The standard of PRC construction material industry
Clinker of Portland Cement
(JC/T583-1999)
Foreword
To meet with the requirement of trade of clinker of Portland Cement we made the standard as the quality check and accept basis of clinker of Portland Cement .The standard refers to the cement product standard of America material and test institute-- ASTM C150-1997
China cement standardized technology institute sums up the standard.
China construction material science institute and new style construction material institute draft the standard.
Zhang Datong and Xiao Zhongming draft the standard.
The standards submit to be explained by China construction material science institute and new style construction material institute.
1. Range
the standards regulate the definition、 classify 、requirement 、test method and check regulation etc.
The standards adapt to the situation when the quality of Portland cement was checked in the trade and was destined for the standard file.
2. Quoted standard
The lists included in the following standard become the list in the standard by quoting in the standard. When the standard is to be publican, all editions are valid. All standards will be adopted .the users should discussed the probability using the new style edition.
GB175-1999 Portland Cement 、ordinary Portland Cement
GB/T176-1996 cement chemical analysis method
GB/T750-1992 cement compressive boiling denseness capability test methods
GB/T1346-1989 cement standard denseness, setting time denseness capability tests methods.
3. GB/T17671-1999 cement sand ash strengthens test method. (ISO).
4. Definition and classify strengthen test method. (ISO).
3.1 Definition
The clinker of Portland Cement is the Portland Cement clinker in international( for short cement clinker),and is a mixing materials including CaO 、SiO 2、Al 2O 3,Fe 2O 3 and milled to fusibility raw meal after proportion. So the Portland cement is the hydration rigidity paste material mainly composed of mina material CaCO 3.
Classify
According to the main probability and purpose, the Portland cement can be classified to many kinds: currency, medial resist sulfur or medial hydration heat and high resist sulfur etc.
5. Requirement
4.1chemcial requirement
The clinker of all kinds of Portland cement should accord with the corresponding requirements in table 1 and table 2
Table 1 basic chemical requirement (%)
vertical kiln rotary kiln
MgO
（1)
losen Infusibility (2)SO 3C 3S+C 2S (3) CaO/SiO 2
≤2.5 ≤1.5 ≤5.0 ≤1.5 ≤0.75 ≤1.0 ≥66 ≥2.0
Note:
1) When the compressive heat invariability of P .I Portland Cement to be made reach up to the grade; it can permit to 6.0%.
2) The both sides can discuss it during the trade.
3) C3S and C2S can be accurate by the following formula:
C3S=4.07C-7.60S-6.72A-1.43F-2.85SO3-4.07f-CaO
C2S=2.87S-0.75C3S
In the formula C, S, A, F separately represented the quality percent of CaO, SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3.
Table 2 selected chemical requirement
Type R2O C3A f-CaO C3S Low alkali <=0.60 / / / Medial heat and medial resist <=0.6 <=0.50<=0.10 <55.0 High resist / <=3.0/ <50.0
Note: C3A can be accurate by the following formula:
C3A=2.65A-1.69F
In the formula A, F separately represented the quality percent of Al2O3 and Fe2O3.
4.2 Physical capability requirement
The Physical capability requirement of clinker of Portland cement can be expressed by the capability of P.I cement in GB175.
4.2.1 Setting time
First setting time cannot early than 45min and the fast setting time cannot later than 6.5h.
4.2.2 Invariability
Boiling up to grade
4.2.2 Strength
The compressive strength of all kinds of Portland Cement can not less than the regulation valve in the table 3.
Table 3 compressive strength
Compressive strength (Map) Clinker type Grade
3d28d
6253562.5 Ordinary, medial resist sulfate
5253052.5
4252542.5
6252662.5 Medial heat, resitst dufate
5252252.5
425/42.5
4.2.4 Other requirements
No admixture such firebrick, waste, waste iron, slag, limestone and clay etc. 6. Test method
5.1Chemcial requirement
Carry through according to GB/T176.
5.2 Physical requirement
The test of physical capability of clinker of Portland cement is milling the cement clinker in the φ500mm×500mm standard small mill mixing with the CaSO4.2 H2O and the specific surface should reach to 350m2/kg±10m2/kg.The residue 80 micron should be less than 4%. After this process, P.I Portland cement can be made. The SO3 content of the made cement should in the range of 2.0%~2.5%(can be discussed by both sides). All tests (except the 28-day strengthen) should be finished in the 10 days after the cement made.
5.2.1 Setting time and invariability
5.2.2 Compressive boiling capability.
Testing according to GB/T750.
5.2.3 Strengthen
Testing according to GB/T17671.
6 Checking and accepting regulation
6.1 Numbering and sampling
When the clinker trades the numbering and sampling should according to the delivery sequence delivering the clinkers and each numbering as a sampling unit.
The sampling of clinker should be re representative .the sampling may be continuous or take the equal quantity from the different parts of more than 20,and the sum quantity should be 16kg at least. The samplers taken should be test according to the regulation methods in the 5 chapter. The test item included all requirements checking the product. In order to test the well proportioned the sampling may take some divided samplers and involved side can discuss the detailed methods.
