直接引语变间接引语面面观
一、如何变人称：
学生在将直接引语变间接引语时。常常弄不清人称变化。下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" →He asked Kate how her sister was then。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said。"Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
二、如何变时态：
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：
1)She said. "I have lost a pen." →She said she had lost a pen
2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。
①直接引语是客观真理。
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. →The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around t he earth。
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John w here he was going when he met him in the street。
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：
Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。
三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yest erday。变为the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：
He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
四、如何变句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive i n five minutes." →She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→She asked me when they had their din ner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如：
"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：
He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they s hould go to see the film.
引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如：
John said, "I'm going to London with my father."
约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语）
John said that he was going to London with his father.
约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）
由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况：
1．直接引语是陈述句时
间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, expl ain, think等。
He said , "You are younger than I."-'He said (that ) I was younger than him.
2.直接引语是疑问句时
间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
（1）一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven't you?"
→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
（2）选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
He asked , "Where do you live?"
→He asked me where I lived.
3.直接引语是祈使句时
间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don't 变为not ）.
The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the win dow.
His father said to him , "Don't leave the door open."→His father told him not to leave the door open.
[注意]
（1）有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词加以转述。例如：
He said, "Let's go to the theatre."
→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatr e.
(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.
→He asked me to open the window.
"Why don't you take a walk after supper?" he asked .
→he advised me to take a walk after supper.
"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.
→He suggested listening to the music.
4.直接引语是感叹句时
间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。
She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
→She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.
5．如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化：
（1）一般现在时变为一般过去时
（2）现在进行时变为过去进行时
（3）一般将来时变为过去将来时
（4）现在完成时变为过去完成时
（5）一般过去时变为过去完成时
（6）过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时
[注意]
（1）如果直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接引语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：
The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
（2）如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如：
He said to me, "I was born in 1973."
→He told me that he was born in 1973.
(3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效，变为间接宾语时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：
He said, "I'm a boy, not a girl."
→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
(4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作，在变为间接引时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：
The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.
(5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句中的谓语动词，从句的一般过去时则不变。如：
He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
(6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时，这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如：
The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation."
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.
He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."
→He said that he could swim when he was only six.
6.代词等一般地应作用相应的变化，变化方法见下表。
在直接引语中在间接引语中
this that
指示代词
these those
now then
表示时间的词
today that day
2011年中考英语专项指导练习——语法和词组 一名词 (一) 知识概要 名词的概念在不同的语法教课书中有不同的解释和分类方法，但就实际应用来讲还是不要过分地追求其理论概念，而更多的要把注意力放在其应用上来。我们不妨把它分为两大类：专有名词与普通名词。顾名思义，专有名词是指：个人、事物、机关等所专有的名称，如，the Great Wall，America…它们是不能随意变动的。而普通名词中则包括个体名词，如pen, worker…它表示单一的个体人或事物；集体名词，如：family,class，team,它表示的是由若干个个体组成的集合体；物质名词，如：water,paper…它表示的是一种物质，原材料；而后一种是抽象名词，如:work, time…它表示着一种在实际生活中看不见、摸不到，但却与实际生活紧密相关的某些动作、状态、品质的抽象概念。见下表。 名词一览表 种类 专有名词 London, John, the Communist Party of China 普通名词类名词 nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table 集体名词 class, family, army, police, team, people 物质名词 water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand 抽象名词 happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest 功用 主语 My family is now in New York. 表语 His father is a scientist.
宾语 We love our great motherland. 宾语补足语 He made London the base for his work. 定语 The girls are making paper flowesrs. 状语 The car cost him 1000 dollars. 同位语 Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will come here. 名词在使用中的难点在于名词的数，即可数名词与不可数名词的实际应用。不可数名词不能用数字计算，所以它通常只有单数形式。它包含有专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词等，如：English,air,water,cotton,work…可数名词是可以用数量加以计算的名词，所以它具有单数形式和复数形式两种。可数名词复数形式的构成规律是： 1. 一般情况加s,如：pen—pens, doctor—doctors,boy—boys,其读音规则是在清辅音后读［s］，在元音和浊辅音后读［z］。 如:map—map ， boy—boys. 2. 在以s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词后面加es，如：bus—buses,class—classes,其读音为［iz］。 3. 以ce,se,ze,(d)ge结尾的名词加s，其读音为［iz］。 4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，要将y变为i再加es，读作［z］，如：factory—factories,country—countries, family—families.但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，如:boy—boys,day—days。 5. 以o结尾的名词的复数形式一般要加es，但如果o前面是元音字母或外来词，缩写词以o结尾的则只加s，如：tomato—tomatoes,hero—heroes;photo—photos,radio—radios,piano—pianos 6. 以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式要将f或fe变为v再加es，如：knife—knives, leaf—leaves, 但有些例外的词如roof的复数形式是roofs。 7. 不规则名词的复数形式是要单个记忆的，它没有规律可循，如:man—men,woman—
直接引语变间接引语练习题 1．He said, “I’ve left my book in my room.” 2．She asked me, “Is this book yours or his?” 3．The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?” 4．She said, “He will be busy.” 5．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 6．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” 7．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.” 8．The boy said to us, “I usually get up at six every day.” 9．He said, “We are still students.” 10．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.” 11．He said, “I have studied English since 2000.” 12．I said to him, “I have finished it.” 13．She said to us,“I’ll come here tomorrow.” 14．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Jane?”the young man asked. 15．“I have gotten the first place in the mathematics competition,”the little boy said happily. 16．“Light travels faster than sound,”the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 17．“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?”Mary asked me.
