Passage 1
A store owner was tacking（钉住）a sign above his door that read “Puppies For Sale.”A little boy appeared under the store owner’s sign. “How much are you going to sell the puppies for?” he asked.
The store owner replied, “Anywhere from $30 to $50.”
The little boy reached in his pocket and pulled out some change. “I have $2.37,” he said. “Can I please look at them?”
The store owner whistled and five tiny balls of fur ran out. One puppy was falling far behind. Immediately the little boy singled out the limping puppy and said, “What’s wrong with that little dog?”
The store owner explained that the little puppy didn’t have a hip socket (臀骨臼). The little boy became excited and said, “That’s the little puppy I want to buy.”
The store owner said, “No, you don’t want to buy that little dog. But if you really want him, I’ll just give him to you.”
The little boy got quite upset. He looked straight into the store owner’s eyes and said, “I don’t want you to give him to me. That little dog is worth every bit as much as all the other dogs and I’ll pay the full price. In fact, I’ll give you $2.37 now and 50 cents a month until I have him all paid for.”
The store owner said, “This little dog is never going able to run jump like the other puppies.”
To this, the little boy reached down and rolled up his pant leg to show a badly twisted (扭曲的), disabled left leg supported by a big metal brace (支撑物). He looked up at the store owner and softly replied, “Well, I don’t run so well myself, and the little puppy will need someone who understands.”
1.The boy is able to offer something to the little puppy that no one else can.
What’s that?
A)A good home. B) A high price.
C) Care and understanding. D) A big metal brace.
2.Upon the boy’s request, the store owner ___________.
A)asked for his reason
B)laughed at his silly choice
C)persuaded him to buy the other dogs
D)suggested that he take the dog free of charge
3.When the store owner offered to give the puppy to the boy, the boy was
upset because ______.
A) he did not really like the puppy
B) he hated to accept things free
C) he had enough money with him
D) he thought the puppy had its value and should not be given away free
4.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A)The little boy was disabled.
B)The little boy bought the dog for fun.
C)The store owner couldn’t understand the little boy.
D)The store owner didn’t sell the dog to the little boy.
5.The best title for the passage is ______________.
A)Store Owner and His Dogs B) Little Boy and Disabled Dog
C)A dog in Need D) Little Boy’s Best Friend
Passage 2
She is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever. But at nearly 500 years of age, time is catching up with the Mona Lisa.
The health of the famous picture, painted by Leonardo da Vinci in 1505, is getting worse by the year, according to the Louvre Museum where it is housed.
“The thin, wooden panel on which the Mona Lisa is painted in oil has changed shape since experts checked it two years ago,”the museum said. Visitors have noticed changes but repairing the world’s most famous painting is not easy. Experts are not sure about the materials the Italian artist used and their present chemical state.
Nearly six million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year, many attracted by the mystery of her smile. “It is very interesting that when you’re not looking at her, she seems to be smiling, and then you look at her and she stops,”said Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University.
“It’s because direct vision (视觉) is excellent at picking up detail, but less suited to looking at shadows. Da vinci painted the smile in shadows.”
Da vinci himself loved it so much that he always carried it with him, until it was eventually sold to France’s King Francis I in 1519.
During World War II, French hid the painting in small towns to keep it out of the hands of German forces.
Like many old ladies, the Mona Lisa has some interesting stories to tell.
6. In the first paragraph “catching up with” means ____________.
A)coming up from behind B) having effect on
C) making up for D) getting along with
7. It is difficult to repair this painting due to its ______________.
A) painting materials B) wooden panel
C) long history D) good name
8. Mona Lisa is smiling when you look _______________.
A) at her B) from the corners of your eyes
C) into the shadows D) for details
9. Para. 4 is mainly about ____________________.
A) the history of the Mona Lisa B) the condition of the Mona Lisa
C) the secret of Mona Lisa’s smile D) the secret of Mona Lisa beauty
10. During World War II the famous painting was in _____________.
A) Italy B) France C) Britain D) Germany Passage 3
Since the first prehistoric artist drew the first pictures on the walls of a cave, artists have been using stone, clay, paint, jewels, metal, and hundreds of other materials to tell the story of the history of the world.