6.2 Delivering products and checking and accepting.
6.2.1When delivering products and checking and accepting we can take out the clinker products and make the test result as the proofs. We can make the test report of product leavening factory as proofs too. But both sides in the trade and need to make clear in the bargain or agreement will decide which methonds can be taken to check and accept.
6.2.2 When we take out the clinker products and make the test result as the proofs, the both sides should sample and sign seal before dispatching the product or the sites of delivering products. The samplers taken should be divided to two equal parts. One should be sealed with iron bucket for 40 days; buyers should test the other according to the regulation item in the standards and methods.
During the 40 days, when the buyer think the product can not reach the grade by testing and the sellers have different ideas, the both sides should send the sampler saved by seller to the province level or above province level institute recognized to be up the grade to test.
6.2.3 When we make the test report of cement as checking and accepting the buyer (submitted side) take out he sampler from the same numbers clinkers before dispatching the product or the sites of delivering products, and the both sides should keep three months after signing and sealing. During the three months if buyer have questioned about the quality of clinker, the both sides should send the sampler signed and sealed by both sides to the province level or above province level institute recognized to be up the grade to test.
The above sampler and test sampler sealed up for keeping should be put in the iron bucket and keep from more moisture
7. Transport and storage
The transport and storage of Portland cement should not be mixed with other things.
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字母书写有规律，右倾五度正合适。大写一律上两格，顶线与否长大看。小写字母怎么办？
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English Name（英语名）：_____________ Chinese Name（中文名）:_____________ Class（班级）:_____________ Number（学号）:_______________
26个英文字母 手写体
一、书写笔画总结 （1）一笔完成的字母： 大写：C G J L O S V W Z 26个英文字母 印刷体与手写体 对照表
小写：a b c d e g h k l m n o q r s u v w y z （2）两笔完成的字母： 大写：B D K M N P Q R T U X Y 小写：f i j p t x （3）三笔完成的字母： 大写：A E F H I （4）元音字母： Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu 二、英语字母书写格式（顺口溜） 字母书写有规律，右倾五度正合适。 大写一律上两格，上要顶线是原则。 小写字母怎么办？请你耐心往下看： 头上有“辫”上两格(b,d,h,k,l)， 有“尾”下面两格拖(g,q,y)， 无“辫”无“尾”中间格(a,c,e,m,n,o,r,s,u,v,w,x,z)， 惟有f,j,p占三格， i,t中上一格半，对照课本仔细看， 养成书写好习惯，关键还要反复练 三、书写练习
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3、问别人的名字应该说-—―:What ' your name ? 你叫什么名字？ B: My n ame ' Che nJ ie. 我的名字是陈洁。 4、跟别人分手应该说- A: Good bye!（再见） B: See you.（再见）Goodbye.（再见） 5、A: I have a ruler\an eraser 我有一把尺子一块橡皮。 B: Me too .我也有。 6、Show me your pen.让我看看你的钢笔。 7、Open your pencil--box.打开你的铅笔盒。 8、Close your book .关上你的书。 9、Carry your bag.背起你的书包。 第二单元1、早上相见应该说-一―:Good morning. 早上好！B: Good morning! 早上好! 2、下午相见应该说--- :Good afternoon! 下午好！B: Good afternoon! 下午好！3跟新朋友第一次见面一A: Nice to meet you!见到你很高兴。 B: Nice to meet you , too!见到你也很高兴！ 4、A: This is Mr Jones这是琼斯先生。 B: Nice to meet you!见到你很高兴。
