Unit 6 Women, Half the Sky
I. Directions: For each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.
1. Bear in mind that a lazy man would never ___________ anything.
A. imagine
B. appreciate
C. accomplish
D. recall
2. To keep up with the pace of the modern world, we must overcome
the___________ to new technology.
A. resistance
B. suppression
C. charm
D. reproach
3. George can hardly be labeled a radical; he is a man of ___________ views.
A. modest
B. sensitive
C. moderate
D. tolerant
4. For more accurate data, we need more ___________ equipment to do the research.
A. systematic
B. expensive
C. speculative
D. sophisticated
5. For generations the people in these two villages lived in perfect
___________.
A. conflict
B. distinction
C. harmony
D. regulation
6. Our new refrigerator___________ 70 percent less electricity than our old model.
A. conserves
B. consumes
C. conquers
D. accommodates
7. ___________ a little earlier this morning! I missed the school bus by only a minute and had to wait in the cold for nearly an hour.
A. If I had got up
B. If only I get up
C. If only I had got up
D. If I got up
8. The shop assistant was dismissed as she was ___________of cheating customers.
A. accused
B. charged
C. scolded
D. cursed
9. Allen will soon find out that real life is seldom as simple as it is
___________ in commercials.
A. permeated
B. alleged
C. depicted
D. drafted
10. He could not ___________ ignorance as his excuse: he should have known what was happening in his department.
A. petition
B. plead
C. resort
D. reproach
11. There was once a town in this country where all life seemed to live in
__________ with its surroundings.
A. coincidence
B. harmony
C. uniform
D. alliance
12. In Britain people __________ four million tons of potatoes every year.
A. swallow
B. dispose
C. consume
D. exhaust
13. If you are playing for professional service from a lawyer or bank, you are a ______.
A .customer B. client C. visitor D. guest
14. I am rather __________ about their sympathy for the poor.
A. unbelievable
B. incredible
C. suspect
D. skeptical
15. We sincerely hope you will soon be _______ to health.
A .restored B. recovered C. returned D. renewed
16. The shops are well stocked with food, clothing and other consumer
_______.
A. types
B. kinds
C. deeds
D. items
17. Her rough, red hands _______ a life of hard physical work.
A. recalled
B. returned
C. reflected
D. reacted
18. Let’s le ave early, _______ we will get stuck in a traffic jam.
A. despite
B. otherwise
C. unless
D. so
19. _______ I admit that there are problems, I don’t think that they cannot be solved.
A. Unless
B. Until
C. As
D. While
20. When he realized the police had sported him , the man _______ the exit as quickly as possible.
A. made of
B. made for
C. made out
D. made up
II. Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the appropriate form of the word given in brackets.
1. The Hong Kong film star has a(n) _______________ Rolls-Royce car in addition to a large luxurious house. (credible)
2. The ______________ of gasoline is greater in some cars than in others. (consume)
3. There appeared a ______________ of peace talks between Israel and Palestine. (renew)
4. Her________________ considerateness made everyone feel at ease. (charm)
5. Ann made a strenuous attempt to carry out her
_________________(resolve)
6. To defeat your rival in the boxing match, you must put your finger on the right ___________. (spotless)
7. That morning they were in _________________ good spirits. (wonder)
8. ____________ is a white, odorless, bitter crystalline compound. (heroine)
9. If prices rise much higher we shall have to do without our few
____________ luxuries. (remainder)
10. He received a letter from his _________________ association. (alumnus)
Unit 7 Learning about English
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Vocabulary and Structure
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.
1. The terrorist attack on America on September 11, 2001 has met with ______ condemnation.
A) overall B) universal C) extensive D) widespread
2. "Take the medicine and go to bed early. If the headache _____, you should come for an X-ray examination," said the doctor.
A) recurs B) happens C) recovers D) repeats
3. To keep up with the pace of the modern world, we must overcome the
_____ to new technology.
A) resistance B) suppression C) charm D) reproach
4. George can hardly be labeled a radical; he is a man of _____ views.
A) modest B) sensitive C) moderate D) tolerant
5. The earthquake left thousands of people in ____ need of medical care.
A) current B) urgent C) critical D) continual
6. _____ by a strange loud noise downstairs, the two girls jumped from their bed and screamed.
A) Stunned B) Amazed C) Promoted D) Startled
7. Our trip to Beijing _____ with the visit of my cousin Lucy's family. So we had a great reunion at the foot of the Great Wall.
A) recurred B) coincided C) blended D) occurred
8. The survey shows that the officials of some listed (上市的) companies are _____ themselves at the expense of the stockholders (股东).
A) abusing B) rewarding C) disrupting D) enriching
9. At such a time of crisis, we must try to ______ all differences of party or class and stick together.
A) set forth B) set back C) set down D) set aside
10. I have told her on ______ occasions that George is not a man to be trusted.
A) ridiculous B) numerous C) sentimental D) alternative
11. The renewal of the debate was anticipated but its _____ was not.
A) intensity B) tension C) degree D) sensitivity
12. Being _____ about its future, investors are wary of putting more money in the https://www.doczj.com/doc/6b968110.html, industry.
