励志小故事
1、上帝那里没有现成的果实
三个人千辛万苦找到了上帝，请求他给予帮助。上帝问他们各需要什么。第一个人说他要一座大宅院；第二个人说，他要一个农庄；第三个人说他要一块大金条。上帝说他可以满足他们的需要。于是上帝给了第一个人一堆砖头，给了第二个人一把种子，给了第三个人一把沙子。
No Ready-made Fruit in God’s Hand
Three guys finally got the God through trials and errors. They were eager to ask God for help. Right after the God asked what they want, the first man claim a big yard, the second a farmstead, and the third a bar of gold. God promised them. At last, the first man was given a pile of bricks, the second a bag of seed and the third a mass of sand.
2、虫子的压力
有这么一种虫子，它的体长还不到一毫米，也许因为在电子显微镜下看起来像一头黑熊，所以人们叫它雄虫。它主要生活在淡水的沉渣，潮湿土壤以及苔藓植物的水膜中。最近日本冈山大学物理学家小野文久发现了一个惊人的现象：当20只小熊虫被放入密封的容器内，在实验室制造的7.5万个大气压下，20只熊虫只有两只死亡，其余的18只安然无恙。7.5万个大气压！它相当于每平方豪米要承受700多千克重物的压力，它足以上淀粉瞬间变性，生米顷刻为熟饭。自然条件下，地球上也只有180千米的地幔深处才拥有如此大的压力。
至今没有人能弄清楚熊虫为何如此能忍。不只是出于对这种超强生命力的尊重还是怀疑，有人叫它地狱之虫。一个长度不超过1毫米的微不足道的虫子，能承受命运给他如此的压力，相比较而言，我们这些自称是高级动物，智慧生命，万物之灵的人呢？在人的现实生活中，有多少小小的心结，小小的压力构成我们所谓的生存压力。在这样的压力下又有多少悲观失落之人将美好的人生称作地狱？现在一比才觉得，其实我们的压力就好比是真空，我饿美女的地狱就是天堂中的天堂。在那一刻，我在心里默默地鞠了一躬，不是为熊虫，而是感谢造物主没有把这样的压力降在人间。
Worm’s Pressure
This is a worm whose body is no less than one millimeter. It is called 熊虫(XC) perhaps for the reason that it looks like a black bear under the microscop. The XC usually habited in the slurry of fresh water, wet soil and the 水膜of moss plants. Recently, there was an amazing news discovered by 日本冈山大学物理学家小野文久: when 20 little XC were placed in a sealed container under the 7.5 万个大气压making in experiment condition, there were only two died and the other 18 have no trouble at all. 7.5 万个大气压, equal to over 700 kilogram stress per square meter, which is powerful enough to它足以上淀粉瞬间变性and the rice ready to eat. In natural condition, this pressure can only be found in the 地幔beneath the earth 180 kilogram.
Till now, nobody have an idea about the tolerance of XC. Someone also call it worm of hell out of admiration or suspicion. A worm, with its length less than one millimeter, is able to bear so heavy stress. Comparatively, we human beings, the so-called advanced animal, wisdom and genius of all, can do that? In our real lives, so much little minds, little stress has made up our living stress. How many pessimistic and disappointed people compare the beautiful life to the miserable hell under this pressure? By comparing, I suddenly realized that our stress is just like the vacuum and the hell is the heaven in heaven. At that moment, I made a bow in my mind. Not for XC, but for the freedom of this stress in the world made by the creator.
3、豪华大厦意味着衰落
珀金森的“办公大楼法则”是：某个组织的办公大楼设计得越完美，装饰得越豪华，该组织离解题的时间越进。
他发现，有许多生意兴隆的公司影响巨大的组织都设在不起眼的地方，住在简陋的房屋里，一旦搬进豪华的大厦，便转到衰退的轨道。例如，圣彼得教堂、罗马教堂、梵蒂冈教堂等宗教组织，就是在极盛时期开始修建这些教堂，宗教组织的实力就开始走下坡路了。国际联盟大厦、凡尔赛宫、白金汉宫、英国殖民部办工大楼等政治组织的大楼，都是在落成典礼之后，组织权势便发生大幅度的下降，甚至带来了厄运。
如果珀金森了叫中国历史，肯能会找到更多的例证，比如阿房宫，秦始皇陵等。为什么这些以豪华著称的建筑物，都成了这些组织的“令莫”了？
珀金森以科学的态度进行如下推测：一个组织在兴旺发达之时。往往紧张而忙碌，没有时间和精力去设计和修建琼楼玉宇，当所有的重要工作都已经完成，想到要修建与其成就相称的大楼时，其时间和精力遍集中到表面功夫上，当某个组织的大楼设计和建造趋向完美之际，她的存在就开始失去意义。完美我的楼堂意味着这定局，而定居意味着终结。摘自《方圆法制》
The Meaning of Wane on the Skyscraper
珀金森’s rule of business office is : the more perfect designed and more luxury th e decoration cornament is, the nearer to its deadline.
He found out that many profitable business companies were all placed at some not so eye-catching locations and in the shady houses. Ever since moved into luxury mansions, these companies may led to its last day/wither away. For example, religious institutions such as 圣彼得教堂、罗马教堂、梵蒂冈教堂, were built from the park of power, and at the exact time, their religious power become weak and even bad fortunes by them.
If 珀金森know Chinese history, then he may find more proofs like 阿房宫，秦始皇陵. I am wondering that why those architecture well-know as luxury al because the “tomb” of their bodies?
With scientific spirit, 珀金森showed us his inference: when an institution is prosperous than never, it was too busy to design and build mansion with enough time and energy, while all key work done and considering to build a large building comparable to its achievements, its time and energy were concentrated on those superficial stuffs. When the design and building work of a constitution was about to complete, it has began to lose its meaning. 完美我的楼堂意味着这定局，而定居意味着终结。摘自《方圆法制》
4、在沉默中面对
最真实，最切己的人生感悟是找不到言辞的。
对于人生最重大的问题，我们没跟人都是能在沉默中独自面对。我们可以一般的谈论爱情、孤独、幸福、苦难、死亡等等，但是，那属于每个人自己的真正意义始终在话语之外。我无法告诉别人我的爱情有多么温柔，我的孤独有多么绝望，我的幸福有多么美丽，我的幸福有多么美丽，我的苦难有多么沉重，我的死亡有多么荒诞。我只能把这一切藏在心中，我所说出的写出的东西只是先思考的产物，而一切思考在某种意义上都是一种逃避，从最个别的逃向一般的，从命运逃向生活，从沉默的深渊逃向语言的彼岸。如果说他们尚未沦为纯粹的空洞的概念，那也只是因为他们是从沉默中挣扎出来的，身上还散发着深渊里不可名状的事物的七夕。
我不否认人与人之间沟通的可能，但我确信其前提是沉默，而不是言辞。美特林克说得好：沉默的性质解释了一个人灵魂的性质。在不能共享沉默的两个人之间，任何言辞都无法使他们的灵魂发生沟通。对于未曾在沉默中面对过相同问题的人来说，在深刻的哲理也只是一些套话，事实上那些浅薄的读者奇缺分不清深刻的感悟和空洞的感叹，格言和套话，哲理和老生常谈，平淡和平庸，佛性和故弄玄虚的禅机。一个人言辞理解的深度取决于他对沉默理解的深度，归根结底取决于她的沉默，亦即他的灵魂的深度。所以，在我看来，凡有志探究人生真理的人首要功夫便是沉默，在沉默中面对他灵魂中真正属于自己的重大问题。到他有了足够的孕育并因此感到不堪重负的时候，一切言语之门便向他打开了，这是他不但理解
了有限的言辞，而且理解了言辞背后的沉默着的背后无限的存在。（摘自《中国社会报》）Facing the Reality in Silence
The truest and most expressive thought was hardly be expressed.
We all face it alone in silence to the most important thing in life. We can talk occasionally about love, loneliness, happiness, miseries, death and so on, but the true meaning is hard to deliver by words. I cannot tell others how gentle my love is; how desperate my loneliness is; my enjoyable happiness is; how depressive my miseries is; how ridiculous my death is. I have no choice but to hide then deeply in my heart. All what I said and wrote but the product of thinking, while thinking, to some extend, is a kind of escape which from the particular to general, fate to life and the abyss of silence to the bank of language. If they have not become pure/solely and abstract idea, it is merely because they have newly struggled out from the silence and with something hard to tell in their bodies.
I am not to deny the possibility of communication between human beings, but the condition. It is silence, instead of words. 美特林克had an excellent explanation: the nature of silence tells the nature of one’s soul. There is no any words may have a possibility to make a communication between their soul if the two cannot share the same silence. To those who have not solved the same questions in silence, even profound philosophy is only some polite formulas. In fact, those superficial reader have no ability to identify the profound philosophy and abstract thoughts, proverb and polite formulas, philosophy and 老生常谈, insipid/prosaic and commonplace, the knowledge of Buddha dharma and deceitful trick. One’s ability in words comprehension is based on his understanding to silence and eternally based on his silence; that is his capacity of soul. Therefore, I insist that the lesson of one who is determined to seek the life philosophy is silence----to face his important problem of sale in silence. Until he has enough accumulation and too tires to bear, all windows opened to him. This is the way that he not only understands the limited words, but also the unlimited information behind the silence of words.
5、容易走的都是下坡路
他在一所大学做教授，90岁的时候，荏苒每天坚持工作8小时，不论春秋冬夏，也不论风霜雨雪。
他的秘书说：“他很衰弱，但是每天逼着自己从住的地方走过两个街口到办公室来，这段路要走一个小时，他却一定要走，因为这使他自觉有成就感。”
有一天，有个大学生从他办公室里出来，捧着一大堆书，一脸不高兴的抱怨：“总是这一套。我问一个和简单的问题，他可以用一个’是’或’否’回答，却给我十几本书，说可以在这些书里找到我所要的答案。”
他后来知道了这个学生的抱怨，微笑着说：“这就是我学到的读书方法，艰难费事的方法。那孩子如能好好的钻研这些书，就可以了解这个问题，将来也许能成为一个好律师。”
这个90岁的老人就是曾任美国哈佛大学法学院院长的庞德。
有一位哲学家说：“你应该每一两天做一些你不想做的事。”
这是人生进步的基础。
正如另一位哲人所说“容易走的都是下坡路。”
All Slopes are Easy to Go
He was a professor. At the age of 90, he still work eight hours everyday regardless the season and weather.
His secretary said: “He is extremely old, but he forced himself walk from his living place to office through two blocks. It would take him an hour, but he insisted to because it makes him get a sense of success. ”
The other day, an university student step out from his office with a pile of books. He complained emotionally: “He is always this man. He may answer me just with ‘yes’ or ‘no’ to my question. However, he always gave me dozens of books and suggests me to find the answer. ”
Later, he knew what this student complained. He told with smile: “This is the method I have learnt, a hard and troublesome way. If that kid could make full use of those books, he might know his question and ma ybe a good lawyer in the future.”
This 90-year-old man was 庞德, who was the president of law college in Haward University.
Once a philosophist said: “You should do some thing that you don not want to every one or two days.”
This is the foundation of life progress.