5. A: Colour it brown. 把它涂成棕色吧！ B: Ok 好。 6、我看见—— I see green/red. 我看见绿色 /红色。 7、 Show me green. 给我看看绿色。 8、 Show me red. 给我看看红色。 9、 Show me blue. 给我看看红色。 10 、 Show me yellow. 给我看看黄色。 11 、 Black, black. Stand up. 黑色，黑色，站起来（起立） ! 12 、Orange, orange. Sit down. 橙色，橙色。坐下。 13 、 White, white. Touch the ground. 白色，白色，摸摸地。 14 、 Brown, brown.Turn around. 棕色，棕色，转个圈。 第三单元 1、 A: Let 's go to school! 让我们一起去上学！ B: OK! 好的。 2、看见久未见面的朋友或者别人身体不舒服，你该这么打招呼 A: How are you ? 你好吗？ B: I 'm fine ，thank you 我很好，谢谢你。也可以这样回答： Very well, thanks. 3、 A: Let 's make a puppet! 让我们做一个木偶 B: Great! 好极了！ 4、 A: Let 's paint. 让我们画画。 B. Ok 好 3、 18. A: I like it. 我喜欢它。 B: Thanks. 多谢。 4、 A:Look!A funny dog! 看，一只滑稽的狗。 B:Cool!I like it. 酷，我喜欢它。 5. Act like an elephant. 像大象一样表演。 （扮演一只大象。 ） .Act like a bird. 扮演一只鸟。 . Act like a tiger. 像老虎一样表演。 Act like a monkey. 扮演一只猴子。 Act like a panda. 扮演一只熊猫。 第五单元 1. A: I 'd like some juice, please. 请给我一些果汁。 B: Here you are. 给你。 2. A:Mom,I 'm hungry! 妈妈，我饿了 ! B: Have some bread. 吃些面包。 3. A: Can I have some water, please? 请给我一些水，好吗？ B: Here you are. 给你。 4. A: Here you are 给你。 B: Thank you. 谢谢你。 5. A: Thank you. 谢谢你。 B: You're welcome. 别客气。 5、 A: Let 's play. 让我们玩。 B: Ok. 好 6、 Close your eyes. 闭上你的眼睛。 Touch your nose. 摸摸你的鼻子。 Touch your face. 摸摸你的脸 7、 Look at me ！This is my face. 看我。 8、 Clap your hands. 拍拍你的手。 Wave your arms. 挥挥你的胳膊。 Shake your body. 摇摇你的身体 第四单元 1、 A: What 's that? 那是什么？ 2、 A: What 's this? 这是什么？ B:It 's a bear. Open your mouth. 张开你的嘴巴。 Touch your ear. 摸摸你的耳朵 这是我的脸。 Touch your head. 摸摸你的头 。 Shake your legs. 摇摇你的腿。 Stamp your foot. 跺跺你的脚。 B: It 's an elephant. 那是一只大象。 它是一只熊。
26个英文字母的发音规则 小学时期对于孩子学习英语来说也是黄金时期，所以要尽量在孩童时期就有对孩子的英语教育。下面就和大家分享26个英文字母的发音规则，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。 26个英文字母的发音规则 元音字母读音例词 a 在开音节中[ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中[?] bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中[i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中[e] bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节中[ou] those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中[C] clock not box shop sock u 在开音节中[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中[Λ] bus cup jump mu ch lunch
在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super 二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 元音字母读音例词 a在[w]音后面[C] want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前[α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前[ai] find child light high o在-st -ld前[ou] most postcard old cold o在m n v th前[Λ] come monkey love mother 三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母读音例词 a [E]E China another woman breakfast orange comrade village cabbage e [E] hundred student open weekend chicken pocket begin children i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal
英语字母共26个，字母的顺序与汉语拼音表的顺序是一致的。背诵不是难题，主要在于书写和发音。每个字母都有大、小写两种形式，平时书写时大都用小写字母，少量用大写字母；书写形式有印刷体和书写体；读音形式有升调和降调。 一、26个英文字母发音
英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如 1)含元音音素[ei] 字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk 音标: [ei] [eit∫] [d3ei] [kei] 2) 含元音音素[i:] 字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv 音标: [bi:] [si:] [di:] [i:] [d3i:] [pi:] [ti:] [vi:] 3) 含元音音素[e] 字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz 音标: [ef] [el] [em] [en] [es] [eks] [zed] 4) 含元音音素[ju:] 字母: Uu Qq Ww 音标: [ju:] [kju:] [`d?blju:] 5) 含元音音素[ai] 字母: Ii Yy 音标: [ai] [wai] 48个国际音标表
元音12个单元音 长元音[i:] [] [] [u:] [a:] 短元音[i] [] [] [u] [] [e] [] 8个双元音[ai] [ei] [i] [i] [] [] [u] [au] 辅音 10 对 清辅 音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [] [∫][] [tr] [ts] 浊辅 音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [] [][] [dr] [dz] 3个鼻音[m] [n] [] 3个似拼音[h] [r] [l] 2个半元音[w] [j] 二、26个英文字母书写 (一) 26个字母的书写格式（说明） 1、斜度：每个字母都要稍向右斜约15°左右，斜度要一致。 2、大写字母的书写规格是：上不顶天下立地。即笔画的上端稍 离第一线，笔画的下端必须紧贴第三线，不许离线也不许出格。 3、占中间格的小写字母有a,c,e,m,n,o,r,s,u,v,w,x,z 13个， 它们笔画的上端必须紧贴第二线，下端必须紧贴第三线，不许离线也 不许出格。 4、占一格、二格的小写字母有b,d,h,k,l共5个，它们笔画的 上端必须顶第一线，下端必须顶第三线，不许离线也不许出格。 5、小写字母i和t也占一格、二格。但t的上端在第一格中间， 短横重合第二线；i的小圆点在第一格中间稍偏下处。 6、占二格、三格的小写字母有g,q,y 3个，它们的笔画的顶端 要紧贴第二线，下端要紧贴第四线，不可离线也不可出格。 7、占一格、二格、三格的小写字母有f,j,p 3个。其中f的上 端稍离第一线（和大写字母一样），下端紧贴第四线，短横重合第二线；j的小圆点与i的小圆点位置相同，下面一笔的上端顶第二线， 下端紧贴第四线；p的上端略高于第二线，约占第一格的三分之一， 下端紧贴第四线。
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