全国2011年4月高等教育自学考试国际商务英语及答案
课程代码：05844
Ⅰ. T ranslate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese. (10%)
1. in a detour 迂回
2. competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值
3. consignor 寄售人
4. customer mobility 客户流动性
5. escape clauses 豁免条款
6. share holders 股东
7. potential loss 潜在损失
8. carrying vessel 运载船只
9. negligent 粗心大意
10. specific duty 从量税
Ⅱ. T ranslate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English. (10%)
11.债权国The credit country
12.国际合同International contract
13.定期付款/分阶段付款Term payment
14.被保险人The insured
15.人口计划The population plan
16.特惠税The preferential duty
17.基础设施项目Infrastructure construction project
18.装箱单Shipping list
19.破产Disrupted
20.土地和劳动力Land and labor force
Ⅲ. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right. (10%)
21. facilities( d )a. the price or cost of transportation
22. premises( g ) b. easily to go bad
23. middleman( f ) c. not to do something that has been arranged or decided upon
24. perishable ( b ) d. something designed, built or installed to serve a specific
function or perform a particular service
25. access( j ) e. the act of paying a bill, debt, charge, etc.
26. controversy( i ) f. trader through whom goods pass between the producer and
the customer
27. carriage( a ) g. a tract of land including its buildings
28. settlement( e ) h. an official group of persons who direct or supervise some
activities of a firm
29. board( h ) i. public argument about something which many people
disagree with
30. cancel( c ) j. a way by which a place, esp. property can be reached or
entered or used
Ⅳ. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English. (10%)
31. term draft 远期汇票
A draft which requires to pay after sight or in a given period of time after representation of relevant documents.
32. transferable credit 可转让信用证
Credit which can be transferred to other parties during the transportation of goods.
33. direct quote 直接报价
A certain amount of foreign currency, usually one unit or one hundred unit, is marked with equivalent amount of home currency.
34. acquisition 收购
Buying existing facilities
35. GA TT 关税和贸易总协定
The General Agreement of Tariff and Trade.
V. Answer the following questions in English. (20%)
36. What are the five major modes of the modern freight transportation system?
Water, air, road, rail, pipeline
37. What do ―valued‖ policies mean?
V alued policies mean that a country provide investors with preferential polic ies for insured return in order to attract foreign investment.
38. What is the purpose to establish GSP(the Generalized System of Preference)?
The purpose of GSP is to help development of developing countries by provide tariff concession to them.
39. What is the relationship between MNEs and their host countries?
The relationship of MNEs and their host countries is interdependable and interactive.
Ⅵ. T ranslate the following into Chinese. (15%)
40. The Bank for International Settlement (BIS) is a unique institution. Many of its operations are of types normally performed by a commercial bank, but it is owned principally by central banks, and managed by central banks and its principal customers are central banks. The objects of BIS are to promote the cooperation among central banks and to provide additional facilities for international operations.
国际结算银行是一个独特的机构。尽管它拥有商业银行的许多常规业务，但它却是由中央银行拥有，管理并将各国央行作为其主要客户。它的目标是促进各国央行间的合作，从而为国际贸易提供额外的支持。
41. In the 1970s and 1980s counter trade was different from the old practice although some similarities remained. Current counter trade partners are not necessarily familiar partners and goods exchanged are sometimes vertically related. Current counter trade can be categorized as follows.
20世纪七八十年代，对销贸易尽管保留一些与过去相似的地方，但它却与过去明显不同。它的贸易伙伴不再是熟悉的伙伴，交易的商品也并不总是垂直相关的。现行的对销贸易可分类如下。
Ⅶ. T ranslate the following into English. (25%)
42．跨国公司是在一个以上国家拥有、控制和经营资产的商业组织。
MNC refers to an commercial organization which owns, controls and manages asset in more other one country.
43．世界各国被世界银行分为三大领域：高收入国家，中等收入国家和低收入国家。
Countries in the world are grouped into four categaries by the World Bank:high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries.
44．企业投保的主要刺激是他们可以腾出资金，进行其他项目的投资。
The main stimulas for intreprises to insure is that they can release their funds and invest in other projects.
45．信用证的付款方式对买卖双方都提供了保障。
The payment of credit provides assurance to both the buyers and the sellers.
46．世界上任何一个地方任何一种社会的经济增长都与利用运输有直接的关系。
In any place of the world, the economic growth of any society has a direct relation with the adoption of transportation.
全国2010年7月高等教育自学考试
国际商务英语试题
课程代码：05844
Ⅰ. T ranslate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese （10%）
1. income distribution of a market 市场收入分布
2. set forth 陈述,阐明
3. clean credit 光票信用证
4. equity investment 股权投资
5. akin to 同类,近似
6. endowment of nature 自然的赋予
7. all risks 一切险
8. non-trade settlement 非贸易结算
9. standing committee 常务委员会
10. comparative advantage 比较利益
Ⅱ. T ranslate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English（10%）
11.自由贸易区free trade zone
12. 进口税import duty
13. 开证银行opening bank
14. 中间产品intermediate product
15. 对外直接投资foreign direct investment
16. 技术转让transfer of technology
17. 特别提款权special drawing rights
18. 制成品finished goods
19. 外汇短缺foreign exchange shortage
20. 配额限制quota restraint
Ⅲ. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right（10%）
21. productive a. one in which one of the parties agrees to supply, at the contract price, a complete product
ready for use, such as a new home, factory, ship, etc.
22. primary commodities b. absence of agreement
23. hyperinflation c. to substitute a claim against one person for a claim against another person
24. discrepancy d. a person who owns money
25. practitioner e. producing in high efficiency or in large quantity
26. turnkey project f. those commodities not processed, or only slightly processed, usually farm produce or raw
materials
27. constitute g. money held aside to meet future demand
28. subrogate h. make up; amount to; form
29. reserve i. a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation
30. debtor j. soaring of prices beyond control
21.__e____ 22. ___f___23. ___j___24. ___b___25. __i____
26. __a____27. ___h___28. ___c___29. ___g___30. __d____
Ⅳ. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English （10%）
31. drawback:
a tariff treatment under which a country is required to extend to all the signatories any tariff concessions granted to any participating countries.
32. confirmed credit:
If a credit is confirmed by a bank other than the issuing bank, it is a confirmed credit.
33. dirty float:
The central banks take various measures to intervene in the price of its currency, the current practice is often called a managed float or dirty float.
34. international licensing:
In international licensing, a firm release the right to use its intellectual property to an firm in another country. Such property may be trademarks, brand names patents, copyrights, or technology.
35. IMF:
Short for International Monetary Fund, was created in December, 1945 to oversee the functioning of the international monetary system.
Ⅴ. Answer the following questions in English（20%）
36. Why is it necessary to change the term “marine insurance”into “transportation insurance”?
Because goods do not go overseas solely by sea –air transport takes an increasing share of cargo these days. Similarly export cargo moves to the hinterland in the same way.
37. What institutions does the World Bank Group consist of?
The World Bank Group consists of three affiliates: the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC) and the Multilateral Investment Grantee Agency (MIGA).
38. Why does the exporter sometimes require a confirmed letter of credit?
Because the credit mount is too large or because the exporter does not fully trust the opening bank.
39. What are the two wheels of APEC?
The two wheels are trade and investment liberation and facilitation and economic and technical cooperation.
Ⅵ. T ranslate the following into Chinese （15%）
40. It should be noted, however, that the existence of a letter of credit is not a guarantee of payment to anyone. Its existence only assures payment to the beneficiary if the terms and conditions of the letter of credit are fulfilled. In addition, a letter of credit does not insure that the materials purchased will be those invoiced or shipped.