Just like another phlosophist said: “all slopes are easy to go. ”
6、公平的分配
一个炎热的下午，两个农民在一棵大树下乘凉。其中一个叫拉姆，另一个叫希亚。两个人都带着美味的面包充当午饭。拉姆带了3个面包，希亚带了5个。正当他们准备吃午饭的时候，一个商人路过此地。
“下午好，两位先生。”商人向拉姆和希亚问候道。商人看起来又累又饿，所以拉姆和希亚邀请他和他们一起吃午饭。
“但是我们有三个人怎么分这三个面包呢？”拉姆为难了。
“我们把面包放在一起，再把每个面包切成均等的三块。”希亚建议道。
把面包切开后，他们把面包平均分成三份，每个人都不多也不少。
吃完面包后，商人坚持要给他们钱。拉姆和希亚推辞不掉，只好收下。
待商人离开后，两人一数金币的数量——8个。
“8个金币，两个人。我们就每人4个金币。”拉姆说道。
“这不公平。”西亚大声反对，“我有5个面包，你只有3个。所以我应该拿5个金币，你只能拿3个。”
拉姆不想争吵，但他也不想给希亚5个金币。
“我们去找村长做裁决。他是个公正的人。”拉姆说道。
他们来到村长毛尔维的家，把整个事情的经过告诉了他。毛尔维想了很久，最后说：“分配这笔钱的公平办法就是希亚拿7个金币，拉姆拿1个。”
“什么？”拉姆惊叫道。
“我为什么该得7个？”希亚也觉得很奇怪。
当毛尔维把他的分配理由解释清楚后，拉姆和希亚打偶没有对这个分配再提出异议。
这真的是一个公平的裁决吗？
要知道毛尔维的裁决是否公平，就要先回答这些问题：
1、8个面包被切成了多少块？
2、每个人吃了多少块面包？
3、拉姆的面包被分成了多少块？
4、拉姆吃了8块面包，还剩几块留给商人？
5、希亚的面包被分成了多上块？
6、希亚吃了8块面包，还剩几块留给商人？
毛尔维决定只给拉姆一个硬币，而给希亚7个，是因为商人吃了8块面包，只有一块是从拉姆的面包中来的，而其余7块都是希亚的。
点示：我们愤愤不平，太多是因为我们只会算计，不会计算。
Just Allocation
In a hot afternoon, two farmers were enjoying the cool under the tree. One farmer called L and the other called X. both carried tasty bread as their lunch. L took three bread and X five. A
businessman passed by when they were ready to have lunch.
“G ood afternoon, gentlemen.” The businessman greeted L and X. the businessman was tire d and hungry. L and X invited him to have dinner together.
“But we three men how to separate three breads? ” L confused.
“Let’s put the breads together, then divide every one into three equal parts.” X suggested.
Cutting and dividing the breads, they all got the exact one.
Eating up the breads, the businessman insisted to pay and L and X have no idea but to get it.
When the businessman went away, L and X counted the number of golden bills----eight.
“Eight bills, two person s. Four bills every one.” L said.
“It’s unjust,” X opposed loudly, “I had five breads and you just three, so I should get five bills and you three.”
L reluctant to argue, neither would he gave X five bills.
“Let’s invite our village manager Morwey’s house and tell all to him. ” Thinking for a while, Morwey replied: “The just way to distribute these bill is X take seven bills and L one.”
“Pardon?” L screamed.
“Why should I posses seven?” X also felt strange.
After Morwey explained his reason clearly, both L and X had no dispute on this allocation.
Was this really a just rule?
Answer these questions before you decide whether it was just or not:
1.How many small pieces the eight breads were divided into?
2.How many pieces every one ate?
3.How many small pieces did L’s breads?
4.How many pieces L left for the businessman after he ate eight?
5.How many small pieces did X’s breads were divided into?
6.How many pieces X left for the businessman after he ate eight?
The reason that Morwey only gave L one bill and X seven because the businessman ate eight pieces and only one was left from L’s while other seven pieces from X.
Tips: we always indignant mostly because we are used to scheming, but not counting.
7、事情有多重要
我有一个手提箱要给你，里面有100万美元现金。手提箱放在离你现在住的地方大约1小时车程的一幢大楼上，条件是：你要在2小时内到达那幢大楼。如果在2个小时之内到，我就把皮箱交给你，你就多了100万美元。但是只要你迟到一分钟，你就一分钱都得不到。那么你什么时候出发去拿幢大楼呢？
很多人会回答：“现在就去。”你呢？
你出发了。跳上你的车，发动，向那幢大楼方向开去。你相当激动，计划着怎样花那100万美元。突然，路上堵车了，你的车子开不动了。你打开收音机，发现在你和那幢大楼之间发生了重大交通事故，你没有别的路可以到达那里。你会怎么办？你会打道回府吗？或者打开车门走出来，走路（跑步或雇用直升飞机或用别的方法）去那幢大楼？
如果你去看牙医，在路上也发生堵车，你肯定会转回家，跟牙医约另一天。
这两种情况为什么会不一样？因为出行的目的是不同的。如果你要做的事情对你非常重要，再大的困难你都会设法克服; 如果你觉得要做的事情不是很重要，遇到困难你就会放弃了。
所以，克服困难的最好的方法，就是把你要做的事情看得非常重要。
How important it is
There is a suitcase for you with a million US dollar in .
The suitcase is placed in a building away from you about one hour driving. The condition is,
you need to get there within two hours. If you did, I will give you the suitcase with a million US dollar. Or if you late for only one minute, nothing will you get. When would you get about?
Many would say: “Now.” will you?
Now you set out. You hurry into your car, start it, drive for the building. You are so excited and wonder what to do about the one million US dollars. All of a sudden, you are stopped by the traffic jam. You turn on the radio and find there is no any way to get there because of the accident on your way. What will you do nest step? Go back? Or step out your car, go to the building on foot (running or employ a helicopter or other ways)?
If, you are on the way to the dentist’s office and there is a traffic jam, surely you would turn back and appoit for another time.
Why is there difference between these two thins? Because of the destination. If it is quite important for you, you will conquer it, regardless any hardship; or if yit is not so serious, you may call it a day.
Therefore, the best way to face the difficulty is to make the thing a business.
8、强光也是一堵墙
一位父亲问他正读小学三年级的儿子：“阴天的夜晚，天空中看不到星星，是星星不存在吗？”
儿子很干脆的回答：“不是。”
父亲又问：“那位什么我们一颗星星也看不见呢？”
儿子答：“是云把星星都遮住了。”
父亲接着又问儿子：“晴空万里的白昼，天空中也看不见星星，是星星不存在吗？”
儿子有些犹豫，显然不知道该如何回答父亲这个问题。
父亲见儿子答不出，稍停了一下，说：“其实白天星星也存在，它们大都是恒星，永远存在于太空中，只是我们肉眼看不到罢了。”
儿子好奇地问：“这又是为什么呢？”
父亲想了一下。告诉儿子说：“是太阳的光太强了，它把所有星星的光都盖住了。”
在生活中，很多人，很多事，也是如此。因为一个人或一件事所拥有的光环太强，不仅会把这个人或这件事本身的缺点遮住，而且还会把周围其他人或其他事的优点也都遮住，让大家无法看到他周围人的真实面目或其他事的真相。这不是按个人的眼睛出了问题，而是因为对方的光太强了。
很多时候，强光也是一堵墙，是一堵肉眼看不见的墙，又是一堵肉眼无法看过去的墙，他可以迷惑我们正常的眼睛，也可以挡住我们正常的目光。
Intense Light, a Wall as Well
A father is asking his son in grade three: “We cannot find the star in the sh ady night. Is it not there?”
His son answered it with clear –cut accent: “No.”
The father asked again: “Then why we cannot see any star?”
His son replied: “The cloud hide them.”
Again the father asked: “There is no star in the sunny daytime. Where are they?”
Hesitated, his son seemed have no idea to respond.
For a moment, the father said: “Actually there is yet stars but most of them are恒星,and stay in the universe. It is just we cannot see them with our eyes. ”
His son asked curiously: “Why?”
Thinking for a while, the father answered: “Because the sunlight is too intense, and it shade the stars’ light.”
The same goes to many things in our lives. The intense light of one person or one thing, may
not only shade its own defects, but also the merits of the person or thing around it and makes it difficult for others to identify the facts besides him. This is not the problem of one’s eye, but th e intense light.
Most cases, the intense light is a wall, a wall that cannot see and stride with our eyes. Not only can it confuse our normal eyes, but also hinder our normal sight.
9、看着前方
一个朋友对我说:“当你忧伤时，请看着前方。”
说来也怪，每当自己忧伤时，我很少看着前方，不是低低垂首，就是闭目不瞻，即便抬头仰望星空，也是越看越茫然。忧伤时，自己的视野真的窄了。
这个朋友有一个冰雪聪明的女儿，美丽得像朵舞蹈着的花，但她完全看不到外边的世界。朋友曾经伤心欲绝，但没有人能够帮助到他疗伤，是残酷的生活教会他看着前方，发现和拥有那些前行一段路程才能得到的喜悦。
看着前方，他看到已经长大的女儿——她更加漂亮乖巧，学会了自己照顾自己；她穿上了黑色的练功服、白色的舞蹈鞋，黑黑的头发盘得高高的，用发光的发带竖了起来；她时刻微笑着，那是汇集在她嘴角的点点明媚的春光；她变得坚强睿智，能够自食其力，如她所愿，果真成了一名受人欢迎的舞蹈老师、、、、、、
我们敲门时，上帝总是不在家。诗人朗费罗为此感慨不已：“你的命运一如他人，每个生命都会下雨。”下雨时，忧伤时，最值得做的事情就像这位朋友所说的:看着前方！一分钟不行，再看一分钟，久久地看，一次又一次地看，用一生的经历来看，用最真的爱满怀着希望来看。看看是不是“所有的雨都会停”，看看雨后的天空是不是更洁净、更辽远、更美丽，是不是还会奇迹般地出现彩虹。
上帝总有回家的时候，雨水总会停下，前方总有希望和喜悦。
Look Ahead
Once a friend suggested me: “Look ahead when you are sad. ”
It is this weird that ever when I am in sad, I am always bow my head or shut my eyes regardless his suggestion. Even when I catch a glimpse of the sky with stars, but again at sea. When I am depressed, my vision narrowed.
This friend has a lovely and smart daughter and so charming like a flower in dancing. But, she is unable to see the outside world clearly. My friend ever so grieve that he was so pessimistic. No other aids seem to help him, but he gained the delight after a journey of hardship with looking ahead that the crucial life taught him.
Look ahead, he has witnessed his daughter’s experience journey----she is more beautiful and tamer and can take care of herself. She dresses her black excise cloth, with white dancing shoes, black and high-twist hair style with lighting belt; she is always smile, indicating her charming youth in her mouth; she becomes strong in mind and smart, live on herself. As preferred, she becomes a warmly received dancing teacher…
The God is always absent when we knock His door. The great poet 朗费罗could not help commending, “Your你的命运一如他人，每个生命都会下雨.” When it rains and we feel sad, it is worth looking ahead. If one minute is not enough, then take one more. Looking again and again with a long time, or even your whole life and your love and hope. See whether所有的雨都会停; see the sky after rain if it is cleaner, vaster, more fantastic and see whether there is rainbow in magic.
There is always the time the God go home; the stop for rain and the hope and joyous ahead. 10、老故事咂出新滋味
铁杵磨成针的故事告诉我们：白费力气的事尽管感人但却是可笑的。明明买根针就能做活，非要用根大铁棒磨它个三年两载。方向和方法错了，功夫下的再深也不行。
三顾茅庐的故事告诉我们：机遇是等来的。如果孔明先生主动上门求职，就不见得有这样的效果。不过，这话只适合古代，现代人即使比孔明的本事大十倍，坐在家里干等也不见得有机遇出现。天知道重视人才的观念是进步了还是退步了。
龟兔赛跑的故事告诉我们：永远不要以己之短比别人之长，更不要因一时的侥幸成功把短当成长。如果是乌龟，可以跟兔子比潜水，也可以跟兔子比长寿，这才是乌龟的强项。
井底的之蛙故事告诉我们：什么样的环境早就什么样的人生，反过来也同样，什么样的人生适合什么样的环境。别指责青蛙的短浅愚昧，因为蛙绝不可能从井底迁到东海生存。如果蛙受了教育启发，从此志在东海，那只有徒增烦恼了。
武松打虎的故事告诉我们：英雄有时是被逼出来的。武松胆儿再大也是正常人，没有人不拍老虎的道理。要不是犟脾气加上十五碗小酒，决不回去做打虎的壮举。其实他也没想到会遇上老虎，真的遇上反而酒都被吓醒了，说明他并不是真的想当英雄。不是他死就是虎亡，他把自己逼成了英雄。现实的很多典型与此很类似，每一个英雄的出现都是有前提的。
螳臂当车的故事告诉我们：即便粉身碎骨，也要为改变现状做一些看似无效的努力。也许，当轮前的螳臂多了，车会慢下来或者停下来。
New understanding to classic stories
铁杵磨成针tells us：Moving as the strenuous deeds, it is actually ridicules. Instead of buying a needle, he insisted to rub an iron stick exhausted for years. It is useless to work hard once the direction and method was wrong.
