It would therefore not be too great an exaggeration to
It would therefore not be too great an exaggeration to say that practitioners of the fine arts work to overcome the limitations of their materials, whereas those engaged in the applied arts work in concert with their materials.
disguise their affinities with
Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke and blowhole cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.
at an alarming(steady) pace
The deserts, which already occupy approximately a fourth of the Earth's land surface, have in recent decades been increasing at an alarming pace.
in the case of 在……的情况下
But the movies differed significantly from these other forms of entertainment, which depended on either live performance or (in the case of the slide-and-lantern shows) the active involvement of a master of ceremonies who assembled the final program.
assert that 断言by the ways in which by choice 处于选择
Cognitive psychologists assert that our behavior is influenced by our values, by the ways in which we interpret our situations and by choice.
obedience to 顺从rise through the ranks to 从卑微发迹
Few workers rose through the ranks to supervisory positions, and even fewer could achieve the artisan's dream of setting up one's own business.
grow out of由…产生；因长大而丢弃；长得太高大
Because architecture grows out of human needs and aspirations, it clearly communicates cultural values.
it is estimated that据估计
It is estimated that at current withdrawal rates, much of the aquifer will run dry within 40 years.
is of+抽象n fill the niche vacated by 填补……造成的空白
Even if the new population is of a different species, it can approximately fill the niche vacated by the extinct population and keep the food web intact.
Bode ill/well for 预示着
Reduction in numbers of game should have boded ill for their survival in later times. explicitly reveal明确地揭示by the results of conduct research
The particular symbolic significance of the cave paintings in southwestern France is more explicitly revealed, perhaps, by the results of a study conducted by researchers Patricia Rice and Ann Paterson.
die out灭绝pump from
Gas pressure gradually dies out, and oil is pumped from the well.
was peopled by居住着
Later Heyerdahl suggested that the Pacific was peopled by three migrations: by Native Americans from the Pacific Northwest of North America drifting to Hawaii, by Peruvians drifting to Easter Island, and by Melanesians.
Favor v. 支持under conditions that在…情况（条件）下
Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mud slides rapidly buried thousands of marine animals under conditions that favored fossilization.
lay close at hand唾手可得
These problems needed still another solution, and the ingredients for it lay close at hand
be at its height达最高点，在最旺盛时，正起劲
This was before the steam locomotive, and canal building was at its height.
penetrated into透入at roughly the same time that几乎同一时间
Knowledge of iron making penetrated into the forest and savannahs of West Africa at roughly the same time that iron making was reaching Europe.
It seems likely that 似乎很有可能competitive edge over竞争优势
It seems likely that Teotihuacán’s natural resources, along with the city elite’s ability to recognize their potential, gave the city a competitive edge over its neighbors.
at the mercy of受……支配
These animals are at the mercy of the climate to maintain a livable body temperature. appear to似乎，好像as opposed to截然相反
There appear to be many unexplored matters about the motivation to reflect – for example, the value of externally motivated reflection as opposed to that of teachers who might reflect by habit.
nonetheless adv. 尽管如此，但是broadly adv. 明显地significantly 重大的
While these records provide broadly consistent indications that temperature variations can occur on a global scale, there are nonetheless some intriguing differences, which suggest that the pattern of temperature variations in regional climates can also differ significantly from each other.
with respect to关于；至于served as担当，起…作用
However, its position with respect to the surroundings could be changed by revolving either the inner cage containing the birds or the outer walls, which served as the background.
Given that只要是，考虑到；假定，已知derive from源出，来自，得自；衍生于Given that predators can make it costly to beg for food, what benefit do begging nestlings derive from their communications?
identical to同一的，一样的right-oriented左手的
At seven sites he found that 57 percent of the flakes were right-oriented, and 43 percent left, a pattern almost identical to that produced today.
considerably greater相当大revitalized research into使……复活、恢复
With financial assets considerably greater than those in the motion picture industry, and perhaps a wider vision of the relationships among entertainment and communications media, they revitalized research into recording sound for motion pictures.
there was renewed pride in重拾自豪
And there was renewed pride in the literature and art forms of individual countries. deprived of被剥夺exactly准确地
Like almost all daily cycles of animals deprived of environmental cues, those measured for the horseshoe crabs in these conditions were not exactly 24 hours.