A) skeptical B) contemporary C) incredible D) aesthetic
13. Don't _____ the poor child any more. He is already sad enough for getting himself into such a mess.
A) humiliate B) threaten C) conflict D) reproach
14. For more accurate data, we need more _____ equipment to do the research.
A) systematic B) expensive C) speculative D) sophisticated
15. For generations the people in these two villages lived in perfect _____.
A) conflict B) distinction C) harmony D) regulation
16. The employer worked his men almost _____ collapse.
A) to the extent of B) to the point of C) on top of D) in spite of
17. While the doctors analyzed the patient's condition, his family waited outside in considerable _____.
A) tension B) anticipation C) eagerness D) anxiety
18. When asked for your views about your _____ job, on no account must you be negative.
A) current B) contemporary C) occasional D) universal
19. Our new refrigerator ____ 70 per cent less electricity than our old model.
A) conserves B) consumes C) conquers D) accommodates
20. Big industries and environmental protection groups naturally have _____ interests.
A) conflicting B) distinguishing C) alternate D) combating
21. It wasn't the dinner. It was _____ people talked about at the dinner that disgusted him.
A) what B) that C) whatever D) those
22. In these remote villages, women are ______ the opportunity of having a career.
A) reserved B) denied C) disrupted D) invaded
23. _____ a little earlier this morning! I missed the school bus by only a minute and had to wait in the cold for nearly an hour!
A) If I had got up B) If only I get up C) If only I had got
up D) If I got up
24. Most people are not yet aware that water is a precious resource that must be _____.
A) conserved B) enriched C) preserved D) reserved
25. Though this house is very old and may not be worth much, it is _____ great emotional value to my father who spent all his childhood days here.
A) by B) of C) with D) for
26. I still believe children should be disciplined when the need _____.
A) arouses B) arises C) dominates D) bides
27. Allegations (指控) of corruption were ______ as ridiculous.
A) dismissed B) surrendered C) banned D) modified
28. I could see from her expression that my comments had ______.
A) come through B) hit home C) borne out D) got away
29. Susan warned herself not to ______ despair. She must stand up and fight.
A) take credit for B) give way to C) work her way into D) rid herself of
30. At the time the police caught him, he was driving in ______ of 120 miles per hour.
A) average B) reality C) transition D) excess
Unit 6 Women, Half the Sky
I. T eaching Plan
Objectives
Students will be able to:
l. grasp the main idea (the belief in superwomen encourages average women to achieve their goal) and structure of the text;
2. appreciate how the author achieves coherence for her essay;
3. master key language points and grammatical structures in the text;
4. conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.
Pre-reading tasks
l .T asks SS the following questions on the song I AM Woman (5minutes)
Why can't women be Ignored?(because of their huge numbers)
What happens to women if you try to break their will?(Y ou cm bend them but you cm never break them. It only serves to make them mom determined to achieve their final goal.)
2.Ffree writing: Ss write for 5 minutes answering the question: "Is my mother busy? What are her main tasks in daily life?"(5minutes)
3.Group discussion (20 minutes)
1)Ss form groups of four to five, read aloud to each other what they have written down.
2)T draws Ss’ attention to the discussion topics under Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks
3)Ss discuss the questions within the group. T may remind them that they can draw on the
discussion when writing the essay required by Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks.
4)Some groups report to the class their discussion results.
4.T may lead in to Text A by saying: Whether you like it or not, women in many cases have to take up more respons1bHiues than men. That's why the author of Text A, Adrienne Poppel writes: "Men have generally been assured that achieving their heart's desire would be a piece of cake Women, of course, have always believed that we can't have our cake and eat it too-"What she means is that men are encouraged to achieve their goals in life, but women know that they can only achieve some goals at the expense of other goals. However, there are superwomen in the real world who are capable of great deeds as well as enjoying life. It is they who give the average woman the courage to go on.(5minutes)
While-reading tasks
1.What is "the Brooklyn Bridge"?(25minutes)
1)T asks several SS to speculate on the meaning of title of Text A, I'm Going to Buy the Brooklyn Bridge.
2)Ss read the first two paragraphs to understand why a friend sad that "if I believed everything in the report, she had a bridge in Brooklyn she'd like to sell me".
3)T invites some Ss to give alternative terms for "a bridge in Brooklyn".(an incredible story, something impossible, etc. Folk tales about people who are so gu11ible they have been persuaded to buy a well-known landmark by confidence tricksters are numerous in America and elsewhere.)
4)Ss scan the text and underline sentences containing the word "bridge"·
(para12: Despite my friend's warning against being taken in, despite everything I've learned, I find that I’m not only willing, but positively eager to buy that bridge she mentioned Para 15:Then I’ll tell her a story: the tale of a woman who bought her own version of that bridge in Brooklyn and found that it was a wise investment after al1.)
5)T explains the two sentences to Ss.
(Para12:Although my friend had warned me not to believe in the stories about my incredibly successful woman, I am still willing to believe that they are true.
