2013年自考英语二复习资料
UNIT 1-1
UNIT 1
一、word study
objective,accompany,argue,define
①objective
a.⑴客观的，真实的。⑵如实的，无偏见的。
We have to accept the objective reality as it is.
我们必须接受客观事实。
The literary [?lit?r?ri]critics [?kritik]should be as objective as possible in analysis 分析and judgement n.判断，鉴定，评价，判断；审判，裁判，判决；看法，意见；判断力，见识.
文学批评家在分析和评价时应尽量不偏不倚。
n.目标，目的。
People work hard to carry out（（完成）the economic（经济学的）objectives（目标）of the Ninth Five-Year Plan.
人们为了实现第九个五年规划的经济目标而努力工作。
My objective for the present is to pass the oral（口述的）exam.
我目前的目标是通过口试。
②accompany
vt./vi.1、伴随，陪同；2、为。。。伴奏
The singer was accompanied on the piano by his pupil[?pju:p?l].
演唱者由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏。
The lonely old man is accompanied by his dog.
这位孤独的老人让他的狗作伴。
All orders must be accompanied with cash.
所有的订货单必须随附现金。
③argue
vt./vi.争辩，争论，辩论
作不及物动词用时，后边可以接with,about或over，for（赞成）或against（反对）。
She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues.
她总喜欢为极小的问题进行争论。
He often argues philosophy [fi?l?s?fi]with James.
他常和詹姆斯讨论哲学。
He argued for immediate adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；目前的，当前的；直觉的action.
他主张立即行动。
They argued against such a policy.政策；策略；保险单；策略性
他们反对这种政策。
vt.1、说服；2、用辩论说服
argue into（out of）doing sth.. 说服某人做（不做）某事。
I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.
我说服他不做这样危险的旅行。
He argued that man was descended从一个祖先传下来的from apes.
他论证人类的祖先是猿。
④define
vt.1、解释，给。。。下定义；2、限定，规定。
Work is defined as the product of a force and the distance through which its point of application moves in the direction of the force.
功的定义是力和力的着力点沿力的方向移动的距离的乘积。
He has defined his position on the issues.
他已表明自己在这些问题上的立场。
UNIT 1-2
二、常考句型
1、决策是在现有的可选做法中所做的选择。P1
A decision is a choice made from among alternative （非正统的，不寻常的；两者择一的）courses of action that are available（可用的；有空的；可会见的）.
2、管理者经常必须对未来的情况下做出最佳的猜测，尽量不存侥幸。P2
Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance.
3、如果没有选择，就无决策可言。P3
If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made.
4、对于管理者而言，每次决策都受到政策、程序、法律、惯例等待因素的制约。P3
For managers, every decision has constraints [k?n?streint]based on policies（policy 的复数）, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like.
5、例如，管理者有时以非此即彼的方式来处理问题。P4
For example, managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion.
n.时尚，时装；时装领域，时尚界；方式，方法
vt.制作，塑造；使适应
6、决策者们必须有办法决定数个可选项中的哪一个是最好的---哪一个对组织目标的实现起作用最大。P6
Decision makers must have some way of determining（determine、决定）which of several alternatives 二中择一is best—that is, which contributes the most to the achievement完成of organizational goals.
7、就更大的系统来说，增加研究经费以便改进产品，对该组织更有益。P6
In the larger scheme of things, however, increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization.
8、有些目标比另一些目标更重要，但其排序和重要性则因人和部门而异。P7
Some of these objectives are more important than others, but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department .
三、习题
1.单词英译汉
goal,
Objective
adj.客观的，实体的；目标的；[语]宾格的；[医]他觉的
n.目标，任务；[光]物镜；[语]宾语，宾格；[事]出击目标
accomplish vt.完成；达到（目的）；走完（路程、距离等）；使完美
predict, vt.预言，预测；预示，预告vi.预言，预示：预言某事，预言
accompany,vt.陪伴，陪同；附加，补充；与……共存；为……伴奏vi.伴奏
implement,vt.实施，执行；使生效，实现；落实（政策）；把…填满n.工具，器械；家具；手段；[法]履行（契约等
tendency,n.倾向，趋势；（话或作品等的）旨趣，意向；性情；癖好
achievement, argue,
budget,n.预算；预算案；预算拨款；一束vt.& vi.把……编入预算；谨慎花钱adj.价格低廉的；花钱少的；收费合理的；便宜的vt.在预算中拨款给；按预算拨（款）；按预算来计划（或安排）；规划vi.做安排（for）define,vt.规定；使明确；精确地解释；画出……的线条vi.（给词、短语等）下定义，构成释义
entity,n.实体；实际存在物；本质
2.词组英译汉
in the way, in part在某种程度上，部分地；一半, point of view观点, contribute to促成, apply for, 申请；声请in hand, 在手中，有关系；手持to turn down拒绝
3.句子英译汉
与常考句型相同。
4.Text A 汉译英
决策者应该能够对将来作出最好的推测。
Decision makers should be able to make a best guess at what the future will be.
有人认为经理们所作的一切均与决策有关。
Some people believe almost everything a manager does involves 表明、使参与decision.
没有正确的选择就没有正确的决定。
If there is no proper 适当的choice, there is no proper decision.
不同的人对同样的问题有不同的看法，所以解决的办法也不同。
Different people have different ideas about the same problem; their solutions to the problem are, therefore,因此also different.
决策者往往是公司业务发展的关键。
Decision makers often play the key role in the development of the business of a company.
Decision makers are usually key people who determine the company's business development.
四、历年试题
1. Almost everything a manager does _______ (involve) decisions, indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making . (99.4)。
一个管理者所做的所有事情几乎都离不开决策，甚至人提出管理就是决策。
答案是involves . 考点: involve 为谓语动词，应该用一般现在时。
2.If there is no choice, there is no decision _______(make). (99.4)
答案是to be made 。考点：to be made 是动词不定式作定语修饰decision.
3. If you are now_____your thirties, you can expect to live nearly one third of the rest of your life after the age of 60. (99.4)
A. in
B. at
C. between
D. among
答案是 A.