At that point 在这时
At that point a new stimulus is presented, and any recovery (dishabituation) in responsiveness is recorded.
General concern关注点is centered on集中于
General concern about misleading tactics that advertisers employ is centered on the use of
exaggeration.
proves to证明Properly speaking确切的说
This view is inaccurate, and the reason proves to be important. Properly speaking, tropical rainforests grow in high-rainfall equatorial areas that remain wet or humid all year round. Bring about引起the evolution of进化，演变
Biological hypotheses include ecological changes brought about by the evolution of cooperation between insects and flowering plants or of bottom-feeding(吃水底沉淀的) predators in the oceans.
Nor+倒装favoring instead支持了（另一个）make all the difference非常重要Nor have merchants and artisans ever had much tolerance for aristocratic professions of moral superiority, favoring instead an egalitarian ethic of the open market, where steady hard work, the loyalty of one's fellows, and entrepreneurial skill make all the difference.
托福阅读解题技巧-句子插入题（一） 托福阅读不同于传统阅读，其中包含了”句子插入题”这类特殊题型，这也是托福阅读中相对难得分的题型。此类题型中，题干中会给出一个新的句子，然后会在原文段落中给出四个黑框，考察新句子在文章中最合适的位置。针对于此类题型的解答，有很多实用的方法，今天我们要介绍的是在剩余时间不多的情况下，最简单最便捷的解决方法-语义指代匹配法。 在上下句的关联中，代词是最为紧密的一类词。当作者再次谈及上句相关话题时，为了避免重复，遵循语言学的最简单化原理，作者会用代词指代上文内容，常见指示代词this, that, these, those, 人称代词they, she, he, 或it ，还有their, such, another等。对于此类题型的具体解题步骤如下： ①确认指代对象：根据指代词找到其所指代的对象； ②定位指代对象：通过浏览扫描段落信息，确定指代对象位置； ③代入验证：把插入句代入含有指代对象所在句的后面进行验证即可。 接下来，我们通过具体实例来论证使用语义指代匹配法。 案例： Paragraph 1: Before 1815 manufacturing in the United States had been done in homes or shops by skilled artisans.■As master craft workers, they imparted the knowledge of their trades to apprentices and journeymen. ■In addition, women often worked in their homes part-time, making finished articles from raw material supplied by merchant capitalists. ■After 1815 this older form of manufacturing began to give way to factories with machinery tended by unskilled or semiskilled laborers. ■Cheap transportation networks, the rise of cities, and the availability of capital and credit all stimulated the shift to factory production. 11. Look at the four squares[■]that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage. This new form of manufacturing depended on the movement of goods to distant locations and a centralized source of laborers.