Para 15:Then I will tell her about myself: how I believed in superwomen tales and how this belief had encouraged me to attain my own goal-)
6)T draws Ss' attention to Text Organization Exercise 1.ss will notice that the appearance of the word "bridge" coincides with a new part of the text (see Text Analysis).
2.T explains language points and gives Ss practice (see Language Study).(60minutes)
3.SS finish Text Organization Exercise 1.T may mention that the first three pads may well be grouped under one topic-I m fascinated by superwomen-(10minutes)
4."Getting t。"know a structure (15minutes)
1)Ss finish the after--text Structure Exercise on "get to".
2)Ss form pairs to re-read Paras 4-7.Then,based on these paragraphs, one S will ask a question containing "get to "to which the other S will provide an answer. (T may give the following mode1:
How did the author get to meet a superwomen face to face?
Her work took her to the superwoman's office)
3)Some student pairs re-run their question-and-answer dialogues to the class.
Post-reading task
1. What makes this text a coherent essay?(ρ20minutes)
1)Ss read Writing Strategy in Theme-Related Language Learning Skills.
2)Ss form groups of four to five to find out the devices used to achieve coherence in Text
A(see Text Analysis).
3)Some groups report to the class.
2.T guides Ss through some after-text exercises.(25minutes)
3.T checks on Ss’ home reading (Text B).(3minutes)
4.Ss write m essay required by meme-Related Language Learning Tasks.(30minutes)
5.T asks Ss to prepare the next unit:(2minutes)
1)do the pre-reading task;
2)preview Text A
II. Text Analysis
As mentioned in Writing Strategy for this unit, there are three main ways of achieving coherence: the use of transitional words and phrases, the repetition of key words and phrases, and the use of parallel structure
Text A does employ such transitional words like but, however, yet. Paras 8 to 10 provide a good example of using transitional phrases and sentences, so much so that we cm consider this section as a mini-essay . The topic is made clearly the last sentence of para 8: "No matter how carefully plan my time, the plan always goes wrong-,,Para 9 goes on to say that something must go wrong with the kids when "I" make schedules of military precision.para1Ostates:"Other days (boldfaced by editors) every item on my schedule will take three times the number of minutes set aside."
Y et the most striking feature of Text A is the repetition of key words and phrases. The occurrences of the phrase Brooklyn Bridge or the bridge weave the essay into a coherent piece. Synonyms like superwoman, superwomen, heroine, supersisters and superheroines appears five times to remind readers of the topic of this essay. The five instances where the phrase "in her spare time” is used to emphasize the amazing fact that some super-capable women can still find spare time in their tight schedule. On the other hand, synonymous phrases like modern fairy tale, fantasy, dream, incredible achievements, and extraordinary deeds point out the fact that many people do not believe in superwomen stones.
There is no strictly parallel structure in this essay. However, some may regard the comparison between "my" daily struggle and the achievements of Kate L., the daughter of a politician, the woman executive, etc. as parallel.
Interestingly, the author uses many words and phrases related to food. For example, a piece of cake, you can’t eat the cake and have it too, strawberry jam, a whole box of cookies, soup, juice, tea, a dieter, a diet without treats, the old low-dream diet (note that it was coined on the basis of "low-fat diet"),to devour, to bake cakes. Don't they reflect the traditional role of omen
as food-providers?
III. Cultural Notes
1.Feminism: In the 1960s feminism (=the belief that women and men are equal in abilities and should have equal rights and opportunities)became the subject of intense debate when the women's liberation movement encouraged women to reject their traditional supporting role and to demand equal status and equal rights with men in areas such as employment and pay.
Since then the gender gap between the sexes has been reduced. However the battle between feminist and traditional views of a woman's role continues-It is widely accepted by younger people that women should, if they wish, be allowed to develop their careers and not give up work when they have a family-
Feminism has brought about many changes in the English language. Many words for job tides that included "man" have been replaced, for example "police officer” is used instead of "policeman" and "chairperson" for "chainman"·"He" s now rarely used to refer to a person when the person could be either a mm or a woman. The title "Ms" is used for women instead of "Miss" or "Mrs", since it does not show whether a woman is married or not.
2. Oklahoma: a southern central state of the US. The capital and largest city is Oklahoma City. It produces oil, gas, coal, wheat and cotton.
3.the Brooklyn Bridge: the bridge over the East River in New Y ork City that connects Manhattan with Brooklyn. It was opened in 1883 and has a length of 1595 feet (486meters)·The expression selling the Brooklyn Bridge means ticking them in a deal.
IV. Language Study
1.bulletin:a short printed newspaper or leaflet, esp. one produced regularly by a group or
organization
examples: The company publishes an annual staff bulletin.
I read in the church bulletin that our friend's baby would be baptized.
2.item:1)a single piece of news
Examples: There is a fascinating news item in today's China Daily-
While Jennie scanned the newspaper, a strange item of news attracted her attention.
2)a single缸-tide or unit on a list or among a set
Examples: Their kitchen cabinets are crowded with items that just go to was.
