Module 1 People and places
Unit 1 Peopl e around us
Reading
My grandma
My grandma was a shout woman with grey hair. She was
always cheerful. She was a very good cook. Her dishes
were probably the best in the world! I will never forget the
taste, and the smell as well.
Grandma took care of my family. She was really kind and
patient. She died two years ago and I miss her very much.
Alice
Alice is my best friend. She is a tall girl with glasses. She often tells me jokes to make me laugh, but she never makes fun of others.
Alice is a smart girl . She is good at Maths. We often study and play table tennis together. I hope we will always remain friends.
----Joyce Mr Li
Mr Li is my Maths teacher. He is tall and thin. His classes are always full of fun. He uses lots of games in his teaching.
Mr Li is strict about our studies, but he always encourages us and gives us support. He often says, “Never give up and you’ll be successful.”
重点单词的讲解。
1. cheerful adj.快乐的，高兴的；cheer n.欢呼v.欢呼，使……高兴，加油
Eg：Do you know why he is always so cheerful?你知道他为什么总是如此快乐吗？
2. hard-working adj.工作努力的，勤勉的反义词：lazy adj.懒惰的
Eg：I think Simon is a hard-working student.我觉得西蒙是一个勤奋的学生。
3. patient adj.耐心的反义词：impatient adj.没耐心的；patient n.病人
Eg：Don’t worry! Be patient, please. 不要担心，请耐心点。
4. smart adj.聪明的，机敏的，时髦的近义词：clever adj.机智的反义词：foolish adj.愚蠢的
Eg：You are so smart. You can finish that difficult Maths problem in only five minutes.
你真聪明，可以在5分钟之内就解出那道数学难题。
5. probably =maybe adv.很可能
Eg：You’re probably right.你很可能是对的。
6. forget-forgot-forgotten v.忘记反义词：remember v.记住，记得
（1）forget 后接人或事、物，表示忘记某人、某事、某物
Eg：He forgot the name of his teacher.他忘记了他老师的名字。
（2）forget后接to do sth. 表示忘记做某事。
Eg：Don’t forget to reply to Jane in the morning.上午别忘了给简回复。
（3）forget后接doing sth. 表示忘记做过某事。
Eg：He forgot buying that scarf in Paris.他忘记在巴黎买过这条围巾。
7. smell n. 气味v. 闻，嗅
（1）作行为动词，后面直接跟宾语。
Eg：Smell the perfume. Do you like it?闻闻这香水的味道。你喜欢吗？
（2）做系动词，后接形容词修饰主语。
Eg：The meat smells nice, but tastes terrible.这肉闻起来不错，但味道很糟糕。
8. care n.照顾，照料v.关心，关注，在乎
Eg：Baby dogs and cats need a lot of care.小狗和小猫需要很多照顾。
The only thing he cares about is money.他只在乎钱。
9. miss v.想念，怀念，错过，错失
Eg：He missed the ball.他没有接到球。
10. joke n.玩笑v.说笑话，开玩笑
Eg：I didn’t get the joke. 我不明白这个笑话有什么好笑的。
11. laugh v.笑；laughter n.笑声
Eg：Why are you laughing so happily?为什么你笑得这么开心？
12. remain v.仍然是，保持不变
（1）remain常用作系动词，后接名词或形容词做表语。
Eg：We will remain friends forever.我们将永远做朋友。
13. strict adj.严格的，严厉的
Eg：She’s very strict about things like homework.她对作业之类的事要求非常严格。14. encourage v.鼓励
（1）encourage sb. to do sth.
Eg: Our PE teacher often encourages us to do more sport.我们的体育老师经常鼓励我们多做运动。
15. support n.支持v.支持
Eg：Everybody else said I was wrong but Paul supported me.大家都说我错了，只有保罗支持我。
16. successful adj.获得成功的success n.成功succeed v.
Eg：Who do you think is the most successful person in the world?你认为世界上最成功的人是谁？
课文内容精析
1. My grandma was a short woman with grey hair. 我奶奶是一位头发灰白的矮个子女人。
a short woman with grey hair _____________________________
a tall girl with glasses _____________________________________
在这两个短语中，with 是介词“带有” 表伴随状态、特征。后面跟名词、动名词（动词-ing）反义词：without“没有”
仿写
（1）. 一个大眼睛的高个子女孩____________________________________
（2）. 一个戴帽子的矮个子男孩___________________________________
2. She was always cheerful. = She was always happy.
此处的cheerful 是形容词，意思为：高兴的，欢快的与be动词连用
3. She was a very good cook. 她是一位很好的厨师。
cook v 做饭n 厨师
My mother is a good cooks and she cook good.
改错—— ______________________________________________
cooker n 厨具
4. I will never forget the taste, and the smell as well.
区分as well; too; also; either
He can dance and he can sing ________________.
He likes English and he ___________ likes Chinese.
I don’t like English and he doesn’t like English ________________.
He can dance and he can sing, ________________.
辨析：as well
as well
also, 置于动词之前，助动词、be动词之后，常用于句中。Eg：He also wants to go.
either,常用于否定句句尾。Eg：He doesn’t want to go either.他也不想去。
5、Grandma took care of my family.
（1）take care of= look after= care for(此外，care for还有喜欢的意思) 照顾、爱护Eg: Nurses take care of patients in hospital.= Nurses look after patients in hospital.
护士在医院照顾病人。
（2）care about 意为“关心，介意” care for 意为“喜欢，为……操心”
Eg：Einstein who cared little for money never cared about his salary.
爱恩斯坦对金钱不感兴趣，他从不在乎薪水多少。
6. She was really kind and patient. She died two years ago.
kind adj 善良的kindness n 善良
patient adj 有耐心的patience n 耐心
die v 死—— died （过去式）
7. She often tells me jokes to make me laugh. 她总是讲笑话让我笑.
tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事
tell a joke tell jokes 开玩笑
make sb do sth 让某人做某事
此处的to make me laugh 是不定式做目的状语
8、I hope we will always remain friends.我希望我们将永远朋友。
（1）hope v. 希望(希望自己)
hope to do sth. 希望做某事。不能说:hope sb to do sth
eg. I hope to be a teacher when I grow up. 长大后我想成为一名演员。
hope + that 从句
I hope (that) you’ll deal with the problem as soon as possible. 我希望你尽快解决这个问题
wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事（希望别人）I wish you to write a letter soon. 我希望你尽快写封信。
（2）remain friends 意为“还是朋友，保持朋友联系”
Eg：You must tell me the truth, if we are to remain friends.如果我们还是朋友的话，你必须告诉我实情。
9、she is good at Maths
be good at sth/doing sth =do well in sth/doing sth 擅长某事/做某事
eg：他很擅长打羽毛球。
10. His classes are always full of fun. 他的课堂总是充满乐趣。
be full of = be filled with 充满Eg：The bottle is full of milk.这个瓶子里装满了牛奶。fun 乐趣，不可数名词have fun doing sth 做某事玩得愉快
11、He uses lots of games in his teaching. 他在教学中运用许多游戏。
（1）teaching n.教学teach v.教teacher n. 教师
Eg：Linda wants to go into teaching.琳达想从事教学工作。
(2) lots of = a lot of 许多后既接可数名词复数=many 也接不可数名词=much
（3）in 在此表示“在……方面”
Eg：他在语文方面总有很多新想法。
12. Mr Li is strict about our studies, but he always encourages us and gives us support. be strict with sb 对某人严格的
被strict about / in 对某事严格的
encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
support n. 支持
support v. 支持support sb to do sth 支持某人做某事
精选习题
一．用下列单词的适当形式填空
1. Miss Li is a ______________ ( patient ) teacher. She always spends a lot of time helping me. I am thankful for her __________________ ( patient ).