托福阅读题型解析之这三类错题原 本可以避免 托福阅读题型解析, 这三类错题原本可以避免,今天给大家带来了托福阅读题型解析，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 托福阅读题型解析这三类错题原本可以避免 托福阅读题型解析一简化题 形成原因： 这种题型可能大家最常见的解决方法就是根据翻译来解题，但是你的翻译正确吗?这就是这种题型错误的主要原因了。 分析及解决方法： 这种题型的正确解题方法应该是利用对句子的理解来解题，而不是靠翻译，再说你的翻译也不一定是正确的。这类题型容易出错的主要原因在于考生往往先对原句进行翻译，然后从选项中找出和原句翻译类似的答案。这样的解题方式的弊端在于浪费时间，而且往往选项翻译都和原句出入不大，在选择时常常出错。
句子简化题的正确做法是利用逻辑解题。使用这种方式不容易出错，因为这种解题方法是从题型考察目的得来的。步骤是：首先看到句子之后的第一个反应是找句子内部的逻辑关系。常见的逻辑关系有两种转折或者因果。举例来说，若原句有转折的逻辑关系，第一步需要做的事情是排掉选项中逻辑关系不对的即不是表示转折的，若选项中还有两个以上逻辑关系都相符合，那么采用的原则是逻辑成分的对应。托福阅读*技巧：这是第一步有逻辑关系的时候采用的方法;如果原句中没有明显的逻辑关系需要采用第二步--提取原句中的主干信息，排掉选项中主干信息不符的选项。 托福阅读题型解析二词汇题 形成原因： 这是托福阅读考试当是出场率较高的一类题型，这种题型的易错原因主要是因为词汇量不足、忽略词汇语境的作用导致的。 分析及解决方法： 对于托福阅读考试当中出现频率较高的题型——词汇题，大部分原因是因为考生的词汇的不足，造成词汇不熟悉或者被选项词给难住了。考生需要知道的是，托福阅读考试词汇题一般考察的是英语六级以上的词汇水平，要想这类题型不出错，那么你的词汇基础就一定要打好。
整理介绍托福阅读中的介词短语 托福阅读介词短语汇总，下面从两方面进行了介绍。 一、带-ing词尾的介词 barring：except，not including除...外 concerning：about，regarding论及，关于 excepting=except failing：in default of因缺少....;在缺少...时 following：after in time;as a sequel to在...以后 including：if we include如果包括我;......包括在内 pending：during/until在.....期间/直到.....为止 regarding：about，concerning，in respect of 二、成语介词 according tas stated by/ in proportion根据...../依照....... ahead of：further forward in space or time sb/sth; ealier
tan sb/sth; further advanced than sb/sth along with：in addition to;together with另外，加之，还有 apart from：exceping，not considering; in addition to除....外/且莫说;除...之外尚有 as for：with regard to至于 as from：on and after(a specified time)从一特定时间开始as of=as from as regards：about，concerning至于，就...而论 as twith regard to关于，至于 because of：on account of，by reason but for：without the help or hindrane etc.of假如没有....(帮助或障碍等);要不是 by means of凭借.....的方法 due tbecause of由于 except for：not including，other than除了
托福培训丨托福阅读句子插入题解题要点 朗阁托福培训中心孙亚楠 句子插入题是托福阅读中的一道必考题型，题量不多，每篇文章中出现一道。句子插入题是给出一句话让我们来判断这句话应该加入1-2个段落中的四个黑方块的哪个部分，用鼠标点击所选的黑色方块即可。做这类题目的关键首先是理解待插入的句子，寻找其中的衔接词，分析这个句子的特点和其在文中的作用，然后把这个句子带入原文中检验其是否合适。下面朗阁托福培训中心的专家将就句子插入题的解题步骤做出详细的说明。 解题步骤与解题要点 阅读并分析待插入的句子，找出其中的线索词； 从第一个小黑方块前一句开始读，逐一代入进行验证； 插入句必须满足前后两条线索，先前再后。（先用前线索再看后线索） 从此步骤中可以看出掌握线索词是解答此题的关键，那么线索词都有哪些？主要有两大类，指代线索和逻辑线索。 1. 指代线索 (1). 指代词(they, it, them)必然有所指代；指代词(this, these, their, other, another, such)后面若有名词短语，则向前寻找此名词短语或其同义改写。 例题1: Paragraph 4: Regularly flowing rivers and streams that originate within arid lands are known as "endogenous." These are generally fed by groundwater springs, and many issue from limestone massifs, such as the Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Basaltic rocks also support springs, notably at the Jabal Al-Arab on the Jordan-Syria border. ■Endogenous rivers often do not reach the sea but drain into inland basins, where the water evaporates or is lost in the ground.
