Chem. Res. Chin. Univ.
doi: 10.1007/s40242-015-4422-x
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*Corresponding author. E-mail: chenrj@https://www.doczj.com/doc/621934432.html,
Received November 6, 2014; accepted December 31, 2014.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21373028).
? Jilin University, The Editorial Department of Chemical Research in Chinese Universities and Springer-Verlag GmbH
A Facile Route to Synthesize Sheet-like Na 2Ti 3O 7 with
Improved Sodium Storage Properties
XIE Man 1,2, WANG Kangkang 1, CHEN Renjie 1,2*, LI Li 1,2 and WU Feng 1,2
1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Environment,
2. National Development Center of High Technology Green Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology,
Beijing 100081, P. R. China
Abstract A high purity sheet-like Na 2Ti 3O 7 material was synthesized by a new facile solid-state method with hollow sphere TiO 2 as titanium source. X-Ray diffraction(XRD) measurement proves that no impurity phase existed when the sample was heated at 900 °C. Charge/discharge measurement was performed in a potential range of 0.01―2.5 V at different current-rates(C-rates). The initial charge/discharge capacities are 191/424 mA·h/g at 0.1 C and still remain as high as 101 mA·h/g after 50 cycles. CV test proves that the large irreversible capacity in the initial cycle results from the formation of the solid electrolyte interface(SEI). However, the electrode presents an increased initial cou-lombic efficiency in a 1 mol/L NaPF 6 electrolyte compared to that in a 1 mol/L NaClO 4 electrolyte. Keywords Na 2Ti 3O 7; Sodium-ion battery; Anode; Hollow sphere TiO 2
1 Introduction
Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) with high energy and high power density are indispensable to mobile devices, electric vehicles(EV) and hybrid electric vehicles(HEV). However, the limited world’s lithium resources could be rapidly depleted if large lithium batteries are used in EV and energy storage power station in the near future. Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) could be the good alternatives since sodium element is abundant on earth. Moreover, the standard potential of Na/Na + is –2.71 V , much positive than that of Li/Li +(–3.04 V), thus the safety problems would not be so serious. Most of the recent studies on so-dium-ion batteries have been focused on cathode materials, such as layered metal oxides, Na x CoO 2[1,2], Na 2/3Mn y Co 1–y O 2[3], manganese oxides, Na 0.44MnO 2[4], Na 0.6MnO 2[5] and fluo-ride-based materials, NaMF 3(M=Fe, Mn, V and Ni)[6—8]. However, graphite, widely used in LIBs, cannot be used as anode for SIBs, since the narrow graphite layer spacing allows very little amount of Na + embedding [9]. Disordered carbons with much wider graphite layer spacing have shown good ca-pacity performance [10]. However, the low sodium storage potential(ca . 0.1 V vs . Na/Na +) and poor reversibility push out the safety issues in practical application. Alloys, such as Sb/C and SbSn/C exhibit high sodium storage capacities [11,12], how-ever, the volume expansion still remains as a tough issue. Titanium based materials, such as NaTi 2(PO 4)3[13] and hollan-dite-type TiO 2[14] have attracted much attention. Alkali titanates, in the formula of Na 2Ti 3O 7, were reported as a low potential(ca . 0.3 V vs. Na/Na +) anode for SIBs [15]. Pan et al.[16] systematical-ly investigated Na + storage and transport properties in Na 2Ti 3O 7 material, and proposed a quasi-3D Na + transport mechanism.
Using the spray-drying method, Li et al .[17,18] prepared micro-spherical Na 2Ti 3O 7 showing high sodium storage capacities and stable cycle performances.
In this study, we synthesized a pure phase sheet-like Na 2Ti 3O 7 sample using a new facile solid-state approach and hollow sphere TiO 2 as titanium precursor. Cycling and rate capabilities were presented to better characterize the perfor-mance of Na 2Ti 3O 7 material in SIBs. A 1 mol/L NaClO 4 solu-tion in ethylene carbonate(EC)/dimethyl carbonate(DMC)(1:1, volume ratio) and a 1 mol/L NaPF 6 solution in EC/diethyl car-bonate (DEC)(1:1, volume ratio) were adopted to investigate the effect of electrolyte composition on the initial coulombic efficiency.
2 Experimental
2.1 Synthesis of Hollow Sphere TiO 2
The possible mechanism of the synthetic process was de-scribed in Fig.1. Hollow sphere TiO 2 was prepared by intro-ducing a modified template method [19]. Firstly, the colloidal carbon spheres were prepared according to the literature as follows [20]. Typically, 4 mL of acrylic acid monomer was added to a 0.4 mol/L glucose solution. Then, the mixture was hydro-thermally treated at 180 °C for 20 h(Fig.1, step I). The primary product was obtained by centrifugation, then dryed at 80 °C for 4 h at least to obtain the final product(Fig.1, setp II). Tetrabu-tyltitanate(TNBT, 15 mL) was dissolved in ethanol(60 mL) to form a light yellow solution. With the aid of ultrasonication, carbonaceous spheres(ca . 500 mg) were dispersed in ethanol to form a brown solution. Then the brown solution was added to the light yellow solution dropwise that was further stirred for
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Chem. Res. Chin. Univ.
another 1 h. A 1:10(volume ratio) mixture of water and ethanol was added dropwise to the precursor containing the suspension with vigorous magnetic stirring over a period of approximately 30 min before centrifugation and washed with ethanol. The
powder obtained was transferred to alumina crucibles that were placed in a muffle furnace heated at 550 °C for 6 h(Fig.1 steps III and IV).
Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the formation mechanism of hollow sphere TiO 2 and
Na 2Ti 3O 7 powders
Steps: I: glucose solution; II: colloidal carbon spheres; III: titanium precursor mixture; IV: hollow sphere TiO 2; V: the final product.
2.2 Synthesis of Na 2Ti 3O 7
The resulted material Na 2Ti 3O 7 was prepared by a solid-state route with the sodium precursor of Na 2CO 3(99%) and sphere TiO 2, named as S-NTO. The starting materials were ground in an agate mortar and pressed into pellets. Then the pellets were heated to synthesize a pure phase product(Fig.1, step V). For comparison, commercial TiO 2(anatase, 99.8%, ca . 100 nm) was used to synthesize C-NTO.
2.3 Structure and Electrochemical Characteriza-tion
Crystal structure confirmation and morphology characte-rization of the synthesized samples were carried out by X-ray
powder diffraction(XRD, DMAX-RB, Rigaku), with Cu K α
(0.154 nm) radiation at a scan rate of 8.0° in a range of 5°―70°
and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM,
Hitachi, S3400N).
For electrochemical performance characterization, elec-trodes were prepared with a final composition of 70%
(mass fraction) active materials, 20%(mass fraction) super P as
conductive additive, and 10%(mass fraction) polyvinylidene
fluoride(PVDF) as binder. Subsequently, the electrodes were
oven-dried at 80 °C for more than 12 h. Charge-discharge tests
were done via CR2032 type coin cells with fresh metal Na as
the counter electrode and glass microfiber filter(GF/D What-man) as a separator. 1 mol/L NaClO 4 solution in EC and
DMC(1:1, volume ratio) was adopted as electrolyte.
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Structure and Morphology Characterization
Fig.2 shows the XRD patterns of samples calcined at dif-ferent temperatures. The XRD pattern of the powder heated at 800 °C for 20 h is shown in Fig.2 pattern b , some impurity peaks are observed, which can be indexed to Na 2Ti 6O 13 phase. However, when the heat temperature increased to 900 °C, the
diffraction pattern(Fig.2 pattern c ) well matched the Na 2Ti 3O 7
pattern(JCPDS No.31-1329, Fig.2 pattern a ).
Fig.2 XRD patterns of samples prepared by
solid-state route under various heating conditions
a . Na 2Ti 3O 7(JCPDS No.31-1329);
b . 800 °C, 20 h;
c . 900 °C, 20 h.
Colloidal carbon spheres in a diameter of 1—5 μm are
observed in Fig.3(A). The inset image shows a single carbon
sphere in a diameter of ca . 2 μm, with plenty of hydroxyl
groups and carboxyl groups on the surface [20]. Fig.3(B) shows
the TiO 2 sample in sphere morphology with diameter from 100
nm to 800 nm. Fig.3(C) shows the morphology of S-NTO-900
sample(S-NTO sample heated at 900 °C for 20 h), with
microstructure consisting of sheet-like agglomerates. Each
Fig.3 SEM images of as-prepared samples (A) Colloidal carbon spheres. Inset: image of a single carbon sphere; (B)
sphere TiO 2; (C) S-NTO sample heated at 900 °C for 20 h; (D) C-NTO
sample heated at 900 °C for 20 h.
XIE Man et al. 3
agglomerate consists of small plates in length from several hundred nanometers to 2 μm, which arise from hollow sphere TiO 2 that effectively inhibit particle growth in the crystalliza-tion process. When commercial TiO 2 was used as titanium pre-cursor, the final Na 2Ti 3O 7 sample (named as C-NTO-900, C-NTO sample heated at 900 °C for 20 h) was obtained as shown in Fig.3(D). Particles became inhomogeneous and huge, and the morphology was irregular.
3.2 Electrochemical Properties of Na 2Ti 3O 7 Sam-ples
Fig.4(A) and (B) present the charge/discharge curves of the first and the second cycles at a current rate of 0.1 C be-tween 0.01 and 2.5 V for S-NTO-900 and C-NTO-900, respec-tively. The first charge/discharge capacities delivered are 191/424 mA·h/g for S-NTO-900, and 165/370 mA·h/g for C-NTO-900. Short plateaus before the main plateau are ob-served on the first and the second charge curves of C-NTO-900, which are resulted from large particles and intermediate phase formation [16]. Fig.4(C) presents the initial charge/discharge profiles of S-NTO-900 sample at various rates of 0.1, 0.2, 1, 2 and 5 C. The initial cycle capacities of 191/424, 171/364, 136/276, 126/248 and 104/206 mA·h/g were recorded, respec-tively. Moreover, after 50 cycles, the reversible capacity of S-NTO-900 electrode delivered still remains as high as 101 mA·h/g, which is 40 mA·h/g higher than that of C-NTO-900 electrode, as shown in Fig.4(D). The rate capabilities of the two samples at various rates were also investigated, as shown in Fig.4(E). The cells were firstly cycled 10 cycles at 0.1 C, then the rates were increased step by step to 5 C, and finally reduced to 0.2 C. It is worth noting that a reversible capacity of 16 mA·h/g could be obtained at 5 C for the C-NTO-900 electrode.
Fig.4 Charge/discharge curves of as-prepared S-NTO-900 and C-NTO-900 samples
(A) S-NTO-900 at 0.1 C between 0.01―2.5 V; (B) C-NTO-900 at 0.1 C between 0.01―2.5 V; (C) the initial charge/discharge profiles of S-NTO-900 sample at various current rates; (D) cycle capabilities of S-NTO-900 and C-NTO-900 samples at 0.1 C; (E) rate capabilities of S-NTO-900 and C-NTO-900 samples.
