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材料成型及控制工程专业英语-6.LIFE-AND-FAILTURE-OF-DIE

材料成型及控制工程

专业英语

Translation Skill —Word Conversion

(翻译技巧——词性转换)

?由于英汉两种语言属于不同的语系,所以它们在语言结构与表达形式方面各有特点。要使译文既忠实于原意,又顺畅可读,就不能局限于逐词对等,必须采用适当的词性转换。

转译成汉语动词;

转译成汉语名词;

转译成汉语形容词;

转译成汉语副词。

英语句法要求一个句子只能有一个谓语动词(并列谓语必须有连词),其他动词必须变成非谓语形式,而汉语中使用动词比英语多,也比较灵活,有时一个短句子就用了好几个动词。因此英语中名词、形容词、介词和副词均可转译为汉语动词。

●A change of state from a solid to a liquid form requires heat energy.

●译:从固态变为液态需要热能。(名词转译成动词)

●The term laser stands for amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.

●译:“激光”这个术语指的是利用辐射的受激发射放大光波。(介词转译成动词)

●Both of the substances are not soluble in water.

译:这两种物质都不溶于水。(形容词转译成动词)

●In this case the temperature in furnace is up.

●译:在这种情况下,炉温就升高。(形容词转译成动词)

●Such materials are characterized by good insulation and high resistance to wear.

?英语中有些动词的概念很难用汉语东西直接表达出来,这时可以转译为汉语名词。

●译:这些材料的特点是:绝缘性好,耐磨性强。(动词转译成名词)

●The result of this experiment is much better than those of previous ones.

●译:这次实验的结果比前几次的实验结果都好得多。(代词转译成名词)

●All structural materials behave plastically above their elastic range.

●译:超过弹性极限时,一切结构材料都会显示出塑性。(副词转译成名词)

?The cutting tool must be strong, hard, tough, and wear resistant .

转译成汉语名词

?某些表示事物特征的形容词做表语时可将其转译成名词,其后往往加上“性”、“度”、“体”等。带有定冠词的某些形容词用作名词,应译成名词。?译:刀具必须具有足够的强度、硬度、韧性和耐磨性。?Both the compounds are acids, the former is strong, the latter is weak .

?译:这两种化合物都是酸,前者是强酸,后者是弱酸

This experiment was a success.

译:这个试验是成功的。(名词转译成形容词)This man-machine system is chiefly characterized by its simplicity of operation and the ease with which it can be maintained.

译:这种人机系统的主要特点是操作简单,容易维修。(副词转译成形容词)

●It is demonstrated that dust is extremely hazardous.●The equations below are derived from those above .●译:已经证实,粉尘具有极大的危害。(副词转译成形容词)

●译:下面的方程式是由上面的那些方程式推导出来的。(副词转译成形容词)

●The mechanical automatization makes for a tremendous rise in labor productivity.

●译:机械自动化可以大大地提高劳动生产率。(形容词转译成副词)

●A helicopter is free to go almost anywhere.

●译:直升飞机几乎可以自由地飞到任何地方去。(形容词转译成副词)

●Rapid evaporation at the heating surface tends to make the steam wet.

●译:加热面上的迅速蒸发,往往使蒸汽的湿度变大。(动词转译成副词)

6 .1 General

?deterioration 变坏;退化;损耗?heat checking 热致裂纹

?surface finish 表面粗糙度

?reversal 颠倒,相反

?breakdown 破坏,击穿

?overload (使)过(超)载

?breakage 断裂

?die life 模具寿命

?mode 方式,状态,模式

?die failure 模具损坏

6 .1 General

?thermal fatigue 热疲劳

?discrete 不连续的,单个的?mechanical fatigue 机械疲劳?cavity 模膛,型槽

?layer 层

?stock 坯料,原材料

?abrasive 磨料的,磨损的

?impact 冲击,碰撞

?impression 型腔(槽),压印?hardenability 淬透性,可淬性

?Proper selection of the die material and of the die

manufacturing technique determines,to a large extent,

the useful life of forming dies.

?适当地选用模具材料和模具制造技术,在很大程度上决定了成形模具的使用寿命。

?Dies may have to be replaced for a number of reasons, such as changes in dimensions due to wear or plastic

deformation, deterioration of the surface finish,

breakdown of lubrication, and cracking or breakage.

?由于很多原因,模具不得不被更换,譬如由于磨损或塑性变形引起了尺寸改变,表面粗糙度的恶化,润滑系统的破坏、模具的开裂和破损。

?dimensions 尺寸、规格deterioration 恶化

?lubrication 润滑breakage 破损

?In hot impression die forging, the principal modes of die failure are erosion, thermal fatigue, mechanical fatigue and permanent (plastic) deformation.

?在热模腔锻造中,模具失效的主要方式是侵蚀、热疲劳、机械疲劳和永久变形。

?impression型腔,模穴

?principal 主要的permanent 永久的

?In erosion, also commonly called die wear, material is actually removed from the die surface by pressure and sliding of the deforming material, wear resistance of the die material, die surface temperature, relative sliding speed at the die/material interface and the nature of the interface layer are the most significant factors influencing abrasive die wear.

?侵蚀破坏,通常也称为模具磨损,指由于压力或变形材料的流动引起的模具表面材料的流失,材料的耐磨性、模具表面温度、模具/材料接触面相对滑动速度以及接触面的性质,这些都是对模具磨损产生影响的的重要因素。

?sliding滑动interface 接触面、接口

?Thermal fatigue occurs on the surface of the die

impression in hot forming and results in heat checking.

Thermal fatigue results from cyclic yielding of the die

surface due to contact with the hot deforming material.

?热疲劳现象产生于热成型模腔的表面,从而导致热裂纹。热疲劳是由于模具表面与热变形材料接触而循环变形产生的。

?heat checking 热致裂纹

?cyclic 循环的;周期的

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