【必背】常考的雅思词汇和短语 分类：个人日志阅读:(1176) 转载评论举报 60条通用优点: 1 offer a ｓｅｎsｅ of ｊｏb ｓａtisfａction and securiｔy 带来工作的满意感和安全感 ２lay a soｌid prｏfessｉoｎaｌ workｉｎg ｅxperience 积累扎实的工作经验 3 ｒeduce/cuｔ down ｅxpeｎｄitｕｒｅ削减支出 4iｎcrease/ｇｅnerate job opｐｏrtunities 创造就业机会 ５meｅt/saｔｉsfy pｅｒsｏnａliｚeｄｎeeds 满足人性化的需求 ６promｏｔe talｅnｔｉntrodｕｃｔｉon aｎd eｘchａｎｇe 促进人才的引进与交流 7keep ｓkiｌlｓ fresh ａnd up－to-daｔe 保证技术的不落伍 8beｔｔer／pｒomote/ｅｎhance/fuｒtｈer human resoｕrce dｅvelo ｐmeｎt 完善人力资源的发展 ９lay a soｌid ｆoｕndatiｏn ｆoｒ奠定坚实的基础 1０ pave the ｗay ｆor ｔhe fuｔｕｒe/dｅvelopmeｎt 为未来铺平了道路 11fｏster ａ senｓe of coｍpｅｔitｉon anｄｃooperaｔion 培养合作感与竞争感 12cｕltivate the spiｒiｔ of team wｏｒking 培养团队合作精神 1３ｍａster inｔerpersonal ｓｋills 掌握人及关系技巧 14wiｄen one’ｓ knowledge 拓宽知识面 15ｅnｒicｈone’ｓｓｏｃｉal aｎd ｌife experienｃe 丰富社会与人生经历 16ｅnlａrｇｅone’s view/broaｄeｎone’s horｉzon 拓宽视野
托福阅读句子简化题真题分析 在学会确定句子简化题（简称“句简题”）的核心信息后，我们来做一道来做好人力资源，企业无忧 自TPO 31的句简题。题目如下： Graves drew two conclusions from these observations. First, at least some of the observed differences between the enzymes of the Atlantic and Pacific fish populations were not random but were the result of evolutionary adaptation. Second, it appears that closely related populations of fishes on both sides of the isthmus are starting to genetically diverge from each other. Because Graves’s study of geographically isolated populations of isthmus fishes offers a glimpse of the beginning of a process of gradual accumulation of mutations that are neutral or adaptive, divergences here might be evidence of allopatric speciation in process. Q12 Which of the sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A.Graves’s study provides evidence that isthmus fishes are in the process of becoming geographically isolated. B.Graves’s study of mutating isthmus fishes yields results that differ from results of other studies involving allopatric speciation. C.Graves’s study of isolated populations of isthmus fishes provides some evidence that allopatric speciation might be beginning. D.Graves’s study indicates that when isolated, populations of isthmus fishes register neutral or adaptive mutations. 1. 首先确定句子核心信息 Because Graves’s study of geographically isolated populations of isthmus fishes offers a glimpse of the beginning of a process of gradual accumulation of mutations that are neutral or adaptive, 【divergences here might be evidence of allopatric speciation in process.】 词汇： A glimpse of 看见，瞥见 Mutation 突变，变种 Divergence 变化，变异 Allopatric speciation 异地物种形成 2. 理解大意 该句是由because引导的原因状语从句和方括号内的主句组成的嵌套句，从句的主谓宾已用绿色字体标出，大意为：因为G的研究让人们看到了突变的逐渐 1
托福阅读核心词组汇总（1） 托福阅读考试离不开词汇的考核，下面小编整理了托福阅读考试的核心词汇，希望能帮助大家备考。 1. a couple of 两三个，几个 Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later. 2. account for 解释 Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account for the differences in texture and appearance. 3. adapt to 使适应于 They have been able to adapt to ecological changes. 4, adorn with sth 用…装饰 Some pots were adorned with incised or stamped decorations. 5.appeal to 吸引 Publishing literature consisting of exciting stories that would appeal to both children and adults 6.apply to 适用于 Ethological theory began to be applied to research on children in the 1960’s. 7.at best 充其量，最多 Hunting is at best a precarious way of procuring food, even when the diet is supplemented with seeds and fruits. 8.at intervals 相隔一定距离 However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. 9.at the expense of sth 在损害…的情况下 A multitude of microorganisms make their livings directly at the expense of other creatures. 10.at the height of sth 在…最鼎盛时期