2019-2020中考英语模拟试卷 考生须知： 1. 本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 2. 答题前，在答题卡上和答题卷的密封区内涂、写校名、姓名和准考证号。 3. 必须在答题卷的对应答题位置，写在其他地方无效。1至60小题在答题卡上涂黑作答，答题卡 答题方式详见答题卡上的说明。 4. 做听力题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有一分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。 5. 考试结束后，试卷、答题卡和答题卷一并上交。 试题卷 Ⅰ.听力部分(25分) 一、听短对话，回答问题(共5小题，计5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试题的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.How often does the man go swimming?（考查频率，题目原创） A . twice a month B. once a month C. four times a month 2.At what time did Mary leave?（考查时间，题目原创） A. Five o’clock. B. Ten to five. C. Ten past five 3.Where will the family probably go for their holidays?（考查地点和去向，题目原创） A. Beijing. B. Guangzhou. C. Seaside. 4. How’s the weather in spring in H angzhou?（考查天气，题目根据听力分级特训改编） A. Wet B. Neither too hot nor too cold C. Too hot 5. What mistake did Dick make yesterday?（考查分析、辨别能力，题目原创） A. He didn’t pass the English exam. B. He didn’t tell his mother the truth about the English exam. C. He didn’t take part in the English exam. 二、听较长对话，回答问题(共6小题，计l2分) （听力文本来源名校特训中考听力理解，题目改编） 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。 6.When does this talk take place? （考查日期） A. April 1 B. May 2 C. June 1 7.What was the latest news on TV last night? （考查主旨和要义） A. There would be a new holiday． B. People wouldn’t go to work today C. Nothing about the above． 8.What will they do after their conversation? （考查分析、辨别能力） A. They’ll get down to having a holid ay B. They’ll go to work C. They’ll go to the boss’s house． 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第l1三个小题。现在，你有l 5秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。 9. How long will the woman be away? （考察时间）
中考英语专项练习-动词及动词短语 Name___________ Grade___________第一节单项选择 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 ( )1.[2018襄阳]—China has great progress in the fight against poverty(贫困)in the past five years. —That's true. The government has helped more than 68 million people get out of poverty. A. done B. made C. offered D. caught ( )2.[2018泰州]Many tourists prefer five-star hotels because they think expensive hotels always guests with better service. A. prevent B. protect C. present D. provide ( )3.[2018东营]—I've tried hard at my schoolwork but still . —Don't be upset. Sometimes losing is only a sign that you really tried. A. failed B. worried C. improved D. succeeded ( )4.[2018长沙]—Is the man over there Adam? —It be him. He has gone to Hong Kong on vacation. A. must B. can't C. mustn't D. need ( )5.[2018哈尔滨]—I take photos here? —No,you mustn't.Don't you see the sign"NO PHOTOS"? A. Would B. May C. Must D. Need ( )6.[2018南充]—Do you think it is popular to red envelops(红包)on WeChat during festivals? —Yes. But I prefer giving gifts to family members. A. give out B. give away C. give back D. give up ( )7.[2018扬州]We should stop fireworks to reduce pollution. A. getting off B. turning off C. taking off D. setting off ( )8.[2018郑州]Very little in the house after the big fire was put out. A. missed B. appeared C. rose D. remained ( )9.[2018武汉]Although looking after kids sound like a simple job, great care is still needed. A. may B. must C. shall D. should ( )10.[2018赣州]—It's sunny today. How about going to the zoo? —Sounds great! Can you the opening time on the Internet first? A. look for B. look up C. look through D. look at
直接引语和间接引语 概念引入： 我们先看下面的句子： 1.John said, “I’m going to London with my father.” 约翰说：“我要和父亲到伦敦去。” 2.She said, “Do you often e here to read newspapers?” 她说：“你经常来这儿看报吗？” 3.I asked him, “Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?” 我问他：“你今晚是待在家还是去看电影？” 4.“Why don’t you take a walk after supper?” he asked. 他问：“饭后干嘛不出去走走呢？” 从上述四个例句看出：引内是直接引用别人的原话，这种句子为直接引语。 再看这一组句子： 1.John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。 2.She asked me if (whether) I often went there to read newspapers. 她问我是否经常去那儿看报。 3.I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night. 我问他那天晚上是待在家还是去看电影。 4.He advised me to take a walk after supper. 他建议我晚饭后出去走走。 从第二组的四个例句看出，都是别人的原话进行了转述，这就是间接引语。在转述中，人称、时态、代词、时间状语的表达都有所变化。 那么从直接引语变成间接引语，都有哪些部分需要变化呢？ 用法讲解【高清课堂：直接引语和间接引语P1】， 课文原句回放 首先请看下面几个句子，这几个句子来自课文，分别是直接引语和间接引语。请大家看看这些句子，看看这些直接引语和间接引语有什么区别。其实，我们从形式上就可以看出它们的区别： 1. “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne. (Direct speech) 安妮说：”我不想在日记中记流水账。” Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary. (Indirect speech) 安妮说她不想在日记中记流水账。 2. Anne’s sister asked her what she called her diary. (Indirect speech) 安妮的姐姐问她怎么称呼她的日记。 “What do you call your diary?” Anne’s sister asked her. (Direct speech)
