UL746D Polymeric Materials–Fabricated Parts
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UL Standard for Safety for Polymeric Materials–Fabricated Parts,UL746D
Sixth Edition,Dated May28,1998
Revisions:This Standard contains revisions through and including November25,2008.
Summary of Topics
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This Standard consists of pages dated as shown in the following checklist:
Page Date 1-4........................................................................November25,2008 5...............................................................................June14,2000 6-11.............................................................................May28,1998 12-13......................................................................December12,2003 14-17............................................................................May28,1998 18.........................................................................December12,2003 19-20............................................................................May28,1998
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MAY 28,1998
(Title Page Reprinted:November 25,2008)
1UL 746D
Standard for Polymeric Materials –Fabricated Parts
The ?rst edition was titled Molded Plastic Parts for Use in Devices and Equipment
and numbered UL 746.4.
First Edition –August,1974
Second Edition –March,1978
Third Edition –March,1980
Fourth Edition –May,1983
Fifth Edition –May,1993
Sixth Edition
May 28,1998
The most recent designation of ANSI/UL 746D as a Reaffirmed American
National Standard (ANS)occurred on November 25,2008.The ANSI approval for
this standard does not include the Cover Page,Transmittal Pages,Title Page,or
effective date information.
This ANSI/UL Standard for Safety consists of the Sixth Edition including revisions
through November 25,2008.
The Department of Defense (DoD)has adopted UL 746D on November 3,1988.
The publication of revised pages or a new edition of this Standard will not
invalidate the DoD adoption.
Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be
submitted to UL at any time.Proposals should be submitted via a Proposal
Request in UL’s On-Line Collaborative Standards Development System (CSDS)
at https://www.doczj.com/doc/5e30031.html,.
UL’s Standards for Safety are copyrighted by UL.Neither a printed nor electronic
copy of a Standard should be altered in any way.All of UL’s Standards and all
copyrights,ownerships,and rights regarding those Standards shall remain the
sole and exclusive property of UL.
COPYRIGHT ?2008UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.
ANSI/UL 746D-2003
(R2008)
NOVEMBER25,2008 2
POLYMERIC MATERIALS–FABRICATED PARTS-UL746D
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NOVEMBER25,2008POLYMERIC MATERIALS–FABRICATED PARTS-UL746D3 CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
1Scope (5)
2Glossary (5)
3References (6)
3.1General (6)
3.2Related Standards (6)
4Details (7)
MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS
5Additives (12)
6Rework (13)
7Combined Resins (13)
8Regrinds (15)
9Co-Molding (15)
10Recycled Plastic (17)
MARKING
11Details (19)
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INTRODUCTION
1Scope
1.1These requirements cover a program applicable to parts that have been molded or fabricated from polymeric material and describe the material-identity control system intended to provide traceability of the material used for the polymeric parts through the handling,molding or fabrication,and shipping operations.Guidelines are also provided for acceptable blending or simple compounding operations that may affect risk of?re,electrical shock,or injury to persons.
1.2This program is intended to provide quick veri?cation of material identi?cation by means of an identi?cation marking on the part,or on the carton in which the part is shipped,or in a speci?cation sheet placed within the shipping carton with the part.This program is intended to eliminate the uncertainty of the polymeric material identity in the end-use product and to reduce the possibility of?eld problems caused by the use of incorrect compounds.
1.3The polymeric-material identity program covered by this standard is intended to provide traceability for molded?nished parts(that is,enclosures,internal equipment parts,and the like)that are to be factory-installed components of other equipment where the acceptability of the combination is to be determined.
1.4This program is not intended for manufacturing operations that add colorants or other additives to plastic materials using hot-compounding techniques that subject the material to an additional heat history and ship pellets as?nished parts.This program is not intended to provide traceability for polymeric materials that are intended for?eld installation.
1.5Requirements and methods for the evaluation of metallized or painted parts are contained in the Standard for Polymeric Materials–Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations,UL746C,and the requirements for Polymeric Materials–Short Term Property Evaluations,UL746A.Reference should be made to the applicable individual product standard for performance requirements covering the part or assembly.
1.6A product that contains features,characteristics,components,materials,or systems new or different from those covered by the requirements in this standard,and that involves a risk of?re or of electric shock or injury to persons shall be evaluated using appropriate additional component and end-product requirements to maintain the level of safety as originally anticipated by the intent of this standard.A product whose features,characteristics,components,materials,or systems con?ict with speci?c requirements or provisions of this standard does not comply with this standard.Revision of requirements shall be proposed and adopted in conformance with the methods employed for development,revision,and implementation of this standard.
1.6revised June14,2000
2Glossary
2.1For the purposes of this Standard the following de?nitions apply.
2.2CO-MOLDING–The process of injecting or extruding two or more materials into a single mold using two or more plasticizing cylinders or through a single dye being fed by separate extruders either simultaneously or in sequence.
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2.3FABRICATOR–Performs such?nishing operations as machining,drilling,painting,plating, assembly,hot stamping,and the like.
2.4GENERICALLY–SIMILAR MATERIALS–Materials having the same basic chemical constituents and structure but differing in the amounts of?llers,modi?ers,and/or reinforcements.
2.5LET-DOWN RATIO–The proportion by weight of additive or concentrate to the base resin material. The maximum let-down ratio is the highest permissible proportion by weight of the additive or concentrate to the base resin material.The minimum let-down ratio is the lowest permissible proportion by weight of the additive or concentrate to the base resin material.
2.6MOLDER–Performs injection,extrusion,transfer,compression,rotational,co-molding, thermoforming,reaction injection molding,pultrusion,open mold or hand lay-up processes.
2.7POLYMERIC MATERIAL–A compound formed by chemical reaction that results in large molecules whose molecular weight is a multiple of that of the original substance(monomer).Includes thermoplastic, thermoset,and elastomeric materials.
2.8RECYCLED PLASTICS–Those plastics composed of post-consumer material or recovered material only,or both,that may or may not have been subjected to additional processing steps of the types used to make products such as recycled-regrind,or reprocessed or reconstituted plastics.
2.9REGRIND–A noncontaminated product or scrap such as sprues and runners that have been reclaimed by shredding and granulating for use in-house.
2.10RECONSTITUTED PLASTIC–A material made by chemical or thermal breakdown of plastic waste into components followed by their conversion into a?nal composition by chemical action.
2.11REPROCESSED PLASTIC–Regrind or recycled-regrind material that has been processed for reuse by extruding and forming into pellets or by other appropriate treatment.
3References
3.1General
3.1.1Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this Standard shall be interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.