然而应该注意到，有了信用证并不能保证对任何人付款，信用证只保证在其条款得到满足的情况下对受益人付款。
另外，信用证不担保发票载明的货物或实际装运的货物就是所购货物。
41. The IFC was established in 1956. Its function is to assist the economic development of less-developed countries by promoting growth in the private sector of their economies and helping to mobilize domestic and foreign capital for this purpose. Membership in the IBRD is a prerequisite for membership in the IFC.
国际金融公司成立于1956年，其宗旨是通过促进经济中私营企业的增长并为此目的帮助调动国内外资本，从而援助不发达国家的经济发展。参加国际金融公司的会员必须是世界银行的会员。
Ⅶ. T ranslate the following into English（25%）
42. 在所有条款中，买卖双方各自的义务排列在10项标题下。
Under all terms, the respective obligations of the buyer and the seller are grouped under ten headings.
43.随着制造业和技术的发展，出现了另一个刺激贸易的因素，即国际专业化。
With the development of manufacturing and technology, there arose another incentive for trade, i.e. international specialization.
44.外汇汇率有三种形式，即：买进汇率，售出汇率和两者的平均值——中间汇率。
There are three types of foreign exchange price namely：the buying rate, the selling rate and the average of the previous two - the medial rate.
45.这些机构的共同目标是通过把发达国家的资金输送到发展中国家帮助这些国家提高生活水平。
The common objective of these institutions is to help raise standards of living in developing countries by channeling financial resources to them from developed countries.
46.自从进入WTO后，中国商业银行及保险行业日益受到来自国外同行的竞争。
Chinese commercial banks and insurance enterprises have faced the increasing competition from their foreign counterparts since China entered WTO.
全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试
国际商务英语试题
课程代码：05844
Ⅰ. T ranslate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese （10%）
1. customs area 关税区
2. roll on-roll off traffic
3. amendment
4. gold standard
5. gilt-edged stocks
6. compound duties
7. discount rate
8. certificate of quality
9. national treatment
10. cost economies
Ⅱ. T ranslate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English（10%）
11．世界银行the World Bank
12. 互利贸易
13. 保兑信用证confirmed letter of credit
14. 装船通知
15. 增值税
16. 追溯到
17. 原产地港口
18. 货物保险
19. 商品交易会trade fairs
20. 目的地
Ⅲ. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right（10%）
21. integration a. the act of putting money to use in something offering profitable returns
22. voluntary offer b. connecting with the sea or navigation
23. draft c. producing optimum results for the expenditure
24. viability d. combining into a whole
25. investment e. a person or an organization etc. that receives something
26. export earnings f. the amount paid by an insured for coverage under the contract
27. maritime g. an offer made on the initiative of the offerer
28. premium h. money earned on the sale of goods to other countries
29. cost-effective i. ability to succeed in operation
30. recipient j. an unconditional order to someone to pay a sum of money
Ⅳ. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English （10%）
31. absolute advantage
32. irrevocable credit
33. indemnity
34. green field strategy
35. APEC
Ⅴ. Answer the following questions in English（20%）
36. Why is it necessary to revise Incoterms in 1990?
37. Why was the Special Drawing Right created?
38. What contents should be included in a firm offer?
39. What does international business refer to?
Ⅵ. T ranslate the following into Chinese （15%）
40. In insurance of all risks, the insurer is responsible for total or partial loss or damage to the insured goods arising from natural elements or from sea perils, including all losses caused by accidents to the carrying vessels or craft or by any external causes. But it does not, as its name suggests, really cover all risks.
41. The term Triad refers to the three richest regions of the world, the United States, the European Union and Japan that offer the most important business opportunities. Any international enterprise must bear Triad in mind if they want to be successful in the increasingly competitive world market.
Ⅶ. T ranslate the following into English（25%）
42.在正常的市场交易中，由于使用货币及市场手段，货物的买与卖是分别进行的。
43.国际股票交易所提供了一种途径，使人们的存款能够为那些需要资金的人所利用。
44.光票信用证主要用于非贸易结算，而在商品贸易中一般使用跟单信用证付款。
45.无论人们是否喜欢，经济全球化已成为世界经济发展中的一个客观趋势。
46.商业发票是对货物的质量、数量、单价和总价的一般描述。
全国2009年7月自考国际商务英语试卷
课程代码：05844
Ⅰ. T ranslate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese （10%）
1. copyright
2. per capita income
3. non-discrimination principle
4. broker
5. exchange rate
6. deferred payment
7. common carrier
8. contracting parties
9. validity period
10. ad valorem duty
Ⅱ. T ranslate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English（10%）
11. 比较利益（优势）
12. 跨国公司
13. 专业化
14. 金融市场
15. 循环信用证
16. 空运提单
17. 有价证券
18. 间接标价
19. 有形贸易
20. 发票
Ⅲ. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right（10%）
21. firm offer a. a subsidiary company controlled by another
22. shipping marks b. all forms of man-made obstructions to international trade other
than tariffs, including prohibitions and quotas, etc.
23. affiliate c. capacity that can move or be moved easily and quickly from
place to place
24. insurance policy d. of persons, the public, having the money to buy goods and
services
25. reimburse e. large-scale public services, such as water and power supplies, road,
rail and radio communications, etc. needed to support economic
activity, esp. industry, trade and commerce
26. infrastructure f. pay back to somebody for the expenses he has spent
27. protectionism g. the theory of the system of developing home industries through
duties and other means imposed on competitive imports
28. mobility h. an offer whose terms and conditions are binding on the offerer
29. non-tariff barrier i. what is printed on the outer packing of goods as symbol for
identification in the course of transportation
30. purchasing power j. a document used for covering possible risks
Ⅳ. Make brief explanations of the following terms in English （10%）
31. clean credit
32. offeree
33. intellectual property
34. joint venture
35. gold reserves
Ⅴ. Answer the following questions in English（20%）
36. What are the 3 major functions of bill of lading?
37. Explain briefly the following terms: applicant; opening bank; beneficiary; advising bank; confirming bank.
38. What are the advantages of counter trade?
39. What is documentary collection? Point out the different types of it.
Ⅵ. T ranslate the following into Chinese （10%）
40. The transferable credit is designed to meet the requirements of international trade. It enables a middleman who is receiving payment from a buyer under a documentary credit to transfer his claim under that credit to his own supplier. In this way he can carry out transactions with only a limited outlay of his own funds. A transferable credit may only be transferred once. The second beneficiary may not further transfer it unless there is an express provision to this effect in the original credit. This limit on transferability is intended to prevent abuse.
41. A contract is an agreement by which two parties mutually promise to buy or sell some products. In practice, some informal contracts may be reached orally. This is understandable, but may lead to unfortunate consequences. A
reasonable exporter should at least insist on strict observance of the legal requirements in case of orders that are not routine transactions. When the goods ordered represent a considerable value, a formal contract embodying all terms of the agreement should be prepared in duplicate; each copy should be signed by both parties, and each party should retain a copy of the contract.