1.abide by(=be faithful to ; obey) 忠于；遵守 2.be absent from…. 缺席，不在 3.absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 4.be absorbed in 全神贯注于…[近义短语: be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on ] 5.(be) abundant in (be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有 6.to have an access (to) (不可数名词) 能接近,能进入,能了解信息 7.by accident(=by chance, accidentally) 偶然地,意外地 8.without accident(=safely) 安全地 9.of one’s own accord (=without being asked; willingly; freely) 自愿地,主动地 10.in accord with 与…一致. 11.out of one’s accord with 同…不一致 12.with one accord (=with everybody agreeing) 一致地 13.in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据 14.on one’s own account 1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益; 2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责; 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 15.on account 赊账; 16.on account of 因为; 17.on no account不论什么原因也不; 18.of …account 有…重要性. 19.take…into account(=consider) 把...考虑进去 20.give sb. an account of 说明, 解释(理由) 21.account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明. 22.on account of (=because of) 由于,因为 23.on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装) 24.accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth.) ; 指控,控告 25.be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于 26.be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉 27.act on 奉行,按照…行动; 28.act as 扮演; 29.act for 代理 30.adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 31.adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要) 32.in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外) 33.adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循 34.adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的 35.adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应; 36.admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地. 37.in advance (=before in time) 预告, 事先. 38.to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地. 39.have an advantage over 胜过. 40.have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件
新托福阅读之文本插入题解析 朗阁海外考试研究中心 南昌朗阁英语培训中心 文本插入题（Insert Text Questions）是新托福每次必考题型，每次题量不是很多，通常每篇文章0-1个左右。 问题形式： 在这类问题中，题目中给出一个新的句子，然后要求考生们利用文章的逻辑和句子之间的语法联系（比如代词的指代）来确定此句子在文章中最合适的位置。 注意：在文章中会出现四个黑色的方块，这些方块分布在句首或句末。四个方块有时都出现在一个段落中，有时分布在一段的末尾和下一段的开头。 Look at the four squares (■) that indicate where the following sentences could be added to the passage. （考生会看到一个黑体的句子） Where would the sentence best fit? 考生要做的是点击其中的一个方块，将这个句子插入文章。 解题步骤： 1. 读被插入的句子，找出句首或句尾的关键词或关键意思 2. 阅读可以插入方块前后的信息，寻找与插入句相关的意思 3. 选择与插入句最相关的方块 注意：如果出现以下情况，答案都可能是错误的：
★打乱了相邻句子之间的逻辑性 ★影响了转折语的正确使用 ★打乱了代词与其指代对象之间的逻辑关系 ★隔开了本是相邻的两句话 解题技巧： 1. 利用一些过渡词（如某些逻辑关系词或短语等）帮助确定插入句子的位置，或者帮助确定排除不适合的位置。 Much of the water in a sample of water-saturated sediment or rock will drain from it if the sample is put in a suitable dry place.█But some will remain, clinging to all solid surfaces.█It is held there by the force of surface tension without which water would drain instantly from any wet surface, leaving it totally dry.█ The total volume of water in the saturated sample must therefore be thought of as consisting of water that can, and water that cannot, drain away.█ Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. What, then, determines what proportion of the water stays and what proportion drains away? Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage. 技巧分析：首先读被插入的句子，它能给出的线索就是，该句子后面的信息应该是讲述“决定流干的水和不能流干的水的含量的因素”。读文中四个方块前后的信息，第一个方块前面的句子和后面的句子用关系逻辑词“but”连接，形成转折关系，不可插入其他内容；第二个方块后面的句子中出现“it”, 指代方块前面句子中的“some”, 插入其他内容会导致指代混乱，因此不可插入句子；第三个方块前后的信息用逻辑关系词“therefore”衔接，形成因果关系，也不可以插入其他内容，因此我们可以把被插入句子放在第四个方块那儿。如果考生们不确定，可以进一步读下一段中第一句
托福阅读句子简化题解题流程精讲 托福阅读句子简化题解题流程精讲, 3个步骤搞定难点题型，今天给大家带来了托福阅读句子简化题解题流程精讲。希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 托福阅读句子简化题解题流程精讲3个步骤搞定难点题型 托福阅读句子简化题解题流程介绍 1 看原句是否有逻辑关系 2 原句有逻辑关系，看选项，保留逻辑关系选项，去除无逻辑关系选项 3 半句细节对比解题 注：逻辑关系一般有，对比、转折、因果、条件等等 托福阅读句子简化题思路实例分析 If the pores are large, the water in them will exist as drops too heavy for surface tension to hold, and it will drain away; but if the pores are small enough, the water in them will exist as thin films, too light to overcome the force of surface tension holding them in place; then the water will be firmly held.
