An Analysis of Image in David Copperfield
Chapter1
Introduction
"David Copperfield", the masterpiece of Dickens, was a semi-autobiographical work. In May 1849 to November 1850, the installment was published. In the preface, Dickens said: “It is my favorite child.”
The novel depicted David's experiences which were filled with sufferings and laughters. Dickens portrayed the colorful picture of British society, the typical image of different social classes, especially the endless struggle of David in the face of adversity which left a deep impression on us. David was unable to endure the abuse of his stepfather, biting the fingers of his stepfather, savagely beaten. As a result, he was locked in a boarding school. After his mother died, he was sent to the factory as a child by his stepfather. From then on, he lived a hard life, without enough to eat or wear and suffered all kinds of abuse and torture. However, David did not succumb to the mercy of fate, painstakingly, and finally found his aunt Betsey. The kind-hearted aunt shelter adopted him and let him go to a better school. When he knew that Aunt Betsey was bankrupted, but instead, he studied diligently with perseverance all kinds of abuse and torture. Finally, after making efforts, he became a writer and achieved success. At the same time, other characters were clear and vivid. Peggotty was a nurse who took care of David and David’s mother carefully, she was remarkably loyal. Outwardly, aunt Betsey appeared a severe woman, but she showed that she was kind by loving David and others. In addition, Ham was noble, brave and honest. Mr.Murdstones was fierce and cruel. Steerforth was selfish and arrogant.
1.1 Introduction to the Author
Dickens was the main representative of realism literature in the 19th century. The art of witty words, nuanced psychological analysis and realism were combined together closely in his works. He was particularly famous for his vivid comic characterizations and social criticism. He was the first author who had written of the poor with fidelity and sympathy. His works were famous during novels of the Victorian age and among the great classics in all fiction.
Dickens was born in February, 1812, at Landport, Portsmouth. He was the second of eight children. His father was a clerk, hardworking but imprudent, later caricatured as Mr. Micawber in David Copperfield.In 1822, the family moved to London, where Charles had to leave school to support his impoverished family. In 1824, his father was put into prison for debt. At the age of 12, Dickens was sent to going to work at a factory. He wrapped and labeled for 6 shillings a week. After work, he wandered through the streets of London, enthralled by the sight of the dockyards, the files of convicts, and vast sections of the city inhabited by the poor. These bitter days remained in his memory and later found expression in his works.
Dickens was able to return to school because a small legacy helped release his father from prison. He was an avid reader and spent much time in the reading room of the British Museum. Although he later returned to school for a time, these experiences left a permanent imprint on the soul of Charles Dickens. Even many years later, he had become a successful author, he could not bear to talk about it, or be reminded of his family’s ignominy.
At the age of fifteen, Dickens began working as an office boy for a law firm. He taught himself and he became a reporter for courts of Doctors’ Common in 1828. The dull routine of the legal profession never interested him, so he became a newspaper reporter for the Mirror of parliament, the True Sun, and finally for the Morning Chronicle.(John Forster, were later his closest friend and biographer, was also employed at the True Sun.)By the age of twenty, Dickens was one of the best parliamentary reporters all the England.
By this time, Dickens was enjoying the luxurious life he had dreamed of as a child. In 1850, he published the last installments of David Copperfield, a partly autobiographical novel that was his favorite.
1.2 The Introduction to the Background
1.2.1 Social background
“Like so many parents I hav e a favorite child in my heart,”wrote Charles Dickens. "And his name is David Copperfield." Here, Dickens made good use of his own life experience to expose the social evils that were prevalent in Victorian England and were the miseries of child-labor, the tyranny in schools, the debtors’ prison, as well as the cruelty and immortality and the treachery. Thus the novel was not merely a person al record, but a broad picture of the society of the author’s day.
David Copperfield was a novel written in first-person point of view. It was sometimes referred to as an apprenticeship novel because it centered on the period in which a young person grew up. The type of novels was pioneered by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) in his novel Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre (Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship). Dickens based the book in part on the difficult early years of his own life. The narration changed n ames, locales, and other details of Dickens’s life. For example, when Dickens was only a child, he had to leave school to work in a factory. In the novel, David Copperfield had to leave school to work in a warehouse washing and labeling bottles used in the wine trade. David’s initials (D.C.) were, of course, the reverse of Dickens’s (C.D.).
Dickens was a master at drawing memorable characters. Some were simple and uncomplicated, like Barkis, Creakle, Murdstone, and Clara Peggotty. Others were complex, like David Copperfield. Throughout the novel, he befriended the wealthy and charming James Steerforth, ignoring his devious and malevolent side. At the same time, he befriended the good-hearted Tommy Traddles and the humble Peggottys. These two worlds, the world of Steerforth and the world of Steerforth and his family, both attracted David, and his immaturity decided what should constitute his own world. To bring his characters to life, Dickens invested them with clearly defining virtues or vices and described the characters in a way that enabled the readers to picture them at the scenes in which they appeared.
1.2.2 Novel’s background
Of all the Dickens’ novels, David Copperfield reflected the events of Dickens own life the most. As for David, suffering in the past was adequately made up for a rich, happy marriage and a successful literary career, just like Dickens himself, and the world was still full of hope and sunshine. The plot construction was rather loose, but it also excelled in its vivid image. The narration of novel in detail was also worth mentioning, which gave the work truthfulness to the real life.
What we could add to was the way in which Dickens time and time again dealt with the progress of a male hero who, as with David in David Copperfield (1849-50) and Pip in Great Expectations (1860-1), came to terms with world as the middle-class values. At the same time, however, Dickens’ heroes often have uncomfortable doubles: David Copperfield was shadowed by Heep and Steerforth, both of whom revealed the kind of dark sexual urge that David attempted to conceal or deny in his own life. It was as if, in a new middle-class code, Dickens was equally aware of the
precariousness or vulnerability of the new respectable social conception of the self, of the buried life that was hidden beneath the veneer of polite manners.
Due to the early success, the public not only gave Dickens an assurance that made sure increasing powers of poetic expression and narrative technique, but also the confidence to demonstrate his priorities to a point where they contradicted the social assumptions of many of his readers. All his later novels, except A Tale of Two Citie s, presented a criticism of the most fundamental institutions of the Victorian England.
Although David was ignorant of Steerforth’s treachery, we were aware from the moment we met Steerforth that he didn’t deserve of praise which David felt toward him. David didn’t know why he hated Heep or why he trusted a boy with a donkey cart who stole his money and left him in the road, but it was possible for him to realize Heep’s inherent evil and the boy’s real intention. In David’s first-person narration, Dickens conveyed the wisdom of the older man implicitly, through the eyes of a child.
Chapter 2
Literature Review of the Novel
2.1 Some Scholars’ Views on the Novel
Scholars believed that David Copperfield's careers, friendships, love and life, were most highly influenced by Dickens' experiences, as well as his time working as a child. David's involvement with the law profession and later his career as a writer mirror the experiences of Dickens. Many of David's friends were based on people who Dickens actually knew, and David's wives, Agnes Wickfield and Dora, were believed to be based upon Dickens' attachment to Mary Hogarth. Dickens keenly felt his lack of education during his time at that factory, and according to the Forster biography, it was from these times that he drew David's working period.
British writer Somerset Maugham regarded the book as "truly a masterpiece of literary works".
One of American literature connoisseurs recommended the novel as one hundreds of the 20th century, distinguishing English novel.
The famous Russian writer, Leo Tolstoy, said that the book was the best one among all the English novels and it could help people to build a perfect personality.
“David Copperfield was filled with characters of the most astonishing variety, vividness, and originality,” noted Somerset Maugham. “They are not realistic and yet they abound with life. There never were such people as the Micawbers, Peggotty and Barkis, Traddles, Betsey Trotwood and Mr. Dick, Uriah Heep and his mother.” The story was told almost entirely from the point view of the first person narrator, David Copperfield himself, and was the first Dickens novel to do so. Dickens based the book in part on the difficult early years of his own life.
2.2 Main Views of Dickens’ Idea
Influenced by Carlyle, Dickens learned to direct his novel to a questioning of social priorities and inequalities, to a distrust of institutions, particularly defunct or malfunctioning ones, and to a pressure for action and earnestness He was prone to take up issues, and to campaign against what he saw as injustice or desuetude, using fiction in his novel. He was not alone in his own time, but his name continued to be
popularly associated with good causes and with remedies because he was quite the wittiest and he has had the most persuasive, and the most influential voice.
Dickens was faithful to the teaching, and to the general framework, his thought, his action and above all, for his writing, nevertheless. A critical awareness that there was something deeply wrong with the society in which he lived disclosed the nature of a novel and gave its distinct political edge. Dickens’ novels were multifarious, digressive and humorous.
In an important way, they reflected the nature of Victorian urban society with all its conflicts and disharmonies, its eccentricities and its constrictions, its energy and its fertility, both physical and intellectual. But the standard pattern in his novels was the basic conflict between money on the one hand, and loves on the other hand. What this conflict usually revealed was that the people who have greatest love for their fellow humans were also the ones who were most hurt by the world of money, simply because money was power.
In his novels, the people who possessed most money and most power seemed incapable of love, whereas the people who were capable of love were remarkably often both poor and powerless. And yet, this gloomy view was emerged by Dickens’ comic way of dealing with his characters.