2. We should protect our ___________________ ( person ) information.
3. She is a _____________ girl and she often smiles _________________. ( cheerful ).
4. Don’t forget _________________ ( turn ) off the lights when you leave the classroom.
5. I remembered _________________ ( give ) the book to you yesterday.
6. I don’t like the __________________ because it _______________ bad. ( smell ).
7. The soup smells ___________________ ( deliciously )
8. My teacher always encourages me ____________________ ( study ) hard.
9. She always tells jokes _______________ ( make ) me __________________ ( laugh ).
10. Never give up _________________ ( work ) hard.
11. If you work hard, you will be _________________, and also you will pass the exam _______________. ( successful )
12. The room is _______________ ( full ) of flowers and that room is _________________ ( fill ) with rubbish.
13. The dog _________________ ( die ) two years ago and I _______________ ( miss ) her now.
14. After all these years we remain ___________________ ( friend ).
15. Are you good at __________________ ( play ) table tennis.
二．单项选择题
1. Mary is always cheerful. She is always ________________.
A. careful
B. happy
C. sad
D. patient
2. Lucy forgot to close the door when she left the classroom.
A. don’t remember
B. didn’t write down
C. didn’t remember
D. doesn’t remember
3. My grandpa always takes care of our family.
A. is patient with
B. lives with
C. looks after
D. care
4. I hope we will remain friends after a few years.
A. find
B. will be
C. won’t be
D. look
5. My father always encourages me to study hard.
A. give … a lot of hope
B. make .. fell sad
6. Tom often gives up easily.
A. keeps trying to do something
B. stops trying to do something
7. My uncles has a beautiful house _________ a garden in front of it.
A. have
B. has
C. /
D. with
8. Grandma can take care _____________ my family.
A. in
B. on
C. of
D. /
9. She didn’t like playing chess ___________.
A. also
B. too
C. as well
D. either
10. You should be _________ with your grandparents.
A. patience
B. cheerful
C. patient
D. hard-working
11. The dog __________ on a clod morning .
A. died
B. dies
C. die
D. dead
12. I will never forget the taste, and the smell __________.
A. also
B. too
C. as well
D. either
13. She is good at ___________ pictures.
A. draw
B. drew
C. drawing
D. draws
14. Mr. Li is strict ______________ us and also strict ___________ our studies.
A. with; with
B. about; about
C. about; with
D. with; about
15. I hope _____________ a teacher in the future.
A. being
B. to be
C. is
D. am
学习语法
1 Plan:1）可做名词。a plan, their plan
2) 不及物动词。plan to do sth计划去做某事，they plan to visit France this summer holiday. 是计划，所以用将来时。
3) 及物动词。Plan their holiday,筹划他们的假期，plan our new term规划我们新的学期。
2 Such as, 像，诸如。用于举例，它的用法完全等同于like，后面直接带所举例的内容，
而for example也是用于举例，但要逗号隔开，可放在句首，句中，或句末。Such as bread == like bread= for example, bread
3 One of the +最高级+名词复数。
One of the tallest students in class
One of the most beautiful cities
4 Find后面可加双宾语。
Find EuroDisney a good place to visit 发现欧洲迪斯尼（直接宾语）一个游玩的好地方（间接宾语）
I find English an interesting subject. 我发觉英语（直接宾语）一门有趣的科目（间接宾语）。
5 Like 1)用于举例，像，例如（上面已经讲了，等同于such as）
2）用于比较，像……，跟……一样。It is like Disneyland in the USA. 它跟美国的迪斯尼一样。
3）喜欢，动词。后面一半家动词的ing形式I like playing basketball.
6 Why not ……== why don’t you ……为什么不……，用于提建议。
Why not go and enjoy yourself in the wonderful country of France?
= why don’t you go and enjoy yourself in the wonderful country of France?
用于提建议的还有shall we ……？Let’s …….(注意这里是句号)
7 enjoy oneself=have a good time. 玩的开心，过得愉快
we enjoyed ourselves at the party last weekend.= we had a good time at the party last weekend.
8 主将从现“if……, …will……”
主将，即主句用将来时，指…will……这部分；从现，即从句用一般现在时，指“if……”这部分。
If it rains tomorrow, I won’t go to visit the Eiffel Town. 如果明天下雨，我将不去游览埃菲尔铁塔。
注意：if引导的从句要用一般现在时，此处常用第三人称单数，故动词要适当变化，不要被tomorrow误导了。
If Jiamin goes, I will go too. If she likes this painting, I will give it to her.如果她喜欢这幅画，我将把它送给她。
5 We watch them sail away.我们看着它们飘远而去。We watch them sailing away.我们看着它们飘着。
这两种结构都正确，不同的是，前者用动词原形sail，表示整个过程，即飘远而去，直到看不见为止；后者用动词ing形式sailing，表示动作正在进行，即还在飘，能看得到。
I watched the old man cross the road.我看见老人过马路。I watched the old man crossing the road.我看见老人在过马路。
原形cross，表看见的是整个过程，老人已经过完马路了；动词ing形式crossing，表老人正在过马路中，在路中间。
类似用法的还有其他感官动词，如see，look，hear，listen to等等。
I heard her sing a song.我听她唱了一首歌。（整个过程，歌已听完）
I heard her singing a song. 我正在听她唱一首歌。（她正在唱，歌还没听完）
6 It is +形容词+ to do sth.
It is beautiful to see the river with millions of little lights on it.
It is hard to finish the work in two hours.在两小时内完成这个工作是困难的。
【专题讲】冠词
冠词
定义：冠词是虚词，放在名词前，用来说明名词的含义。冠词不能单独成为句子，只能作为名词修饰的一部分。冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词和零冠词。不定冠词我们在上学期已学过。（一）不定冠词（a/ an）
1、a、an是不定冠词，仅用在单数可数名词前，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目的观念。
2、必背：一般情况下a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的字母前。特例：
a：a useful book, a European country, a one-month holiday
an: an honest boy, an hour, an ugly girl, an eight/ eleven-year-old boy, an 8/11-year-old boy
以-uni开头的单词前常用冠词-a，university, unit 以-un开头的单词常用-an，uncle，unusual
与a连用的字母：B,C,D,G, J, K, P, Q, T, U, V, W, Y, Z
与an连用的字母：A, E, F, H, I, L, M, N, O, R, S, X
（二）定冠词（the）
1、定义：表示特指的人或事物，可与单数或复数可数名词或不可数名词连用。
2、用法：
（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物。
Eg：The gentleman in brown is Alan’s grandfather.那位身着棕色服装的绅士是艾伦的祖父。
（2）用在说话双方都知道的人或事物前。
Eg：Would you please open the door? It’s a bit hot in the room.你能把们开一下吗？房间里有点热。
（3）用在前文提到过的人或事物。
Eg：I have a new book. The book is about the sea.我有一本新书，是关于大海的。
（4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
Eg：the Earth 地球the sea 大海the sk y 填空
（5）用在形容词最高级、序数词及only（作形容词）前。
Eg：The Nile is the longest river in the world.尼罗河是世界上最长的河流
Lily is always the first to school.丽丽总是第一个到学校。
（6）用在same，next，last 前。
Eg：The twins look the same.这对双胞胎看上去一模一样。
（7）用在江、河、海洋、海峡、群岛、山系等专有名词前。
Eg：the Yangtze River 长江the Atlantic大西洋the South China Sea南海（8）用在乐器前
Eg：the piano/ violin/ guitar
(9) 用在国名的全称和缩写前。
Eg：the PRC中国the USA 美国the UK英国
（10）用在一些表示方向、方位、时间、场所的固定词组中。
Eg：on the right/ left 在右/左边in the east 在东方in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在早上/中午/晚上in the distance 在远方in the
beginning 起初，开始
（11）用在radio前，表示广播
Eg：Do you often listen to the radio?你经常听广播吗？
（12）用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示“全家人”
Eg：The Lis usually go to the same place for holiday every year.李家每年通常都去同一个地方度假。
记忆口诀：
特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独一无二，序数最高级，某些专有名，习语及乐器。
(二)零冠词（/）.