3.2Related Standards
3.2.1The requirements for tests for?ammability of plastic materials for parts in devices and appliances, UL94,covers?ammability of polymeric materials used for parts in devices and appliances.The Standard for Polymeric Materials–Short Term Property Evaluations,UL746A,contains short-term test procedures to be used for the evaluation of materials used for parts intended for speci?c applications in electrical end products.The Standard for Polymeric Materials–Long Term Property Evaluations,UL746B,contains long-term test procedures to be used for the evaluation of materials used for parts intended for speci?c applications in end products.Test procedures are provided in the Standard for Polymeric Materials–Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations,UL746C,for the evaluation of polymeric materials in speci?c applications in end products.The test procedures include reference to the data obtained from the standard property tests in UL746A,as well as other practical means of evaluation.
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3.2.2Requirements for materials that have been modi?ed to match the requirements of a speci?c application,including the use of recycled and regrind materials,the use of additives and colorants,and the blending of two or more materials,are described in this Standard.
4Details
4.1The molder/fabricator of the polymeric-material parts shall maintain records that facilitate tracing the identity of the polymeric material used in the molding/fabrication of the parts from its receipt from the material supplier,through storage,handling,molding,?nishing operations,and shipping.See Figure4.1. Exception:Records covering subcontracted fabrication processes are not required if the markings described in Details,Section11are permanently molded into,or applied to the part,and the integrity of the marking is intact after all fabrication processes.
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Figure4.1
Example of a material-identity control system as described in section
4
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4.2The following is an example of the records that may be maintained by the molder/fabricator to comply with the requirements in4.1.
a)Purchase Order–Orders part or assembly from a molder/fabricator.This form generally is to
include the following entries:
1)Name of end-product manufacturer or designated party(consignee).
2)Purchase order number.
3)Part(assembly or drawing)number and/or name.This item is to specify the material
to be used for production of the component.
4)Quantity ordered.
5)Date.
b)Internal Record of Purchase Order–Transfers information from purchase order to
molder’s/fabricator’s in-house records.This form is to include the following entries:
1)Name of end-product manufacturer or designated party.
2)Purchase order number.
3)Internal work order number.See4.3
4)Part(assembly or drawing)number and/or name.
5)Quantity ordered.
6)Date.
c)Material Delivery Receipt–Records receipt of material from which?nished parts are
molded/fabricated.The following entries are to correlate with like entries on the Material Inventory:
1)Material manufacturer’s name or trade name.
2)Material designation.
3)Quantity delivered.
4)Date delivered.
d)Material Inventory(See4.6)–Records quantity of material in storage as well as receipts and
withdrawals.The following entries are to correlate with like entries on the Material Delivery Receipt and Material Draw:
1)Material manufacturer’s name or trade name.
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2)Material designation.
3)Quantity delivered.
4)Date delivered.
5)Quantity withdrawn.
6)Date withdrawn.
e)Material Draw–Records withdrawal of material from inventory for part molding/fabrication. The following entries are to correlate with like entries on the Material Inventory.The date of withdrawal is to approximate the molding/fabrication date on the Parts Identi?cation.
1)Material manufacturer’s name or trade name.
2)Material designation.
3)Quantity withdrawn.
4)Date withdrawn.
f)Job Card–Records details regarding molding/fabrication of?nished parts.The following entries are to correlate with like entries on the Purchase Order,Internal Record of Purchase Order,and Parts Inventory.The date of molding/fabrication is to approximate the molding/fabrication date on the Parts Identi?cation.
1)Part(assembly or drawing)number and/or name.
2)Internal work order number.See4.3.
3)Material manufacturer’s name or trade name.
4)Material designation.See5.2for material modi?cations and8.4for parts containing
regrind.
5)Quantity of parts produced.
6)Date produced.
g)PARTS INVENTORY–Records quantity of?nished parts in storage as well as additions and shipments.The following entries are to correlate with like entries on the Job Card(additions)and Invoice(shipments).The added date is to approximate the molding/fabrication date on the Parts Identi?cation:
1)Part(assembly or drawing)number and/or name.
2)Internal work order number.See4.3.
3)Quantity added.
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4)Date added.
5)Quantity withdrawn.
6)Date withdrawn.
h)Invoice–Records shipment of?nished parts.The following entries are to correlate with like
entries on the Purchase Order,Internal Record of Purchase Order,Job Card,and Parts Inventory:
1)Name of end-product manufacturer or designated party.
2)Part(assembly or drawing)name and/or number.
3)Quantity shipped.
4)Date shipped.
i)Parts Identi?cation–See4.4and Marking,Section11.
1)Molder’s/fabricator’s name.
2)Assigned designation.See4.5.
3)Part(assembly or drawing)number and/or name.
4)Molding/fabrication date.
5)Material manufacturer’s name or trade name.
6)Material designation.
4.3The molder/fabricator may elect to represent the name of the end-product manufacturer or designated party;purchase order number;assembly,part or drawing number;and/or part name,by an internal code or work-order number on the molder/fabricator in-house records.
4.4When an assembly consists of two or more polymeric parts,complete material identi?cation is to be provided for each component part.
4.5If subassemblies of the complete device are manufactured at locations where traceability cannot be evaluated,the assigned designation shall not be used(see11.1).
4.6A material may be used for products not covered by the material-identity traceability system as well. The quantities necessary for these products may be ordered or withdrawn on the same records as the material necessary for the products that do fall under the traceability system.
4.7The records indicated in4.1are to be maintained on a ready-access basis for at least3months and in storage for at least2years.
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MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS
5Additives
5.1The molder/fabricator shall not employ colorants,?ame retardants,?llers,mold-release lubricants, color concentrates,dyestuff,chemical blowing agents or reinforcements or any combination in conjunction with the polymeric material unless the additive or concentrate is tested and found not to adversely affect the critical properties of the material.If an additive or concentrate of unknown performance is employed, the assigned designation mentioned in11.1shall not be used.
Exception No.1:Mold-release lubricants that are applied directly to the mold die may be employed without additional tests for materials that have been classed HB in accordance with the requirements for tests for ?ammability of plastic materials–for parts in devices and appliances,UL94.A mold-release lubricant may be used with a material classed V-2or better provided that the results of testing indicate that UL94?ammability classi?cation remains unchanged when the lubricant is applied to either molded bar specimens or molded parts of material from the same generic material type.
Exception No.2:Chemical blowing agents may be employed to eliminate sink marks on?nished parts if the speci?c gravity of the?nished part is not less than95percent of the speci?c gravity of the unfoamed material.This exception does not apply to rigid foamed materials that generally result in a much lower density than the unfoamed material.
Exception No.3:Dyestuff that is suspended in water may be used by a molder/fabricator to apply color to the outer surface of a molded part made from materials classed HB or from unpigmented nylon that has been classed HB or V-2in accordance with the requirements for tests for?ammability of plastic materials for parts in devices and appliances,UL94.
