第六章：It’s…that/who强调句及it的其他用法
强调句的形式比较简单，无非就是将要强调的部分用It’s…that/who 夹起来，但是如果和其他的句式想结合就不那么简单了。这也是高考青睐强调句的原因所在。
第一节：基本结构
It’s …that/who 是英语中用语法手段对句中除谓语以外的某一成分进行强调的一种方法。它的形式比较简单，只要把要强调的部分夹在It’s…that/who中间，其他部分照抄跟在后面。
1.强调主语。
I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
2.强调宾语。
I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
3.强调地点状语。
I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
4. 强调时间状语。
I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5.强调各种从句。
He went to the factory at once because he had a lot of work to do.
It was because he had a lot of work to do that he went to the factory at one.(原因状语)
6．强调不定式。
I often keep the windows wide open to let the fresh air in.
It is to let the fresh air in that I often keep the windows wide open.
…
第二节：应该注意的问题
用It’s…that/who结构对句子进行强调时应该注意一下几个问题：
1.这种结构只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。其他的时态很
少用这种句式进行强调。
It has been four years _____ I gave up smoking.
A.that.
B. since.
分析：遇到这种高考题，我们就毫不考虑的选B. since.
2. 在强调主语时，that 后的谓语动词要与被强调者保持人称和数的一致。如：
It is I who am a teacher.
3. 即使被强调的主语是复数，主句中的谓语动词也用单数。换句话说：强调句中不可能出现am, are, were。如：
It is they who often help me with my lessons.
4.强调句和it作形式主语的区别。
强调句中的It’s, that/who在句中只是一种语法手段，没有任何意义，如果去掉不会对句子的意思产生影响，或不会影响句子的完整性。但是，it作形式主语的结构如果去掉句子就不完整。因为that引导主语从句时不能省略，而且is/was在句子中充当谓语（系动词）。
It is a good idea that we eat out.
分析：如果去掉it is 和that, We eat out said. 很明显时个不完整的句子。
5.强调时间状语的强调句和时间状语从句的区别。
时间状语从句中主句和从句都是完整的句子，it指代时间，如果把其中的it, is/was和when去掉，句子将不完整；而强调句则完整。
It was 12:00 we went home.
A. that
B. when.
分析：如果去掉it was和横线，We went home 12:00。很明显这是个错误的句子，缺少介词at. 真确的句子因该是：
We went home at 12：00.
6.强调句和as引导的定语从句的区别。
这两种句型的区别比较简单，在定语从句一章有详细讲解，此处不再赘述。
总之，区别强调句和其他句式最有效的方法是：去掉it, is/was, that/who 或横线后看句子是否完整。如果完整肯定是强调句，不然为其他句式。
7.强调句的反义问句。
强调句的反义问句比较简单，只要将它看成it is/was…的句子就可以了。
It is…that…, isn’t it?
It is not…that…, is it?
It was…that…, wasn’t it?
It was not … that…, was it?
第三节：高考常见题型
1.强调句的一般形式。
虽然这是最简单的形式，但由于其在英语表达中占有很重要的位置，因此在高考中常常出现。
It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.
(2008 全国II 20)
A. that
B. how
C. which
D. when
分析：去掉it was 和横线：Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith in New Zealand. 句子完整。所以A. that。
2.强调句的一般疑问句。
强调句虽然简单，但是换成一般疑问句后学生往往无从下手。
Was __________ that I saw last night at the concert? (1997上海卷)
A. it you
B. not you
C. you
D. that yourself
分析：方法还是一样：去掉句中的it, was, that再看句子是否完整。如果完整，就是强调句。不完整在从其他的角度分析。I saw you last night at the center. 非常完整。所以A. it you 。
3.强调句的特殊问句。
可以说这是近年高考最受青睐的题型。它的特点是使用广泛、灵活多变、但有一定的难度，对于高考这类选拔型考试特别适合。它可以以单独的形式出现，也可以与其他的从句形式相配合。下面我们就来看看这种结构。
（2）单独的特殊疑问句。
格式：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
如：When was it that you were born?
Why! I have nothing to confess. __________you want me to say? (2004上海卷)
A. What is it that
B. What it is that
C. How is it that
D. How it is that
分析：这是典型的强调句特殊疑问句。根据句意A. What is it that 。（2）充当名词性从句的强调句特殊问句。
由于这种句型在句子中做了名词性从句，那么话句话说就是陈述语序的特殊问句。
格式：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ it is/ was + + that/ who + 其它部分。
When asked to explain ______ made his lessons so exciting, the teacher kept silent.
A. what it is that
B. that what it is
C. what is it that
D. that what is it
分析：这道题是强调句用作宾语从句。根据题意A. what it is that。
4.It is/was not A but B that…
这是带有选择性的强调句。当然也可以出现其他的连词，如rather than….有时也可以出现几种变形形式：
a.It’s A that…not B.
b.It’s not A but B that…
c.It’s A rather than B that …
d.It’s A that…rather than B.
It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance.