三顾茅庐tells us：The opportunity is get by waiting. If Mr. Kong applied his position spontaneously, the result might be the other one. After all, it practices only in the old age. Though ten times the wisdom than King Ming, we modern people may lose enormous opportunities. Who knows if the attention to the talents is more or less?
龟兔赛跑tells us：Never compete its short comes with other’s merits, nor take the short comes as advantages for a short-time fortune. If you were a turtle, compete diving or lifespan with rabbit because these are your advantages.
井底的之蛙tells us：Man is what his surrounding and vise verse. The surrounding is fit for the man. Never condemn frog’s narrow and foolish, for it never survive in the East S ea, it just a trouble made by itself.
武松打虎tells us：Hero is sometimes be made. A common though 武松’s tremendous courage, for nobody without fear to tiger. Thanks to his stubborn and the fifteen 小酒, 武松had the honor to kill the tiger. He also never knew that he might come across a tiger. His mind became clear the moment he saw the tiger; it showed he is not planned to be a hero. To be or not to be; was he kill the tiger and because a hero. Just like many incidents in life, every hero appears out of some conditions.
螳臂当车tells us：To change the situation, it prefers to do some useless efforts though it may die in pieces. Or maybe, when number of the same doers increased, the 车may sow down or stop surprised.
11、年龄加减法
发明大王爱迪生，在他79岁时，自豪而风趣地对人们宣布：“我已经是135岁的人了。”
流行天后麦当娜，在她40岁时，语出惊人地对外宣称，她应该是35岁才合理。
79岁的爱迪生为何加岁到135岁？因为他积攒了超出常人多倍的时间财富：16至60岁，爱迪生通常每天工作18~20小时，而在实验关键期，他则常常会通宵达旦、废寝忘食地连续奋战几昼夜；60岁后，人们劝服他缩减了工作量，但每天仍要干16小时；80岁后，他依然坚持白天准时去实验室，一干一整天，晚上回家还要读3~5小时的书。爱迪生一生积攒和珍惜时间，如按平常人一生活动和工作的时间来计算，他的生命早已成倍延长了，寿命早就大大增长了，所以他才将79岁加成135岁。
40岁的麦当娜为何要减岁到35岁？因为她认为生命中有些岁月是被浪费的，所以理应减去：她与前夫的婚姻，有一整年是在争吵中浪费掉的，减1岁；她与好友因事翻脸，两年友情算空白，减2岁；她出演过一部烂片，那一年毫无价值，又减1岁；她与某男星屡传绯闻，那一年没有意义，再减1岁。这般算来，她整整少了5岁，一下子从40岁减成35岁。年龄加减法，加入的是珍惜的时光，减去的是浪费的岁月；加入的是有意义有价值的时光，减去的是被挥霍被耗空的岁月。善用减法，可理智地梳理和清点过去；善用加法，可合理地安排现在，规划未来。
The Counting Rule of Age
At the age of 79, the inventor Adison announced with pound and humor: “I am 135 years old.”
Seemingly, at the age of 40, the popular queen Madana declared surprised that actually 35 years old might be more reasonable to her then.
Why Adison thought he was 135 years old but not 79? This is because he accumulated the double working time than normal people: from 16-year-old to 60-year-old, Adison usually worked 18~20 hours every day. At some key point, he might worked all day and all night long without thinking of food and rest for several days in a row.; after 60 years old, he was suggested to decrease his work, but he insisted to work 16 hours every day; after his 80 years old, he still went to his lab punctuately and worked all day with another three to five hours’ reading after going home. The time that Adison accounted and treasured, if counted as the time scheme that normal people, his lifespan has undoubtedly doubled. Therefore, his age was not 79 but 135.
Why Mdana held that she should be aged 35 but not 40? This is because she thought that sometime was be wasted in her life and of course should eliminated: the marriage time with her pre-husband was wasted in quarrels. This should be cut one year; the time she turned her back to her friend for something. This should reduce two years; she once been a actress in a nonsense film for a worthless year. This should delete one year; she was spotted with enormous love affairs should be cut; in this way, she totally lost five years and from the age of 40 t 35. The counting rule of age, add the treasure time and reduce the wasteful; accumulate the meaningful and worthy years, while cut the meaningless and worthless moment. Good at counting rules, you can carding and check your past in a wise way; good at counting rules, you can arrange yourself and make a plan for your future in a proper road..
12、站在海伦的身后
有人问盲人作家海伦.凯勒，谁对她的人生影响最大？她回答：“安妮.沙利文！”安妮却纠正说：“不，对你人生影响最大的人，是一位清洁女工。”
幼年的沙利文因严重眼疾，脾气暴躁，被关进福利院的笼子。一个清洁女工经常钻进笼子去安抚她，关怀她。安妮的心灵慢慢康复了。她离开福利院后，被培养成一名教师，第一个学生就是海伦。
海伦身后站着安妮，安妮身后是清洁女工，女工身后肯定还有好人。社会是由无数条“善”和“恶”的长链组成。你的一个温馨的眼神，经过N次传递放大，长链的另一端可能连着一位伟人；而你的一句侮辱性的话语，那长链没准会牵着一个混世魔王呢！
Standing behind Helen
Someone asked blind writer Hele n·Kater who had the most influence on her. She answered : “安妮.沙利文” “No, the man influenced you most is a ceaner.”
Young 沙利文had a serious disease in her eyes. She was in locked in a 福利院’s cage because of her bad temper. Luckily, there was a cleaner often got into the cage, comfort and took care of her. Afterwards, Anny graduate healed and left the 福利院. Ever since she became a teacher, she first student was Helen.
There ws Anny behind Helen, and then the cleaner, and maybe some more kind person.
Society is a long chain with numerous “kind” and “evil”. Your gentle eyesight, through delivering and expanding for N times, there maybe be a great on the other side; while an insulting sentence may link with a fiend.
13、识人五视
古人在实践中积累了一套识人、用夕、的经验，归纳起来为“五视”，即:
居视其所亲。注意观察一个人平时跟谁在一起。如与贤人相近，则可重用;相反，若与小人为伍，就要加以当心。
富视其所与。看他如何支配自己的财富舀如果只满足私欲，大肆挥霍，贪图享乐，则不可重用。
达视其所举。如已处于显赫之位，需要观察他如何来选拔部属。若任人唯贤，量才录用，自然是襟怀坦荡、秉公办事的有为之士。
穷视其所不为。对处于困境之人，可以视其操守如何。若虽身处困境，却不做任何苟且之事，这样的人就可以放心地委以重任。
贫视其所不取。看一个人在贫困潦倒之时的行为。不取不义之财，甘守清贫，则品性高洁。若见钱眼开，如蝇逐臭，就万不可重用。（摘自《南昌晚报》魏信德/文）
Five Observation Ways to Just a Talent
The Chinese ancestors have accumulated a serious of experience to just and adopt talents, i.e., five observations.
To observation who to be with: Know more details about his companies. 重用if e groups with talents; be cautious if he together with villain.
To observe how to conduct with: See how he would conduct his fortune. He is not supposed to (be) 重用if he is just satisfy himself, waste fortune and covet self-enjoyment.
To observe how to select: See how he select his potential sub-manager in a leading position. The man who is 任人唯贤，量才录用must be the promising ones who broad in mind and just in business.
To observe what to avoid: Know more about his integrity while in trouble: 若虽身处困境，却不做任何苟且之事，这样的人就可以放心地委以重任。
To observe what to deny: Know more about his choice when he is in poverty. The ideal one is 不取不义之财，甘守清贫，则品性高洁。若见钱眼开，如蝇逐臭，就万不可重用。
14、谦逊是把双刃剑
大学时代，马克·赫德曾被一位老师提名竞争学生会主席。尽管他信心十足，但由于他在回答校方提问时表现得过于谦逊和谨慎，以致与这个职位失之交臂，且在毕业就业时受此影响，未能进入心仪的公司。
虽然马克最终以自己出色的能力被惠普公司聘用，但是他依旧觉得沮丧。他反思了许久，得出了一个结论—自己被所谓的“谦逊”迷惑。失去去了最好的机会。后来，马克凭着自己的能力，出任了惠普的CEO。
那天，董事会来电话，要他参加董事会议。马克觉得会上场景似曾相识。董事们有意让马克接任惠普的CEO，因为在产品宣传与销售问匙上，惠普遇到了难题。
同样一个问题:你有信心把惠普做得更好吗?
马克给出了与上一次不同的回答。他说:“这是毫无疑问的，至少我保证，情况不会像现在这么糟糕!”
事实上，通过考验的马克，表现出了极强的个人能力。自从他出任CEO后，惠普产品多面开花，通过筛选渠道，减少成本，加大宣传，经营业绩稳步增长。
在接受电视采访的时候，主持人问：“有人说，你的形象是儒雅，知性，睿智，谦逊的。的怎么看？”马克着重就“谦逊”谈了自己的见解。他认为，不恰当的“谦逊”是把双刃剑，往往会断了“谦逊者”的发展之路。
马克说：“要做到真正的谦逊，需要明白三点：
首先，谦逊不是自我否定，自我否定只能让你与机会擦肩而过并留下惋惜。
其次，谦逊就是把话说到你的能力值以下，比如你能考A，那么先肯定自己能考B+。
最后，谦逊不是在面对别人质疑.或者面对问题的时候说‘哦，我想我办不到’，而是懂得抓住机会。成功之后，面对别人的赞美时说:‘其实没什么，只要努力，每个人都能做到!”’ Modesty is a Double-edged Sword
In his university time, 马克·赫德was nominated to campaign for the chairman of the Student Union. Tough very confident, he lost the chance for his over modesty and caution when answering questions. This had a bad influence on him when he graduated and seeked his job.
Still dismay, though he was appointed by 惠普公司with excellent ability. He considered for a long time and then came to a conclusion----he was confused by the so----called modesty. Later, for his outstanding ability, he became the CEO.
The other day, the board called him to represent the board meeting. Mark felt the same scene as ever. The reason that the board let Mark e the CEO was that there were some problems in publicity and sale.
The same question: Are you confident to de better job for 惠普?
Then Mark gave the opposite reply than the last time. He said: “it is undoubted that I can promises. At least be better than now. ”
In fact, after trials of tests, Mark did an excellent job. Ever since his nomination, 惠普company produced varies styles of product. Through selecting mediums, decreasing cost, pay attention to publicity, the company’s sales grew steadily.
When being interviewed, the holder asked: “Someone think you are gentle, knowledge, wise and modest. We would like to know your opinion.”Mark expressed his understanding on “modesty”. He insisted that unreasonable modesty is a double-edged sword, which may destroy his future.
He said that to be really modest, keep three points in mind:
Firstly, modesty is not to deny yourself, for it let you lose the chance and feel regret.
Secondly, modesty is to evaluate yourself below your ability umber. For instance, if you can get A, then be sure you can get B+.
Lastly, modesty is not to say “actually, everyone can do that so as you work had” to answer others’ praise.