Buildings, paintings, and clothing styles can tell us what people thought and felt about their world.
Cave painting from the Old Stone Age show us animals and hunters. But more important, they also show us the weapons that were in use in prehistoric time. They show that fire was used, and that people had learned to make sewing needles from bone, and that stone tools had been invented for digging and cutting. Some roughly formed images have been found in the caves, too, showing that cave dwellers appreciated the beauty of the human from.
In the New Stone Age, people learned to weave cloth. They didn’t have to depend on animals’ skins for clothing. They also learnt to build houses, since the best farming land was far away from the mountain caves in which their forethers had lived.
11. What materials have been used by artists to tell the store of the world history?
A)Animals’ skins, jewels and stone.
B)Clay, paint, and cloth.
C)Metals, animals’ skins and clay.
D)Plaint, clay and stone.
12. What do cave paintings show us?
A) The weapons and fire our forefathers used.
B) The beauty of the human form our forefathers appreciated.
C) The animals’ bones our forefathers constructed.
D) The buildings our forefathers constructed.
13. What did our forefathers learn to do besides fire-making?
A) To prepare meals.
B) To build high buildings.
C) To dig tunnels.
D）To make sewing needles.
14. Where did our forefathers live before they learned to construct buildings?
A) In forests. B) On rivers.
C) In mountain caves. D) On farms.
15. The word “images” in paragraph three most probably means _________.
A) pictures B) impressions C) photos D) ideas Passage 4
Some time ago my husband and I bought a new sofa for our living room. At the time we both liked the color and style of the sofa, but in recent weeks, my husband has begun to complain about this particular piece of furniture. Now he doesn’t like the color or the style and he even complains that it is impossible to sit in it and be comfortable. Anyway he wants to get rid of it and buy another one for $ 800.
I’m just sick about his idea because I like the one we have very much and besides I don’t think we can afford a new one. Reasoning with my husband is like talking to a brick wall—and believe me I’ve tried. He is very stubborn. What shall I do? I’m almost ready to go home to mother.
16. Why did the couple buy the sofa?
A)They both liked the color and style of the sofa.
B)The sofa was very cheap at the time.
C)Their living room needed a sofa.
D)The husband loved the color and style of the sofa.
17. What does the husband think of the sofa now?
A) It is uncomfortable to sit in the sofa.
B) The sofa is too cheap to be of high quality.
C) The style of the sofa is out of date.
D) The color of the sofa is not attractive.
18. Why is the wife unwilling to get rid of the sofa?
A) She can’t find a sofa that she and her husband like very much.
B) She can’t carry a sofa home alone.
C) She doesn’t think she has enough money for a new sofa.
D) Someone doesn’t allow her to buy a sofa.
19. What can we learn from the talk?
A) The husband is always willing to obey his wife.
B) The wife is very economical.
C) The couple has a different idea about the sofa.
D) The wife’s mother wants the sofa.
20. What does the word “stubborn” in the second paragraph mean?
A) Kind. B) Cruel. C) Determined. D) Talkative.
21. We all went to the exhibition________ the director, who was too busy to go.
A. besides
B. except
C. beside
D. except for
22. The internal situation of a country usually ______its foreign policy.
A. effects
B. effected
C. affects
D. affected
23. A large _____of people volunteered to do this difficult job.
A. number
B. amount
C. quality
D. wealth
24. This group of explorers went ______in the desert than that one.
A. father
B. farther
C. further
D. far
25. She can now spend ______time preparing her lessons than before.
A. little
B. few
C. fewer
D.less
26. Many beautiful paintings were ______on the walls..
A. hung
B. hanged
C. hang
D. hanging
27. The interpreter could ______catch up with the fluent speaker.
A. hard
B. hardly
C. hardness
D. hardship
28. All his things were ____his suitcase.
A. into
B. in
C. at
D. on
29. He ______ his pen on the desk and began reading.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6413508945.html,id
B. lay
C. lie
D. lain
30. _____ a friend I would advise you to stop smoking at once.