Chapter 3
The Image of main character in David Copperfield
3.1 The Image of David
3.1.1 Unyielding and diligence of David Copperfield
David Copperfield was a kind-hearted, honest, and hard working, pragmatic and progressive intellectual typically. Since Dav id’s childhood, his father died. Although his mother remarried, she died before long with his stepfather abuse. At that time, he was sent to boarding school, ravaged, and then was sent to the factory as an apprentice humiliation position. He left the factory to the home of aunt Betsey who adopted him and let him study law. Then, he tried his best to learn day after day. At the same time, his character matured in suffering, frustration, and ultimately on the right path in life. Later he became a writer, and married with his girlfriend. For him, he had acquired much knowledge in life through the wrong ideas, funny habits, sad moment and the depressing day, and remembered his aunt's words in heart, “whatever you do and whenever you do it, you can never be humble, never be hypocritical or cruel.”He thought of this sentence, which always encouraged himself to be strong and seize the hard-on opportunity to struggle in life.
Both the hardships and bitterness in his orphan’s times or always struggle in his adult time, having experienced calamities and misfortunes, David tasted the joy and warmth of the earth. By his own sincerity, forthright personality, positive spirit, as well as the purity of love to people in his heart, he persisted and finally succeeded. 3.1.2 Innocence and kindness of David Copperfield.
David began to love Emily when they accompanied each other in the days in Yarmouth. As for a child, the affection was a more feelings. Neither of them worried about the future or any other troubles at that time. The best was love in that they were innocent. On the way to Salen House, the writer mentioned an interested incident. With the “simple confidence and natural reliance of a child upon superior years”, David was used by Servant William. David was bound to lack of some worldly wisdom and was only an innocent child.
When David worked at Murdestone and Grinby, he met Mr.Micawber whose clothes were shabby, and had only a shirt collar. However, David did not laugh at him.
On the contrary, when he learned about the tragedy and realized Micawber’s financial difficulties, he intended to offer some money to Mr.Micawber in order to help him tide over the difficulties, though he himself was poor at that moment. Innocence was the most valuable and shinning characteristic of David Copperfield.
In David’s life, although he met some wicked people like Mr. and Miss Murdestone, Mr. Creakle and Uriah Heep, he also gained a lot of friends and helpers who made him kind-hearted. That was to say, though he had known some bad qualities of the people, David remained what he used to be. In Mr. Murdestone’s house, except his mother, Peggotty was the only one who loved David, and different from his mother, she was able to protect David. When David was treated badly by Mr. and Miss Murdestone, Peggotty tried to comfort him at night secretly. And when David was sent away from home, Peggotty wrote letters so as to encourage him.
As we all know, Peggotty was a servant in David’s family, but what she d id was far more than a servant. What important was when David’s mother misunderstood her, Peggotty still took it for granted that she should protect and help David and David's poor mother. It was her loyalty and kindness that was a great help to the development of David. And David was grateful to her, so he permitted the carrier Barkis to marry her, giving happiness to Peggotty.
3.1.3 Cruelty and tenderness of David Copperfield
David’s compl icated image accounted for the contradiction of the plot of the novel and which existed over the development of it. For David, when he realized his love for Agnes for the first time, he also showed great tenderness at the moment. David, especially as a young man in love, could be foolish and romantic. As he grew up, however, he developed a more mature point of view and searched for a lover who would change and help him grow. David fully matured as an adult when he expressed the sentim ent that he valued Agnes’s gentleness and quietness over all else in his life.
3.1.4 Stability and maturity of David Copperfield
After experiencing many difficulties and sufferings, David had become Stability in his adulthood. As for his profession, David went on along a right road. He engaged in literature and was interested in what he did. David felt more and more confident in the success of his career. David knew that his dream came true by his years of hard work.
And when his wife died, David decided to give his most sincere love to Agnes who was his good angel. However, he was hesitant before Agnes. He dared not to tell
her "I love you". Because he knew what the three words meant, he did not want to hurt Agnes. As for David, there was no doubt that Agnes was his best choice. For all the efforts David took, he deserved the love of Agnes. With Agnes' love and guidance, David would make his life more comfortable and he himself became mature and steady.
David also found true friendship in his life. His old classmate, Tradle, who at school was the merriest friend of all his classmates, appeared at the end of the novel as a helper of David Copperfield. He was what we called a true friend David needed.
3.2 The Image of other Characters
3.2.1 Coldness and cruelty of Miss .Murdstones
The bane of the childhood of David, stepfather and Sister Miss Murdstone's character was extremely cold and cruel. In David's memory, when he met Miss Murdstone in the first time, she was a gloomy-looking lady; dark, like her brother, whom she greatly resembled in face and voice; and with very heavy eyebrows, nearly meeting over her large nose, as if, being disabled by the wrongs of her sex from wearing whiskers, she had carried them to that account. When she paid for the coachman, she took her money out of a hard steel purse, and she kept the purse in a very jail of bag which hung upon her arm by a heavy chain, and shut up like a bite. As for David, he had never, at that time, seen such a lady altogether as Miss Murdstone was.
She was almost tomboy, she hated men, but with the man's face, feminine, love and compassion, she and her brother has been tortured poor Clara and David as a thorn in the side and used various means to torture David, resulting in the suffering of David's childhood.
3.2.2 Humanity and charity of aunt Betsey
Although there were similarities in some respects between Aunt Betsey Trotwood and Murdstone, they were quite different in essence. Aunt Betsey was quite independent, bold, manly, and rational. She did not care about the secular vision, and she was kind, merciful and fraternal. She was full of emotion. Although she hated boy, David went to her for shelter, she not only adopted him, but also taught David: we should never be mean, hypocritical and cruel person. What she taught was a foundation of the motto to David’s act, David healthy growth, and became a famous writer. Aunt Betsey had mercy on Dick, received him, and appreciated him, to give
him a comfortable and easy life. She was the guardian of Jenny, still monitoring some of the other people, education, and let them learn to protect themselves. Dora then pampered and petted, she didn’t do anything against aunt Betsey, and she got the lovely name: flowers.
Her husband, aunt Betsey still did not forget, even if he abandoned her, and found a new lover, became a nothing scandalous. It was also said that aunt Betsey was a symbol of friendship and loyalty. Aunt Betsey was an intensely capable woman with a great mind in business, and grasped many commercial activities, concealed the 2000 pounds of property in bankruptcy. She did it in order to exercise David, let him learn to adapt to the plight of getting of the difficulties so that he would be able to assume the responsibilities of life. That time gave David a good exercise, and by his efforts he confirmed his ability to live. That was aunt Betsey's thought. Even though aunt Betsey was eccentric, and she had strange temperament, her character was respected and trusted.
3.2.3 Senses and intelligence of Agnes
Agnes, a virtuous and agreeable girl, became a dear and loyal friend of David. In terms of appearance, moral character, knowledge, thoughts, she was almost impeccable. She was beautiful and dignified, generous and gentle, quiet and stable, thoughtful. She has a keen insight, she was of strong will, with a heart of love, and she was the spiritual support of David. Anyone would be proud of an intimate friend of her. In Agnes’ childhood, she was his father's butler and spiritual comfort. Her father's love was critically good for her to become prematurely mature, and to assume responsibility. Caring for his father, to his father, she had to please Heep, but she never would succumb to the Heep, not let Heep sinister purpose to succeed. Her love for David was deep and long, and she has been quietly in love with David. After Dora was died, experiencing many difficulties at overseas several years, David finally realized that he loved Agnes, and then they got married. In terms of career and life, Agnes was David’s ide al partner.
3.2.4 Vanity and unreality of Mr.Micawber
Mr.Micawber was the landlord of David when David was a child-labor. Later he became David’s best friends. He was unable to repay the debt, so he was in jail several times. He was a person who often dealt with things out of vanity, and refused to put his feet on the ground. He was often heavily in debt. After he was put into prison for debt, he warned David: “If a person had an annual income of twenty
pounds, and spent nineteen pounds nineteen shillings, the person would be exceedingly happy”. Nevertheless, if the person spent twenty pounds one shilling, the person was right in the shittier.No sooner had he been a painful confession than he took a shilling from David for beer right away, and then be happy. He was such a real optimist.
In addition, he was integrating. When he was secretary to Heep, through a fierce struggle in his mind, he exposed a conspiracy that Mr.Heep framed Wickfield and Heep wanted to lead to the bankruptcy of Miss. Betsey. Miss. Betsey thanked him, and funded him to Australia where he achieved career success. Finally, he has a good outcome. Micawber characters were extremely vivid, so he became a classic image in literature and was regarded as a representative.
3.2.5 Duplicity and selfishness of Steerforth
Steerforth was a young millionaire. He was arrogant, callous, selfish, and completely self-centered; he didn’t consider the feelings of other.
In school, he used to drive a teacher who was from humble origins. Later, he got to know the kind-hearted and innocent girl Emily, and lured Emily to elope with him successfully through small talk tease. In the end, he abandoned Emily. When he made friends with David, David depended on Steerforth’s kindness for granted, without analyzing his motives or detecting his duplicity. When Steerforth befriended David at Salem House, David didn’t suspect that Steerforth was simply trying to use David to make friends and gain the status. Finally, Steerforth betrayed David.