There are at least 50 items on her Christmas shopping list-
3.draft: a rough outline of version
Examples; My student emailed the first draft of his thesis to me yesterday.
This is only the first draft of my speech, but what do you think of it?
4.undo:1) (fml) disturb or upset greatly
Examples; My daughter's idea about wealth undid me.
The sight of the animal's suffering undid me.
2)untie, open
Examples: It's so warm inside .He undid his coat and took it off.
Would you please undo this hot for me?
5....she had a bridge in Brooklyn she'd like to sell me: suggesting that she thought the author so
gullible that she could be persuaded to buy the bridge from her. Here she de1iberately played on the meaning of the expression selling the Brooklyn Bridge to somebody(see "the Brooklyn Bridge” in Cultural Notes)
6.hit/strike home: (of remarks, etc.)have the intended effect
Examples: His criticism hit home. Really selfish.
I could see from her expression that his comments had hit home.
7.heredibIe: that can't be believed
Examples: It seemed incredible that people would still want to play soccer during a war.
There has been m incredible mount of interest in the information highway during the last few years.
The boy runs at m incredible speed-even faster than many adults-
(synonym: unbelievable)
8.skeptical: (in the habit of) doubting that sth. is true, right, tc.(followed by about/of spelled
skeptical in British English )
Examples: Some scientists think average global temperatures have risen due to the greenhouse effect. Others are skeptical of global warming.
He presented his thesis at the conference, but some professors were skeptical about his findings.
He is absolutely convinced that the plan will work, but I'm still a bit skeptic about it.
9.But like a dieter who devours a whole box of cookies in a moment o f weakness, I found my resolve slipping occasionally: But like a dieter who eats quickly. My a whole box of cookies when his determination to go on a diet was not firn1,I sometimes found my resolve was not firm either.
10.consume:1)eat or drink
Examples: Michael consumes nearly a pound of cheese per day.
The children consumed lots of chocolate ice-creams at their birthday party.
2)use up
Examples: Some of the most efficient refrigerators consume 70percent less electricity than traditional models.
The human body consumes energy in the form of carbohydrates.
If consumers don't consume, then workers don't work.
11.care for:1)take care of
Examples: The old mm had a stroke a month ago. His son hired a nurse to care for him.
The college students volunteered to care for the elderly in their community.
2)1ike or love (used in negative or interrogative sentences)
Examples: She had two sons and didn't care for either.
I don't care much for country music.
I don't think he cares for his wife at all my more because of her disloyalty.
12.corporation: a large business or company
Examples: Several multi-national corporations s are located in the new district of Pudong.
It's easier for students graduating from well-known uEnvers1ues to get positions in Large multinational corporations.
13.a Swiss watch: Switzerland is famous for producing watches which are very precise.
14.rarely: not happening often
Examples: Rarely have I seen a student who is so absorbed in history.
He very rarely wears a raincoat because he spends most of his time in a car.
It's strange that the couple were ra1rely seen together.
15.decorate: add (sth.)in order to make a thing more attractive to look at
Examples: The boy decorated his room with pictures of Ms favorite sports figures.
They are going to decorate the classroom for Christmas.
16.client: a person who buys goods or service
Examples: Our company is CITI Bank's most valued client.
The company requires clients to pay substantial fees in advance.
17....I wondered aloud: If you wonder aloud, you express your thoughts as they occur to you,
rather than thinking first and then speaking.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6b968110.html,p:1) the flat formed by your thighs when you are sitting down
Examples: She waited quietly with her hands in her lap.
Sitting on her mother's lap, the little girl was very quiet-
2)a part of a long journey, between two points when you stop
Examples: I had thought we might travel as far as V alley, but we only managed the first lap of the journey.
The first lap of our trip is from New Y ork City to Boston.
19.reproach: criticize (sb.)for failing to do st11.(used in the pattern: reproach sb. for sth.)
Examples: She loved her boyfriend so much that she didn't reproach him for breaking his promise.
He reproached himself constantly for not having visited his sick mother before she died. 20.theory: a formal idea or set of ideas that is intended to explain sth.
Examples: Einstein formulated the theory of relativity in 1905.
Darwin's theory of evolution
quantum theory in physics
(phrase: in theory: under ideal conditions; theoretically
Examples: In theory everyone has equal rights.
A school dental service exists in theory, but in practice, there are few dentists to provide
service.
21.harmony:1)pleasant combination of different notes of music played at the same time Examples:
We appreciated very much the composer's beautiful harmonies in the last movement.
The kids are singing in harmony.
2)a state or condition of agreement, cooperation, or peacefulness
Examples: They argued against the notion that mm should dominate nature rather than live in harmony with it.
Since they moved to this community they have lived in harmony with their neighbors-
22.by nature: as a result of in-born or inherent qualities; innately
Examples: He is by nature rather an aggressive person-
I am not by nature a violent man, but these insults were more than I could bear.
23.get one's act together:(infml) organize oneself and one's activities so that one does things in an
effective way
Examples: Stew will have to get his act together if he is going to pass the exam. He can't just sit about doing nothing all day.
