

当我们涨到自食其力的时候却无奈的发现成功是用金钱来衡量的。

6. 推迟

delay [di lei]v.耽搁, 延迟, 延期, 迟滞n.耽搁, 延迟, 迟滞

例句:Most of us have developed an unshakable faith in railway timetable that ships may be delayed by bad weather; flights may be cancelled, but trains must be punctual. (时间角度)

我们当中的大多数对铁路的时间表充满信心,船可能被天气耽搁、飞机可能被取消、但火车一定能准时。

postpone [ p?◆?????◆?]vt.推迟, 使延期, 延迟

例句:The project of subsidizing the children in impoverished areas can not be postponed/delayed in order to help more children to go to school.(教育角度)援助贫困地区儿童的项目不能推迟,旨在帮助更多的儿童上学。

7. 支持

aid [eid]n.帮助, 援助, 帮助vt.资助, 援助, 帮助financial /economic aid

例句:Media can also help to raise fund in aid of the sick. (经济角度)

媒体同样可以募捐帮助病人。

assistance[????????]n.协助, 援助, 补助, <英>国家补助

help [help]n.帮忙, 补救办法, 助手vt.帮助, 助长, 接济, 治疗, 款待

support[s??????]vt.支撑, 扶持, 赡养, n.支撑, 支持

例句:Positive relationships with pets can be an aid/assistance/ a help/support in the development of trusting relationships with others. (情感角度)

与宠物的积极关系能促进社会人之间的相互信任。

8. 反对

disagree [dis??????]vi.不一致, 不适宜--- with

object [ ???????]n.物体, 目标, 对象vi.--反对, 拒绝, 抗议object to

oppose [????◆?]vt. ---of 反对, 使对立, vi. be opposed to反对

例句:Animal-rights activists disagree with/object to/ are opposed to whether humans are entitled conduct experiments on animals. (1.宾语从句2. 权利角度)

动物权利活动家反对人类对动物做实验。

9. 评估, 计算

count [kaunt]v.数, 计算, 计算在内, 认为, 有价值n.计数, 计算, 注意, 伯爵

reckon[ rek??]vt.计算, 总计, 估计, 猜想vi.数, 计算, 估计, 依赖, 料想

calculate [ k?●??◆●???]v.计算, 考虑, 计划, 打算v.<美>以为, 认为

assess [?????]vt.估定, 评定assessable[???????●]

evaluate[i v?●?◆???] vt.评价, 估计, 求...的值v.评价

estimate [ estim??] v.估计, 估价, 评估n.估计, 估价, 评估

例句:Damages caused by desertification were assessed/evaluated/estimated/counted/reckoned/ calculated at millions of $dollars. (环境角度)沙漠化的损失达到数百万美元。

10.隐藏

Cover[ k???]

Conceal [k??????●]vt.隐藏, 隐蔽, 隐瞒v.隐蔽

hide [haid] v.剥...的皮, 痛打, 隐藏, 掩藏, 隐瞒, 掩饰

例句:Most people claim that government should not cover up/conceal/hide the facts/truth from its own people. (1.宾语从句2.权利角度)

大多数人声称政府不能对其人民隐瞒。

mask[mɑ:sk] n.面具, 掩饰vt.戴面具, 掩饰vi.化装, 戴面具, 参加化装舞会

例句:He did it under the mask of charity. 他借慈善之名做此事。

11. 完成

accomplish[??k???●??]vt.完成, 达到, 实现

例句:The astronauts have accomplished the mission successfully.

宇航员成功的完成了任务。

achieve[???????]vt.完成, 达到

例句:The government endeavors to the sustainable development of resources. (环境角度)政府致力于发展可持续能源。

complete[k????●???] adj.全部的, 完全的, 完成的vt.完成, 使完善

例句:Life is like a huge project which needs completing gradually.

人生犹如一项巨大的工程需要逐步完善。

end[end]n.末端, 尽头, 结束, 末端, 死亡v.结束, 终结, 终止

例句:Life in city is hard, and it is difficult for some people make two/both ends meet every month. (经济角度)

在城市生活是艰难的,对于同一个城市生活的2个人想见一面都困难。

12. 得到

acquire[??kwai?]vt.获得, 学到

例句:Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an acquired taste and are not in born. (教育角度)

抽烟喝酒往往是一种后来习得的嗜好,并不是生来就有的。

secure[si kju?]adj.安全的, 可靠的, 放心的, v.保护

例句:Only by strengthening the public security can people enjoy a more peaceful and harmonious life. (安全角度)

只有通过加强公共安全才能让任命安居乐业。

13 符号

mark[ma:k]n.标志, 分数, 痕迹, 记号vt.做标记于, 打分数, 标志

例句:Western ideas and cultures have left a deep mark on aspects of our life since China’s economic reform. (文化角度)西方文化对中国经济改革中影响巨大。

sign[sain] n.标记, 符号, 征兆, 迹象, v.签名(于), 署名(于)~, 签署

例句:And in many cities, the popularization of private cars is viewed as an important sign of local economic growth. (经济角度)

在许多城市,私家车的盛行被视为社会经济增长的标志。

symbol[ simb?●]n.符号, 记号, 象征

例句:Artistic projects, which are symbols of the city, can boost local tourism. (文化角度)艺术工程即是城市象征也能促进地方旅游。

14 天真的

childish[t???●???]adj.孩子气的, 幼稚的

na?ve[na: ?i:v] adj

inexperienced[ ???????????????] adj.无经验的, 不熟练的

unsophisticated[ ????????????????]adj.不懂世故的, 单纯的, 纯洁的例句:The teenagers are so na?ve/childish/ inexperienced/ unsophisticated that they can hardly distinguish good from evil and even go astray(犯罪角度)

青少年如此天真以至于无法辨析善恶甚至会误入歧途。

innocent [ in?????] adj.(~of) 清白的, 无罪的, 天真的, 无知的

例句:However, the only son or daughter from broken families, though innocent, will suffer the unhappiness and misfortune their parents have left. (情感角度)

然而,离异家庭的孩子尽管无辜但人受到父母离异的影响而无法幸福生活。

15. 见解

insight[ insait] n.洞察力, 见识

例句:Part-time job experience gives students an insight into what work is about and prepares them psychologically for their future careers. (教育角度)

兼职给了学生深入了解工作的机会并为他们踏入社会提供心里准备。

Outlook[ autluk]n.景色, 风光, 观点, 见解, 展望, 前景

例句:This materialistic outlook has seriously influenced our education. (教育角度)

物质主义对教育的影响十分严重。

perspective[p?????????] n.透视画法, 透视图, 前途, 观点, 看法,切入点

viewpoint [ vju:p ???] n.观点

例句:Before presenting my view, I intend to discuss this hot issue from diverse/different

perspectives/viewpoints.

在我陈述观点之前,我需要用不同的观点讨论一下这一热点问题。

16. 生龙活虎

Active[ ?????]adj.积极的, 主动的to take an active part 积极参加工作

例句:As to children, it is necessary to offer active discussion with their parents on anything concerning their growth. (教育角度)

对于儿童,和家长在孩子成长的所有问题上都保持沟通是必要的。

energetic[en????????] adj.精力充沛的, 积极的a man of energetic personalities dynamic[dai n????] adj.动力的, 动态的a man of dynamic personalities性格活跃的人

例句:The image of a country as a modern, civilized and dynamic/energetic society can be enhanced /reinforced by booming/prosperous cultural development. (文化角度)繁荣的文化发展能提升一个国家现代的,文明的和生气勃勃的社会形象。

Lively[ laivli] adj.活泼的, 活跃的, 栩栩如生的, 真实的

例句:A lively person is full of life and is always doing things.