However, a reversible capacity of 46 mA·h/g still remained for the S-NTO-900 electrode. When the rate was reset to 0.2 C, the reversible capacities recovered to 120 and 82 mA·h/g, respec-tively. Fig.5 shows the CV curves of the S-NTO-900 electrode at a scan rate of 0.1 mV/s in a potential range of 0.01―2.5 V(vs. Na/Na +). In the first cycle, a broad peak occurred around 0.5 V , which was attributed to the formation of the solid electrolyte interface(SEI). Two sharp peaks located at 0.17 and 0.43 V corresponded to the redox of Ti 4+/Ti 3+. A pair of small redox peaks located at a low potential of 0.01—0.1 V were ascribed to Na + insertion/extraction in/from the pores of carbon addi-tives [21]. However, a small peak was observed at 0.36 V , which might be ascribed to the somewhat decomposition of SEI or intermediate phase formation [16]. In the second cycle, the peaks below 0.1 V could also be observed, which became weaker. The peaks corresponded to the redox of Ti 4+/Ti 3+ intensified without evident location shifting.
Fig.5 Cyclic voltammograms of S-NTO-900
electrode between 0.01 and 2.5 V at a scan rate of 0.1 mV/s
3.3 Influence of Electrolyte
The coulombic efficiency was rather low in the initial cycle, which was ascribed to the formation of SEI. Therefore, a
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Chem. Res. Chin. Univ.
1 mol/L NaPF 6 electrolyte(EC/DEC as solvent) was utilized to investigate the effects on the initial coulombic efficiency. Fig.6 shows the initial charge/discharge profiles of the electrode in two kinds of electrolytes. The initial discharge capacity in 1 mol/L NaClO 4 electrolyte is rather higher than that in 1 mol/L NaPF 6 electrolyte(424 vs . 288 mA·h/g), which was assigned to the easy decomposition of DMC solvent at potentials lower than 1 V vs . Na/Na +[22]. However, the charge capacities of 191 and 160 mA·h/g reached, respectively. Meanwhile, the initial coulombic efficiency increased from 45% in the NaC-lO 4 electrolyte to 56% in the NaPF 6 electrolyte.
Fig.6 Initial charge/discharge curves of S-NTO-900
sample in electrolytes of 1 mol/L NaClO 4 in EC/DMC(a ) and 1 mol/L NaPF 6 in EC/DEC (b ) at a rate of 0.1 C
4 Conclusions
In summary, we have synthesized a pure phase Na 2Ti 3O 7 material by a facile route with hollow sphere titanium dioxide(TiO 2) as titanium precursor. The Na 2Ti 3O 7 material with a microstructure of sheet-like agglomerates delivered a rather high reversible capacity and a slow capacity fade at a low rate, which maintained stable at high rates. Moreover, the initial coulombic efficiency was improved significantly in 1 mol/L NaPF 6 electrolyte with EC and DEC as solvents. These
results suggest that the sheet-like Na 2Ti 3O 7 is an attractive can-didate as the anode material of rechargeable sodium-ion batte-ries.
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With every sun comes a new day. 每每旭日东升 A new beginning. 都是崭新的开始 A hope that things will be better today than they were yesterday. 总是期冀今日之美远胜昨日But not for me. My name's Eep. 但不属于我我叫小伊 And this is my family. The Croods. 这是我的家人克鲁德一家 If you weren't clued already, by animal skin 如果你看到我们的兽皮和倾斜的额头 and sloping forehead, we are cavemen. 还不明白我们是原始人 Most days we spend in our cave, 我们整日在洞穴中度日 in the dark. 藏于黑暗 Night after night, day after day. 日复一日年复一年 Yep. Home sweet home. 真是甜蜜的家啊 When we did go out, we struggled to find food 难得出洞还得在残酷的大自然里 in a harsh and hostile world. 拼命找食物 And I struggled to survive my family. 我还得拼命保护家人 We were the last ones around. 我们是仅存的一家了 There used to be neighbors. 曾经有很多邻居 The Gorts, smashed by a mammoth. 高茨一家被猛犸象踩扁了 The Horks, swallowed by a sand snake. 霍克一家被沙蛇吞了 The Erfs, mosquito bite. 厄夫一家被蚊子叮死了 The Throgs, common cold. 斯洛格一家感个冒就挂了 And the Croods... That's us. 还有克鲁德一家就是我们 The Croods made it, because of my dad. 我们活下来了全靠我老爸 He was strong, and he followed the rules, 他不但强壮而且遵守规则 the ones painted on our cave walls: 规矩都刻在洞穴的墙上了 Anything new is bad. Curiosity is bad. 新鲜事物都很危险好奇心也很危险 Going out at night is bad. 夜晚出门更是危险
Funding for this program is provided by: 本节目的赞助来自...... Additi onal funding provided by: 另外的赞助来自…… Last time, we argued about 上次,我们谈到 the case of The Quee n v. Dudley & Stephe ns, 女王诉Dudley和Stephens案件， the lifeboat case, the case of cann ibalism at sea. 那个救生艇上，海上吃人的案件. And with the argume nts about the lifeboat in mind, 带着针对这个案件所展开的一些讨论 the argume nts for and aga inst what Dudley and Stephe ns did in mind, 带着支持和反对Dudley和Stephens所做的吃人行为的讨论 let's turn back to the philosophy, the utilitaria n philosophy of Jeremy Ben tham. 让我们回头来看看Bentham的功利主义哲学. Ben tham was born in En gla nd in 1748. At the age of 12, he went to Oxford. Bentham于1748年出生于英国.12岁那年,他去了牛津大学 At 15, he went to law school. He was admitted to the Bar at age 19 15岁时，他去了法学院.19岁就取得了律师资格 but he n ever practiced law. 但他没有从事于律师行业.