3.2.6 The Abjection and impudicity of Uriah Heep
Heep was once a copyist. He used to pretend to be humble, and afterwards, he succeeded in manipulating the firm by cunning way. Mr. Wickfield was forced to almost no retreat, which led to Miss. Betsey bankruptcy. Later, due to Mr. Micawber stood up in time and revealed his conspiracy that framed Mr. Wickfield and led to the bankruptcy of Miss. Betsey. Though Heep was raised in a cruel environment which was similar to David’s, his upbringing caused him to become bitter and vengeful rather than honest and hopeful. Dickens’ described Heep as a demonic character. He referred to Heep’s movements as snakelike and gave Heep red hair and red eyes. Heep and David not only had opposite characteristics but also manipulated at cross-purposes. For example, Heep wished to marry Agnes only in order to hurt David. Nevertheless, for David, he was both motivated by love. The frequent contrast between Heep’s and David’s sentiments showed Heep’s mean.
While David’s character develo pment was a process of increased self-understanding, Heep grew in his desire to exercise control over himself and other characters. As Heep gained more power over Mr. Wickfield, his sense of entitlement grew and he became more and more power-hungry. But imprisonment didn’t make a difference to atone for his crime. Because he deployed his strategies to selfish purposes that gave others a hand in time, he stood out as the novel’s greatest villain. 3.3 The Similarity between Charles Dickens and David Copperfield
“Novel” was defined as th e description of the typical character in the typical environment (especially the social environment). According to the above words, the influence of Charles Dickens on this novel should be taken into consideration in the analysis of the characteristics of David Copperfield. For David Copperfield was one semi-autobiography, and it would be a wise way to analyze the characteristics of the boy hero through the study of the writer himself, including his background, his experiences, his individuality and his attitude. As a result, David Copperfield was Dickens' David Copperfield and there was a degree of resemblance between Dickens and David.
Firstly, both of them had suffered a difficult time when they were only a child and the experiences as a child-labor had a great impact on their life. Secondly, both of them ended up with good results. Especially Dora, who won the heart of David Copperfield in this novel, and had the same name with one of Dickens' children who died, Agnes Wickfield, the lover of David Copperfield was much like one of Dickens' love, Georgina, a friend and helper to Dickens. Thirdly, both of them engaged in literature and made a great success in their career.
Actually, in writing this novel, Dickens made good use of his own experiences. Thus the readers may have a further understanding about the great writer by reading this work. At the same time, when we are analyzing the characteristics of David Copperfield, it would be useful to refer to the study of the writer himself.
Chapter 4
Conclusion
The paper began with a brief introduction of the author and the social background, and then it tried to analyze the novel. The story was told almost entirely from the point of view of the first person, David Copperfield, and was the first Dickens’ novel to do so.Dickens’ books were based partly on the difficulties in his earlier life. Thus the author paved the way for the following analysis, including David, Dora, Aunt betsey, Mr.Micawber, and Steerforth. The Mr. Murdstones, Heep, Steer forth and David. As for many characters, the paper divided them into two different images that have great differences. For example, the kind-hearted fisherman Peggotty and David, from a poor family, they hadn’t receiv ed education, but they could hold an honest and good heart, while by contrast, Steerforth was an invalid character.