15、“板”忌短“针”宜长
一个木桶能装多少水，不是由那些长板决定的，而是由那块最短的板决定的，这就是经济学上的“短板原理”。用到一个人身上，短板就是指致命的缺点或弱点。譬如说，一个人哪儿都好，文武双全，能说会道，有能力有水平，可就是沉溺于赌博，那么决定他命运的就不是“哪儿都好”的那些长板，而是赌博这块短板，他最终身败名裂，也许可能就是因为这块短板。
在一个楼房林立的地区，虽然每栋楼房都安有避雷针，但真正和雷电接触能起到避雷作用的，是那根最高的避雷针，其他避雷针基本都是摆设，这就是“避雷针原理”。如果用来比喻一个人，最高的避雷针就是指他的最突出特长，他的最有效的谋生手段。一个多才多艺的人，如果没有一项最能拿出手的技艺，他的多才多艺就只能是漂亮的点缀，没有多大实际用处。
人非圣贤，所以人人都可能有“短板”，一个真正聪明睿智的人，应当尽量补齐自己的“短板”，如果实在不能补齐也要始终对其保持警惕，遏止其发展，千万不要让其成为导致自己人生失败的致命缺点。
另一方面，则要竭力打造自己“最高的避雷针”，不必事事处处和别人比长短，而只在自
己最突出的长项、技术、专业上争高下;不要当行行通行行松的“万金油”，要力争成为某一行业的专家、内行.、权威、大腕。若果如此，“短板”不短，“避雷针”又极高，成功的大门便会一叩即开。（摘自《重庆晚报》陈鲁民/文）
Short Plank, Long Needle
The so-called “短板原理”sys the capacity of a wooden tub is not determined by the long planks, but the shortest one. Applying to a person, the short plank is his shortcome or weak point. Or example, a versatile seems both文武双全，能说会道，有能力有水平，but addicted in gambling, he is then, identifying himself not with those long planks, but the shot ones. Finally, he may 身败名裂. This is maybe his “short plank”.
Among the building forest with 避雷针, it is the highest one that truly make a difference in 避雷, and others made little. This is called “避雷针原理”. If, comparing to a person, the highest 避雷针is his special point and the method to make a living. A versatile without any special points, his techniques are useless and just for decorating.
All human beings are but the ones with shortcome; while a truly smart man is supposed to make up his “short plank” with his all efforts. If impossible, he would better be careful about it and not let it be worse. It is so important to let he know that avoid to fail for this spot.
On the other hand, to make yourself the “highest避雷针” and never bother to compare with others. Instead, it is to be the best with your profession. In addition, never be the Mr. know-it-all, but a professor in a particular field. In this way, no short plank and having high避雷针, you will on your way to success.
16、心情是别人的
好多人认为心情是自己的，其实，心情还是别人的。一段时间，我身体不是很好，感觉烦燥，妻子对我说，身体不好就去看，你这样对身体也没好处啊!你不高兴，喊和孩子能高兴吗?还有一次，父亲说话，我感觉烦。妻子说，既然父亲说了，你就答应，至于你怎么做，还不是你说了算，我们能为老人做什么。只能让他们高兴。我也为此深感内疚。
人刚出生就有了心情。那时，饿了就哭，不隐瞒心情。长大后知道了，心情可以掩盖，可以调节，这才有了面具之说。
按说心情是自己的，自己可以想怎样就怎样，但其实，因为你的心情而影响了别人心情，从这个意义上说，心情就是别人的。如果你能把心情当作是别人的，也许就会多一份责任，少一份任性;多一份理解，少一份固执;多一份关爱，少一份自私;多一份和谙，少一份纷争。Our Mood Belong to Others
Most of us hold that our moods are of ourselves. Actually, our moods belong to others. For a long time, I did not feel well and always upset. My wife comforted me and asked me to see the doctor. “Your condition does matter to yourself. On other condition, how can you make kids feel well when you are not feeling well? Another time, I was so annoyed with the talking of my father. My wife explaining again: “You’d better offer your sincere. As for how to do, you are the master. What we should do is just make them happy.” I deeply regretted for my bad manners.
Man got his own mood ever since his birth. While young, we cried when we hungry and never pretended our secrets. As we grew up, we realized that we can hide our mod and adjust it. It is just like a mask.
To be honest, the mood is our own business, and can express in the way we like to. In fact, since your mood has an influence on others, your mood belongs to others, too. If you hold your mod as others’, then you will be more responsible and less head strong, more understanding and less stubborn, more care and less selfish, more harmony and less dispute.
17、成熟，从不抱怨开始
遇见他，是在一个饭局上。
一落座，他就喋喋不休地抱怨起来：怨公司不好，拼死拼活一个月，拿到手里的工资没多少；怨上司不公，谁擅长拍马就重用谁；怨同事不善，成天勾心斗角明争暗夺……终于，在他暂停抱怨的间隙，我小心翼翼地问了一句：既然工作如此不称心，为什么不跳槽呢？他一愣，奇怪地看了我一眼，似乎在看一个外星人。“跳槽?现在经济这么不景气，往哪里跳？”一这下我算明白了，原来他的工作并非一无是处啊。
散席后。尽管他热情地与我道别，并且特意留下他的电话，但我，却再未联系过他。对我来说，一个怨气冲天的人，是不值得交往的。
不由得想起阿瑟·阿什。这位美国著名的网球名将，在一次输血时感染了艾滋病。对于他的遭遇，许多球迷深表同情，且因此责怪老天对他太不公平。对此，阿瑟·阿什说道：“知今，我身患绝症，我不怨天，也不怪自己；因为我知道有些事人无法左右，当不幸来临时，我们只能面对。”
说得多么好!在这段话里，我们看到了从容，看到了平静，看到了坦荡，看到了豁达，看到了一位成熟男人的风范。然而遗憾的是，在现实生活中，面对困难和挫折，我们听得最多的，还是抱怨：怨苍天不公，怨命运残酷，怨人情冷酷……如果说一个人抱怨之后，他的不满与郁闷能够随风而去，心境能够变得开朗起来，那他的抱怨还算是有价值的。可问题在于，抱怨恰如一股阴冷潮湿的黑雾，足以遮蔽他的眼光迷惑他的心智，最终让佑在自怨自艾的泥潭里越陷越深。
人生就是一段旅程，是一段从青涩走向成熟的旅程。而我相信，真正的成熟，是从不抱怨开始的。
No Complaint, No Maturation
In a restaurant, I met him.
He was grumbling continuously ever since he sat down, complaining his company for little salary after eternally hard working; the unjust of his line manager who merely promote the one ingratiate him with he; the unkind of colleagues for ganging up with and beating someone while pretending to be well with… Finally, I c aught the moment he stopped and enquired him cautiously: since you are so unhappy with your work, why not changing ? he stupefied with a glance to me seemingly an alien “跳槽？Where should I go? You know that the economy is in the boom.” I have got it. Actually, his job was not so terrible.
After the dinner, he said good-bye to me heartily and left me his telephone specially. However, I have never connected him ever. For me, it is out of consideration to make a friend with 一个怒气冲天的人.
It reminds me 阿瑟·阿什, a well-know tennis player in America. He happened to catch the AIDS when he got a blood transfusion. A pile of his fans showed their sympathy and blamed the unjust God. While 阿瑟·阿什declared: “I get a deadly cancer, but a would not complain the God and myself because I know that something we can not run away. I have no choice but to face when the day comes.”
Genius! In his words, there is calmness, magnanimous, open-minded, as well as the demeanors of a mature man. Unfortunately, we complaint everything when we have to face the difficulty and setbacks in reality: we always complaining that the God is unfair; the crucial fate, the grim human beings…It is worth doing if his dissatisfaction go away, depression disappear, feelings become motivational after complaint. But, the problem is, as a mass of shabby and cool fog, the complaint is so misleading that confuses his mind and then drops him deeper and deeper in the muddy.
Life is like a journey, from ignorant to mature. And I believe that truly mature is start from no complaint.
18、你会遇到这些人
第一种导师、教练。他教给你的使用技巧一定的工作经不是书本知识。
第二种，陪练、同路人。任何人的成长都不是学出来的，而是学而习、习而成习惯，练出来的。而在这个过程中，一个人很难坚持下来，你需要一个同路人。他可以是和你有共同兴趣、共周目标的朋友，最好是你生命中所爱的人。
第三种，榜样。他是你人生的标杆，不需要通过机遇，只平要通过努力为就可以达到的榜样。
第四种。敌人。就是那些看不起你的人。拒绝过你的人。人，不到绝境是不会有斗之志的，你要证明他是错的，他会给你真正的动力。
第五种，最重要的人是你自己。这个世界上，失败的人除了天分太差之外，还有以下几点：懒、方向不对、方法不对、不能坚持。如果你自乙做不到，就不要怪别人。（摘自《视野》陈千影/文）
The Man You Will Meet
First: director, coach. He taught you some skills and working experience that beyond your textbooks.
Second: An assistant and accompany. None is merely born to mock, but further learning and practice. In this course, you are hard to be alone and thereby need an accompany. He maybe be your friend with the same interest and goal. It is better your dearest lover.
Third: A model. He is the destination of your life. You maybe be him without opportunity but all your efforts.
Fourth: An enemy, who overlooked you and rejected you. Men are to be encouraged with hopeless situation. To testify your ability and his false, he will create energy for you.
The fifth: the most important person is you. In this world, except for talents, a failure possessed the following characters: laziness, wrong direction, wrong method and short of resistance. You will never blame others if you cannot do on your own.
19. 聪明的熊猫
一只小熊猫摘了一只大南瓜,想把它拿回家.但是这只南瓜太大了,她没有办法把这么大的南瓜带回家.
突然她看见一只狗熊骑着一辆自行车朝她这边来.她看着自行车,跳着说：“有了!我有办法了.我可以把南瓜滚回家去.南瓜好像车轮.
于是她把那瓜滚回家.当她妈妈看到这只大南瓜的时候,很惊讶：“天啊!这么食的南瓜!你是怎么把它带回家来的?”小熊猫自豪地说；“我拎不动它,可是我能滚动它啊!”她妈妈微笑着说：“真聪明啊!记住：只要你肯动脑筋,没有难办的事.
A Clever Panda
A little panda picks up a pumpkin and wants to take it home. But the pumpkin is too big. The panda can’t take it home.
Suddenly she sees a bear riding a bike toward her. She watches the bike. “I know! I have a good idea.” she jumps and shouts happily,“I can roll a pumpkin. It’s like a wheel.”
So she rolls the pumpkin to her home. When her mother sees the big pumpkin, she is surprised, “Oh, my God! How can you carry it home?” the little panda answers proudly,“I can’t lift it, but I can roll it.” Her mother smiled a nd says, “What a clever girl!Use you heard to do something,”
20.《口渴的乌鸦》
一只乌鸦口渴了，到处找水喝。终于，他找到了一个大水罐。
然而，水罐里面的水并不多，他的尖嘴够不到水面，他试了一次又一次，都没有成功。
就在他想放弃的时候，他突然想到一个主意。乌鸦叼来了一块小石子投到水罐里，接着又叼了一块又一块石头放进去。
渐渐地，水面升高了。乌鸦高兴地喝到了水。
寓意：有些东西虽然看起来微不足道，但如果积少成多，便会带来很大变化。
《The Crow and The Pitcher》
A crow felt very thirsty. He looked for water everywhere. Finally, he found a pitcher.
But there was not a lot of water in the pitcher. His beak could not reach it. He tried again and again, but still could not touch the water.
When he was about to give up, an idea came to him. He took a pebble and dropped it into the pitcher. Then he took another and dropped it in.
Gradually, the water rose, and the crow was able to drink the water.
开心一刻（Just for fun）
(一) Lady First
A teacher asked her class. "Is the sentence ' The ox and the cow are in the fields' correct?" Most of the children said: "Yes, it is all right!" And only one little boy said: "No, it is not correct. The lady must be mentioned first."
女士优先
一位老师问班上的学生：”公牛和母牛在田里,这个句子对吗?” 大多数学生回答说：“对,一点不错.” 只有一个小男孩说：“不对,应该先说女士.”
(二)The Reason of Being Late
Teacher: Johnny, why are you late for school every morning?
Johnny: Every time I come to the corner, a guidepost says,' School -- Go Slow'.
迟到的原因
老师：约翰尼,为什么你每天早晨都迟到?
约翰尼：每当我经过学校附近的拐角处,就见路牌上写着‘学校－缓行’.