Exception No.4:Color concentrates,colorants and dyestuff that have been classed HB or better when used in a generic material category,may be dry-blended without additional tests with polymeric materials that have been classed HB from the same generic material category.The molder/fabricator may dry-blend a color concentrate,colorant or dyestuff with a material classed V-2or better provided that the UL94?ammability classi?cation remains unchanged when the color concentrate,colorant or dyestuff is let-down into the speci?c grade of base resin material.The molder/fabricator may dry-blend color concentrate, colorant or dyestuff in a let-down ratio that is equal to or less than the maximum let-down ratio maintained and reported for the pigmented molded bar specimens or parts that are subjected to the UL94?ammability test.
Exception No.5:The molder/fabricator may dry-blend a?ame retardant concentrate into a speci?c grade of a base resin material in a let-down ratio that is equal to or greater than the minimum let-down ratio maintained and reported for the samples that were subjected to the UL94?ammability test to obtain the indicated?ammability classi?cation.
5.1revised December12,2003
5.2If acceptable additives are employed,the job card described in4.2(f)shall describe the nature and quantity of the additive or concentrate.
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6Rework
6.1The molder/fabricator shall not employ any compounds or other materials to repair voids,cracks, de?ciencies or other defects in molded parts,unless the repair compound or material and the repair process have been evaluated and found not to adversely affect the critical properties of the material or molded parts.
7Combined Resins
7.1Materials can be formulated to match the requirements of a speci?c application.Tumble blending of two materials of the same approximate particle size is a method that a molder/fabricator may employ to customize the compound for the speci?c application.The requirements of this section cover particulate blending of molding powders and pellets by dry,cold compounding techniques.Figure7.1illustrates the requirements described in7.4–7.6.
7.2These requirements do not apply to co-molding materials.Co-Molding,Section9,describes requirements for co-molding operations.
7.3This Section provides guidelines on the development of criteria that may be used to evaluate combined materials if small-scale-test data is available using the methods described in the Standard for Polymeric Materials–Short Term Property Evaluations,UL746A.The?nished part shall possess minimum property levels and a relative thermal index that is considered acceptable for the application as described in the Standard for Polymeric Materials–Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations,UL746C; Polymeric Materials–Long Term Property Evaluations,UL746B;or as described in the speci?c product standard.
7.4Two generically similar materials produced by the same manufacturer that are classed HB in the minimum part thickness when tested in accordance with the requirements for tests for?ammability of plastic materials for parts in devices and appliances,UL94,may be dry blended in any portion by the molder/fabricator without further testing.The blended material is to be considered to have properties and a relative thermal index that are not better than the performance of either of the individual constituents on a property-to-property basis.