[2007 重庆卷]
A. which
B. it
C. that
D. this
分析：典型的选择式强调句。所以C. that。
5.not…until的强调。
可以说这是高考中出现频率最高的强调句类型。这种强调句比较特殊，在强调not … unti l 结构中由until 短语（或从句）表示的时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：It is(was) not until ...that... 注意此时原句的not…until要变成not until ，that 从句中的谓语动词要用肯定式。如：
a. My father didn't come home until 12 o'clock last night.
b. It was not until 12 o'clock last night that my father came home.
c. I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
d. It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
It _____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ____ I found we had a lot in common. [2007 浙江卷]
A. was until; when
B. was until; that
C. wasn’t until; when
D. wasn’t until; that
分析：标准句型，所以D. wasn’t until; that。
第四节：it的其他用法
1. it可用作人称代词、指示代词、先行词及引导词等。
（1）人称代词it，是第三人称单数中性，代表前文已提到过的一件事物。如：
a. That vase is valuable. It’s more than 200 years old.
b. I love swimming. It keeps me fit.
当说话者不清楚或无必要知道说话对象的性别时，也可用it来表示。
c. It’s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl?
it可用来指代团体。如：
d. The committee has met and it has rejected the proposal.
it用以代替指示代词this, that.如：
e. --- What’s this? --- It’s a pen.
(2) 指示代词it，常用以指人。如：
a. Go and see who it is.
b. --- Who is making such a noise?
--- It must be the children.
(3) 虚义it无指代性，常用作没有具体意义的主语，出现于表示天气、气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等意义的句子中。如：
a. It is half past three now.
b. It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here.
c. It was very cold; it snowed and grew dark.
(4)it也常用来表示一般的笼统的情况。如：
a. It’s awful—I’ve got so much work I don’t know where to sta rt. 糟透了——我有这么多工作要做我不知从何开始。
b. How is it going with you? 你近况如何？
c. Take it easy. 不要紧张。
d. I like it her
e. 我喜欢这个地方。
e. It looks as if the college is very small.
f. It seems as though our plan will be perfect.
g. It’s my turn. 该轮到我了。
(5) it也常用于某些习惯用语中作宾语，各该习惯用语有具体意义，但it并无具体意义。如：
cab it 乘车
catch it 受责，受罚
come it 尽自己分内
come it strong 做得过分
walk it 步行
make it 办成
take it out of somebody 拿某人出气
have it in sb. 某人有能力。
2. it用作形式主语。
it充当形式主语，只起一种先行引导的作用，为了让句子平衡，真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、V-ing分词结构或名词性从句。
a. It is difficult to translate this article.
b. It is getting harder every day for a lazy man to get a living.
c. What time would it be most convenient for me to call again? 什么时候我再给你打电话最合适？
d. It is no use going there so early.
e. It has been a great honor your coming to visit me.
f. It is strange that he did not come at all.
g. It doesn’t matter what you do.
h. It seems that John is not coming after all.
i. It happened that John was the only witness.
3. it用作形式宾语.
It作形式宾语时，通常和下列动词连用：consider, think, make, find, believe, count, declare, deem, fancy, feel, guess, imagine, judge, pr ove, see, show, suppose, understand, take等。
它的一般结构为：V+it+adj/n+不定式/V-ing/名词从句。当然有时可以
插入其他的成分，如逻辑主语、间接宾语等等。
a. I found it difficult to explain to him what happened. 我觉得向他解释清发生了什么事很困难。
b. He thought it no use going over the subject again. 他认为再讨论这个问题没有用了。
c. They kept it quiet that he was dea
d. 他们对他的死保密。
d. We must make it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution. 我们必须使公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。
4. 一种特殊的it用法, (would)appreciate/hate/like/prefer/help…+ it +when/if从句。
我们先看看下面的句子：
a.I would appreciate it if you paid in cash.
b.I hate it when people cry.
c.I like it when you do that.
d.I would prefer it if you didn’t tell anyon
e.
e.I couldn’t help it if the bus was late.
说它特殊，也不是很特殊。对于上面句子中的it有人认为是一种特殊的形式宾语，既然是形式宾语那么真正的宾语在哪里？本人觉得有点欠妥。笔者认为it指代句中提到的一种情况。
分析：
a.如果付现金我非常感激。it在这里指代付现金后出现的情况。
b.我讨厌人哭。it在这里指代人哭泣是的情形。
c.我就喜欢你那样做。it指代干那件事时的情形。
d.我希望你不要告诉任何人。it指代不告诉别人后的情形。
e.公共汽车晚点了，我也没办法。it指代汽车晚点。
注意：这种结构中有时会出现虚拟，至于何时虚拟，要看说话人要表达的意思。说具体一点，如果出现would就要用虚拟。
第五节：实战演练
1. It wasn't until nearly a month later _____ I received the manager's reply. (2005/全国I/30)
A. since
B. when
C. as
D. that
2. The chairman thought _____ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. (2005/全国I/35)
A. that
B. it
C. this
D. him
3. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _____ didn't help. (2005/全国III/13)
A. it
B. she
C. which
D. he
4. It is what you do rather than what you say ______ matters.
(2005/天津/9)
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. this
5. ____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. (2005/上海/38)
A. What is required
B. What requires
C. It is required
D. It requires
6. — _____ that he managed to get the information?
— Oh, a friend of his helped him. (2005/山东/31)
A. Where was it
B. What was it
C. How was it
D. Why was it
7. I like ______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004/ 全国/I/27)
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. one
8. — Do you like ______ here?
— Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. (2004/全国/II/32)
A. this
B. these
C. that
D. it
9. The Foreign Minister said, “______ our hope that the two sid es will
work towards peace.” (2004/北京/24)
A. This is
B. There is
C. That is
D. It is
10. Why! I have nothing to confess. ______ you want me to say? (2004/上海/43)
A. What is it that
B. What it is that
C. How is it that
D. How it is that
11. It was with great joy _____ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (2004/福建/35)
A. because
B. which
C. since
D. that
12. It was ______ back home after the experiment. (2004/湖北/24)
A. not until midnight did he go
B. until midnight that he didn't go
C. not until midnight that he went
D. until midnight when he didn't go
13. The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move in. (NMET/2001/25)
A. they
B. it
C. one
D. which
14. In fact ______ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (NMET/Shanghai/2001/33)
A. this
B. that
C. there
D. it
15. It was for this reason ______ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. (NMET/Shanghai/2001/spr/32)
A. which
B. why
C. that
D. how
16. — He was nearly drowned once. When was ______?
—______ was in 1998 when he was in middle school. (NMET/Beijing-Neimeng-Anhui/2002/spr/30)
A. that; It
B. this; This
C. this; It
D. that; This
17. It was because of bad weather _____ the football match had to be put off. (NMET/Shanghai/2003/spr./30)
A. so
B. so that
C. why
D. that
18. It is these poisonous products ______ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. (NMET/Shanghai/2003/36)
A. who
B. that
C. how
D. what
19. It was only with the help of the local guide _______. (NMET/Shanghai/2004/spr./37)
A. was the mountain climber rescued
B. that the mountain climber was rescued
C. when the mountain climber was rescued
D. then the mountain climber was rescued
20. There is a photo on the wall. ______ the photo of Lei Feng.
(1980/三/8)
A. It
B. Its
C. It's
D. He is.
21. Does ______ matter if he can't finish the job on time? (MET/1991/14)
A. this
B. that
C. he
D. it
22. Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ______ didn't help. (MET/1993/27)
A. he
B. which
C. she
D. it
23. Is ______ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? (MET/1988/28)
A. now
B. man
C. that
D. it
24. Is ______ necessary to complete the design before National Day? (MET/1989/29)
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. he
25. It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning grey. (MET/1992/35)
A. while
B. that
C. if
D. for
26. I don't think ______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. (MET/1990/21)
A. this
B. that
C. its
D. it
27. ______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET/1995/37)
A. There
B. This
C. That
D. It
28. It was not ______ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star. (MET/1992/30)
A. when; that
B. until; that
C. until; when
D. when; than
29. It was at the gate ______ he told me the news. (1980/三/20)
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. when
30. It was not until 1920 _______ regular radio broadcasts began. (NMET/1995/33)
A. while
B. which
C. that
D. since
31. Was it during the Second World War ______ he died? (MET/1988/32)
A. that
B. while
C. in while
D. then
32. It was in the bookstore ______ I met your brother the other day. (NMET/上海/1990/32)
A. where
B. that
C. in which
D. in that
33. Was ______ that I saw last night at the concert?
(NMET/上海/1995/13)
A. it you
B. not you
C. you
D. that yourself
34. It was about 600 years ago ______ the clock with a face and an hour hand was made. (NMET/1997/25)
A. that
B. until
C. before
D. when
35. — Wasn't it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?
— ______. (NMET/上海/1996/28)
A. I didn't know he was
B. Yes, it was
C. No, he wasn't
D. Yes, he did
36. I hate ______ when people talk with their mouths full. (NMET/1998/8)
A. it
B. that
C. these
D. them
37. It was only when I reread his poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty. (NMET/1998/22)
A. until
B. that
C. then
D. so
38. ____ was in 1979 _____ I graduated from the University.
(NMET/上海/1998/4)
A. That...that
B. It...that
C. That...when
D. It...when
39. Don't _____ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be more successful. (NMET/上海/1998/23) A. take as granted B. take this for granted
C. take that for granted
D. take it for granted
40. It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me. (NMET/上海/1999/5)
A. what...that
B. that...that
C. what...what
D. that...what
41. It was not until she got home ____ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. (2006/全国II/9)
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. before
42. It was after he got what he had desired ____ he realized it was not so important. (2006/辽宁/35)
A. that
B. when
C. since
D. as
43. I just wonder ____ that makes him so excited. (2006/山东/32)
A. why it does
B. what he does
C. how it is
D. what it is
44. ____ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. (2006/浙江/4)
A. As
B. That
C. This
D. It
45. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made ____ her duty to look after all the other people's affairs in that town. (2006/湖南/26)