实验四：路由器基本配置 一、实验目的 学习命令行方式配置路由器的基本方法，理解路由器工作原理 二、实验内容 1.路由器配置方式 2.路由器基本配置命令 三、相关知识 路由器常用模式有： ①用户模式：提示符 >，登录路由器时进入该模式，在这个模式下只能查看部分交换机的信息，但不能修改信息。 ②特权模式：提示符 #，该模式是进入各种配置状态的入口，在这个模式下也只能查看路由器的信息，但不能修改。这个模式通常设置密码保护。 ③全局配置模式：提示符 (config)#，可以配置路由器的一些全局性信息，如名字、密码等。 ④接口配置模式：提示符 (config-if)#，可以配置路由器的接口信息。 ⑤路由配置模式：提示符 (config-router)#，可以在路由器上配置路由协议。 ⑥线路配置模式：提示符 (config-line)# ，可以配置路由器连接线路的参数。
conf t 命令是 configure terminal 命令的简写。 interface 命令中需要指明要配置的接口，如：interface e0 表示配置以太网接口e0，interface s0 表示配置串行口s0。 line 命令中需指明要配置的登录线路，如：line console 0 表示配置控制台端口0，line vty 0 4 表示配置远程登录端口0~4。 router 命令中需指明配置的协议类型，如：router rip 表示配置RIP协议。 exit 命令用于退回到上一层模式。Ctrl+Z或end用于从深层模式直接退回特权模式。 logout 命令用于注销，结束会话。 四、实验内容 1、配置路由器名字 路由器的名字用于识别各路由器，默认名为Router。假如把路由器的名字改为R1，可用以下命令： Router(config)#hostname R1 R1(config)# 配置后，路由器的名字会出现在命令提示符前面。 2、设置控制台口令
此文档下载后即可编辑 大班主题活动《汽车总动员》 常州市天宁区红梅东村幼儿园：庞洁叶丽敏 一、主题背景 随着现代文明的进展，汽车渐渐汽车进入了孩子们的生活：BRT快速公交车、层出不穷的车展、马路上的各种特种车、工作中的水泥搅拌车、而且许多的家庭还拥有了私家车等等，孩子们对汽车不再陌生，具备了一定的生活经验。同时，车子也因它自身会动、会响等特性，吸引了孩子们的目光，特别是男孩子，家里总有几部玩具汽车。我们随时都可以看见他们小小的身影蹲在地上专注地玩着车子。生活中，公共汽车、出租车、小轿车、工程车、救护车、消防车、警车等常常吸引出孩子们的注意力，车子的声音也给孩子们留下了深刻的印象，他们常会在一起模仿各种车子发出的特殊声音，并在这中模仿活动中乐此不疲。 经常发现孩子们在发表各种见解：有的说“BRT最方便了，我和爸爸到月星看家具，就坐了，又快又便宜。”有的说：“我们家里有小车，爸爸妈妈还带我自驾游呢。”有的说：“我爷爷脑溢血，救护车开得可快了。”有的说：“我见过水泥搅拌车，力气最大了，可以边开边运水泥呢。”……随着汽车时代的到来，汽车已经进入了人们的平常生活中，不再是简单的“行”了，而是渗入了人们的生活、休闲、运动等各个方面，这对孩子们来说，就是最好的教育资源啊。 自然、社会是一部真实、丰富的百科全书，向幼儿展示了具体、形象、生动的学习情境，生活即课堂，社会即学校，我们围绕“汽车”这一教育资源，有效地整合多方资源，根据我园特点与孩子们的兴趣与已有经验，我们开展实施了《汽车总动员》主题活动，帮助幼儿了解汽车基本结构，获得乘车经验，学习遵守交通规则，建构汽车社区，养成
安全的乘车习惯等。 二、主题总目标 1.有效利用各种教育资源，帮助幼儿了解汽车的种类、基本结构 等相关信息，能用完整连贯的语言表达自己对汽车的认识。 2.运用多种手段，引导幼儿感受汽车在现实生活中的作用，体验 汽车与人们生活的关系。 3.幼儿尝试用多种方式表达、表现与汽车相关的感受和体验，感 受创造性活动的快乐。 四、资源利用 1.幼儿园资源： 物质资源：幼儿园科学室提供了各种各样的车模与车子的图片，可以为孩子们提供视 觉大餐，配套的各种教学图片、教学用的VCD、多媒体课件、录音磁带等。 人力资源：我们的教师有八名取得了小车的驾驶执照，对车辆的驾驶与交通规则比较熟悉，可以为孩子们提供正确的知识与经验。还
For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use 《疯狂原始人》讲述的是在史前一场地震过后，山洞人部落失去了自己的家园，族长Crug带领着族人在危险的野外跋涉，寻找新的家园。路上他们遇到了一个游牧部落落单的族人，后者凭借自己超前的思维和前卫的行为受到了山洞人的追捧并和Crug的长女暗生情愫。以下是谜语网小编为大家整理的有关疯狂原始人的经典台词，让我们一起在欢乐、诙谐、有寓意的对白中一起重温电影吧！ Guy: This is called a brain. I think that's where ideas go. T h u n k:D a d,I d o n't h a v e a b r a i n. 小盖：这是大脑，我想的很多点子都来自这里。(傻蛋)坦克：老爸!我没有大脑! G r u g:A c a v e!E v e r y o n e i n s i d e! G r a n:I t l o o k s t h e c a v e h a v e a t o n g u e!V e r y m a g i c a l! 爸爸:是洞穴!大家快进去! 奶奶：这洞穴还有舌头，真神奇! E a p:W h a t i s t h a t G u y:f i r e T h u n k: F i r e i s b i t t i n g m e! 小伊：这是什么? 小盖：是火。(傻蛋)坦克：火怎么会咬人啦! G u y:I c a l l t h e m s h o e s.