4. Almost everything a manager does_____decisions; indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making. (00.4)
A. imposes
B. improvise
C. involves
D. indicates
答案为C .
5. When______(present目前的) with a common case, sales managers tend to（倾向于）see sales problems and production managers see production problems.
看到一个常见的情况时,销售经理易于看到销售问题,生产部经理看到生产问题
答案为presented . 考点：present 是过去分词作状语。
6. An organization is a group of people, and a decision_____(make) today may have consequences far into the future.
一个组织的一群人，今天做了一个决定可能会对未来产生深远的影响。
答案是made . 考点：make 是过去分词作定语，修饰decision .
7. 汉译英：通常管理者必须对未来的情况作出最佳的预测。
答案：Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be.
1. 决策的目的是为了实现组织的目标。
答：The purpose of making a decision is to achieve organizational goals.
2. 决策过程对经营管理至关重要。
答：The decision-making process is fundamental to business management.
3. 经理所做的任何事情几乎都与决策有关。
答：Almost everything a manager does involves decision-making.
4. 虽然我们不能预见未来，但应当尽量减少偶然性发生。
答：Although we cannot predict the future, we must try t leave as little as possible to chance.
5. 不同的管理者对同一问题的解释不同。
答：Different manager define the same problem in different terms.
一、word study
exert,collapse,lauch,operate
①exert
vt.尽（力）；发挥（威力等）；施加（压力等）；产生（影响等）；行使（职权等）
He has exerted all his strength to attain his goal.
他已尽了全力以达到自己的目标。
He has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my mind.
他一直在施加种种压力要我改变主意。
These principles exerted great influence upon the course of the revolution.
这些原则对革命进程产生了很大的影响。
②collapse
n.1、倒塌，崩溃，瓦解；2、（健康等）垮掉，（因精疲力竭等原因）倒下
The storm caused the collapse of the wooden shelter.
暴风雨使这个避风雨的木棚倒塌了。
He suffered from a nervous collapse.
他的精神崩溃了。
The collapse of the government left the country in confusion.
政府的倒台使全国陷入混乱之中。
vi.倒塌，崩溃
The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.
屋顶被雪压塌了。
The negotiations collapsed after several meetings.
会谈了几次之后，谈判破裂了。
In the last weeks of the war she collapsed from long imprisonment.
在战争的最后几个星期里她的身体因长期监禁而垮掉了。
③lauch
vt 1、发射，投射；2、使（船）下水
The satellite was launched in a rocket.
这颗卫星是由火箭发射的。
The hunter launched a spear at the wolf.
猎人把矛向狼掷去。
A new ship has been successfully launched.
一条新船已成功地下水。
vt ./vi.发动，发起（运动等）
launch out into 开始，着手进行
Our army launched an attack on the enemy.
我们的军队向敌人发起猛攻。
The police launched an investigation into the case.
警察对此案开展了调查。
The research group launched out into a series of new experiment.
研究小组着手进行了一系列新的实验。
UNIT 2-2
④operate
vi. 1、运转，起作用；2、动手术（on,upon）
The elevator operates smoothly.
电梯运行顺利。
The medicine gradually operated.
药物逐渐奏效了。
The doctor operated on the neck of the patient.
医生给病人的颈部动手术。
vt.1、操作，操纵，经营；2、对。。。动手术
This airline operates five main lines and dozens of branch lines.
这家航空公司经营五条主干线和十几条支线。
Do you know how to operate the machine?
你知道怎么开这台机器吗？
The doctor operated the patient on the neck.
医生给病人的颈部动手术。
He was operated on for lung cancer.
他因肺癌动了手术。
二、常考句型
1、天文学家和科学家认为黑洞是一种空间区，物质可以掉进黑洞但任何物质不能逃脱。P1
Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape.
2、理论上是这样的：当某些星体的密度增大到某一特定点时便发生爆炸。P2
The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point.
3、有人认为圣诞星可能是一颗超新星。P2
Some people think that the Start of Bethlehem could have been a supernova.
4、假定一个人掉进黑洞，他会认为很快就能到达黑洞中心。P3
If a man fell into a black hole, he would think that he reached the center of it very quickly.
5、只是在近几年天文学家才开始具体研究黑洞。P3
It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes.
6、另一方面，科学家们也在设想，由于有非常先进的技术，人们也许能在将来利用黑洞为人类服务。P5
On the other hand, scientists have suggested that every advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind.
三、习题
Unit 2 练习：
1.词汇英译汉：
escape, explode, collapse, shrink, gravity, measurement, basis, launch, convincing, companion,
speculation, swallow, operate, to make use of, a great many, above all
2.句子英译汉：
1) ~6) 与常考句型相同。
7) There might be a massive black hole at the center of our galaxy swallowing up stars at a very rapid rate.
8) They show us a world which operates in a totally different way from our own and they question our most basic experience of space and time.
UNIT 2-3
3 句子汉译英
黑洞是什么，天文学家还没有完全解决这个问题。
Astronomers have not yet fully solved the problem of what a black hole is.
据说黑洞可以将其周围的一切物体，如星星吞食掉。
It is said that black holes are able to swallow up all the objects around them, such as stars .
对黑洞的研究刚刚开始，各种各样的假说层出不穷。
The research of black holes is just beginning and speculation about them are endless.
科学家仍不能说出黑洞内发生了什么。
Scientists still can not tell what happens inside a black hole.
It is still impossible for scientists to tell what happens inside a black hole.
如果我们认识了黑洞，黑洞就不那么可怕了。
If we understood black holes, they would not be so fearful .
Black holes will not be so fearful if we get to know them.
单元课后练习
Ⅰ.Word Spelling
1.密度n. density _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2.（使）倒塌，（使）崩溃v. collapse _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3.边界线，边界n. boundary _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
4.永恒的，经久不变的 a.c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
5.基础，根据n.b _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
6.发射，发动v.l _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
7.双胞胎之一a.t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
8.同伴，同事n.c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
9.人类n.m _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
10.推测，猜测n.s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
11.吞v.s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
12.不充分的a.i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
13.物质n.m _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
14.情况，环境a.c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
15.发生，出现v.o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
16.强烈的a.i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
17.证据n.e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
18.看不见的a.i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
19.宇航员n.a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
20.热带的a.t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Ⅱ.Word Form
1.Supernovae____(report) by astronomers in the seventeenth and eighteenth
centuries.