A. this
B. that
C. one
D. it
46. If I can help _____, I don't like working late into the night.
(2006/全国I/26)
A. so
B. that
C. it
D. them
47. Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed ___ to ____ and then posted it at the nearby post office. (2006/安徽/34)
A. it; her
B. it; herself
C. herself; her
D. herself; herself
48. I'd appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (2006/山东/24)
A. that
B. it
C. this
D. you
49. It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. （2008天津卷）
A. how
B. which
C. that
D. where
50. It was not until midnight __ they reached the camp site. （2008重庆卷）
A .that B. when C. while D. as
答案与分析：
1. not…until 强调句，所以D. that
2. it作形式宾语，所以B. it。
3. it指代上文take a holiday, 所以A. it。
4. 带有选择性的强调句，所以A. that。
5. it作形式主语，所以C. It is required。
6. 强调句的特殊问句，根据句意C. How was it。
7. I like/appreciate/prefer it +疑问词，所以C. it。
8. it指代这里的情况。所以D. it。
9. it作形式主语，所以D. It is。
10. 强调句的特殊问句，根据句意A. What is it that。
11. 强调句，所以 D. that。
12. not…until强调句，所以C. not until midnight that he went 。
13. it指代上文a new house, 所以 B. it。
14. it作形式主语，所以 D. it。
15. 强调句，所以 C. that。
16. that指代上文提到的事情，第二个为强调句，所以A. that; It.
18. 强调句，所以B. that。
19. 强调句，所以B. that the mountain climber was rescued。
20. it指代上文a photo, 所以C. It's。
21. it作形式主语，所以 D. it 。
22. it指代上文 Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder，所以D. it。
23. it作形式主语，所以 C. it。
24. it作形式主语，所以 C. it 。
25. it作形式主语，所以 B. that。
26. 形式宾语，所以 D. it。
27. 形式主语，所以 D. It。
28. not…until强调句，所以B. until; that。
29. 强调句，所以 A. that。
30. not…until强调句，所以C. that。
31. 强调句，所以A. that。
32. 强调句，所以 B. that。
33. 强调句一般问句，所以A. it you。
34. 强调句，所以A. that。
35. 强调句的反义问句，所以 B. Yes, it was。
36. it的特殊指代，所以A. it。
37. 强调句，所以B. that。
38. 强调句，所以B. It...that .
39. 形式宾语，所以D. take it for granted。
40. 强调句，强调主语从句，所以A. what...that。
41. not…until 强调句，所以B. that。
42. 强调句，所以A. that。
43. 强调句作宾语从句，所以D. what it is。
44. 形式主语，所以D. It 。
46. it指代工作到深夜这件事，如果我能避免工作到深夜，我也不愿意工作到深夜（直译）。我讨厌工作到深夜，可又有什么办法呢！（意译）。所以 D. it。类似的句子还有：It can’t be helped, I can’t help it…(如果有办法，我也没办法)。
47. it指代那封信，address it to herself, 写上自己的地址邮回去，所以
B. it; herself。
48. it的特殊指代，所以 B. it。
49. 强调句，所以C. that。
50. not…until 强调句，所以A .that。
第六章：温馨提示、
it用法难度不是很大，高考中重点就是强调句和it的特殊指代。去掉it is/was, that/who/横线部分后如果句子完整，就是强调句。对于it的特殊指代我们最好将它作为一种特例来理解，没必要追求其中的道理。
小学六年级上册英语语法 What 事件when 事件where地点who谁why为什么how怎样 wh疑问词和陈述句是降调。E--a连at前后都连读。 单数is复数are，is跟着他她它。 一般情况下加ing：do-doing sing-singing study-studying comfort-comforting 以不发音的e、ue结尾的动词去e加ing：dance-dancing like-liking write-writing make-making take-taking 以重读闭音节尾的动词且末尾只有一个辅音字母。最后一个字母不是x的动词应双写最后的字母，再加ing：run-running cut-cutting swim-swimming 以ue结尾的动词应变ie为y加ing:die-dying lie-lying 以ic结尾的动词应加king：picnic-picnicing traffic-trafficing 人称变化 人称代词
而名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相单于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如： Is this your book? No,，it isn’t，it’s hers(her book)
Jim’s ，Tom’s，Maria’s 代词练习 一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3. （He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7. （I/ My）am Ben. 8. （She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank （your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his） 二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) fath er’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher.