实验四路由器基本配置 一、实验目的 1.熟悉路由器开机界面； 2.掌握H3C路由器几种常用配置方法； 3.掌握H3C路由器基本配置命令。 二、实验环境 H3C路由器、标准Console配置线、双绞线、PC。 三、实验内容 1．预备知识 （1）MSR2600-30路由器规格说明 1:电源适配器插座2:电源开关3:千兆以太网接口GE 4:千兆以太网接口GE15:串行配置口CON/AUX6:USB配置口CON 7:USB接口 图A-2MSR26-30后视图
1:SIC接口模块32:SIC接口模块2 3:SIC接口模块14:接地端子 （2）H3C26-30结构 硬件组成： CPU(处理器） RAM(存储正在运行的配置文件、报文缓存) FLASH（负责保存OS的映像和路由器的微码） NVRAM（非易失，相当于硬盘，保存配置件） ROM（加载OS） 接口（完成路由器与其它设备的数据交换）
软件结构： BOOT ROM：主要功能是路由器加电后完成有关初始化工作，并向内存中加入操作系统代码。 COMWARE：华为路由器上运行的软件平台。 2.通过console口配置路由器 （1）搭建环境（类似配置交换机） （2）运行超级终端并设置通讯参数； （3）与路由器连接（按Enter键，将进入路由器视图）
3．路由器的各种视图 视图分类：用户视图、系统视图、路由协议视图、接口视图、用户界面视图。 路由器常用命令视图功能特性列表 视图名称功能提示符进入命令退出命令 系统视图配置系统参数[H3C]用户登录后即进入logout断开与路由器连接 RIP视图配置RIP协议参数[H3C-rip]在系统视图下键入rip quit返回系统视图 同步串口视图配置同步串口参数[H3C-Serial0] 在任意视图下键入 interface serial0 quit返回系统视图 异步串口视图配置异步串口参数[H3C-Async0] 在任意视图下键入 interface async0 quit返回系统视图 AUX接口 视图配置AUX接口参数[H3C-Aux0] 在任意视图下键入 interface aux0 quit返回系统视图 以太网接口 视图配置以太网口参数[H3C-Ethernet0] 在任意视图下键入 interface ethernet0 quit返回系统视图 ACL视图配置访问控制列表规则[H3C-acl-1]在系统视图下键入 acl1 quit返回系统视图 说明： (1)命令行提示符以网络设备名（缺省为H3C）加上各种命令视图名来表示，如“[H3C-rip]”。 (2)各命令根据视图划分，一般情况下，在某一视图下只能执行该视图限定的命令；但对于一些常用的命令，在所有视图下均可执行，这些命令包括：ping、display、debugging、reset、save、interface、logic-channel、controller。 (3)上表中有些视图需要首先启动相应功能，才能进入；有些视图需要首先配置相关限制条件，才能进入。 (4)在所有视图中，使用quit命令返回上一级视图，使用return命令直接返回系统视图。 4．系统的基本配置与管理 （1）路由器的名称配置（在系统视图下） 操作命令 配置路由器的名称sysname sysname
赛车总动员之人物介绍
英文名称：Lightning McQu een 中文名称：麦坤 人物特性：速度、激情 人物介绍： Lightning McQueen 是一个速度飞快地赛车新手，他已经成为赢得 Pisten Cup 冠军最年轻的赛车。在他的脑中，只有两件事，一个是夺冠，还有就是随之而来的一切。名誉、金钱、美女、直升机……一切都是他所梦想的。当 McQueen 在一个被遗忘的叫做 Radiator Springs 的小镇迷失的时候，他结识了一群新朋友，并且也让他重新考虑他的理想。Lightning McQueen 的最高时速是322公里(200英里)；0-60MPH 加速时间秒；他是 Pisten Cup Rookie of the Year ；V-8 引擎，750马力；他是95号，赞助商是 Rusteze Medicated Bumper Ointment。炫车殊荣：他是最快的4轮物体，不信问问他！He's the Fastest thing on four wheels. Just ask him. 酷车酷语：想知道我有多快告诉你吧，上一个跟上我的人是一个特棒的摄影师！ 你知道吗： 赛车总动员 | Cars | 2006 Lightning McQueen 本来的号码是57号，为了纪念导演 John Lasster 先生的出生年。后来为了纪念《玩具总动员》(Toy Story)首映的199 5年，号码改成了95。Lightning McQueen 的轮胎是 Lightyear (光年|莱特异)牌的，这个牌子和真实的轮胎品牌 Goodyear (固特异)相呼应，而且和 John Lasseter 的上一部电影《玩具总动员》的巴斯光年 (Buzz Lightyear) 的名字相呼应。Lighting McQuee n 这个人物参照了 Glenn McQueen ，他是2002年去世的皮克斯着名动画师。他曾经是
Eep(白): With every sun comes new day. A new beginning. A hope that things will be better today than they were yesterday. But not for me. My name is Eep. And this is my family. The Groods. If you weren’t clued already, by animal skin, and sloping forehead, we are cave man. Most days we spend in our cave. In the dark. Night after night, day after day. Yep, home sweet home. When we did go out, we struggled to find food. In a harsh and hostile world. And I struggled to survise my family. We are the last ones around. The Gorts, smashed by a mammoth. The Horks, swallowed by a sand snake. The Erfs, mosquito bite. The Throgs, common cold. And the Groods……That’s us. The Groods made it, because of my dad. He was strong, and he followed the rules. The ones painted on our cave walls: Anything new is bad, curiosity is bad, going out at night is bad……Basically, anything fun is bad. Welcome to my world! But this is a story about how all that changed in a instant. Because what we didn’t know, was that our world was about to come to an end. And there were no rules on our cave walls to prepare us for that. Grug: You’re supposed to wait for my signal, Eep. Eep? Eep: We’ve been in that cave forever. Grug: Three days is not forever. Eep: It is with this family. Grug: Eep, will you come down here? You been so ……so dramatic. Grug: No, no, no, Sandy, come back here! Remember the signal, good girls wait for the signal. Ugga…… Ugga: As soon as