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Figure7.1
Test considerations for combined resins UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL –
UL认证名词解释 Accreditation 认证 使一方或多方得以认证另一方执行特定活动能力的过程。寻求认证的单位必须符合特定规范的要求，同时通常需要经第三方之稽核以展现其符合这些要求。ISO/IEC 指南及标准便包含UL所获得认证时之规范。 Agent or Agencies 代理人或代理商 经申请者指定并授权执行业务之个人或公司(行号)。 "AL" Listing, Classification or Recognition 「AL」列名、分级或认可 当UL档案建立时,申请者与列名者并非同名的情况;这需取得申请者提供之申请表,并且经列名者授权。 Applicant 申请者 向UL申请组件、产品或系统认证之公司或个人。申请方依据合约必须必须承担产品测试与追踪服务相关费用，同时也有权使用测试结果之信息。 Applicant File 申请者档案 依申请者名称建立，供特定产品类别用之档案，档案内包括书信、报告与资料。(请见File Number, 档案编号)。 Application 申请书 以申请表格(或其它授权文件) 向UL申请进行产品测试之书面要求，以决定产品是否符合UL列名服务(或其它)及后续检验服务或其它服务所需之要求，例如"预测试"或" 真相调查作业)"或"研究项目"。 Application Form 申请表格 由UL所提供的表格，其中并说明UL接受申请者之申请合约条款与条件。 Authorization Page 授权页 UL 后续检验程序书的第一页，授权使用UL标志。授权页说明申请者、列名者、制造商之姓名、地址与识别标志，以及UL产品类别(CCN)。 Bulletin Subscription Service 告示订阅服务 UL会将对UL标准书进行讨论所发行的公告,或议订中之UL标准书初版的公告, 分发给付费的客户。本服务仅限于接收标准改版服务(Revision Subscription Service)之客户。 Category Control Number (CCN) 类别管制编号 系指一套依英文字母排列之系统，用来指定及辨别UL列名信息系统(Listing Information System, LIS)中涵盖之个别产品类别。 CB Scheme CB 体系 促进国际贸易之系统。此系统会协助参与国内不同安全认证组织，针对特定产品类别之测试建立共识。UL 的特定产品类别便参加了CB 体系。 Certification Mark 认证标志 各类认证标志之通称，包括UL 列名标志、分级标志、认可组件标志与认可标志等。制造商若经授权许可使用UL认证标志，便象征该制造商所生产之产品在生制造时依据UL适用之规范，同时受UL后续检验服务之监督。
UL认证 简介 UL主要从事产品的安全认证和经营安全证明业务，其最终目的是为市场得到具有相当安全水准的商品，为人身健康和财产安全得到保证作出贡献。就产品安全认证作为消除国际贸易技术壁垒的有效手段而言，UL为促进国际贸易的发展也发挥着积极的作用。 UL认证 UL始建于1894年，初始阶段UL主要靠防火保险部门提供资金维持动作，直到1916年，UL 才完全自立。经过近百年的发展，UL已成为具有世界知名度的认证机构，其自身具有一整套严密的组织管理体制、标准开发和产品认证程序。UL由一个有安全专家、政府官员、消费者、教育界、公用事业、保险业及标准部门的代表组成的理事会管理，日常工作由总裁、副总裁处理。目前，UL在美国本土有五个实验室，总部设在芝加哥北部的Northbrook镇，同时在台湾和香港分别设立了相应的实验室。在美国，对消费者来说，UL 就是安全标志的象征，全球，UL是制造厂商最值得信赖的合格评估提供者之一。 UL标志简介 UL标志样式 UL标志通常标识在产品和（或）产品包装上，用以表示该产品已经通过UL认证，符合安全标准要求。组成 这些标记最重要的组成部分就是UL的图案符号，这些符号都是UL的注册商标，如图2所示。 UL标志使用要求 1.注册商标的最小高度应为3/64英寸。 2.当UL标记的外圆直径小于3/8英寸时，注册商标符号如果在裸视下不清晰可读就可忽略。 3.标记可用冲压、制模、墨印、丝网印或类似方法直接且固定在不变的产品上。 4.标志的获取：制造商可以翻印或从UL授权经销商处获得。 5.ULus标志（只有us，没有c）：产品进入美国市场的安全标志；cUL（只有c，没有us）：产品进入加拿大市场的安全标志；cULus标志：产品进入美国市场和加拿大市场的安全标志服务项目 UL的产品认证、试验服务的种类主要可分为列名、认可和分级。
listing 英[?l?st??]美[?l?st??] n. 列表; 名单; AL" LISTING(多重列名或认可) agent 英[?e?d??nt] 美[?ed??nt] n. 代理人; 代理商; 特工; 药剂; vt. 由…作中介; 由…代理; adj. 代理的; AGENT(代理) appeal 英[??pi:l] 美[??pil] n. 上诉; 呼吁; [体育] 诉请; （迫切的）要求（帮助、同情等）恳求; vi. （迫切）要求; 有吸引力; 求助（于）; 提请注意; vt. 将…移交上级法院审理; procedure 英[pr??si:d??(r)] 美[pr??sid??] n. 程序，手续; 工序，过程，步骤; 诉讼程序，（议会的）议事程序; 〈罕〉进行; APPEALS PROCEDURE(申诉程序) appendix 英[??pend?ks] 美[??p?nd?ks] n. 附录; 阑尾; 附加物; APPENDIX(附页) applicant 英[??pl?k?nt] 美[??pl?k?nt] n. 申请人，求职人; 请求者; APPLICANT(申请人) authorization 英[??:θ?ra??ze??n] 美[??:θ?r??ze??n] n. 授权，批准; 批准（或授权）的证书; AUTHORIZATION PAGE(授权页) category 英[?k?t?g?ri] 美[?k?t?g?:ri] n. 类型，部门，种类，类别，类目; [逻，哲] 范畴; 体重等级; CATEGORY CONTROL NUMBER(类别控制号) component 英[k?m?p??n?nt] 美[k?m?po?n?nt] n. 成分; 组分; 零件; [数] 要素; adj. 成分的; 组成的; 合成的; 构成的; COMPONENT(零部件) CONTROL NUMBER(控制号) identification 英[a??dent?f??ke??n] 美[a??d?nt?f??ke??n] n. 认同; 鉴定，识别; 验明; 身份证明; FACTORY IDENTIFICATION(工厂标识)