（一）用法：
1、在日期、月份、节日等名词前不加the。
Eg：10 September is Teachers’ Day.九月十号是教师节。
Uncle Tom will visit us in May.汤姆叔叔将于五月份探望我们。
2、复数可数名词和不可数名词前不加the表示泛指。
Eg：Camels are very useful animals in the desert.骆驼是沙漠中十分有用的动物。
Do you often listen to light music?你常听轻音乐吗？
3、学科、语言前不加the。
Eg：My favourite subject at school is Physics.在学校，我最喜欢的学科是物理。
Can you speak English?你会说英语吗？
4、球类、棋类、牌类运动或游戏前不加the。
Eg：A lot of people enjoy playing football/ soccer/basketball/ volleyball/ chess/ bridge/ poker.
很多人都喜欢踢足球、美式足球、篮球、排球、棋、桥牌、扑克。
5、表示“用餐”时，一日三餐前不加the。
Eg：Who did you invite to dinner/ breakfast/ lunch/ supper?你昨天请谁吃饭、早餐、午餐、晚饭了？
for/have dinner/breakfast/lunch/supper (但中间有形容词修饰时，则用不定冠词，如have a quick breakfast)
6、抽象名词前一般不加the。
Eg：People all over the world love peace.全世界人民都爱和平。
7、television/TV表示“电视节目”时，前不加the。
Eg：My grandmother is watching television in the next room now.我祖母正在隔
壁房间看电视。
8、在下列习惯用语和固定短语中，名词前不能加the。
go to school/primary school/ secondary school/ university/ work/ hospital/ church/ bed
上学、上小学、上中学、上大学、上班、去医院（看病）、去教堂（做礼拜）、上床睡觉
at school/ work/ church/ home在学校、在上班、在教堂、在家
in hospital/bed 住院、卧床；睡觉at dawn/noon/night/midnight 在黎明、中午、晚上、半夜
by bus/ bicycle(bike) 坐公共汽车、骑自行车on foot 步行
记忆口诀：
代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，复数名词表泛指，
学科球类三餐饭，季节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。
【冠词专练】
I.冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划×。
1. There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall.
2. This is _______ useful book. I've read it for _______ hour.
3. _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse.
4. _______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day.
5. Let's go out for _______ walk.
6. It's too hot. Open _______ door，please.
7. There is _______ woman over there. _______ woman is Meimei's mother.
8. _______ sun rises in _______ east.
9. _______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China.
10.Are you going to do it _______ second time?
II．单项选择。
1. Beijing is ______ beautiful city. It's _____ capital of China.
A. a; a
B. the; the
C./; the
D. a; the
2. Bill had ____apple in one hand and _____orange in the other.
A. a , a
B. an , an
C. a , the
D. the , the
3. Is there ____"s" in the end of the word?
A. an
B. a
C. the
D. /
4. My brother will be back in half ____hour.
A. a
B. the
C. an
D. one
5. The word "your" has ___"y", ___"o" ___"u" and ___"r" in it.
A. a, a, an, a
B. a , an , a , a
C. a , an , a , an
D. an , an , a , a
6. This is ____useful book for beginners in ____English.
A. a , an
B. a , ×
C. a , a
D. the , the
7. __ book is very useful. I bought it from ___ unknown little town.
A. A, a
B. The, a
C. The, the
D. The, an
8. He is ____university student.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
9. English is ____language. It is ____ important tool.
A. a, a
B. a, an
C. the, an
D. a, /.
10. It took me ___hour and ____half to finish ____ work.
A. a, a, a
B. an, an, the
C. an, a, the
D. an, a, /
11. ____steel worker makes steel.
A. /
B. A
C. This
D. These
12. There is ____bridge over there. _____ bridge is made of wood.
A. the, The
B. a, A
C. the, A
D. a, The
13. Shut ____door, please.
A. the
B. a
C. an
D. /
14. __girl in __Grade Three is ___tallest in our school.
A. The, the, the
B. A, a, a
C. The, /, the
D. A, /, a
15. ____moon moves around ____ earth, and they both are smaller than ____su n.
A. The, an, a
B. A, the, the
C. /, /, /
D. The, the, the
16. ____Browns are sitting at ____breakfast table.
A. /, a
B. The, /
C. The, the
D. /, the
17. He does reading aloud in English in _____morning.
A. a
B. the
C. These
D. /
18. ____young should care for help ____old.
A. The, a
B. The, the
C. A, a
D. A, the
19. The city lies on ____Yangtze River.
A. the
B. a
C. /
D. an
20. Paper is made of _____bamboo.
A. a
B. the
C./
D. this
21. He works late at ____night.
A. the
B. a
C. /
D. an
22. They are all ____ soldiers.
A. the
B. these
C. /
D. those
23. Have you any ____story-books?
A. the
B. a
C. an
D. /
Unit 2 Travelling around the world
Reading
France is calling
France is in Western Europe, It is a country with
many beautiful places.
Paris is the capital of France. Here you will find
many famous places of interest such as the Eiffel
Tower. You can go to the Louvre Museum if you
like art. The most famous street in Paris is the
Champs-Elysees. This is the place to go if you
want to visit some shops and department stores.
France is very famous for its wine. There are many
vineyards in the centre of France and farmers grow grapes to make excellent French wine.
The south of France lies on the coast, and it is famous for its wonderful beaches. A French town by the sea is the perfect place for a summer holiday, but if you prefer to visit France in winter, you can try skiing on the mountains in the French Alps.
France has something for everyone, so why not visit France this year?
必背单词：
名词：France flag Europe wine store south coast tower lift step stairs receiver date greeting address
形容词：French possible excellent perfect
动词：tick lie prefer ski finish
重点单词的讲解。
1. France 词性：_____
French词性：_____
2.possible词性：_____
Is it possible to get to Birmingham by train?
I’ll phone you as soon as possible.
It be possible to do
As soon as possible 尽可能快
反义词：impossible
3. south
East south west north
4. lie lay lain 位于，坐落在
Shanghai lies at the mouth of the Yangtze River.
拓展：躺Lie, lay , lain
Alice is lying under an umbrella.
说谎：lie lied lied
You lied again. Why can’t you tell me the truth?
5. perfect完美的词性：_____
The film is over with a perfect end.
6.prefer更喜欢词性：_____
（1）prefer+名词
Would you like meat or fish?
I’d prefer meat, please.
(2) prefer +动词ing
Do you prefer cooking for yourself or eating in a restaurant?
(3) prefer to do
I prefer to spend the weekend at home.
(4) prefer A to B
I prefer dogs to cats.