Ⅶ. T ranslate the following into English（30%）
42. 尽管中国取得了很大的成就，但仍然面临巨大的挑战。一部分挑战和竞争来自于农业、银行业和保险业，还有一部分来自于一些国家所采取的贸易保护主义措施。
43. 没有可保利益的保险合同是无效的。而任何根据这类合同提出的索赔都不会被受理。
44. 最近几年运输功能引人注目的另一个因素就是越来越多的使用零库存系统。这种系统是以公司保持很少数量的生产投入为基础的。
45. 已装船提单表明货物已实际装上开往目的港的承运船只。
46. 国际货币基金组织旨在向那些在付款方面有困难的基金会员国提供中期贷款。
全国2009年4月自学考试国际商务英语试题
课程代码：05844
I. T ranslate the following words and expressions: (10%)
(i) From English into Chinese:
1. usance credit
2. certificate of origin
3. intermediate products
4. compensation trade
5. securities
(ii) From Chinese into English:
6.经济一体化
7.母公司
8.还盘
9.保兑行
10.充分就业
II. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right: (5%)
( )11. preference a. a limit placed by a government on the amount of imports or
exports of a commodity
( )12. mandate b. a practical advantage given to one over others
( )13. quota c. social or natural calamities that take place beyond the control of a
contracting party
( )14. affiliate d. authority given to perform a duty
( )15. force majeure e. a business concern owned or controlled in whole or in part by
another concern
III. Make brief explanations of the following terms and give the full name of the abbreviation in English: (20%)
16. gross domestic product (GDP)
17. direct exchange rate
18. bill of exchange
19. insurable interest
20. ICC
IV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list (Y ou can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square): (10%)
lack result medium therefore by in
barter money equal with but exchange
Historically, counter trade was mainly conducted in the form of (21) ________, which is a direct exchange of goods of approximately (22)________ value between parties, with no (23) ________ involved. Such transactions were the very essence of business at times during which no money — that is, no common medium of (24)________ — existed or was available. Over time, money emerged as a convenient (25)________ that unlinked transactions from individua l parties and their joint timing and (26)________ permitted greater flexibility in trading activities. Repeatedly, however, we can see returns to the barter system as a (27)________ of environment circumstances. Conditions that encourage such business activities are (28) of money, lack of value of or faith (29) ________ money, lack of acceptability of money as an exchange medium, or greater ease of transaction (30)________ using goods.
V. T ranslate the following into English: (25%)
31. 就出口商的利益而言，即期付款交单比远期付款交单有利。
32. 高收入国家和地区是高档消费品的主要市场，在吸引外资和对外投资方面都处于有利地位。
33. 绝对利益理论认为，一种商品将在其耗费资源成本低的国家进行生产。
34. 固定汇率制降低了国际贸易中的风险，并是抑制通货膨胀的重要手段。
35. APEC 建立于在澳大利亚首都召开的一次部长级会议，当时有12个成员国出席。
VI. T ranslate the following into Chinese: (15%)
36. Today few, if any, countries are economically self sufficient. Even China, with its vast human and natural resources, has not been able to remain aloof from the world economy. In the United States, international business touches people’s lives daily. Common goods and services such as Shell gasoline stations, often identified with the United States, are, in fact,
foreign owned.
International business is business conducted in more than one country, including buying and selling goods and services. Other international business activities include marketing, manufacturing, mining, and farming. In sum, international business is all the practices a business in a single country does, but at the international level.
VII. Answer the following questions in English: (15%)
37. Who introduced the theory of comparative advantage? Which theory makes more sense, absolute advantage or comparative advantage? Give a typical example to illustrate the comparative advantage of a particular country.
38. Why is controlling costs a first major motivation for firms to undertake FDI?
全国2008年7月自考试题国际商务英语
课程代码：05844
I. Translate the following words and expressions:(10%)
(i) From English into Chinese:
1. purchasing power parity
2. documents against acceptance
3. insurance policy
4. just-in-time inventory
5. tax holiday
(ii) From Chinese into English:
6. 特许经营
7. 关税同盟
8. 外汇市场
9. 证券交易所
10. 差别待遇
II. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right:(5%)（）11. subrogate a. to develop the use of, make the best use of
（）12. exploit b. the marketing, transporting, merchandising,
and selling of any item
（）13. carriage c. the sending of money or the money sent
（）14. remittance d. the price or cost of transportation
（）15. distribution e. to substitute a claim against one person for a
claim against another person
III. Make brief explanations of the following terms and give the full name of the abbreviation in English:(20%)
16. Generalized System of Preference
17. selling rate
18. consignee
19. Incoterms
20. EU
IV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list (You can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square):(10%)
Promise trustworthy payment bank conditional paid
With exporter importer as stronger to
A letter of credit being the undertaking of the issuing bank to make (21)______ , the reputation, and the financial strength of that (22)______ are of prime importance. The (23)______ the bank’s financial standing is and the more prestigious the bank is, the more (24)______ its letter of credit appears.
Furthermore, it should be noted that the bank’s undertaking to pay as provided in a letter of credit is a (25)______ one. The bank will live up to its promise only when the stipulations in the letter of credit are complied (26)______ by the beneficiary in due course. In other words, the beneficiary , the (27)______ in foreign trade, will be (28)______ only after he has duly fulfilled his obligations (29)______ stated in the credit.
In summation, a letter of credit is a bank’s conditional (30)______ to make due payment to the beneficiary.
V. Translate the following into English:(25%)
31. 外国直接投资主要有三种形式：建立新企业，购买现成设备和建立合资公司。
32. 世界500 强企业中有160多家企业总部设在美国，这160多家企业中有24 家是全球前百名企业。
33. GDP 计算的是在一个经济体地理区域内所生产的所有实物产品和服务价值。
34. 国际商务的另一种重要形式是由一国居民向另一国提供资金，称为国际投资。
35. 每一份保险合同都需要有可保利益的支持，否则它就是无效的。
VI. Translate the following into Chinese:(15%)
36. After years of extraordinarily rapid development of its economy, Japan advanced to the rank of second most technologically-powerful economy in the world after the US, but growth slowed down markedly in the 1990s, averaging just 1.7%, largely because of the after—effects of over-investment during the late 1980s. Government efforts to revive economic growth have met with little success and were further hampered in 2000-2003 by the slowing of the US, European, and Asian economies. Japan’s huge government debt, which totals more than 150% of GDP, and the aging of the population are two major long-run problems.
VII. Answer the following questions in English:(15%)
37. What is the basic feature of economic globalization? And what major roles does it play?
38. What is an international turnkey project? In what way is its variant BOT different from it?
全国2008年4月自考国际商务英语试卷
课程代码：05844
I. T ranslate the following words and expressions:(10%)
(i) From English into Chinese:
1. intellectual property
2. economic globalization
3. trade credit account
4. common carrier
5. grace period
(ii) From Chinese into English:
6. 关税壁垒
7. 起运港
8. （汇率）间接标价
9. 资本市场
10. 反倾销
II. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right:(5%)
（）11. infrastructure a. to restrict one’s economic activities to certain particular fields
（）12. drawback b. a person who carries on insurance as a business
（）13. underwriter c. Large-scale public services, such as water and power supplies, road, rail and radio
communications, etc. needed to support economic activities, esp. industry, trade
and commerce
（）14. specialization d. to keep fixed or unchanged
（）15. peg e. duties paid on imported goods that are refunded when re-exported III. Make brief explanations of the following terms and give the full name of the abbreviation in English:(20%)
16. free trade area
17. joint venture
18. opening bank
19. indemnity
20. BOT
IV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list (Y ou can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square):(10%)
motives which carried penetration over costs
long-term conclusion contrast securities by too Foreign investment is of two kinds, portfolio investment and direct investment. Portfolio investment is a kind of investment in (21) the investor does not exercise any managerial control. The investor either holds foreign bonds or other non-equity (22) which do not confer ownership rights or the investor holds stock shares (or other equities) in a foreign company in an amount (23) small to exercise any managerial control. In (24) , foreign direct investment is a (25) equity investment in a foreign company that gives the investor managerial control (26) that
company.Foreign direct investments are mainly (27) out by multinational corporations. Surveys and cases studies indicate that their common (28) for making foreign direct investments are based on strategic considerations involving market (29) , technological know-how, reducing (30) of distribution and transportation, labor, raw materials and political factors.