2.Imagine the earth reduced to the size of a marble, but still____(have) the
same mass, and you have some idea of the force of a black hole.
3.If one____(make) a journey over the Continents one would find every kind of
surface including mountain ranges, plains, and empty areas covered permanently by ice and snow.
4.And astronomers are planning a new observatory to study the individual
exploding stars____(believe) to be black holes.
5.Matter from the one which we can see____(pull) towards the companion star. UNIT 2-4
6.There might be a massive black hole at the centre of our galaxy____(swallow) up stars at a very rapid rate.
7.The most____(convince) evidence of black holes comes from research into binary star systems.
8.They show us a world which operates in a ____(total) different way from our own.
9.The surface of some areas____(consist) largely of high mountains and deep valleys.
10.Our world is the home of a very great many different people-peoples with different____(colour) skins.
Ⅲ.Vocabulary and Structure
1.Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space (not a thing)____which matter has fallen and____which nothing can escape-not even light.
[A] into into
[B] into from
[C] from into
[D] from from
2.This process of shrinking may be so intense____a black hole results.
[A] whether
[B] what
[C] which
[D] that
3.Binary stars,____their name suggests, are twin stars whose position in space affects each other.
[A] as
[B] that
[C] what
[D] if
4.In some binary systems, astronomers have shown that there is an invisible companion star, a 'partner' to____which we can see in the sky.
[A] the one
[B] that
[C] the ones
[D] those
5.On the other hand, scientists have suggested that very advanced technology could one day____the energy of black holes for mankind.
[A] make fun of
[B] make sure of
[C] make use of
[D] make sense of
6.Astronomers have evidence of a few other stars too, which might have black holes as____.
[A] companies
[B] comparisons
[C] compounds
[D] companions
7.The earth is one of nine planets which move in____round the sun.
[A] track
[B] orbit
[C] tour
[D] route
UNIT 2-5
8.In August 1977, a satellite was____to gather data about the black holes in the Milky way.
[A] posted
[B] delivered
[C] launched
[D] transmitted
9.The terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon are____here.
[A] inadequate
[B] invisible
[C] intense
[D] individual
10.We know nothing about events which happen once objects pass this boundary, But____,matter must behave very differently inside the hole.
[A] in addition
[B] in person
[C] in detail
[D] in theory
Ⅳ.C-E Translation
1.这个收缩的过程如此强烈，以至于黑洞产生了。
2.直到最近天文学家们才开始研究黑洞。
3.但是从理论上说，物质在黑洞里的行为一定非常不同。
4.黑洞最强有力的证据来自对双星系的研究。
5.有一天也许人类也会遭此命运。
单元自测答案Unit 2
Ⅰ.Word Spelling
1.density
2.collapse
3.boundary
4.constant
5.basis
https://www.doczj.com/doc/5214705060.html,unch
7.twin https://www.doczj.com/doc/5214705060.html,panion 9.mankind
10.speculation 11.swallow 12.inadequate
13.matter 14.circumstance 15.occur
16.intense 17.evidence 18.invisible
19.astronaut 20.tropical
Ⅱ.Word Form
1.were reported
2.having
3.made
4.believed
5.is being pulled
6.swallowing
7.convincing 8.totally 9.consists
10.coloured
Ⅲ.Vocabulary and Structure
1.B
2.D
3.A
4.A
5.C
6.D
7.B
8.C
9.A 10.D
Ⅳ.C-E Translation
1.This process of shrinking is so intense that a black hole results.
2.It is only recently/It is not until recently that astronomers have begun specific
research into black holes.
UNIT 2-6
3.But in theory, matter must behave very differently/in a very different manner inside the black hole.
4.The most convincing evidence of black holes comes from research into binary star systems.
5.Mankind may one day meet this fate.
四、历年试题
1. 星体的密度增大到一定程度时就会发生爆炸。
答：The star will explode when its density increases to some extent.
2. 你能想象黑洞的引力有多大吗？
答：Can you imagine how strong the gravitational pull of a black hole is ?
3. 假如有人掉进黑洞，他会认为很快能到达黑洞的中心。
答：If a man fell into a black hole, he would think that he reached the center of it very quickly.
4. 早在17世纪天文学家便对超新星有过报道。
答：Supernovae were reported by astronomers as early as in the seventeenth century.
5. 他已尽了全力以达到自己的目标。
答：He has exerted all his strength to attain his goal.
UNIT 3-1
一、word study
request,ensure,oppose,burden,open up
①request n./vt.请求，要求
request 后面接for，表示要求的对象；―根据要求‖为by(或on) request；―应。。。之要求‖则为at sb‘s request。
He made a request for immediate help.
他要求立即给予帮助。Minibuses stop by request. 小公共汽车招手即停。
Instructions will be sent immediately on(upon) request.
说明将按要求立即寄出。
The singer gave one more song at our request. 歌唱家在我们的要求下又唱了一首歌。Your silence is requested.
请勿说话。
②ensure vt.保证，担保
ensure 后面接against 或from，表示―保证。。。免于。。。‖；后面接to 或for，则表示―保证。。。具有。。。‖。
We can ensure that the work w ill be done in the right way.
我们可以保证把工作做好。
The police can ensure the witness against (或from) danger.
警察能保证证人免受危险。
This measure ensure to (或for) us a voice in the matter.
这项措施使我们在这件事上具有发言权。
③oppose vt.1、反对，反抗；2、使相对，使对抗（to）
Many people opposed building a new highw ay because of the great cost.
由于代价过于高昂，许多人都反对修一条新公路。
To the difficulties she opposed a will of iron.
她用钢铁般的意志对待困难。
What he said was totally opposed to the facts.
他说的与事实完全相反。
We are firmly opposed to this dirty political deal.
我们坚决反对这场肮脏的政治交易。
④burden n.1、担子，负担；2、责任，义务
She bore the w hole burden of raising two children.