2019-2020年中考英语模拟试题（二）及答案 一选择填空：（每小题1分，共15分） ( )1. ----I am hungry. Is there any bread in the fridge? ----_______. But we have some cakes. Would you like to have one? A. Nothing B. No one C. Some D. None ( ) 2. He always _______his friends about everything. In fact he has no thoughts of his own . A. agrees with B. talks with C. thinks with D. plays with ( ) 3.. ----Can you tell me ________ this CD player? ----No problem. First you have to turn it on. Just press the first button . A. how to use B. when to use C. how to repair D. when to repair ( ) 4. Tony was watching the football match ________ the phone rang. . A. while B. when C. as D. before ( ) 5. The world's population is more than 7 billion, so scientists will have to ______new ways to solve food problem. A. catch up with B. keep up with C. come up with D. make up with ( ) 6. ----Tom had nothing for breakfast, _______ he ? ----_______. He had some bread and milk. A. had, Yes B. had, No C. did ，Yes D. did , No ( ) 7. Mrs Zhang is ________all her time and energy __________ being a mum right now. A. devote; on B. devoting; on C. devote; to D. devoting; to ( ) 8. My sister and I often argue ______ which TV programme ______. A. about, watchin B. with, to watch C. about, to watch D. with , watching ( ) 9. ________ amazing news！______ one-year-old child can drive such a beautiful picture. A. What, A B. What, An C. How, A D. What an, An ( ) 10. It’s wrong __________ you _________ other’s homework. A. of, copy B. for, copy C. of, to copy D. for, to copy ( ) 11. For the next ten years,Mathild had not sent a ____ to her friend Jane .A. information B .news C. message D. advise ( ) 12.----What happened? ----The old man next door was found _____ in the living room. It's very sad A. dead B. die C. died D. death ( ) 13. It’s time for test. Be quiet, please. I’m going to _____ your test papers. A. give up B. give out C. hand in D. work out ( ) 14. Most girls _________ have dolls than guns while most boys ________
备战中考英语名词专项练习 一：单项选择题 1、I'm not sure about the meaning of the word．You'd better look it up in a ____ ． A．letter B．dictionary C．postcard D．notice 2、- Mr Li was sent to teach Chinese in an American high school last year. - Yes, I know. He told me he would never forget his pleasant ____ while working there, A. experiments B. expressions C. experiences D. explorations 3、The thing that ______ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try your best or not. A. cares B. minds C. matters D. considers 4、The two cities have reached an to develop science and technology. A. education B. excitement C. agreement D. invention 5、—I’m sorry I went out for a smoke. I was very tired. —There’s no ______ for this while you are at work. A. cause B. excuse C. matter D. choice 6、are standing out of the classroom. A. A number of students B. The number of students C. The number of student D. Number of students 7、-- What do animals eat？ --Some eat _____ and some eat ______. A. meat, leafs B. meats, leafs C. meat, leaves D. meats, leaves 8、At the foot of Mount Huang , you can hear the _________ of running water. A. sound B. noise C. voice D. silence 9、They usually have _____ to do after school. A. lots of homeworks B. lots of homework C. a lot of homeworks D. lot of homework 10、Ellen has to talk to her grandpa loudly because there’s something wrong with the old man’s. A. eyes B. teeth C. throat D. ears 11、David visited lots of in the world. A. places of interesting B. places of interest C. place of interests D. place of interesting 12、I don’t know how to improve my spoken English. Can you give me some_____? A. advices B. piece of advice C. piece of advice D. pieces of advice 13、—Where are the two ? —They are talking in the office． A．