(三) Where Am I
An Englishman lost his way while he was driving in the countryside. He saw a farmer working in the field nearby, so he went nearer in his car and asked the farmer, "Excuse me, can you tell me where I am?" "Yes, " the farmer looked at him strangely and said, "you are in your car, sir."
我在哪儿
一个英国人在乡下开车时迷了路，他看见一个农民正在附近的地里干活。于是他就把车开过去问那位农民：“劳驾，您能告诉我我现在这是在哪儿吗？”“可以。”农夫奇怪地看了看他，然后说道：“你现在在你的车子里，先生。”
(四) Who Is the Laziest
Father: Well, Tom, I asked to your teacher today, and now I want to ask you a question. Who is the laziest person in your class?
Tom: I don't know, father.
Father: Oh, yes, you do! Think! When other boys and girls are doing and writing, who sits in the class and only watches how other people work?
Tom: Our teacher, father.
谁最懒
父亲：哎，汤姆，今天我跟你们老师谈过，现在我想问你个问题。你们班上谁最懒？
汤姆：我不知道，爸爸。
父亲：啊，不对，你知道！想想看，当别的孩子们都在做作业、写字时，谁在课堂上坐着，只是看人家做功课？
汤姆：我们老师，爸爸。
（五）Fresh Richer
A fresh richer is purchasing coffin in the store for the death．A person asks him：“Which one is better？”He says：“Of course the zinc1)－filled is more durable2)，but the wooden is helpful to the
health．”
新贵
一个新贵在墓葬品商店选购他死时要用的棺材，有人问他：“最好买哪一种？”他说：“镀锌的棺材当然比较耐用，但木制棺材有益于健康。”
（六）Honest
A man who is driving a car stopped by a police officer．The following exchange takes place……. Man：What's the problem，officer？
Officer：You were going at least 75 in a 55 zone．
Man：No，sir，I was going 65．
Wife：Oh，Harry．You were going 80．（Man gives his wife a dirty look．）
Officer：I' m also going to give you a ticket for your broken taillight．
Man：Broken taillight？I didn't know about a broken taillight。
Wife：Oh Harry，you've known about that tail for weeks．（Man gives his wife another dirty look．）Officer：I' m also going to give you a citation for not wearing your seat belt．
Man：Oh，I just took it off when you were walking up to the car．
Wife：Oh，Harry，you never wear your seat belt．
Man：Shut your dang mouth。
Officer：（Turns to the woman）：Ma ' am，does your husband talk to you this way all the time？Wife：No，only when he's drunk．
诚实
警官让一位驾车的男士停下车。随后出现如下的对话：
男士：警官，有什么问题？
警官：你在限速55英里的地段开到至少75英里。
男士：不，长官，是65英里。
妻子：啊，哈里，你刚才开到80英里。（男士瞪了妻子一眼。）
警官：我还要给你张罚单，你的尾灯碎了。
男士：尾灯碎了？你不说，我还真不知道尾灯碎了。
妻子：哦，哈里，几个星期以前你就知道了。（男士又恶狠狠地瞪了她一眼。）
警官：我还要给你张传票，你没系安全带。
男士：噢，你朝我车走过来的时候我才解开的。
妻子：啊，哈里，你从来都不系安全带。
男士：闭上你的臭嘴。
警官：（转向女士）夫人，你丈夫总是这样跟你说话吗？
妻子：不，只有当他醉了的时候。
（七）The reds or the greens？
Two apples up in a tree were looking down on the world．The first apple said，“Look at all those people fighting，robbing，rioting －－no one seems willing to get along with his fellow man．Some day we apples will be the only ones left．Then we'll rule the world．”Replied the second apple，“W hich of us －－the reds or the greens？”
红的还是绿的？
树上的两只苹果俯瞰着世界。第一只苹果说：“瞧瞧这些人吧，争斗、抢劫、骚乱——似乎就没有人愿意与别的人好好相处。总有一天，我们苹果就会成为世上惟一的幸存者。到那时我们就将统治世界。”第二只苹果回答说：“我们中的哪些呢——红的还是绿的？”
（八）These are my jeans
After going on a diet，a woman felt really good about herself－－especially when she was able to fit into a pair of jeans she had outgrown long ago．“Look，look．” she shouted while running
downstairs to show her husband．“I can wear my old jeans again．”Her husband looked at her for a long time，when said，“Honey，I love you，but these are my jeans．”
亲爱的，那是我的裤子
一个妇女在减肥一段时间后自我感觉特别好---特别是当她又能穿上很早以前就穿不上的牛仔裤时。她跑下楼冲她丈夫喊道：“快看，快看。我又能穿上以前的裤子了。”她丈夫看了她好一会儿，然后说：“亲爱的，我爱你。但那是我的裤子。”
（九）Don’t tell her
Two twins went to the kindergarten．“Who's the elder and who's the yo unger one？” asked a nurse．One of them winked and said，“Elder brother，don't tell her．
不要告诉她
两个双胞胎走进幼儿园。“你们两个谁大谁小？”保育员问。
其中的一个眨了眨眼睛说，“哥哥，不要告诉她。”
（十）Lift
An American visiting England walked into a hotel lobby and pushed a button for elevator service．“The lift will be down presently，”said a nearby clerk．
“The lift？”said the American．“Oh，you mean the elevator．”
“No，I mean the lift，”replied the Englishman，annoyed by the American' s arrogance．
“I think I should know what it's ca lled，” said the American．“After all，elevators were invented in the United States．”
“Perhaps，”retorted the Englishman．“But the language was invented here．”
电梯
一位在英国访问的美国人走进酒店大堂，揿下电梯按钮。身旁一位酒店工作人员说道，“Lift 马上就下来。”
“Lift？”美国人问。“哦，你说的是elevator吧。”
美国人的傲慢使英国人感到讨厌，他回答说，“不，我说的是lift。”
“我想我知道它叫什么，”美国人说。“不管怎么说，电梯是在美国发明的。”
“那可能，”英国人反驳说。“但这种语言是在这个国家发明的。”
（十一）The Looney Bin
Late one night at the insane asylum (疯人院）one inmate shouted, "I am Napoleon!"
Another one said, "How do you know?"
The first inmate said, "God told me!"
Just then, a voice from another room shouted, "I did not!"
疯人院
一天晚上，在疯人院里，一个病人说："我是拿破仑！"另一个说："你怎么知道？"第一个人说："上帝对我说的！"一会儿，一个声音从另一个房间传来："我没说！"
（十二）Buy tickets
Tom is a little boy, and he is only seven years old. Once he goes to a cinema. It is the first time for him to do that. He buys a ticket and goes in. But after two or three minutes he comes out, and buys the second ticket and goes in again. After a few minutes he comes out again and buys the third ticket. Two or three minutes after that, he comes out and asks for another ticket. But a girl asks him,“Why do you buy so many tickets? How many friends do you meet?”“No, I have no friends here, but a big woman always stops me at the door and cuts up my ticket.”
买票
汤姆是个小孩，他才7岁。当他去电影院的时候。那时他第一次去。他买了张票进去了。但没过两三分钟他就出来了，然后买了第二张票又进去了。几分钟后他又出来买了第三张票。接着两三分钟后他又出来买票。一个女的问她，“你为什么要买那么多票啊? 你见到了几个
朋友？" "没有，我里面没朋友，但是每当我进门的时候一位大的女人老把我的票给剪了"
（十三）The Boss is the most expensive
There was a guy who went into a shop to buy a parrot. There were three parrots in the shop. One was $5,000; another one was $10,000; and the third one was $30,000.The customer asked the owner, “How come this guy is $5,000? That’s so expensive for this kind of parrot.”The owner said, “Because I have trained him and he can talk .”So the customer asked him, “How about this guy? What can he do that makes him so expensive?”The owner said, “Well, apart from talking, he can also do some amusing actions, like dancing and so on. That’s why he’s so expensive.”Then the customer said,”How about the third one? What can he do that makes him so expensive?” The owner of the shop said “I don’t know. Normally, I have never heard him talk, nor dance, nor whistle, nor sing, nothing at all! But the other two call him ‘The Boss.’”
老板最贵
有个人到一间商店买鹦鹉。店里有三只鹦鹉，其中一只卖五千元，另一只卖一万元，还有一只卖三万元。顾客问老板：“为什么这只要卖五千元？这个价钱对这种鹦鹉来说太贵了！”老板说：“因为我有训练他讲话。”顾客又问：“那这只呢？他会做什么？为什么要卖这么贵？”老板说：“他除了会说话之外，还会表演一些有趣的动作，比如跳舞等等，所以才卖这么贵。”顾客接着又问：“那第三只呢？他会做什么？为什么要卖这么贵？”老板说：“我不知道。我从没听过他讲话、吹口哨或唱歌，也没看过他跳舞，什么都没有！不过另外两只叫他：‘老板”
（十四）Where is the egg?
Teacher: Can you make a sentence with the word "egg"?
Student: Yes. I ate a piece of cake yesterday.
Teacher: Then where is the “egg"?
Student: In the cake, Sir.
鸡蛋在哪里？
老师：你能用“鸡蛋”一词造句吗？
学生：可以。我昨天吃了一块蛋糕。
老师：“鸡蛋”在哪？
学生：在蛋糕里，先生
（十五）The greatest man
Child: My uncle has 1000 men under him.
Man: He is really somebody. What does do?
Child: A maintenance man in a cemetery
小孩：我叔叔下面有1000个人。
男人：他真是一个大人物。他是干什么的？
小孩：墓地守墓人。
（十六）Flies苍蝇
Mr. Smith: Waiter, there's a dead fly in my soup.
Waiter: Yes, sir, I know---it's the heat that kills it.
史密斯先生：服务员，我的汤里有一只死苍蝇．
服务员：是的，先生，我知道了，它是被烫死的．
（十七）Ask for money要钱
Son: Dad, give me a dime.
Father: Son, don't you think you're getting too big to be forever begging for dimes ?
Son: I guess you're right, Dad, Give me a dollar, will you?
儿子：爸爸，给我一角钱。
父亲：儿子，你不认为你已经长大了，不该再老是一角一角地要钱了(该自立了)，不是吗？
儿子：爸爸，我想你是对的，那给我一块钱行吗？
（十八）
"Boy, why have you got cotton-wool in your ear? Is it infected?" "No, sir, but you said yesterday that everything you told me went in one ear and out the other , so I am trying to stop it."
“孩子，你为什么用棉花塞住耳朵？它感染了吗？”
“没有，老师。可是你昨天说你告诉我的知识都是一个耳朵里进，一个耳朵里出，所以我要把它堵在里面。”
(十九)
“I'm sorry ，Madam ，but I shall have to charge you twenty dollars for pulling your boy's tooth .”“Twenty dollars! Why , I understand you to say that you charged only four dollars for such work!”“Yes，but this youngster yelled so terribly that he scared four other patients out of the office .”“对不起，夫人，为您孩子拔牙我要收取20美元。”
“20美元！为什么？不是说好只要4美元。”
“是的，但是你的孩子大喊大叫，把另外四个病人吓跑了。”
（二十）
Teacher：We all know that beat causes an object to expand an cold causes it to contract. Now, can anyone give me a good example?
John：Well, in the summer the days are long, and in the winter the days are short.
老师：我们都知道热胀冷缩的道理。现在，谁给我举个例子？
约翰：嗯，在夏天天都长，在冬天天都短。
（二十一）
The lecturer on evolution had been going on for nearly two hours. Then he started again, and he said "Let me ask the evolutionist a question --- if we had tails like a baboon, where are they?"
"I'll venture an answer, " said an old lady. "We have worn them off sitting here so long.".
教进化论的老师已经滔滔不绝地讲了快两个小时，他的话题又来了：“让我向进化论者提个问题——如果我们曾经像狒狒那样长着尾巴，那么现在尾巴到哪里去了？”
“我来试试看，”一位老太太说。
“该是我们在这里坐这么久把它们磨掉了吧。”
（二十二）A Good Boy好孩子
Little Robert asked his mother for two cents. "What did you do with themoney I gave you yesterday?" "I gave it to a poor old woman," heanswered. "You're a good boy," said the mother proudly. "Hereare two cents more. But why are you so interested in the old woman?""She is the one who sells the candy."