At the same time, it reflected Dickens' own morality: "What goes around comes around". For example, a symbol of evil Heap and Steerforth has been duly punished; kind-hearted people have found a popular destination that they dreamed to go all the time.
Through analyzing these images, we could know truths, no matter how difficult the situation we were in or how bitter life was, we should have a good heart, and fight against destiny positively.
Finally, the author attempted to analyze different people’s images and show people’s different destinies. The paper intended to tell people that maybe fate was unfair to you, maybe you had been suffering f rom human disasters, you couldn’t do anything without the goodness of heart and you must fight against your own destiny, and it stressed that only love could give us courage to face the misery and suffering.
On the other hand, despite the inconstancy of human relationships, life was a main background in this novel, and love was very important among people.In the end, David gained great success, and the reason was that a lot of people gave him much love which gave him courage to face the misery and sufferings.At the same time, it encouraged people to maintain confidence and enthusiasm in life.
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九年级语文 导 学 案 学生： 记叙文阅读之人物形象分析【学习目标】 1、掌握中考记叙文阅读人物形象分析方法 2、熟悉中考记叙文阅读人物形象题的答题模式。 【中考人物形象分析常见题型】 1.结合具体内容分析人物形象。 2.结合具体人物描写分析形象。 【题型一结合具体内容分析人物形象 试题回顾方法探究 第一步审清题干 （胡适《我的母亲》）试题： 我的母亲是怎样一个人?
请结合文中第⑦段具体事例简要分析。(写出两个方面即可)??? (4分) 概括人物形象+ 结合具体内容分析 品质特点1 （1分）+ 具体依据1（1分） 品质特点2 （1分）+ 具体依据2（1分） 第二步梳理情节 抓住关键词句注意情节转换 ⑦晚上人静后，她罚我跪下，重重地责罚了一顿。她说：“你没了老子，是多么得意的事！好用来说嘴！”她气得坐着发抖，也不许我上床去睡。我跪着哭，用手擦眼泪，不知擦进了什么微菌，后来足足害了一年多的眼翳病。医来医去，总医不好。我母亲心里又悔又急，听说眼翳可以用舌头舔去，有一夜她把我叫醒，她真用舌头舔我的病眼。 第三步具体概括 【注意】多侧面忌笼统 ⑦晚上人静后，她罚我跪下，重重地责罚了一顿。她说：“你没了老子，是多么得意的事！好用来说嘴！”她气得坐着发抖，也不许我上床去睡。我跪着哭，用手擦眼泪，不知擦进了什么微菌，后来足足害了一年多的眼翳病。医来医去，总医不好。我母亲心里又悔又急，听说眼翳可以用舌头舔去，有一夜她把我叫醒，她真用舌头舔我的病眼。 第四步标清序号 ①严厉：晚上人静后母亲重重地责罚、教育我?。 ②疼爱儿子：母亲用舌头舔我的病眼。?? 方法总结 答题思路：审清题干梳理情节具体概括标清序号 表述形式：品质特点1 （1分）+ 具体依据1（1分） 品质特点2 （1分）+ 具体依据2（1分） 总结历年中考试卷中人物形象题的答案： 平凡、朴实、纯真、善良、可爱、沉着冷静、乐观、稳重、害羞、幽默、谨慎
阅读人物形象分析方法
中考阅读:辨析多种表达方式，分析人物形象 （一）表达方式：常见的表达方式共有五种：叙述、描写、议论、抒情、说明。记叙文是以叙述为主要方式，而描写、议论、抒情、说明起辅助作用。 1叙述是一般的交代，把人物的概貌、事件的过程、场景的全貌条理清楚地陈述出来； 2描写是对人物、事件、环境作绘声绘色、细致入微地刻画，使之形象生动，给读者留下深刻的印象。常用的描写有肖像描写、语言描写、心理描写、神态描写、细节描写等人物描写，也有环境描写，环境描写包括社会环境描写和自然环境描写。描写也有正面描写和侧面描写之分； 3议论是作者对所写人物、事件的认识、评价。 4抒情是作者对人物、事件所表达的思想感情。包括直接抒情、间接抒情。直接抒情是在记叙的基础上直接抒发自己对事物的思想感情。间接抒情包括借景抒情和寄情于人、事、物，在叙述描写的字里行间自然渗透作者的思想感情。5记叙文中有时也用说明但很少，常用来说明某种事物状态、性质、功能等特征。 以上表达方式各有特点，但在记叙文中，它们又往往是综合使用、互相渗透、融为一体，在文章中各自起着自己独有的作用。叙述是最主要的表达方式，起决定作用；描写起渲染气氛、塑造形象、增添文采的作用。议论在记叙文中往往起到锦上添花、画龙点睛提示主题的作用；段与段之间的议论也能起到承上启下的妙用。抒情可以使文章感情表达更加充分，更能感染读者，引起读者共鸣。1.指出下列各句所用表达方式。 （1）在人民解放军伟大的胜利的攻势下，南阳守敌王凌云于四日下午弃城南逃，我军当即占领南阳。（） （2）南阳为古宛县，位于河南省南部，因其地理形势及所处位置，历来为兵家必争之地，三国时曹操与张绣曾于此城发生争夺战。（） （3）炽烈的炮火映红了江面和天空。接着，从各
中考阅读:辨析多种表达方式，分析人物形象 （一）表达方式：常见的表达方式共有五种：叙述、描写、议论、抒情、说明。记叙文是以叙述为主要方式，而描写、议论、抒情、说明起辅助作用。 1叙述是一般的交代，把人物的概貌、事件的过程、场景的全貌条理清楚地陈述出来； 2描写是对人物、事件、环境作绘声绘色、细致入微地刻画，使之形象生动，给读者留下深刻的印象。常用的描写有肖像描写、语言描写、心理描写、神态描写、细节描写等人物描写，也有环境描写，环境描写包括社会环境描写和自然环境描写。描写也有正面描写和侧面描写之分； 3议论是作者对所写人物、事件的认识、评价。 4抒情是作者对人物、事件所表达的思想感情。包括直接抒情、间接抒情。直接抒情是在记叙的基础上直接抒发自己对事物的思想感情。间接抒情包括借景抒情和寄情于人、事、物，在叙述描写的字里行间自然渗透作者的思想感情。 5记叙文中有时也用说明但很少，常用来说明某种事物状态、性质、功能等特征。 以上表达方式各有特点，但在记叙文中，它们又往往是综合使用、互相渗透、融为一体，在文章中各自起着自己独有的作用。叙述是最主要的表达方式，起决定作用；描写起渲染气氛、塑造形象、增添文采的作用。议论在记叙文中往往起到锦上添花、画龙点睛提示主题的作用；段与段之间的议论也能起到承上启下的妙用。抒情可以使文章感情表达更加充分，更能感染读者，引起读者共鸣。 1.指出下列各句所用表达方式。 （1）在人民解放军伟大的胜利的攻势下，南阳守敌王凌云于四日下午弃城南逃，我军当即占领南阳。（） （2）南阳为古宛县，位于河南省南部，因其地理形势及所处位置，历来为兵家必争之地，三国时曹操与张绣曾于此城发生争夺战。（） （3）炽烈的炮火映红了江面和天空。接着，从各个港口涌出了无数只大小船只。它们立即散布江面，像箭似的向南飞驶而去。（） （4）两岸都是悬崖峭壁，累累垂垂的石乳一直浸到江水里去，像莲花，像海棠叶儿，像一挂一挂的葡萄，也像仙人骑鹤，乐手吹箫……（） （5）这时渔翁站起身伸出竹篙，挑上鱼鹰，一捏它的长脖子，那鱼便被吐进竹篓里去。（）（6）为什么要改名呢？就让这极美的江山，永久刻下千百年来我们人民艰难苦恨的生活记录吧，这是值得深思的。（） 2.下列这段文字中，有叙述，也有议论，请指出哪些句子属于叙述，哪些句子属于议论。 ①大家都知道明朝的大理论家王阳明，他的思想可以代表传统儒家对实验的态度。②有一天王阳明依照《大学》的指示，先从“格物”做起。③他决定要“格”院子里的竹子。④于是他搬了一条凳子坐在院子里，面对着竹子硬想了七天，结果因为头痛而宣告失败。 ⑤这位先生明明是探察外界却误认为探讨自己。 属于议论：__________________ 属于记叙：__________________ (二)怎样分析人物的形象呢? 一、从品析人物的正面描写，尤其是细节描写入手。 人物描写包括外貌描写、动作描写、心理描写、语言描写和神态描写。其中，外貌描写不仅能勾画出人物的外部面貌、衣着打扮，也能以“形”传“神”，反映人物的身份地位、生活处境、生活习惯和精神追求;人物的言行最能体现人物鲜明的性格，而口是心非、言行不一的描写更能揭示人物复杂的心理活动和多维的性格;人物的心理描写能真实地反映人物的内心世界，有助于揭示人物的性格;神态是人物内心变化的面部表现，把握神态描写便于理解人物思想情感的变化。总之，人物描写能显示人物的身份、处境、心理状态、思想性格等，分析人物形象必须结合人物描写进行，尤其要善于捕捉动作、神态等细节描写中的关键词句进行。 人物描写作用:塑造人物性格,揭示文章主题. 例如:朱志清的<背影>一文中,通过写父亲带着黑布小帽,穿着黑布大马褂,走路蹒跚,为远 行的儿子爬铁道买橘子,表现出父亲在连遭遇不幸的情况下,还时时牵挂着儿子,更表现出父爱之深沉. 二、从分析侧面描写的作用入手。 侧面描写又称间接描写，主要是通过对与特定人物相关的其他人、事、物、景的描写，来烘托、渲染特定人物形象，间接表现特定人物的思想、精神面貌和心理、性格特征的一种描写方法。例如，记叙文常通过描述旁观者的述评、态度和反应来衬托主人公的形象，也常用自然环境描写来以景衬情、暗示人物命运。 三、结合对比、抑扬结合等写作手法来分析。 不同人物形象的对比，人物自身不同言行、境遇的对比，多人对同一事物的不同态度对比等，都能有力地揭示人物性格。如一篇《最美的善举》的记叙文就运用了对比和欲扬先抑的写法，生动刻画了“络腮胡子”看似外表粗俗、大大咧咧，实则细心善良、扶危济困的形象。 四、结合具体事例，按人物成长的不同阶段来分析。 写人离不开记事，人物形象因事迹而丰满。另外，分析人物形象还要有动态的眼光。年龄、生活状况、命运际遇的变化都会影响到人物人生观或价值观的改变，进一步影响到人物的思想情感、道德品质、性格特征的变化，所以分析这样的人物形象要依阶段进行。
《边城》中的主要人物形象分析 摘要：本文对著名作家沈从文本人以及其作品《边城》的主要内容进行了概括，并结合故事情节对小说中的主要人物：翠翠、大老天宝以及二老傩送进行了一系列评述。 关键词：《边城》、爱情、悲剧 《边城》是我国著名作家沈从文先生的一部代表作。沈从文先生是湖南凤凰县人，他出生于行伍世家，身上流淌着汉、苗、土家等民族的血液，湘西美丽的自然风光以及少数民族长期被歧视的历史，使他本人以及其作品都有一种极其独特的风格和感觉。在沈从文先生众多的作品之中，《边城》便是他对湘西世界的一种极好的展现，也是最能表现出一种人性美的作品。 《边城》主要讲述了一个发生在湘西偏远的小镇——茶峒的凄美的爱情故事。故事主要围绕老船夫的孙女翠翠和船总顺顺的两个儿子大老天宝和二老傩送展开。天宝和傩送兄弟两个同时爱上了翠翠这个纯真善良的姑娘，翠翠虽然喜欢二老傩送，但由于封建传统思想的束缚，翠翠一直把这种感情压抑在心中，错失了一份美好的爱情，也酿成了天宝淹死、傩送出走的悲剧。最终，老船夫也由于心力交瘁而去世，留下翠翠一个人孤独地生活。小说的最后写到：这个人也许永远不会回来了，也许明天回来！这给小说悲剧性的结尾带来了一丝淡淡的希望。虽然留给翠翠的是无尽的等待，但至少还保留着一种希望。我想，也正是由于这种希望，翠翠才能支撑下去吧。 在这里，我想对这个爱情故事中的三个主要人物：翠翠、大老天宝和二老傩送进行一点评析。 首先是大老天宝。天宝是一个敢作敢为的人，同时又是一个胸怀宽广的人。毋庸置疑，他深深地爱着翠翠，并且走了“车路”，向翠翠提了亲。后来，天宝知道自己的弟弟傩送也喜欢翠翠之后，便相约去“决斗”，“决斗”的方式便是唱歌。在“决斗”时，天宝让弟弟先唱，弟弟唱完之后，天宝自知比不过，并且翠翠深爱的是自己的弟弟时，天宝忍痛割爱，选择了退出，成全傩送和翠翠。然而，天宝最后却死于意外，这让人不免有些遗憾。 然后是二老傩送。傩送是一个心地善良，敢于追求，蔑视金钱和地位、责任感很强的人。当为翠翠唱歌的时候，傩送倾注了自己浓浓的爱意，用自己的歌声打动了翠翠；当王团总以碾坊作为陪嫁时，傩送不为所动，仍然追求着自己的真爱；当得知哥哥天宝闯滩而死的时候，傩送心怀愧疚，最终选择了出走。这一切都体现了傩送是一个性情中人。 最后我要着重谈谈翠翠这个主人公。从一定层面上来说，翠翠这一人物形象是沈从文先生一生坎坷经历的一种折射，是沈从文先生追求的爱与美的化身。翠翠是一个刻画十分到位的文学典型。第一，翠翠具有显现出特征的性格。一方面，翠翠有着和当地人一样的淳朴和自然，对美好的爱情充满了渴望；另一方面，翠翠她在很大程度上仍然受到了封建传统思想的束缚，一直在压抑着自己的感情，并没有十分明显地表现出对二老傩送的爱。第二，翠翠具有显示出生命斑斓色彩的性格，既有反抗叛逆、日渐成熟的进步之心，又有纯真善良、美丽朝气的少女之心。第三，翠翠具有显示出灵魂深度的性格，应该说，翠翠是那个时代女性渴望自由的爱情与婚姻却又受到文化的一种压抑的矛盾心理的代表。第四，翠翠具有蕴含深刻历史真实的性格，在翠翠的身后还站着一个一生坎坷却又对理想人生充满向往的沈从文，这使翠翠的形象更加真挚感人。 总之，不管是《边城》的故事内容还是其对人物的刻画，《边城》都给我们带来了一种美的体验，我们也能够感受到小说主人公的心情。我相信，每一个读过《边城》的人都会得到一种心灵的涤荡与净化。 参考文献： [1]沈从文.边城[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社，2008.1.1. [2]朱栋霖，丁帆，朱晓进.中国现代文学史[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2011.6.203—212
分析人物形象的基本方法 一、通过人物描写分析人物性格 通过人物描写分析人物性格是一个较浅易的思维过程，但考虑问题的时候需要注意几个细节： 1、凡是文中涉及的人物描写方法都要考虑到，重点是分析主要的描写方法。 2、要关注人物描写时能展示人物性格的关键词。 3、关注具有双关意义或较含蓄(具有深层含义)的描写词语。 二、通过情节、环境补充人物性格 小说的三要素包括人物、情节和环境，但这三者之间实际上不是并列的，从某个角度而言，情节与环境是为塑造人物服务的，它们对人物性格的补充作用有时候会体现得相当重要。 自然环境描写除了推动情节发展这一作用之外，其他作用都是围绕人物展开的，它们包括：烘托人物心理活动，烘托气氛，烘托人物性格。 故事情节在塑造人物性格方面的作用，需要我们从整体上去把握，简而言之，就是我们要看清通过事件的发生与发展过程，表现了人物怎样的性格特点。 三、通过人物性格分析人物形象 人物形象应该是人物性格与其身份地位的综合。人物性格的分析为人物形象的分析奠定了深厚的基础，就如同要造一幢楼房，结构上的大多数建材都已具备，就只等着将这些材料组合在一起了。 从表达上而言，人物形象用如下的方式概括：××是一个(人物性格)的(人物身份地位、性质、评价等)形象。概括时，如果能够确定人物身份的，则以“工人”、“农民”、“小市民”、“手工业者”??概括。 四、通过人物形象分析主题思想 小说塑造人物形象的目的在于揭示社会矛盾，反映现实生活，这里的“社会矛盾”与“现实生活”就是小说反映的主题思想。 因此，每一个形象的塑造都是有其目的的，分析时如果能抓住人物形象，把作者塑造这个形象的目的揭示出来，就能顺利达到分析主题思想的目的。 四步分析法概述
试论《边城》中的人物及关系 内容摘要沈从文先生的《边城》，成功地塑造了一群生活在“边城”的小人物形象。翠翠的天真、老船夫的善良、顺顺的慷慨、天保的豁达和傩送的聪慧。他们世世代代生于边城，长于边城，在边城过着和平宁静的生活。他们是一群善良的人，这里人心皆真、人性皆善、人情皆美。正如汪曾祺在《又读边城》中所说，《边城》“是一个温暖的作品”但是，“温暖”的后面“隐伏着作者很深的悲剧感”。的确，善良并没有给这群善良的人们带来幸福，相反，这些人无一幸免“善良”的捉弄，无一不为“善良”付出代价。在《边城》里，他们上演了一幕幕人生的悲剧，翠翠与傩送美丽而凄婉的爱情，老船夫中年丧女，又带着未了的心愿在暴风雨之夜猝然长逝，顺顺中年丧子和对老船夫的误会、猜疑，天保的英年早逝。这一个个“善”的毁灭的悲剧无一不直指人心，令人心颤。 关键词善良误会悲剧 读完沈从文的中篇小说《边城》，我不由得被小说中人物命运深深感染了，心情久久不能平静。掩卷沉思，一个个栩栩如生的人物仿佛就生活在我的身边，对于翠翠、老船夫、顺顺、天保、傩送以及杨马兵等人物，我有一种似曾相识的感觉，尽管我们天各一方，但我们的人性是相通的。他们原始平静的生活方式，淳朴宁静的人生形式，善良豁达的性格特征加之青山秀水的自然风光，古朴浓烈的民风民俗，无一不在我的脑海中留下深刻印象。有时，我真的羡慕他们真善美的“边城”小镇，渴望他们世外桃源般的生活，希望我能融入他们的喜怒哀乐，希望我能生活在碧咀溪边，白塔下，和翠翠一起守护着那渡船，任凭岁月慢慢老去----当梦想还原于现实，我为这些人物的善良而震颤，为人物的命运而歌哭。下面我就《边城》里面的人物及关系谈一谈我的理解。 一、翠翠 翠翠是不幸的，从出生就没有得到父母的爱抚，翠翠又是幸运的，她有一个疼她、爱她、娇她、惯她的爷爷。“女孩的母亲，老船夫的独生女，十五年前同一个茶峒军人很秘密的背着那忠厚爸爸发生了暧昧关系”，她的父亲------茶峒军人既不愿违背军人的职责，又不愿毁去做军人的选择，“一同生既无法聚首，一同去死当无人阻拦”，她的母亲待腹中小孩生下后，到溪水吃了许多冷水死去了。这样，翠翠的父母双双殉情，乘鹤而去，留下了孤苦无依的翠翠，翠翠在祖父的精心照料下，奇迹般的居然长大成人。 可以说，翠翠是父母圣洁爱情的结晶，是爱的天使与爱的精灵。同时，翠翠又是大自然的女儿，“翠翠在风日里长养着，故把皮肤变得黑黑的，触目为青山绿水，故眸子清明如水晶。自然既长养她且教育她，故天真活泼，处处俨然如一只小兽物”。翠翠“从不想残忍的事情，从不发愁，从不动气”。翠翠随祖父渐渐长大，她同祖父、黄狗一起守着渡船，过着无为而又平静的生活。在风和日丽无人过渡时，翠翠便同祖父一起坐在门前大岩石上晒太阳；