小学英语语法知识点专项练习 一、名词复数规则 写出下列各词的复数 I_________ him_________ this ________ her ______ watch _______ child_______ photo _______ diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry_____thief_______ peach______ sandwich______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice_______ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________ 二、一般现在时用法专练: 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry_________ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly __________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______ drink________ start_______ 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20. －What day _______(be) it today? －It’s Saturday. 改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? ________________________ 2. Does he likes going fishing? ________________________
小学六年级英语语法 一、基数词，序数词 序数词前一定要加“the”,序数词一般用于：①日期【the 号（序数词）of 月】②【第几…】③【名次】 二、动词 1. be动词（am/is/are） 主语be动词（原形）be动词（过去式） I am was He/she/it is was We/you/they are were 2.助动词（do/does/did） 问句答句 Do+非第三人称单数 ＋动词原形…? …do/don’t Does+第三人称单数 …does/doesn’t Did+所有主格 …did/didn’t 问句答句 What do you/they/we… +动词原形？ I/They/We+动词原形…。 What does he/she/it… He/She/It +(动词＋S)…. What did you/they/we/ he/she/it… I/They/We/ He/She/It +动词过去式。
3.情态动词（can,must,could,would,may,shall,would） 情态动词后面都跟动词原形 三、介词 ①in+月、年the morning/afternoon/evening/a week 表示时间②on+具体某一天（几月几日）/某个假期（…Day） ③at+具体某点时间、某个假期（…Festival）/the weekend ①in…street 表示方位②on…road/left/right ③at the…crossing/stop/某个具体的地点 ①in the tree(不是树上长出来的) ②on the tree(树上原来自己长出来的) 表示时间：①ago(……以前) la ter(……以后) ②before (在……以前) after(在……以后) 一、名词 1. 不可数名词:bread,juice,tea,coffee,water,chocolate,rice,paper(不可数名词相对应的be动词永远都是is/was) 2、名词复数规则 （1）．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds (2)．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches (3)．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries (4)．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
苏教版六年级科学上册期末复习资料 第一单元显微镜下的世界 一、1、微生物是一类非常微小的生命体。分布极广，空气中、水中、泥土里、动植物体内和体表都有。细菌、霉、病毒，要用显微镜才能看清楚，是不同种类的（微生物）。 2、第一个揭开微生物秘密的是荷兰生物学家（列文虎克）。 3、绝大多的微生物只有在（显微镜)下才能看到。 4、自制酸奶要放入冰箱冷藏，但不能存放太久。吃变质的酸奶会引起腹泻、消化不良，甚至中毒！ 5、在适宜的温度下，（乳酸菌）会使牛奶发酵变成酸奶。 6、细菌体极微小，有三种基本形态：球菌、杆菌、螺旋菌。 7、细菌也要“吃”食物。有的利用阳光自己制造食物，有的从动植物身上吸收养料。如，牙齿表面的细菌靠食物的残渣生活。 8、细菌繁殖很快，一个细菌在数小时内可以繁殖出几百万甚至上亿个后代。 9、细菌的功：（生产腐殖质）、（生产食物）、（生产药品和生物塑料）、（净化环境）、（生产然料）等。细菌的过：（会致病）。 10、危害人类健康的病毒和细菌叫做（病菌）。许多传染病是由（病菌）引起的。 11、减少致病细菌的传播：（捂住鼻子打喷嚏）、（用热水冲洗筷子）、(勤用肥皂洗手）。 12、物体在（温暖）和（潮湿）的环境条件下，容易发霉。 13、青霉菌分泌出的某种物质能杀死细菌，这种物质叫做（青霉素）。 青霉菌是英国细菌学家（弗莱明）发现的。 14、霉的功：人类利用霉菌（制酱）、（做腐乳）、（生产农药）、（发酵饲料）等。 霉的过：霉菌会（造成食物或其他物品变质）；（危害人的健康，引起动植物病变。15、（细胞）是构成生物体的基本单位。大多数细胞都是非常小的，要借助显微镜才能看清，但个别细胞却很大，如鸡蛋中的蛋黄。 16、最初发现细胞的是英国物理学家和天文学家（胡克）。 17、生物体的生长发育过程，就是细胞的生长发育过程；生物体的衰老、死亡，也是由细胞的衰老、死亡造成的。 二、1、使用显微镜里要注意什么？ 答：（1）反光镜不能直接对着太阳，否则会伤害眼睛。 （2）使用时要小心，镜头不要碰着玻片。 （3）不能用手触摸目镜和物镜。 2、怎样防止食物和物品发霉？ 答：（1）真空包装；（2）放干燥剂；(3）低温保存；（4）太阳曝晒。 3、伤口化脓是怎么回事？ 答：当人体遇到病菌入侵时，白细胞便会与病菌展开激战。在消灭这些入侵者时，白细胞也会有很大的伤亡。“脓”就是死亡的白细胞和病菌的尸体。 4、请你设计如何自制酸奶？ 答：材料：牛奶、玻璃瓶、酸奶、小勺、杯子、温度计、锅、高压锅等。 步骤：（1）在鲜牛奶里加入1至2勺白糖，煮开几分钟。 （2）待牛奶冷却到35至40摄氏度，加入两勺酸奶，仔细搅匀。 （3）再倒进消毒过的保温容器里，盖上盖子。 （4）保温5至6个小时后，酸奶就做成了。 现象：牛奶变成了粘稠的酸奶。
现在进行时 （unit1&unit5） 一．意义——当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。 二．:be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式 肯定句：主语+ be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他) eg: The children are playing in the park . 否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. eg:The children are not playing in the park. 一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他? eg:Are the children playing in the park? Yes, they are. /No , they are not. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他? eg:What are they doing now? 三. 现在分词的构成： (1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing, 如：play→playing sleep→sleeping look→looking throw→throwing bark→barking listen→listening climb→climbing cry→crying call→calling wash→washing eat→eating brush→brushing drink→drinking comb→combing clean→cleaning go→going do→doing rain→raining talk→talking grow→growing open→opening sing→singing eat→eating walk→walking (2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing， 如：bite→biting write → writing have → having dance→dancing (3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如：sitting running swimming shopping 四.时间标志——now，句前的look ,listen
小学英语语法讲解及习题——时态篇: (一)一般现在时基本用法介绍与练习 一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。 【注意】当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时的变化 1.be动词的变化。 否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 3.动词+s的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks 2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies 一般现在时用法专练: 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink________go________stay________make________look________have________ pass________carry________come________watch________plant________fly________ study________brush________do________teach________ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1.He often________(have)dinner at home. 2.Daniel and Tommy_______(be)in Class One. 3.We_______(not watch)TV on Monday. 4.Nick_______(not go)to the zoo on Sunday. 5.______they________(like)the World Cup? 6.What_______they often_______(do)on Saturdays? 7._______your parents_______(read)newspapers every day? 8.The girl_______(teach)us English on Sundays. 9.She and I________(take)a walk together every evening. 10.There________(be)some water in the bottle. 11.Mike_______(like)cooking. 12.They_______(have)the same hobby. 13.My aunt_______(look)after her baby carefully. 14.You always_______(do)your homework well.