V. T ranslate the following into English:(25%)
31. 信用证不能给缔约双方提供绝对的安全。
32. 还盘可以针对发盘中的价格，付款条件，装运时间或其它条款提出。
33.《国际贸易术语解释通则》的目的在于为外贸业务中使用最普通的贸易术语提供一套国际解释通则。
34. 国际商务比国内商务涉及的因素更多，因而更复杂。
35. 期权是一种合同，这种合同给予在特定时间内以商定价格买进或卖出某种证券的权利。
VI. T ranslate the following into Chinese:(15%)
36. Documentary collection is a means of payment ensuring that the goods are only handed over to the buyer when the amount shown on a bill of exchange is paid or when the customer accepts the bill as a contract to pay by a specified date.
The exporter sends the bill of exchange and the shipping documents to his bank, which forwards them to a bank in the customer’s country. This bank, or the exporter’s agents in the country concerned, takes the documents to the customer. If it is a sight bill, the customer pays the amount directly. If it is a time bill, he signs the bill, which means he has “accepted”it for payment within a certain specified time. In return for either payment or acceptance of payment, the customer is handed the shipping documents which give title to the goods.
VII. Answer the following questions in English:(15%)
37. What are the factors that decide the types of documents require for a particular transaction?（7分）
38. Is an enquiry binding on the enquirer? What is a first enquiry, and what information should be given in it?（8分）
全国2007年7月高等教育自学考试
国际商务英语试题
课程代码：05844
I. T ranslate the following words and expressions: (10%)
(i) From English into Chinese:
1. contract manufacturing
2. tariff schedule
3. voluntary offer
4. credit worthiness
5. the greenfield strategy
(ii) From Chinese into English:
6. 贸易术语
7. 不可撤销信用证
8. 自给自足
9. 储备货币
10. 所得税
II. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right: (5%)
( )11. veto a. after presentation of the draft
( )12. shipping marks b. the company that can make use of an L/C to get paid for its export
( )13. after sight c. what is printed on the outer packing of goods as symbol for identification in
the course of transportation
( )14. forum d. right to reject or forbid something
( )15. beneficiary e. an outlet for discussion of matters of interest to a given group
III. Make brief explanations of the following terms and give the full name of the abbreviation in English: (20%)
16. buyback
17. gross national product
18. most-favored-nation treatment
19. multi-model transportation
20. IMF
IV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list (Y ou can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square): (10%)
Fluctuate depreciate appreciate to case demand
Exceeds with risky upward exchange existence
Floating rate gradually came into (21)______ in 1970’s due to increase of foreign economic disturbances. The floating rate system allows the exchange rate to (22)______ from day to day totally depending on the supply and (23)______ situation on the market. Compared (24)______ fixed rate, the floating rate system is more (25)______ to traders, especially exporters and importers, the anticipated profit can be simply offset by the discount incurred due to (26)______ rate fluctuation. Where the supply of foreign currency (27)______ its demand, the value of this foreign currency will (28)______ and the price of the national currency in terms of this foreign currency w ill be forced up. In this (29)______, exchange rate of foreign currency is called floating downward. Oppositely, the exchange rate of the foreign currency would be called floating (30)______ if demand exceeds supply.
V. T ranslate the following into English: (25%)
31. 经济全球化不仅涉及经济，而且对政治、文化、价值观和生活方式都有重要影响。
32. 建立跨国企业的目的是获取利润，利润无疑是跨国企业股东们的基本要求。
33. 合同是在协议基础上制定的，而协议是商务谈判的结果。
34. 在特定条件下，提高利率可以吸引国外短期资金，提高一国的外汇汇率。
35. 在知识产权保护不力的国家，最好不要采用国际许可经营。
VI. T ranslate the following into Chinese: (15%)
36. There is a general misconception that market-seeking FDI in domestic sectors such as retail yields little development
impact. The opposite is true. FDI in retail has been a key driver of productivity growth in Brazil, Poland, and Thailand,
resulting in lower prices and higher consumption. Large-scale foreign retailers are also forcing wholesalers and food processors to improve. And they are now becoming important sources of exports: Tesco in Thailand and Wal-Mart in Brazil are increasingly turning to local products to feed their global supply chains. Retail also happens to be a pillar of the tourism industry.
VII. Answer the following questions in English: (15%)
37. Give a brief account of the characteristics of MNEs.
38. What is the highest form of economic integration? Describe briefly the characteristics of such a form.
全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试
国际商务英语试题
课程代码：05844
I. T ranslate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese (10%)：
1. counter trade
2. hyperinflation
3. European Payment Union
4. consignment
5. debit
6. drawee
7. partial shipment
8. confirmed credit
9. entrepreneur
10. client
II. T ranslate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English (10%)：
11. 肮脏浮动
12. 中间价
13. 汇率
14. 有价证券
15. 普惠制
16. 国民待遇
17. 反贴补措施
18. 免责条款
19. 殖民地
20. 领土
III. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanation on the right (10%)：
( )21. permanent a. lasting
( )22. ratify b. a person or thing that closely resembles another in position or function
( )23. optimal c. the state of being a member of a certain organization
( )24. membership d. authority given to perform a duty
( )25. joint venture e. an outlet for discussion of matters of interest to a given group
( )26. tax holiday f. a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation
( )27. practitioner g. make an agreement or a treaty officially valid by signing it
( )28. mandate h. a period of time during which tax is not levied
( )29. counterpart i. best or most favourable
( )30. forum j. a business where the provision of risk capital is shared between two or
more firms
IV. Make brief explanations of the following terms in English (10%)：
31. recipient
32. world company
33. inflation
34. applicant of an L/C
35. middleman trader
V. Answer the following questions in English (20%)：
36. How do you define “transportation”?
37. What are clean drafts?
38. What is a usance credit?
39. What is foreign direct investment?
VI. T ranslate the following passage into Chinese (10%)：
40.A straight bill of lading is made out so that only the named consignee is entitled to take delivery of the goods under the bill. This consignee is designated by the shipper. The carrier has to hand over the cargo to the named consignee, not to any third party in possessio n of the bill. This kind of bill of lading is not transferable. The shipper can’t pass the bill to a third party by endorsement. Because of the limited functions, this bill is in very restricted application. When goods are shipped on a non-commercial basis, such as samples or exhibits, or when the goods are extremely valuable, a straight bill of lading is generally issued.