生气勃勃的人,总是充满活力并且总在做事。

vivid [ vivid]adj.生动的, 鲜明的, 鲜艳的, 大胆的, 清晰的, 活泼的, 逼真的

例句:TV always presents its audiences with a more vivid world. (教育角度)电视总是呈现给观众一个更加鲜活的世界。

vigorous [ ???????] adj.精力旺盛的, 有力的, 健壮的

例句:Children naturally like food rich in fat, proteins and sugar. It gives them the energy they need so that they may become vigorous players in sports.(健康

角度)儿童需要富含脂肪蛋白质和糖的食物,这给了他们必须的能量来使他们成为体育健将。

18. 解决

cope [k?◆?] vi. --– with (善于)应付, (善于)处理

handle[ ????●] n.柄, 把手, 把柄, 口实, 手感vt.触摸, 运用, 买卖, 处理, 操作

manage[ ??????]vi.处理, 应付过去vt.管理, 控制, 操纵, 维持, 运用, 设法, 达成

例句:On the other hand, young people still lack adequate experience and skills to cope with/ handle/manage sophisticated/complicated national problems and international relations.(教育角度)另一方面,年轻人缺乏经验无以应对复杂的国家问题和国际关系。

19. 亮丽,魅力

alluring [??●?◆????]adj.迷人的, 吸引人的, 诱惑的

attractive[?????????] adj.吸引人的, 有魅力的

charming [ ???????]adj.迷人的, 娇媚的

gorgeous [ g ?????]adj.华丽的, 灿烂的

fascinating [ f?????????]adj.迷人的, 醉人的, 着魔的

例句:Some of TV programs are so alluring/attractive/charming gorgeous/fascinating that children abandon themselves to watching them all the day, which seriously affects their study. (教育角度)一些电视节目吸引力十足以至于儿童整天看电视,这会影响学习。

20. 消除

Cancel[ k???●]vt.取消, 删去

例句:Most of us have developed an unshakable faith in railway timetable that ships may be delayed by bad weather; flights may be cancelled, but trains must be punctual.(时间角度)

我们中的大多数都深信铁路的时间表,船可能因天气原因耽搁,飞机可能被取消,但火车一定准时。

eliminate [i limineit]vt.排除, 消除v.除去eliminate illiteracy/poverty/diseases

remove[ri ?◆??]vt.移动, 开除, 移交vi.迁移, 搬家

例句:Government's first duty is to eliminate/remove illiteracy/poverty/diseases. (健康角度)政府的首要任务是消除贫困、疾病

21 放弃

Abandon[????????]vt.放弃, 遗弃n.放任, 狂热--- one's education

give up[giv]-[ ??]--- one's opportunity of studying abroad

quit [kwit]vi.离开, 辞职, 停止vt.离开, 放弃– one's school

例句:Many eligible children have to abandon/give up/quit schools due to their families' economic pressure. (经济角度)

许多儿童都首先无家庭经济环境而离开了学校。

resign [ri zain]n.辞去(职务)v.辞去, 辞职

例句:To resign from a job frequently does more harm than good to young people. (教育角度)频繁辞职对年轻人百害无益。

Choose[??◆??]v.选择, 选定

例句:Why so many young people choose to study abroad is that studying abroad can help them not only to master a foreign language, but also to know about foreign cultures. (1.表语从句2.教育角度)

为什么如此多的年轻人都选择去国外学习是因为在国外学习不仅能帮助学一语言还能了解文化。

select[si lekt]vt.选择, 挑选adj.精选的

例句:Without formal examinations, it will be hard for universities to select qualified candidates. (教育角度)没有正式的考核,大学很难徐选拔合格的人才。

23. 脏乱

dirty [ d????]adj.肮脏的, 卑鄙的, 下流的, vt.弄脏vi.变脏

例句:Some young people are often tucked in the cafe drinking and telling dirty stories. (教育角度)一些年轻人喝着咖啡说着脏话。

messy [ ????]adj.肮脏的, 凌乱的, 杂乱

例句:Under the present-day's intense pressure, life is messy and love is messier. (健康角度)在目前巨大的压力下,生活和爱情都变得凌乱。

Unhealthy[ ?????●θi] adj.不健康的, 对健康有害的

例句:Unhealthy eating diet contributes to/induces many diseases such as indigestion and enteritis. (健康角度)不健康的饮食会倒是肥胖和肠炎等疾病

24.干净的

Clean[kli:n] adj.清洁的, 干净的, 清白的v.打扫, 使干净, 清扫

例句:In the countryside, the air is clean, the food is fresh and the houses are usually spacious with large yards around them. (环境角度)

在农村,空气干净,食物新鲜,房屋宽敞,还有很大的院子。

Neat[ni:t]adj.整洁的, 灵巧的, 优雅的, (酒)纯的, 未搀水的

tidy[ taidi] adj.整齐的, 整洁的vt.弄整齐, 收拾, 整理vi.整理, 收拾

例句:Human beings should live in a neat and tidy space rather than a messy and filthy one.(环境角度)人应该生活在一个整洁,优雅的空间而非凌乱又肮脏的地方。

25.复杂的

complex [ ????●???]adj.复杂的, 合成的, 综合的

complicated [?k?mplikeitid] adj.复杂的, 难解的

sophisticated[s??fistikeitid]adj. .复杂的,诡辩的, 久经世故的

例句:On the other hand, young people still lack adequate experience and skills to cope with/ complex/sophisticated/complicated national problems and international relations. (教育角度)另一方面,年轻人缺乏足够的经验和技巧来处理国家事物和国际关系。

damp[d?mp] n.湿气adj.潮湿的vt.使潮湿

moist[m?ist]adj.潮湿的n.潮湿

wet[wet]adj.湿的, 潮湿的, 有雨的, 多雨的vt.弄湿

例句:The damp/moist/wet weather seriousely affects people’s daily life

潮湿的天气严重地影响了人们的日常生活。.

27.培养

cultivate[?k?ltiveit] vt.培养, 耕作

develop[di?vel?p] vt.发展, 发达, 发扬, 进步, vi.发展, 生长, 发育, 逐步显示出来

educate[?edju(:)keit] vt.教育, 训练, 培养v.教育

foster[?f?st?]vt.养育, 抚育, 培养, 鼓励, 抱(希望) n.养育者, 鼓励者

例句:It seems that the aim of school education is to cultivate/develop/ educate/ foster the tameness of students for society rather than to develop/ educate/ foster the unique minds for the individuals. (教育角度)学校的目标是使得学生对社会顺从而非特立独行。

28. 真实可靠

genuine[?d?enjuin] adj.真实的, 真正的, 诚恳的

例句:All genuine knowledge originates in direct experience. (教育角度)

真知都是从直接经验发源的。

reliable[ri?lai?bl] adj.可靠的, 可信赖的

例句:Most people marry and have children, so they need a steady reliable income because of their family responsibilities. (经济角度)

许多人结婚生子,所以他们需要稳定的收入,因为他们肩负家庭责任。

29. 发明

create[kri:?eit] vt.创造, 创作, 引起, 造成

例句:More interesting and instructive stories should be created for children nowadays. (教育角度)

更多有趣的寓意深刻的故事应该为小朋友们创造出来。

design[di?zain] n.设计, 图案, 企图, 图谋, (小说等的)构思v.设计, 计划, 谋划, 构思

例句:In school teachers can design some creative activities for students to take part in. (教育角度)学校老师可以创造出学生可以参与的有创造性的活动。

invent[in?vent] vt.发明, 创造v.发明

例句:The invention of computer makes people's life more rapid and convenient. (健康角度)电脑的发明使得人们的生活更加便捷。

30. 工具

device[di?vais]n.装置, 设计, 图案, 策略, 发明物, 设备

例句:More and more newly-designed devices appear with the quick advances of high technology. (科技角度)越来越多的新设计的设备都有最新的技术武装

equipment[i?kwipm?nt]n.装备, 设备, 器材, 装置

例句:What is more, there are not any teaching equipments in the schools of far, remote and impoverished areas.(科技角度)在偏远的地区学校缺乏教学设备。

facility[f??siliti]n. 灵巧, 熟练, 便利, 敏捷facilities n. 设备, 工具

例句:Children's facility in language is surprising. (教育角度)儿童的语言学习之快令人惊讶instrument [?instrum?nt] n.工具, 手段, 器械, 器具, 手段

tool[tu:l] n.工具, 用具, 爪牙, 走狗, 手段

例句:English language is the most important instrument or tool in international communication.(教育角度)英语语言是国际交流中最重要的工具。

31.环境

circumstance[?s?:k?mst?ns] n.环境, 详情, 境况

例句:Under the present circumstance, we should not criticize parents if children behave badly. (教育角度)就目前情况,我们不能将孩子的错误行为归谬与家长

condition[k?n?di??n]n.条件, 情形, 环境, 社会地位

例句:Ability is one of the conditions of success in life. (教育角度)

能力是在生活中获得成功的条件。

environment [in?vai?r?nm?nt]n.环境, 外界

例句:The children have a happy environment at school. (教育角度)