小罗伯特向妈妈要两分钱。
“昨天给你的钱干什么了？”
“我给了一个可怜的老太婆，”他回答说。“你真是个好孩子，”妈妈骄傲地说。“再给你两分钱。可你为什么对那位老太太那么感兴趣呢？”
“她是个卖糖果的。”
（二十三）Drunk醉酒
One day, a father and his little son were going home. At this age, the boy was interested in all kinds of things and was always asking questions. Now, he asked "What's the meaning of the word 'Drunk', dad?" "Well, my son," his father replied, "look, there are standing two policemen. If I regard the two policemen as four then I am drunk." "But, dad," the boy said," there's only ONE policeman!"
一天，父亲与小儿子一块儿回家。这个孩子正处于那种对什么事都很感兴趣的年龄，老是有提不完的问题。他向父亲发问道：“爸爸，‘醉’字是什么意思？”“唔，孩子，”父亲回答说，“你瞧那儿站着两个警察。如果我把他们看成了四个，那么我就算醉了。”“可是，爸爸，”
孩子说，“那儿只有一个警察呀！”
（二十四）Sleeping Pills安眠药
Bob was having trouble getting to sleep at night. He went to see his doctor, who prescribed some extra-strong sleeping pills. Sunday night Bob took the pills, slept well and was awake before he heard the alarm. He took his time getting to the office, strolled in and said to his boss: "I didn't have a bit of trouble getting up this morning."
"That's fine," roared the boss, "but where were you Monday and Tuesday?"
鲍勃晚上失眠。他去看医生，医生给他开了一些强力安眠药。
星期天晚上鲍勃吃了药，睡得很好，在闹钟响之前就醒了过来。他到了办公室，遛达进去，对老板说：“我今天早上起床一点麻烦都没有。”
“好啊!”老板吼道，“那你星期一和星期二到哪儿去了？
名言警句
A bad workman quarrels with his tools. 拙匠常怨工具差。
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。
A bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk. 闻其歌知其鸟，听其言知其人。
A blind man who leans against a wall imagines that it's the boundary of the world. 坐井观天。
A burnt child dreads the fire. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。
Accidents will happen. 天有不测风云。
A clean hand wants no washing. 身正不怕影子斜。
A clear conscience is a soft pillow. 问心无愧，高枕无忧。
A clear conscience is a sure card. 光明磊落，胜券在握。
A clear conscience laughs at false accusations. 白日不做亏心事，夜半敲门心不惊。
A clear fast is better than a dirty breakfast. 宁为清贫，不为浊富。
A close mouth catches no flies. 病从口入，祸从口出。
A cock is valiant on his own dunghill. 夜郎自大。
A contented mind is perpetual feast. 知足常乐。
Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜於雄辩。
A fair face may hide a foul heart. 人不可貌相。
A faithful friend is hard to find. 益友难得。
A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。
After black clouds, clear weather. 否极泰来。
After death, the doctor. 放马後炮。
A good example is the best sermon. 身教胜似言教。
A good fame is better than a good face. 好的名望胜於好的相貌。
A good friend is my nearest relation. 良友如近亲。
A good marksman may miss. 智者千虑，必有一失。
A good maxim is never out of season. 至理名言不会过时。
A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口，忠言逆耳。
A good winter brings a good summer. 瑞雪兆丰年。
A happy heart makes a blooming visage. 心花怒放，笑逐颜开。
A lazy youth, a lousy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
A little is better than none. 聊胜於无。
A little leak will sink a great ship. 千丈之堤溃於蚁穴。
A little spark kindles a great fire. 星星之火，可以燎原。
A little wind kindles, much puts out the fire.适可而止，过犹不及。
1 管道组成件Piping component 1.1 管子Pipe 管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe 管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube 钢管steel pipe 铸铁管cast iron pipe 衬里管lined pipe 复合管clad pipe 碳钢管carbon steel pipe 合金钢管alloy steel pipe 不锈钢stainless steel pipe 奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe 铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe 轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe 锻铁管wrought-iron pipe 无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe 焊接钢管welded steel pipe 电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe 电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe 镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe 热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe 冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe 水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe 塑料管plastic pipe 玻璃管glass tube 橡胶管rubber tube 直管run pipe; straight pipe 1.2 管件Fitting 弯头elbow 异径弯头reducing elbow 带支座弯头base elbow k半径弯头long radius elbow 短半径弯头short radius elbow 长半径180°弯头long radius return 短半径180°弯头short radius return 带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand) 双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow
1.主旨题 (考察理解文中具体信息和概念性的含义的能力） ?识别：题干中出现：subject，summary，topic，title等表达方式的为主题句?实质：对论点和论题提问 ?解题方法： 寻找主题句，主题句通常出现在文章首段首句，或出现在文章开头的转折处或文章开头结束处 主题句特征：主体句通常是一个概括总结性的结论或者判断 寻找主题词：主题句首段末段或全文中多次出现 解题原则：正确选项不能描述太细节，不能包含无依据的信息，应该包含主题词或同义替换词 优先考虑议论文的标题 2.例子证明题（主要考察区分论点和论据的能力） ?识别：题干中出现example，case，illustrate等词 ?解题思路：例子为观点和结论服务，寻找到例子对应观点和结论，通常往上或往下寻找 ?错误选项特征：就事论事，自我总结 ? 3.推理题 ?识别：题干中出现infer，learn,conclude等词 ?分类 a.细节性的推理题(题干中包含具体的定位信息） 理解文中具体信息和概念性的含义的能力 b.段落性的推理题（题干中包含具体段落） 理解文中单句之间，段落之间关系的能力，进行有关的判断，推断和引申的能力 c.全文性的推理题（题干中包含主体词或无定位信息） 理解文章总体结构的能力 ?常考出题点：段落首末段，主题句，观点句，转折处，强调或递进关系的地方
?实质和解题原则：考研推理题本质上还是一种同义改写，推理通常为正反推理和归纳总结 解题原则重在推理原文依据，特别关注转折，选择答案方面，主体大于细节，观点大于论据（意思就是选择原文中对应的总结性句子，而不是论据） 4.细节题：题干中不包含提起题型特征的题为细节题 （考察理解稳重的具体信息和概念性的能力，理解文章的总体解雇以及单句之间，段落之间的关系能力） ?事实识别：问题中出现文章相关的具体信息，可以用相对明显的本文词汇定位 ?因果关系：问题中除了有相对具体的定位信息词外，还有表示因果关系的词汇，要重点把握 ?观点识别：与观点结论有关，通常有suggest，found等引导的宾语从句 ?which题型：问题中没有具体的定位词只出现which提问 解题思路： a.识别题型 b.定位：寻找题干定位词（具体的定位词，因果词，观点词，比较词，原文词汇的替换词）与包含定位词的句子 c.读取： ?分析线索句主干与其他各项的对比（表达方式不同，意思最为接近的为正确选项） ?必要时需要分析线索句的上一句和下一句（支持句） ?当线索句为段落首末段时，支持句为段落的其他句子 d.注意事项：顺序原则（出题顺序和行文顺序基本一致）段落原则（一个段落通常只出现一个细节题，细节题通常不跨段（除非段落间存在指代或明显的逻辑关系） 5.词汇题 (考察上下文推测词义的能力） a.识别：要求对题干中的某个单词，词组或句子的含义进行推测 b.实质：通过上下文确定单词含义 c.解题流程： ?返回原文确定题干位置 ?根据上下文推测含义 ?代入原文，确定答案
色彩常用术语中英文对照 2007-08-06 16:48:16 (已经被浏览7次) 一.红色类红色red 朱红vermeil; vermilion; ponceau 粉红pink; soft red; rose bloom 梅红plum;crimson;fuchsia red 玫瑰红rose madder; rose 桃红peach blossom; peach; carmine rose 樱桃红cherry; cerise 桔红reddish orange; tangerine; jacinth; salmon pink; salmon 石榴红garnet 枣红purplish red; jujube red; date red 莲红lotus red 浅莲红fuchsia pink 豉豆红bean red 辣椒红capsicum red 高粱红Kaoliang red 芙蓉红hibiscus red; poppy red; poppy 胭脂红rogue red ; carmine; cochineal; lake 鲑鱼红salmon 玳瑁红hawksbill turtle red 海螺红cadmium orange 宝石红ruby red 玛瑙红agate red 珊瑚红coral 金红bronze red 铁红iron oxide red 铁锈红rust red 镉红cadmium red 铬红chrome red 砖红brick red 土红laterite; reddle 郎窑红lang-kiln red 均红Jun-kiln red 釉底红underglaze red 威尼斯红Venetian red 法国红French vermilion 茜红alizarin red; madder red 洋红carmine; magenta 品红pinkish red; magenta 猩红scarlet red; scarlet; blood red 油红oil red 紫红purplish red; madder red; wine red; wine; carmine;amaranth; claret; fuchsia;