她一个人负起抚养两个孩子的全部责任。
The burden of running the factory is too heavy for his failing health. 管理这家工厂的重担对他日益恶化的健康来说是太重了。vt.使负重担；麻烦，劳累
The mother w as burden w ith w orries.
妈妈忧心忡忡。
Students are heavily burdened with home assignments.
学生家庭作业负担过重。
⑤open up
1、打开；
2、开办，开辟，开发；
3、坦诚地或无拘无束地谈话They opened up his stomach to get at the source of the trouble. 他们给他的胃开了刀，以找出病根。
They opened up a mine in the remote areas.
他们在那个偏远地区开了矿。
They decided to open up a business in the town.
他们决定在城里开一家店。
The girl decided to open up and tell us everything.
这个女孩决定坦诚地告诉我们一切。
UNIT 3-2
二、常考句型
1、范万德尔重病在身，再也不能说清楚话，他知道他没有康复的希望，身体状况正在急剧恶化。P2
Affected w ith a serious disease, van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there w as no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.
2、在让自己的医生注射最后结束生命的那一针之前，范万德尔生命中的最后三个月被拍摄了下来，去年在荷兰电视上首次播出。P3
Van Wendel‘s last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor w ere filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.
3、从那时开始，已有20 多个国家买下了这个节目，每次播放都引起了对这一话题的全国性大辩论。P3
The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationw ide debate on the subject.
4、那些反对安乐死的人实际在告诉我，临终者没有这个权利。P9
What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven‘t the right.
三、习题
1.词汇英译汉
. weaken . deteriorate .debate . legal. request . criterion . ensure . op pose tradition consideration disabled . burden vulnerable prohibition sensitive 词组：. to debate on . to make request for be opposed to . to take … into account
2.句子英译汉（重点句）
Affected w ith a serious disease, van Wendal w as no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there w as no hope of recovery and that his condition w as rapidly deteriorating.
Van Wendel‘s last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor w ere filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.
The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is show n, it starts a nationw ide debate on the subject.
What those people w ho oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven‘t the right.
The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering , that there is no
chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia .
I think that anything that legally allow s the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.
3.句子汉译英P.59
安乐死的确能解除临终病人的痛苦。
Euthanasia can really help rid the dying patients of extreme suffering . Euthanasia does release the dying people from their suffering . 你知道不知道荷兰是欧洲唯一允许安乐死的国家?
Do you know that the Netherlands is the only country in Europe that permits euthanasia ?
支持这一观点的医生并不意味着他们不关心病人。
Those doctors w ho support the idea never mean they don‘t care about / for patients .
在第一个医生诊断疾病之后，必须由另外一名医生确认病情。
After the first doctor has diagnosed the illness , a second doctor must confirm the case .
反对者认为病人并不一定真正希望结束生命，可能请求之后另有他求。
Opponents think patients may not really w ant to end their lives, and probably there is another request behind the request .
四、历年试题
1. The film （show ）Cees Van Wendel ‘s deat h w as both moving and sensitive.（99.10）
答案：showing . 考点：showing 是现在分词作定语修饰the film .
2. Each time the programmer of Van Wendal‘s last days before euthanasia w as showed on T V, it starts a nationw ide debate the subject. （99.10）
A. for
B. against
C. on
D. of
答案：C . 考点：词组debate on 对…的争论。
3. 汉译英：每次播放这个节目，都引起对此话题的全国性大辩论。（99.10）答案：Each time it is shown , this program starts a nationw ide debate on the subject.
（00.10）答案：The patient is said to have
4. 汉译英：据说那个病人曾要求医生助他一死。
asked the doctor to help him die.
（或者：It is said that the patient has asked the doctor to help him die .）
UNIT 4-1
一、word study
exploit ,campaign,execute,deserve,status,bring over
①exploit vt.1、开发，开采；2、利用；3、剥削 A mine is exploited for its minertals. 开发矿山是为了采矿。
The student exploits every possibility to learn English.
这个学生利用一切可能性学英语。
The company exploited its w orkers w ith long hours and low pay.
该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。
②campaign n.1、战役；2、运动，参选运动
The Huai-Hai Campaign was essential to the victory of the War of Liberation.
淮海战役对解放战争的胜利至关重要。
Our country is launching a campaign against waste.
我们国家正在开展反浪费运动。
His presidential campaign succeeded and he w on the election. 总统竞选运动取得成功，他当选了。vi.参加运动，参加竞选活动
They w ere campaigning to keep the local school open.
他们为使当地学校不致关闭而奔走活动。
The candidates for president campaigned by sending out letters to voters and speaking at public meeting.
总统候选人通过向选民发信和群众集会上讲演来竞选。
vt.使。。。参加运动；对。。。进行活动
Joan is campaigning the government for equal rights for women.
琼对政府进行活动，要求给予妇女同等权利。
③execute vt.1、实行，执行，完成，贯彻；2、将。。。处死All orders were immediately executed.
所有的命令都立即执行了。
Your order will be executed as early as possible.
你的命令将尽早执行。
The pianist executed the piece of music perfectly.
这位钢琴家把这首曲子演奏得完美极了。
The criminal w as executed after the trial.
审判后罪犯即被处死。
④deserve vt.应受，值得（宾语可用名词，动词或动词不定式）He certainly deserves praise.
他的确应受表扬。
Our band deserves ranking w ith the best in this country.
我们的乐队在国内当之无愧属于一流。He deserves to be sent to prison. 他应该被送去坐牢。
由deserve 变成的形容词deserving 后边用介词of。
The robber is deserving of capital punishment.
这个强盗应处极刑。
The old man w as really deserving of pity.
那个老人家实在值得可怜。
⑤status n.1、情形，状况；2、地位，身份
We should be alw ays aw are of the status of w orld affairs.
我们应该时刻关注世界形势。
None will question his status as a scholar.
没有人会怀疑他的学者身份。
We should raise the status of women in society.
UNIT 4-2
我们应该提高妇女的社会地位。
⑥bring over
1、把。。。带来；
2、使转变
Next summer he hopes to bring his family over from the united states.
他希望明年夏天把家属从美国带来。
My father is alw ays trying to bring me over to his way of thinking.