Complete the passage below with the words and phrases from the box.
Beijing is the capital of China. It __________ in the north of the country. It is full of nice places.
In the city centre, there are many museums. If you want to learn something about China’s past, you can visit the Palace Museum. It is very different from the buildings in _________.
If you _________ go shopping, there are many big ____________ in Beijing.
Beijing is the __________ place for tourists.
词语运用
(A) 根据句意用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Germany as well as France is a __________ country. (west)
2. Why not try __________ a card yourself? (make)
3. Hainan is famous for its _________. (beach)
4. There is a ________ film tonight. Let?s go and see. (wonder)
5. My grandpa was a ________ in the past. (farm)
(B) 根据句意从括号中选择正确的单词填空。
1. Three _______ from ________ speak ________. (French; France; Frenchman; Frenchmen)
2. France is famous ________ its food. (as; for)
3. This is one of the most beautiful _________ in China. (city; cities)
4. It ________ nearly 2000 years to complete. (spent; took)
5. He went to France for _________ (farther; further)
6. They tried _________ the work in three hours, but failed. (to finish; finishing)
7. It is not _________ to walk on the ice. (safe; safety)
课文内容精析。
1、France is calling 法国在召唤
（1）France n “法国”French adj. “法国的”
Frenchman“法国人”，其复数形式为Frenchmen
（2）call表示“召唤，号召”
eg：你能把每个人叫进来吃午饭吗？
2、Paris is the capital of France.巴黎是法国的首都。
the capital of 意为“……的首都”
eg：北京是中国的首都。
3、Here, you will find many famous places of interest such as Eiffel Tower.在这里，你会发
现很多著名的旅游胜地，如埃菲尔铁塔。
（1）Place of interest 意为“名胜”与interesting place 相近。此句型的复数为：
places of interest
Eg：I visited many places of interest when I was in Beijing.我在北京的时候去了很多名胜古迹
（2）such as 意为“例如，诸如”，后接示例，用于列举。
区分：such as 与for example
such as 后没有“逗号隔开”后一般接短语。
for example 后有“逗号隔开”后一般接句子。
4、The most famous street in Paris is the Champs-Elysees.巴黎最著名的街道是香榭
丽舍大道。
（1）the most famous 是形容词famous的最高级形式，意为“最著名的”
(2) in Paris 在巴黎（Paris为专有名词，专有名词第一个字母大写，前面
不加任何冠词）
5、This is the place to go if you want to visit some shops and department stores。
如果你想逛商店和百货公司，这就（香榭丽舍大道）是你要去的地方了。
（1）这是一句条件句，但主句部分没有使用一般将来时。当条件句中，条件和结果存在必然关系时，主句与从句都使用一般现在时。
Eg：If water freezes, it turns into ice.如果水凝固，就变成了水。
（2）want sth 想要某物I want an apple.
want to do sth 想要做某事he wants to have a good rest.
want sb to do sth想要某人做某事my parents want me to be a teacher, 4、France is very famous for its wine.法国以葡萄酒而闻名。
be famous for 意为“以……而闻名”=be well-known famous for
for 后面接出名的原因。
be famous as “作为……而闻名”
as 后接职业，身份或地位
eg：上海以它的夜景而闻名。
_______________________ __广州以“花城”而著称。
5、There are many vineyards in the centre of France and farmers grow
make excellent French wine在法国中部有许多葡萄园，农民们种植葡萄来制造法国佳酿。
（1）in the centre of 意为“在……中部，在……中心”
人民广场位于上海市中心。
（2）grow 种植，生长，长大，留（头发，指甲），变成，开始
Eg：Plants grow from seeds.种子长出植物。
Claire is growing her long hair.克莱尔在留长发。
天色开始渐暗。
6、The south of France lies on the coast, and it is famous for its wonderful beaches.
法国南部靠近海岸，以漂亮的海滩闻名。
（1）on意为“at or near a place”“在，接近”的意思
north（北）
northwest (西北) （东北）northeast
（2）south“南部，南方”
west（西）（东）east
southwest(西南) southeast（东南）
south （南）
（3）lie “位于，坐落在”；“躺，撒谎”
lie的现在分词是lying
lied （撒谎）He lied to his mother. 他对他妈妈撒谎
lie
7、A French town by the sea is the perfect place for a summer holiday, but if you prefer to visit France in winter, you can try skiing on the mountains in the French Alps.法国的海滨小镇是过暑假的完美地点。但是如果你更愿意在冬天去法国，你就可以在法属阿尔卑斯山尝试滑雪。
（1）try doing sth. 意为“尝试做某事”eg：Let’s try knocking at the back door.我们敲后门试试。
（2）try to do sth 尽力做某事= try one’s best to do sth
Eg：这次我们试试溜冰吧。
让我们一起努力为社团做张海报吧。
①在……旁边，靠近”My house is by the river. 我家在河边
②乘（车、船等）we’ll go by boat. 我们将乘船去。
（3）by ③（指时间）在……之前，不迟于you must be back by ten o’clock at night.
你必须在晚上10前回来
④（表示方法、手段等）用、靠He makes a living by selling vegetables. 他
靠卖菜为生。
（4）prefer “更喜欢”其过去式为preferred
①prefer sth 更喜欢某物I prefer apples and meat. 我更喜欢苹果和肉
②prefer sth to sth 比起某物来更喜欢某物He prefers coffee to tea. 与茶相比，他更喜欢咖啡
prefer
③prefer doing sth to doing sth 宁愿做某事也不愿做某事=like doing sth better
than doing sth
My brother prefers playing the piano to playing football. 我弟弟宁愿弹钢琴也不愿意踢足球
⑷prefer to do sth 更喜欢做某事
I prefer to read English in the morning. 我更喜欢早读英语
10、…, so why not visit France this year?……所以今年，为什么不去法国旅游呢？
Why not +动词原形意为“为什么不……”“……怎么样”Let’s…和Shall we…也可以用于提出建议。
Why not 和why don’t you…进行转换
Eg：Why not start the meeting at once? =
为何不现在开会？
11.very boring 非常无聊
boring adj. “无聊的，令人厌倦的”This is a boring book. 这是一本乏味的书。
辨析：boring与bored
boring “无聊的，无趣的，乏味的”一般修饰物
bored “无聊的，无趣的，厌倦的”一般修饰人
12. far away from the sea 远离大海
Far away from “离……远，远离” away可以省略。
表示离某处有多远用be … away from…
Eg。The factory is 500 meters away from our school . 那家工厂离我们学校500米远。13. close to the sea 靠近大海
Close to “靠近”相当于next to,
Close adj “近的，接近的”；“亲密的，密切的”
I have some close friends 我有一些亲密的朋友
Close 作动词“关，关闭”反义词open
Close the window, please 请关上窗户
14. Kelly enjoys skiing in winter. 凯利喜欢在冬天滑雪。
enjoy “喜欢，享受……的乐趣”
Do you enjoy working in China? 你喜欢在中国工作吗？
注意：enjoy doing sth “喜欢做某事” I enjoy playing computer games.