A.Surface tension is not strong enough to retain drops of water in rocks with large pores but it strong enough to hold on to thin films of water in rocks with small pores. B.Water in rocks is held in place by large pores and drains away from small size pores through surface tension. C.Small pores and large pores both interact with surface tension to determine whether a rock will hold water as heavy drops or as a thin film. D.If the force of surface tension is too weak to hold water in place as heavy drops, the water will continue to be held firmly in place as a thin film when large pores exist. 解题： 1看原句是否有逻辑关系，初步浏览了一下，看到了but这个表转折的连接词，这是一个有逻辑关系的句子。 2 看选项，找到表转折的连接词，只有A选项符合。 原句的大意是： 如果孔很大，那么里面的水就大如水滴，表面的张力不能将其托住，里面的水很快就会流尽;但是如果孔足够小，孔里的水
托福作文考试必备句型、短语、段落、模板总结！！！ （托福作文满分作者亲自总结） 句型： 1. A is to B what C is to D(A之于B犹如C之于D). 2.The relationship between a teacher and a new subject is somewhat similar to that between a tour guide and an unknown city. (A之于B犹如C之于D). 3.It can provide them competitive edge and help adapt themselves to the social development, and eventually put them to favorable positions in further competitions/job market.（学生） 4.The age around 15 is a critical junction in life（学生） 5.Disproportionate attention has been paid to…,however, people seemed to be oblivious to…（重视） 6.As for the dilemma we are facing, our prime preoccupation, in my view, is to…（重视） 7.No one can afford to neglect (education)（重视） 8.The computer has brought dramatic positive impact on modern life.（影响） 9.In today’s hyper-competitive technology-driven economy（社会环境） 10.It would seriously drive up the unemployment rate and pose huge hazardous/question/threats to society(社会危害) 11.As income gaps between the rich and the poor widen, social problems like crime and poverty become more pronounced.（社会问题） 12.A large proportion of people are still on the margin of bare subsistence（社会问题） 13.Spawning certain new industries, creating jobs, stimulating economic growth, and supplying a plethora of innovative conveniences.（社会好处） 14.Development of… would be pushed forward（社会好处） 15.Technological innovations have brought innumerable benefits（社会好处） 16.revolutionary advances in farm machinery had vastly/rapidly increased production of specialized crops（社会好处） 17.sweeping changes(彻底改变)in agricultural were well under way as（正在进行）farmers began to specialized in the raising of crops（社会好处） 18.A has a lot to offer that B doesn’t （社会好处） 19.Critics of…like to invoke an image of….,however, it is too simplistic/ superficial/ unjustified/ unwarranted to say…In fact,...（说法不对） 20.It’s no exaggeration to say that… 21.Unfortunately, it seems that this problem is going from bad to worse/has become aggravated in recent years.（问题） 22.Another subtle problem, but perhaps just as serious,is……（问题） 23.It is tempting to pose another question, that is…（质疑） 24.More controversial is the question as to whether…（质疑） 25.It is not, however, simply a matter of…（问题，不简单） 26.The question comes into the domain of philosophy（问题，不简单） 27.This problem has reached such proportions that authorities have to take affirmative/ strong measures to deal with it. （解决问题） 28.we shouldn’t totally pin our hopes on authorities（解决问题）