孩子们在学校有一个快乐的环境

situation[?sit?u?ei?(?)n] n.情形, 境遇, (建筑物等的)位置

例句:The situation of solving traffic problems /protecting endangered species is very difficult. (环境角度)解决交通问题和保护濒危物种是非常重要的。

32.合适的

appropriate[??pr?upri-it, ??pr?uprieit] adj.适当的

例句:Mandatory retirement is neither appropriate nor fair for some senior citizens nowadays. (权利角度)强制退休对一些高级使命是不合适的也是不公平的。

fit[fit] adj.合适的,健康的, vt. 使适应, 使合格qualified

例句:Some of the returned students are note fit for the job when they come back to work. (教育角度)很多回来的学生返回工作岗位的时候发现适合那份工作。

proper[?pr?p?] adj.适当的, 正确的, 固有的

例句:Proper eating habit is beneficial/profitable to people's health. (健康角度)正确的饮食习惯对健康有利。

33 关于

about[??baut ] prep关于

concerning[k?n?s?:ni?] prep. 就-----而言

in regard to [in]- [ri?gɑ:d]- [tu:, tu, t?] 关于

in relation to[in]- [ri?lei??n]- [tu:, tu, t?]关于

regarding [ri?gɑ:di?]prep.关于,至于

considering[k?n?sid?ri?]prep. 鉴于,考虑到, 顾及

例句:As to children, it is necessary to offer active discussion with their parents on anything concerning / about / in regard to / in relation to / regarding / considering their growth. (教育角度)对孩子而言,和家长交流他们成长的问题很有必要。

34. 大约

approximately[??pr?ksim?tli]adv.近似地, 大约

around[??raund] adv.周围, 四周, 到处, 大约, 左右prep.在...周围, 四处

about[??baut] adv近似地, 大约

roughly[?r?fli] adv.概略地, 粗糙地

例句:The sales of refrigerator have increased to about / around / roughly /approximately 15% since summer began. (经济角度)夏天的冰箱的销售增加了大约15%

35. 害羞的

ashamed [???eimd] adj.----of 惭愧的, 羞耻的

例句:Some people do not feel ashamed of doing something immoral. (情感角度)一些人认为做不道德的事情十分耻辱。

shame [?eim] n.羞耻, 羞愧, 可耻的人(或事物) put ---on sb

例句:Better die with honor than live with shame.(谚语)宁可怀誉而终,不可含耻苟存

shy[?ai] adj.怕羞的, 畏缩的, 害羞的---- of –

例句:Those who are shy of expressing themselves in public are normally lack of confidence. (情感角度)那些羞于言表的人没有自信

36. 能力

capacity[k??p?siti] n.容量, 生产量, 容量, 智能, 才能, 能力, 接受力, 地位

capability[?keip??biliti] n.(实际)能力, 性能, 容量, 接受力

faculty[?f?k?lti] n.才能, 本领, 能力, 全体教员, (大学的)系, 科the faculty of science/arts

例句:Girls have the faculty / capacity / capability to learn languages easily. (教育角度)女孩学习语言的能力更强

creativity [ kri:ei?tiviti] n. 创造力

例句:Wearing uniforms, to some extent, discourages individuality and hinders the development of creativity. (教育角度)穿制服,很大程度上制约了个性和创造力的发展。

37. 禁止

ban[b?n] n.禁令vt.禁止, 取缔(书刊等) --- man cloning

例句:Some people even propose a suggestion that smoking should be banned totally in all public places. (健康角度)

一些人甚至提出了建议:吸烟应该在公共场所完全禁止。

block [bl?k]n.木块, 石块, 块, 街区, 印版, 滑轮, 阻滞, (一)批vt.防碍, 阻塞

例句:Serious insomnia resulted from heavy/intense social stress/pressure may enable people to have a temporary memory block. (情感角度)

由于工作压力社会压力而造成的严重的失眠症可能造成暂时失忆。

forbid[f??bid] vt.禁止, 不许v.禁止forbid sb. to smoke

例句:By this children can work out problems quickly but what they have learned is just typing skills not mathematics' skill, so I think computer should be forbidden/banned. (教育角度)

儿童能快速解决问题,但是他们学到的只是输入技巧而不是数学技能,所以我认为计算机应该被禁止。

prevent[pri?vent] v.防止, 预防prevent...from 阻止...做某事

例句:Censorship prevents children from being polluted by some negative influence. (教育角度)新闻审查防止儿童被消极因素所影响。

prohibit [pr??hibit] vt.禁止, 阻止prohibit sb. from doing sth.

例句:In recent years, students from both primary and middle schools are, for many times,

prohibited from playing video games, but in vain. (教育角度)

最近,中小学生被数次被禁止玩电子游戏,但是徒劳的。

40. 宣布

announce[??nauns] vt.宣布, 通告

例句:Many governments have announced that they would design sets of traffic rules against the .increasing rate of accidents. (1.宾语从句2.法律角度)

许多政府都宣称他们将设计出一系列交通法规来遏制不断上升的犯罪率。

declare[di?kl??]vt.断言, 宣称, 宣布, 宣告, 声明, (向海关)中报进口应纳税之货物

例句:When a stupid man is doing something he is ashamed of, he always declares that it is his duty. (1.时间状语从句2.情感角度)

当一个愚蠢的人在做可耻的事情时,总是宣称那是他的责任。

state[steit] n.情形, 状态, 国家, 政府, 州adj. 国营的, 州的, vt.声明, 陈述, 规定

例句:Tele-education plays an increasingly important role in present/modern education;

therefore, some people state/claim that it is unnecessary to send children to traditional schools for formal education. (教育角度)

远程教育在现在教育中意义非凡,因此,一些人认为没必要把孩子送入传统的学校去接受正式教育。

41. 监督

control[k?n?tr?ul]n.控制, 调节, 抑制, 控制器,vt.控制, 支配, 管理(物价等), 操纵

例句:Unless it gets out of control, a certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and challenge. (1.条件状语从句2.情感角度)

除非你控制不了,一定的压力能为人们提供动力和挑战极其重要。

direct[di?rekt]adj.径直的, 直接的,直率的, adv.直接地vt.指引, 指示, 导演vi.指导, 指向

例句:Almost all the recent criticism from the mass media is directed at the ever increasing rate of unemployment. (就业角度)

近来大众媒体的几乎所有批评都是针对越来越高的失业率。

dominate[?d?mineit] v.支配, 占优势

例句:Moreover, the whole human society seems to have all been dominated by men only.

整个人类社会好像都由男人占据着。

govern[?g?v?n] v.统治, 支配, 管理

例句:The best government is the government which governs least. (名言)

管理最少的政府是最成功的政府。

guide[gaid] n.领路人, 向导, 引导者, 指南vt.指导, 支配, 管理, 带领, 操纵

例句:Parents and teachers should try their best to guide the children, offering advice to children for their study and life. (教育角度)

家长和老师都尽力引导他们的孩子和提供学习和生活上的建议。

lead [li:d] vt.领导vi.领导, (道路等) lead to通向, 导致, n.领先, 铅take lead in

例句:Many people in Africa still lead an impoverished life. (经济角度)

许多非洲的人仍然过着贫苦的生活。

monitor[?m?nit?] n.班长, 监听器, 监视器, 监控器vt.监控

例句:Whether monitors/cameras should be fixed/installed in public still remains a controversial issue. (权利角度)是否在公共地区安装摄像头引起了许多争议。

rule[ru:l] n.规则, 惯例, 统治, 章程,准则, 标准vt.规定, 统治, 支配, 裁决

例句:Whatever we do, we should never let our heads rule our hearts. (情感角度)

不管我们做什么,都不能让我们的头脑支配我们的内心。

regulate[?regjuleit] vt.管制, 控制, 调节, 校准

例句:Now all our free time is regulated by TV, which is called idiot box. (1.非限定性定语从句2.教育角度)

现在我们所有的自由时间都由电视这个白痴盒子支配着。

42. 可能

likely[?laikli] adj.很可能的, 合适的, 可靠的, 有希望的adv.或许, 很可能

例句:Modern technology is likely to produce various ecological disasters. (科技角度)现在的技术可能产生生态灾难

maybe[?meibi:] adv.大概, 或许n.疑虑

perhaps[p??h?ps]adv.或许, 多半

例句:Perhaps/maybe a comparison of gambling with dueling will help us see why gambling is evil. (情感角度)可能赌博和争斗将比能让我们看清为什么赌博是邪恶的。