A. Likely
B. like
C. Is
D.As
31. His horse jumped and he fell ______ it.
A. of
B. off
C. on
D. down
32. The ______of the school will resign because of his poor health.
A. principal
B. principle
C. principals
D. principles
33. These plans are good and _____.
A. practical
B. practicable
C. practiced
D. practice
34. He _____from his seat to greet the guest.
A. raised
B. raise
C. rises
D.rose
35. I _____to work 11 hours a day, but I can’t do that any more.
A. use
B. am using
C. am used
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6413508945.html,ed
36. The _____rain slowed down the construction.
A. continual
B. continuous
C. continuing
D. continued
37. Our invitations have all been _____.
A. received
B. accepted
C. got
D. admitted
38. She said she would _____me the book by air mail.
A. send
B. bring
C. give
D. show
39. Would you like to stop by my ____and have a cup of tea?
A. family
B. room
C. home
D. space
40. We should be _____of our time and avoid doing anything unnecessary.
A. economic
B. economics
C. economical
D. economy
楚老师(1263021683) 11:46:15
21-25 .B C A B D 26-30.A B B A D 31-35. B A B D D 36-40.A B A C C
Fast Reading Materials for Senior I完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 36~55 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 While I studied at school, I felt a great difficulty in learning my Latin translations. I was always very 36 in using a dictionary, and 37 it most difficult, while to other boys it seemed no 38 . I formed an alliance（盟友）with a boy in the Sixth Grade .He was very clever and 39 read Latin as easily as English .My friend for his part was almost as 40 troubled by the English essays he had to write for the headmaster as I was 41 these Latin words .We agreed together that he would 42 me my Latin translations and that I should do his essays. The arrangement 43 wonderfully. The headmaster seemed quite 44 with my work, and I had more time to myself in the morning. On the other hand, once a week 45 I had to compose the essays of my friend. For several months no difficulty 46 , but once we were nearly caught out. One afternoon, the headmaster 47 my friend to discuss one essay with him in a lively spirit. “I was interested in this48 you make here. I think you might have gone further .Tell me 49 you had in your mind.” The headmaster continued in this50 for some time to the fear of my friend. However the headmaster, not wishing to 51 an occasion of praise into 52 of fault-finding, finally. 53 him go. He came back to me like a man who had had a very narrow 54 and I made up my mind to make every effort to study my 55 . 36．A．quick B．slow C．hard D．good 37．A．made B．got C．found D．left 38．A．trouble B．difference C．labor D．worry 39．A．might B．would C．should D．could 40．A．very B．little C．much D．few 41．A．for B．by C．in D．to 42．A．change B．take C．forgive D．tell 43．A．worked B．tried C．happened D．developed 44．A．angry B．satisfied C．frightened D．sad 45．A．or so B．or else C．as usual D．as far 46．A．became B．seemed C．lay D．appeared 47．A．called B．taught C．arranged D．sent 48．A．aim B．goal C．point D．opinion 49．A．why B．how C．which D．what 50．A．excitement B．way C．meaning D．disappointment 51．A．turn B．leave C．grow D．become 52．A．none B．one C．either D．some 53．A．ordered B．asked C．took D．let 54．A．surprise B．escape C．hope D．chance 55．A．reading B．writing C．translations D．essays II 阅读理解
Passage 1 There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to grow as people develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education, as they are responsible for what they do in life. Some students do badly in a traditional classroom. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be happier in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules. For students who worry about these things a lot, it is a good idea to be in an open classroom. But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students, there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about the rules even when there are no rules. Even a few rules will help this kind of student. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their schools. You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, want some structure in their classes. They want to have rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects. Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to. 1.Open education allows the students to ____. A.grow as the educated B.be responsible for their future C.develop their own interests D.discover subjects outside class 2. Open education may be a good idea for the students who ____. A.enjoy learning B.worry about grades C.do well in a traditional classroom D.are responsible for what they do in life 3. Some students will do little in an open classroom because ____. A.there are too few rules B.they hate activities C.open education is similar to the traditional education D.they worry about the rules 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?____ A.Some traditional teachers do not like it.