雅思常见词组 accustomed to 习惯于 a couple of 一对，一双；几个 a few 少许，一些 a good deal 许多，大量， a good many 大量的，许多 a number of 一些，许多 a series of 一系列，一连串 abound in 盛产，富于，充满above all 首先，首要，尤其是abstain from 放弃，避开 access to 接近，通向…的入口according as 根据…而… according to 根据，按照 account for 说明（原因等），解释accuse sb. of sth. 控告（某人某事）act for 代理 act on 按照…而行动 act out 演出 adapt to 适应 add up to 合计达，总计是 adhere to 黏附，坚持 admit of 容许有，有…余地 admit to 承认 advertise for 登广告征求（寻找）某物affect to 假装 afford to 买得起某物 after a while 过了一会，不久 after all 毕竟，终究，虽然这样agree on 同意，赞同 ahead of 先于，胜过 ahead of schedule 提前 ahead of time 提前，在原定时间以前all along 始终，一直，一贯 all at once 突然，同时，一起 all but 几乎，差一点 all in all 总的说来；同等重要 all of a sudden 突然，冷不防 all one’s life 一辈子，一生 all out 竭尽全力 all over 到处，遍及，全部结束all round 行，可以，顺利，确实all the same 仍然，照样 all the time 一直，始终 all the years round 一年到头 all too 太 allow for 考虑到，估计到，体谅along with 同…一起 amount to 总共达到，实际上是amount to 等于 and all that 诸如此类 and so 所以，因此；同样 and that 而且 and the like 等等，诸如此类 and then 于是，然后 and what not 诸如此类，等等 and yet 而，然而 answer back 顶嘴，回嘴 answer for 对…负责，符合 answer up 应对迅速 any longer 再 anything but 除…以外任何事物 apart from 除…之外 apply for 提出 approach to 接近，约等于 approve of 赞成，满意 arm in arm 手挽手 around the clock 昼夜不断地，全天地arrive at 到达 as...as 像，如同，与…一样 as a matter of fact 事实上，其实 as a result of 由于，作为…的结果 as a rule 通常，一般来说 as a whole 总体上 as best one can 尽最大努力 as concerns 关于 as far as 那么远；直到；至于 as follows 如下 as for 至于，就…方面而言 as for as 就…而论，据… as good as 和…几乎一样
逻辑上的纽带——过渡词/转折词 附加并列：in addition first second third 对比：however but in contrast 举例：for example 因果：because due to 强调：clearly indeed in fact surely 语法上的纽带——插入句子前后语法时态保持一致 词汇上的纽带——代词（指代一直） 例1 Above the tree line there is a zone that is generally called alpine tundra高山苔原. █Immediately adjacent to the timberline, the tundra consists of a fairly complete cover of low-lying shrubs, herbs, and grasses, while higher up the number and diversity of species decrease until there is much bare ground with occasional mosses and lichens and some prostrate cushion plants.█Some plants can even survive in favorable microhabitats above the snow line. The highest plants in the world occur at around 6,100 meters on Makalu in the Himalayas.█At this great height, rocks, warmed by the sun, melt small snowdrifts.█ Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. This explains how, for example, alpine cushion plants have been found growing at an altitude of 6,180 meters. Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage. 例2、█Modern architectural forms generally have three separate components comparable to elements of the human body; a supporting skeleton or frame, an outer skin enclosing the interior spaces, equipment, similar to the body’s vital organs and systems. █The equipment includes plumbing, electrical wiring, hot water, and air-conditioning. █Of course in early architecture—such as igloos and adobe structures—there was no such equipment, and the skeleton骨架and skin were often one.█ Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. However, some modern architectural designs, such as those using folded plates of concreter or air-inflated structures, are again unifying skeleton and skin. Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.