VII. T ranslate the following sentences into English (30%)：
41. 经济联盟的成员国不仅要在税收，政府开支，企业策略等方面保持一致，而且还应使用同一的货币。
42. 在国际贸易中进出口双方都面临风险，因为总存在对方不履约的可能。
43. 保险是一种风险转移机制。通过保险个人或企业可以将生活中一些不确定因素转移给其他人。
44. 合同依法实施，未能履行合同义务的一方可能受到起诉，并被强制做出赔偿。
45. 国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而比国内贸易复杂得多。
2007年4月自考国际商务英语试卷参考答案
I．1．对销贸易，反向贸易2．极度通货膨胀3．欧洲支付联盟4．寄售
5．借方6．受票人7．分批装运8．保兑信用证9．企业家l0．顾客
II. 11. dirty float 12. medial rate 13. exchange rate 14. securities
15. Generalized System of Preferences 16. national treatment
17. counter-veiling-measures 18. escape clauses 19. colony 20. territory
III. 21.a 22. g 23. i 24. c 25. j 26. h 27. f 28.d 29.b 30. e
IV.31. A person or an organization etc. that receives something
32. A multinational company whose national identity has been blurred
33. Rise in prices brought about by the excess demand, expansion of money supply, credit etc
34. The importer that goes to a bank for the establishment of an L/C
35. Person through whom goods pass between the producer and the consumer
V．评分参考意见：回答正确，基本上没有语法与拼写错误，用词基本上达意，满分；回答略微偏离题意，扣1。2分，回答不符合题意，扣2—3分。有语法与拼写错误，或用词不能达意，酌情扣分，最多扣2分。)：
36. In a broad sense, transportation is defined as the movement of freight and passengers from one location to another.
37. Clean drafts are drafts which are not accompanied by the shipping documents.
38. A usance credit is one by which payment cannot be made until a specific date or a specific time after the date or after sight.
39. Foreign direct investment is the major form of international investment, whereby residents of one country acquire assets in a foreign country for the purpose of controlling and managing them.
VI．(本大题共l0分。表达正确，清楚，意思完整得满分；意思基本正确，有少量语言错误得8-6分；表达不够清楚，语言错误较多得5一3分；表达不清楚，语言错误多，得2分以下。每句扣分如下所示：A straight bill of lading is made out so that only the named consignee is entitled to take delivery of the goods under the bill (2分). This consignee is designated by the shipper(1分). The carrier has to hand over the cargo to the named consignee, not to any third party in possession of the bill ( 2 分). This kind of bill of lading is not transferable( 1分). The shipper can't pass the bill to a third party by endorsement ( 1 分). Because of the limited functions, this bill is in very restricted application( 1 分). When goods are shipped on a non-commercial basis, such as samples or exhibits, or when the goods are extremely valuable, a straight bill of lading is generally issued( 2 分).
40．记名提单是为了只让规定的收货人提取该提单项下的货物。收货人是由托运人指定的。承运人必须把货物交给指定的收货人，而不能交给任何持有该提单的第三方。这种提单是不可转让的，托运人不能通过背书将其转给第三方。由于作用受到限制，这种提单使用很有限，一般是在运输样品，展品之类的非赢利目的的货物，或特别贵重商品时使用记名提单。
Ⅶ．(本大题共5小题，每小题6分，共30分。句型正确，意思完整，无语言错误得满分；句型基本正确，有个别语言错误得5～4分；句型基本正确，语言错误多，得3～1分；不成句的，不得分。)
41. The members of an economic union are required not only to harmonize their taxation, government expenditure, industry policies, etc.,but also use the same currency.
42. In international trade, both the exporter and importer face risks as there is always the possibility that the other party may fail to fulfill the contract.
43. Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism, by which the individual or the business enterprise can shift some of the un-certainty of life to the shoulders of others.
44. A contract is enforceable by law, and the party that fails to fulfill his contractual obligations may be sued and forced to make compensation.
45. International business refers to transaction between parties from different, countries. it involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business.
全国2006年7月高等教育自学考试
国际商务英语试题
课程代码：05844
Ⅰ.T ranslate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese （10%）
1.trade mark
2.Gross Domestic Product
3.national income
4.escape clause
5.capital market
https://www.doczj.com/doc/60975685.html,mission
https://www.doczj.com/doc/60975685.html,ance credit
8.arbitration
9.transshipment
10.documentary collection
Ⅱ.T ranslate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English（10%）
11.承运人
12.发盘（报盘）
13.货号
14.商业发票
15.期权
16.清算系统(制度)
17.知识产权
18.储备货币
19.卖出价
20.增值税
Ⅲ.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right（10%）21.indemnity
a. a person covered by an insurance policy
22.ad valorem duties b. the amount paid by an insured for coverage under the
contract
23.sight credit c. compensation for loss
24.insured d. a credit by which payment can be made upon
presentation of the draft
25.specialization e. the main body of a contract
26.contract proper f. social or natural calamities that take place beyond the
control of a contracting party
27.premium g. duties levied on the basis of the price of the goods
28.force majeure h. to restrict one’s economic activities to certain
particular fields
29.liberalization of trade i. those commodities not processed, or only slightly
processed, usually farm produce or raw materials
30.primary commodities j. the act of government in lifting controls over
imports and exports
Ⅳ.Make brief explanations of the following terms in English （10%）
31.anti-dumping
32.acquisition
33.devaluation
34.subrogate
2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷 I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork. A. persuade B .pursue C. persist 2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions. A. obligation 3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag. B .for 4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media. 5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along. realized I realize did realize I 6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer. 7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year. A .importance B. attention 8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes. A. that 9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone. through in for after over on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after _____what the message is. out out out out II. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 People in all parts of the world are observing "No Tobacco Day". It is the day 11 the World Health Organization (WHO) appeals to people to stop using tobacco products. WHO hopes if people stop smoking cigarettes or 12 tobacco for one day, they will stop permanently. Health experts have warned for years that smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other 13 ．WHO says diseases linked to smoking kill 14 2,500,000 persons each year. Still, many people find it 15 stopping smoking. One reason is nicotine, a substance found in cigarettes. Nicotine is a drug. Its effects are 16 those of cocaine and heroin. "No Tobacco Day" is intended for smokers and 17 who earn money from tobacco sales. So businesses are urged to stop selling tobacco products for twenty-four hours. 18 are urged not to carry advertisements for cigarettes. WHO has approved plans to help reach its 19 of a "smoke-free" world. They urge governments to take action to help 20 make money by growing other crops. They also call for improved public information campaigns about the risks of smoking. 11. A. whether B. which C. when D. what