美国UL认证标志及常用标准 转载 美国UL认证标志及常用标准 UL 是美国保险商协会安检实验所（ Underwriter Laboratories Inc. ）的简写。成立于 1894 年，是一家产品安全测试认证机构。目前 UL 共有近 800 多套标准，其中 75% 被美国国家标准化组织（ ANSI: American National Standard Institute ）采用。 UL 安全认证分三种：认可，列名，分级，三种方式标志不一样 UL 列名标志 UL 分级标志 UL 认可零部件标志 性质：自愿性自愿性自愿性 标准要求：安全安全安全 工厂检查：需要需要需要 电压：120/240V ( 单相 )208/240V ( 三相 ) 频率：60Hz 产品名称 UL 标准附注 电线、电缆、通讯线 UL1582 电线插头 UL817 包插带插头电源线 塑料 UL94 746A、B、C 包括油墨、线路板材等 线路板 UL796 塑料加工厂 UL7460 影音视听产品 UL6500/UL60065 包括电视机、 DVD 、音响等 办公室设备 UL1950/UL60950 包括显示器、碎纸机、开关电源、电话机、传真机、电脑、 Modem 、手机充电器等 节能灯 UL1993,935 荧光灯镇流器 UL935 Class 2 电源 UL1310 包括 2 类变压器、开关电源等 2 、 3 类变压器 UL1585 包括环形变压器，低压灯变压器 电视机用高压器件、热敏元件 UL1413 包括高压包 FBT ，高压聚焦电位器， PTC ， NTC 显像管座，偏转线圈，消磁线圈等 影音类用变压器 UL1411 显象管 CRT UL1418 可移动灯饰 UL153 包括台灯，落地灯 固定灯饰 UL1598 包括天花灯，壁灯，吊灯等 圣诞灯 UL588 包括配件 柔性霓虹灯 ULSubject 2388 小夜灯 UL1786 Edison-Base Lampholders UL496 荧光灯起辉器 UL542 风扇 UL507 包括吊扇，台扇，夹扇， DC Fan 等 开关 UL20 包括墙上开关，线上开关 特殊用途开关 UL1054 包括仪器开关，线上开关等 定时器 UL917 微波炉 UL923 包括其高压二极管 插头插座 UL498 通讯产品配件 UL1863 包括电话插座等 接线柱 Tenninal Block UL1059 接线端子 Conncctor UL486 压敏电阻 UL1449 延长线插板 UL1449 工业电气 UL508 包括整套机器设备，断路器，接触器，继电器等工业机器控制板 UL 508A
主页> 关于UL > UL 和标签> UL 标志- 外观和意义 UL 标志- 外观和意义 亚洲 指定产品的PSE 标志 PSE 标志适用于日本，是依照日本电器和原料安全法(DENAN) 认证的一种强制性认证标志，由日本经济产业省(METI) 进行管理。受DENAN 法律管制的产品分为指定产品和非指定产品两类。指产品必须有合格性评定机构出具的认证证书并使用PSE 标志，而非指定产品必须通过使用自我声明的方式来表明符合强制要求，但不要求必须具有METI 合格性评定机构出具的证书。METI 认可UL 旗下公司提供强制性的日本PSE 标志。 S-标志 S-标志是日本管理电气产品时采用的自愿性安全认证计划。该计划始于1995 年7 月，同时实施了Japanese Product Liability Law（日本制造物责任法），并放宽了Electrical Appliance and Material Control Law（电器及材料控制法）的限制。由加入日本电机与电子器具及零件安全认证指导委员会（Steering Council of Safety Certification for Electrical and Electronic Appliances and Parts of Japan，SCEA）的第三方认证机构（例如UL Japan, Inc.）管理此项认证。 欧洲 D 标志
D 标志是一种自愿性安全认证标志，由UL International Demko A/S 注册并提供。该标志已问世70 余年，在欧洲广为消费者、零售商和制造商所熟知。 D 标志证明认证产品符合以下标准的要求： ?协调标准(Harmonized standards) ?国内与国际标准 ?其他认可标准 ?以上标准中构成D 标志认证基础的其他相关部分 UL-EU 标志 UL-EU 标志是一种在欧洲市场使用的自愿性产品安全标志。如果产品上贴有这一标志，即表明UL 认定该产品的代表性样品符合UL-EU 标志服务的要求。上述要求主要以欧洲(EN) 标准为基础。这个验证的范围已清楚地在相关的证书上注明，如要获得此证书的相关信息，请与UL客户服务部或生产制造商联系。 此标志将适用于将在欧洲使用的电器电子产品及其零部组件。带有UL-EU 标志的产品都属于UL 工厂检验项目之列，以验证带有UL-EU 标志的终端产品和组件在制造过程中是否持续符合UL-EU 标志服务要求。 产品上的UL EU 标志包含两个必要元素: ?圆形标记中的UL 字样 ?圆形标记中的UL 字样下面的"EU"字样。 此外，制造商标识（即公司名或商标）以及产品型号必须始终与UL-EU 标志出现在同一标签上。或者，如果产品上已显示了制造商标识以及产品型号，则可将UL-EU 标志压印、铸造或浇铸于该产品上。符合此项目以及面向美国和加拿大地区的UL列名服务的产品，有资格使用组合标志作为替代。 ENEC 标志 ENEC（欧洲标准电气认证）标志是在欧洲广受认可的自愿性认证标志，适用于灯具及相关组件、家用电器、消费电子产品、信息技术设备、安全变压器、耦合器和连接装置、控制器和开关、电容和滤波器等。它表明所认证的产品符合欧洲协调标准。除灯具只面向欧洲的制造商之外，ENEC 项目适用于世界各地的申请人。UL International Demko A/S 经授权提供带有认证机构代码15（代表丹麦的认证机构）的ENEC 标志。 UL功能安全标志
UL认证LED电源定义及标准 UL认证LED电源是一种与安全鉴定相关的认证，起源于美国保险商实验室。UL是美国保险商实验室的简写（Underwrites Laboratories Inc.），它是世界上最大的从事安全试验和鉴定的民间机构之一。在100多年的发展过程中，其自身形成了一套严密的组织管理体制、标准开发和产品认证程序。是一个独立的、非盈利的、为公共安全做试验的专业机构。它采用科学的方法来研究确定各种材料、装置、产品、设备、建筑等对生命、财产有无危害；确定和编写、发行相应的标准和有助于减少及防止造成生命财产受到损失的资料。同时开展调研业务，对产品的安全认证和经营安全证明业务，它最终的目的是为市场提供具有相当安全水准的商品。 UL作为一个独立的第三方检验机构，其组成人员也是有特色的，它是由安全专家、政府官员、消费者、教育界、公用事业、保险业及标准部门的代表所组成的理事会管理。UL业务范围覆盖了70多个国家和地区，每年有16500种7.7万次的产品检验任务。同时每年有48万次的工厂检验任务。有400多名员工，在全球有4万多个客户，90亿件产品使用UL安全标志。UL的总部设在美国芝加哥，有5个主要实验室，在亚洲有两个实验室：香港和台北。 UL标准是一部不断完善的文件。UL标准的修订要求是由工业界人士、用户、UL工程师或其它感兴趣的人士提出。工业界修改程序：当需要修改UL标准的某些内容时，对产品的要求就会产生相应的变化，为此，UL制定了正规的工业界修改程序。 