woman writers B．women writer C．woman's writer D．women writers 14、—What's your favorite color，Linda? —I like ________ best. I have many things of that color. A．baseball B．geography C．license D．pink 15、They got much from those new books . A. ideas B. photo C. information D. stories 16、—I’m not good at playing football. What should I do? —You need more ______. The more you play, the better you play. A. support B. rest C. practice D. humour 17、These mountains will be covered with tree in ______ . A. a few year’s time B. a few years’ time B.C. a fe w year’s times D. a few years’ times
英语：直接引语变间接引语练习题
直接引语变间接引语练习题 1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.” 2．She said: “He will be busy.” 3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” 5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” 6．The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.” 7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.” 8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” 9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.” 10．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.” 11．He said, “We are still students.’ 12．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.” 13．The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.” 14．He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15．She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus. 16．Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.” 17．He said, “We insisted that she start immediately. 18．She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.” 19．I said to him, “I have finished it.” 20．She said to us,“ I’ll come here tomorrow.” 21．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked. 22．“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said. 23．“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 24．“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me. 25．“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother. 26．“I never eat meat.” he said.-------> He said that ______ never ______ meat. 27. “I have found my wallet.” he said to me. He ____me that he ____ ____ ____ wallet. - 2 -
2019年中考英语模拟试题及答案 一、选择填空。（共15小题，计15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 1. —Have you seen wolf warriors II (《战狼II》)? —Yes. This is _______ educational film and it has become one of _______ most popular films in the world. A. a; / B. a; the C. an; the D. /; the 2. —Hi, Cathy! I saw Miss Zhang in the meeting room just now. ―No, it ______ be her. She went to Nanjing two days ago. A. must B. may C. can’ｔ D. needn’ｔ 3. —Did you watch 2018 CCTV Spring Festival Evening Gala in Taian? —Certainly. That night the sky over Taian was as _______ as that in the day with th e light. A. bright B. brightly C. brighter D. more brightly 4. —What about going to the cinema on foot with me, Wei Ming? —I prefer _______ a bike to _______ there. A. ride; walk B. riding; walk C. ride; walking D. riding; walking 5. China’s first home-built aircraft carrier(航空母舰) hit the water in Dalian _______ the morning of April 26, 2017. A. in B. on C. at D. to 6. When we see any waste lying on the ground, we should _______. A. pick it out B. point at it C. pick it up D. kick it out said that the TV program Readers was quite popular. 7. —It’s —Yes. _______ my parents _______ my little sister likes watching it very much. A. Neither; nor B. Both; and C. Either; or D. Not only; but also 8. —Do you know China’s famous scientist Pan Jianwei? —You mean “the father of quantum”（ 量子之父)? Yes, he is the _______ of our coun try. A. pride B. prize C. proud D. heart 9. —We’ll study in different schools next term. I hope you’ll enjoy your time in the new school! —_______ ． B. The same to you． A. I’ll take your advice C. Congratulations! D. Me, too.
直接引语和间接引语 直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人的立场作相应变动。 人称代词的变动情况要根据语境及转述人的不同作相应变化，一般情况下，与汉语中的变化相同。可记住一个口诀：一主、二宾、三不变”。即第一人称按照主句中的主语变化，第二 人称按照主句中的宾语变化，第三人称一般不需要变化。 例如：1) He said, "lam glad to see you. ” He said that he was glad to see me. 2) “ Dyou know the man over there? Mary said to Tom. T Mary asked Tom if he knew the man over there. 3) Jim said to me, “ Janieft her schoolbag at home. ” T Jim told me that Jane had left her schoolbag at home. 2、时态的变化 (1)主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 直接引语间接引语 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 现在完成时过去完成时 一般过去时过去完成时 过去完成时过去完成时(不变) 一般将来时过去将来时 般将来进行时过去将来进行时 一般将来完成时过去将来完成时 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。直接引语改为间接引语时，动词时态相应变化表： He said, "usually watch TV on Su nday. "他说：我常在星期天看电视”。 T He said that he usually watched TV on Su nday. 他说他常在星期天看电视。 He said, I'm usi ng the kn ife. "他说：我正在用小刀。” T He said that he was usi ng the kn ife. 他说他正在用小刀。 She said, I have not heard from him si nee May. "她说：自从五月份来我就没有收到他的来信。” T She said that she had not heard from him si nee May. 她说自从五月份以来她就没收
高中英语直接引语和间接引语用法讲解 一、概述 引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语(indirect speech)。一般地讲，直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。 Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.”布菜克先生说：“我很忙”。（直接引语） Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。（宾语从句是间接引语） 从上例看来，直接引语改为间接引语时,除将直接引语改为宾语从句之外，还须对直接引语中的人称和时态进行相应的变化，如上例直接引语中的I改成了he, am则改成了was。现将由直接引语改为间接引语时应注意的问题,分述如下： 二、直接引语是陈述句时 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省去），that 从句之前用say、tell等动词，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1、人称的变化 直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应的变化，把直接引语中的第一人称(如：I，me，my，mine，we，us，our，ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。把直接引语中的第二人称(you，your，yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人，如无听话人，可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。直接引语中的第三人称(he，him，his，she，her，hers,it，its,they,their，theirs，them)变为间接引语时，人称不变。 He said , “I like it very much.” 他说：“我非常喜欢它”。 →He said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。(I改为he, it不变) He said, “You told me this story.”他说：“你给我讲过这个故事。” →He said that I had told him that story.他说我给他讲过那个故事。(You改为I, me改为him, told 改为had told) He said to me, “She’s left her book in your room”.他对我说：“她把书放在你的房间里去了。”He told me that she had left her book in my room. 他对我说她把书放在我的房间里去了。（She’s→she had，her不变，your→my） 2、时态的变化 （1）主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。直接引语改为间接引语时,动词时态相应变化表： He said, “I usually watch TV on Sunday.”他说：“我常在星期天看电视”。 →He said tha t he usually watched TV on Sunday.他说他常在星期天看电视。 He said, “I'm using the knife.”他说：“我正在用小刀。” →He said that he was using the knife.他说他正在用小刀。 She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”她说：“自从五月份来我就没收到他的来信。”→She said that she had not heard from him since May. 她说自五月以来她就没收到他的来信。He said，“I came to help you.”他说：“我来帮助你。” →He said that he had come to help me.他说他来帮助我。 He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”他说：“晚饭前我己做完了作业。” →He said that he had finished his homework before supper.他说晚饭前他己做完了作业。 Zhou L an said, “I'll do it after class.”周兰说：“下课后我就去做。” →Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.周兰说下课后她就去做。
2019年九年级网上阅卷适应性训练(二) 英语试卷 注意：1.本试卷共8页，满分为120分，考试时间为120分钟。 2.所有试卷答案均填写在答题卡上，答在试卷、草稿纸等其他位置上一律无效。 第Ⅰ部分选择题（共60分） 一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1.There is______8-year-old boy playing ______Chinese chess with his friend in the classroom. A. a;/ B. an;/ C. a; the D. an; the 2.My little cousin is a (n) ______boy and he always comes up with new ideas for class activities. A. creative B. curious C. organized D. energetic 3. —Bob, you look blue. Don’t make any decision, ______when you’re in a bad mood. —OK,I won’t. Thanks. A. exactly B. probably C. especially D. generally 4. —What do you think of the Navy Parade(海军阅兵式) in Qingdao? —_______wonderful! I’ve never watched a _______ one. A. What; good B. How; good C. What; better D. How; better 5. Alice ______ for 15 years, yet she still doesn’t know what kind of man she ______. A. has been married; has married with B. has got married; married to C. has been married; married D. has married; has married to 6.—Would you mind going on a trip with us this Saturday? —_______. I haven’t been outdoors these days. I can’t wait! A. Sorry, I can’t B. Certainly not C. Sure, I’d love to D. My pleasure 7. Go and visit the hospital, ______ you’ll find that not everything can be bought with money. A. so B. and C. but D. or 8. —Good news! A company producing a special battery will be set up in Taizhou. — True! A series of new policies(政策) have ______ the use of new energy cars around China recently. A. pushed for B. pushed in C. put out D. put through 9. —The famous Notre Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院) caught a big fire on April 16, 2019. —What a pity! I think French people may have difficulty ______ it well. A. repair B. to repair C. repaired D. repairing 10. —I’m so hungry. shall we begin the dinner, Mum? —_______your father comes from work, dear. A. When; Until B. How long; Not until C. How soon; Not until D. How soon; Until 11. —I promise I’ll do my homework by myself and never copy others’ from now on. —Really? _______.