2017年1月高等教育自学考试学校管理学试题 （课程代码 00448） 一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题l分，共30分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出并将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。 1．决定学校管理学的特定研究对象及其研究范围的是 A．学校管理活动的特殊性 B. 学校教育活动的特殊性 C．学校管理要依据客观规律 D．学校管理活动和教育活动的不等同性2．研究者通过参加学校管理活动，对其活动中的原始事件进行记录，并分析记录结果，从而得出结论的方法叫 A. 调查研究法 B．人种志研究法 C．比较研究法 D．案例研究法 3．学校管理工作应当遵循的行为准则是 A．学校管理思想 B．学校管理目标 C．学校领导体制 D．学校管理原则 4．学校管理工作的导向是 A．学校管理思想 B．学校管理目标
C．学校管理过程 D．学校管理手段 5．主要研究学校日常行政工作重要问题的会议是 A．校务会议 B．教学例会 C．校长会议 D．行政会议 6．协助校长组织领导后勤事务工作的职能机构是 A．政教处 B．校长办公室 C．总务处 D．教导处 7．校长负责制的核心内容是 A．校长对学校工作全面负责 B．党支部保证监督 C．教职工民主管理 D．校长的职位内涵和职责内涵 8．自新中国成立到1985年教育体制改革，我国曾实行过多少种领导体制？ 种种种种 9．学校管理过程的中心环节是 A．教学 B．计划 C．实施 D．目标 10．检查阶段的管理活动可分为平时检查和阶段检查，经常检查和集中检查，其划分依据是
A．内容 B．主体 C．形式 D．时间 11．学校管理活动过程的一个周期的终结环节是 A．计划 B．实行 C．总结 D．检查 12. 学校民主管理主要的、基本的组织形式是 A．班级制度 B．管理例会制度 C．教职工代表大会 D．教学例会制度 13．学校管理者在学校管理过程中能时时体现教育性，处处着眼于育人的行为准则是指 A．教育性原则 B．民主性原则 C．规范性原则 D．系统性原则 14．学校管理方法可分为基本的管理方法和特殊的管理方法，其划分依据是 A．对象范围的不同 B．所运用方法的量化程度不同 C．管理对象的性质不同 D．所运用方法的主次不同 15．通过对学校成员进行政策、法律等知识的宣传和理想等信念的教育，提高他们的认识，为实现学校目标而努力的学校管理方法是 A．思想教育方法 B．行政管理方法 C．法律管理方法 D．咨询参与方法
全国至自学考试英语二历年真题及答案全集 Last revision on 21 December 2020
2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试题答案及评分参考 第一部分：阅读选择（第1-10题，每题1分，共10分） 第二部分：阅读判断（第11-15题，每题2分，共10分） 第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16-25题，每题1分，共10分） 第四部分：填句补文（第26-30题，每题1分，共10分） 第五部分：填词补文（第31-40题，每题1分，共10分） 第六部分：完型补文（第41-50题，每题分，共15分） 绝密★启用前 2014年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试题答案及评分参考 （课程代码00015） 第一部分：阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分） 1、B 2、B 3、A 4、C 5、B 6、C 7、A 8、A 9、B 10、A 第二部分：阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）
11、D 12、A 13、C 14、B 15、A 第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16~25题，每题1分，共10分） 16、C 17、D 18、A 19、B 20、F 21、D 22、F 23、E 24、A 25、C 第四部分：填句补文（第26~30题，每题2分，共10分） 26、C 27、E 28、A 29、F 30、B 第五部分：填句补文（第31~40题，每题分，共15分） 31、G 32、I 33、B 34、H 35、A 36、K 37、C 38、E 39、L 40、J 第六部分：完形补文（第41~50题，每题分，共15分） 41、born 42、resulted 43、growth 44、manufacturing 45、moved 46、addition 47、fewer 48、machines 49、unnecessary 50、unemployment 【评分参考】本部分无分和1分的计分。语法错误或拼写错误均不给分；英、美拼写均可接受；大小写错误不扣分。 第七部分：短文写作（第51题，30分） 51.范文（略）
2005年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷及答案 （课程代码：00015） PART ONE （50 POINTS） Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1.Would’t you rather your child ______ successful with his study and won the scholarship? A. became B. become C. would become D. becomes 2. Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement, he wonders _______will happen to his family life. A. it B. that C. what D. this 3. We hope that all the measures against sandstorms, ________ was put forward by the committee, will be considered seriously at the meeting . A. while B. after C. since D. as 4. We cannot leave this tough job to a person_________. A. who nobody has confidence B. in whom nobody has confidence C. for whom nobody has confidence D. who everyone has confidence of 5. You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it . A. until B. if only C. in case D. unless 6.Hey, leave _____!I hate people touching my hair. A. behind B. out C. off D. over 7.I thought the problem of water shortage would ________ at the meeting but nobody mentioned it. A. come up B. come up to C. come over D. come to 8.Mr.Smith , can I ________ you for a minute? I’d like to hear your opinion on this issue. A. say a word with B. have words with C. mention a word with D. have a word with 9.There is a deadlock (僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the over . A. a way B. way C. the way D. its way 10. This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ the height of students at different ages. A. with B. for C. to D. in Ⅱ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology. Her ability to negotiate __11___ by the fact most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets. Japan’s __12__ has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large, so that __13__ to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses. Besides, Japan’s work force was disciplined, so it was capable __14__ applying the information it acquired. Finally, American and European companies, who were __15__ licensers, felt that the
综合练习一 一、单项选择题（本大题共 30 小题，每小题 1 分，共 30 分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。 1. 中国共产党在思想政治理论建设中提出的社会主义核心价值体系，是中国现阶段社会主义意识形态的（C） A. 全部内容 B. 所有要求 C. 本质体现 D. 存在基础 2. 信念是人的（C） A. 认识、情感和理想的统一 B. 认识、态度和情感的统一 C. 认识、情感和意志的统一 D. 态度、情感和理想的统一 3. 马克思主义最崇高的社会理想是（A） A. 实现共产主义 B. 建设社会主义 C. 发展民主主义 D. 摆脱贫穷落后 4. 用理想的标准来衡量和要求现实，当发现现实并不符合理想的时候，就对现实大失所望，甚至极为不满。这里陷入的片面性误区是（C） A. 把理想等同于现实 B. 把现实等同于理想 C. 以理想来否定现实 D. 以现实来否定理想 5. 爱国主义的必然政治要求是（A） A. 热爱自己的国家 B. 热爱自己的骨肉同胞 C. 热爱祖国的锦绣山河 D. 热爱祖国的灿烂文化 6. 发展中国特色社会主义，必须牢牢把握经济建设这个中心，集中力量（D） A. 创造中华文明 B. 培育爱国情感 C. 抵御外来侵略 D. 发展社会生产力 7. 中华民族在五千多年的发展中形成的伟大民族精神的核心是（C ） A. 团结统一 B. 集体主义 C. 爱国主义 D. 自强不息 8. 人生观的核心是（A） A. 人生目的 B. 人生价值 C. 人生态度 D. 人生理想 9. 人们通过生活实践所形成的对人生问题的一种稳定的心理倾向和基本意图，称 为（B） A. 人生目的 B. 人生态度 C. 人生价值观 D. 人生实践活动 10. 实现人生价值的根本途径是（C） A. 培养正确的人生态度 B. 自觉提高自我的主体素质和能力 C. 进行有意识、有目的的创造性实践活动 D. 选择与社会主导价值观相一致的人生价值目标 11. 道德是一种特殊的社会意识形态。下列选项中，没有表现出这种特殊性的是（B） A. 道德规范具有相对稳定性 B. 道德是社会规范的调节方式 C. 道德对社会行为的调节是非强制性的 D. 道德调整的社会关系范围具有广泛性 12.“富贵不能淫、贫贱不能移、威武不能屈”反映了中华民族传统美德中的（B） A. 乐群贵和，强调人际和谐的精神 B. 励志自强，崇尚精神境界的精神 C. 勤劳勇敢，追求自由解放的精神 D. 爱国奉献，以天下为己任的精神 13. 社会主义道德建设的核心是（ D ） A. 诚实守信 B. 集体主义 C. 与人为善 D. 为人民服务 14. 在下列选项中，对集体主义原则的错误理解是（ B） A. 社会主义道德建设必须以集体主义为原则 B. 集体主义原则与小团体主义和本位主义是一致的 C. 集体主义原则是指导人们行为选择的主导性原则 D. 集体主义原则的根本思想是正确处理集体利益和个人利益的关系 15. 公民的行为举止、待人接物应该文明礼貌，与人交往应该诚实守信。这是公民基本道德规范中（B） A. 爱国守法的要求 B. 明礼诚信的要求 C. 勤俭自强的要求 D．敬业奉献的要求 16. 衡量一个社会精神文明发展水平的重要标志是（B）
2019年10月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二）试卷（课程代码：00015） 本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1?10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might have to buy a used Explorer, or buy a new but much less expensive model. A lease，therefore，allows you to drive the latest models of more expensive cars. However, whatever car you can afford to buy you get to keep it, and it will always have a resell or trade-in(以新旧换)value if you want to upgrade to a new car later. Furthermore, people who lease cars are often shocked by how much they must pay when the lease is over . Most leases limit you to a certain number of miles. If you go over that, you must pay for each mile. As a result, you may end up paying thousands of dollars in mileage(里程) fees. In addition, when you lease ,you have to pay for regular maintenance and repairs to the vehicle. Since you must return the car finally, you are paying to repair someone else's car.