43. 普遍的

popular[?p?pjul?] adj.通俗的, 流行的, 受欢迎的

例句:Nowadays raising pets such as dogs and cats is becoming more popular in big cities. (情感角度)最近养宠物在大城市变得流行。

universal[?ju:ni?v?:s?l] adj.普遍的, 全体的, 通用的, 宇宙的, 世界的

例句:Personal computers are of universal interest; everyone is learning how to use them. (教育角度)个人电脑具有广泛的好处,每个人都在学习使用电脑。

widespread[?waidspred]adj.分布广泛的, 普遍的widespread attraction广泛注意

例句:There is a widespread belief that abortion damages/endangers women's health. (健康角度)

大家都认为堕胎对女性健康不利。

44. 下面

below[bi?l?u]prep.在...下面, adv.在下, 在页底

例句:People should not feel ashamed to ask and learn from people below. (教育角度)不耻下问。

beneath[bi?ni:θ] adv.在...之下prep.在...之下

例句:Beneath this surface calm are unresolved conflicts. (权利角度)

表面平静的背后隐藏着悬而未决的冲突。

under [??nd?] adv.在下面prep.在...的下面

例句:Many people living under poverty line suffer greatly from starvation and exposure. (经济角度)许多生活在贫困线一下的人们保守饥寒交迫的痛苦。

45. 热情

crazy[?kreizi]adj. 狂热

例句:An increasing number of young people are crazy about going abroad for their further study today. (情感角度)大批年轻人正梦想着出国深造

emotional[i?m?u??n?l]adj. 情绪, 情感, 感情

例句:During children's growth, we should monitor the physical and emotional development of the children. (教育角度)在孩子成长的时候我们应该监视他们的身心发展。

enthusiastic[in?θju:zi??stik] adj. 狂热, 热心, 积极性, 激发热情的事物

例句:Though too old to work much, retired workers can be very enthusiastic about public affairs. (情感角度)

尽管年龄的关系不能再工作地那么多,退休工人对公共事物的热情不减。

passionate[?p???nit]adj. 激情, 热情

例句:Good teaching method and style can arouse student's passionate interest. (教育角度)好的教育方法和风格让学生热情

46. 杀

kill[kil]v.杀害

例句:The high rate of car accidents kills considerable number of innocent citizens. (犯罪角度)交通事故的高发生率葬送了无数无辜的生命。

murder[?m?:d?]n.谋杀, 凶杀vt.谋杀, 凶杀v.谋杀

例句:Extremely imbalanced educational systems all over the world have murdered numerous geniuses.

(社会角度)

极端不平衡的体制扼杀了许多天才。

suicide[?su:isaid] n.自杀, 自毁, 给自己带来伤害或损失的行为

例句:It is reported that some overseas students even want to commit suicide since they can not adapt themselves to the life abroad and suffer from great academic pressure. (1.主语从句2.教育角度)

一些海外学子甚至想自杀,仅仅因为他们无法适应国外的生活,并且又有学术压力。

assassinate[??s?sineit]vt.暗杀, 行刺

例句:As we know, the leader of nonviolence movement was assassinated .

众所周知,非暴力不抵抗的运动的领袖是被暗杀的。

47. 职业

career[k??ri?] n.(原意:道路, 轨道)事业, 生涯

例句:Mothers can concentrate on their work and advance their careers, which is also helpful to the social development. (1.非限定性定语从句2.权利角度)

母亲可以专注于工作和事业,这也有利于社会发展。

occupation[??kju?pei??n]n.职业, 占有, 占有(房屋等)期间

profession[pr??fe??n] n.职业, 专业, 表白, 宣布

例句:We are aware that in today's world many professions/occupation/career require years of specialized training. (教育角度)

我们认识到当今社会的许多职业需要多年的专业训练。

48. 原谅

excuse[ik?skju:z] vt.原谅, 申辩, n.饶恕, 致歉, 理由,借口

forgive[f??giv]vt.原谅, 饶恕, 宽免(某人)之债务

例句:We'll never forgive/excuse the person for what he has done wrong to people.

我们绝不原谅人民的罪人。

pardon [?pɑ:d?n] vt.原谅, 宽恕n.原谅, 宽恕

例句:We must learn to pardon young people for their little faults. (情感角度)我们应当宽恕犯错的年轻人。

49. 结合

connect[k?n?nekt]v.连接, 联合, 关连

link[li?k] n.链环, 连结物, 火把, 链接vt.连结, 联合vi.连接起来

例句:Studies indicate/reveal that there is a definite link/connection between smoking and some serious diseases such as lung cancer and heart disease. (1.宾语从句2.健康角度)研究显示在吸烟和肺炎心脏病之间有必然联系。

unify[?ju:nifai] vt.统一, 使成一体

combine[k?m?bain] v.(使)联合, (使)结合--- with n.联合企业, 联合收割机n.联合收割机

例句:A good head and a good heart are always a formidable combination. (名言)心神具坚,天下无敌。

integrate[?intigreit] vt.使成整体, 使一体化, 求...的积分v.结合

例句:University teachers ought to integrate all the children into society. (教育角度)教师们正设法使所有的孩子都以与社会融为一体。

associate[??s?u?ieit] vt.使发生联系, vi.交往, 结交----with adj.副的---- professor

例句:Parents and teachers should encourage children to associate much with their peers. (教育角度)家长和老师应鼓励孩子们同同龄人多接触。

50. 吸收

absorb[?b?s?:b] vt.吸收, 吸引

例句:The best way to preserve our cultural heritage is to absorb the essence and discard the dregs. (教育角度)保护文化遗产的最好方式去取其精华去其糟粕。

digest[di?d?est] n.分类, 摘要Reader's Digest vt.消化, 融会贯通

例句:The food with much fat and high calorie can not digest easily, which directly contributes to obesity/overweight. (1.非限定性定语从句2.健康角度)

有大量脂肪和高热量的食物不容易消化,他们直接导致肥胖。

51预定

book[buk] n.书, 书籍, 卷, 篇, 帐簿, 名册, 工作簿v.登记, 预订

例句:Whether electronic books can replace printed books is not clear yet, but it is an inevitable trend of history. (社会角度)

电子书真能代替纸质书吗?我们不能否认这是个趋势。

order [??:d?] n.次序, 顺序, 正常(工作)状态,命令, 定购, 定单vt.命令, 定购, 定制

例句:Maintaining public order is the government's primary/major task/duty. (权利角度)维护公共秩序是政府的主要任务。

reserve[ri?z?:v]n.储备(物), 储藏量, 预备队vt.储备, 保存, 保留, 预定, 预约

52. 检查

examine[ig?z?min] v.检查, 调查, 考试

例句:Without formal examinations, it will be hard for universities to select qualified candidate/students. (教育角度)没有正式的考核,大学难以挑选合格的人才。

inspect[in?spekt] vt.检查, 视察v.检查

例句:An inspection of fake products must be executed by the concerned organizations so as

to make people have a healthy life. (健康角度)

假冒商品的检查必须由相关组织执行,让老百姓过上健康生活。

investigate[in?vestigeit] v.调查, 研究

survey[?s?:vei] n.测量, 调查, 概观, 视察vt.调查(收入,民意等) 测量

例句:The latest survey /investigation shows that 9% of the teenagers is overweight. (1.宾语从句2. 健康角度)最新的研究数据表明:9%的年轻人超重

53. 奉献

contribute[k?n?tribju:t] v.捐助, 捐献, 贡献, 导致----to

例句:Tobacco industry contributes a lot to the government's tax income. (经济角度)烟草公演为政府贡税巨大。

dedicate [?dedikeit]vt.献(身), 致力, 题献(一部著作给某人) ---to

例句:The aged people have dedicated a lot to the society and they should deserve a good reward of rest. (权利角度)上了年纪的人投身于社会应得到好的报偿

devote [di?v?ut] vt.投入于, 献身---to

例句:More funds should be devoted to the conservation of freshwater resources and endangered species. (环境角度)

许多资金应该投入保护淡水资源和保护濒危物种。

sacrifice[?s?krifais]n.牺牲, 献身, 祭品, 供奉v.牺牲, 献出, 献祭, 供奉---to

例句:It is inevitable for urbanization to bring us some sacrifice like the alienation of ourselves from nature. (环境角度)城市化让我们逐渐远离自然是种必然。