八年级现代文阅读人物形象分析 一、课前导入 （一）xx考 一.基础知识积累与运用（30分） 1.选出下列加点字注音全对的一项（）（2分） A.震悚（shǒng）荒谬（miào）溃退（guì）锐不可当（dǎng） B.要塞（sāi）瞥见（piē）惊骇（gài）歼灭（qiān） C.俨然（yān）幽咽（yàn）诘问（jí）差使（chà） D.阡陌（qiān）举箸（zhù）寒噤（jìn）仄歪（zè） 2.下列词语中书写完全正确的一项是（）（2分） A.阻遏创疤鸿蠕穷愁撩倒 B.烦躁狼籍蹒栅缭绕不绝 C.琐屑皇急杀戮臭名昭著 D.簌簌颓唐案牍黄发垂髫 3.下列的字或词语解释有误的一项（）（2分） A.业已：已经震悚：身体因恐惧或过度兴奋而颤动。 B.阡陌：田间小路。白丁：平民，这里指没有什么学问的人。 C.丝竹：丝线和竹子。烽火：柴火 D.逾：越过。幽咽：形容低微、断续的哭声。 4.下列句子没有语病的一句是（）（2分） A.同学们以敬佩的眼光倾听着这位老红军作的报告。 B.考试能否取得好成绩，取决于平时是否努力。 C.中学生是学习的重要阶段。
D.我们要注意改正并找出作文中的错别字。5.下列句中加点的成语使用正确的一项是（3分） A．群众智慧无穷无尽，一个人的才能只不过是沧海一粟，根本不值得一提。 B．他患有严重的胃病，不仅不能饮美酒，面对佳肴也只能浅尝辄止。 C．昨天，看完火箭队和湖人队的精彩比赛，几个球迷津津乐道地谈论着姚明的突出表现。 D．日本福岛第一核电站发生连续爆炸，造成含有大量放射性污水泄漏，令人头晕目眩 二、知识点讲解 人物形象分析： （一）.从分析人物的直接描写入手。 人物直接描写(也叫正面描写)，就是通过直接描写人物的肖像、行动、语言、心理等，揭示人物思想品质和性格特点，反映作品的主题。 1、肖像描写(也叫外貌描写) 它的作用不只在于勾画出这个人物的外部特征，而是为了以“形”来传“神”，因此分析人物外貌可以揭示人物性格特征。 例如《故乡》中对闰土的描写：“十一二岁，紫色圆脸，项带银圈，有一双红活圆实的手，手捏一柄钢叉，向一匹猹尽力刺去……”这是一个活泼、勇敢、英俊的少年。 而中年闰土却变成：“身材增加了一倍，脸色灰黄，很深的皱纹，眼睛周围肿得通红，头戴破毡帽，身上只有一件极薄的棉衣，浑身瑟缩着，手提一个纸包和一只长烟管，手又粗又笨，而且开裂，像是松树皮了”。这是一个饱经忧患，受尽劳累、饥寒交迫、麻木迟钝而又自卑的人了。
《翠翠》中翠翠人物形象分析 在作者沈从文的《边城》中，小说叙述了湘西小镇一对相依为命的祖孙平凡宁静的人生，以及这份平凡宁静中难以抹去的寂寞和“淡淡的凄凉”。 “由四川过湖南去，靠东有一条官路。这官路将近湘西边境，到了一个地方名叫茶峒的小山城时，有一条小溪，溪边有座白色小塔，塔下住了一户单独的人家。这家人只有一个老人，一个女孩子，一只黄狗。”小说在这种极其朴素而又娓娓动人的语调中开始叙述，一开篇就为我们展示了一个宁静古朴的湘西乡间景致。为后面小说的主人翁塑造了一个大的背景环境。 沈从文用平淡的语言淡化了翠翠与爷爷孤独清贫的生活，却尽量展现他们与自然和乡人的和谐关系。近乎原始的单纯生活，淳朴自然的民风，善良敦厚的本性，与那温柔的河流、清凉的山风、满眼的翠竹、白日喧嚣夜里静谧的渡船一起，构成一幅像诗、像画、更像音乐的优美意境。 小说叙述了女主人公翠翠的一段朦胧而了无结局的爱情，但爱情却不是小说所要表现的全部。翠翠是母亲与一个兵士的私生子，父母都为这不道德的、更是无望的爱情自我惩罚而先后离开人世。翠翠自打出生，她的生活中就只有爷爷、渡船、黄狗。正因为这种单纯，与世无争的生活塑造了翠翠天真善良，温柔清纯，不贪财，不羡贵，不嫌贫，不偷懒的中国人民传统美德。 翠翠自幼父母双亡，内心充满孤独，与寂寞。虽然有外公无微不至地照顾她，但外公并不能真正理解她作为一个青春少女的情怀。许多事他不能和她外公讲，因此也就闷在心里了，她常常“看着天上的红云，听着渡口飘来乡生意人的杂乱声音，心中有些薄薄的凄凉。”因为没有人能体会一个思春少女的感情，替她分担内心的挣扎与不安。所以她常常感到“这日子成为痛苦的东西了”。她为这无奈的生活而痛哭，外公不能明白她内心的哀痛，只能哄劝她说：“不许哭，做一个大人，不管有什么事都不许哭。要硬扎一点，结实一点，才配活到这块土地上!” 这话说的没错，对于一个阅尽人事，饱经风霜的撑渡老人，精神的支撑是非常重要的，正是因为这种强韧的精神力量支撑着这位撑渡老人，五十年来如一日的忠于职守。然而对于一个花季少女，这样的话太不切实际了。天保和傩送为了她唱歌“决斗”，她却毫不知情，只能在梦中希望爱情的实现，现实好像和她毫无相干。最后天保闯滩而死，傩送离家出走，外公为她的婚事忧愁而亡，她却并不能了解这一切的前因后果，只能凄凉地守着渡船，等待着心上人的归来。“这个人也许永远不回来了，也许明天回来!”没有人能告 试做这样一个梦：“日复一日浸润于逼人的翠色之中，只是生活着、欣欣然，带着新生的好奇，一派混沌天真的种种感情情绪无从命名，更无从概括分析，带着点被压抑的认识的迫切，又带着点惊恐地睁着青涩的眼的怯世。于世事似乎明白了什么又朦朦胧胧，即使心里压着许多念头，仍耐着性子重复每个日子，或许时间会提示多一点未知。” 就像“黄昏照样的温柔、美丽、平静。 但一个人若体验到这个当前一切时，也就照样的在这黄昏中会有点儿薄薄的凄凉。” 那一刻，只有体会，不会有明朗的意识，翠翠便处于这样一种本真之中“处处俨如一只小兽物”“从不发愁，从不动气”。她对世界的认识行为还只是试探性的，带着距离，这距离来自于天性的反应，无以获得客观的判断，但倘若翠翠晓得用一种理性或客观的眼光去看待这一切，这种生活状态也不再存在。
阅读理解答题技巧之分析人物形象 一、人物形象分析的方法 1.从人物的正面描写入手 所谓正面描写即通过描写人物的语言、动作、肖像、心理、神态等，揭示人物思想品质和性格特点，反映作品的主题。 1.1行动描写和语言描写 人物行动最能体现人物的性格特点。言为心声，人物的语言也体现着人物的心理，体现人物的思想性格或品质。 记叙文阅读中，大多依据人物的事件来分析人物性格及品质。所以，在概括人物形象时，大家要紧紧抓住事件，从中体会表现了人物的哪些性格及品质。 1.2肖像描写（也叫外貌描写） 它的作用不只在于勾画出这个人物的外部特征，而是为了以“形”来传“神”，因此分析人物外貌可以揭示人物性格特征。 注意区分外貌描写和神态描写：前者刻画人的长相和衣着等，是一种先天的和经常性的状态；后者是指某一具体情境下人物的神情状态。 1.3心理描写 分析人物的心理描写，能很好的揭示人物的内心世界。
心理描写是对人物在一定环境中的思想活动描写，它往往和外貌、语言、行动交叉在一起。有时描写了人物的外貌、行动、语言，同时也反映了人物的内心世界。 2.从人物的侧面描写（间接描写）入手 通过其他人物的言行，间接写主人公。如用有关人物的对话，心理活动，事件叙述等烘托所要描写的主耍人物的性格特征。 3.从人物的细节描写入手 所谓细节描写是指对人物的肖像、语言、动作、服饰、神情变化以及事物、场面、环境的细微处进行具体描写。 分析细节描写，首先要注意细节的真实性，要经得起推敲；其次看是否具有典型意义，看其是否经过精心选择，巧妙安排。 4.从对比、抑扬结合等写作手法入手 不同人物形象的対比，人物自身不同言行、境遇的对比，多人对同一事物的不同态度对比等，都能有力地揭示人物性格。 二、做题步骤和思路 1.人物形象分析一般可按以下四步进行步骤一：找出描写或评价人物的语 句。步骤二：概括文章人物形象特点。 步骤三：品味相关语句的艺术手法（修辞或表现手法或表达方式）及作