2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）标准试题 (课程代码：00015) 第一部分：阅读判断题(每题1分，共10分) 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供 的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。 Running: Sport or Way of Life? You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortable clothes and go for a run. One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment. But don't be fooled into thinking the sport of running is easy It requires discipline and concentration. Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart lungs and muscles? It makes you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you don't get sick as easily. It can even help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more clearly. How do you get engaged in the sport if you don't know much about it? Most schools offer running programs. A simple internet search can help some in your find area. Then programs show you how running can offer competition or just be for fun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies. Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be. If you go to a race you'll see people cheering for all the runners. Running isn't always about how fast you are or how far you're going. It's about getting out there and doing it. Participation is more important than competition and effort is recognized over talent. If you're looking for more than just a sport running may be the perfect choice for you 1. You may find it interesting in go for A run. A. True B. False C. Not Given 2. The sport of running is easy. A True B. False C. Not Given 3. It is hard to End n safe environment for running.
西华师范大学高等教育自学考试省考课《学校管理学》试卷答案 一、名词解释（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分） 1、学校聘任制：是校长根据工作需要和职务要求，用签订合同和发放聘书的形式，聘用教师在一定时期内在学校任教、任职的制度。 2、教学管理：是管理者依据学校教育目标，遵循教育规律，不断强化正确的教学、合理组织教学活动要素，使教学活动有序高效运转，从而提高教学效益的过程。 3、德育管理：是学校管理者依据学校德育学和管理学的科学原理和方法，从实际出发，通过一定方式和手段有效地组织、调控学校德育工作，以实现学校德育目标的的活动。 4、目标管理：目标管理是用目标体系组合全体成员，以目标指导每个人的工作和行为的一种管理思想、管理制度和管理方法。 5、教学质量管理：是指为保证培养目标而对教学过程和效果进行组织、协调、指导和控制的活动。它与教学工作质量共同构成教学质量的基本保证。 6、学校领导体制：是指学校内部的机构设置、领导权限划分和隶属关系的组织体系及其制度的总称。 7、学校规章制度：学校规章制度是学校成员在贯彻教育方针，实现教育目标的过程中所必须遵循的行为规范或准则。它多以简明的文字条规或正式文件的形式由权力部门公之于众，成为相关人群共同遵守的规定、法规等。 8、学校管理过程：为实现以育人为中心的预期目标而循序展开的一系管理职能在主客体的相互作用中发生、发展和演变的基本程序。 9、教务行政管理：主要是指对组织协调教学活动、建立和维护正常的教学秩序等教学事务方面的管理活动。它为教育学服务，是教学活动得以
正常运转的中枢。 10、校长负责制：是指学校工作由校长统一领导和全面负责，党支部（或总支）在学校的核心地位和监督保证，教代会民主参与管理的学校内部的根本组织制度。 二、简答题 (本大题共5小题，每小题6分，共30分) 11、我们应树立哪些现代学校管理理念？ （1）开放观念； （2）战略观念； （3）创新观念； （4）系统观念； （5）竞争观念； （6）素质教育观念。 12、学校组织机构设置的原则是什么？ （1）精干效率原则； （2）统一指挥原则； （3）管理幅度原则； （4）职权责统一原则； （5）系统平衡原则。 13、简述学校管理过程的特点。 （1）以育人为本的教育性； （2）按阶段循序发展的稳定性和程序性； （3）目标成果形成的综合力和养成性； （4）目标控制的复杂性和困难性。 14、教学管理的任务是什么？ （1）端正教学思想； （2）是健全教学组织； （3）完善管理制度； （4）稳定教学秩序；
2001年4月北京自考“汉字学概论”试题 一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出并在“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。未涂、错涂或多涂均无分。 1. 下列哪一组是不规范汉字 A. 答繁符 B. 筆時簡 C. 通房相 D. 音易刊 2. 下列各组汉字笔画为相接关系的是 A. 六川心 B. 八儿小 C. 人山乃 C. 九也车 3. 下列各组汉字部件为相离关系的是 A. 克吊声 B. 名占单 C. 资学溯 D. 考老孝 4. 下列各组汉字结构属于左下右包孕的是 A. 画函凶 B. 区医匹 C. 闹风网 D. 毡翘赵 5. 下面哪组字都是多音同义字？ A. 泊臭卡 B. 白埠悼 C. 逮薄蔓 D. 徊刽隘 6. 下面哪组字都是多音多义字？ A. 呆凿获 B. 剥削血 C. 吁纤斗 D. 波堤储 7. 形声字的形旁丧失表意作用的是 A. 绒线纱 B. 绣纺编 C. 绸绢缎 D. 级约给 8. 哪组字使用频率最低？ A. 2500常用字 B. 1000次常用字 C. 7000通用字 D. 1000高频字 9. 首创文学学部首的是下列哪部辞书？ A. 《辞源》 B. 《辞海》 C. 《汉语大词典》 D. 《说文解字》 10. 当前语言文字的国际通用性最强的是 A. 阿拉伯字母 B. 斯拉夫字母 C. 拉丁字母 D. 汉字 二、多项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 在每小题列出的四个备选项中有二至四个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出并在“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。未涂、错涂、多涂或少涂均无分。 11. 规范汉字指的是 A. 见于《简化字总表》的简化字 B. 古今通用的传承字 C. 收入《现代汉字通用字表》的字 D. 社会上广为流行的简体字 12. 下列简化字中简化得好的是 A. 战苹态 B. 头专尧 C. 灭尘灶 D. 胶粮议 13. 下列各组部件是不成字部件的有 A. 刀木水 B. 扌氵亻 C. 人日月 D. 大王火
中小学教育管理00458（选考） 条件，高效率地实现教育管理目标的活动过程。包括教育的行政管理和学校部的管理。 2、教育行政管理是指根据一定的政策，对教育工作所进行的组织、管理和领导。 3、学校管理是学校管理者通过一定的机构和制度，采用一定的措施和手段，带领并引导师生员工充分利用校外的资源和条件，整体优化学校教育工作，有效实现学校工作目标的一种组织活动。 4、教育管理的二重性：教育行政和学校管理是教育管理的两个有机组成部分，管理教育首先要对全国教育发展有一个总体的要求和策划，为此需制定教育针政策，加强教育法制建设，发展教育人事、教育财政等活动。学校管理就是学 特点。 2、法约尔的一般管理理论：核心是管理过程学说(计划组织指挥协调控制)和管理的14条原则，包括管理原则，管理的基本过程和管理教育。 层。 2、行为科学理论：A、马斯洛的需要层次理论，生理需求，安全需要，归属和爱，尊重的需要，自我价值的实现。B、 C、赫茨伯格的双因素激励理论，保健因素和激励因素。 (赫伯特。西蒙)系统管理理论(弗里蒙特。卡斯特等)学习型组织理 相互协作结合而成的团体或机构。 2、要素:组织目标是组织的出发点和归宿，是开展各项组织活动的依据和动力，对组织行为起绝定性作用，组织环境，任组织都处于一定的环境之中，并与环境发生能量、信息等交换关系，脱离环境组织是不存在的。管理主体是指组织中掌握管理权力，承担管理责任，决定管理向和进程的人员或机构，在组织中发挥重要作用，影响组织发展向；管理客体，与主体相对应，管理主体直接影响的对象，与管理主体的相互作用构成了组织系统及其运动。 3、特征：目的性，开放性，系统性，复杂性。 4、组织的类型：A、按控制式分：强制性组织，功利性组织、规性组织。B、规化程度分：正式和非正式。C、个体参 学校管理原则是学校管理理论的重要组织成部分，在学校管理过程中起着承上