54. 发誓, 答应-----

commit [k??mit] vt.犯(错误), 干(坏事), 把...交托给, 提交, 答应负责---to

例句:The number of white-collar workers who commit suicide rises with the increasingly intensive social competition. (1.定语从句2. 心理角度)

自杀白领数量的增加与日益激烈的社会竞争有关。

pledge [pled?] n. 保证, 誓言, vt.保证, 使发誓

例句:

promise [?pr?mis] vt.允诺, 答应n.允诺, 答应, 许诺

swear [swe?] vi.诅咒v.宣誓, 发誓

undertake[??nd??teik]vt.承担, 担任, 许诺, 保证v.采取

例句:Those people who seek truth undertake an arduous journey and never be sure that they

will find it. (1.定语从句2.情感角度)

那些寻求真理的人在这一漫长的旅程中也不能确定就一定能找到答案。

55. 征服

conquer[?k??k?]vt.征服, 战胜, 占领, 克服(困难等)

例句:Modern medical science has conquered many diseases. (健康角度)

当代医学战胜了许多疾病。

defeat[di?fi:t] n.击败, 战胜, 失败vt.击败, 战胜, 使失败, 挫折v.击败

例句:Anyone who has a strong will can not easily be defeated. (1.定语从句2.情感角度)志者不败。

overcome [??uv??k?m]vt.战胜, 克服, 胜过, 征服vi.得胜

例句:A responsible government should use limited funds to help the disadvantaged(弱势群体) to overcome poverty. (社会角度)

负责的政府应当用有限的资金帮助弱势群体来克服贫困。

56. 激发

motivate[?m?utiveit]v.激发

例句:In this kind of classes, in which heated debates are conducted, students often find out they are motivated by the pleasure of study. (1.非限定性定语从句2.教育角度)

在这种班级,激烈的讨论会是学生因学习的压力得到动力。

stimulate[?stimjuleit] vt.刺激, 激励v.刺激, 激励

例句:A good balance of the two sexes can stimulate/spur students' zest for study in a rather miraculous way. (教育角度)两性之间的平衡能微妙地促进学生学习的热情

57.残忍的

cruel[?kru:?l]adj.残酷的, 悲惨的, 使痛苦的

例句:Doing experiments on animals is cruel and inhuman. (道德角度)

做动物实验是残忍的不人道的

fierce [fi?s] adj.凶猛的, 猛烈的, 热烈的, <英方>精力旺盛的

例句:Nowadays young people face fierce competition and suffer from great life pressure. (心理角度)目前年轻人面对的剧烈的竞争,遭受着巨大的生活压力

58.. 提高

boost[bu:st]v.推进

例句:More public activities should be sponsored by the government to boost public awareness of environmental protection. (环境角度)

许多公众活动应该得到正度的资助,来促进公众的环境保护意识。

enhance[in?hɑ:ns] vt.提高, 增强v.提高

例句:The adoption of school uniform policies can promote school safety, improve discipline,

and enhance the learning environment. (教育角度)

学校的同意规定能保证学校的安全,改善纪律和加强学习环境。

increase[in?kri:s]n.增加, 增大, 增长vt.增加, 加大vi.增加

例句:Farmers use all sort of fertilizers and pesticides to increase yield, which poses potential

risks to human health. (1.非限定性定语从句2.健康角度)

农民用各种化肥和杀虫剂来增加出产,这对人类健康有潜在危险。

push[pu?]n.推, 推动, 奋发, 干劲, 进取心, 攻击vt.推, 推动, 推行, 逼迫, 增加

例句:The road to success is filled with women pushing their husbands along. (情感角度)

成功的道路充满妻子对丈夫的亲切鼓励。

raise[rez, reiz] n.上升, 高地, 提出vt.升起, 唤起, 提高, 使出现, 饲养, 筹集,

例句:Government should make efforts to raise people's living standard and never lavishes

the limited government revenue. (经济角度)

政府需要作出努力来提高人民的生活水平,不要吝啬政府财政。

59. 减少

decline[di?klain]vi.下倾, 下降v.拒绝, 衰落n.下倾, 下降,斜面, 衰败, 衰落

decrease[di?kri:s]n.减少, 减少之量v.减少

reduce[ri?dju:s] vt.减少, 缩小, 简化, 还原

shrink [?ri?k] v.收缩, (使)皱缩, 缩短

例句:We can see from the curve chart that the consumption of refrigerator has declined/

decreased/ reduced/ shrunk to 10% since summer started. (1.宾语从句2.经济角度)

我们能看到该曲线表明入夏以来并向销售增加了10%

60. 出版物

journal[?d??:n?l] n.定期刊物, 杂志, 航海日记, 分类账

magazine[?m?g??zi:n]n.杂志, 期刊, 军火库, 弹药库

newspaper[?nju:s?peip?] n.报纸

例句:There are many contradictory articles about the same issue in journals/magazines/newspapers, which makes people greatly confused. (教育角度)

在报刊杂志上关于同一社会话题经常有许多相互矛盾的的文章,人们对此深感迷惑。

同义词词汇表

同义词词汇表 写在前面的话 各位亲,你们都是优秀的,因为你们正在奋力实现自己的梦想。 当然,一路上你们需要劈荆斩棘,听说读写,各有难处。对于托福阅读来,难就难在词汇要求高。单词不是万能,但不背单词万万不能。阅读题目中约有1/4 是单词题,因此想要驾驭托福阅读,一定要搞定单词题。而且面对这些题目时,最好做到秒杀它,这样才能有余裕处理其它较复杂阅读题目。那么如何秒杀?我们先来了解一个事实:新托福考试自2005年问世以来,考重题的概率已经达到了惊人的程度,一些词汇题也多有重复。因此要想秒杀,我们可以事先牢记历史上考过的词汇。但不用紧张,这些词汇的总数并不多,而且大部分收录于本手册中,共计20页左右,供亲们短期强化记忆。路遥费马力,一鼓作气,再而竭,三而衰,建仪大家短期内过完一遍,然后重复重复再重复,在读文章中重复,在做题目中重复。如此操作,定能在词汇题上所向披靡! 另外,除准备词汇题外,该手册还有一重要作用─准备同义替换。我们再了解一个事实:阅读题目的选项通常都是对原文某句话的同义改写,即同样的意思,不同的表达。因此,对于这种换了马甲的答案,我们一定要能洞穿其本质没变。如何洞穿?熟悉常见的同义替换词组就是一个好方法。但是对于一些词汇间的本质联系,亲们可能理解上有些困惑,若有此种情况,强烈建议使用美国的麦克米兰词典,该词典用2000左右的基础词汇解释了所有的高级词汇, 何其牛尔! 最后建议在平日做题时,若有词汇题错误,或者理解错误,不妨纳入那手册,集中记忆,为熟手尔!手册中难免有纰漏,请大家当当啄木鸟,指正错误, 共同完善它。 期望大家托福阅读取得好成绩,托福取得好成绩!

A 1.absorb=take in=assimilate=incorporate(incorporate sth into sth)吸收 incorporate=embrace=include 包括(反义:exclude, rule out, remove, preclude)2.appealing=attractive=compelling=inviting=tempting=popular 吸引的 (appeal为名词时=popularity;beckon= attract 吸引) 3.absorbed=engrossed=fully engaged in 全神贯注=be not absent 4.abundant =abound with=a number of=do not lack=myriad of 大量的 5.accommodate=provide with=endow with 给予 6.accommodate to = adapt to=be accustomed to= 适应( gear 表示使适合) 7.accumulate=collect= build up= amass= gather 累积(增加)=increase (augment= increase 扩大) 8.adherent=advocate=supporter 支持者,拥护者 9.adjacent (to)=nearby=neighboring=adjoining 相邻的 10.advent=arrival=coming=introduction of sth 到来,引入 11.affair = event= occasion =matter=episode事情,事件 12.akin to=similar to=alike= analogous 相类似的(等于动词resemble) 13.allocate=distribute =designate 分配,指定钱或人如何使用 14.almost=nearly=virtually 几乎(程度之深) 15.aloft=overhead=above (在…上面) 16.alter=change=transform=fluctuate= be unstable 变化,不稳定(convert 使转变) be stable=do not change 17.anticipate= expect 期望,预料 18.antiseptic= sterilized=clean 无菌的,干净的 19.antithesis=oppose=disagree with= disapprove of 反对,不同意 20.apparent=obvious=evident明显A is made evident by B= B show A (in evidence=evident: It was early, and few pedestrians were in evidence on the city streets) 21.appreciable= noticeable=striking =conspicuous 显而易见的 22.approach= come closer to 靠近 23.approach= means= method=manner=avenue 方法, 方式 24.article=item=object 物品 25.assertion=strong statement 断言 26.as a rule=usually=generally 通常,一般来说 27.assorted=various 各种各样的 28.assist=benefit=help= aid=favor 对什么有好处或帮助( benefit 有时 =boon=favor, boon=something useful that brings great benefits and make your life easier) 29.attribute=characteristic=feature=trait=property=hallmark 特点,特征( 请注意: character表个性,人物;be c haracterized by…具有…的特点) 30.attribute to= ascribe to =accredit to=due to= owe to 归因于… ------------------------------------