《分析化学》阅读材料03 摘自Analytical Chemistry (FECS) ●In the Br?sted-Lowry theory, an acid is a proton donor and a base is a proton acceptor. Each acid is related to its conjugate base and vice versa: Acid = base + proton Therefore, the conjugate base of a strong acid must be a weak base and the conjugate base of a weak acid must be a strong base. Together they form a couple, and an acid without its conjugate base is a meaningless concept. In order to release a proton, the acid must find a base to accept it. In an aqueous solution, the proton, H+, having an extremely small ionic radius, cannot exist as such. It is hydrated, forming the hydronium ion H3O+ and higher hydrates. Thus, an acid-base equilibrium is not a simple dissociation equilibrium, but the result of a proton transfer reaction in which there are at least two reagents and two products. Such a process is also called protolysis. The overall reaction is expressed by: HX + H2O = H3O+ + X-. The overall equilibrium constant is K = [H3O+][X-]/[HX][H2O]. The acid dissociation constant Ka is given by: Ka = K[H2O] = [H3O+][X-]/[HX]. Ka reflects not only the acid strength of HX, but also the base strength of water. This why different acid dissociation constants are observed for the same acid in different solvent. ●Similar proton transfer reactions exist in all solvents possessing proton donor and acceptor properties. Proton transfer reactions are extremely fast. This makes them very suitable for analytical applications and acid-base reactions have found wide use in volumetric methods and other analytical techniques. ●The pH value is a measure for the acidity or basicity of a solution, aqueous or nonaqueous. ●Acid-base indicators are chemical substances with acid-base properties, having different colors in their protonated and deprotonated forms. ● A most important application of acid-base systems is related to the property of such a system to act as a buffer. Many chemical reactions produce protons (in aqueous solutions hydroniums) or hydroxide ions. If these products remain in the system, a corresponding pH change is observed. However, if a buffer is present in the solution it reacts with the liberated hydrogen or hydroxide ions so that only a relative small change of pH occurs. Buffer consist of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base. The most efficient buffer for a given pH consists of a 1:1 ratio of the protonated and deprotonated forms of a weak acid (with pKa = pH). This cannot always be achieved, but if we wish to prepare a solution of a certain pH, we select a weak acid with a pKa value close to the desired pH. Buffer solution resists changes in pH upon adding of strong acids or strong bases. Depending on the relative concentrations of the acid and base forms of the buffer, the system can resist small or large additions of strong acid or base. This buffer capacity is defined as the number of moles of strong acid of base required to change the pH of 1 L of buffer solution by one pH unit. Solutions with high or low pH values, formed as a result of dissolution of large quantities of a strong base or acid, are characterized by a large buffer capacity, although the electrolyte practically consists of only one of the conjugate forms (e.g., HCl or NaOH solutions). ● A general requirement for all volumetric methods is that the titration process is fast and that it proceeds in a definite stoichiometric ratio, the endpoint of the reaction must by easy to detect and the reaction should be specific and not influenced by other constituents of the solution, i.e., there should be no interference. Question: 1. A H3PO4 solution is brought to pH = 7.00 by the addition of NaOH. Calculate the concentration of the various forms of orthophosphate if the total phosphate concentration in buffer is 0.200 mol /L. pKa1 = 2.16, pKa2 = 7.21, pKa3 = 12.32. 2. A buffer solution is prepared from acid, HA, Ka = 5 10-5, and its salt. The concentration of HA in the buffer is 0.25 mol / L. To 100 mL of the buffer added 5.0 mmol of NaOH, and the pH of the resulting solution is 5.60. What was the pH of the original buffer? 3.It is desired to change the pH of 100 mL of 0.100 mol / L HCl from 1.00 to 4.40 by the addition of sodium acetate, CH3COONa3H2O. How much solid sodium acetate salt must be added in grams? Assume no volume change for the solution as the result of the addition. 4.What is the buffer capacity of a solution which is 0.100 mol / L of NH3 and 0.200 of NH4Cl? 5.Calculate the pH of each of the following solution: (a) Water in equilibrium with CO2 of the air; pKa1 = 6.38, pKa2 = 10.25. (b) Water as in part (a) brought to pH = 7.00 with NaOH and allowed to regain equilibrium with CO2. 6. Derive the following expression for the pH at the first stoichiometric point in the titration of a mixture of two weak acid: HA, the stronger, Ka1, concentration C1; HB, the weaker, Ka2, concentration C2: pH = 1/2 (pKa1 + pKa2) – 1/2 lg (C1/C2)