我的父亲总想使我接受他的思想方法。
二、重点句型
1、据估计，有20000 多海外来的家庭佣人在英国工作。P1
There are estimated to be more than 20,000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain. There be 表" 存在" 的句型。
2、在这20000 人中，将近2000 人正受着她们的雇主的剥削和虐待。P1
Of these 20,000, just under 2000 are being exploited and abused by their employers.
3、在今年早些时候的几个广为报道的事例中，全世界女佣的悲惨处境得到新闻媒体的很大关注。P3
The sad condition of women w orking as domestics around the w orld received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases.
4、一名菲律宾女佣因被指控犯有谋杀罪而在新加坡遭处决，尽管各地都抗议说她的犯罪事实不能充分确定。P3
A Filipino maid w as executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder, despite protests form various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established.
5、她曾在斯里兰卡一家茶厂挣一份十分微薄的工资。P5
She used to w ork for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka.
6、因为她发现很难养活自己的4 个孩子，所以接受了一件在伦敦当佣人的工作。P5
Because she found it difficult to feed her four children, she accepted a job working as
a domestic in London.
7、因此如果她们提出申诉，她们就有被驱逐出境的危险。
So if they do complain, they risk being deported.
三、习题
1.单词英译汉domestic，statistic，diplomat ，exploit ，campaign，execute，convict，despite，deserving，shelf，minimum ，status，deport，
2.句子英译汉
（1）There are estimated to be more than 20,000 overseas domestic servants working in
Britain.
（2）Of these 20,000 , just under 2,000 are being exploited and abused by their employers.
（3）The sad condition of w omen w orking as domestics around the w orld received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases.
（4）A Filipino maid w as executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder, despite protests form various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established.
（5）She used to w ork for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka.
（6）Because she found it difficult to feed her four children, she accepted a job working as a domestic in London.
（7）So if they do complain , they risk being deported.
（8）This included increasing the minimum age of employees to 18, getting employees
to read and understand an advice leaflet, getting employers to agree to provide adequate maintenance and
conditions, and to put in writing the main terms and conditions of the job (of which the employees should see a copy).
（9）For the main problem facing overseas maids and domestics who try to complain about
cruel living and w orking conditions is that they do not have independent immigrant status and so cannot change employer.
UNIT 4-3
（10）It is, they say, the right to change employers w hich distinguishes employment from slavery.
3.句子汉译英
（1）处理有关事务的政府部门没有做统计。
The government department that deals with relevant affairs does not keep statistics.
（2）正因为她无法养家才同意做家仆。
It w as because she found it difficult to feed her family that she accepted a job w orking as a domestic.
（3）她是一名沙特外交官直接从菲律宾雇到伦敦来工作的。
She w as hired by a Saudi diplomat directly from the Philippines to w ork in London .
（4）家仆的工作状况得到了新闻媒介的关注。
The conditions of w orking as domestics have received media attention .
（5）雇主们总是威胁要把我们遣送回国。
The employers alw ays threatened to send us back to our countries.
四、历年试题
1. When they get out of prison, they _ _(increase) the level of their criminal beh avior.
答案：will increase . 考点：时间状语从句中主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。从句谓语动词是get 一般现在时，所以从句用will increase 。
2.At the end of 1994 the British Government introduced new measure to help __domes tic workers from abuse by their employers.
A. protect
B. suspect
C. expect
D. inspect
答案是：A . 考点是：protect … from 保护… 免受…
3. __ _ _their differences, they fell passionately in love with each other. A. As for B. Owing to C. Despite D. Through
答案：C . 考点：despite 表示让步的关系。本句的意思是：尽管他们之间有分歧，但他们彼此深爱对方。
Translation
1. 许多家庭佣人受到雇主的剥削和虐待。
答：Many domestic servants are exploited and abused by their employers.
2. 自去年以来，女佣们的悲惨境况已受到媒体密切关注。
答：The bad condition of the woman servants has received much media attention since last year.
3. 他经常威胁我，说要将我遣送回国。
答：He always threatened that he would send me back to my country.
4. 她曾在一家茶叶厂工作，工资很低。
答：She used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory.
5. 据估计有两万多名外国家佣在英国工作。
答：It is estimated that there are more than 20,000 overseas domestic servants wor king in Britain.
UNIT 5-1
一、word study
transformation,originate,penetrating,take over,take on
①transformation n.1、变化，转化；2、改造，改革
His brain operation caused a great transformation in his character.
脑手术大大改变了他的性格。
The transformation of a backward country into an advanced country requires the painstaking efforts of several generations.
将一个落后的国家改变为发达国家需要几代人的艰苦努力。
The social and political transformation of a country is essential to the development of the society.
一个国家的社会和政治改革对社会的发展非常重要。
②originate vi./vt.发源；发生，发起
All theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice.
所有的理论都来源于实践，并反过来为实践服务。The use of steam originated many other reforms. 蒸汽的使用引起了许多其它的革新。
③penetrating
a.1、穿透的，贯穿的；2、深刻的，透彻的They w alked against the penetrating w ind. 他们迎着刺骨的寒风行走。
Her penetrating voice frightened the little boy.
她刺耳的嗓子把小男孩吓坏了。
Swift‘s w orks were most penetrating and pow erful.
斯威夫特的作品极为深刻有力。
④take over
1、接管，接任；
2、把。。。从一处运到另一处
The young doctor has taken over duties of the old.
年轻医生已接替了老医生的工作。
When Mr.Green retired, his son took over the business from him.
格林先生退休后，由他儿子接管他的生意。
Mr.Brow n took me over to the island in his steamboat.
布朗先生用他的汽艇把我送到该岛。
⑤take on
1、具有，担任（工作等）；
2、雇佣
The disease took on some special characteristics.
那种疾病具有一些特殊的特征。
He has taken on a new job.
他已承担了一项新工作。
The employer takes on twenty more w orkers.
那位雇主又雇佣了20 名工人。
二、重点句型
1、新音乐是从已有的音乐中产生的。P1
The new music w as built out of materials already in existence.
2、民间音乐，既有古老又有现代的，在大学生中颇为流行。P1
Folk music, old and modern, w as popular among college students.