同义词

同 义 词 、 反 义 词 对 比 练习

1. 将下面的单词组成12对反义词: brilliant, domestic, decrease, superb, diverse, suspect, ancient, presence, foreign, abundant, awkward, ,anxiety disadvantage,rare, foolish, unitary, trust, modern, absence, skillful, awful, advantage, increase, leisure 参考答案 2. 以下20个词分别可以组成5对反义词和5对同义词,请找出来。 idealistic, emotion, proceed, exhaustic, private, favorable, enormous, equal, agreement, public, appreciate,supportive, realistic, fair, reason, suspend, understand, huge, contradiction, energetic 参考答案 3. 找出A组与B组中对应的同义词并连接起来 A B acute support restless ability abrupt sharp interaction transfer convention value assess communication competence offensive fulfill quiet 参考答案 sponsor custom remove satisfy

国家省公务员考试行测题-言语理解高频词汇同义词相近词分析

言语理解高频词汇 词表(一)近义词辩析与误用 词语的感情色彩 感情色彩是指词语中蕴涵着对人或者对事物的感情褒贬和态度差异。题目中现有的句子会给我们提供一定的语境,它一方面限定了空白处需要的词语意义,另一方面也能帮助我们判断作者的感情褒贬和态度差异,据此可以作为我们选择有感情色彩差异词语的根据。 1 .不耻VS不齿 不耻:指不以……为羞耻,多用于“不耻下问”中,表示积极的感情色彩。 不齿:指难以启齿,不愿提到,表示鄙视义,表示消极的感情色彩。【误用】那些热衷于个人或小团体的实惠,甚至见利忘义、损人利己的人,不仅为正人君子所不耻,还可能滑向犯罪的深渊。 【纠错】根据上下文意,句中所要表达的意义应是消极色彩的,因此应当选用“不齿” 一词,而不是“不耻”。 2.沟通vs勾通 沟通:指使彼此通连、相通,如“沟通思想”“文化沟通”等,表示中性的感情色彩。 勾通:指相互串通、勾结,多是为了进行某种不正当的活动而暗中串通,带有强烈的消极色彩,如“勾通土匪”等。 【误用】由于各部门之间为了自己的利益互相倾轧,相互之间缺乏勾通,结果导致整个公司最终走向了破产。

精品文档 1欢並下载 【纠错】“勾通” 一词具有强烈的消极色彩,而句子中并不需要表达这样的色彩,因此应该将“勾通”改为“沟通”。 3.滥觞VS泛滥 滥觞:原指江河发源之地的水非常浅,可以浮起酒杯(觞),后来比喻事物的源起、开始,是中性色彩。 泛滥:本来的意思是江河之中的水过多溢出,后来用于比喻错误思想的流散,带有消极色彩。 【误用】在国民党反动派的策划下,各种各样的反共思想一时间开始滥觞,使得整个革命形势急转直下。 【纠错】“反共思想”显然是一种错误的思想,因此在表达其流散时,应该使用表达消极色彩的“泛滥”,而不是中性色彩的“滥觞”,而且“滥觞” 一词只具有起源、开始的意思,也不适宜用于句中。 4.聆听VS倾听 聆听:指虔诚而认真地听取,带有尊敬的色彩,因此一般表示下级听取上级的意见、报告等。 倾听:指细心地听取,表示中性的色彩。 【误用】知名作家周国平莅临北京市第二中学,师生们有幸倾听了周国平先生题为“拥有心智生活”的精彩报告。 【纠错】师生听周国平先生的报告,应该带有一种尊敬的情感,所以用“聆听”更为合适。 5.谋取VS牟取 谋取:指想办法获取,是一个中性词。所以法律条文中常用“谋取”,因为其语言不能具有感情色彩。

雅思同义词替换总结(加分词汇,短语互译)

核心动词: 1.想,认为 think,hold,argue,concede,assert,deem,consider,believe,maitain, 2深思熟虑,仔细考虑 ponder,deliberate,meditate,comteplate,reflect 3.培养 cultivate,foster,nurture,nourish 4.加强,巩固 strengthen,sonsolidate,reinforce, 5.显示,表明 manifest, display,show,reveal,present,suggest,demonstrate,indicate,illustrate,re flect 6.确认,证实 verify, confirm, establish,affirm 7.断言,宣称 declare,claim,allege,assert,state 8.支持,维护,拥护 support,maitain,uphold,approve,advocate,champion 9.反对 oppose,be against,disagree,disapprove,object to 10.解决(问题,麻烦)

solve,tackle,combat,address,resovle,cope with,settle 11.导致,引发,引起 give rise to,trigger,spark,lead to,bring about,result in, 12.建议,提议 suggest,recommend,urge,propose,advise,put forward, 13.阻止,阻碍,限制 prevcnt, deter,jeopardize,restrain,confine (to),restrict,refrain,limit 14.影响 have effect on, affect,influence,have an impact on,sway 15.增长,发展,提高 increase,rise,develop,enhance,improve,advance,upgrade,raise,facilita te,boost,promote 16.下降,减少 decrease,decline,fall,drop,slump 17.实现,完成 fulfil,realize,achieve,accomplish,attain 18.提供,给予 supply,provide,perform…for,offer,yield 19.占。。。(百分比) take up,amount to,account for,reach 20.适应

高考英语阅读、写作中同义词替换

问题Problem: issue, dilemma 会议Meeting: conference, discussion 学习Study: application, consideration 好处Advantage: benefit, dominance , profit 坏处Disadvantage: inconvenience, drawback ,harm , bad side 男子 male ,man, guy 女子 female , woman , lady 注意力 eyes ,attention, fame 目的 purpose , intention , goal , aim 规则 principle,rule, 形容词/副词 重要的Important: essential, significant, play a pushing role, fundamental 大的Big: massive, enormous 许多many: numerous, infinite 永远forever (adv): everlasting, undying 小的Small: minimum, diminutive 好的Good: marvelous, gorgeous, awesome 坏的Bad: awful, terrible, imperfect 聪明的Clever: brilliant, knowledgeable 开心地Happy: delightful, delectable 漂亮的Beautiful: charming, attractive, engaging 快的Fast:swift, rapid, speedy 容易的Easy: simple, effortless 清楚的Clear: obvious, apparent 困难的Difficult: complicated, complex 生气的Angry: annoyed, displeased 危险的Dangerous: perilous, breakneck 特别的 special , particularly , stand out, 基本的 basic , essential 昂贵的 expensive ,not cheap , costly 特别的 special , unique , main feature , particular, stand out 尴尬的 awkward, embarassing 逐渐地 slowly , gradually , not rapidly , not sharply , not quickly 满意的 content ,satisfied 支持的 supportive, positive , approving , backing , in favor of , stand by 不确定的 uncertain , unclear 怀疑的 doubtful, puzzled 反对的 disapproving , negative , disappointed , unfavorable , opposed to 焦虑的 worried , anxious , trembling 连词篇:(介词,副词) 首先Firstly: previously, beforehand, fundamentally, to begin with 其次Then: afterward, what is more, furthermore