1现在进行时 表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作，常与now,listen,look等词连用，结构是主语+be 动词(am, is, are)+动词ing. 如：It is raining now. 外面正在下雨 It is six o’clock now. 现在6点了 My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room. 我父母正在客厅看报纸 Look! The children are having a running race now. 看！孩子们正在赛跑 问句将be动词移前，否定句在be动词后+not. 2一般现在时 表示经常反复发生的事情或动作，常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) on Sundays等词连用。 结构是主语+动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy 等词时，动词后加s或es. 如：We have an English lesson every day. 我们每天都要上英语课 Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do. 男孩比女孩跑的快吗？是的 问句借助于do, does否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t，后面动词一定要还原。 3一般过去时 表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。结构是主语+be动词的过去式（was; were）或主语+动词的过去式。 注意：be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。
苏教版六年级上册科学实验 (一)探究的问题：在哪些条件下馒头容易发霉 材料：干湿馒头、塑料袋。方法： 苏教版六年级上册科学实验 材料：地球仪、纸做的小船、火柴梗等。 步骤：（1）用纸做的一只小船,插一根火柴梗作为桅杆。 （2）让船在地球仪上模拟航行。 （3）观察船进港,有什么发现？ 我的发现：先看见进港船只的桅杆,再逐渐看见船身； 出港的船只,则总是船身先消失,然后桅杆才逐渐隐没在海平面下。 结论：地球是球形。 （三）实验名称：火山喷发的模拟实验 材料：铁盒、土豆泥、番茄酱、铁架台、酒精灯等。 步骤：（1）在铁盒子里放一些土豆泥,做成山的形状,并在土豆泥中间挖一个小洞。（2）往洞里倒入一定量的番茄酱,用薄薄的一层土豆泥封住洞口。 （3）将铁盒子放到铁架台上,用酒精灯加热,观察受热后番茄酱的外溢现象。 现象：先看到冒出大量水汽和烟尘,然后看到番茄酱向外溢出。
结论：这个实验说明,火山是由于地下熔化的岩浆沿着地壳的薄弱地带喷发而形成的。 （四）实验名称：地震的模拟实验 材料：毛巾、细干木棍等。 步骤：（1）把桌上的毛巾叠成几层,平放在桌上,两手按住毛巾的两头,向中间挤压,观察毛巾会发生什么变化？ （2）用手握住木棍两端,用力将它压弯、直至压断。注意当木棍被压断时,你听到什么声音？手有什么感觉？ 现象：毛巾会发生弯曲,成了褶皱状；木棍被压断时,听到“啪”的声响,同时手有强烈的震颤感。 结论：地壳的岩层在相互挤压时会发生褶皱,褶皱突然断裂时大地剧烈震动,释放出巨大的能量,造成严重破坏,这就是地震。 （五）探究问题：冷暖变化对岩石的破坏作用 材料：酒精灯、容器、水、小石块、镊子、火柴。 方法：用镊子夹住一小片石头,在酒精灯火焰上烧一会儿,然后迅速放入冷水中；接着再烧,再浸入冷水中。反复几次,观察石头的变化。 现象：反复几次后,小石块碎裂。 结论：冷暖变化对岩石有破坏作用。 （六）探究的问题：流水的搬运作用 材料：木条、沙子、泥土、沙盘、胶带、塑料杯、小水盆。 方法：1.用本条将沙子和泥土的混合物推至沙盘的一侧。2.将混合物抹平,保证混合物各处的厚度相同。3.将木尺横放在沙盘上,固定住,把底部有孔的水杯架在沙盘和木尺之间。4.沙盘伸出桌外的一端底部有孔,地上放一水盆接水。5.往水杯中加水,观察现象。 现象：沙子和泥土不断被水流带走。 结论：流水有搬运作用。 （七）实验名称：蜡烛变化的实验。 材料：蜡烛、烧杯、澄清的石灰水、三脚架、酒精灯、燃烧皿（白瓷）、石棉网等。 步骤：（1）取一只干燥的烧杯,罩在火焰上方。 （2）将另一只内壁涂有澄清石灰水的烧杯,重新罩在火焰上方。 （3）将一只白瓷的燃烧皿盖在蜡烛火焰上方,过一会儿取下白瓷燃烧皿,观察它的底部。
小学六年级上册英语语法 What 事件 when 事件 where地点 who谁 why为什么 how怎样 wh疑问词和陈述句是降调。E--a连 at前后都连读。 单数is复数are，is跟着他她它。 一般情况下加ing：do-doing sing-singing study-studying comfort-comforting 以不发音的e、ue结尾的动词去e加ing：dance-dancing like- liking write-writing make-making take-taking 以重读闭音节尾的动词且末尾只有一个辅音字母。最后一个字母不是x的动词应双写最后的字母，再加ing：run-running cut-cutting swim-swimming 以ue结尾的动词应变ie为y加ing:die-dying lie-lying 以ic结尾的动词应加king：picnic-picnicing traffic-trafficing 人称变化 人称代词
二、物主代词 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词 而名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相单于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如： Is this your book? No,，it isn’t，it’s hers(her book)
Jim’s ，Tom’s，Maria’s 代词练习 一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my√ / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your√ / you）. 3. （He / His√）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me√ / my / I）. 6. Are（your√ / you）Miss Li? 7. （I√/ My）am Ben. 8. （She √/ Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank （your / you√）. 10. How old is （he / his√） 二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。 1. These are __his____ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is ___her____( she ) sister. 3. Lily is ___luly’s____ ( Lucy ) sister.