改重时将字数改到6300字，要求语句连贯通顺，无口语化！ 摘要：《边城》是沈从文的代表作之一，小说以兼具抒情诗和小品文的优美笔触，表现自然、民风和人性的美，描绘了水边船上所见到的风物、人情，是一幅诗情浓郁的湘西风情画，充满牧歌情调和地方色彩，形成别具一格的抒情乡土小说。在沈从文先生的湘西世界中有很多可爱的、充满着灵性的生命。被誉为“现代文学史上最纯净的一个小说文本”、“中国现代文学牧歌传说中的顶峰之作”的《边城》被遴选进人教版普通高中课程标准实验教科书，使得我们在高中时代得以领略沈从文笔下湘西世界的美本文通过关注其作品《边城》,走近作者笔下的人物形象。发掘作者在他们身上所表现的善良、淳朴等优秀的品质，从中我们可以感受到作者表达的美与爱。 关键词：人物形象；善良；亲情；爱情；苗族文化 谈起沈从文先生,他笔下描绘的湘西世界,的确非常让人神往,充满着如诗般的意境。在沈从文先生的湘西世界中有很多可爱的、充满着灵性的生命。《边城》所写的故事很简单，然而却极美：在湘西风光秀丽、人情质朴的边远小城，生活着靠摆渡为生的祖孙二人，外公年逾七十，仍很健壮，孙女翠翠十五岁，情窦初开。他们热情助人，纯朴善良。两年前在端午节赛龙舟的盛会上，翠翠邂逅当地船总的二少爷傩送，从此种下情苗。然而碰巧的是傩送的哥哥天保也喜欢上美丽清纯的翠翠，托人向翠翠的外公求亲，而地方上的王团总也看上了傩送，情愿以碾坊作陪嫁把女儿嫁给傩送。傩送不要碾坊，想娶翠翠为妻，宁愿作个摆渡人。于是兄弟俩相约唱歌求婚，让翠翠做选择。天保知道翠翠喜欢傩送，为了成全弟弟，外出闯滩，遇意外而死。傩送觉得自己对哥哥的死负有责任，抛下翠翠出走他乡。外公因翠翠的婚事操心担忧，在风雨之夜去世。留下翠翠孤独地守着渡船，痴心地等着傩送归来，“这个人也许永远不回来了，也许明天回来！” 一、翠翠的人物形象分析 沈从文先生作品创作的一个基点是“生命”，他曾经说过“我是一个对一切无信仰的人，却只相信‘生命’”。正因此，沈从文先生笔下的生命美丽而真实。他将美熔铸在他笔下的每一个女子身上。在青山绿水中翠翠的故事娓娓道来。翠翠是一个天真善良、温柔清纯、聪明乖巧的少女。自幼父母双亡的她和外公相依为命，住在离群独居的渡口边的茅屋里，外公对她疼爱有加。而就是这种环境造就了翠翠内向、沉静、纯洁和富于幻想的独特性格。因为外公不理解她的心事，虽然有外公无微不至照顾她，但是并不能真正理解她作为一个青春少女的情怀，内心无比孤独。翠翠对祖父的爱带着一些任性、一些娇气，而对天保兄弟的爱则带着少女的羞涩和幻想。由于她感觉到祖父不理解自己，便设想着自己出走给祖父带来的“惩罚”——让祖父尝尝失去她的痛苦；可是当她想到祖父的无奈便又为他担心起来，于是一次次地叫祖父回家，生怕两人真的就会分手。这生动地反映出翠翠对祖父的依恋之情。文章最精彩之处就在于翠翠的“哭”。哭得那么的突然，那么的深沉，那么的久长。翠翠的哭，祖父自然不理解，连翠翠自己也觉得好笑。但正是这哭，反映了翠翠内心对祖父的负疚感、无人解怀的孤寂感以及梦与现实的矛盾感。淋漓尽致地刻画出一个青春少女的躁动不安的心理。她是湘西山水孕育出来的一个精灵，“她在风日里成长着，皮肤黑黑的，触目青山绿水，一对眸子清如水晶，自然抚养着她，教育着她。”她“为人天真活泼，处处俨然如一只小兽物人又那么乖，如山头黄麂一样，从不想到残忍事情，从不发愁，从不动气。平时在渡船上遇到陌生人对她有所注意时，便把光光的眼睛瞅着那陌生人，作成随时皆可举步逃入深山的神气，但明白了人无机心后，就又从从容容在水边玩耍了”，“从不想残忍的事情，从不发愁，从不动气”。边城的风日、山水，使她出落成一个眉清目秀、聪慧温柔，且带几分矜持、几分娇气的少女。翠翠是美的精灵与化身，她路遇在划船比赛中了头等的傩送，两颗年轻的心灵撞击在了一起，那种朦胧的爱意便在翠翠心中萌发，从此她觉得自己的感情有了一种新的寄托，但又不好意思表达说出来，当别人无意提到的时候，她会脸红，在内心深处却又在盼
沈从文《边城》人物形象分析翠翠：翠翠天真善良、温柔清纯。她 和外公相依为命，对外公关心备至。因为 外公不理解她的心事，她就幻想出逃让外 公去寻她，可是想到外公找不到她时的无 奈，又为外公担心起来，为自己的想法的 后果害怕自责。她爱上了傩送，感情纯洁 真挚。节选部分以后，傩送远去，她又矢志不渝地等待着心上人的归来，表现了她对爱的执著。 (边城)中的主人公翠翠，是沈从文向往的优美人性与人生的化身与极致。这个湘西少女，是渡船老人的外孙女，祖孙俩相依为命，长期生活在山水间、渡船上，青山绿水与古朴的环境造就了翠翠清澈透明的性格，她美丽、热情、纯真，从不发愁，从不动气，又从小常看着老人向那些困惫的旅人赠饮一杯凉茶，甚至不收过渡者的赏钱，过着勤俭、宁静的生活。随着岁月的更替，翠翠的情感发生了变化，作者细腻地展示了这个少女情窦初开时充满爱的心灵，她喜欢看迎送新娘的喜轿，爱在头发上插朵野花，乐于听人唱歌，因为在一次龙舟竞渡时邂逅船总的儿子傩送，从此暗暗倾心。至此，作者向读者展现了翠翠的青春的觉醒和萌动，朦胧的憧憬和少女羞涩的美妙心态，表现人类感情中极为美好的一面。而在傩送远走，渡船老人又溘然长逝后，翠翠怀着对老祖父的伤悼之情和对恋人的思念，守着渡口，虽有失落，但依然抱着期待，尽管傩送“这个人也许永远不回来了，也许明天回采”，翠翠仍一如既往，因循着传统的方式，平和地生活着、等待着。作者通过这一形象，特别是通过这一人物在爱情生活中的态度，描绘出人世间一种纯洁美好的感情、讴歌了象征着爱与美的人性与人生，“为人类‘爱’字作一度恰如其分的说明”。 祖父：他是中国古代劳动人民的杰出代表。他善良、勤劳、朴实、憨厚、忠于职守、克尽本分。他生活虽然清贫，但却从不贪心；乐善好施，却从不索取。终生为别人服务，却不图别人的一丝报答。对于自己的女儿和外孙女，他痛爱有加，把自己的整个身心都给了她们。十七年前，当他的独生女背着自己与驻防的一名绿营兵恋爱，有了小孩子后，他“却不加上一个有分量的字眼儿，只作为并
小说阅读——人物形象分析 人物形象是小说阅读的必考内容，命题的热点首先是人物形象或性格的分析概括，其次是人物形象在文中的作用以及对作品中的人物进行评价探究。二轮复习主要做好“分析概括”和“鉴赏评价”两个方面的突破。 (2016·全国Ⅲ卷)阅读下面的文字，完成后面的题目。 玻璃 贾平凹 约好在德巴街路南第十个电杆下会面，去了却没看到他。我决意再等一阵，踅进一家小茶馆里一边吃茶一边盯着电杆。旁边新盖了一家酒店，玻璃装嵌，还未完工，正有人用白粉写“注意玻璃”的字样。 吃过一壶茶后，我回到了家。妻子说王有福来电话了，反复解释他是病了，不能赴约，能否明日上午在德巴街后边的德比街再见，仍是路南第十个电杆下。第二天我赶到德比街，电杆下果然坐着一个老头，额头上包着一块纱布。我说你是王得贵的爹吗，他立即弯下腰，说：我叫王有福。 我把得贵捎的钱交给他，让给娘好好治病。他看四周没人，就解开裤带将钱装进裤衩上的兜里，说：“我请你去喝烧酒！” 我谢绝了。他转身往街的西头走去，又回过头来给我鞠了个躬。我问他家离这儿远吗，他说不远，就在德巴街紧南的胡同里。我说从这里过去不是更近吗，老头笑了一下，说：“我不走德巴街。” 他不去德巴街，我却要去，昨日那家茶馆不错。走过那家酒店，玻璃墙上却贴出了一张布告——昨天因装修的玻璃上未作标志，致使一过路人误撞受伤。敬请受伤者速来我店接受我们的歉意并领取赔偿费。 我被酒店此举感动，很快想到王有福是不是撞了玻璃受的伤呢，突然萌生了一个念头：既然肯赔偿，那就是他们理屈，何不去法院上告，趁机索赔更大一笔钱呢？我为我的聪明得意，第二天便给王有福打电话，约他下午到红星饭店边吃边谈。 红星饭店也是玻璃装修，我选择这家饭店，是要证实他是不是真的在酒店撞伤的。他见了我，肿胀的脸上泛了笑容，步履却小心翼翼，到了门口还用手摸，证实是门口了，一倾一倾地摇晃着小脑袋走进来。 “我没请你，你倒请我了！”他说。 “一顿饭算什么！”我给他倒了一杯酒，他赶忙说：“我不敢喝的，我有伤。” “大伯，你是在德巴街酒店撞伤的吗？” “你……那酒店怎么啦？” “这么说，你真的在那儿撞的！” “这……” 老头瓷在那里，似乎要抵赖，但脸色立即赤红，压低了声音说：“是在那儿撞的。”一下子人蔫了许多，可怜得像个做错事的孩子。 “这就好。”我说。 “我不是故意的。”老头急起来。“我那日感冒，头晕晕的，接到你的电话出来，经过那里，明明看着没有什么，走过去，咚，便撞上了。” “你撞伤了，怎么就走了？”
记叙文阅读训练——人物形象分析 基础知识： 首先，分析人物形象要从描写入手，人物在故事中重要做了什么事，说了什么话，同时要注意故事中的肖像描写、心理描写、侧面描写、细节描写等，来揣摩人物内心情感，感受人物思想性格。 其次，要注意联系上下文，可以和故事中其他人物对比分析，全面把握人物思想性格。 最后，要注意调动自己的生活积累，故事中人物的言行如果是在现实生活中我们会怎样评价，如果是我自己我会怎样做，但要从主流思想角度去把握。 家徽 余华 ①国有国徽，校有校徽，厂有厂徽。奇怪吗？我家竟有家徽。我家的家徽是一条鱼，一条画在门板上的鱼。那条鱼的图案画得很笨拙，线条零乱而粗糙，只能让人意会到是条鱼而已。但它却有不寻常的来历。 ②祖父在世时，膝下有父亲他们弟兄四个，个个都是牛高马大的男子汉。民国初年，战乱频繁，家庭仗着几个男人下死力气勉强维持温饱。 ③一天夜半，父亲起来小解，发现一个人影蹿进了厨房，他便喊叫起来，同时马上守住厨房门口。不一会儿，父亲弟兄几个都起来了，他们点着灯，拿着大木棒子和斧头，仔细地搜索着厨房的每一个角落，那时粮食就是性命，大家决心不把这窃贼打死，也得让他残废。厨房的旮旮旯旯都搜遍了，却没发现人。父亲弟兄几个说父亲定是半夜眼花，父亲赌咒发誓说肯定有人。还在大家争辩时祖父来了，祖父让儿子们都去睡觉。等他们走了之后，祖父走到水缸边，敲敲盖子，说：“你不用躲了，出来吧。”只见水缸里水淋淋地站起一个人。这人一手擎着水缸木盖，浑身颤抖，面无人色，另一只手里，还攥着一布袋大米。 ④祖父望着窃贼，叹口气说：“算了，你走吧，要是让我的儿子们看见了，你今天非残废不可。” ⑤贼傻望着祖父，他不敢相信祖父就这样轻易地让他走，但祖父分明是平静地挥了挥手，贼便从水缸里爬出来。祖父又把那水淋淋的米袋子交给他说：“带