同义词

同义词 一种语言的词汇中词义相同、相近或有部分词义相同、相近的词。 初、哉、首、基、肇、祖、元、胎、俶、落、权舆,始也 。《尔雅·释诂》 1.古文中同义词经常对举连用,意义无别。 称、道、述—— 上称帝喾,下道齐桓,中述汤武。(《屈原列传》) 知其不足称也。《国语·晋语》 万户侯岂足道哉!《史记·李将军列传》 诸侯朝于天子曰述职。《孟子》 2、对举时意义不同。 A.沐、浴—— 新沐者必弹冠,新浴者必振衣。《史记·屈原列传》 沐,濯发也。(《说文解字》) 浴,洒身也。(《说文解字》) 虽有恶人,齐戒沐浴,则可以祀上帝。《孟子·离娄下》B.切、磋—— 如切如磋,如琢如磨。《诗经·卫风》 诗毛传:治骨曰切,象曰磋,玉曰琢,石 曰磨。”辨析同义词的差别,可以对古书理解得更加透彻。 A.疾、病—— 管仲有疾,桓公往问之,曰:“仲父之疾病矣,将何以教寡人?”(《吕氏春秋·知接》) 子疾病,子路请祷。(《论语·述而》) 君之疾在腠里,不治将恐深。……君之病在肠胃,不治将益深。《韩非子·喻老》 B.招、召—— 范增起,出,召项庄,谓曰:“君王为人不忍,若入前为寿,寿毕,请以剑舞,因击沛公于坐,杀之。”(《史记·项羽本纪》) 坐须臾,沛公起如厕,因招樊哙出。(《项羽本纪》) 故言有召辱也,行有招祸也。《荀子·劝学》C.粮、食—— 饭疏食,饮水,曲肱而枕之,乐亦在其中矣。(《论语·述而》)子在陈绝粮,从者病。(《论语·卫灵公》) 居则无食,行则无粮。(《汉书·严助传》) D.哭、泣、号—— 有妇人哭于墓者而哀。《礼记·檀弓》 哭,哀声也。《说文》 持其踵为之泣。《战国策·触龙赵太后》 夜久语声绝,如闻泣幽咽。杜甫《石壕吏》 号呼而转徙,饥渴而顿 踣。《捕 蛇者说》 如何辨析同义词 一、从历史的角度看,注意词义的时代性。 1.在一定的历史时期,原为同义词,后来逐渐变得不同义了。 A.行、道—— 女执懿筐,遵彼微行,爰求柔桑。(《诗经·豳风·七月》) 纠纠葛屦,可以履霜?佻佻公子,行彼周行。(《诗经·小雅·大东》)道听而途说。《论语·阳货》 从此道至吾军,不过二十里耳。《史记·项羽本纪》B.后、君—— 其南陵,夏后皋之墓也。(《左传·僖公三十二年》)惜三后之纯粹兮,固众芳之所在。(《离骚》) 2、原来不是同义词,后来发展成同义词。 A.恨、怨——夫秦王之暴,而积怨于燕,足为寒心。(《战国策·燕策》)

含近义词词语

含近义词词语 导读:近义词,是指词汇意义相同或相近的词语,如“美好”和“美妙”、“懒惰”和“怠惰”、“枯萎”和“干枯”、“宽敞”和“宽阔”。与“近义词”意思相近的词为同义词。 含近义词词语大全(一) 层峦叠嶂心烦意乱崇山峻岭奇形怪状惊涛骇 浪 装模作样摇头晃脑文丛字顺改朝换代通风报 信 能说会道甜言蜜语分门别类追根究底虚情假 意 幸灾乐祸通情达理丰功伟绩歪门邪道生擒活 捉 离乡背井豪言壮语汪洋大海琼浆玉液斩尽杀 绝 深思熟虑真凭实据灵丹妙药凶神恶煞心满意 足 街头巷议翻山越岭精雕细刻生拉硬扯琼楼玉 宇 风言风语全心全意必恭必敬呆头呆脑多才多 艺

独来独往暴饮暴食非亲非故怪模怪样诚惶诚恐 敢作敢为古色古香戒骄戒躁尽善尽美见仁见智 克勤克俭疑神疑鬼偏听偏信倾国倾城群策群力 如痴如醉如火如荼任劳任怨十全十美土生土长 同心同德先知先觉各种各样载歌载舞无忧无虑 无边无际无影无踪不卑不亢不慌不忙不屈不挠 不伦不类自吹自擂一朝一夕一针一线五湖四海 朝三暮四四分五裂丢三落四四平八稳五颜六色 七拼八凑七嘴八舌五光十色千娇百媚千呼万唤 千丝万缕千头万绪千军万马千真万确千差万别 千变万化前因后果千山万水东倒西歪南征北

战 含近义词词语大全(二) 安魂定魄:魂、魄:人的灵气、精神。指使人心安定。 卑身贱体:①谓俭约勤苦。②弯腰俯首,屈从奉迎。 察颜观色:观察别人的脸色,以揣摩其心意。 赤身裸体:赤:光着。大部分身体或全身裸露。 道尽途穷:道、途:路。走到路的尽头。形容无路可走,面临末日。 丢魂失魄:形容非常惊慌,没头脑,无主见。 斗怪争奇:指以奇怪取胜。:含近义词的`成语 端本正源:端:端正,清理。本:根本。源:根源。指从根本上加以整顿清理。 关门闭户:门户都关闭起来。形容冷清寥落。 喊冤叫屈:为遭受冤屈而喊叫。 呼朋唤友:指招引意气相投的人。 秽言污语:指粗俗下流、不堪入耳的话。 积年累岁:指经过的时间长。同“积年累月”。 家家户户:每家每户。指所有的人家。 街号巷哭:号哭于大街小巷。形容悲痛至极。 街谈巷说:大街小巷里人们的议论。指民间的舆论。同“街谈巷议”。

阅读理解同义词转换

阅读理解必备之同意转换(部分) 同意转换在阅读理解中非常重要,往往能快速决定一道题的答案,先给出部分以引导大家复习词汇的方向,其余陆续贴出. apart from-----except ,in addition to proponent------sponsor ,supporter free from ------without question --------challenge ,defy precision--------accuracy, exact tilt ---------slope ,lean toward one side cater to ------fit suit personal-------individual, private eventually-----finally by virtue of------due to, owing to possess ----------own, share postpone---------delay

outweigh----------surpass proof ------evidence enhance-----------strengthen advance ----------raise , move forward identify--------recognize rash ----------increase ,large number debate---------controversy condition-------control, influence allegiance--------loyalty abandon--------give up ,desert superficial--------not deep ,on the surface absorb ---------take in, comprehend temporary----------short termed coordinated----------cooperative hazard --------danger

同义词

导致,引起,为了,造成… cause, lead to, result in, reason for, engender,evoke,generate bring to/about, give rise to 为了:aim at, in order to ,with the aim of In a gesture to do, in an attempt to do, in an effort to do 由于,因为 because (of), due to, as a result of, result from, on account of, owing to, attribute sth to,ascribe sth to 问题 drawback/weakness/ flaw/ weak point/shortcoming/

negative/ limitation/disadvantage 顾客 Shopper/customer/buyer/consumer 卖家 Seller/dealer/salesperson 货物 Items/goods/purchases/the things we ordered/products 买 Buy/order/purchase/come across/pick up 数字 Number/figure/data/statistics/informati on

增加 Increase/rise/grow/climb/mount/rocket/ boost/climb/ascend/surge/ shoot up 减少 Decrease/decline/fall/lessen/drop/redu ce/diminish/descend/plunge 变化 Vary/fluctuate/rise and fall/wave/ go up and down 不变 Remain steady/stable/unchanging/fixed 达到 Reach/approach/add up to/amount

考研词汇 同义词替换

考研英语常见同义词替换 1、繁荣:be prosperous、flourish、revival boom(繁荣)→loom(朦胧)→gloom(忧郁,阴暗)→doom(末日) 2、强调,重视:stress、highlight、emphasize、underline(区别underlie位于…之下,成为…基础) 3、合适的:fit、suitable、proper、appropriate 4、允许:permit、permission、allow(注意:allowance表示津贴) 同意:agree、consent(to介)、there is an agreement达成一致 5、改革:reform、revolution 6、创新,创造:devise、innovate 7、满足:content(be content with) 8、高兴的:happy、light-hearted、joyful、relived、pleased、pleasure、delighted、cheerful 9、平等的:unbiased、impartial、equal 10、等同于:be identified with、be equivalent to 11、满足meet,satisfy,cater to; 12、喜欢:prefer、favor、like、be fond of、enjoy、be keen on 13、有利的:beneficial(be~to) 14、体贴的:considerate、thoughtful、understanding Be~of sb某人很体贴 15、明确的:clear、obvious、implicit 16、明显:obvious、apparent(区别:transparent透明的、坦率的)、conspicuous显著的、明显的 17、合格的:eligible、qualified 18、谨慎的careful,discreet,prudent,cautious; 19、表扬:praise、commend、compliment Command:指挥、命令 Comment:评论 20、聚精会神做be absorbed in doing,be immersed in doing,be occupied with,focus on, concentrate on 21、帮助:help、assist、aid 22、保护:protect、guard、safeguard、defend(defendant辩护,被告)、shield Protect/shield/guard A from B保护A免受B受害 23、鼓励:cheer、encourage 24、加强:promote、facilitate、enhance、strengthen、reinforce 25、赶上:catch up with、keep up with 26、提升:lift、elevate、promote 27、精确(n.):accuracy、precision 28、谨慎:prudent、cautious 29、公平:fairness、impartial 30、慷慨:generous、charitable 31、有希望的:promising、hopeful、brightening 32、延长:prolong、extend、lengthen 33、严格的:strict、rigid、rigorous 34、严重的:serious,acute,severe,aggravated 灵活的:flexible 可行的:feasible、viable 35、坚持:cling to、stick to 36、流行的:popular、pervasive、prevail(动词)、prevalent