"Come on, you two, get your act together or we'll miss the bus," she shouted at the children as they slowly put on their coats.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/6b968110.html,itary: relating to the armed forces of a country
Examples: The president has not ruled out the possibility of military action.
Y our working day will need to be organized with military precision.
25.put pencil to paper: start to write
Examples: The instant he put pencil to paper, his four-year-old son would sit beside him quietly.
When I put pencil to paper yesterday, vivid memories came flooding back of my first day in school
26.remainder: the remaining time, people or things
Examples: Having finished the work, I spent the remainder of the day reading novels and
listening to music-
Three potatoes each will be enough; the remainder we can use for a salad-
27.at intervals:1) sth. that happens at intervals happens occasionally;st11.that exists at interva1s
exists here and there
Examples: The interview continued, with Smith breaking off at intervals to consult his notes.
Trees have been planted at intervals along the waterfront.
2)used to state the precise gap in time or distance between things
Examples: There were red warning lights at intervals dong the street.
She woke him for his medicines at intervals throughout the night.
28.set aside: put (time or money)away for a special purpose
Examples: I have a little money set aside for emergencies.
My husband set aside half m hour every morning to do sports.
29....a Martian war bank : It refers to a bank which is alien to shop assistants.
30.Only the manager can OK the matter Only the manager cm give his approval for accepting
the woman's check.
31.race the clock: do sth. quickly in order to finish it in the available time
Examples: The semester is coming to an end. We have to race the clock eveηday to prepare for our anal exam.
The deadline will be due tomorrow. We have to race the clock.
32.possess: (fml) l)have or own
Examples: It is said that Michael possesses a fortune of more than two billion dollars.
The number of nations that possess nuclear weapons is on the rise.
33.bide one's time: wait patiently for a chance
Examples: His political rivals are biding their time until after the election for a chance to attack his policies.
She bided her time, planning revenge.
34.charm:attract;give pleasure to
Examples: I was charmed by her slim figure and soft voice.
That handsome young man charms everyone he meets.
n. pleasing quality; attractiveness
Example: "Snow White and Seven Dwarves" has never lost original charm.
35. take in: usu-passive)cheat
Examples; he was so smart that she couldn't be taken in by her colleagues.
The students played a trick on their teacher. unfortunately he was taken in completely.
36.despite: in spite of
Examples: Despite the fact that she fell midway through the race, she won.
They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad weather.
Despite wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to Ms letters.
Despite their poverty, the children seemed happy.
37.have sth./little /much/ nothing to do with: have some /little/much connection with
Examples: I don't know what's the matter with Billy-he says it's nothing to do with school.
I am not sure what her job is, but it has something to do with marketing.
His decision to move overseas has a lot to do with his financial problem.
38. achieve/ have one’s heart’s desire(s): get sb./sth. Y ou want very much
Examples: He was making great efforts to achieve his hear's desires.
To achieve her heart’s desires, she had to work from morning to night.
When she agreed to marry him, he felt he had achieved his heart's desire.
39.a piece of cake: sth. that is very easy to do
Examples: Shopping on line is a piece of cake for the five-year-old.
Getting in touch with his overseas friends via email is a piece of cake for the old man.
40.sophisticated:1)worldly-wise; showing knowledge of the world
Examples: Richard was still young, but he was sophisticated enough to know when people were not telling the truth.
Diana had become a sophisticated woman who knew all the rich and famous people in Paris.
2)advanced or complicated
Examples: The missile has a sophisticated guidance system-
The development of computers and other sophisticated machines has made industry much more efficient.
41.move on to: top doing one thing and begin dealing with the next
Examples: he ran this shop for ten years before deciding to move on to the real estate business .
We're about to move on to the second stage of the project.
Moving on to the question of the concert, e still need volunteers to sell tickets.
42.Then I’ll tell her a story: the tale of a woman who bought her own version of that bridge in
Brooklyn and found that it was a wise investment after all-:Then the author wi1l tell her friend a story about her choice to follow her dreams and her discovery that following her dreams was a good choice.
43.investment: putting money in st11.(followed by in)
Examples: More and more people have the desire to buy a house as m investment.
Buying shares in b111e-chip companies is always a sound investment.
Total foreign investment in America sti11constitutes only a small portion of US assets.
How do some women manage to combine a full-time job with family responsibilities and still find time for doing other things? Adrienne Popper longs to be like them, but wonders whether it is an impossible dream.
?: https://www.doczj.com/doc/6b968110.html,/Article/200809/48988.shtml
全新版大学英语综合教程第二册Unit 6 Women, Half the Sky 全新版大学英语学2010-04-18 12:04:42 阅读450 评论0 字号：大中小订阅Language Points for Text A I’m Going to Buy the Brooklyn Bridge
in Unit 6 Women, Half the Sky
Language points in PartⅠ
1) bulletin: a short printed newspaper or leaflet, esp. one produced regularly by a group or organization
The company publishes an annual staff bulletin.
该公司刊印年度员工简报。
I read in the church bulletin that our friend’s baby would be baptized.
