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2014时态复习1

二、动词

1.动词的定义和分类

动词是表示动作或状态的一类词。动词充当谓语时,要受到主语的限制,与主语在人称和数上一致。用来表示动作或状态在各种时间条件的动词形式称为时态。动词根据其在句中的功能,可以分为实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类。

2.实义动词

(1)实义动词的分类

实义动词也叫行为动词,即表示动作的动词,能独立作谓语。实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词之分。及物动词是指后面可以直接跟宾语的动词;不及物动词指后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词。

We have friends all over the world. 我们的朋友遍天下。

有动词原形、第三人称单数形式、过去式、现在分词、过去分词。

3.系动词

(1)系动词的定义

.系动词亦称连系动词,不能单独做谓语,后面必须跟表语。

(2)系动词的功能

系动词的主要功能是把表语(名词、形容词、介词短语、从句)和其主语联系在一起,以说明主语的属性、特征或状态。它和其后的表语一起构成句子的谓语。

常见系动词

1)状态系动词

用来表示主语身份,只有be一词,例如:

He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)

2)持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, remain,例如:

He always kept heathy. 他时总保持健康。

3)表像系动词

用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, look, 例如:

He looks tired. 他看起来很累。

He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。

4)感官系动词

感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:

This kind of cloth feels very soft.

这种布手感很软。

This flower smells very fresh.

这朵花闻起来很新鲜。

4.助动词

(1)助动词的定义

助动词是语法功能词,本身没有词义,不可单独使用。

He doesn’t like English.

(2) 助动词的功能

○1表示时态He is singing. He doesn’t go to school on Saturday.○2构成疑问句

Do you like college life? Did you study English before you came here?

○3与否定副词not 连用构成否定句

I don’t like playing computer games. They are not watching TV now.

(3)目前学过的助动词有:be(am/is/are),do(does/did),have/has

○1“am/is/are+现在分词”构成现在进行时态。

They are having a meeting. English is becoming more and more important.

○2do/does/did构成一般疑问句、否定句、否定祈使句。

Do you want to pass the English exam?

He doesn’t like to study. Don’t be late for school.

情态动词

情态动词的定义及功能

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,但要与普通动词一起使用,给谓语动词增添情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必要等得一类词。情态动词一般本身无人

称和数的变化,其后面的实义动词要用动词原形。

She can swim fast, but I can’t. You must stay here until I come back.

常见情态动词的用法

○1 can表示能力,意为“会,能”。She can sing English songs. ○2 may 表示许可,用于陈述句;表示正式的请求或许可,用于一般疑问句。回答may 提出的问题,肯定形式为:Yes,please./ Yes, please do./Yes,certainly./Yes,you may. 否定形式为:No,you mustn’t./No, you can’t./Please don’t.

You may go out to ply now.

----May I smoke here?

----Yes,you may./No you mustn’t.

○3must表示“应当,必须”时,其否定形式为mustn’t 意为“禁止,不允许,千万别”。回答由must构成的一般疑问句,肯定形式为: Yes ,主语+must ;否定形式为:No,主语+needn’t/don’t have to。

You mustn’t (千万别) play football in the street.

------Must I hand in my homework tomorrow?

------Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t/don’t have to.

○4should 表示“应该,应当”,shouldn’t表示“不应该”。

You should tell your mother the truth.

You shouldn’t make the same mistake.例题引路

一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.My father always (help)my mother with housework.

2.The ships (not be)in the river now;they (be)there a moment ago.

3.Our family (have)a new computer last month.

4.I can (do )it better than you .

二、模仿例词写出所给动词的相应形式。

例词:do does doing did

1. write _______ _______ _______ _______

2.carry _______ _______ _______ _______

3.wash _______ _______ _______ _______

4.meet _______ _______ _______ _______

衔接训练

一、单项选择

1.My brother_______ a teacher. He ________ his pupils very much.

A. is ; like

B. is; likes

C. are; likes

D. are; like

2.----How many days_________there in a week?

-----There_______seven.

A. is; is

B.are; is

C. is; are

D. are; are

3.My English teacher ________.

A. all look young

B. looks young

C. look young

D. all looks young

4.I ______busy now, but I ____ free next week.

A. am; am

B. am; will

C. am; will be

D. being; will be

5.May I _______to Helen Brown?

A. tell

B. speak

C. talk

D. say

6.Yang Ling can _______clothes for the doll.

A. make;

B. makes

C. made

D. making

7.She looks ____because she will go to Hainan for a holiday.

A. happily

B. be happy

C. happy

D. happiness

8. ----________I use your pen,Dad?

-----Yes,you can .

A. May

B. Do

C. Am

D. Must

二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. Two and six_______(be) eight.

2.There ________(be)lots of sheep on the farm last year.

3.The boy with his friends_________(have)some homework every day.

4.You must _______(listen)to your teacher in class.

5.We like __________(watch)cartoons at the weekend.

6.Listen! Someone __________(sing)in the next room.

7.Su Hai wants___________(be)a teacher when she grows up.

8.What ________you ________(do)last night?

9. __________(not speak)loudly in the reading room.

10. I like ___________(read) ve ry much,but I don’t like __________(read)today.I’m too tired.

三、形容词

1.什么是形容词?

形容词是用来修饰或描述名词或代词,以说明人或事物的性质、状态或特征的一类词。Jane is a beautiful girl. Is there anything wrong with your MP4?

2.形容词在句中的位置是怎样的?几个形容词连用时,如何排序?

(1)形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前,系动词和不定代词之后。She is a good girl. I am tall and thin.

There is something important to tell her.

提示:有的形容词只能作表语,如:afraid害怕,alone 独自的,asleep 睡着的,awake醒着的,alive活着的,well健康的,ill病的

提示:多个形容词和其他词修饰名词时,其顺序是:限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)+描绘词(大小、长短、形状、新旧、长幼、颜色)+出处+材料性质+类别+名词

3.什么是形容词的比较等级?

绝大多数形容词有三种形式:原级、比较级和最高级。

Liu Hai is as tall as me . (tall 是原级)

It is warmer today than it was yesterday. (warmer是比较级) She is the best student in her class. (best是最高级)

4.形容词比较等级的构成规则是什么?(见八年级上语法附录)

5.形容词比较等级的几种用法

(1)形容词的原级可用于两个人或事物的比较,常用的有两种结构:

○1肯定结构:as +形容词的原级 + as ,意为“和……一样”。

She is as careful as her mother.

○2否定结构:not as /so +形容词的原级+as ,意为“不如……”。This dish is not as nice as that one.

(2)形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,常用的有四种结构:

○1形容词比较级+than ,表示“……比……”。

This film is more interesting than that one.

○2形容词比较级+形容词比较级,表示“越来越……”。

My sister is getting taller and taller.

○3 the +形容词比较级,the +形容词比较级,表示“越……越……”。 The more, the better.

The more careful you are ,the fewer mistakes you wii make. ○4 the +形容词比较级 + of the two ,表示“两者中较……的一个”。

+形容词的最高级+名词+范围(of/ in 短语或从句)”结构,意为“……中最……的”。

He is the busiest boy in our class.

Yao Ming is one of the most famous basketball players in NBA. 提示:形容词的最高级前要加 the,但如果形容词的最高级前有物

主代词时,不需要加 the 。 Today is my happiest day.

常见形容词的反义词,你记住了吗?

bad---good better---worst best----worst big---small/little beautiful---ugly black---white busy—free cheap---expensive clean—dirty cloudy----sunny cool—warm cold---hot dangerous---safe dark---bright/light dry---wet early---late easy—difficult east—west far---near sunny---rainy first---last happy---unhappy/sad hard---soft ill---healthy/well light---heavy more---less/few most---least/fewest old---new old—young poor—rich quiet---noisy same—different short---long short---tall slow---quick small---big/large/great strong---weak thin---fat thin---thick

例题引路一、单项选择

1.I have_______to do today.I couldn’t help you now.

A. anything important

B. something important

C. important nothing

D. important something

2.---Is chemistry more difficult than physics?

---No, chemistry isn’t as _____as physics.

A.easy

B. easier

C. difficult

D. more difficult

二、同义句转换。

1.Liu T ao is not as strong as Gao Shan.

.Liu T ao is______ ________ Gao Shan.

Gao Shan.is ______ ______ Liu T ao.

2.David is the tallest student in his class.

.David is_____than______ _____ _____ in his class.

衔接训练

一、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Of the three girls,I found Millie is the _________(clever).

2.There are ________(few)people here today than yesterday.

3.My sister is two years________(old)than I .

4.Jane’s parents have four daughters, and she i s the ________(young)child.

5.The _________(cheap)things are not always the worst ones.

6.The short one is ____________(expensive)of the five.

7.The boy is not so _________(interesting)as his brother.

8. She will be much _________(happy)in her new house.

二、单项选择

1.He feels______today than yesterday.

A. tired B .more tired C. more tireder D. much tired

2.Of the two toys,the child chose________.

A. the more expensive one

B. one most expensive

C. a least expensive

D.the most expensive of them

3.The line is ____than that one.

A. more longer

B. not longer

C. much more longer

D. many more longer

4.The book is _______of the three.

A. thinner B . the thinner C .more thinner D. the thinnest

5.She looks ______than she is.

A. the more older B, very older C. much older D. more older

6. The garden is becoming _______.

A. more and more beautiful

B. more beautiful and beautiful

C. more beautiful and more

D. more beautiful and beautifuler

7._______hurry, _______speed.

A. More; less

B. Much; little

C. The more; the less

D. The much; the little

8 Looking ______at his mother, the little boy looked_____.

A. happy;good

B. happy; well

C. sad; sadly

D. sadly; sad

三、根据汉语提示完成句子。

1.这本书跟那本书一样有趣。

This book is ____ __________ ________that one.

2.这个故事不如那个有趣。

This story is ______ ________than that one.

3.今天比昨天冷得多。

It is _________ ________ today _______ it was yesterday.

4.他对英语越来越感兴趣。

He is becoming ______ ________ _______ ______ in English.

5.他吃得越多,就越胖。

_______ _______ he eats , _______ _______he gets.

6.他比我大两岁。

He is______ _______ _______ than I. 四、副词

1.什么是副词?

副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的词,以说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。

We should listen to our teachers carefully.

In spring , I can see flowers everywhere.

2.副词的种类有哪些?

(1)方式副词,如quickly,neatly,happily

(2)地点、方位副词,如here,away,outside,west

(3)时间副词,如yesterday,already,just,now,before,later,often,sometimes

(4)强调副词,very,too,even,only,

4.副词在句中的位置和排列顺序

(1)时间、地点副词,小在前,大在后。

He comes from New York,America.

(2)方式副词,短在前,长在后。

Please write slowly and carefully.

(3)方式+地点+时间

The old woman runs very slowly along the river at 6:00 every morning.

4.副词同形容词一样也有比较级和最高级形式。

5.常见副词的区别:

(1)very, much, very much

Very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级;much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级;very much用于修饰动词。

John is very good.

This garden is much bigger than that one.

I love music very much

(2)so , such

○1 so修饰形容词或副词;such修饰名词。

My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.

He is such a boy.

(3)also ,too, as well, either

also ,too, as well,用于肯定句,also常用于be动词、情态动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前,too, as well用于句末;either用于否定句末。

My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher.

= My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well. = My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher,too.

I can’t speak French. Jenny can’t speak French,either. sometime, sometimes, some time, some times

sometime意为“某一时间“,可指将来,过去;sometimes意为“有时”;some time指“一段时间”;some times指“几次,几倍”。We’ll have a test sometime next month.

Sometimes we are busy and sometimes,we are not.

He stayed in Beijing for some time last year.

I have been to Beijing some times.

例题引路

一、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.He is too tired and he can’t walk as_______(quick)as his father.

2.I feel _________(well)today than yesterday.

3.Helen draws___________(care)of the girls in her class.

二、单项选择

1.Remember not to speak_______when we are in the reading room.

A. fast

B. slowly

C. politely

D.loudly

2.----What was the weather like yesterday?

----It was terrible.It rained so _______that people could______go out.

A.hardly; hard

B. hardly; hard

C. hard ; hardly

D. hard; hard 3.There was an accident at the corner._____,t he girl wasn’t _____hurt.

A.Luckily; badly

B..Luck; hardly

C. Lucky; heavily

D. Lucky;strongly

衔接训练

一、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Who gets up ________(early),Yang Linor Miss Liu?

2.Tom did well in the exam,so his classmates spoke________(high)of him.

3. He put on his coat and went out _______(quick)

4.It’s dangerous to stand outside,for the wind is blowing ________(strong).

5.He learns math ______(quick) than the other students.

6.English is _______(wide)used in the world.

7.They don’t know why you talked to them so __________(angry.)

8.It is raining _________(heavy),so you’d better not go out now.

9.He did the work as _________(careful) as most of us.

10.Li Lei and Lin Tao are working much________(hard)than before.

二、单项选择

1. Jack’s brother doesn’t work so ________as Jack.

A. harder

B. hard C . hardest D. hardly

2.Jim speaks Chinese very_______.

A. good

B. better

C. well

D. best

3.He drives much _______than he did three years ago.

A. careful

B. carefully C . more careful D. more carefully

4. I think Math is _______more difficult than English.

A. much

B. very

C. too

D. so

5. My son looks _____today.He is playing _______with other children.

A. happy; happy

B. happy ; happily

C. happily; happily

D.

happily; happy

6. Look! There is _______ice on the lake.

A. too much

B. too many

C. much too

D. so many

7.She walked into the room ______because her mother was sleeping.

A. clear

B.quiet

C.quick .

D. quietly

8. Jim’s computer is _______than ________. Don’t you think so?

A. a lot newer; Lin Tao

B. very new; Lin Tao’s

C. much newer; Lin Tao’s

D.a little newer; Lin Tao

六、代词

1.什么是代词?如何分类?

代词是用来代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的一类词。按其指代作用不同可分为人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、关系代词、相互代词八类。

2. 人称代词

(1)人称代词的概念

人称代词是为了避免重复,用来代替前面提到的人或事物的名称的一类代词。

Jim and Liu Tao ,Miss Li is waiting for you!

Pick up your books and put them away.

(2) 人称代词的人称、数和格

人称代词是表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我

(3)人称代词的基本用法

○1人称代词主格在句中作主语,是动作的执行者。

She likes playing volleyball very much.

○2人称代词宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语,是动作的承受者。Mr. Brown teaches us English.

You must look after them.

3.物主代词

(1)物主代词的概念

物主代词是表示所有关系的一类代词。

This isn’t my Walkman.It’s hers.

○1形容词性物主代词和形容词有相似之处,用来修饰名词,不可以单独使用。These are their books. Her name is Cheng Jie.

○2名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,后面不必再加名词。

This is my pen .That is yours/your pen.

4. 疑问代词

(1)疑问代词基本用法

疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,常被用来构成疑问句,置于句首。

Whose book is this ? What are you reading now?

(2)常见的疑问代词有:what,which,who,whom,whose等。指人的是who,whom,whose; Which do you like better , tea or milk? What’s your father?

Whose books are these on the desk?

5. 指示代词

this,these ,指较近的事物;that, those指较远的事物。

6.反身代词

(1)反身代词的构成:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves herself, himself,

itself, themselves, oneself

(2)反身代词的用法

反身代词可以作宾语等。

We enjoyed ourselves very much.

7.不定代词

(1)常见的不定代词有:all, each,both,either,neither,little,few,many,much,other,another, some,any,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,someone,anyone,no one,everyone,something,anything,everything,none.

(2) 常见的不定代词区别

○1both,either,neither

both表示“两者都”,either 表示“两者中的任何一个”,neither 表示“两者都不”。

Both of us are right. Either you two is OK. Neither of us is right. 提示:

1.both +名词复数= either +名词单数

There are many trees on both sides of the street.

= There are many trees on either side of the street

2.both…and… 作主语时谓语动词用复数,either…or… 和neither…nor…作主语时谓语动词的单复数与邻近的主语保持一致。Both Tom and Jenny are from America.

Either Tom or I am right.=Either I or Tom is right.

Neither Tom nor I am right.=Neither I nor Tom is right.

○2few, a few, 与little ,a little

few和 a few 修饰可数名词的复数,谓语动词都用复数,little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词,谓语动词都用单数。a few ,a little 是肯定的含义,意为“一些”; few,little是否定的含义,意为“几乎没有”。

A few students go to the park. Few students go to the park. He has a little hair. He has little hair.

○3each 和every

each 和every都意为“每一个”,后面的谓语动词都要用单数。Each man has his life. Every singer has his successful song. ○4other,another,the other,others,与the others

other表示“其他的,另外的”,后面跟名词或代词;“another+单数名词”意为“又一个,另外一个”,泛指。无限定范围;the other 表示“另外一个”,指两者中的另外一个;others表示“其他人”,泛指复数含义,无限定范围,后面不能跟名词;the others表示“其他人”,特指的复数,指在一定范围内去除一部分后剩下的另一部分。

I have two flowers.One is red, the other one is white. Tom is taller than the others in his class.

Would you like another cup of tea?

There are many people in the park, some are talking,some are flying kites and others are reading.

例题引导

一、用other,the other,others,与the others 填空

1. He has two daughters.One is a nurse,________is a worker.

2. Some people like walking. Some like running.________like swimming.

3.Two boys will go to the zoo,and _______will stay at home.

4. Do you have any _______qustions?

二、单项选择

1.---________school is much larger than ________?

----Really?

AOur; your B. Our; yours C. Ours ; yours D. We; you

2. ________are all in Class6.

A.You,I and he

B. He, you and I

C.I ,you and he .

D.You ,he and I

3.The buildings in Dalian are similar(相似的) to ______in Tokyo.

A. ones

B. those

C. these

D. that

衔接训练一、单项选择

1,He is not a warm-hearted man, so _____people can get on well with hm.

A. few

B. a few

C. little

D. a little

2. ______of us has read the newspaper,so we know nothing about it.

A.Some

B. Both

C. None

D. All

3.My bike is broken.May I borrow_________?

A. you

B. yourself

C. yours

D.your

4. I bought _______exercise books with _______money.

A. a few; a few

B. a few; a little

C. a little ; a few .

D. a little; a little

5.---_____is he?

He is a bus driver.

A.Who

B. Which

C. That

D. What

6.--- ________hat is this ?

----It’s________.

A.Whose;me

B. Who; mine

C. Whom; his

D.Whose; mine

7.He has ________to tell us.

A. something important

B. important something

C. anything useful

D. useful nothing

8. _____of the teachers are OK in our school.

A. Every

B. Each

C. Either

D. All

9. Of the three foreigners, one is from London,and _____are from thexUSA.

A.two others

B.the other two

C.. another two

D. the both

10. ---Which would you like,sir,tea or coffee?

---I don’t mind.______is OK.

A. Either

B. Neither

C. Any

D. Both

中考时态复习总结及练习

一.一般现在时

概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.

基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

用法:

1. 经常性动作等。常与everyday, often, always, once a week, seldom, usually等连用。

She always goes to school by bus.

2. 真理和事实。

Light travels faster than sound.

3.在由when, if, before, as soon as, unless等引导的时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

When I grow up, I will be a soldier.(主将从现)

4.表示主语的习惯特征,性格,能力等。

He studies very hard.

二、一般过去时态

概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, ju st now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。

用法:

1.表示过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和明确的时间状语连用。(或有上下文语境暗示)

She went out just now.

I saw him yesterday.

2.表示过去经常发生的动作。

Last month she worked eleven hours every day.

He used to get up early.

注意:有一些容易变化错误的单词,如:

prefer→ preferred,

三、一般将来时

概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

基本结构:①am/is/are/going to + do;

②will/shall + do.

否定形式:①am/is/are/ + not; ②will/shall+ not;,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。

用法:

①表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词(常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等)。

He will visit shanghai next week.

②be going to与will / shall,用法及区别:

be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事,这种打算往往经过事先考虑,甚至已做了某种准备;

shall / will do表示未事先考虑过,即说话时临时作出的决定。

If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正确)

If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)

eg: The sun will rise at 6:30 tomorrow morning

四、现在进行时

概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.

基本结构:am/is/are+doing

否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.

一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

用法:(1)表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。

eg: --What are you doing?

--I’m reading English.

(2) 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。

eg: 1)They are studying hard this term.

2)We arte picking apples on a farm these

days.

(3) go, leave, arrive, start, visit,move 等动词用现在进行时表示将来.

eg: 1)I’m going to Beijing this Sunday.

2)The bus is coming soon.

(4) 当时间状语为now, these days等时或当句子中含有look, listen, can you see, can’t you see之类的暗示词时,要使用现在进行时。

练习:

(1)Don’t turn on the TV. Grandma _ now.

A. is sleeping

B. will sleep

C. slept

D. sleeps

(2) Listen. They _ with Mr Wang in the room.

A. chatting

B. are chatting

C. were chatting

D. will chat 五、过去进行时

概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

基本结构:was/were+doing

否定形式:was/were + not + doing.

一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

2.用法:(1)表示过去某一时刻某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time yesterday,at ten yesterday 等连用,或用另一类动作表示过去的时间。

eg: 1)—What were you doing at nine last night?

--I was watching TV at that time.

2)He was reading when I came in.

3)I was doing my homework while my parents were watching TV.

(2)注意在含有when或while引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中过去进行时的运用:

1)主句中的动作先于从句中的动作发生,且是延续性动词,主句用过去进行时(从句用一般过去时)。

eg: When the UFO arrived, I was watchi且是延续性动词,从句用过去进行时(主句用一般过去时)。

eg: While I was walking in the street, the

accident happened.

3) 若主、从句动作同时发生或无所谓先后时,主从句可同时使用过去进行时,此时的时间状语从句一般由while引导。

eg: I was doing my homework while my parents

were doing the chores.

六、现在完成时

概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

时间状语:recently, latel y, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

基本结构:have/has + done

否定形式:have/has + not +d one.

一般疑问句:have或has。

用法:

(1)结果:表示过去发生的或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响后结果。

eg:1)—Have you had your lunch yet?

--Yes, I have. I’ve just had it.

2)I have lost my pen.

3)I have already watched the TV play.

4)—Have you found your lost pen?

--No, I haven’t found it yet.

注意:already, yet常和现在完成时连用。

1)already 用于肯定句,可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前也可放在句末。

2)yet用于疑问句,表示“已经”,用于否定句,表“还”,常放在句末。

(2)持续:表示动作或状态已经开始,持续到现在,也许还要持续下去,常和for, since连用,表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词。 eg: 1)We have lived here since 2000.

2)I have learnt English for three years.

(3)几个副词在现在完成时中的用法:

① just“刚刚”,表示动作刚结束,常放在助动词与过去分词之间。

eg: He has just come back from Beijing.

② ever“曾经”,用于疑问句或否定句中,位于助动词与过去分词之间。

eg: Have you ever been to Shanghai?

③ never“从来没有”,常与before连用,多放在助动词与过去分词之间。 eg: I have never travelled by plane before.

④ before“以前”,指过去不确定的某个时间,总放在句末不受句型的限制。

eg: I haven’t heard of it before.

⑤ for +时间段 , 应特别注意:谓语动词必须是延续性动词。since +时间点或过去时的句子

如:他离开已八年了。

误:He has died for eight years.

正:He has been dead for eight years.

(5)延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法

① 非延续性动词不可与表示一段的时间状语连用。

eg: The poor old man has died. (T)

The poor old man has died for three years. (F)

The poor old man has been dead for three years.

② 非延续性动词与一段时间状语连用可采用下述方法:

1)将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词:

come→ be here, go→ be there, die→ be dead,

borrow→ keep, buy→ have, join→ be in/be a …

member, leave→ be away,begin to study→ study,

finish→ be over, get up→ be up, put on→ wear,

catch a cold→ have a cold, wake up→ be awake,

fall asleep→ be asleep, arrive/get→ be,

lose→ not have, leave→ be away from

练习:

1. I________ this book for two weeks. I have to return it now.

A. borrowed

B. have borrowed

C. kept

D. have kept

2.—Why not go to see the flower show with us?

--I ________ it.

A. saw

B. had seen

C. see

D. have seen

14-15学年外研九年级上学期试题

一、单项选择

1.Jim is excellent student and he does very well at school.

A. a

B. a

C. some

D. /

( )2.Xiao Li had a problem, so she asked Miss Lu help.

A. in

B. with

C. of

D. for

( )3.I can’t read this word. Can you tell me its right .

A. form

B. spelling

C. pronunciation

D. grammar

( )4.Jim speaks Chinese very well because he practises it every day.

A. speaking

B. speak

C. to speak

D. speaks

( )5.Mr Li, could you give me some about how to play football well?

A. suggestion

B. way

C. advice

D. idea

( )6.You don’t need to every word in the dictionary when you read an article.

A. afraid to

B. listen for

C. complete up

D. look up

( )7. I think she is right, so I her.

A. look at

B. write down

C. agree with

D. talk about

( )8.My teachers advise us computer games. That is bad for our eyes.

A. to play

B. playing

C. not to play

D. not play

( )9. — How about taking a walk after supper?

—.

A. Don’t worry

B. Good idea

C. Thanks a lot

D. You’re welcome

10.—Don’t to put the book back on the shelf when you leave, Tina. — OK. I

won’t.

A. forget

B. hope

C. remember

D. think

( )11.I think reading English aloud is for our pronunciation.

A. possible

B. exciting

C. good

D. bad

( )12.It’s very hot in the classroom. open the windows?

A. What about

B. Why not

C. Do you want

D. Why don’t

( )13.— Where is your mother, Jim?

— She a book in the room now.

A. reads

B. will read

C. read

D. is reading

14.Ma Li didn’t watch TV last night because there wasn’t on it.

A. something interesting

B. interesting something

C. anything interesting

D. interesting anything

二、完形填空(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)

What are things going 51 like in the year 2100? Can you guess?

You wake up (醒来) 52 7:00. Y our 53 may be all ready for you to eat. People needn’t cook.

Now you start 54 . But you don’t go 55 . You get on a moving sidewalk (人行道). It carries you to a train station. There you 56 a train.

Three o’clock comes. You work is over for a day. ―I’ll call my friend, John.‖ You say.

John 57 the visual(可视的) phone. You and he hear and see each other over the phone. ―What are you going to do 58 Saturday?’ you ask. ―Will yo u come and visit the underwater park (水下公园) with me?‖ John may say, ―I want 59 a spaceship(宇宙飞船)! Let’s 60 the moon.‖

( ) 51. A. be B. to be C. / D. to

( ) 52. A. in B. on C. at D. /

( ) 53. A. breakfast B. lunch C. dinner D. drink

( ) 54. A. work B. worked C. works D. to work ( ) 55. A. by car B. by a car C. take a car D. take cars ( ) 56. A. by B. take C. takes D. took

( ) 57. A. ask B. asked C. answers D. answered ( ) 58. A. at B. on C. in D. /

( ) 59. A. take B. to take C. in D. /

( ) 60. A. fly B. fly to C. flew D. flying to

三、阅读理解

A

Alice is a 14-year-old girl from England. She lives with her parents in a big house in London. She has a dog, and its name is Larry. She loves taking a walk with Larry every morning before going to school.

She walks to school at 7: 30 am. Her favourite subjects are maths and music. She is good at singing and dancing. And she wants to be a music teacher in the future.

根据短文内容判断正误,正确为―A‖,错误为―B‖。

( )26. Alice is 13 year old.

( )27. Alice lives in a big house in London.

( )28. Alice likes taking a walk with Larry after school.

( )29. English and music are Alice’s favourite subjects.

( )30. Alice is good at singing and dancing.

B

As the new term begins, our shop has many kinds of school things on sale.

Our shop also has a lot of useful books and dictionaries on sale. You can come and buy what you need. Our shop is on the second floor of Shopping Centre at our school. The shop is open from 9:00 am to 7:00 pm every day.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

( )31. What’s the price of a pen?

A. 4.5 yuan.

B. 5 yuan.

C. 7 yuan.

D. 9 yuan.

( )32. and have the same price.

A. Pencils; rulers

B. Rulers; erasers

C. Erasers; notebooks

D. Pencils; erasers

( )33. If Lucy wants to buy two pencils and one notebook, she should pay yuan.

A. five

B. six

C. seven

D. eight

( )34. You can save yuan if you buy two rulers at a time.

A. one

B. two

C. four

D. five

( )35. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. There are five kinds of school supplies in the shop.

B. The shop also sells some dictionaries.

C. The shop is in the Shopping Centre.

D. The shop opens for ten hours a day.

根据表格内容,选择最佳答案。

( )36. The lecture is on .

A. Tuesday afternoon

B. Friday evening

C. Saturday morning

D. Thursday afternoon ( )37.Mr. Thompson was a three years ago.

A. teacher

B. student

C. businessman

D. president

( )38. The lecture lasts minutes.

A. 40

B. 60

C. 100

D. 120

( )39.From the lecture, we can learn the ways to .

A. translate English sentence

B. make pen friends

C. remember English vocabulary

D. start a conversation

( )40. gives the notice.

A. An English training school

B. An English club

C. Mr. Thompson

D. The school office

短文改错,

It’s Sunday morning. There is some 1.

childrens in the park. They are having 2.

an good time .Some are playing games 3.

under a big tree .Some are sing, 4.

and dancing. Some boys and girls are

flying the kites on the hill. Other

are swiming in the lake. 5.

五、A. 单词拼写:根据句子意思及所给的中文提示完成单词。每空只能填一词。

46. Mary often helps me (改正) the mistakes.

47. Gao Li has a poor (词汇量).

48. I can’t (理解) what you said.

49. What’s the (主要的) problem?

50. Linda often makes a (交谈) in English with her friend.

阅读下面短文,选择最佳的答案。

My name is Liu Yuqing. I will never 16 my first English teacher, Miss Yang, because I learned a lot from her. Miss Yang is a young woman. She has a round face 17 big eyes. There is always a 18 on her face.

She taught me English when I entered the school. When I first met her, I was 19 and couldn’t speak a word of English. She said to me, ―Come on! Don’t be shy. You can do it well.‖ She always 20 me with my English when she was free.

Every day, she prepared (准备) her lessons 21 before class. When she came into the classroom, she said hello to 22 . She tried to make every class 23 . She had all kinds of activities in class and tried to make every student speak English. After class, if we had problems with studies or life, she would give us some 24 .

With her help, my English 25 a lot and she was very happy for me. Miss Yang is really a good teacher.

( )16. A. see B. forget

C. remember

D. tell

( )17. A. in B. of

C. on

D. with

( )18. A. message B. mouth

C. smile

D. club

( )19. A. shy B. sad

C. happy

D. strict

( )20. A. sent B. matched

C. helped

D. filled

( )21. A. clearly B. carefully

C. loudly

D. badly

( )22. A. everybody B. anybody

C. somebody

D. nobody

( )23. A. tiring B. boring

C. interesting

D. bad ( )24. A. news B. time

C. money

D. advice ( )25. A. needed B. improved

C. knew

D. too

14-15学年外研九年级上学期试题2

一. 选择填空(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)

( )1. The population of Maoming is very .

A. large

B. larger

C. many ( )2 .—was your summer holiday?

— Pretty good. I had a wonderful time in Beijing.

A. When

B. How

C. Why ( )3.— How tall is that tower?

— About .

A. 300-metres tall

B. 300 metre tall

C. 300 metres tall ( )4The streets in my city are than before.

A. busy

B. busier

C. very busier

( )5. Guangdong Province is the south of China.

A. in

B. on

C. off ( )6. The beautiful town is never too hot too cold.

A. and

B. or

C. but

( )7. My bag is newer than .

A. his

B. him

C. he

( )8. There are about five people in this city.

A. millions of

B. millions

C. million

( )9. A fter dinner, many people like to go for a walk the river.

A. in

B. with

C. along

10. The hat is too small for me. Could you give me a one?

A. bigger

B. newer

C. smaller

( )11. Many people go to Hong Kong things.

A. buying

B. to buy

C. buy ( )12. This film is as as that one.

A. interesting

B. interested

C. interest ( )13.— Where Linda go on vacation last summer?

— She to Shanghai.

A. did; goes

B. does; went

C. did; went

( )14. He is stronger than in his class.

A. all the boys

B. any other boy

C. many other boy

( )15. Which movie star is , Jackie Chan or Stephen Chow?

A. funnier

B. funny

C. much funny

二. 完形填空

Have you heard of Big Ben? Big Ben is a very big and famous

16 in London, the 17 of England. It is 18 bigger than many other clocks in the world. The clock weighs 23 tons (吨). Its minute hand is 4.27 metres 19 and its hour 20 is 2.75 metres long. The clock tower is about 98 21 high.

Big Ben got its 22 from Sir Benjamin Hall. He was responsible (负责的) for the making of the clock. In 1858, people were 23 the new House of Parliament (议会大厦) of England, and at the same time they were also building a big clock. However, 24 could think of a good name for the big clock. Sir Benjamin Hall 25 a joke and said, ―Why don’t we 26 it Big Ben?‖ At his words, all the people 27 . But from 28 on, the new clock was really called Big Ben.

Today, Big Ben is very famous and people from all over the world want to see 29 . The clock is not only 30 but also accurate (精确的). It makes a loud sound every hour. On New Year’s Eve, millions of people listen to it on TV!

( )16. A. place B. clock C. house

( )17. A. capital B. town C. country

( )18. A. many B. much C. more

( )19. A. old B. high C. long

( )20. A. hand B. foot C. head

( )21. A. metres B. kilometres C. centimetres (厘米)

( )22. A. colour B. time C. name

( )23. A. finding B. building C. doing

( )24. A. nobody B. everybody C. somebody ( )25. A. did B. made C. saw

( )26. A. call B. tell C. say

( )27. A. cried B. listened C. laughed

( )28. A. then B. now C. today ( )29. A. him B. it C. them

( )30. A. small B. big C. new

三.阅读理解。(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)

( )31. Where does the trip start from?

A. Yangzhou.

B. Beijing.

C. Ti an’anmen Square.

D. Changcheng Hotel.

( )32. How long will trip be?

A. Two nights.

B. Four nights.

C. Five days.

D. Two days.

( )33. What is the hotel for the trip?

A. Beijing Hotel.

B. Changcheng Hotel.

C. Night Club.

D. Beijing Hotel and Changcheng Hotel.

( )34. When can you get the lowest (最低的) price to go to Beijing?

A. Jun,8,2013

B. Jul,29,2013

C. Aug,30,2013

D. Sept,30,2013

( )35. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. You can book the trip on the Internet or call the company.

B. You can go swimming in Changcheng Hotel.

C. There are restaurants in both Beijing Hotel and Changcheng Hotel.

D. The travel company works at anytime from Monday to Friday.

B

Do you remember when your grandma told you the story of Snow White? Ah, the happy days of childhood!

But did you know that Snow White comes from Germany? It’s just one story from the 209 in Grimm’s Fairy Tales (格林童话). The Grimm brothers started to collect fairy tales in 1806. Their first book came out in 1812.

Why are German fairy tales so interesting? Maybe it’s because they come from a great place famous for its stories – the Black Forest.

The Black Forest is in the southwest of Germany. It’s a very large and beautiful forest of the country. It’s famous for its trees and lovely views (风景). There are valleys (峡谷) and waterfalls there. It’s a good place to start a story.

Don’t forget to bring something back if you visit. People there are good at making clocks, musical instruments (乐器) and watches.

( )36. Where is the home town of Snow White?

A. Germany.

B. England.

C. China.

D. America.

( )37. How many stories are there in Grimm’s Fairy Tales?

A. 1806.

B. 1812.

C. 209.

D. Only one.

( )38. How long did the Grimm brothers collect the stories?

A. For 4 years.

B. For 5 years.

C. For 6 years.

D. For 7 years.

( )39. From the story, we can infer (推断) the Black Forest is .

A. large

B. beautiful

C. famous

D. all of the above

( )40. What does the passage want to tell us?

A. We should remember our grandma because she told us the story of Snow White.

B. The Black Forest is a valley.

C. We should visit Germany to find Snow White.

D. German fairy tales start from the Black Forest in Germany.

四.根据汉语提示填入恰当的单词完成句子。

46. The streets in the city are (宽的) than the roads in my home town.

47. Beijing is in the (北方) of China.

48. East or (西方), home is best. 49. There are many (大学) in Guangdong.

50. Last month, we went to the (乡下) to have a trip.

51. I like learning foreign languages, (尤其) English.

52. When Lily was young, she often worked on that (小山).

53. These houses here are (低的) than the buildings in the city.

54. People from different (地区) have different ways of living.

55. Finally, we got to the top of the (山岳).

初中英语六种时态练习

1. It is a fine day. The sun __________(shine) brightly.

2. They ___________(visit) the Science Museum next Sunday.

3. Mr Brown________(live) in Beijing since he came to China.

4. Mr Wang ________(teach) us English two years ago.

5. The Smiths _______________( watch) TV at this time last night.

6. We __________(learn) about ten English songs by the end of last term.

7. Father said that he ____________(buy) a new bike for me the next Friday.

8. Bill isn’t here. He ___________(chat) with his friends in the classroom.

9. The teacher said that the moon __________(go) round the earth.

10. The Young Pioneers will go to the zoo if it ____________(not rain) this Sunday.

一般现在时

1. _____ you have a book?

A. Do

B. Are

C. Is

D. Have

2.She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.

A. doing

B. to do

C. does

D. do

3.How ____________ Mr. Brown ___________ to America?

A. do,go

B. is,go

C. does,go

D. does,goes

4.Where’s my camera? I____________ it.

A. am not finding

B. am not seeing

C. can’t find

D. can’t look at

5.How ___________ he go to work?

He ___________ to work by bike.

A. does ;go

B. do;goes

C. do ;go

D. does;goes

一般过去时

1.________ your father ________ ( go ) to work every day last year?

2.—What time _______ you _______ (get) to Beijing yesterday?

—We __________ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.

3.What __________ (make) him cry (哭) just now?

https://www.doczj.com/doc/4018064724.html,st year the teacher ___________ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.

5.There ____________ a telephone call for you just now. (be)

一般将来时

1. I ______(leave)in a minute. I ______(finish)all my work before

I ______ (leave).

2. —How long _____ you _____(study)in our country?

—I _____(plan)to be here for about one more year.

3. I ______(be)tired. I ______(go)to bed early tonight.

4. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____(give)her a present.

5. It is very cold these days. It ______(snow)soon.

11.There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

A. will be going to

B. will going to be

C. is going to be

D. will go to be

12. Charlie ________ here next month.

A. isn’t working

B. doesn’t working

C. isn’t going to working

D. won’t work

13. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.

A. will be; is

B. is; is

C. will be; will be

D. is; will be

14. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.

A. was

B. is going to have

C. will have

D. is going to be

15. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?

– No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.

A. Are; going to; will

B. Are; going to be; will

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