3、他们自由地吸收爵士乐、美国乡村音乐的成分。P2
They freely took over elements from jazz, from American country music.
UNIT 5-2
4、在家里欣赏唱片的时候，听众尽力模仿照明效果。P4
With records at home, listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could.
三、习题
（一）单词、词组英译汉
musician rhythmic distinct consciousness originate readily instrument electronic thereby passive participant
1.The new music w as built out of materials already in existence.
2.Folk music, old and modern, w as popular among college students.
3.They freely took over elements form jazz, from American country music.
4.With records at home, listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could.
5.In a sense, men of this kind begin not so much w ith a musical theme as w ith a completed composition.
6.Most composers since Beethoven's day belong to this second type.
7.Men like Palestrina and Bach belong in this category.
（三）汉译英这一章是关于热能转化成动力的。
The chapter is about the transformation of heat into pow er.
一群人自发地聚集在事故现场。
A group of people got together spontaneously at the scene of the accident.
这次争吵是由误会引起的。
The quarrel originated from a misunderstanding.
1949 年后，军队接管了这个城市。
The army took over this city after 1949.
为了你的健康，你不应该承担太繁重的工作。
For your health,you should avoid taking on too much work.
四、历年试题
1. In the process of composition , it isn‘t easy to be inspired in a spontaneous w ay for long periods_ _ a stretch..
A. at
B. for
C. over
D. in
答案是a 。考点：词组at a stretch 一口气，连续不断的
2.汉译英新音乐是由业已存在的材料构建出来的。
答案：The new music was built out of material already in existence.
3. 汉译英：那时在大学生中流行的正是民间音乐。
答案：It was folk music that was popular among college students at that time.
4. 汉译英：不用说我们现在已不是生活在传统社会。
答案：It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditional society.
1. 新音乐起源于布鲁斯、摇滚乐和民间音乐。
答：The new music originated from blues, rock and roll and folk music.
2. 民间音乐表现和平、友谊和希望。
答：Folk music expresses peace, friendship and hope.
3. 他们已不再是被动的听众而是积极的参与者。
答：Instead of passive audience, they have become active participants.
4. 他们自由地从不同的音乐来源中吸取元素。
答：They freely took over elements form diverse music sources.
5. 新音乐采取多种形式，几乎具有无限的表现力。
答：The new music may take on various forms and be capable of expressing an almost limitless range.
UNIT 6-1
一、word study
spray,cast,expose,switch,critical
①spray n.1、水花，浪花；2、喷雾，喷雾状物The spray of the waterfall is very beautiful. 瀑布的水花飞溅，非常漂亮。
A spray of bullets hit the tree behind which he w as hiding. 一阵喷射的子弹打中了他藏身其后的那棵树。vt.喷，向。。。喷射，喷涂
Fruit trees are sprayed regularly.
果树应定期喷上杀虫剂。
The students sprayed questions at the teacher.
学生们连珠炮似的向老师提出一个又一个问题。
②cast vt.1、投，扔，抛，掷（at）；2、投射（光，影，视线等）（on,at）；3、浇铸，铸造The boy cast a stone at the dog.
那个男孩向那条狗扔了块石头。
His w ords cast a new light on the problem.
2005年10月自考英语（二）试卷 第一部分选择题（共50分） I. V ocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1. Six out of every ten prisoners in chains are black, which is ________ the chain gangs call up images of slavery in centuries gone by. A、where B、when C、what D、why 2. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable, ________ there is no “absolute” time and space. A、so that B、even if C、in case D、in order 3. The next generation of robots will have a sense of _______. A、feel B、touch C、contact D、grasp 4. Scientists believe that you usually ________ to one idea at a time. A、attend B、tend C、pretend D、extend 5. From a systems point of ________, problems have multiple causes. A、sight B、idea C、perspective D、view 6. In a sense, men of this kind begin not so much with a musical theme ______ with a completed composition. A、but B、than C、as D、that 7. To these now familiar facts a number of further facts may be ______, some of them only recently recognized. A、shown B、proposed C、derived D、added 8. He argues that euthanasia doesn’t take into ______ that there are ways of caring for the dying. A、opinion B、thought C、mind D、account 9. Two-thirds of the nation’s voters still iden tify themselves ______ Democrats of Republicans. A、for B、as C、by D、over 10. You must push away the many temptations that are always present ______ your schedule is useless. A、and B、but C、or D、for II. Close Test (10 points, 1 points for each item) 下列短文中有十个空格，每个空格有四个选项。根据上下文要求先出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 At the moment some 170,000 young people throughout Britain are suffering what is potentially the most tense and anxious time of their lives. That is the number of students currently ___11__ to sit for their A-levels Examinations which __12__ whether a student proceeds smoothly on to the next rung (梯级) of the academic ladder or __13__ six years of work at secondary-school will be spent in the bitter disappointment of failure. __14__ the me dical “stress-charts” examinations rank __15__ behind a death in the family, a divorce or even the loss of a job; __16__ the symptoms of anxiety are all the most weakening because __17__ before the event rather than after it, and may in themselves be enough to bring __18__ the student’s worst fears-failing. The most crucial point __19__ pre-examination stress is that it is something the student catches from other people. He or she is not, after all, the only person with an interest __20__ the examination result. 11. A、are preparing B、prepare C、preparing D、to prepare
重点单词扩充讲解： 1. organizational: a 组织上的 由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织；organization: n 组织；organizer: n 组织者 请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空： 1). Last week, our school __organized_____ a spring outing. 2). The task calls for the highest _organizational_ skill. 3). China has joined World Trade _organization_________. 4). He is the ____organizer______ of the speech contest. Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer 2. objective: n 目标； a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的 3. predict: v 预言、预示； 由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言；predictable: a 可预测的；predictor: n 预言家 4. simplify: v 简化 由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的；simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地；simplification: n 简化；simplified: a 被简
Exercises for the above words: 1). The machine is simple_____ in operation but complex in structure. 2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while __simplified__ edition is quite easy. 3). There is no point in arguing about it, becau se it is __simply_____ a question of procedure. 4). The _simplification_____ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor. Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification 5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…，tend to do sth e.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter. Or old people tend to get fatter. 6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的； 由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营；management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者；manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。 7. argue: v 争辩、争论，常用固定搭配：argu with sb about/over sth由于某事而同某人争论；argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事；argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不