小学生语法专项练习题 名词练习 一.写出下列单数名词的复数形式 1.orange_______________ 2.box__________ 3.woman____________ 4.tomato________ 5.bus_______ 6.boy________ 7.baby _______ 8.watch_______ 9.photo________ 10.class_______ 11.foot________12.house________13.pen_______ 14.car________ 15.horse________ 16.radio_______ 17.dish________18.child________ 答案：1 oranges 2. Boxes 3. women 4. tomatoes 5.buses 6. boys 7babies 8.watches 9. Photos 10 classes 11. feet 12 houses 13 pens 14 cars 15 horses 16. radios 17 dishes 18 children 二.将下列单词的复数形式改成单数形式 1.doctors_________ 2.cities_______ 3.pianos__________ 4..ears________ 5.churches_______ 6.leaves_________ 7.teeth________ 8.zoos____ 9.brushes ________ 10.knives__________11.men _________12.pears _________ 答案1. doctor 2 city 3 piano 4. ear 5. church 6. leaf 7 tooth 8zoo 9brush 10 knife 11.man 12 pear 三.请从括号里选出正确的答案 1. Please give me__（two /two cups of ）coffee. 2. There are a lot of___(sheep /sheeps ) on the farm. 3. I’d like some__ (bread / breads ) and___ (potato /potatoes). 4. Look! There is a ___(mouse /mice) in the corner. 5. He bought_____(a piece of /a piece ) paper. 6. “Where is___ (Woman’s / Women’s) Room?” asked Susan. 7. ____ (The girl’s/The girls’ ) hobby is drawing. 8. Aunt Lucy sent_____ (a child’s /a children’s ) book to me. 红色为答案 冠词练习
1. 概念---能用yes / no(或相当于yes / no)回答的问句叫一般疑问句。 2. 含系动词be的一般疑问句的构成 具体地说，就是当陈述句中有am /is / are时，可直接将它们提至主语前，但如遇第一人称，最好将其置换成第二人称。如： I'm in Class 2, Grade 1. →Are you in Class 2, Grade 1? 你是在一年级二班吗？ 3. 含情态动词的一般疑问句的构成 一般疑问句面前人人平等：情态动词与am / is / are一样，也可直接将它们提至主语前，所以问题迎刃而解了。如： I can spell it. →Can you spell it? 你会拼写它吗？ 4. 含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成 含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成稍微有点讲究，要在句首加do；如逢主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词为一般现在时单数第三人称形式"v-(e)s"时，奉does为座上宾并要变回原形(如has→have，likes→like等)；有时陈述句中的some还要变作any等。如： She liv es in Beijing. →Does she live in Beijing? 她住在北京吗？ I like English. →Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗？ There are some books on my desk.→Are there any books on your desk? 5. 少数口语化的一般疑问句 如问一个与前文相同的问句时，可省略成"And you?"或"What / How about...?"等；甚至只抓关键词，读作升调。如：Your pen? 你的钢笔？ 6. 小插曲：一般疑问句的语调
苏教版科学六年级上册试题 第一单元显微镜下的世界 一、填空题 1、细菌、霉及病毒，要用显微镜才能看清楚，所以通常把它们称作（微生物）。 2、在适宜的温度（35℃～40℃）下，（乳酸菌）会使牛奶发酵变成酸奶。 3、青霉分泌出的某种物质能杀死细菌，这种物质叫（青霉素）。 4、物体在（温暖）和（潮湿）的环境条件下，容易发霉。 5、（细胞）是构成生物体的基本单位。 5、（荷兰）的（列文虎克）发现（微生物），（英国）的（弗莱明）发现（青霉素），（英国）的（胡克）发现（细胞）。 7、人的身体是由（皮肤）、（骨骼）、（肌肉）、（血液）和（脂肪）等组成。 8、细菌体积（微小），几万个细菌合在一起才有头发那么粗，它们有三种形态：（杆菌）、（球菌）、（螺旋菌）。 9、霉喜欢在（温暖、潮湿）的环境中生长，防止发霉的方法有：（真空包装）、（放干燥剂）、（低温保存）、（太阳曝晒）等。 10、服用抗生素，可以有效地治疗因（细菌）导致的疾病。 11、细菌、霉、病毒是不同种类的（微生物）。 12、细胞有不同的（形状）、（大小）和（功能）。 13、危害人类健康的病毒和细菌叫做（病菌）