我从教堂公告中看到我们朋友的孩子将受洗。
2). item: a.a single piece of news
There is a fascinating news item in today’s China Daily.
今天的中国日报里有一则引人注意的消息。
While Jennie scanned the newspaper, a strange item of news attracted her attention.
詹妮浏览报纸时，一则奇怪的新闻引起了她的注意。
b. a single article or unit on a list or among a set
Their kitchen cabinets are crowded with items that just go to waste.
他们橱柜了塞满了被白白浪费的东西。
There are at least 50 items on her Christmas shopping list.
她的圣诞购物清单上至少罗列了50件要买的东西。
3) draft: a rough outline or version
My student emailed the first draft of his thesis to me yesterday.
昨天，我学生把他论文的第一稿用电子邮件发给我了。
This is only the first draft of my speech, but what do you think of it?
这只是我演讲的第一稿，你认为如何？
4) undo: a. (fml) disturb or upset greatly
My daughter’s idea about wealth undid me.
我女儿对财富的看法让深感不安。
The sight of the animal’s suffering undid me.
看到动物的痛苦让我焦躁不安。
b. untie, open
It’s so warm inside. He undid his coat and took it off.
里面这么暖和，他脱掉了外套。
Would you please undo this knot for me?
你能帮我解开这个结吗？
5)… she had a bridge in Brooklyn she’d like to sell me: suggesting that she thought the author so gullible that she could be persuaded to buy the bridge from her. Here she deliberately played on the meaning of the expression selling the Brooklyn Bridge tp somebody.
6) hit / strike home: (of remarks, etc.) have the intended effort
His criticism hit home. I was really selfish.
他的批评一言中的，我真自私。
I could see from her expression that his comments had hit home.
我能从她的表情判断出来他的评论正中要害。
7) incredible:that can’t be believed
It seemed incredible that people would still want to play soccer during a war.
在战争期间，人们还想踢足球，这让人难以置信。
There has been an incredible amount of interest in the information highway during the last few years.
在过去的几年里，信息高速公路的投资收益令人难以相信。
(synonym: unbelievable)
8). skeptical:(in the habit of) doubting that sth. is true, right, etc. (followed by about/of; spelled
sceptial in British English)
Some scientists think average global temperatures have risen due to the greenhouse effect.
Others are
skeptical of global warming.
有些科学家认为温室效应导致了全球平均气温升高。其他科学家却对全球变暖持怀疑态度。
He presented his thesis at the conference, but some professors were skeptical about his findings.他在会议上介绍了自己的论文，但是几个教授怀疑他的研究结果。
9) But like a dieter who devours a whole box of cookies in a moment of weakness, I found my
resolve
slipping occasionally: But like a dieter who eats quickly a whole box of cookies when his determination to go on a diet was not firm, I sometimes found my resolve was not firm either.
10) consume: a) eat or drink
Michael consumes nearly a pound of cheese per day.
迈克每天吃掉将近一磅奶酪。
The children consumed lots of chocolate ice-creams at their birthday party.
孩子们在生日派对上吃掉了许多巧克力冰淇淋。
b). use up
Some of the most efficient refrigerators consume 70 percent less electricity than traditional models.
有些功效最高的电冰箱比传统模式的电冰箱节电70%。
The human body consumes energy in the form of carbohydrate.
人体消耗以碳水化合物的形式存在的能量。
If consumers don’t consume, then workers don’t work.
如果消费者不消费，工人们就没有工作。
11). care for: a. take care of
The old man had a stroke a month ago. His son hired a nurse to care for him.
这位老人一个月前中风。他儿子顾了个护士照顾他。
The college students volunteered to care for the elderly in their community.
这些大学生自愿照顾他们社区的老年人。
b. like or love (used in negative or interrogative sentences)
She had two sons and didn’t care for either.
她有两个儿子，但是一个也不喜欢。
I don’t care much for country music.
我不怎么喜欢乡村音乐。
I don’t think he cares for his wife at all any more because of her disloyalty.
我不认为他还爱自己的妻子，因为她对他不忠。
Language points in Part Ⅱ
1) corporation: a large business or company
Several multi-national corporations are located in the new district of Pudong.
数家跨国公司位于浦东新区。
It’s easier for students graduating from well-known universities to get positions in large multinational corporations.
毕业于知名高校的学生更容易在大型跨国公司找到工作。
2). a Swiss watch: Switzerland is famous for producing watches which are very precise.
3).rarely: not happening often
Rarely have I seen a student who is so absorbed in history.
我很少见到有学生如此地全神贯注于历史。
He very rarely wears a raincoat because he spends most of his time in his car.
他很少穿雨衣，因为他大部分时间在车里。
4). decorate: add (sth) in order to make a thing more attractive to look at
The boy decorated his room with pictures of his favorite .sports figures.
男孩用最喜欢的体育明星的图片装饰自己的房间。
They are going to decorate the classroom for Christmas..
他们将要装饰教室过圣诞节。
5). client: a person who buys goods or service
Our company is CITI Bank’s most valued client.