I getSandy, I’ll go back in, and you can give the signal. Grug: No, but you’re already out now. Thunk: I’m waiting for the signal, dad! Grug: Never mind, Thunk. Just come out. Thunk: Yep……But if you don’t give me the signal, how do I know you’re my dad? Grug: The signal isn’t so you know it’s me. It’s so you know I wasn’t eaten by an animal. Thunk: Wait, then why is the signal an animal noise? I mean, doesn’t that just confuse things? I……I’m still waiting for the signal. Ugga: Mum, we’re ready to leave! Mum? Ugga’s mum: Still alive! Grug: It’s still early. Ugga’s mum: And you’re still fat! Grug: Breakfast formation! I want to see some real caveman action out here! We do this fast, we do this loud, we do this as a family! And never! not! be! afraid! Thunk: Yay! Breakfast…… Grug: Who’s up? We’ll flip for it. Call her in the air. Eep: Heads! (Ugga’s mum: Ah!!!!!!) Grug: Tails. Thunk’s in. Positions! Ok, Thunk, go! Come on, Thunk. Way to go! Take it to the cave! (Thunk was fallen on the ground.) Oh. Release the baby! Ugga: Get’em, Sandy, go! Ugga: Get them, mum! Ugga’s mum: Old lady down! Eep, avenge me! Eep: Thanks!
co-production 联合拍摄 production摄制 Consultant 策划 project supervisor专案主管 executive producer执行监制 senior producer总监制 assiatant producer助理监制 Post-Production Supervisor 后期制片监制人P roducer 制片人 Production Controller 制片总监P roduction Director 监制人 Production Supervisor 制片监制C o-Producer 联合制片人 Associate Producer 助理制片人E xecutive Producer 执行制片 Produced by制作人production co-ordinator/continuity外联制片/场记 location manager 外联制片 production administration 行政制作 administration supervisor行政主管 marketing producer制片主任 production manager制片 production secreary制作秘书 production accountant制作会计 unit manager 项目经理c lapper 场记板 Chief Director 总导演 Director 导演A ssistant Director 助理导演Associate Director 副导演 Shooting Script 分镜头剧本O riginal Story 原著A dapted by 改编B ased on X’s Y （电影）根据X（作家）的Y（小说）改编W riter编剧 Written by / Scripted by 编剧 screenplay by 编剧 script translation 剧本翻译 english subtitles by英文字幕翻译 Conducted by 指挥 Director of Photography 总摄影C inematography摄影C inematography by 摄影A ssociate Director of Photography 副摄影师C utter 剪辑师M ontage 剪辑（蒙太奇 Film Editing剪辑first cameta assistant 副摄影师 camera assistant摄影助理 Fireworks 烟火Lighting 灯光，照明lighting assistant 灯光助理
路由器技术实验报告 ------------安徽工业大学计算机与科学技术学院
《路由器技术》实验指导书 一．实验总学时（课外学时/课内学时）：22 开实验个数： 7 二．适用专业：计算机专业 三．考核方式及办法：在规定实验时间内完成实验要求,依据实验过程、实验结果和实验报告综合考核。四．配套的实验教材或指导书：自编实验指导书 五. 实验项目： 实验一：Packet Tracer软件使用交换机的配置与管理 （内容一）：认识 Packet Tracer软件 Packet Tracher介绍 Packet Tracer 是 Cisco 公司针对CCNA认证开发的一个用来设计、配置和故障排除网络的模拟软件。Packer Tracer 模拟器软件比 Boson 功能强大，比 Dynamips 操作简单，非常适合网络设备初学者使用。学习任务： 1、安装 Packer Tracer； 2、利用一台型号为 2960 的交换机将 2pc机互连组建一个小型局域网； 3、分别设置pc机的ip 地址； 4、验证 pc 机间可以互通。 实验设备： Switch_2960 1 台；PC 2 台；直连线 配置信息： PC1 IP： Submask： Gateway： PC2 IP： Submask：：
（内容二）：交换机的基本配置与管理 1.实验目标： 掌握交换机基本信息的配置管理。 2.实验背景： 某公司新进一批交换机，在投入网络以后要进行初始配置与管理，你作为网络管理员，对交换机进行基本的配置与管理。 3.技术原理： 交换机的管理方式基本分为两种：带内管理和带外管理。 1.通过交换机的 Console 端口管理交换机属于带外管理；这种管理方式不占用交换机的网络端口，第一次配置交换机必须利用 Console端口进行配置。 2.通过Telnet、拨号等方式属于带内管理。 交换机的命令行操作模式主要包括： 用户模式 Switch> 特权模式 Switch# 全局配置模式 Switch(config)# 端口模式 Switch(config-if)# 4.实验步骤： 新建Packet Tracer 拓扑图 了解交换机命令行 进入特权模式(en) 进入全局配置模式(conf t) 进入交换机端口视图模式(int f0/1) 返回到上级模式(exit) 从全局以下模式返回到特权模式(end) 帮助信息(如、co、copy)
疯狂原始人中英对照字幕1 太阳升起又是新的一天 With every sun comes a new day. 2 一个崭新的开始 A new beginning. 3 人们总是希望今天比昨天强 A hope that things will be better today than they were yesterday. 4 对我来说无所谓我是伊普 But not for me. My name's Eep. 5 这是我的家族克鲁德一家 And this is my family. The Croods. 6 注意到没? 从我们穿的兽皮 If you weren't clued already, by animal skin 7 和倾斜的前额就能猜出我们是原始人。 and sloping forehead, we are cavemen.