在发表每一项UL标准变更部分时都会公布有效日期。处有效之日起，属于UL跟踪检验服务的有关产品必须按照新的要求做相应的改变，所以，从标准修改之日起到公布的有效日期之间留有充足的时间，以便工厂更改自己的产品并再次递交UL测试。正式通过变更要求后，就执行工业界修订程序。该程序包括：给申请人发送正规通知、变更的起始日期，并由UL工程师按照鉴定产品的相同方法，帮助申请人检查产品需变更的部分，以及在有效之日前修改UL工厂跟踪检验文件。新的标准生效后，UL检验代表将访问制造厂商，按修订要求审查相应变更的部分。 UL列名标记 这是一个最常用的UL标记。如果产品上贴有这一标记，则意味着该产品的样品满足UL的安全要求。这些要求主要是UL自己出版的安全标准。这一类型的标记通常在以下几类产品中看到：电器，计算机设备、炉子和加热器、保险丝、电源板、烟雾和一氧化碳探测器、灭火器和自动喷水灭火系统、个人漂浮装置，如救生衣和救生圈、防弹玻璃和其它数千种产品。 ◇ C-UL列名标记 这一标记适用于在加拿大市场上销售的产品。按照加拿大安全要求来对贴有这种标记的产品进行评价。加拿大安全要求可能与美国的安全要求有所不同。可以在以下类型的设备上看到这种标记：电器和计算机设备、售货机、家用防盗报警系统、照明器具、和许多其它种类的产品。 ◇ C-UL US 列名标记
美国UL 认证标志及常用标准 2010-06-13 05:18:34 来源：维安特检测机构 浏览：216次 UL 认证标志是美国以及北美地区公认的安全认证标志，贴有这种标志的产品，就等于获得了安全质量信誉卡，其信誉程度已被广大消费者所接受。因此，UL 认证标志已成为有关产品（特别是机电产品）进入美国以及北美市场的一个特别的通行证。 UL 认证标志分为3类，分别是列名、分级和认可标志，这些标志的主要组成部分是UL 的图案，它们都注册了商标。分别应用在不同的服务产品上，是不通用的。 UL 列名标志 UL 分级标志 UL 认可零部件标志 性质： 自愿性 自愿性 自愿性 标准要求： 安全 安全 安全 工厂检查： 需要 需要 需要 电压： 120/240V ( 单相 ) 208/240V ( 三相 ) 频率： 60Hz 常用标准 产品名称 UL 标准 附注 电线、电缆、通讯线 UL1582 电线插头 UL817 包插带插头电源线 塑料 UL94 746A 、B 、C 包括油墨、线路板材等 线路板 UL796 塑料加工厂 UL7460 影音视听产品 UL6500/UL60065 包括电视机、 DVD 、音响等 办公室设备 UL1950/UL60950 包括显示器、碎纸机、开关电源、 电话机、传真机、电脑、 Modem 、 手机充电器等 节能灯 UL1993,935 荧光灯镇流器 UL935 Class 2 电源 UL1310 包括 2 类变压器、开关电源等 2 、 3 类变压器 UL1585 包括环形变压器，低压灯变压器 电视机用高压器件、热敏元件 UL1413 包括高压包 FBT ，高压聚焦电位器， PTC ， NTC 显像管座，偏转线圈，消磁线圈等 影音类用变压器 UL1411 显象管 CRT UL1418
UL153标准 PART 1.前言 UL153标准主要是描述有关使用电源线及插头作为连接工具,使用120伏电压,15或20安培的电源,并符合美国国家电器规范的便携灯.此标准也适用于那些不用插头,而用一些相容的接线端作为连接工具的便携灯.同时,对于使用非120伏电压,15 or 20安培的电流的标准电源的便携灯也在本标准的描述范围之内. PART 2.有关UL153标准 本标准章节之中有一些是需要工程部作判断的内容,而这些内容在表SA6.1和SA9.1中已一一列出. PART3.生产UL列名的便携灯的厂应尽的义务 3.1义务 3.1.1生产商应在得到UL严格授权的前提下才能使用UL标志,并严格按照UL要求来使用UL标志. 3.1.2UL标志只能在细则授权的生产地点使用. 3.1.3厂商应允许UL的现场代表进行非通知的例行检验,允许UL现场代表进入产品安装储存﹑测试的场地. 3.1.4厂商应提供足够的,必要的测试设备. 3.2UL153标准要求的一些主要测试项目 3.2.1接地导通测试 3.2.2高压测试 3.2.3极性测试 3.2.4拉力测试 3.3测试记录 对于非100%测试的项目,工厂应保留测试记录,该记录至少保留半年时间,记录包括数量型号﹑结果等项目. 3.4仪器校验
工厂用于做测试用仪器,必须每年或受到损伤后做一次校验. PART4.对生产线要求 4.1在生产线上需要100%测试的项目. 4.1.1高压测试 4.1.2极性测试 4.1.3接地导通测试 4.2在装配过程中,要注意有没有损伤到绝缘体,使用工具是否正确.例如,当使用UL列名的接线端时,其使用范围和安装工具一定要符合说明书的指示. 4.3零部件的要求 对一些是UL列名和认可的零部件,其包装一定要符合要求,对一些要求用UL标鉴来证明的,一定要提供标鉴,且标鉴将核销. PART5.测试方法 5.1拉力测试 5.2稳定性测试 5.3安装测试 PART6.结构 一般来讲,只有夹子灯﹑吊灯﹑表面安装的灯才有可能是免工程部测试的便携灯. 6.1免温升测试的白炽灯 6.1.1定义 C---CRITICAL POINT CD---CYLINDER DIAMETER H—CRITICAL HEIGHT CRITICAL LINE OF BULB R---CRITICAL RADIUS T---CRITICAL. TOP HEITHT
UL認證檢驗要求 A: UL认证要有三个前提;1申请人;2制造商;3列名人; B: UL是UNDERWRITERS LABATORIES INE的简称,它的原译是”保险商实验室”,现译为”UL安全实验室.”它主要是从事家用电器,各种材料,装置,设备等的安全鉴定而非整体品质检验. C: UL认证程序是1确定产品并要用正文描述产品的类型和使用范围; 2提供产品相关的元器件和原材料的有关资料; 3尽可能提供以下资料;a图纸b照片c销售小册子或目录d操作,安装说明书 D:提供申请人的名称,地址,电话/传真号码,申请的公司名称,同时要提供列名人的名字. E:美规和欧规的区别 内容美规欧规 电线黑白线,黑为正白为负,双芯线有字为正无字为负,线末没有端子,不可浸锡,线上印有字样 1单芯蓝棕线,双芯和三芯之分; 2蓝色代表负极,棕色代表正极,电线上印有VDE认证标志 3正负极符号L代表正N代表负 地线裸铜线一端有端子为地线(GND) 黄绿线线末需加端子,不能浸铜,接地符号为〨,E为地线 灯头规格上有E27,E12材料上有陶瓷,电木,塑料,有标UL或CSA及认证E…..号码,铜触片有UL或CSA 或CUL字样规格上分为E14,E15,E27,B22,材料上有点木和金属,塑料,灯头上刻有VDE或其他欧洲用的安全标志. 工作电压 120V/60HZ 220V—240V/50HZ 标签瓦特标必须是耐高温的,标签有UL,120V/60HZ,认证号码,MADE IN CHINA等字样,UL,CUL标签目前使用有三种,DRY,DAMP PROTABCE既干燥,潮湿,移动式贴三色标于电线末端或根据客人要求而 定 安装方式一字螺丝紧锁在天花板或墙壁的线盒里一字木螺丝锁在天花板或墙壁上,壁虎,木牙螺丝不小于1”,一字板中心孔牙节长度不可以超过一字板平面 接线方式用螺牙式接线帽或嵌式接线端子并用胶布包扎,如吊,台灯的电线要打UL结,零件包附螺压式接线端子. 用嵌式线帽接线,并用热缩管套住整个线帽,后再用索带线扎紧,出线位需加8字扣,零件包里附2到3位接线排 出线长度壁灯,吸顶灯出线从中心量不少于6”,吊灯从天房盖算起也不可以少于6”,和美规一样 防火棉吸顶灯通都需要加防火棉不需要 砂套管电源线是150C的不加,如吸顶灯灯头电源是105C的必须加,同时要根据客人要求而定每根单芯都需要单独加砂套管,长度到线末端 F E020(Quoizel)吊链长度和出线长度规定: 灯具种类出线长度吊链长度 直廊灯12英尺8英尺 吊灯/餐吊灯光6英尺4英尺 户外灯光12英尺寸4英尺