Enjoy oneself =have fun=have a good/great/wonderful time 过得快乐，玩得愉快。Eg. We enjoy ourselves on Sundays. 在星期天我们玩得很开心。
15. in the north of “在……的北部”，介词in 在此表示方位。
辨析：方位介词in, on 与to
in 表示“在某个范围之内”
Suzhou is in Jiangsu Province. 苏州位于江苏省
on 表示“在某个范围之外，两地接壤”
Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong
to 表示“在某个范围之外，两地不接壤”
Japan is to the east of China 日本在中国的东边。
16. It is very different from the buildings in
be different from “与……不同” 反义词词组是 be the same as “和……一样”
She is different from other girls. 她与其他女孩不同。
My watch is the same as yours. 我的手表和你的一样。
different 的名词形式为 difference “区别，不同”
17. go shopping “去购物” “go+v.ing ”构成固定短语，意为“去做某事”，多用于体育活动
或业余休闲活动。常见的短语有：
go swimming 去游泳 go sightseeing 去观光 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船
go skating 去滑冰 go cycling 去骑自行车
18. think of “想起，记起，想出” they think of a wonderful idea. 他们想出一个很妙的
主意
Think about “思考，考虑” we are thinking about going to Paris. 我们正在考虑去巴黎。
Think over “仔细思考” think it over, and you can find the answer very soon.
19. another “另外的，又一” 指三个或三个以上以及不确定数量中的“另一个，又一个” 学习语法
【专题讲】
专有名词
1、定义：专有名词表示特定的人名、地名或组织机构的名称，专有名词一般具有独一性。
（1）人名，地名：Jenny 珍妮 Smith 史密斯 China 中国 Asia 亚洲 London 伦敦
(2) 组织机构、时间、书籍报刊等名称：the United Nations 联合国 Bank of China 中国银行
May 五月份 Sunday 星期天 Time 《时代》周刊 the New York Times 《纽约时报》
（3）家庭关系名称、个人头衔：Mum 妈妈 Grandpa 爷爷 Doctor Black 布莱克先生
Captain Grey 格雷船长/机长 Mr Hopkins 霍普金斯先生 Miss White
怀特小姐
2、专有名词注意事项：
（1）A：因为专有名词具有专有独一性，所以一般情况下，专有名词的第一个字母要大写，不能在专有名词前面加不定冠词a/ an，也不能在专有名词词尾加上
表示复数形式的“-s”
Eg：Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。
B：有时专有名词可以转化成普通名词，转化后它便具有普通名词的特性了，即可在前面加上不定冠词a/an，在词尾加上表示复数形式的“-s”。
Eg：A Mr Green called just now.刚才有位格林先生打来电话。此时，a Mr Green 相当于a man called Mr Green。
（2）姓氏是专有名词，一般没有复数形式，而且也不能加定冠词“the”。但是，当姓氏前面加定冠词“the”，在后面加“-s”时，就表示一家人的意思。
Eg：The Blacks moved house three weeks ago.布莱克一家三周前搬走了。
（3）有些专有名词表面上看是复数形式，但是在实际应用中谓语动词通常用单数形式。
Eg：The United Nations looks after the whole world.联合国要守护全世界。
这里把the United Nations看成一个整体。
连词：and 、but、so与or（我们可以用连词来连接两个意思练习紧密的句子，也可以连
接两个相同的成分。）
1、and的用法：
（1）and是“和，还，而且”的意思，用于连接形容词、副词、名词或句子。
Eg：I’ve got a red and blue shirt.我有一件红蓝相间的衬衫。（连接两个形容词）
Please do your homework slowly and carefully.请慢慢，仔细地做你的家庭作业。（连接两个副词）
Bob and Janet danced.鲍勃和珍妮特跳了舞。（连接两个名词）
I met John and we talked for a while.我遇到了约翰，还聊了一会儿。（连
接两个句子）
（2）当and用于连接两个句子或短语时，我们可以省略重复的部分。
Eg：He is sitting there and (he is) watching TV.他正坐在那里看电视。
I need to go to the post office and (to) the library.我要去邮局和图书馆。
（3）在连接两个单词或简短的句子时，and前不用加逗号。
Eg：I bought a hat and a scarf.我买了一顶帽子和一条围巾。
（4）如果and连接的内容超过两个，则需要使用逗号，但and前不适用逗号。
Eg：I bought a hat, a scarf and a coat.我买了一顶帽子，一条围巾和一件外
套。
（5）忘记使用and是一个常见的错误。
Eg：He bought chicken wings, hot dogs to the barbecue.(错误)
He bought chicken wings and hot dogs to the barbecue.（正确）
他带了鸡翅和热狗来烧烤。
2、or 或者，否则，表示选择。
如: Get up early, or you’ll be late。
Which do you prefer, this one or that one?
(当or 表示“和”时，用于否定句或疑问句中；而and 用于肯定句中 )
3、but的用法：
（1）but 意为但是，可是。用于连接前后内容不同或相反的句子，表示转折的含义。
Eg：Joan can sing but she can’t dance.琼会唱歌，但不会跳舞。（肯定+but+
否定）
Our flat is new but very small.我们的公寓很新，但很小。（好+but+坏）（2）我们还可以用but来比较句子的主语。和and一样，使用but时，也要避免重复相同的部分。
Eg：Sally likes swimming but Doris doesn’t( like swimming).萨利喜欢游泳，但多利不喜欢。
（3）有时候，我们也可以把否定的部分置于but的前面。
Eg：Martin isn’t happy but I am.马丁不开心，但我很开心。
Eg：He was hungry, so he ate a lot.他饿了，所以吃了很多东西。
连词专练：
Ⅰ用连词and，but，和so填空。
1.My brother is ill, ______ I have to stay at home.
2.He has a lot of money, ________ he spends little.
3.Take some medicine, _________ you will feel better.
4.I came to see him, __________ he wasn?t at home.
5.Work hard, _________ you will pass the English exam.
Ⅱ单项填空
1.They are good at swimming, _______ I am not.
A. and
B. but
C. so
D. or
2. The old woman can?t read ________ write.
A. and
B. or
C. but
D. and can
3. _________ John felt tired, ________ he still went on working.
A. Because; so
B. Although; but
C. /; so
D. /; but
4. He is rich, ________ he isn?t happy.
2019秋人教版七年级数学上册教材全解读 教材分析 第一章有理数教材分析 本章内容的地位和作用 本章是数从自然数扩展到有理数，初步形成有理数的概念后，进一步学习有理数的运算，是小学算术的延续和发展。 数从自然数、分数扩展到有理数后，数的运算从内涵到法则都发生了变化，必须在原有的基础上重新建立。这种数的运算法则的变化，主要原因是增加了负数的概念。而到学了第三章实数，数系扩展到实数后，数的运算的内涵和法则(包括运算律)并没有多大变化，从这个意义上来说，有理数的运算是实数运算的基础和依据，也是代数式四则运算的重要基础。因此，本章内容的地位是至关重要的。准确数和近似数、计算器的使用也是本章的教学内容，它是应用有理数解决实际问题所必需的。 本章的知识结构如图
本章内容及课时安排 1.1 正数和负数2课时 1.2 有理数4课时 有理数数轴相反数绝对值 1.3 有理数的加减法 4课时 加法减法 1.4 有理数的乘除法4课时 乘法除法 1.5 有理数的乘方3课时 乘方科学记数法近似数和有效数字 数学活动 小结2课时 部分小节内容分析 1.1 正数和负数 学生在小学已经学过算术数(整数、分数、小数)和负数，知道正数与负数是具有相反意义的量，认识数轴，了解数轴的三要素；因此平时教学既不能起点太低，与小学重复，也不能过高的估计了学生的认知水平，一笔带过。其实学生对于0既不是正数，也不是负数的概念不够清晰明确是我们重点学要强调的，同时我们还可以适当补充非负数、非正数的概念，起到一些承前启后的作用。 将下列各数填在相应的集合中： -8.5， 6，， 0， -200， 0.1， -20%， -2.35， 0.01， +86，.