保留建筑EXISTING BUILDING 已建建筑AS-BUILT 新建建筑NEW BUILDING 道路ROADWAY 绿化LANDSCAPE 汽车流线CAR ACCESS 行人流线WALK ACCESS 消防车流线FIRE BRIGADE ACCESS 货车流线TRUCK ACCESS 自行车流线BICYCLE ACCESS 消防车道FIRE WAY 主出入口MAIN ENTRENCE 保安室NO.1 GUARD HOUSE 主出入口 1 EXIT 1 地下车库出口BASEMENT PARKING EXIT 自行车停车场BICYCLE PARKING 自行车停车位BICYCLE STAND 总停车位CAR PARK 其中INCLUDE 地上停车位AT-GRADE CAR PARK 地下停车位UNDERGROUND CAR PARK 空调管线AIR CONDITIONING 强电电缆LV 10KV 弱电电缆ELV 电缆10KV HV 供水管SUPPLY WATER 污水管WASTE WATER 雨水管RAIN WA TER 消防管线FIRE HYDRANT 西门子(中国)总部SIEMENS CENTER BEIJING 说明NOTE 1.本图依据城市道路高程及市政管线标高等 资料并结合场地排水、场地地形、土方平衡 等因素进行竖向设计。 1.THE DRAWING WITH "VERTICAL HEIGHT DESIGN" IS BASED ON CITY ROADWAY ENGINEERING WITH CITY BUREAU PIPELINE HEIGHT INDICATION DOCUMENT SITE DRAINAGE, SITE TOPOGRAPHY, AND SOIL BALANCE ARE INCORPORA TED INTO THE DESIGN. 2.本图所用坐标系统为北京市城市坐标系统， 所用高程为规划高程。 2.THE DRAWING INCORPORATES BEIJING CITY COORDINA TE SYSTEM. ALL THE INDICATIVE HEIGHTS ARE PLANNING HEIGHTS. 3.图中道路横坡按1.5%设计，最小纵坡为 0.2%。 3.ALL THE ROADWAY INDICATED ON THE DRAWING IS BASED ON 1.5%HORIZONTAL SLOPE.THE SMALLEST VERTICAL SLOPE IS 0.2%. 4.图中标注单位均为米。 4.BASIC UNIT OF MEASUREMENT IS METRIC. 保留建筑EXISTING BUILDING 已建建筑AS-BUILT 新建建筑NEW BUILDING 道路ROADWAY 绿化LANDSCAPE 地下车库入口BASEMENT PARKING ENTRANCE 坡道RAMP 消防车道FIRE WAY 紧急出口EMERGENCY EXIT 3 2#保安室NO.2 GUARD HOUSE 停车场PARKING 工程地点位置图SITE LOCATION 图例LEGEND 自行车停车场BASEMENT EXIT 1 BICYCLE PARKING H=4.8M 地下室出入口 2 BASEMENT EXIT 2 主出入口 4 PARKING EXIT 4 主出入口 1 EXIT 1 道路ROADWAY 实土绿化COMPACTED SOIL LANDSCAPE 敷土绿化DEPOSITED SOIL LANDSCAPE 通风井VENTILATION OUTLET 冷却塔(两组) COOLING TOWER(2 UNITS) 紧急通道EMERGENCY ACCESS 绿地LANDSCAPE 围挡BARRIER 停车场PARKING 地下车库出入口PARKING ENTRENCE 主出入口MAIN ENTRENCE 1#保安室NO.1 GUARD HOUSE 说明NOTE 1.图中所标注建筑尺寸为外墙皮尺寸. 1.DIMENSIONS INDICA TED ON THE PLAN ARE MEASURED TO EXTERNAL EDGE OF THE BUILDINGS. 2.建筑的坐标点为轴线交点坐标. 2.ARCHITECTURE COORDINATES = INTERSECTION OF THE BUILDINGS AXIS. 3.本图以米为单位,%%P0.000相当于绝对标 高37.75. 3.METRIC SYSTEMS ARE THE UNIT OF MEASUREMENT. 4.本项目对周边现状及规划建筑日照影响满 足相关法规及规范要求, 即日照时数满足大寒日最低2小时的日照要 求. 4.DESIGN COMPLIES WITH LOCAL REGULATION OF SUN SHADING TO NEIGHBORHOOD. 保留建筑面积EXISTING BUILDING 容 积率PLOT RATIO 建筑占地面积BUILDING COVERAGE 建筑密度BUILDING DENSITY 绿化面积GREEN AREA 绿地率GREEN RATIO 总人数TOTAL USERS 机动车停车位CAR PARK 地上其辆65 65 LOTS ABOVE GROUND 地下辆564 中INCLUDE UNDERGROUND 564 LOTS 200辆自行车停车位BICYCLE STAND 200 LOTS 地上辆200 200 LOTS ABOVE GROUND 服务中心SERVICE CENTRE 1号办公楼OFFICE 1 地上
Hacker 黑客，最初是指发现网络系统安全漏洞并进行修补的人，而现在多指利用系统安全漏洞对网络进行攻击破坏或窃取资料的人 HomePage 主页，通过万维网(Web)进行信息查询的起始信息页 HTML Hypertext Markup Language超文本链接语言HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol超文本传输协议ICP Internet Content Provider Internet内容提供商ICQ I seek you网上寻呼 Internet国际互联网，因特网 internet 互联网，泛指由多个计算机网络相互连接而成的一个网络 I Phone Internet Phone一种通过Internet进行语音通讯的技术 IP电话利用Internet技术传输话音信号的一种电话 IRC Internet Relay Chat Internet实时网上交谈系统ISP Internet Service Provider Internet服务提供商 MUD Multi-User Dungeon多用户网络游戏 NII National Information Infrastructure 国家信息基础结构，俗称信息高速公 路 POP Post Office Protocol邮局协议 Proxy Server 代理服务器，一种代表客户机转送服务请求的服务器，它也可以通过在送出信息内容前对其进行审查，从而在因特网和专用网之间提供防火墙安全性 PSP Platform Service Provider平台服务供应商 Telnet远程登录 UNINET中国联通互联网 URL Uniform Resource Locator网站地址 VST Virtual Space Teleconferencing虚拟空间会议 Web环球网 WWW World Wide Web万维网 技术标准 Big5台湾流行的汉字内码标准 CMM Capacity Maturity Model 软件过程能力成熟度模型，一种评测软件开发能力与质量的方法 DES Data Encryption Standard数据加密标准 GB国家标准汉字内码GMT Greenwich Mean Time格林威治时间 IEEE Institution of Electrical and Electronics 电气和电子工程师学会（美国） ISO International Standardization Organization 国际标准化组织 ISO 9000一种质量管理标准 JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group 联合图象专家组规范，一种图象压缩 标准 MP3MPEGAudioLayer3一种音乐格式，它能够将CD品质的数字录音压缩成原来的1/12大小，令其容易存储和在网上传输 MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group 一种活动图象和声音的压缩标准，其中MPEG1是最常用的，为VCD所采用，MPEG2则为DVD所采用 Open System Interconnect 开放系统互连，用于各种型号计算机
常用原材料英文缩写与中文名称对照表A 英文缩写全称 A/MMA 丙烯腈/甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物 AA 丙烯酸 AAS 丙烯酸酯-丙烯酸酯-苯乙烯共聚物 ABFN 偶氮(二)甲酰胺 ABN 偶氮(二)异丁腈 ABPS 壬基苯氧基丙烷磺酸钠 B 英文缩写全称 BAA 正丁醛苯胺缩合物 BAC 碱式氯化铝 BACN 新型阻燃剂 BAD 双水杨酸双酚A酯 BAL 2，3-巯(基)丙醇 BBP 邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯 BBS N-叔丁基-乙-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺 BC 叶酸 BCD β－环糊精 BCG 苯顺二醇 BCNU 氯化亚硝脲 BD 丁二烯 BE 丙烯酸乳胶外墙涂料 BEE 苯偶姻乙醚 BFRM 硼纤维增强塑料 BG 丁二醇 BGE 反应性稀释剂 BHA 特丁基-4羟基茴香醚 BHT 二丁基羟基甲苯 BL 丁内酯 BLE 丙酮-二苯胺高温缩合物 BLP 粉末涂料流平剂 BMA 甲基丙烯酸丁酯 BMC 团状模塑料 BMU 氨基树脂皮革鞣剂
BN 氮化硼 BNE 新型环氧树脂 BNS β－萘磺酸甲醛低缩合物 BOA 己二酸辛苄酯 BOP 邻苯二甲酰丁辛酯 BOPP 双轴向聚丙烯 BP 苯甲醇 BPA 双酚A BPBG 邻苯二甲酸丁(乙醇酸乙酯)酯 BPF 双酚F BPMC 2-仲丁基苯基-N-甲基氨基酸酯 BPO 过氧化苯甲酰 BPP 过氧化特戊酸特丁酯 BPPD 过氧化二碳酸二苯氧化酯 BPS 4，4’-硫代双(6-特丁基-3-甲基苯酚) BPTP 聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯 BR 丁二烯橡胶 BRN 青红光硫化黑 BROC 二溴(代)甲酚环氧丙基醚 BS 丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物 BS-1S 新型密封胶 BSH 苯磺酰肼 BSU N，N’-双(三甲基硅烷)脲 BT 聚丁烯-1热塑性塑料 BTA 苯并三唑 BTX 苯-甲苯-二甲苯混合物 BX 渗透剂 BXA 己二酸二丁基二甘酯 BZ 二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌 C 英文缩写全称 CA 醋酸纤维素 CAB 醋酸-丁酸纤维素 CAN 醋酸-硝酸纤维素 CAP 醋酸-丙酸纤维素 CBA 化学发泡剂
碳钢弯头 Carbon Steel Elbow 不锈钢弯头 Stainless Steel Elbow 高压弯头 High-Pressure Elbow 同心异径管 Concentric Reducers 偏心异径管 Eccentric Reducers 高压异径管 High-pressure Reducers 不锈钢等径三通 Stainless Straight Tee 碳钢等径三通 Carbon Straight Tee 不锈钢等径四通 Stainless Straight Cross 高压三通 High-pressure Tee 锻制三通 Forged Tee 异径接头 Template 管帽 Caps 法兰flange 长径和短径弯头 long and short radius elbows 同心和偏心异径接头 concentric and eccentric reducers 等径和异径三通 straight and reducing outlet tees 大小头 CONCENTRIC REDUCER 相等的三通Tee Equal 等径三通Straight Tee 异径三通Reducing Tee 等径四通Straight Cross 90°短半径弯头90°SS Elbow(SR) U型管Return Bend
90°长半径弯头90°SS Elbow (LR) 高压厚壁弯头Thickness Elbow 盲法兰Blank Flange 弯管Bends 翻边stub ends 异径接头reducers 公称通径 nominal diameter 外径(mm) outside diameter 中心距至端面的距离 center to end 理论重量(kg/pcs) approx weight 类种description 标准Standard 类型Design 材质Material 双丝头 Nipple 同心异径短节 SWAGE Nipple 活接头 Union PLUG HEX HEAD六角管堵 PLUG HEX HEAD SCRD六角螺纹管堵 MPT螺纹 RC螺纹螺桩 stud SWAGE (CONC)同 心异径短节 单承口管箍 Half-Coupling 异径管箍Coupling, Reducing 盲板 Blind Flange 带双圈的盲板spectacle blind 偏心的Ecentric 等径直通equal coupling 内牙直通 female coupling 外牙直通 straight tube with outside 90等径弯头 90 equal elbow 45等径弯头 45 equal elbow
Text 4 In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption?conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell.?But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government. The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,”or the former governor’s decisions on “specific”and “unsettled”issues related to his duties. Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found. The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and “nasty.”But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an “official act”. The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery.”The basic compact underlying representative government,”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,”assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.” But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or
血色修道院Scarlet Monestary (SM) 斯坦索姆Stratholme (STR) 通灵学院Scholomance (SCH) 死亡矿井Deadmines (VC) 影牙城堡Shadowfang Keep (SFK) 奥达曼Uldaman (UDM) 黑石深渊Blackrock Depths (BRD) 黑石塔上层Uper Blackrock Spirits (UBRS)(T2) 黑石塔下层Lower Blockrock Spirits (LBRS)(T1) 暴风城监狱The Stockades (Stockade) 沉没的神庙Temple of Atal'Hakkar(The Sunken Temple)(ST) 黑暗深渊Blackfathom Deeps (BFD) 怒焰裂谷Ragefire Chasm (RFD) 哀嚎洞穴Wailing Caverns (WC) 玛拉顿Mauradon (Mauradon) 厄运之槌Dire Maul (DM) 剃刀沼泽Razorfen Kraul(RFK) 剃刀高地Razorfen Downs(RFD) 祖尔法拉克Zul'Farrak(ZF) 祖尔格拉布Zul'Gurub (ZG) 安其拉Ahn'Qiraj (AQ) 安其拉神庙Temple of Ahn'Qiraj (TAQ) 安其拉废墟Ruins of Ahn'Qiraj (RAQ) 通灵学院Scholomance (Scholo) 熔核之心Molten Core (MC) 黑翼之巢Black Wing Lair (BWL) 纳克萨玛斯Naxxramas (NAXX) 裁缝篇： 亚麻布（Linen Cloth） 亚麻布卷（Bolt of Linen Cloth ） 毛料（Wool Cloth） 毛布卷（Bolt of Wool Cloth） 丝绸（Silk Cloth） 丝绸卷（Bolt of Silk Cloth） 魔纹布（Mageweave） 魔纹布卷（Bolt of Mageweave ） 符文布（Runecloth）