2015年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二) 试卷 (课程代码 00015) 本试卷共8页，满分l00分，考试时间l50分钟。 考生答题注意事项： 1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。2．第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。3．第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。4．合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。 选择题区 第一部分：阅读判断(第1～l0题，每题l分，共10分) 下面的短文后列出了l0个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该旬提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择8；如果该旬的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Black Friday Everyone likes to shop for gifts for the holiday season, but few people know the history of holiday shopping. While people have heard of Black Friday; most do not know its origins. Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving (感恩节).On this day most retail stores open their doors very early一some as early as 4 am. In addition, they provide their customers with great discounts on products. With this in mind, it is clear to see why so many shoppers buy many of their Christmas gifts on Black Friday. Black Friday is not as ok! as many people think. In fact, it is believed that the first Black. Friday was held in the 1970s in the USA. It was a day when stores decided to mark the start of the holiday season In order to draw more customers, they offered great discounts. All products sold very well. This large success resulted in the name Black Friday, it was so named because the stores were "in the black". This financial term means the stoics made a lot of money. However, it was not until around 2002 that Black Friday really started to gain in popularity. Today in the USA, countless advertisers proudly announce their Black Friday sales. They hope to attract shoppers into their stores. Black Friday is a day when many shoppers in the USA go out and buy gifts, even though Christmas Eve is still a more popular day to shop. Thanks to the Internet, it is now possible to get some excellent Black Friday deals online. So if you don't want to get to the stores by 4 am, this is the perfect way to still get items at reduced prices. 1. Many people know the history of Black Friday. ? A. True B. False C. Not Given
自考“英语（二）”复习资料 第一单元 1.常考单词： goal，objective，accomplish，predict，accompany，implement，tendency，achievement，argue，budget，define，entity 2. 常考词组： in the way，in part，point of view，contribute to，to apply for，in hand，to turn down 3. 常考句子： 1）A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. 2）Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance. 3）If there is no choice，there is no decision to be made. 4）For managers every decision has constraints based on politics，procedures，laws，precedents and the like. 5）For example，managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion. 6）Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best - that is，which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals. 7）In the larger scheme of things，however，increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization. 8）Some of these objectives are more important than others，but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department. 第二单元 1.常考单词： escape，explode，collapse，shrink，gravity，measurement，basis，launch，convincing，companion，speculation，swallow，operate，to make use of，a great many，above all 2. 常考句子： 1）Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape. 2）The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point. 3）Some people think that the Start of Bethlehem could have been a supernova. 4）If a man fell into a black hole，he would think that he reached the center of it very quickly. 5）It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. 6）On the other hand，scientists have suggested that every advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind. 第三单元 1.常考单词： weaken deteriorate debate legal request criterion ensure oppose tradition consideration disabled burden vulnerable prohibition sensitive 2. 常考词组： to debate on to make request for be opposed to to take … into account 3. 常考句子： 1）Affected with a serious disease，van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating. 2）Van Wendel's last three months of life before being given a final，lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. 3）The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown，it starts a nationwide debate on the subject. 4）What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven't the right. 第四单元 1.常考单词： demestic statistics diplomat exploit campaign execute convict despite de serving shelf minimum status deport 2. 常考句子： 1）There are estimated to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain. 2）Of these 20，000，just under 2，000 are being exploited and abused by their employers. 3）The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases. 4）A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder，despite protests form various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established. 5）She used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka. 6）Because she found it difficult to feed her four children，she accepted a job working as a domestic in London. 7）So if they do complain，they risk being deported. 第五单元 1.常考单词： Musician，rhythmic，distinct， consciousness，originate，readily， instrument，electronic，thereby， passive，participant 2. 常考词组： to take place to take over to take on in a sense at a stretch to serve as in advance for the sake of 3. 常考句子： 1）The new music was built out of materials already in existence. 2）Folk music，old and modern， was popular among college students. 3）They freely took over elements form jazz，from American country music. 4）With records at home， listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could. 第六单元 1.常考单词： efficiency increasingly inst all personnel expose reduc tion completion specific s witch critical intensity s cale defective 2. 常考词组： in that in question plenty of 3. 常考句子： 1）Most of today's robots are employed in the automotive industry，where they are programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting automobile and truck bodies. 2）Robots，already taking over human tasks in the automotive field are beginning to be seen，although
2019 年 10 月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语 (二）试卷 （课程代码： 00015） 本试卷共 8 页，满分 100 分，考试时间 150 分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1? 10 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分） 下面的短文后列出了10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果 该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁 ) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might
? UNIT 1 ? 重点单词和短语 ? objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilled argue define ? interview prospect ? course of action in the way(by the way, in no way, in a way) make a guess at contribute to and the like (and so on) ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? apply for (to) ? have no idea bring about take the trouble to do ? put oneself in one’s place ? to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down (up, on, off, out, over, back) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1.A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. ? 解析：courses of action意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made是过去 分词；from among 为二重介词 ? 例：We’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____. (06-4) ? A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available (D) ? 2. … some suggest that the management process is decision making. ? 解析：suggest表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表