一般现在时专项练习 一用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy __________(be) in Class One. 3. We ____________(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick ___________(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ________ they _________(like) the World Cup? 6. What __________they often _________(do) on Saturdays? 7. ______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. She ___________(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 16. Liu Tao ___________(do not) like PE. 17. The child often ___________(watch) TV in the evening. 18. Su Hai and Su Yang ___________(have) eight lessons this term. 19. －What day __________(be) it today? －It’s Saturday. 20 We often ___________ (play) in the playground. 21. He _________ (get) up at six o'clock. 22. __________ you __________ (brush) your teeth every morning? 23. What __________(do) he usually __________ (do) after school? 24. Danny ____________ (study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school. 25. Mike __________ (go) to the park with his sister. 26. _________ Mike __________ (read) English every day? 27. How many lessons _________ your classmate _________ (have) on Monday? 28.What time _________ his mother _________ (do) the housework? 二按照要求改写句子 1.I do my homework every day.(改一般疑问，并否定回答)______________________________ 2. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)___________________________ 3. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)____________________________ 4. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)________________________ 5. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)__________________________ 6. John comes from England.(对划线部分提问)____________________________ 7. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) _____________________________ 8. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句, 作否定回答） __________________________________________________ 9. David has got a goal.（改为一般疑问句）_________________________ 10. We have four lessons.（改为否定句）____________________________ 11. Nancy doesn't watch TV.（改为肯定句）_________________________ 12. Daming comes from Beijing. 否定句：__________________________ 一般疑问句：_________________________ 13. Mike has two lessons on Monday.一般疑问句：____________________________ 否定句：________________________________ 14. I usually play football on Friday afternoon.
东蒙学堂九年级英语个性化辅导讲义（十） 一．单项选择（15分） 1.Anne loves her son, ____ he often makes her feel angry. A. because B. though C. until D. unless 2. _____I was walking down the street, an American asked me for direction to the nearest station. A. If B. Though C. Until D. while 3.--Would you like ___ playing with me? --I’d like to. But I’m busy___ my homework. A. to go, to do B. to do, doing C. going, to do D. going, doing 4. I ___ why Mary didn’t answer my phone. --Perhaps she was busy at that time. A. suppose B. agree C. believe D. wonder 5. I hear our teacher will be back_____ three weeks’ time. A. at B. in C. for D. after 6. The 31st Olympic Games will begin__ August 5th,2016. A. in B. on C. at D. for 7. Mary made few friends in Beijing,_____? A. was she B. wasn’t she C. did she D. didn’t she 8. I couldn’t do it ______ your help. Thanks a lot! A. with B. without C. for D. to 9. The little kid didn’t stop crying___ he found his mother. A. after B. until C. because D. when 10. –Could you please tell he about the news? ---Sure, I’ll tell her about it as soon as she___ back. A. come B. will come C. came D. comes 11.-Mum, I got an A in the math exam. --Good job, Bob. I’m ____ of you. A. tired B. proud C. sure D. sick 12.___my grandfather exercises every day, __he is very healthy. A. Because, so B. Because, through C. Because, / D. Though, / 13. He had a cold, ___ he went to see a doctor after school. A. if B. where C. because D. so 14. Tom, ___ Jane and Rose,____ going to the farm on foot. A. as long as, is B. as well as, are C. as long as, are D. as well as, is 15. Could you please__ my little dog while I’m out? A. take out of B. take care of C. take part in D. take away from 二．阅读理解 My name is Sam . I joined a club called “ passing help ” last month . Now let me tell you why I joined it. One evening this May, on my way home my old car broken down( 出故障）. It was 25 miles from
一般现在时 一、一般现在时定义： ①经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 e.g. I go to school on foot. e.g.：He is very busy now. e.g.：She is ten.（她十岁了。） e.g.：Kate is in the classroom. （凯特在教室里。） e.g.: We often call to each other.（我们时常相互通信）。 ③表示主语现在的性格、特征、能力。 e.g. He can swim. e.g.：I work hard. e.g.：I like watching TV. e.g.：I like English. We can speak English. ④表示客观真理。 e.g. There are seven days in a week. e.g.：The moon moves round the earth. e.g.：The sun is bigger than the moon. （太阳比月亮大。） 二、一般现在时的构成： 1、当谓语动词是be 动词am, is ,are时， 1）肯定句式主语＋ am/ are/ is ＋其他。 2）否定句式主语＋ am/ are/ is ＋ not ＋其他。
3）一般疑问句 Am/ Is/ Are ＋主语＋其他？ 肯定回答 Yes, 主语（必须是代词）＋ am/ is/ are 否定回答 No, 主语（必须是代词）＋ am/ is/ are ＋ not（必须用缩写形式 isn't/aren't） e.g.：Danny is a good student. Danny isn’t a good student. Is Danny a good student? Yes, she is. No,she isn’t. 2、当谓语动词是行为动词（实义动词）时 1）当主语是第一人称 (I / we) ; 第二人称 (you) 及第三人称复数(they及复数的名词)时： ①肯定句主语＋行为动词原形＋其他 ②否定句主语＋don’t ＋行为动词原形＋其他 ③一般疑问句 Do ＋主语＋行为动词原形＋其他 肯定回答 Yes, 主语（必须是代词）＋do 否定回答 No, 主语（必须是代词）＋don’t e.g.：They have lunch at 12:00. They don’t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00? Yes, they do. No, they don’t.