我们公司是花旗银行最尊贵的客户。
The company requires clients to pay substantial fees in advance.
该公司要求顾客先交纳实际费用。
6). … I wondered aloud: If you wonder aloud, you express your thoughts as they occur to you, rather than thinking first and then speaking.
7).lap: a. the flap area formed by your thighs when you are sitting down
She waited quietly with her hands in her lap.
她俩手放在膝上，静静地等着。
Sitting on her mother’s lap, the little girl was very qui et.
坐在母亲膝上，小女孩很安静。
b. a part of a long journey, between two points where you stop
The first lap of our trip is from New Y ork City to Boston.
我们的第一段旅程是从纽约城到波士顿。
I had thought we might travel as far as Oak V alley, but we only managed the first lap of the journey.
我曾想我们能旅行到橡树谷，但是我们仅仅完成了第一段旅程。
8). reproach: criticize (sb.) for failing to do sth.(used in the pattern: reproach sb.
She loved her boyfriend so much that she didn’t reproach him for breaking his promise..
她是如此爱自己的男朋友，以至于不责怪他违背诺言。
He reproached himself constantly for not having visited his sick mother before she died..
他不停地责备自己，因为他没能在母亲病故之前看望她。
Language points in Part Ⅲ
1).theory: a formal idea or set of ideas that is intended to explain sth
Einstein formulated the theory of relativity in 1905.
1905年爱因斯坦用公式阐明了相对论。
Darwin’s theory of evolution
达尔文的进化论
Quantum theory in physics
物理学里的量子理论
in theory: under ideal conditions; theoretically
In theory everyone has equal rights.
从理论上讲，每个人拥有相等的权利。
A school dental service exists in theory, but in practice, there are few dentists to provide service.理论上。学校有牙科服务；但是，实际上，仅有几个牙医能提供服务。
2) harmony: a. pleasant combination of different notes of music played at the same time
We appreciated very much the composer’s beautiful har monies in the last movement.
我们非常欣赏该作曲家在最后乐章里谱写的美丽和弦。
The kids are singing in harmony.
孩子们在合唱。
b. a state or condition of agreement, cooperation, or peacefulness
They argued against the notion that man should dominate nature rather than live in harmony with it.
他们反对认为人类应主宰自然而不是与自然和谐相处的观点。
Since they moved to this community they have lived in harmony with their neighbors.
自从他们搬到该社区，他们一直与邻居们和睦相处。
3). by nature: as a result of inborn or inherent qualities; innately
He is by nature rather than an aggressive person.
他不是一个生性好斗的人。
I am not by nature a violent man, but these insults were more than I could bear.
我不是一个生性暴躁的人，但是这些侮辱不能让人忍受。
in nature: in fact, 本质上；
What in nature do you mean?
你究竟是什么意思？
4).get one’s act together:(infml) organize oneself and one’s activities so that one does things in
an effective way
Steve will have to get his act together if he is going to pass the exam. He can’t just sit about doing nothing all day.
如果斯梯夫想通过考试的话，他将必须安排好自己的事。他不能整天无所事事地坐着。“Come on, you two, get your act together or we’ll miss the bus,” she shouted at the children as they slowly
put on their coats.
“你们俩过来，整理好自己的东西，否则我就会错过汽车，”她对慢腾腾地穿上衣的孩子们喊道。
5). military: relating to the armed forces of a country
The president has not ruled out the possibility of military action.
总统没有排除采取军事行动的可能性。
Y our working day will need to be organized with military precision.
你的工作时间将需要以军事化的精度加以安排。
6).put pencil to paper: start to write
The instant he put pencil to paper, his four-year-old son would sit beside him quietly.
他一开始写作，他四岁的儿子就安静的坐在旁边。
When I put pencil to paper yesterday, vivid memories came flooding back of my first day in school.
昨天，我开始写时，我第一天上学的情景就生动活现的涌现在我眼前。
7). remainder: the remaining time, people, or things
Having finished the work, I spent the remainder of the day reading novels and listening to music.
由于已经完成了工作，我就用剩余的时间看小说，听音乐。
Three potatoes each will be enough; the remainders we can use for a salad.
每人三个马铃薯就够了，剩余的可以用来做沙拉。
8). at intervals: a. sth. that happens at intervals happens occasionally; sth. that exists at intervals
exists here and there.
The interview continued, with Smith breaking off at intervals to consult his notes.
采访继续进行着，史密斯不断停下来查看自己的笔记。
Trees have been planted at intervals along the waterfront.
滨水地区已经栽满了树。
b. used to state the precise gap in time or distance between things.
There were red warning lights at intervals along the street.
沿街，每隔一段距离就有一盏红色的警示灯。
She woke him for his medicines at intervals throughout the night.
夜间她每隔一段时间就叫醒他吃药。
9). set aside: put (money or time) away for a special purpose
I have a little money set aside for emergencies.
我已经留出一点钱以备急用。
My husband set aside half an hour every morning to do sports..