8 大多时候我们呆在 Most days we spend in our cave, 9 黑暗的洞穴里 in the dark. 10 日复一日夜复一夜 Night after night, day after day. 11 多可爱的家啊 Yep. Home sweet home. 12 我们出去的时候为了寻找食物而奔波在 When we did go out, we struggled to find food 13 这个严酷而又冷漠的世界上。 in a harsh and hostile world. 14 而我还得拼命忍受我的家人。 And I struggled to survive my family. 15 我们是周围最后的遗民
最适合学习英语的50部影片及获得方法（双语4字幕可切换） 一、视频特点： ●内容：最适合学英语的50部高清英语动画片是选用当前最流行、最经典的迪士尼等原版动画为英语 教材，给立志学好英语的小朋友提供一个良好的学习氛围，寓教于乐，使小朋友们在欢声笑语中学会英语，讲好英语！为孩子的明日的辉煌打下坚实的基础，是孩子成材的好朋友！（当然也适合成人学习、观看） ●格式：每部动画均为真正的高清节目，MKV格式，文件大小为2－4G，第一辑50部动画电影总容量为 115G。传统rmvb,清晰度不高，而且字幕有些是内嵌的，无法切换，mkv是高清720P，1080P常用格式。本人亲测在37寸电视上有非常好的清晰效果。 ●播放：电脑上，一般播放软件都可以播放；智能电视上，具体看电视型号，您可看下电视说明，或找 个.mkv格式的视频试一下；硬盘播放器；蓝光DVD机。普通DVD碟机和普通平板电视不支持，如想在普通平板电视上播放，先将动画资料复制到电脑中，再用一根高清数据线将笔记本电脑与电视机连接播放，可以实现同等功能。 ●配音：2种配音随意切换，英语配音/国语配音（双语可切换）。 ●字幕：4种字幕随意切换，中英同显/英文独显/中文独显/关闭无字幕 ●剧本：每部影片都为您配有剧本，可供您编辑后打印使用，格式为.txt，可放在手机等设备当做电子 书使用，随时当口语材料练习。 二、获得方法 ●淘宝网购买：在淘宝网上有卖，最便的80多块钱。省时间就等于省钱，个人觉得花点钱，省时间值 得。为了让买家能最实惠的拿到片源，他们简化包装，用普通DVD刻录，50级部要30多DVD,DVD的成本就近60元，而且还会刻坏一些光盘。您看两次电影也得个80元吧，而购买本商品后，没有广告、不分时间。你可以想什么时间看就什么时间看。 ●网上下载，省钱：如果这点钱您也不愿意花，而且网速快的话。提供个好方法，下载vod播放器，在 搜索里输入电影名，一般都能找到，不过这种双语4字幕的就不好找了。可一边看，一边下载。看完也下载完了。 三、播放说明 ●切换配音：以暴风影音为例 播放时鼠标在界面上滑动右上角会出现画、音、字、播4个字。其中音是对配音进行设置，字是对字幕时行设置。 ●设置字幕： 如上述，点击“字”，再点选择，就可有多种字幕供选择。而且在字体里面还可设置，字体格式和大小。四、内容展示 第一辑 50部
路由器基本配置_实验报告 《组网技术》实验报告 姓名学号教学班计算机网络 任课教师王丽娟指导教师王丽娟班主任 2013-6-3 实验地点广西某家具公司机房实验时间 实验项目名称:路由器基本配置 实验目标及要求: 通过CISCO路由器,了解路由器的各个接口的用途、配接方法，路由器配置命令、状态模式的功能，在此基础上通过超级终端完成对路由器的各种基本配置，如:路由器的命名、特权密码的设置、LAN接口的配置、WAN接口的配置、静态路由的配置等等。并用命令保存和查验配置信息。 实验环境及工具: CISCO路由器，PC机，网线，专用电缆(RS232，V35)，CONSOLE。 实验内容及过程: 实验内容: 观察CISCO路由器，了解路由器基本知识; 学习电缆连接; 查看CISCO路由器的操作，了解路由器工作原理; 学习基本的路由器配置。 实验步骤: 配置相应的IP参数 打开计算机的“超级终端”程序 此超级终端内输入的命令都是对路由器A的操作，超级终端窗口内所有输出都是路由器A的 输出。 键入“,”列入命令提示。 7-A>? Exec commands: <1-99> Session number to resume access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry access-profile Apply user-profile to interface clear Reset functions connect Open a terminal connection disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection
一些适合高年级小学生看的英文电影：动画片《料理鼠王》（中英双语字幕英文配音）很有教育意义的片子，英语配音也很纯正动画片《闪电狗》，《流浪狗之家》， 08 年的《功夫熊猫》这个推荐； 《疯狂农庄》 《虫虫特工队》 《别惹蚂蚁》 《wall-E 》; 《玩具总动员》; 《海底总动员》; 《超人总动员》; 《怪物史莱克1,2,3》; 《冰河世纪1.2》。 《绒布小兔子》， 《疯狂金龟车》， 《马达加斯加》， 《魔法奇缘》， 《美人鱼蓝玉》， 《夏洛特的网》， 《天生一对》， 《水瓶座女孩》， 《灰姑娘之舞动奇迹》。 《米老鼠》、 《白雪公主》、 《灰姑娘》、 《阿拉丁神灯》 适合小学生看的英文电影 以下推荐一些适合小学生看的英文电影
动画片《料理鼠王》（中英双语字幕英文配音）很有教育意义的片子，英语配音也很纯正。 动画片《闪电狗》， 《流浪狗之家》， 08 年的《功夫熊猫》， 《wall-E 》， 《汽车总动员》， 《海底总动员》， 《超人总动员》， 《绒布小兔子》， 《疯狂金龟车》， 《马达加斯加》， 《魔法奇缘》， 《美人鱼蓝玉》， 《夏洛特的网》， 《天生一对》， 《水瓶座女孩》， 《灰姑娘之舞动奇迹》。 这些都是英文配音很正，并且适合小朋友看的，很有教育意义的片子。