托福阅读同义词替换

e n d u r in g =l a st in g p r e v a il in g =g e n e r a lly a c c e p te d i n c r e d i b l e =im p os s ib l e to b e l ie ve o b s o le te =ou t o f d a te s u it a b l e =a pp r o pr i a te a m b i t i ou s=im pr e ss iv e b u t d i ff i c u lt t o a c h ie ve t a k e pr e c e d e n c e o ve r=h a v e g r e a te r i m p o r t an c e t h an s u r pl u s= e x c e ss q u an t it y e x hi b it s= d is p l ay s e m b od y= in c or p o r ate u l ti m ate l y =e v e n tu all y v i r tu a ll y= N e ar l y s u s p e n d e d=f l o at in g r e p le n i s he d= r e s t or e d d r am at i c =st r ik in g d i st in c t i on= d i f f e r e n c e r a pp o r t= b on d t h r i ll= e x c it e m e n t v i t a l it y= e n e r g y s pe c i f ie d= s t ate d f o c u se d =c o n c e n tr a te d i m m in e n t=ab ou t to h a p p e n r e fi n e m e n t= i m p r o ve m e n t s c at te r e d= w i d e ly se p a r at e d s pe c u l ate s=p u t s f or w a r d as a p o s si b il i ty t r e m e n d ou s= e n or m o u s h e n c e= t he r e f or e i m p l e m e n t =pu t i n t o e f fe c t p a r t i c u la r ly= e sp e c ial l y s c ar c e =s h or t in su pp l y p r in c i p a l l y = m a in l y c on tr o ve r s i a l =pr o d u c in g d i s ag r e e m e n t i n d u c e= c au se t he f or m at i on o f f u e l s =pr o v id e s e n e r g y f or i n e v it a b le= c e r t a in a c c o r d in g l y= c or r e s p o n d in g ly c lu s te r= g r o u p e n o r m ou s =hu g e p r e su m a b l y= i t is r e a s o n a b le to a s su m e p e r t in e n t =r e le v an t s u b d u e= d e f e at c o in c i d e s w it h=oc c u r s at t he s am e t im e as j u s ti f y= p r o v id e a r at i on a l b as i s f o r p r om o te d= e n c o u r ag e d h i e r a r c h ic a l =h a v in g s e ve r a l le ve ls o f a u t h or it y c on s ti tu e n t s= c om p on e n t s e x c a v at e d= d u g fr om t he g r ou n d c h a r ac t e r is t ic= t y p i c a l a l t e r at i on= m od i f ic at i on h e n c e f or t h =f r om t hi s t im e on o b l ig e d=fo r c e d l a u n c h e d= s t ar te d e n su r e =g u ar an te e i n c i te d=st im u l a te d s u b s ta n t i a l =c on s i d e r a b le o u twe i g hs= e x c e e d s c o l le c t i ve =g r ou p e r e c t in g= c on st r u c t in g c on se q u e n t= r e su lt in g r e i n fo r c e s= su p p o r t s d e va s t ate= d e s tr o y s i m u lt an e o u s l y =a t th e s am e ti m e u n in te n t i on a l = u n p la n n e d a l t e r n a te= t ak e tu r n s a t r e g im e s= g o ve r n m e n t s a s u r g e o f=a s u d d e n in c r e a se i n s yn t he s iz in g= c om b in in g e le v a te d= r a i se d I n e ss e n c e=B as ic a l ly f e a s ib le= p r a c t i c a l s c a le =s iz e

同义词

假设 中心 假定 使脱离 合作 反弹 有活力的 许多的,无数的收获,获得 重要的,最终的提高 潜能 产生 负面消级的 具体的,特定的获得 证实 招聘 有能力的 使认知,通知主要的 流利,口齿伶俐令人痛苦的 解决 努力 提炼,提高 新手 合一的,整体的统一性 实施 标准,规范 消逝 谴责 可获得的 批准,同意 接受,采纳 暂时的 逆境,困难 赞助 成熟的 保证 结果 在…之前 避难所Hypothesis supposition proposition assumption postulation Hub center core nucleus pivot Posit postulate speculate hypothesize Disengage unfasten unlock untie extricate Collaborate cooperate pool resources Rebound spring back recoil bounce back Vigorously dynamically robustly spiritedly Myriad countless innumerable uncountable numerous Harvest reap ingather gather obtain Ultimate eventual crucial essential imperative Enhance heighten improve boost Potential capacity capability Engender produce cause bring about generate Negative unconstructive undesirable destructive adverse Specific particular definite identifiable Secure acquire capture procure Confirm verify substantiate back up Recruitment staffing employment enlistment Competent capable skilled adept Acquaint familiarize notify inform Primarily chiefly mainly principally predominantly Eloquence facility glibness Traumatic shocking distressing upsetting Resolve solve settle come to a decision Strive endeavor do one’s utmost go all out Hone refine polish enhance Novice apprentice greenhorn Unification fusion integration Uniformity standardization sameness Enforce implement carry out Criterion form norm benchmark yardstick Elapse lapse go by slip away Denunciation condemnation censure criticism scolding Available obtainable accessible on hand Ratify approve endorse consent Embrace accept support Provisional interim makeshift Adversity hardship misfortune Sponsor subsidize Mature developed established advanced Warrant guarantee pledge Consequence result outcome upshot aftermath Precede lead herald Shelter refuge haven asylum sanctuary

雅思最新阅读同义词替换

1.几乎:approximately= nearly= almost=about=around 比例:proportion= percentage= percent=rate=ratio 开采完,耗尽:deplete= exhaust= exploit= run out of 错综复杂的:complex= complicated= sophisticated= intricate 2. significant=enormous=dramatic=tremendous=remarkable=crucial=substantial=apprec iably 巨大的,明显的 一成不变的:rigid=stiff=unchanged=invariable 交换,转换:exchange=swap=alter=shift…from… 3.致命的:deadly= fatal= lethal= mortal 兴旺,繁荣:prosperous= thriving= booming= flourishing 环境:circumstance= surroundings= environment= background 隔绝,孤立:isolate= alienate= insulate 替代物:substitution= alternative 创新的:inventive= creative= ingenious= revolutionary 4.模棱两可的:ambiguous= obscure= vague 缺乏的,短缺的:inadequate= deficient= be lack of= be shortage of 对...怀疑:skeptical= dubious= suspicious 矛盾的:contradictory= opposing= conflicting= incongruous 加速:accelerate= speed up= hasten= step up 5.次要的:peripheral= marginal= fringe= insignificant 提高效率/生产率:create/ gain efficiently= increase productivity 贫穷的,落后的:in poverty= impoverished 与...有关连:associate with= link to= relate to= combine with 加强:improve= enhance= promote= boost= strengthen 中立的:neutral 否定的,消极的:negative 积极的,肯定的:positive 6.缺点,缺陷:drawback= fault= defect= imperfection= flaw= shortcoming= weakness 令人困惑的:bewildering= puzzling= perplexing= confusing= baffling 残疾的:handicap= disabled 不令人满意的:unsatisfactory= hardly be looked upon 标准:caliber= criterion= standard= specification 7.相似的:be alike/ be similar to= be resemble in= be identical to 障碍:barrier= hurdle= obstacle 解决问题:address= solve= resolve= cope with= deal with= tackle the problem 强调,重视:emphasize= stress= highlight= focus on= concentrate on= pay attention

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