综合练习一 一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题 1 分，共30 分）在每小题列出的四个 备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未 选均无分。 1. 中国共产党在思想政治理论建设中提出的社会主义核心价值体系，是中国现阶段社 会主义意识形态的（ C ） A. 全部内容 B. 所有要求 C. 本质体现 D. 存在基础 2. 信念是人的（ C ） A. 认识、情感和理想的统一 B. 认识、态度和情感的统一 C. 认识、情感和意志的统一 D. 态度、情感和理想的统一 3. 马克思主义最崇高的社会理想是（ A ） A. 实现共产主义 B. 建设社会主义 C. 发展民主主义 D. 摆脱贫穷落后 4. 用理想的标准来衡量和要求现实，当发现现实并不符合理想的时候，就对现实大失 所望，甚至极为不满。这里陷入的片面性误区是（ C ） A. 把理想等同于现实 B. 把现实等同于理想 C. 以理想来否定现实 D. 以现实来否定理想 5. 爱国主义的必然政治要求是（ A ） A. 热爱自己的国家 B. 热爱自己的骨肉同胞 C. 热爱祖国的锦绣山河 D. 热爱祖国的灿烂文化 6. 发展中国特色社会主义，必须牢牢把握经济建设这个中心，集中力量（ D ） A. 创造中华文明 B. 培育爱国情感 C. 抵御外来侵略 D. 发展社会生产力 7. 中华民族在五千多年的发展中形成的伟大民族精神的核心是（ C ） A. 团结统一 B. 集体主义 C. 爱国主义 D. 自强不息 8. 人生观的核心是（ A ） A. 人生目的 B. 人生价值 C. 人生态度 D. 人生理想 9. 人们通过生活实践所形成的对人生问题的一种稳定的心理倾向和基本意图，称 为（ B ） A. 人生目的 B. 人生态度 C. 人生价值观 D. 人生实践活动 10. 实现人生价值的根本途径是（ C ） A. 培养正确的人生态度 B. 自觉提高自我的主体素质和能力 C. 进行有意识、有目的的创造性实践活动 D. 选择与社会主导价值观相一致的人生价值目标 11. 道德是一种特殊的社会意识形态。下列选项中，没有表现出这种特殊性的是（B ） A. 道德规范具有相对稳定性 B. 道德是社会规范的调节方式 C. 道德对社会行为的调节是非强制性的 D. 道德调整的社会关系范围具有广泛性 12. “富贵不能淫、贫贱不能移、威武不能屈”反映了中华民族传统美德中的（ B ）
高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷及答案 （课程代码：00015） PART ONE （50 POINTS） Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1.Would’t you rather your child ______ successful with his study and won the scholarship? A. became B. become C. would become D. becomes 2. Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement, he wonders _______will happen to his family life. A. it B. that C. what D. this 3. We hope that all the measures against sandstorms, ________ was put forward by the committee, will be considered seriously at the meeting . A. while B. after C. since D. as 4. We cannot leave this tough job to a person_________. A. who nobody has confidence B. in whom nobody has confidence C. for whom nobody has confidence D. who everyone has confidence of 5. You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it . A. until B. if only C. in case D. unless 6.Hey, leave _____!I hate people touching my hair. A. behind B. out C. off D. over 7.I thought the problem of water shortage would ________ at the meeting but nobody mentioned it. A. come up B. come up to C. come over D. come to 8.Mr.Smith , can I ________ you for a minute? I’d like to hear your opinion on this issue. A. say a word with B. have words with C. mention a word with D. have a word with 9.There is a deadlock (僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the over . A. a way B. way C. the way D. its way 10. This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ the height of students at different ages. A. with B. for C. to D. in Ⅱ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology. Her ability to negotiate __11___ by the fact most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets. Japan’s __12__ has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large, so that __13__ to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses. Besides, Japan’s work force was disciplined, so it was capable __14__ applying the information it acquired. Finally, American and European companies, who were __15__ licensers, felt that the Japanese companies might take a large share of the world market __16__ they were not
高等教育自学考试《学校管理学》模拟试卷（三） 一、单项选择题（在每小题的备选答案中选出一个正确的答案，并将正确答案的号码填在题干的括号内。每小题1分，共20分） 1、英国1870年颁发（ C ）将全国划分为数千个学区，设立学校委员会管理地方教育。 A、《基佐法》 B、《学记》 C、《初等教育法》 D、《普通学校规程》 2、我国古代最早的专门论述教育教学问题的论著是（ C ） A、《礼记》 B、《三字经》 C、《学记》 D、《道德经》 3、我国古代在人才选拔方面出现了科举考试制度，产生于（ D ） A、春秋时期 B、汉代时期 C、宋代时期 D、隋唐时期 4、社会系统学派的主要代表人物是（ A ） A、巴纳德 B、福雷斯特 C、彼得.圣吉 D、达顿 5、人际关系理论的研究对象是（ C ） A、组织外部的非正式组织 B、正式组织 C、组织内部的非正式组织 D、正式组织的内部结构 6、学习型组织理论的主要代表人物是（ B ） A、韦克 B、福雷斯特 C、戴明 D、加德纳 7、教职工代表大会是在学校党支部领导下的（ B ） A、决策机构 B、审议监督机构 C、领导机构 D、群众自治组织 8、在教师编制中，城市小学教职工与学生的比为（ C ） A、1：21 B、1：23 C、1：19 D、1：25 9、我国古代的教师管理制度形成于（ A ） A、西周 B、隋唐 C、明、清 D、公元1949年
10、总务工作既要为教育教学服务，又要为师生生活服务，还要管理好学校的经费、财产、设备和校舍，这体现了总务工作的（ D ）特点。 A、服务性 B、科学性 C、教育性 D、广泛性 11、一般一间规范的教室的高度不低于（ C ） A、2.8米 B、3米 C、3.4米 D、3.6米 12、下列哪项对学生品德形成影响是散在的、复杂的、多方位、多角度、多形式、多变化的。（ A ） A、社会教育 B、家庭教育 C、班主任教育 D、任课教师的教育 13、班级组织内的非正式组织具有：竞争性、向心性、（ A ）的特点。 A、排他性 B、教育性 C、不协调性 D、不正当性 14、教师在职务范围内应尽的责任，它具有：（ D ）长期性、全面性。 A、义务性 B、权利性 C、责任性 D、稳定性 15、受党和国家的委托，向受教育者传递人类积累的文化科学知识，进行思想品德教育，促进受教育者全面发展，把他们培养成为一定社会需要的人才的专业人员。（ C ） A、校长 B、教导主任 C、教师 D、教研组长 16、数理统计方法具有：客观性、（ B ）可比性的特征。 A、时效性 B、科学性 C、经济性 D、开放性 17、实行阶段的主要工作包括：组织、指导、（ C ）、激励。 A、控制 B、指挥 C、协调 D、检查 18、研究者通过参加学校管理活动，对其活动中的原始事件进行记录，并分析记录结果，从而得出结论的方法称为（ B ） A、实验研究法 B、人种志研究法 C、调查研究法 D、文献研究法 19、学校德育组织机构包括：政教处、（ D ）等。