2020年秋冀教版七年级数学上册 期末达标测试卷 一、选择题(1～10题每题3分，11～16题每题2分，共42分) 1．有理数0，－1，－2，3中，最小的有理数是( ) A ．0 B ．－1 C ．－2 D ．3 2．下列物体给我们以圆柱的形象的是( ) 3．下列各式中，不是代数式的是( ) A ．3a B ．0 C ．2x ＝1 D ．a 2－π 16 4．下列说法正确的是( ) A ．5x 3y 的系数是5 B ．1π与a π是同类项 C ．a 与a ＋1是同类项 D ．x 2y 与xy 2是同类项 5．m 与－?????? －23互为相反数，则m 的值为( ) A ．32 B ．－32 C ．23 D ．－23 6．下列说法正确的有( ) ①射线AB 与射线BA 是同一条射线； ②两点确定一条直线； ③两点之间直线最短； ④若AB ＝BC ，则点B 是AC 的中点． A ．1个 B ．2个 C ．3个 D ．4个
7．若代数式5x b－1y a－1与x2y是同类项，则a b的值为() A．2 B．8 C．16 D．32 8．已知关于x的方程(m－2)x|m－1|＝0是一元一次方程，则m的值是() A．2 B．0 C．1 D．0或2 9．用一根长为2 m的铁丝，首尾相接围成一个正方形，要将它的四边按如图的方式向外等距扩1 m，得到新的正方形，则这根铁丝需增加() A．4 m B．8 m C．6 m D．10 m (第9题)(第10题) 10．如图，将三角形AOB绕点O按逆时针方向旋转45°后得到三角形A′OB′，若∠AOB＝21°，则∠AOB′的度数是() A．21°B．24°C．45°D．66°
七年级一般现在时专讲专练 （一）一般现在时的概念 1. 表示目前的情况或状态。 【例句】 We’re at school. 我们在上学。 2. 表示主语所具备的性格、特征或能力。 【例句】 They speak English. 他们说英语。 3. 表示现阶段经常性或习惯性的动作。 【例句】 The girl goes to school by bike every day. 这个女孩每天骑自行车去上学。 4. 表示客观真理或事实。 【例句】 The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 状元典例 Light _____much faster than sound. A. travel B. travels C. to travel D. traveling 答案：B 思路分析：浏览题干可知句意为“光（传播的速度）比声音（传播的速度）要快得多”。这是一个客观真理，故用一般现在时。light作主语，且是第三人称单数，故谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式。（二）一般现在时的标志词 一般现在时常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every day （week, month, term, year）, twice a year, in the morning （afternoon, evening）等时间状语连用。 【例句】 We often play football in the afternoon. 我们经常下午踢足球。（三）一般现在时中的谓语动词 一般现在时中含有两种谓语动词： 1. 系动词be，即am, is 和are。 【用法】我用am；你用are；is连着他,她，它。 单数主语用is，复数全部都用are。 【例句】 I am at No. 2 Middle School. 我在第二中学。
七年级下册时态复习（一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时） 1.完成表格：英语动词根据动作与时间的关系，在句子中有五种基本形式， 现在分词。以下列词为例：
3.写出各种动词形式的构成规则： 1).第三人称单数 2).现在分词 时态练习新课标第一网 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式和现在分词 go ______ ______ enjoy ____ ________ teach ________ ________ eat______ _______ draw ______ ________ study _____ ________ take______ _______ dance____ ________ write ______ ________ run______ _______ swim_______ ________ get _______ ________ open______ _______ cut______ _______ see______ _______ 二．单项选择 （）1. Wei Hua ______ visit the Great Wall during this summer holiday? A.Do, going to B. Is, going to C. Will, going to （）2. ---Where are you going ? ---I ___ the shops for some fruit. A. am going to B. go to C. shall going to go to （）3. Mr Green usually ______ newspapers after supper every day. A. read B. reading C. reads D. looks （）4. Look! LiPing and Li Ying ________ basketball now. A. play B. played C. will play D. are playing （）5. I ______ music at 6:00 every morning. A. listen to B. listening to C. am listening to D. hear （）6. What ______ you ______ with your classmates this Sunday afternoon? A. are, do B.do, do C. will do （）7. ______ she ______ home at six o’clock every mornig? A. Do, comes B. Does. come C. Do, come D. Is, come （）8. There ______ an English party in our class this evening. A. will have B. are going to have C. is going to be （）9. My father ______ TV with my mother now. A. watch B. watching C. is watching D. watches （）10. ______ you usually ______ to school with your classmates? A. Do, comes B. does, come C. Do, come D. Are, come （）11 It’s six o’clock in the evening, My family______ supper at the table. A. eat B. is eating C. are eating D. eating （）12. My mother __ like watching TV, so she ____to bed very early every
第一章 有理数 1.1 正数和负数 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.输1场 5.从Q 出发后退4下 6. 227，2.7183,2020,480 －18，－0.333…，－259 0 1.2 有理数 1.2.1 有理数 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.0,1 ＋1 3 －0.3,0，－3.3 5.正整数集合：{＋4,13，…}；负整数集合：{－7，－80，…}； 正分数集合：{3.85，…}；负分数集合：{－5 4，－49%，－4.95，…}； 非负有理数集合：{＋4,0,3.85,13，…}； 非正有理数集合：{－7,0，－80，－5 4 ，－49%，－4.95，…}. 1.2.2 数 轴 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.－2或0 5.－1,0,1,2 6.解：在数轴上表示如下. 1.2.3 相反数 1.B 2.D 3.－1 4.(1)－1 (2)3 (3)2 5.解：(1)－3.5的相反数是3.5.(2)35的相反数是－3 5. (3)0的相反数是0.(4)28的相反数是－28. (5)－2018的相反数是2018. 6.解：如图所示. 1.2.4 绝对值 第1课时 绝对值 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.－3 10
5.解：|7|＝7，????－58＝5 8 ，|5.4|＝5.4，|－3.5|＝3.5，|0|＝0. 6.解：因为|x ＋1|＋|y －2|＝0，且|x ＋1|≥0，|y －2|≥0，所以x ＋1＝0，y －2＝0，所以x ＝－1，y ＝2. 第2课时 有理数的大小比较 1.C 2.B 3.(1)＞ (2)＜ (3)＞ 4.－17 5.解：如图所示： 由数轴可知，它们从小到大排列如下： －6＜－514＜－3 5 ＜0＜1.5＜2. 1.3 有理数的加减法 1.3.1 有理数的加法 第1课时 有理数的加法法则 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.49.3 6.解：(1)原式＝－26.(2)原式＝－6.(3)原式＝－2019. (4)原式＝0.(5)原式＝4.(6)原式＝－5 9 . 第2课时 有理数加法的运算律及运用 1.D 2.交换 结合 －17 ＋19 2 3.解：(1)原式＝[(－6)＋(－4)]＋(8＋12)＝－10＋20＝10. (2)原式＝????147＋3 7＋??? ?? ???－213＋13＝2＋(－2)＝0. (3)原式＝(0.36＋0.64)＋[(－7.4)＋(－0.6)]＋0.3＝1＋(－8)＋0.3＝－6.7. 4.解：根据题意得55＋77＋(－40)＋(－25)＋10＋(－16)＋27＋(－5)＋25＋10＝(55＋77＋10＋27＋10)＋[(－25)＋25]＋[(－40)＋(－16)＋(－5)]＝179＋(－61)＝118(kg).所以今年小麦的总产量与去年相比是增产的，增产118kg. 1.3.2 有理数的减法
七年级一般现在时练习 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 talk______forget______hope______stop______perform______play______say__ ____ buy______worry______fly______study_______like_______make______take____ __ love_______recite_______become_______come_______drive_______shine_____ __ leave_____wake_______ride_______write_______hike______give______see___ ___swim______stop______shop_______plan______get_______sit_______let___ ____ cut_______run_______forget_______begin_______wash_____watch_______ finish______teach_____fish_______reach_______go_______do_____ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays 7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20. －What day _______(be) it today － It’s Saturday. 21 We often ___________ (play) in the playground. 22. He _________ (get) up at six o'clock. 23. ________ you __________ (brush) your teeth every morning？ 24. What ________(do) he usually ________ (do) after school？