New words and express ions: why 为什么because 因为 drop 落下poor 可怜的 Poor man Look at this man. What is he doing? He’s carrying a very big box. The box is full of big apples. He wants to put it on the back of his bike and take it home. Can he do that? No, I don’t think so. Why not？Because the box is too full and too heavy(重). Look! What’s wrong?(错误)He drops the box. Poor man! Exercise： 看看这个人。他正在做什么?他带着一个非常大的盒子。盒子里充满了大苹果。他想把它放在他的自行车,把它带回家。他能这样做吗?不,我不这么认为。为什么不呢?因为这个箱子太满、太沉重。看!怎么了?他滴。可怜的男人! 1. Read carefully and write “T” for true and “F” for false beside the statements. 仔细阅读，在下列句子前标上（T）对或（F）不对。 （ F ）1. The box is not very big. （T ）2. The box is full of apples. （ F ）3. He puts the apples in the bag. （ F ）4. He can carry the box home. 2. Choose the best answer： （ B ）1. What is the man doing? He is ______________ A. eating some apples B. carrying a box C. riding a bike D. making a box （ C ）2. What’s in the box? A. some books B. some bikes C. some apples D. some boxes （ C ）3. Can he carry the box? A. Yes, he can. B. Yes, he is. C. No, he can’t D. No, he isn’t （ D ）4. Is the box full or empty? A. Yes, it is. B. No, it isn’t. C. It’s empty. D. It’s full. New words and expressions: parents 父母亲work 工作 study 学习 a little 一点儿 Kate Kate is a new student. She is twelve. She is from America. She can speak English very well and she can speak a little Chinese. She is in Nanjing. Her parents are doctors. Kate is studying in a school near her home. She has classes from Monday to Friday. On Saturdays and Sundays, she often plays games with her Chinese friends. She loves China and her Chinese friends.
2020年高三英语材料之阅读理解精品版
高三英语材料之阅读理解 阅读理解1 A Besides entertainment and beautiful lanterns, another important part of the Lantern Festival ,or Yuanxiao Festival is eating small dumpling balls made of glutinous rice flour. We call these balls Yuanxiao or Tangyuan. Obviously, they get the name from the festival itself. It is said that the custom of eating Yuanxiao originated during the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the fourth century, then became popular during the Tang and Song periods. The fillings inside the dumplings or Yuansiao are either sweet or salty. Sweet fillings are made of sugar, Walnuts, sesame（芝麻）, osmanthus flowers(桂花), rose petals, sweetened tangerine（橘子）peel, bean paste, or jujube paste（枣子酱）. A single ingredient or any combination can be used as the filling . The salty variety is filled with minced meat（肉末儿）, vegetables or a mixture. The way to make Yuanxiao also varies between northern and southern China. The usual method followed in southern provinces is to shape the dough of rice flour into balls, make a hole, insert the filling, then close the hole and smooth out the dumpling by rolling it between your hands. In North China, sweet or nutmeat stuffing is the usual ingredient. The fillings are pressed into hardened cores, dipped lightly in water and rolled in a flat basket containing dry glutinous rice flour. A layer of the flour sticks to the filling, which is then again dipped in water and rolled a second time in the rice flour. And so it goes, like rolling a snowball, until the dumpling is the desired size. The custom of eating Yuanxiao dumplings remains. This tradition encourages both old and new stores to promote their Yuanxiao products. They all try their best to improve the taste and quality of the dumplings to attract more customers. 1.Which of the following is NOT true? A．The custom of eating Yuanxiao dates back to the fourth century. B．Sugar, rose petals and minced meat are all fillings of Yuanxiao. C．Sweet Yuanxiao are usually made in southern China. D．People in northern China usually make Yuanxiao by rolling like a snowball. 2.Which country does the Lantern Festival come from? A．China B．South Korea C．Jin Dynasty D．Tang and Song periods. 3.Choose the right order of making Tangyuan in southern provinces. ① make a hole and insert the filling ② roll the dough between your hands ③ shape the dough of rice flour into balls ④ close the hole ⑤ prepare some rice flour A．⑤③②①④ B．③⑤①②④ C．③①④②⑤ D．⑤③①④② 4.What is the best title of this passage? A．The Lantern Festival