《边城》是我国著名作家沈从文先生地一部代表作.沈从文先生是湖南凤凰县人，他出生于行伍世家，身上流淌着汉、苗、土家等民族地血液，湘西美丽地自然风光以及少数民族长期被歧视地历史，使他本人以及其作品都有一种极其独特地风格和感觉.在沈从文先生众多地作品之中，《边城》便是他对湘西世界地一种极好地展现，也是最能表现出一种人性美地作品.《边城》主要讲述了一个发生在湘西偏远地小镇——茶峒地凄美地爱情故事.故事主要围绕老船夫地孙女翠翠和船总顺顺地两个儿子大老天宝和二老傩送展开.天宝和傩送兄弟两个同时爱上了翠翠这个纯真善良地姑娘，翠翠虽然喜欢二老傩送，但由于封建传统思想地束缚，翠翠一直把这种感情压抑在心中，错失了一份美好地爱情，也酿成了天宝淹死、傩送出走地悲剧.最终，老船夫也由于心力交瘁而去世，留下翠翠一个人孤独地生活.小说地最后写到：这个人也许永远不会回来了，也许明天回来！这给小说悲剧性地结尾带来了一丝淡淡地希望.虽然留给翠翠地是无尽地等待，但至少还保留着一种希望.我想，也正是由于这种希望，翠翠才能支撑下去吧. 最后我要着重谈谈翠翠这个主人公.翠翠乖巧伶俐又带有山区女孩地淳朴活泼，天真善良而不娇嫩，具有大自然赋予地活力.她是一个生动透明地“美”地形象，“美”地化身.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 、情窦初开、渴望爱情 十五岁地翠翠朦胧中渴望着爱情.“在成熟地生命中，觉得好像缺了什么.……想要在一件新地人事上攀住它”；渴望新地生活，“好像生活太平凡了，忍受不住.于是胡思乱想：下桃源县，过洞庭湖”.听父母地故事，神往倾心.幻想着能像母亲一样出走争取自己地幸福，善良地心地又使她难以付诸行动.对傩送一见倾心，但又含蓄而不善表白..内心孤寂文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 “她看天上地红云，听着渡口飘来乡生意人地杂乱声音，心中有些薄薄地凄凉.”因为没有人能够理解这位思春少女地情怀，所以她感到“这日子成为痛苦地东西了”.她为这无可奈何而痛苦.尽管爷爷对她关爱备至，但并不能真正理解这个青春少女地内心世界.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 命运自主者 在沈从文小说中，翠翠是为数不多地能为自己命运做主地乡下女孩.是命运自主地歌者.爷爷为翠翠指定地丈夫是大老，这也是通过媒人提亲地“车路”，但翠翠心里爱地是二老，翠翠没有接受爷爷地安排，争取自己地爱情，并为自己地爱情努力过.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 、聪明伶俐、善解人意、乖巧甚至有点狡黠 她正当婚姻，面对爷爷不失时机地委婉引导，她“不能忘记”；面对爷爷旁敲侧击地询问，她会闪烁其辞地表明态度.当爷爷提及到傩送向她攀交情地时候，先是“吃了一惊”，然后借故走开. 她会把夜晚听到地为她而唱地爱情，当作梦境讲给爷爷；她会把自己未来幸福地担忧融合在对爷爷地依恋中讲给他听……文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 从一定层面上来说，翠翠这一人物形象是沈从文先生一生坎坷经历地一种折射，是沈从文先生追求地爱与美地化身.翠翠是一个刻画十分到位地文学典型.第一，翠翠具有显现出特征地性格.一方面，翠翠有着和当地人一样地淳朴和自然，对美好地爱情充满了渴望；另一方面，翠翠她在很大程度上仍然受到了封建传统思想地束缚，一直在压抑着自己地感情，并没有十分明显地表现出对二老傩送地爱.第二，翠翠具有显示出生命斑斓色彩地性格，既有反抗叛逆、日渐成熟地进步之心，又有纯真善良、美丽朝气地少女之心.第三，翠翠具有显示出灵魂深度地性格，应该说，翠翠是那个时代女性渴望自由地爱情与婚姻却又受到文化地一种压抑地矛盾心理地代表.第四，翠翠具有蕴含深刻历史真实地性格，在翠翠地身后还站着一个一生坎坷却又对理想人生充满向往地沈从文，这使翠翠地形象更加真挚感人.文中地翠翠是
初中阅读理解人物形象赏析专题 一、人物形象： 刻画人物形象是记叙文的主要目的之一，所以分析人物形象，概括人物性格特征就成为记叙文阅读最重要的考核点之一。 人物形象分析，主要是通过分析人物的言行、事迹，获得对人物的身份、性格特征、思想倾向、道德品质等方面的准确认识。 二、刻画人物形象的常见手法： （一）正面描写——直接描写：通过描写人物的语言、动作、肖像、心理、细节等来表现人物的性格特征。 （二）侧面描写——间接描写：通过其他人物的言行，间接的描写主人公，从登场人物的口中、眼中或感受中写出未登场人物的性格。 三、怎样分析人物的形象： 步骤一：画出描写或评价人物的语句。 步骤二：概括文章人物形象特点。 步骤三：品味相关语句的艺术手法（修辞或表现手法或表达方式）及作用，在此基础上进行分析、概括。 步骤四：表述出来。 专题训练一】 滴水之恩 紫红色的天空渐渐变得暗黑。我握着桑木棍，孤单地走在山路上。 我是搭赶集的车来到这个地方的，去寻找据说矗立在附近田野中的古塔。当我在陌生的乡间找到青麦田里残存的白色古塔，再回到先前下车的小街时，集市早已散了。 街角凉粉摊前头裹苗帕的老妇人的回答叫我失望：“公交车下午一点以后就
没有了，要是你早些到，还可以搭摆摊的货车。” 这会儿，什么车也没有了。 “在那里住一晚，明早再搭车走嘛。”老妇人指指对面一家写着“迎宾旅馆”的木楼对我说。 但我无论如何也得赶回去，明早还有事呢。 走三十多里路是没有问题的，只是我根本不认得返回的路。 老妇人指点我沿这条路一直朝东走，别走岔路就可以走回去了。“小心哟，这个季节山里有蛇。”她顺手砍下一截桑木枝递给我。 雷声从远处沉沉地压过来，闪电把天边的乌云撕开一道耀眼的裂缝。 我一边走一边看有没有经过的车可搭。一辆卡车嘶吼着爬上山坡，我拼命挥手，车从我身边呼地开了过去。 山下沟坳里，几户人家的窗格透出昏黄的灯光来。雷声越滚越近，大雨说不准什么时候就会瓢泼而下。我只得加紧步子，同时担心蛇会突然从路边草丛中钻出。 终于又有一辆小拖车开过来，这次被我拦下了。没想到，司机竟会是那个人。 去年夏天在马山，有一天将散集时，我在街上闲逛，看见了他。 当时，他衣衫不整地斜靠在土墙根下，胡须很长，头发蓬乱，一副潦倒落魄的样子。他的面前并没有放乞讨钱币的碗，但我确信，他一定是又渴又饿了。 几步之外有个茶水摊，我去买了一杯水一块糕递给他。他无神的眼睛并没有因我的热心而闪亮，他甚至不抬眼看一看便自顾自吞食起来。“快散集了，要去哪里，你也该去了。”我随口劝了他一句，便走开了。 几个月过去了，虽然眼前这个人整洁而精神，但我还是认出了他。 “去马山吗？”我焦灼地问。 “去马山？”他迟疑了一会儿，让我上了车。 小拖车颠簸着，他燃着的烟头，红红的亮点忽明忽暗。 “你是马山人？”他问。 “不是，我在那儿见习。” 他有点失望：“我倒曾遇到过一个马山人呢，那真是个好人。” “你去过马山？”
浅析边城的人物形象 《边城》是沈从文先生最负盛名的代表作，其艺术魅力无疑是非常具有吸引力的，不管是在人物塑造、语言特色、还是结构布局等方面，《边城》这部小说都达到了登峰造极的高度，其独特的风格为京派小说的发展做出了重要的贡献。 在《边城》这部小说中，我尤为喜欢他塑造的一个个形形色色、活灵活现的人物形象，如翠翠的天真善良，温柔恬静，在情窦初开后就便矢志不渝地追求自己的爱情，老船工的憨厚老实、古朴，天宝的豁达大度，傩送的笃情和痴心，顺顺的爽朗和慷慨。这些人在沈从文先生的笔下栩栩如生地展现力出来，跃然纸上。 翠翠： “翠翠在风日里长养着，把皮肤变得黑黑的，触目为青山绿水，一对眸子清明如水晶，自然既长养她且教育她，为人天真活波，处处俨然如一只小兽物、、、、”这是翠翠在文章中出场的场景，从她的生长环境——自然，给我们塑造了一个未经世事的、完全生养在一个纯粹的世界里，那里没有斗争和黑暗，有的只是人性中至善至美的心灵港湾。使翠翠这一形象得到最真切的体现。 同时翠翠也是一个内心孤寂的小姑娘，遇到爱情却不能跟爷爷倾诉，她对傩送一见钟情，却害于女儿家的羞涩使这场恋爱成为悲剧，但她也是一个性格坚毅、刚强的女子，对傩送一见钟情后便矢志不渝地追求，面对天宝的“车路”，翠翠不为所动，虽然文章总体表达地很含蓄但却无比坚定。在天宝因翠翠的拒绝而出走，却死在水里时，傩送因愧疚而离家闯荡，翠翠依然等他回来娶她，即使她知道他或许永远不会回来了。其实我个人觉得翠翠是一个命运的自主者，虽然自主最后的结果也没有那么美好，知道自己要什么并且努力去争取。 傩送： 傩送是一个勇敢，心地善良，敢于追求，蔑视权贵。他对翠翠一见钟情，在面对哥哥也喜欢翠翠时，他没有选择退缩与忍让，哥哥走“车路”，他则走“水路”并且赢得了翠翠的心，在面对是选择碾坊还是渡船时，他毅然放弃了可以给他带来巨大利益的碾坊。哥哥死后，他因愧疚而外出闯荡。 天宝： 他是一个直爽、义气、有责任感的大哥，他爱上了翠翠，便让人去做媒。在得知弟弟也爱翠翠时，他因自己先走“车路”，在公平竞争的“水路”时坚决让弟弟先唱，在得知翠翠也爱上弟弟时，为亲情和爱情远走他乡，最后孤独地死在了异乡。