人教版七年级数学上册知识点大全 1.1正数和负数 1、大于0的数叫做正数。 2、在正数前面加上负号“-”的数叫做负数。 3、数0既不是正数，也不是负数，0是正数与负数的分界。 4、在同一个问题中，分别用正数与负数表示的量具有相反的意义。 1.2.1有理数 (1)凡能写成分数形式的数，都是有理数，整数和分数统称有理数. 注意：0即不是正数，也不是负数；-a 不一定是负数，+a 也不一定是正数；π不是有理数； (2)有理数的分类:①?????????????负分数负整数负有理数零正分数正整数正有理数有理数②??? ????????????负分数正分数分数负整数零正整数整数有理数 (3)自然数?0和正整数； a ＞0?a 是正数； a ＜0?a 是负数； a ≥0?a 是正数或0?a 是非负数； a ≤0?a 是负数或0?a 是非正 数. 1.2.2数轴 1、用一条直线上的点表示数，这条直线叫做数轴。它满足以下要求： （1）在直线上任取一个点表示数0，这个点叫做原点； （2）通常规定直线上从原点向右（或上）为正方向，从原点向左（或下）为负方向； （3）选取适当的长度为单位长度，直线上从原点向右，每隔一个单位长度取一个点，依次表示 1,2,3…；从原点向左，用类似的方法依次表示-1,-2，-3… 2、数轴的三要素：原点、正方向、单位长度。 3、画数轴的步骤：一画（画一条直线并选取原点）；二取（取正反向）；三选（选取单位长度）；四标（标数字）。 4、数轴的规范画法：是条直线，数字在下，字母在上。 5、所有的有理数都可以用数字上的点表示，但是数轴上的所有点并不都表示有理数。 6、一般地，设a 是一个正数，则数轴上表示数a 的点在原点的右边，与原点的距离是a 个单位长度；表示数-a 的点在原点的左边，与原点的距离是a 个单位长度。 1.2.3 相反数 1、只有符号不同的两个数叫做互为相反数。 (1)注意：a-b+c 的相反数是-a+b-c ；a-b 的相反数是b-a ；a+b 的相反数是-a-b ； (2)相反数的商为-1； （3）相反数的绝对值相等。 2、一般地，设a 是一个正数，数轴上与原点的距离是a 的点有两个，他们分别在原点的两侧，表示a 和-a ，我们说这两点关于原点对称。 3、a 和-a 互为相反数。0的相反数是0，正数的相反数是负数，负数的相反数是正数。相反数是它本身的数只有0。 4、在任意一个数前面添上“-”号，新的数就表示原数的相反数。 5、若两个数a 、b 互为相反数，就可以得到a+b=0；反过来若a+b=0，则a 、b
（七年级英语）一般现在时的讲解 一、一般现在时定义： ①经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 e.g. I go to school on foot. e.g.：He is very busy now. e.g.：She is ten.（她十岁了。） e.g.：Kate is in the classroom. （凯特在教室里。） e.g.: We often call to each other.（我们时常相互通信）。 ③表示主语现在的性格、特征、能力。 e.g. He can swim. e.g.：I work hard. e.g.：I like watching TV. e.g.：I like English. We can speak English. ④表示客观真理。 e.g. There are seven days in a week. e.g.：The moon moves round the earth. e.g.：The sun is bigger than the moon. （太阳比月亮大。） 二、一般现在时的构成： 1、当谓语动词是be 动词am, is ,are时， 1）肯定句式主语＋am/ are/ is ＋其他。 2）否定句式主语＋am/ are/ is ＋not ＋其他。 3）一般疑问句 Am/ Is/ Are ＋主语＋其他？ 肯定回答Yes, 主语（必须是代词）＋am/ is/ are 否定回答No, 主语（必须是代词）＋am/ is/ are ＋not（必须用缩写形式isn't/aren't）e.g.：Danny is a good student. Danny isn’t a good s tudent. Is Danny a good student? Yes, she is. No,she isn’t. 2、当谓语动词是行为动词（实义动词）时 1）当主语是第一人称(I / we) ; 第二人称(you) 及第三人称复数(they及复数的名词)时： ①肯定句主语＋行为动词原形＋其他 ②否定句主语＋don’t ＋行为动词原形＋其他 ③一般疑问句Do ＋主语＋行为动词原形＋其他 肯定回答Yes, 主语（必须是代词）＋do 否定回答No, 主语（必须是代词）＋don’t e.g.：They have lunch at 12:00. They don’t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00? Yes, they do. No, they don’t. 2）当主语是第三人称单数(she/ he/ it及单数的名词) 时
一般现在时与现在进行时 班级：姓名： 第一部分：基本知识 （一）一般现在时 1．定义：表示经常性的动作。经常与频率副词（时间状语）连用：often经常, usually 通常, always总是，every每个, sometimes有时，at…在几点钟等。只有第三人称单数用动词三单形式，其余动词均用原形。 2.动词变化： （1）多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes； （2）以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es go—goes wash--washes ； （3）以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es fly—flies 3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词要改为第三人称单数形式） 4.否定形式：am/is/are+not；此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词 （二）现在进行时 1. 定义：表示（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作,。经常与now, at the moment, look, listen 等词连用。 2. 基本结构：be (am/ is/ are)＋v-ing（动词的现在分词） I’m watching TV now. They’re playing football. 3. 现在分词的构成： （1）一般情况下在动词词尾加ing。 go→going ask →asking look→looking （2）以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e加ing。 have →having t ake→taking make→making write→writing （3）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个字母，再加-ing。 get→getting swim→swimming begin→beginning shop→shopping 4. 现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。 （1）肯定式：be＋v-ing She is singing in the next room. （2）否定式：be＋not＋v-ing The students aren’t cleaning the room. （3）一般问句：be动词提前。 肯定答语Yes，主语＋be，否定答语No，主语＋be not。 5.特殊疑问问句：疑问词＋be ＋主语＋doing＋其他？(疑问词＋一般疑问句) What is the old man doing under the tree? （三）现在进行时与一般现在时的区别： 1.现在进行时表示动作的暂时性，而一般现在时表示动作的习惯性和经常性 I am watching TV now. （暂时性）
1.给出下列动词的第三人称单数 1.talk______ forget________ hope______ 2.stop______ perform_________ play______ 3.say_____ _buy______ worry________ 4.fly______ study_______ like_______ 5.make______ take______ love_______ 6.recite_______ become________ come______ 7.drive_______ shine_______ leave_______ 8.wake______ _ride_______ write_______ 9.hike______ give_____ _see______ 10.swim_____ _stop______ shop_______ 11.plan______ get_______ sit_______ 12.let_______ cut_______ run_______ 13.forget_______ begin______ _wash______ 14.watch_______ finish________ teach_______ 15.reach_______ go_______ do_______ 2.用do, don’t, does, doesn’t填空。 16.________you have a soccer ball? Yes, I ____________. 17.___________ Dave have a tennis racket? No, he ____________. 18.___________your sister have a volleyball? Yes, she ____________. 19.___________ they have a TV? 20.Yes, they ____________. 21.__ _________ we have a computer? Yes, we________________. 22.___________your brothers have a basketball? No, they ____________. 23.___________ your father have a car? No, he____________. 24.___________Lin Tao and Yang Ming have a cat? No, they ____________. 25.___________ Alan have an apple? Yes, he____________. 26.___________your father and mother have a son? Yes, they ____________. 3.把下列句子变否定句,一般疑问句并作肯否定回答 1.I have a red pen. 2.She likes ping-pong balls. 3.Jim plays computer games every day. 4.They have some balls. 5.Those are CDs. 按要求做题: (10分) 6.He ______(have) a notebook. 7.Maria and I_______(have) a basketball. 8.Li Ping has a Soccer ball.(变为一般疑问句) 9.___Li Ping __a soccer ball? 10..Does she have a CD?（做肯定回答） 11.,she ____ . 12..He has a baseball bat.（变否定句） 13.He ____ ________a baseball bat. 14.You have a volleyball.(一般疑问句) 15.______you have a volleyball? 16.The boy doesn’t have a TV.（肯定句） 17.The boy ______ a TV. 19.She has a lot of work to do this week.(改一般疑问句) _____________________ 20.We have a big TV set in our house.(改为否定句) _____________________ 21.Does she have any English-Chinese dictionary? (作否定回答)_____________________ 22..We have some nice pictures.(主语改为he) _____________________ 23..Ann has a basketball.(改一般疑问句) . 24.. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) 25. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) 26. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答) 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) 5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) 6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问) 8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) 9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)