UL电线及电缆UL认证的常见问题 [ 录入者:tairan | 时间:2008-07-05 10:44:43 | 作者: | 来源: | 浏览:345 次 ]
及伸长测试，但磨光后的样本厚度不应低于标准内所注明的最低要求。 Q6:UL会否以直流电阻 (DC-Resistance) 取代横切面面积 (Cross-sectional Area) ，来判断导体的尺寸？ A6:很多标准都允许以直流电阻或横切面面积来判断导体的尺寸。直流电阻一般被视为公断方法，当以横切面面积测量出导体的尺寸并不符合标准时，便会用直流电阻来确定其符合性。 Q7:假如我的样本未能通过 FUS 测试或市场抽查，有关制造商需要重新申请授权吗？假如制造商正处于加强监察计划 (Increased Monitoring Program, IMP) 期间，UL 厂检代表会额外执行多少次厂检？ A7:假如某产品或档案因未能通过 FUS 测试或市场抽查而被删除，制造商便需要重新申请授权。通常在 IMP 期间，制造商需要接受两次额外厂检，和每月样本抽查；但是 UL 会就每个案件个别地评估，以确定执行 IMP 时是否需要有不同的做法。 UL 62 Q1:为什么UL对导体的绞距 (Lay of Conductors) 要有规定 (如载于 UL 62 的Table 10 内的要求)？UL 会考虑放宽或删除有关要求吗？UL 会仿效其它测试机构以测试来确定导体的绞距是否合格，而不是在标准内指定绞距吗？ A1:导体的纹距是会影响电线的柔软度。如果绞距过长，当电线弯曲时，受压点可能会出现导体损坏或绝缘破裂。假如 UL 是采用性能测试要求而非指定的绞距要求，那么我们便要很仔细地根据所测试的电线结构，在报告中规范物料制造商与型号、填充物和其它电线结构，将不允许电线制造商有更改结构的空间，此外，UL 还要决定执行哪些测试来确定电缆的结构能否承受实际使用时会出现的滥用情况。UL 现正与业界代表商讨是否能设定性能测试要求。 Q2:UL 62 标准内有关导体物料的要求能否修订？可以使用铜包铝 (Copper-clad Aluminum, CCA) 或其它物料来作导体吗？当生产绞合导体 (Stranded Conductor) 时，尼龙纤维可否与铜丝绞合？ A2:根据 UL 62 子条文 4.1.1.2，导体的物料应是符合 ASTM B 3 或NMX-J-036-ANCE 标准的已退火铜 (Annealed Copper)，也可采用符合 ASTM B 33 或 NMX-J-008-ANCE 标准的已退火镀铜 (Annealed Coated Copper)。若 要修订有关要求，UL 不仅需要能证明铜包铝导体可承受与上述铜料相同的机械性能和使用环境的文件纪录，此外柔软度、耐腐蚀性及可连接性等问题也需要考虑。UL 现正与业界代表就此议题作出讨论。 假如要在导体加进尼龙纤维或其它增强其抗拉能力的物料，必须通过特殊的评估，并在跟进检验服务程序书 (FUS Procedure) 的电线描述规范其导体
UL列名标记 这是一个最常用的UL标记。如果产品上贴有这一标记，则意味着该产品的样品满足UL的安全要求。这些要求主要是UL自己出版的安全标准。这一类型的标记通常在以下几类产品中看到：电器，计算机设备、炉子和加热器、保险丝、电源板、烟雾和一氧化碳探测器、灭火器和自动喷水灭火系统、个人漂浮装置，如救生衣和救生圈、防弹玻璃和其它数千种产品。 C-UL列名标记 这一标记适用于在加拿大市场上销售的产品。按照加拿大安全要求来对贴有这种标记的产品进行评价。加拿大安全要求可能与美国的安全要求有所不同。可以在以下类型的设备上看到这种标记：电器和计算机设备、售货机、家用防盗报警系统、照明器具、和许多其它种类的产品。 C-UL US列名标记 UL于1998年初引进这一新的列名标记。它表示既符合美国的要求，又符合加拿大的要求。加拿大/美国标记是可供选择的。UL鼓励那些产品既在美国取证，又在加拿大取证的制造商使用这种新的组合标记，但是制造商可以选择继续延用只针对美国或者加拿大的UL标记。分级标记 这一标记出现在经过了UL评估的产品上。UL已经对贴有这一标记 的产品就某些专门属性做了评估。这里的某些专门属性是指适用在有限的危险范围、或者在有限的或者特别条件下使用的。典型的情况是，由UL分级的产品属于通用建筑材料和工业设备。例如，由UL分级的设备类型有潜水服、防火门、消防员保护装置和工业用卡车。 C-UL 分级标记 这一分级标记适用于在加拿大市场上销售的产品。它表示UL已经按照加拿大标准、就某些危险情况或者特性来对产品进行了评估。例如，C-UL分级产品包括空气过滤器、挡火装置、某些类型的屋顶系统等。C-UL US分级标记 UL于1998年初引进这一新的分级标记。它表示既符合美国的要求，又符合加拿大的要求。加拿大/美国标记是可选择的。UL鼓励那些产品既在美国取证，又在加拿大取证的制造商使用这种新的组合标记，但是制造商可以选择继续延用只针对美国或者加拿大的UL标记。 认可的部件标记和加拿大认可的部件标记 普通消费者很少看到这些标记，因为它们用在零部件上，这些零部件 是一些较大的产品或者系统的零件。这些零部件自身不能直接构成完整产品，或者其用途受到限制。可以在大量产品内看到部件认可标记，包括一些开关、电源、印刷接线板、某些种类的工业控制设备、和数千种其它产品。打算在加拿大市场上销售的产品所贴的认可部件标记带有一个“C”字母。
美国-UL认证介绍 2009年1月21日 1．UL概况 UL是美国国家安全监测实验室（Underwriter Laboratories Inc.）的英文简写。它是国际上最具权威的、独立的、非营利的产品安全试验和鉴定机构。它采用科学的测试方法来研究确定各种材料、装置、产品、设备、建筑等对生命、财产有无危害和危害的程度；制定、发行相应的标准和有助于减少以及防止造成生命财产受到损失的资料。UL最终目的是使消费者能得到具有相当安全水准的商品，为人身健康和财产安全得到保证做出贡献。就产品安全认证作为消除国际贸易技术壁垒的有效手段而言，UL为促进国际贸易的发展也发挥着积极的作用。 UL始建于1894年，初始阶段主要靠防火保险部门提供资金维持运作，直到1916年，UL才完全自立。经过近百年的发展，UL已成为具有世界知名度的认证机构。其自身具有一整套严密的组织管理体制、标准开发和产品认证程序。由安全专家、※※官员、消费者、教育界、公共事业、保险业及标准部门的代表组成的理事会管理，日常工作由总裁、副总裁处理。
2．UL产品认证与试验服务的种类 （1）列名（LISTED） 一般来讲，列名仅适用于完整的产品以及有资格人员在现场进行替换或安装的各种器件和装置，属于UL列名服务的各种产品包括：家用电器，医疗设备、计算机、商业设备以及在建筑物中作用的各类电器产品，如配电系统、保险丝、电线、开头和其它电气构件等。经UL 列名的产品，通常可以在每个产品上标上UL的列名标志。 （2）认可（Recognized） 认可服务是UL服务中的一个项目，其鉴定的产品只能在UL列名、分级或其它认可产品上作为无器件、原材料使用。认可产品在结构上并不完整，或者在用途上有一定的限制以保证达到预期的安全性能。在大多数情况下，认可产品的跟踪服务都属于R类。属于L类的认可产品有电子线（AVLV2），加工线材（ZKLU2），线束（ZPFW2），铝线（DVVR2和金属挠性管（DXUZ2）。认可产品要求带有认可标记。 （3）分级（Classification） 分级服务仅对产品的特定危害进行评价，或对执行UL标准以外的其