《狐狸与孩子》法国 《放牛班的春天》法国 《蝴蝶》法国 《钢铁巨人》英国 《小鞋子》伊朗 《心中小星星》印度 《夏洛的网》真人版美国电影 《悬崖上的金鱼公主》动画电影 《父亲离家时》美国 《安妮》美国 《大魔欲》美国。德国家喻户晓的幻想文学大师米切尔?恩德的代表作《永不结束的故事》改编 《猪宝贝》美国 小公主》美国学习外语，单纯的说教，往往效率很低。特别是对于活泼、好动的小学生，教者就要多借助教具，设计符合学生生活实际的情景，非常必要。 动画片《料理鼠王》（中英双语字幕英文配音）很有教育意义的片子，英语配音也很纯正 动画片《闪电狗》 《流浪狗之家》，
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Funding for this program is provided by……Additional funding provided by……Last time,we argued aboutthe case ofThe Queen v. Dudley & Stephens,the lifeboat case,the case of cannibalism at sea.And with the arguments about the lifeboat in mind,the arguments for and against what Dudley and Stephens did in mind,let's turn back to the philosophy,the utilitarian philosophy of Jeremy Bentham.Bentham was born in England in 1748.At the age of 12, he went to Oxford.At 15, he went to law school.He was admitted to the Bar at age 19 but he never practiced law.Instead, he devoted his life to jurisprudence and moral https://www.doczj.com/doc/621934432.html,st time, we began to considerBentham's version of utilitarianism.The main idea is simply stated and it's this:The highest principle of morality,whether personal or political morality,is to maximize the general welfare,or the collective happiness,or the overall balance of pleasure over pain;in a phrase, maximize utility.Bentham arrives at this principle by the following line of reasoning:We're all governed by pain and pleasure,they are our sovereign masters,and so any moral system has to take account of them.How best to take account?By maximizing.And this leads to the principle of the greatest good for the greatest number.What exactly should we maximize?Bentham tells us happiness,or more precisely, utility -maximizing utility as a principle not only for individuals but also for
上机报告 姓名学号专业 班级 计科普1002 课程 名称 网络系统集成 指导教师机房 名称 （I520） 上机 日期 2012 年10 月26 日 上机项目名称实验三：路由器基本配置 上机步骤及内容： 实验目的 1．使用路由器配置静态路由、RIP协议、OSPF协议。掌握使用相应协议实现路由选择的方法。 2．通过在路由器上使用相关的检查和排错命令学习如何维护和分析RIP协议、OSPF 协议。 3．通过RIPv1和RIPv2配置过程的不同体会两者在实际使用上的差别。 实验要求 1．在路由器上配置静态路由、缺省路由； 2．配置RIP协议；配置OSPF协议； 3．掌握路由器接口配置，测试网络连通性； 4．理解每一步实验的作用，把实验的每一步所完成的任务详细地叙述清楚，并记录在实验报告上； 5．实验结束后上缴实验报告 实验仪器设备和材料清单 1．具备两个以太网端口的路由器三台，交换机两台； 2．两台具备以太网接口的PC机，分别连接路由器的内外网口，路由器端口、PC的IP地址可自己分配和设置 3．路由器拓扑结构成环状或线性连接； 4. 实验组网图。
图实验组网图 实验内容 1．完成路由器的基本端口配置，静态路由，缺省路由配置； 2．RIPv2协议配置； 3. OSPF协议配置； 4．通过在路由器上使用相关的检查和排错命令学习如何维护和分析RIP协议、OSPF 协议。 实验步骤 1．作路由器的端口IP地址配置，代码如下： 路由器r1 [H3C]sysname r1 [r1]int e0/1 [r1-Ethernet0/1]ip add 24 [r1-Ethernet0/1] %Oct 28 16:55:42:805 2012 r1 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1 is UP [r1-Ethernet0/1]int e0/0 [r1-Ethernet0/0]ip add 24 路由器r2 [H3C]sysname r2 [r2]int e0/1 [r2-Ethernet0/1]ip add 24 [r2-Ethernet0/1] %Oct 28 16:40:33:465 2012 r2 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1 is UP [r2-Ethernet0/1]int e0/0