Unit 11 Cyber World I. New words and expressions New words 1. chatline n. （消遣性的）热线电话交谈服务 2. variety n. （同一事物的）不同种类，多种式样 vary vary from…to… 比较：range / shift from…to… various 3. romance n. 恋爱；爱情 romantic 4. bizarre adj. 极其怪诞的；异乎寻常的 5. potential adj. 潜在的；可能的 6. script n. 剧本；广播（或讲话等）稿 7. intimacy n . 亲密；关系密切 intimate 8. initial adj. 最初的；开始的 9. perceive v. 将…视为；认为 10. avalanche n. 雪崩；山崩 11. literary adj. 文学的；文学上的 literature literal literary
literate liberal 12. verse n. 诗；韵文 13. animated adj. 栩栩如生的；（似）能活动的 14. inclination n. 倾向；意愿 incline inclined 15. sweaty adj. 满是汗的；汗津津的 16. palm n. 手掌；手心 17. vary v. 相异；不同 18. convey v. 表达，传递（思想、感情等） 19. polish v. 修改；润饰；润色 20. intellect n. （尤稻高等的）智力，思维逻辑领悟力 21. personality n. 性格；个性；人格 22. sequence n. 顺序；次序 23. reverse v. 颠倒；彻底转变；使完全相反 24. veil v. 掩饰；掩盖 unveil 揭露，揭开 25. intellectual adj. 智力的；脑力的；理智的 26. familiarity n. 熟悉；通晓 familiar familiarize
一、名词和短语的英汉互译： 1.Quota―配额、定量 maintenance―维持、保持 tariff barriers―关税壁垒 invalid contract―无效合同 monopolistic competition―垄断性竞争 depreciation=devaluation―贬值 inventory―存货清单 cost effectiveness―成本效益 direct/indirect tax―直接/间接税 the req uired reserve―法定最低储备金 economics of scale―规模经济 packaging material―包装材料 inferior product―残次品 manufactured goods―产成品 survey report―调查报告 consumer goods―消费品 export/import quota―出口/进口配额 claim―索赔 technical expertise－技术知识 compensation trade－补偿贸易 raw material－原材料 traffic jam－交通阻塞
subsidiary company－分公司 multilateral trade－多边贸易 service trade－服务贸易 trade gap－贸易差额 assembly line－生产线 planned/market economy－计划/市场经济Universal Product Code－产品统一条形码visible/invisible trade－有形/无形贸易insurance policy－保险单 excess reserves－额外储备金 free port－自由港 public interest－公共利益 comparative advantage－比较优势 trail order－试订单 foreign-trade zones－外贸保税区 sole agent－独家代理 registered trade mark－注册商标geographic area－地理位置standardized container－标准集装箱delivery rate－运费 target market－目标市场 fraud－欺诈 annal revence/annual gain－年收入
? UNIT 1 ? 重点单词和短语 ? objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilled argue define ? interview prospect ? course of action in the way(by the way, in no way, in a way) make a guess at contribute to and the like (and so on) ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ! ? apply for (to) ? have no idea bring about take the trouble to do ? put oneself in one’s place ? to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down (up, on, off, out, over, back) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. ? 解析：courses of action 意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made 是过去分词；from among — 为二重介词 ? 例：We ’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____. (06-4) ? A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available (D) ? 2. … some suggest that the management process is decision making. ? 解析：suggest 表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表示建议意思， 后面用虚拟语气。 ? 例：It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held (hold)at some other time. 、 ? 3. … decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them. ? 解析：as well as 意思是既…又… ? 4. In fact, I did have several questions, but you have already answered them all. ? 解析：助动词do 在肯定句中用在动词之前表示强调，意思是确实。 ? 5. … but do not let it worry you too much. ? 解析：动词let, make, have, hear, see, observe 等词之后的宾语补足语为省略to 的 不定式结构。 ? 6. There is little likelihood that … ！ ? 对比：There is a/ every/no likelihood that/of ? 例：The two sisters are ___ in many ways, not only in appearance but also in temperament.(06-4) ? A. like B. likely C. alike D. lively (C) ? ? UNIT2 ? 重点单词和短语 : ? exert collapse shrink basis launch convince operate revolve glitter unlikely (be likely to) whereas concerned (be concerned about) plateau ? in theory apply to depend on research into swallow up make use of together with in every respect in other words consist of a great many under the circumstances make a difference above all as a rule ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? 例：I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ___ kind. (06-4) — ? A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all (A) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable… ? 例：爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时间和空间。 (05-4-68) ? 2. It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. ? 例1：It is on Friday ___ we will hold the meeting. . ? A. that B. when C. in that time D. what (A) ? 例2: As a painter, Ted was very ___ about the colors he used. (03-10) ? A. specific B. special C. peculiar D. particular (D) ? 3. The earth is one of mine planets which move in orbit round the sun. ? 对比：The earth is the only one of the nine planets which has life on it. ? 4. The total water area is about three times as large as the land area. ? 解析：数词+times + as +形容词+as 是表示倍数的表达法。 ? 例：It is important to note that a reading of 4 indicates an earthquake ten times as strong -
英语二内容串讲 阅读三重境界 ＊彻底糊涂：细节 ＊彻底明白：细节+主旨 ＊似懂非懂：翻译 阅读四项能力 词能、句能、篇能、考能 词能第一 一、五个猜词绝招 1.利用上下文确定词义 例1：He is successful as a businessman because of his dynamic personality. He seems to have unlimited energy. 例2：Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society. 例3：A first year college or university student is commonly a 'freshman', and 'sophomore', 'junior' and 'senior' designate the second—third—and fourth—year student. 例4：The tired soldiers trudged through knee deep mud for hours before they found a dry place to sleep. 2.利用构词法确定词义 例1：Many cancers have been arrested with the use of chemotherapy. 例2：They overestimate the interviewee's ability and asked too many difficult questions. 例3：The murderer had developed a poison which could not be tasted or smelled when mixed with food. Because it was imperceptible, he was able to murder a number of people without being caught. 3.利用语法知识确定词义 例1：For their fishing and hunting the men used a kayak, a small boat for one person. 例2：A solar eclipse—when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun—in an unusual and interesting phenomenon that occurs rarely. 例3：Ventilation, as we know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering. 例4：The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to a patient's heartbeat and breathing. 4.根据同义、反义关系确定词义 表示反义的信号词：in contrast, on the other hand, rather than, however, yet, although, while, unlike, but, whereas, as opposed to…… 例1：My sister Mane is an optimist, while her boyfriend is one who is always gloomy and expects the worst to happen. 例2：Sally liked to concoct all sorts of stories, but her mother always knew when she was lying. 例3：A gorilla always makes me think of the word aloof—not friendly, of distance from others. 5. 利用逻辑推理和常识确定词义 例1：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to swim. Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales, but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen. 例2：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten, I gingerly lifted her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater. 二、词的构成：常见的前缀和后缀