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.doczj.com/doc/6413508945.html,/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Passage 14 Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do-especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come cross his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves,”he says. “Resumes arrive with stains. Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate, ”Crossley concludes. If they cannot take of these details. “Why should we trust them with a job?” Can we pay too much attention to detail? Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees,”says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, “we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the larger picture they don’t, we should drop them and move to something else.” Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time,”says Garfield. “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary.”Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake. Too often we believe what accounts for other’s success is some special secret or a lucky break. But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow. 66. According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected________ A) because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume B) because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume C) because they failed to give a detailed description of their background in their applications D) because they eliminated their names from the applicants list themselves 67. The word “perfectionists”(Line 1, Para 3)refers to those who________ A) demand others to get everything absolutely right B) know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances C) pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives D) are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do 68. Which of the following is the author’s advice to the reader? A) Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked B) Don’t forget details when drawing pictures
计算机专业英语阅读材料 计算机英语（1） Desktop Pattern In the graphical user interface of Microsoft Windows 98,a graphical pattern-called wallpaper-displayed on the desktop (the background "beneath" windows, icons, and dialog boxes). The pattern or picture in the screen background that can be chosen by the user. To change the desktop pattern, choose Display from the Control Panel. 桌面图案 在Microsoft Windows 98的图形用户界面中,一种显示在桌面上称为壁纸(Wallpaper )的图形图案(窗口、图标和对话框后面的背景),屏幕背景可由用户选择图案样式或画面。要改变桌面图案时,从控制面板上选择显示方式。 计算机英语（2） Federated Database In scientific networking ,a collaborative database (part of a collaborator) in which scientists pool their knowledge and discoveries .Federated databases are one proposed solution to the Grand Challenges——problems that are so complex that they far outstrip the capabilities of individual scientists ,or even individual research institutions ,to tackle them independently. 联合式数据库 在科学联网中,科学家们汇集其知识和发现的一种合作数据库(合作的一部分)。联合数据库是对种种重大挑战问题(Grand Challenges)的一种建议性的解决方案——这些问题太复杂,以致于超出单个科学家的能力,甚至单个研究所都无法来单独解决它们。 计算机英语（3） Collapse When creating an outline or viewing a directory tree (such as in the Windows Explorer ),the process of hiding all the outline levels or subdirectories below the selected outline heading or directory. 折叠 当生成一个题纲或观察一个目录树(如在Windows资源管理器中)时,在选定的题纲标题或目录下隐藏所有的题纲层或子目录的过程。 计算机英语（4） Collision In local area networks (LANs) ,a garbled transmission that results when two or more workstations transmit to the same network cable at exactly the same time . Networks have means of preventing collisions. 冲突 在局域网(LANs)中,当两个或多个工作站恰好在同时向同一个网络线路上传送(数据)时产生的错乱传输。网络拥
Text 2 Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but thedoubters insisted that we didn‘t know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the scienceuncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government shouldstay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10million smokers went to early graves. There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us tothe growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy ofSciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth‘s atmosphere is definitely warmingand that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protectourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the prefaceto the panel‘s report: ―Science never has all the answers. But science does provide us with the bestavailable guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policieson the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of presentactions.‖Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about globalwarming is incomplete, that it‘s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. Thisis a dangerous game: by the time 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. With the risksobvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now. Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it‘s obvious that a majority of thepresident‘s advisers still don‘t take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, theycontinue to press for more research —a classic case of ―paralysis by analysis.‖ To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmosphericand oceanic research. But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration won‘t take thelegis lative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation