全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试
英语阅读(一)试题
课程代码：00595
请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上
本试卷共14页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。
I. CAREFUL READING
Read the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points, 2 points each)
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
A head track coach, Bill Bowerman, designed a pair of lighter shoes with better support and greater strength and sent the design to leading sporting-goods companies. They all turned him down.
The rejections brought Bowerman face to face with his own philosophy of“competitive response.”He had taught his sportsmen to value competition not so much for its prizes as for its intellectual and spiritual satisfaction. This was true of his determination to make the shoes himself.
He made his first pair of track shoes light and graceful. His runners won in his hand-made shoes. But who would like to manufacture such shoes?
In 1962, Knight, one of Bowerman’s sportsmen, offered to travel to Japan and called on one of Japan’s best manufacturers of sports shoes. The manufacturer promised to produce shoes of his design and Knight’s company would be their only distributor in the U.S. A year later, a shipment of 200 Bowerman shoes arrived in Oregon.
At first, Knight and Bowerman worked with a small team and went selling out of cars at track meets. But slowly, the running world got to know the secret of their product.
Then in 1972, the Japanese company cut off all supplies to their company and established a separate distribution network in the U.S. In 30 days Knight succeeded in finding a new manufacturer. And today the company takes the largest share in the shoe business. You ask me the brand name of the shoes? It’s Nike, named after the Greek Goddess of Victory.
Bowerman, Knight and the Nike team have a firm belief that a shared responsibility requires outstanding individual performance and a willingness to contribute that performance to the group.
1. The new track shoes designed by Bowerman ______.
A. helped develop his team’s athletic skills
B. helped improve his runners’ performance
C. opened up the Japanese sports shoes market
D. opened up the American sports shoes market
2. Bowerman’s response to competition is related to sportsmen’s ______.
A. team spirit
B. spiritual needs
C. material rewards
D. prize winning
3. According to the passage, Bowerman shoes were first sold by ______.
A. the shoe manufacturer in Japan
B. Knight, Bowerman and their team
C. a leading sporting-goods company in Japan
D. a leading sporting-goods company in America
4. The difficulty Knight ran into in 1972 arose from ______.
A. the rejection of the shoe design
B. the quality problem of the shoes
C. the competition from other companies
D. the Japanese company’s new decision
5. The success of the Nike team lies in ______.
A. the manufacturer’s philosophy
B. the fashionable design of the shoes
C. their cooperation with a foreign company
D. their individual performance and teamwork
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
Seventeenth-century houses in colonial North America were simple structures that were primarily functional, carrying over traditional designs that went back to the Middle Ages. During the first half of the eighteenth century, however, houses began to show a new elegance. As wealth increased, more and more colonists built fine houses.
Since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies, the design of buildings was left to carpenters who undertook to interpret architectural manuals imported from England. There are an astonishing number of these handbooks for builders in colonial libraries, and the houses erected during the eighteenth century show their influence. Most domestic architecture of the first three-quarters of the eighteenth century displayed a wide range of taste and freedom of application of the rules laid down in these books.
Increasing wealth throughout the colonies resulted in houses of improved design, whether the material was wood, stone or brick. New England still favored wood, though brick houses became common in Boston and other towns, where the danger of fire forced people to use more durable material. A few houses in New England were built of stone, but only in Pennsylvania and its neighboring areas was stone widely used in dwellings. An increased use of bricks is noticeable in Virginia and Maryland, but wood remained the most popular material even in houses built by wealthy landowners. In the Carolinas, even in the crowded town of Charleston, wooden houses were much more common than brick houses.
Eighteenth-century houses showed great interior improvements over their predecessors. Windows were made larger and shutters removed. Large, clear panes replaced the gray glass of the seventeenth century. Doorways were larger and more decorative. Fireplaces became decorative features of rooms. Walls were sometimes elaborately decorated. White paint began to take the place of blue, yellow, green and gray colors, which had been popular for walls in the earlier years.
After about 1730, advertisements for wallpaper styles in scenic patterns began to appear in colonial newspapers.
6. The passage mainly discusses ______.
A. the improved design of the 18th century colonial houses
B. the role of carpenters in building the 18th century houses
C. the varieties of decorations used in the 18th century houses
D. a comparison of the 18th century houses and modern houses
7. Those responsible for designing houses in the 18th century North America were ______.
A. customers
B. carpenters
C. interior decorators
D. professional architects
8. Stones were commonly used to build houses in ______.
A. Virginia
B. Boston
C. Charleston
D. Pennsylvania
9. The word“predecessors”(para. 4) refers to ______.
A. colonists in the 17th century
B. wooden houses in Charleston
C. houses before the 18th century
D. interior improvements in houses
10. It can be inferred from the 4th paragraph that before 1730 ______.
A. patterned wallpaper was not widely used
B. pattemed wallpaper was not used in stone houses
C. wallpaper samples could be found in libraries
D. wallpaper was the same color as the wall paints
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
The universities from which today’s universities are descendents were founded in the Middle Ages. They were established either by corporations of students wanting to learn, as in Italy, or by teachers wanting to teach, as in France. Corporations that had special legal or customary privileges for the purpose of carrying out the intentions of the incorporators were common in those days. The university corporations of the Middle Ages at the height of their power were not
responsible to anybody, and could not be punished by any authorities. They claimed, and made good their claim, complete independence of all religious and nonreligious control. The American university was, however, at first a corporation formed by a religious group or by the state for the purposes of the group.
The American university in the seventeenth century was much closer to the American university today than to the university in the Middle Ages. The Puritan communities needed ministers and professional men and so they established universities to provide them. Later, religious groups built universities in order to extend their own influence. For example, the University of Chicago was founded by devout (虔诚的) Baptists to combat the rising tide of Methodism in the Middle West and Shakers in the East. The president and the trustees of the University were required to have the proper
religious relations in order to keep the University on the right path. Fortunately, the combination of John D, Rockefeller, William Rainey Harper, and the enlightened wing of the Baptist Church preserved the university from too narrow an interpretation of its purpose.
11. French universities in the Middle Ages were founded by ______.
A. the government
B. groups of scholars
C. the Catholic Church
D. students wanting to learn
12. Puritans set up universities primarily for the purpose of ______.
A. training school teachers
B. influencing the government
C. providing ministers and professionals
D. supplying professionals for corporations
13. The University of Chicago was established by ______.
A. Shakers
B. Puritans
C. Methodists
D. Baptists
14. The writer mentions John D. Rockefeller and William Rainey Harper to show that ______.
A. they were important founders of the university
B. they were extremely faithful in their religious beliefs
C. they broadened the original goal of the university
D. they stuck to the founding principles of the university
15. Early universities in the U.S. were founded mostly for ______.
A. economic reasons
B. political reasons
C. religious purposes
D. academic purposes
Passage 4
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the foliowing passage.
If you are looking for an explanation of why we don’t get tough with criminals, you need only look at the numbers. Each year almost a third of the households in America are victims of violence or theft. This amounts to more than 41 million crimes, many more than we are able to punish. There are also too many criminals. We don’t have room for any more!
The painful fact is that the more crime there is, the less we are able to punish it. We think that punishment prevents crime, but it just might be the other way around. When there is so much crime it is simply impossible to deal with it or punish it. This is the situation we find ourselves in today: the gradual increase in the criminal population has made it more difficult to get into prison. Some of the most exclusive prisons now require about five serious crimes before a criminal is accepted.
These features show that it makes little sense to blame the police or judges for being soft on criminals. There is not much else they can do. The police can’t find most criminals and those they do find are difficult and costly to convict. Those convicted can’t all be sent to prison. The public demands that we do everything we can against crime. The practical reality is that there is very little the police, courts or prisons can do about the crime problem.
We could, of course, get tough with the people we already have in prison and keep them locked up for longer periods of time. Yet when measured against the lower crime rates this would probably produce, longer prison sentences are not worth the cost to states and local governments. Besides, those states that have tried to gain voters’ approval for building new prisons often discover that the public is unwilling to pay for prison constructions. And if it were willing to pay,
long prison sentences may not be effective in reducing crime.
More time spent in prison is also more expensive. The best estimates are that it costs an average of $13,000 to keep a person in prison for one year. If we had a place to keep the 124,000 released prisoners, it would have cost us $1.6 billion to prevent 15,000 crimes. This works out to more than $100,000 per crime prevented. But there is more. With the average cost of prison construction running around $50,000 per bed, it would cost more than $6 billion to build the necessary cells. The first-year operating cost would be $150,000 per crime prevented, worth it if
the victim were you or me, but much too expensive to be feasible as a national policy.
Faced with the reality of the numbers, I will not be so foolish as to suggest a solution to the crime problem. My contribution to the public debate begins and ends with this simple observation: getting tough with criminals is not the answer.
16. By saying“it just might be the other way around”(para. 2), the writer means ______.
A. severe punishment lowers crime rates
B. soft measures lead to the rise of crime rates
C. easy policies are more effective than strict ones
D. the increase in crime makes punishment difficult
17. It is wrong to blame the police or judges for not being hard on criminals partly because ______.
A. trials are expensive
B. criminals are very dangerous
C. the police force is weak
D. the public fill to support the court
18. The cost for constructing prisons is ______.
A. $13,000 per bed
B. $50,000 per bed
C. $100,000 per bed
D. $150,000 per bed
19. The writer of the passage bases his argument mainly upon ______.
A. statistical evidence
B. public opinions
C. criminal psychology
D. personal experience
20. The tone of the passage is
A. playful
B. serious
C. satirical
D. angry
II. SPEED READING
Skim or scan the following passages, and then decide on the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each)
Passage 5
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Joyce Carol Oates published her first collection of short stories, By the North Gate, in 1963, two years after she had received her master’s degree from the University of Wisconsin and became an instructor of English at the University of Detroit. Her productivity since then has been tremendous, accumulating in less than two decades up to nearly thirty titles, including novels, collections of short stories and verse, plays, and literary criticism. In the meantime, she has continued to teach, moving in 1967 from the University of Detroit to the University of Windsor in Ontario, and in 1978, to Princeton University. Reviewers have admired her enormous energy, but they also find such a large body of writing very amazing.
In a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth, Donald Barthelme, and Thomas Pynchon, Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence on depicting the world as it is. Hers is a world of violence, insanity, fractured love, and hopeless loneliness. Although some of it appears to come from her personal observations, her dreams and her fears, much more is clearly from the experiences of others. Her first novel, With Shuddering Fall (1964), dealt with stock ear racing, though she had never seen a race. In Them (1964) she focused on Detroit from the Depression through the riots of 1967, drawing much of her material from the deep impression made on her by the problems of one of her students. Whatever the source is and however shocking the events or the motivations are, her fictional world nonetheless remains strikingly related to that real one reflected in the daily newspapers, the television news, talk shows and the popular magazines of our day.
21. The passage is mainly an introduction to Oates’s ______.
A. career
B. childhood
C. By the North Gate
D. contemporary writers
22. The passage tells us that Joyce Carol Oates’s first publication was ______.
A. unsuccessful
B. published in 1965
C. a volume of short fictions
D. about an English instructor
23. The most striking feature of Joyce Carol Oates’s work is her ______.
A. realism
B. radicalism
C. imagination
D. conservatism
24. The subject of Joyce Carol Oates’s first novel is ______.
A. teaching
B. loneliness
C. car racing
D. hopelessness
25. The author mentions Oates’s book Them because it is ______.
A. an autobiography
B. her best piece of nonfiction
C. a typical novel of the 1960s
D. not based on her experiences
Passage 6
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Cliff House has gone through five major constructions and reconstructions since its beginning in 1858. That year, Samuel Brannan, a prosperous man from Maine, bought for $1,500 the lumber from a ship that wrecked on the cliffs below. With this material he built the first Cliff House. The second Cliff House was built for Captain Junius G. Foster,
but as it was a long difficult trip from the city, the house hosted mostly horseback riders, small game hunters or picnickers on day outings. With the opening of a toll road a year later, the Cliff House became successful with the Carriage trade for Sunday travel. On weekends, there was little room at the Cliff House for horses and carriages. Soon, omnibus railways and streetcar lines made it to near Lone Mountain where passengers transferred to stagecoach lines to the beach. The growth of Golden Gate Park attracted beach travelers in search of meals and a look at the Sea Lions sunning themselves on Seal Rock, just off the cliffs to visit the area.
In 1877, the toll road, now Geary Boulevard, was purchased by the City of San Francisco for around $25,000. In 1883, after a few years of downturn, the Cliff House was bought by Adolph Sutro, a multimillionaire who made his fortune from mining. After a few years of quiet management by J. M. Wilkens, the Cliff House was severely damaged by an explosion of the ship, which destroyed the northern part of the house. Seven years later, on Christmas 1894 the repaired old building burned down.
In 1896, Adolph Sutro built a new Cliff House, a seven-story Victorian style castle, called by some“the Gingerbread Palace.”In the same year, work began on the famous Sutro Baths, which included six of the largest indoor swimming pools north of the restaurant that included a museum, a skating rink and other pleasure grounds. Great throngs of San Franciscans arrived on steam trains, bicycles, carts and horse wagons on Sunday excursions.
The Cliff House and Sutro Baths survived the 1906 earthquake with little damage but burned to the ground on the evening of September 7, 1907. Rebuilding of the restaurant was completed within two years and, with additions and modern restorations, is the one seen today.
The building was acquired by the National Park Service in 1977 and it became part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. The site overlooks the Seal Rock and the former site of the Sutro Baths. More than thirty ships have been pounded to pieces on the southern shore of the Golden Gate below Cliff House.
26. The story of Cliff House goes back to ______.
A. 1858
B. 1877
C. 1894
D. 1906
27. The second Cliff House was built for ______.
A. J. M. Wilkens
B. Adolph Sutro
C. Samuel Brannan
D. Junius G.Foster
28. The Victorian style castle mentioned in the passage (para. 3) was ______.
A. the first Cliff House
B. the second Cliff House
C. the third Cliff House
D. the fourth Cliff House
29. The Cliff House we see today was completed in ______.
A. 1906
B. 1907
C. 1909
D. 1977
30. The third Cliff House was eventually destroyed by ______.
A. a fire
B. an earthquake
C. shipwrecks
D. an explosion
III. DISCOURSE CLOZE
The following is taken from the textbook. Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces (there are more suggested answers than necessary). Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (l0 points, 1 point each)
I am speaking not as a Briton, not as a European, not as a member of a western democracy, (31) ______. The world is full of conflicts: Jews and Arabs; Indians and Pakistanis, white men and Negroes in Africa; and, overshadowing all minor conflicts, the titanic struggle between communism and anticommunism.
Almost everybody who is politically conscious has strong feelings about one or more of these issues; but I want you, if you can, to set aside such feelings for the moment and consider yourself only as a member of a biological species (32) ______. I shall try to say no single word which should appeal to one group rather than to another. All, equally, are in peril, and, if the peril is understood, there is hope that they may collectively avert it. We have to learn to think in a new way. (33) ______, for there no longer are such steps. The question we have to ask ourselves is: (34) ______?
The general public, and even many men in positions of authority, have not realized what would be involved in a war with hydrogen bombs. The general public still thinks in terms of the obliteration (灭迹,消灭) of cities. It is understood that the new bombs are more powerful than the old and that, while one atomic bomb could obliterate Hiroshima, (35) ______. No doubt in a hydrogen-bomb war great cities would be obliterated. But this is one of the minor disasters that
would have to be faced. If everybody in London, New York, and Moscow were exterminated, the world might, in the course of a few centuries, recover from the blow. But we now know, especially since the Bikini test, that hydrogen bombs can gradually spread destruction over a much wider area than had been supposed. It is stated on very good authority that a bomb can now be manufactured (36) ______. Such a bomb, if exploded near the ground or under water, sends radioactive particles into the upper air. They sink gradually and reach the surface of the earth in the form of a deadly dust or rain. It was this dust which infected the Japanese fishermen and their catch of fish although they were outside what American experts believed to be the danger zone. No one knows how widely such lethal (杀伤性的) radioactive particles might be diffused, but the best authorities are unanimous in (37) ______. It is feared that if many hydrogen bombs are used, there might be universal death.
Here, then, is the problem which I present to you, stark and dreadful and inescapable: (38) ______? People will not face this alternative because it is so difficult to abolish war. (39) ______. But what perhaps impedes understanding of the situation more than anything else is that the term “mankind”feels vague and abstract. People scarcely realize in imagination that the danger is to themselves and their children and their grandchildren, and not only to a dimly apprehended humanity. And so they hope that perhaps war may be allowed to continue provided modern weapons are prohibited. I am afraid this hope is illusory. Whatever agreements not to use hydrogen bombs had been reached in time of peace, they would no longer be considered binding in time of war, and both sides would set to work to manufacture hydrogen bombs (40) ______, for if one side manufactured the bombs and the other did not, the side that manufactured them would inevitably be victorious.
(From Shall We Choose Death?)
A. saying that a war with hydrogen bombs is quite likely to put an end to the human race
B. which will be 25,000 times as powerful as that which destroyed Hiroshima
C. What steps can be taken to prevent a military contest of which the issue must be disastrous to all sides
D. The abolition of war will demand distasteful limitations of national sovereignty
E. Shall we choose death because we cannot forget our quarrels
E Shall we put an end to the human race or shall mankind renounce war
G as soon as war broke out
H. but as a human being, a member of the species Man, whose continued existence is in doubt
I. one hydrogen bomb could obliterate the largest cities such as London, New York, and Moscow
J. which has had a remarkable history and whose disappearance none of us can desire
K. We have to learn to ask ourselves not what steps can be taken to give military victory to whatever group we prefer
IV. WORD FORMATIONS
Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the bracket. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (l0 points, 1 point each )
41. (short) The new procedure could______hospital stays by two to three days.
42. (adequate) Normally, three staff members are enough to handle new business, but obviously are
______ now.
43. (employ) An application form calls for details of residence, ______, social security, and family
matters.
44. (present) The ______ of the TV camera crew outside clearly shows that the press must have been
informed in advance.
45. (attract) In modern families, kitchen utensils are expected to be ______ as well as functional.
46. (minor) In America each house of Congress has two party committees, one set up by the majority
party and the other by the ______ party.
47. (just) The ______ treatment to the blacks in the 1960s led to a series of uprisings in the United
States.
48. (various) The newly enrolled servicemen are from a ______ of backgrounds as required by the
general.
49. (pain) It is rather ______ to travel in summer by train for it is very crowded and without
air-conditioning.
50. (able) Recent innovations with computer aided design ______ us to produce magazines which are
more creative, efficient and cost-effective.
V. GAP FILLING
The following is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each)
She was one of those pretty and charming girls who are sometimes, as if by a (51) ______ of destiny, born into a family of clerks. She had no dowry, no expectations, no means of being known, understood, loved, or (52) ______ by any rich and distinguished man; and she let herself be married to a little clerk at the Ministry of Public Instruction.
She dressed plainly because she could not dress well, but her unhappiness seemed to be (53) ______ than one might expect. She seemed to feel that she had fallen from her proper station in life as a woman of wealth, beauty, grace, and charm. She valued these (54) ______ in life, yet she could not attain them. She cared nothing for caste or rank but only for a natural fineness, an instinct (55) ______ what is elegant, and a suppleness of wit. These would have made her the equal of the greatest ladies of the land. If only she could attain them…
She suffered, feeling born for all the delicacies and all the luxuries. She (56) ______ the poverty of her dwelling, from the wretched look of the walls, from the worn-out chairs, from the ugliness of the curtains. All those things, of which another woman of her rank would never even have been conscious, tortured her and made her angry. The sight of the little Breton peasant who did her humble housework aroused in her despairing regrets and distracted dreams. She thought of silent antechambers hung with Oriental tapestry, lit by tall bronze candelabra, and of two great footmen in knee breaches sleeping in big armchairs, made (57) ______ by the heavy warmth of the hot-air stove. She thought of long salons fitted up with ancient silk, of delicate furniture carrying priceless curiosities, and of coquettish perfumed boudoirs made for talks at five o’clock with intimate friends, with men famous and sought after, whom all women envy and whose attention they all desire.
When she (58) ______ to dinner before the round table covered with a tablecloth three days old, opposite her husband, who declared with an enchanted air,“Ah, the good pot-au-feu! I don’t know anything better than that,”she (59) ______ best dinners, of shining silverware, of tapestry which peopled the walls with ancient personages with strange birds flying in the midst of a fairy forest; and she thought of delicious dishes served on marvelous plates, and of the whispered gallantries which you listened to with a sphinx-like smile (60) ______ you were eating the pink flesh of a trout or the wings of a quail.
(From The Necklace)
VI. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
The following questions are based on Passage Four in this test paper. Read the passage carefully again and answer the questions briefly by referring back to Passage Four. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
(10 points, 5 points each)
61. According to the author, why is it that getting tough with criminals cannot reduce crime rates?
62. What reasons does the writer give to support his argument against keeping criminals longer in prison?
VII. TRANSLATION
The following excerpt is taken from the textbook. Read the paragraph carefully and translate into Chinese
each of the numbered and underlined parts. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 2 points each)
(63) Enthusiasm about a job or project usually translates into positive energy. That is, if you are excited about a project, you will be anxious to get started and get results. (64) The mere fact of looking forward to your work will help make you more productive and effective. (65) You will plan more effectively and pay careful attention to detail. You will carry out your plan more carefully and aim for the best results possible. Another important point is that passionate people are usually those that are thrust into positions of leadership. A leader must inspire his troops. To inspire them, he needs to be enthusiastic. In leaders, this translates into charisma (个人魅力). (66) Being passionate about your work shows a willingness to do more and learn more. (67) This will definitely help you stand out from the crowd and get top management’s attention.
(From Enthusiasm Leads to Success)
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 What will the world of the future be like? There are plenty of people who are happy to give their opinion of what we will be doing in 2050. Here are two predictions about the world of tomorrow. When we dream about the future, many like to think of owning a personal flying car. The advantages are obvious. This technology would allow total freedom of movement. We could fly at 480 km per hour, avoiding traffic lights and busy roads. However, some people believe there will be problems with traffic control. If the cars become popular, there is likely to be air traffic jam. Another big problem is mechanical failure. What will happen if the cars stop working? These are problems we must expect if flying cars become a reality. Three-dimensional printing is another new technology with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object with liquid plastic. They build the object layer by layer until it is complete. Car companies already use 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts, and medical companies use the technology to make man-made body parts. As we move into the future, 3D printing will revolutionize the way we shop, the way we manufacture and the way we treat sick people. The disadvantage is that such equipment will be extremely expensive. So in the future, we might be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people. （1）What is the passage mainly about? A. Environmental protection. B. The world of tomorrow. C. Advantages of technology. （2）What do we learn from the passage? A. Some people think technology development may bring new problems B. 3D printing can bring great changes to our life and its equipment is cheap. C. The flying cars won't bring air traffic jam even when they become popular.
2010年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英美文学选读试卷 (课程代码00604) 本试卷分为两部分。共8页，满分l00分；考试时间l50分钟。 1．第一部分为选择题，应考者必须在“答题卡”上的“选择题答题区”内按要求填涂，答在试卷上无效。 2．第二部分为非选择题。应考者必须在“答题卡”上的“非选择题答题区”内按照试题题号顺序直接答题，答在试卷上无效。 PART ONE (共50 分) I. Multiple Choice (50 points in all, 1 for each) Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter [A], [B], [C]or[D]on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. Beowulf, a typical example of Old English poetry that evokes the Anglo-Saxon sense of the harshness of circumstance and the sadness of the human lot, is regarded today as __ of the Anglo-Saxons. A. a romance B. the national epic C. a religious poem D. the first blank verse 2. The early period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation. Wyatt introduced __ into England. A. blank verse B. terza rima C. the Petrarchan sonnet D. sestina 3. The Renaissance marks a transition from the medieval to the modem world. The essence of Renaissance is . A. religious reformation B. humanism C. economic expansion D. geographic discoveries 4. Which of the following plays is NOT one of William Shakespeare's great tragedies? A. King Lear B. Henry IV C. Othello D. Macbeth 5. In Paradise Lost, Adam's disobedience to God reflects the keystone of John Milton's creed, that is, __ A. the freedom of the will B. the importance of love C. evil is at the core of human nature D. human life is full of temptations 6. The 18th century England is known as the Age of Enlightenment. The enlighteners held that __ should be the only, the final cause of any human thought and activities. A. rationality B. equality C. science D. knowledge 7. In field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a(n)_ the old classical works. This tendency is known as neoclassicism. A. revived interest in B. antagonism against C. rebellion against D. irrational imitation of 8. In the neoclassical period of British literature, __ is the leading figure in the theatrical world. A. William Collins B. Richard Brinsley Sheridan C. Mrs. Ann Radcliffe D.M.G. Lewis 9. Henry Fielding's first novel Joseph Andrews is intended as a burlesque of the dubious morality and sentimentality in__ A. Pamela B. Roxana C. Gulliver's TraveLs D. The Faerie Queene 10. As one of the greatest masters of English prose,__ defined a good style as "proper words in proper places. " A. Alexander Pope B. Daniel Defoe C. Samuel Johnson D. Jonathan Swift 11. In the lines "This City now doth, like a garment, wear / The beauty of the morning; silent, bare, / Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie / Open unto the fields, and to the sky," there is obviously a peculiar use of abundant commas. This works to create a special effect: __ A. to strengthen the effect of chaos through fragmentary listing
中考英语阅读理解测试题（A）﹙含答案﹚1 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 The Folk Art Show The best chance to learn about local art and culture. Open: October 20－25 Organizer: City Museum Address: 110 Century Road Telephone: 72314431 Scan the QR code （扫描二维码）to get more information and book tickets. The City Flower Show Open: October 8－17 Price: ￥50 for each adult; ￥25 for each child; free under the age of 10; 20% off for groups over 10. Address: 112 New Town Road, Moonlight City Telephone: 53418899 Visit www. https://www.doczj.com/doc/4f13355403.html, for more information. Camp of Folk Art Would you like to learn paper cutting, Huangmei opera or to make paper flowers? Come to Camp of Folk Art at the Youth Center! Age: 13 to 18 Time: December 13－20 For more information, call the Youth Center at （010）11062107. Pop Music Week Bands from home and abroad will give performances in Sunshine Park. Local bands and DJs from the local radio station are waiting to share music with fans. It is a good chance for you to make friends with similar hobbies. Price: ￥30－￥50 Time: 9: 00 a. m. －9: 00 p. m. , December 21-27 A. an e-mail from City Museum B. more information about the Folk Art Show C. a ticket to the museum for free D. a gift from the City Museum （2）Tommy is a 9-year-old boy. He wants to visit the City Flower Show with his parents. How much will they pay? A. ￥25. B. ￥100. C. ￥125. D. ￥150.（3）If Jane wants to learn to make paper flowers, she should go to ____. A. Century Road B. New Town Road C. the Youth Center D. Sunshine Park （4）Phillip, 20 years old, is NOT allowed to go to ____. A. the City Flower Show B. Camp of Folk Art C. the Folk Art Show D. Pop Music Week （5）____ lasts for the fewest days. A. The City Flower Show B. Camp of Folk Art C. The Folk Art Show D. Pop Music Week 【答案】（1）B （2）B
1999-2011 高等教育自学考试00012英语（一） 汉译英试题汇总 1999. 4 66. 讲座结束后，教授留出半小时时间让我们提问题。 After the lecture the professor set aside half an hour for us to ask questions 67. 他的成就与其说是由于机遇，不如说是由于他自身的努力。 His achievement is not so much due to opportunities as due to his own efforts. 68. 只要能按时完成任务，他不在乎用什么方法。 So long as he can finish the work in time, he does not care about how to do so. 69. 我们发现很难跟上科技领域的迅猛发展。 We found it difficult to keep pace with the rapid development in the field of science and technology. 70. 你是否参加我们的活动已无关紧要了。 It makes no difference whether you will take part in our activity.
2000. 4 66. 对初学者来说，用英语思维比说英语更难。比较级 It is more difficult for beginners to think in English than to speak it. 67. 据说有些吃鹿肉的原始人能跑得象鹿一样飞快。同级比较 It was said that some primitive people who ate deer could run as fast as a deer. 68. 要是昨天他早一点回到家，他的女儿就不会把他的手表拆了。虚拟语气 His daughter would mot have taken apart his watch if he had come home a little earlier yesterday. 69. 要找到与你观点相同的学生并不容易。定语从句 You wouldn’t have got into trouble if you had taken my advice. 70. 在你的朋友中有多少人从来未犯过法呢？ How many of your friends have never broken the law? 2000. 10 66. 研究表明大量喝酒的人更易得心脏病。 Studies show that people who drink a lot are more likely to
（英语）英语阅读理解练习题20篇及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon. The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, he adds. Mr. Stapleton says safety was the company's main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors ( 交叠式旋翼 )to power the vehicle. The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams. In New Zealand, the Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1,000 meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour. Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack “is built around safety from the start. In his words, reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car.” The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot,” he adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon. （1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike . A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quickly B. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to 1,000 meters high C. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teams D. can be transported quickly after being folded and packed （2）The writer uses the example of For One racing car to show that . A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliable B. the engine of the Jetpack is powerful C. the actual structure of the Jetpack is unique D. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height （3）The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer s to. A. the jet stream B. the engine C. the Jetpack D. the parachute （4）What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage? A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles. B. To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles. C. To show the differences between two flying vehicles. D. To advertise the two personal
第一篇Telling Tales about People 1、This passage is mostly about__. the characteristics of autobiographies, memoirs, and biographies. 2、Helen Keller wrote____.an autobiography. 3、Autobiography writers are not always objective because they__.want to present themselves in a good light 4、The writer introduces each category in the passage by__. defining it 5、Diverse means____.varied or different 第二篇Outside -the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference 1、An extracurricular activity like raising a fund of $300,000 is risky because most student leaders ---Will not take an interest in it. 2、American students join campus organizations mostly for__ Building friendship. 3、Who is Katie Rowley?--- She's a senior student. 4、What do student leaders need to carry an activity through to a successful end?---- Passion 5、The phrasal verb fatten up in paragraph 6 could be best replaced by ---- Polish 第三篇Shark Attack! 1、After Craig Rogers fell into the water, the shark____.swam away 2、It is difficult for the author to understand why great whites___are. 3、Which of the following is closest in meaning to make up in line 2 of paragraph 4?--- often let humans escape 4、The word their in line 2 of paragraph 4 means____ great whites 5、What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?---We now know great whites don't mistake humans for other animals. 第四篇Feast on Turkey and Good Wishes at Thanksgiving 1、What is the passage mainly about?--The adventures of Ibn Battuta. 2、Which of the following is closest in meaning to set off for in line 5? ----left to go to. 3、The Sultan of Delhi gave Ibn Battuta a position of judge because__ The Sultan of Morocco asked him to return. 4、Which of the following would the writer of this passage most likely agree with? Ibn Battuta should be better known in the West today. 5、Why did Ibn Battuta finally return to his home?-------Ibn Battuta had studied in Mecca. 第六篇TV Shows and Long Bus Trips 1、According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip -------Advertisements on the board. 2、What is the purpose of this passage?------To talk about the similarities between long bus trips and TV shows. 3、The writer of this passage would probably favor ---no billboards along the road. 4、The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows because------they both have a beginning, a middle, and an end, with commercials in between. 5、The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both are----- exciting. 第七篇Modern Sun Worshippers 1、The writer seems to imply that Europeans travel mostly for the reason that they wish to escape from the cold, dark and rainy days back at home. 2、In paragraph 2, cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam are mentioned to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography and climate. 3、According to the passage, which of the following countries attracts more tourists than the others? ---Spain. 4、The latter half of the last sentence in paragraph 3, i.e., “or one tourist for every person living in Spain” means----------every year almost as many tourists visit Spain as there are people living in that country. 5 、According to the passage, which of the following factors might spoil the tourists' fun at Mediterranean resorts and beaches?—Rainy weather. 第八篇The Changing Middle Class
2018年4月高等教育自学考试《英语（一）》试题 课程代码：00012 一、阅读判断 Finding Paradise (天堂) and Success in Retirement Ivy Singh and her husband had their retirement all planned out. They wanted to have a place with enough land to grow plants. The couple successfully found a proper place and turned it into a farm called Bollywood Veggies. "We came and had a look and we found paradise. We started Bollywood Veggies there and then," she says. The basic idea of starting the farm was to keep themselves busy in retirement. Mrs. Singh says it was never begun as a business. "We started this as a lifestyle project for retirement." The farm's produce includes beans, cabbage and other crops. Soon, more people found out about the farm. Visitors often asked whether the farm offered any food or drinks. So the couple started a restaurant and a food museum on the farm. As the farm changed from a retirement to a commercial project, Mrs. Singh sought new business opportunities. A key area was growing bananas. Given the popularity of bananas and their use in a range of food products, she saw great potential. The farm uses its crop to make products such as banana chips and bread. Mrs. Singh, driven by the success of the project, now wants to open a retirement home on the farm. She says the farm is a nice place for people who have retired. Mrs. Singh says she does not care much about the profit, because she is getting to live her dream while making a difference to society. 1. Ivy and her husband made a careful plan for retirement. A. True B. False C. Not Given 2. Before retirement, the couple were doing business on plants. A. True B. False C. Not Given 3. The couple started Bollywood Veggies for business purposes. A. True B. False C. Not Given 4. Cabbage was the first vegetable planted on the farm. A. True B. False C. Not Given 5. The couple opened a restaurant close to the farm. A. True B. False C. Not Given 6. Mrs. Singh planted bananas because they were very popular. A. True B. False C. Not Given 7. Visitors to the farm like its banana chips the best. A. True B. False C. Not Given 8. Mrs. Singh built a retirement home on the farm. A. True B. False C. Not Given 9. Mrs. Singh thinks the farm is a good place for retired people.
班级: 姓名: 考场: 座号: 密封线 An old lady in a plane had a blanket (毯子over her head and she did not want to take it off . The air hostess spoke to her, but the old lady said, “I have never been in a plane before , and I am frightened. I am going to keep this blanket over my head until we are back on the ground again !” Then the captain came. He said, “Madam, I am the captain of this plane. The weather is fine, there are no clouds in the sky, and everything is going very well. ”But she continued to hide. So the captain turned and started to go back. Then the old lady looked out from under the blanket with one eye and said, “I am sorry, young man, but I don’t like planes and I am never going to fly again. But I’ll say one thing, ”She continued kindly, “You and yo ur wife keep your plane very clean!” 1. An old lady had _________ . A. glasses B. a blanket over her head C. a coat D. a basket 2. A. She didn’t want to ________ . A. take it off B. turn it off C. get on D. talk about it 3. _________ spoke to her . A. The air hostess
考研英语（阅读）-试卷1 (总分：60.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：6，分数：60.00) 1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was So much importance attached to intellectual pursuits. According to many books and articles, New Englands leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life. To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church—important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New world circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity. The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts churches in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. These men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness. We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. Their thinking often had a traditional superstitious quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope—all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people. One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churches. Meanwhile, many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion. 作牵洠楡?湥?慷?潴挠瑡档映獩?尠（分数：10.00） (1).The author holds that in the seventeenth-century New England（分数：2.00） A.Puritan tradition dominated political life. B.intellectual interests were encouraged. √