我丈夫每天早晨抽出半个小时作运动。
10). … a Martian bank: it refers to a bank which is alien to shop assistants.
11). Only the manager can OK the matter: only the manager can give his approval for accepting
the woman’s check.
12). race the clock: do sth. quickly in order to finish it in the available time
The semester is coming to an end. We have to race the clock every day to prepare for our final exams.
这个学期快结结束了，每天我们都必须争分夺秒地准备期末考试。
The deadline will be due tomorrow. We have to race the clock.
明天就到最后期限了，我必须争分夺秒地工作。
13). possess: (fml) have or own
It is said that Michael possesses a fortune of more than two billion dollars.
据说迈克拥有价值两百美圆的财富。
The number of nations that possess nuclear weapons is on the rise.
拥有核武器的国家的数目在增长。
14). Bide one’s time: wait patiently for a chance.
His political rivals are biding their time until after the election for a chance to attack his policies.
他的政敌在等待良机攻击他的政策，直到选举结束后才找到机会。
She bided her time, planning revenge.
她等待时机进行复仇。
Language points in Part Ⅳ
1) charm: attract; give pleasure to
I was charmed by her slim figure and soft voice.
我被她苗条的体形和温柔的声音吸引住了。
That handsome young man charms everyone he meets.
那个英俊的年轻人真是人见人爱。
n. pleasing quality; attractiveness
“Snow White and Seven Dwarves” has never lost its original charm.
白雪公主和七个小矮人的故事的魅力经久不衰。
2). take in: (usu. passive) cheat
She was so smart that she couldn’t be taken in by her colleagues.
她是如此聪慧以至于同事们都骗不了她。
The students played a trick o their teacher. Unfortunately he was taken in completely.
学生们对老师搞了个恶作剧。不幸的是老师完全上当了。
3). Despite: in spite of
Despite the fact that she fell midway through the race, she won.
尽管在赛跑途中摔倒在地，她还是赢得了比赛。
They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad weather.
他们假期过的很是精彩，尽管天气恶劣。
Despite wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to his letters.
尽管想再去看他，她依然拒绝给他回信。
Despite their poverty, the children seemed happy.
尽管贫穷，孩子们看上去还是愉快的。
4). have sth / little / much / nothing to do with: have some / little / much connection with
I don’t know what’s the matter with Billy —he says it’s nothing to do with school.
我不知道贝利出了什么事，但是他说这和学校无关。
I am not sure what her job is, but it has something to do with marketing.
我不清楚她是做什么工作的，但是她的工作和营销有关。
His decision to move overseas has a lot to do with his financial problem.
他决定移居海外，这和他的经济问题有关系。
5). achieve /have one’s heart’s desire: get sb. / sth. you want very much
He was making great efforts to achieve his heart’s desires.
为了实现自己的愿望，他努力奋斗。
To achieve her heart’s desires, she had to work from morning to night.
为了得到自己心中渴望的东西，她不得不从早忙到晚。
When she agreed to marry him he felt he had achieved his heart’s desire.
当她同意嫁给他时，他感到心满意足了。
6). a piece of cake: sth. that is very easy to do
Shopping on line is a piece of cake for the five-year-old.
在网上购物对这个5岁的孩子来说简直是小菜一碟。
Getting in touch with his overseas friends via email is a piece of cake for the old man.
通过电子邮件与海外的朋友们联系对这个老头来说是不费吹灰之力的事。
7). sophisticated: a. worldly-wise; showing knowledge of the world
Richard was still young, but he was sophisticated enough to know when people were not telling the truth.
尽管理查德还年轻，但是他已经成熟到能够知道人们什么时候撒谎了。
Diana had become a sophisticated woman who knew all the rich and famous people in Paris.
戴安娜已经变成了一个老练的女人，她认识巴黎的所有富人和名人。
b. advanced or complicated
The missile has a sophisticated guidance system.
该导弹配有复杂的导航系统。
The development of computers and other sophisticated machines has made industry much more efficient.
电子计算机和其它先进机器的发展大大提高了工业的生产效率。
Language points in Part Ⅴ
1).move on to: stop doing one thing and begin dealing with the next.
She ran his shop for ten years before deciding to move on to the real estate business.
在做房地产生意之前，她已经经营了10年的商店。
We’re about to move on to the second stage of project.
我们正要谈论该方案的第二阶段的有关事宜。
Moving on to the question of the concert, we still need volunteers to sell tickets.
说道音乐会的问题，我们仍需要志愿者来买票。
2). Then I’ll tell her a story: the tale of a woman who bought her own version o f that bridge
in Brooklyn and found that it was a wise investment after all.: Then the author will tell her friend a story about her choice to follow her dreams and her discovery that following her dreams was a good choice.
3). investment: putting money in sth. (followed by)
More and more people have the desire to buy a house as an investment.
越来越多的人想买套房子作为投资。
Buying shares in blue-chip companies is always a sound investment.
购买业绩优良的公司的股票总是稳妥的投资。
Total foreign investment in America still constitutes only a small portion of US assets.
美国的外来投资仍然只占其国家资产的一小部分