解读UL认证的标志 UL是美国保险商试验所（Underwriter Laboratories Inc.）的简写。UL保险商试验所是美国最有权威的，也是世界上从事安全试验和鉴定的较大的民间机构。它是一个独立的、非营利的、为公共安全做试验的专业机构。UL始建于1894年，初始阶段UL主要靠防火保险部门提供资金维持运作，直到1916年，UL才完全自立。经过近百年的发展，UL已成为具有世界知名度的认证机构，其自身具有一整套严密的组织管理体制、标准开发和产品认证程序。UL由一个有安全专家、政府官员、消费者、教育界、公用事业、保险业及标准部门的代表组成理事会管理，日常工作由总裁、副总裁处理。目前，UL在美国本土有五个实验室，总部设在芝加哥北部的Northbrook镇，同时在中国台湾和中国香港分别设立了相应的实验室。 针对UL不同的服务种类，UL标志可以分为三类，分别是列名、分级和认可标志。 1.列名（Listed）。仅用于完整的产品以及有资格人员在现场进行替换或安装的各种器件上或装置。属于UL列名服务的产品包括：IT设备、AV设备、冰箱、吸尘器等电器设备。最终产品如需标注UL列名标志，则应由UL对样品进行检测，以确认其没有火灾和电气危害的隐患。 2.认可（Recognized）。认可主要是针对元器件和材料实施的一种安全认证。认可服务所认可的元器件会被组装在成品中，元器件必须符合相关的许可条件才能应用于相应的成品。如：开关、电源、印制版、变压器、电线、插头、塑料材料都是认可对象。 3.分级（Classified）。UL的分级服务，是根据相关的法律、法规，对于商业或工业等环境中使用的产品进行危险性等特殊性能评估的一种安全认证程序。分级服务主要针对建筑材料、各种防火设备和航海设备。 三种标志分别用于三种不同服务的产品上，不能混用，否则可认为是假冒产品。UL的服务不仅依据美国UL标准，也依据加拿大标准（cUL）。由此，UL标志也分为用于UL产品和cUL产品以及两者满足三种。 UL标志样式
玩具安全测试——常用的欧洲标准如今，消费者正接触着来自于不同供应商所提供的大量玩具，随着在全世界范围内的开放，面对着如此种类繁多、数量庞大的儿童用品时，有多少人能意识到这些看似可爱、最不令人设防的亲密伙伴却可能是个潜在的杀手，导致儿童受到不同程度的伤害甚至死亡？因此消费者如何选购供儿童安全玩耍的玩具或者如何避免因玩具而带来的安全质量隐患是非常重要的。Intertek Group旗下的RAM Consulting,在成立之初便致力于玩具等儿童用品的安全性能检测和顾问咨询，多年与对产品安全性要求很高的McDonald's等国际著名公司合作，对保证产品安全尤其是玩具安全有相当丰富的经验。 为确保产品的安全性，不同地区都制定有安全标准，以便在产品生产的不同阶段实施严格的测试和生产过程控制，其中欧洲标准要算应用范围比较广的一个。任何去欧洲的产品，都免不了要经过EN标准的严格测试，对于玩具也不例外。其中最常用的，便是 Torque& Tension,Drop Test,Impact Test,compression Test。 一、扭力——拉力测试（orque&tension）扭力测试所需仪器：秒表、扭力计、扭力钳（2种，视样板选用适合的工具） ▲5秒内在部件上施加顺时针扭力，扭到180度或者0.34N-m，保持10秒 ▲然后使部件回到放松状态 ▲逆时针重复以上的过程 ▲小于等于6mm，则施加50N+2N的力 ▲如果部件的最大突出尺寸大于6mm，则施加90N+2N的力。 ▲5秒上磅，保持10秒 判断标准 ▲为太小而不能独立坐起的小孩设计的玩具不能有裂痕裂纹。如果裂纹明显不能造成伤害，则是可以接受的。 ▲给3岁以下小孩子玩的玩具不能产生小部件、可接触性尖点、利边。 ▲面具和头盔不能有暴露的尖点、利边，或者是能进入眼睛的松动材料。 ▲口动玩具和水中玩具的阀门不能产生小部件。 二、跌落测试（Drop Test） 仪器装置：EN地板 测试步骤： ▲将玩具以最严格的方向从85cm+5cm高处向EN地板跌落5次。 判断标准： ▲为太小而不能独立坐起的小孩设计的玩具外表面不能有裂痕裂纹。如果裂纹明显不能造成伤害，则是可以接受的。 ▲给3岁以下小孩玩的玩具不能产生小部件、可接触性尖点或利边。 ▲面具和头盔不能有暴露的尖点、利边，或者是能进入眼睛的松动材料。 ▲变得可接触的驱动机构不能有伤害性。 三、冲击测试（mpact Test） 仪器装置： ▲直径为80mm+2mm,重1kg.+0.02kg.的钢制砝码 测试步骤： ▲将玩具以最易受损的位置放置于一水平钢制平面上，用砝码从100mm+2mm高处自由落体砸玩具一次。 判断标准： ▲为太小而不能独立坐起的小孩设计的玩具外表面不能有裂痕裂纹。如果裂纹明显不能造成伤害，则是可以接受的。 ▲给3岁以下小孩玩的玩具不能产生小部件、可接触性尖点或利边。 ▲面具和头盔不能有暴露的尖点、利边，或者是能进入眼睛的松动材料。 ▲变得可接触的驱动机构不能有伤害性。 四、压力测试（Compression Test） 测试步骤： ▲将玩具放置于水平的刚性平面上，并使玩具被测试部分处在上方。 ▲通过直径30mm+1.5mm的刚性金属压头向被测区域施加110N+5N的压力，5秒上磅，保持10秒。 仪器图片判断标准：
UL标志 - 产品安全认证 UL标志是美国以及北美地区公认的安全认证标志，贴有这种标志的产品，就等于获得了安全质量信誉卡，其信誉程度已被广大消费者所接受。因此，UL标志已成为有关产品（特别是机电产品）进入美国以及北美市场的一个特别的通行证。 UL标志分为3类，分别是列名、分级和认可标志，这些标志的主要组成部分是UL的图案，它们都注册了商标。分别应用在不同的服务产品上，是不通用的。 列名 UL在产品上的列名标志是表明生产厂商的整个产品的样品已经由UL进行了测试，并符合适用的UL要求。 分类 带有此标志的产品，其危险的有限范围或使用的适合范围均已经得到评定。 元/组件认证 为了加快对产品或系统的评定速度，并节省金钱，对于组成不完整或性能有限制的组件，对以后用于UL列名或分类的产品或系统中的产品，可进行元/组件认证。在任何最终产品中使用UL认证的组件并不意味着该产品本身是UL列名的产品。 UL认证专业术语 "AL" LISTING(多重列名或认可) AGENT(代理)
APPEALS PROCEDURE(申诉程序) APPENDIX(附页) APPLICANT(申请人) AUTHORIZATION PAGE(授权页) CATEGORY CONTROL NUMBER(类别控制号) COMPONENT(零部件) CONDITION OF ACCEPTABILITY(适用的条件) CONTROL NUMBER(控制号) FACTORY IDENTIFICATION(工厂标识) FACTORY INSPECTION(工厂检验) "AL" LISTING， CLASSIFICATION OR RECOGNITION(多重列名或认可) 由申请人提出申请并授权，以不同与申请人（列名人）的另一方的名义建立的列名或认可服务AGENT(代理) 受申请人的委托，以申请人的名义从事与UL之间的活动的个人或企业 APPEALS PROCEDURE(申诉程序)