考研英语阅读理解试题解题方法及步 骤 考研可以说是人生的一个转折驿站，一次改变命运的艰辛历练。作为考研路上的重要科目--英语，也成为不少考生脚下的牵绊石，而占分数比重的阅读理解，自然也是考试中的重头戏，能否巧妙的用对技巧，灵活应答，成为考生研路中的棘手问题，下面我们就层层推进，分析一下阅读的方法技巧和步骤攻略，揭开这层久未露面的神秘面纱。 一、阅读方法 阅读文章基本方法有3种，一是略读，二是精读，三是寻读。略读是一种快速阅读方法，在非常短的时间内浏览全文获得文章的中心思想和主要事实。精读则是仔细阅读每句话，理解分析其含义，弄清句与句之间的逻辑关系，进而理解整个段落的意思。而寻读则是通过目光扫视，迅速确定你所期望得到的信息的位置。考试中3种基本方法可以用在不同的情况。 通过略读，我们可以了解材料的结构安排和主要信息，利用精读我们可以针对考题中的某些信息或难点做具体细致的解析，而寻读则在解题过程中起着一个定位的作用。 二、阅读步骤 第一步：略读短文把握方向 用尽量短的时间扫视短文，特别留意每段的第一句和末段的最后一句。因为各段的主题句往往在句首，而文章的最后一句很可能是概括总结。略读的目的是掌握短文的主旨大意，做到对全文的内容心中大致有数，有一个思考的方向。 第二步：浏览问题有的放矢 浏览5个问题，揣测出题者出此题的目的并侧重阅读短文相关部分。由于对所问问题及文章主旨都已了解，在阅读时自然会知道哪些地方得细读哪些地方可一带而过甚至跳过不读。
所有问题都是根据文章内容提出的，基本反映并覆盖了文章的主要内容。先阅读问题再阅读全文，这种方法的优点是：可在较短的时间内有针对性地阅读相关内容，便于给相关问题定位，有的放矢，事半功倍。 第三步：分析判断确定答案 在完成上面两步的基础上，对5个问题逐一解答。需要注意的是：要是文章内容涉及自己熟悉的题材和知识范畴，在选项时绝对不能单凭自己的主观判断解决问题。因为文章考的是你对该篇的阅读理解能力，而不是你的某种知识，因此选项不能脱离文章的题意。 对于英语水平相对较低，阅读速度较慢的考生来说，我们建议不妨直接从第二步开始：先浏览所有5道题的题目，对文章所涉及的内容有个粗略的估计或了解，然后逐一解答。先寻读文章的相关部分，然后选择正确答案。如遇到有关文章主旨大意或需要推理的题，可先放一放，等做完其他题再做这类题。先难后易，各个击破。 另外，在阅读过程中，不妨在自己认为比较重要的某些句子或词语（主题句，关键词）下面划线，标上符号，这样有助于突出重点，活跃思维，同时也便于阅读，节省时间，使阅读更加积极，并且对于记忆力稍差的考生而言，记住几个重要句子和信息要比记住全文容易得多了。所以，我们建议对阅读文章中的主要句子和关键词标出记号并重点阅读。 总之，英语水平的提高在于日积月累，冰冻三尺，非一日之寒，一分耕耘就有一分收获！考生一定要多探索，选择适合自己的学习方法，以便更快更全面的提高自己的知识容量及做题方法，从容应对，你就是最后的赢家。
"R，L Co.,Ltd" 模具常用术语中英文对照 模芯Parting Core 局部视图Partial View 冷料# Cold Slag 线切割 Wire 轮廊Contour 螺纹孔 Tapping Hole 连接件 Fittings 斜针Angle Pin 接合Engage 替换镶件Interchangeable Mold Inserts 指定吨位的注塑机Specific Press 水嘴接头Water Fittings 螺纹Eyebolt Thread 回针Stop Pin 二级顶出针Sub-Leaderd Pin 镶件Mold Insert 加硬Harden 唧嘴Sprue 设计筒图Design Preliminary 名称块表Title Block 版本标识Revision Level 材料清单Stock List 制模Build Mold 手动滑块Hand Slide 漏水测试Leak Test 流道排气Runner Vents 抛光Draw Polish 侧抽芯 Side Action 加强筋 Reinforcing
三角撑 Gusset 柱子Bossed 出模斜度Draft 外廊Contour 落单会议Kick-Off Meeting 装卸孔 Handling Hole 运输安全带Moldstrap 码模槽 Clamp Slot 撑头Support Pillar 螺牙1/2-13 Eye Bolt 1/2-13Tap 导柱位 Leader Pin Location 耐落胶 Teflon Paste 偏移量 Offset 水塞Water Line Plug 撬模脚 Ppy Slot 重新加工Reworked 配件Components 补偿Compensation 平面度 Parallel 倒角Chamfer 模胚Mold Base 热嘴Hotnozzle 火花机 Edm 熔接线 Weildline 压机Press 晒纹Texturing 梯形Trapezoid 凸缘、法兰Flange 方铁Spacer Block 顶针板Ejector Plate 顶针底板Ejector Retainer Plate 垫板Retainer Plate
MENU 冷菜Cold Dish 白切鸡Boiled Chicken with Sauce 川北凉粉Clear Noodles in Chili Sauce 夫妻肺片Pork Lungs in Chili Sauce 酱香猪蹄Pig Feet Seasoned with Soy Sauce 老醋泡花生Peanuts Pickled in Aged Vinegar 泡椒凤爪Chicken Feet with Pickled Peppers 五香牛肉Spicy Roast Beef 盐焗鸡Baked Chicken in Salt 炸花生米Fried Peanuts 酱猪肘Pork Hock Seasoned with Soy Sauce 凉拌黄瓜Cucumber in Sauce 糖拌西红柿Tomato Slices with Sugar 糖蒜Sweet Garlic 热菜Hot Dishes 东坡方肉Braised Dongpo Pork 鱼香肉丝Yu-Shiang Shredded Pork 糖醋排骨Sweet and Sour Spare Ribs 毛家红烧肉Braised Pork，Mao’s Family Style 红烧狮子头Stewed Pork Ball in Brown Sauce 回锅肉片Sautéed Sliced Pork with Pepper and Chili 京酱肉丝Sautéed Shredded Pork in Sweet Bean Sauce 酸豆角肉沫Sautéed Sour Beans with Minced Pork 杭椒牛柳Sautéed Beef Filet with Hot Green Pepper 青椒肉丝Sautéed Shredded Pork with Green Pepper 水煮牛肉Poached Sliced Beef in Hot Chili Oil 葱爆羊肉Sautéed Lamb Slices with Scallion 红焖羊排Braised Lamb Chops with Carrots 烤羊腿Roast Lamb Leg 手扒羊排Grilled Lamb Chops 烤羔羊Roasted Lamb
英语阅读理解全解析：阅读理解文章题 材和体裁 感受考研阅读 纵观所有的考研成功经验，几乎每个人都会提到“一定要重视真题”，可见真题对于考研备考的重要性。那么应该如何充分利用真题，研究真题才能让真题作用达到最大化呢？下面将从历年英语阅读真题的题材、体裁以及出题来源等角度全面分析英语阅读。 一、考试题型 阅读理解A部分的文章除2001年为五篇外，从2002年改为四篇，篇幅长度400～500个单词左右，每篇文章四至六段，其中2002年text4是九段，文章中的长难句较多，为了适应考研英语阅读的应试特征，出题人在删节时十分注重文章的宏观结构，宏观阅读时考生应注重把握段落之间的并列转折关系。题干按照大纲要求主要分为六种题型，分别是主旨题，态度题，例证题，词义句意题，推断题，细节题。 二、文章的题材和体裁 纵观历年真题，文章主要选材自一些社会热点问题。主要包括人文类，社会科学类及自然科学类。细分社会科学类又包括经济学，教育学，心理学，传播学类的文章。社会生活类文章在命题中占据了绝大部分，且每年基本都会有一篇经济学类文章，其中2011年考研英语就有三篇经济学文章，2015年则没有出现经济学文章；自然科学和人文科学类文章每年也会必考一篇，人文科学类文章主要是一些人生态度，伦理方面的文章。文章的体裁包括议论文，说明文以及叙述性的文章，其中以议论文占绝大多数，多为分析论证的文章，这种文章一般都有一条主线贯穿全文，且从宏观阅读的角度讲，段落间的逻辑结构明显，便于出题，便于考生把握文章结构。这同攻读硕士学位研究生期间将面对的大量概括性强、抽象思维为主的材料有关。其次说明文今年考察的频率也有所提高。鉴于两种文体的重要性，现对两种文体特点分析如下： 议论文的特点是：(1)写作目的是用论据证明观点或表明态度；(2)文章围绕一个中心展开，且一般文章只有一个中心，论证方式多样，有引证，例证，反面论证，证明论证，各个段落之间关系紧密，无论是哪一种论证方法，都分别是从不同的角度和侧面阐述这一中心； (3)每一段也是围绕一个中心，段落内部句子之间关系紧密。 说明文的特点是以说明为主，一般难以找到一个贯穿全文的观点。此类文章，细节题较多。 三、出题来源 文章多选自英美报刊杂志，实时性比较强，比如2015年的四篇文章就分别选自2014年出版的The Guardian( 《英国卫报》)，2014年的The Washington Post ( 《华盛顿邮报》)，2014年Scientific American ( 《科学美国人》)和2014年6月The Guardian( 《英国卫报》)，能很好的反映当代英语语言的特点。 社科类文章主要来源于：Newsweek(新闻周刊)，Time(时代周刊)，The Washington Post(华盛顿邮报)，The Times (泰晤士报)，The Guardian(卫报)。 自然科学类文章主要来源于：ScientificAmerican(科学美国人)，Science(科学杂志)，Nature(自然)。 经济类文章主要来源于：Business Week(商业周刊)，TheEconomist(经济学家杂志)和Wall Street Journal(华尔街杂志)。
Gredit Account货方科目 Exch Rate兑换率ASAP As soon As possible尽快 FTP File Transfer Protocol文件传递（输）协议CD-ROM compact disc read -only memory只读光盘存储器UV Ultraviolet紫外线 EC Engineering change工程变更 EV Equipment Variance量具变异 AV Appraiser variance作业者变异PV Part variation局部变异 Characteristic Diagram特性要因图 Stratification层别法 Check list查检表 Histogram直方图 Scatter Diagram散布图 Pare to Diagram柏拉图 Control Chart管制图 CEO Chief Executive Officer执行总裁 VIP Very Important Person贵宾 ERP Enterprice Resource Planning企业资源规划MRP I Material Requirement Planning物料需求规划MRP II Maufacturing Resource Planning制造资源规划OA Operation Analysis作业者变异 Gap Analysis差异分析PC Product Control生产分析 MC Material control物料管控 MTS make to--Stock存货式生产ATO assemble-to-order接单式装配ATM Applicotion Implementation应用系统导入方法 Unorder Receipt无订单的收料 Shop floor车间、职场 Shop floor control厂地控制、车间管理Shop floor production control工厂生产管理 Write书写 Observed观察 Read阅读 Listen听 UCL Upper Control Limit管制上限 LCL Lower Control Limit管制下限 Critical defect严重缺点 Minor defect次要缺点 Packing List出货明细 PCB Printed Circuit Board印刷电路板 PCBA Printed Circuit Board Assemblies 印刷电路板总成常用品质术语中英文对照表
五金模具常用专业术语中英文对照表 上模座upper die set成型公form punch 脱料板stripper 垫板subplate/backup plate 下模座die plate滑块CAM slider 垫脚parallel 误检misfeeder 托板mounting plate顶料销kick off 初始管位first start pin带肩螺丝shoulder screw 两用销lifter pin氮气汽缸gas spring 弹簧护套spring cage 拔牙螺丝jack screw 侧冲组件cam section 导正装置guide equipment 漏废料孔slug hole刀口trim line 加强装置enhance equipment 入子insert 护套bushing 整形公restrike forming punch 止挡板stop plate 挂台head 扣位pocket of head 导柱guide post 导套guide bushing 油嘴oil nipple 接刀口mismatch/cookie bites 限位块stop block 挡块stopper 浮块lifter 压块keeper 靠块heel 对正块alignment block 简易模prototype tooling 检具gage/checking fixture 料带图strip layout 闭合高度shut hight 俯视图top view 料带strip 公差tolerance 正视图front view 走位travel 避位/空pocket 退磁demagnetization 间隙clearance 真空热外理vacuum heat treatment 镗孔mill hole 表面外理surface coasting 镀钛TD coasting 沉头counter sink 精锣finish mill 线割wire cutting 穿丝孔first wire hole 斜度taper 镭射laser-cut 上夹板/固定座holder/retainer 下模座lower die set 成刑母公forming die 电火花EDM 码模槽mounting slot 球锁紧固定座ball-lock 导尺rail 球锁紧凸模BALL--LOCK 送料板rail plate 外购out sourcing 倒角chamfer 清角SCRAP CHOPPER 销钉dowel 尖角sharp --angle 普通弹簧coil spring 展开图EXPENSINg DWG 三打螺丝spool 镶件insert 毛刺burr 键销key 插针pilot pin