14、许多传染病是由（病菌）引起的。 15、绝大多数的微生物只有在（显微镜）下才能看到。 二、判断题 1、在空气中、水中、地下、动植物和人体里，都有微生物。（√） 2、大多数细菌对人类是有害的。（×） 3、电冰箱能保鲜食物，主要是利用它产生较冷的环境，创造使食物不容易发霉的条件。（√） 4、服用抗生素，可以有效地治疗因病毒导致的疾病。（×） 5、生命体在都由细胞构成。（√） 6、注射疫苗是预防传染病的一种方法。（√） 7、大肠杆菌、变形虫、啤酒酵母菌都是微生物。（√） 8、病菌会通过各种途径侵入人体。（√） 9、在空气、土壤、动植物体内以及食物中都可以找到霉。（√） 11、电冰箱能保鲜食物，主要是利用它产生较冷的环境，创造使食物不容易发霉的条件。（√） 12、霉对人类都是有害的。（×） 13、生物体的生长发育过程就是细胞的生长发育过程。（√） 三、选择题 1、下面的细菌对人类有益的是（A）。
背诵下面语法知识 一、名词单数变复数的变化规则： 1.一般情况直接加s 2.以s，x, sh, ch结尾的加es 3.以o结尾的，表示“有生命”的事物加es potato-------potatoes 土豆tomato------tomatoes 西红柿 4.以o结尾的，表示“无生命”的事物加s zoo------zoos 动物园photo------photos 照片 5.以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es； 6..以f或fe结尾的名词，把f或fe变为v再加es. 7.特殊变化的复数： man------men 男人woman------women 女人child------children 孩子（们）mouse------mice 老鼠foot-------feet 脚tooth------teeth 牙齿 二、现在分词（动词ing）的变化规则 1、一般情况下直接加ing， 2、以一个不发音的e结尾的，先去e再加ing， take-----taking 拍（照）, make-----making 制造，制作 3、重读闭音节词，先双写最后一个字母再加ing， run------running 跑, swim------swimming, 游泳 skip-----skipping 跳绳 三、动词的第三人称单数的变化规则
1、一般情况直接加s, 2、以s, sh, ch, o 等字母结尾的加es， wash------washes 洗go------goes 去 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的,先把y改为i，再加es， 4、特殊变化：have-----has 有，吃 四、动词的过去式 1.一般情况直接加ed， 2.以不发音e结尾的只加d， 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i再加ed, 4.重读闭音节词，先双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed， 5.特殊变化 go---went is---was are---were have---had take---took eat---ate read---read cut---cut put---put do---did come---came feel----felt learn---learnt speak---spoke teach---taught say---said run---ran swim---swam stand---stood sing--- sang write---wrote can---could see---saw bring---brought 五、形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则 1. 一般情况下在词尾加er或est； 2. 以不发音字母e结尾的，只加r 或st； 3. 重读闭音节词，先双写最后一个字母，再加er或est； 4. 以辅音字母＋y结尾的，先把y改为i，再加er 或est；
一、 人 称代词 二、指示代词 三、疑问代词 疑问代词 用法说明 例句 who 常用于提问人的姓名、身份 Who ’s she? what 常用于问事物或某人的活动 What ’s your father? where 常用于问地点，意为“在哪里 Where do you live? whose 是who 的所有格形式 Whose bike is this? which 在一定范围内的特指人活物 Which do you like? 格式 人称 主格 所有格 宾格 我 I my me 我们 we our us 你 you your you 你们 you your you 他 he his him 她 she her her 他们 they their them 指示代词分类 单数 复数 近指 This(这个) These （这些） 远指 That （那个） Those （那些）
how 常用于问情况“怎么样How tall are you? how many 常用于问数量是“多少”How many books are here? how much 常用于问价钱是“多少”How much is this bed? How about 常用于问别人的感觉“好不好”How about going to school? how old 用于问年龄How old is your mother? 四、不定代词 代替或修饰可数名 词代替或修 饰不可数 名词 用法说明例句 some 一般用于肯定句I have some book any 一般用于否定句、疑问句I don’t have any book. Do you have any book? many much 用于修饰表示许多的可数 /不可数名词He has much money,but he doesn’t have many friend. 日期英文写法 周一Monday 周二Tuesday 周三Wednesday 周四Thursday 周五Friday 周六Saturday 周日Sunday 天day 周末weekend 教师节Teacher’s Day 元旦New Year 国庆节National Day
苏教版六年级上册科学 全 册 教 学 设 计
第一单元显微镜的下的世界 1课《水滴里的生物》教学设计 教学目标：知识与技能目标： 认识微生物是一类个体微小、大多是单细胞的生物； 知道微生物、动物、植物共同构成生命世界； 知道微生物分布广泛，种类繁多。 过程与方法： 能借助显微镜这种观察水滴里的微生物； 能够认真细致观察并描述水滴里的微生物； 能够用图表现出自己观察到的水滴里的几种常见微生物。 情感态度价值观： 意识到科学技术是不断发展的； 体验到探索生命奥秘的快乐与重要意义。 教学准备： 1、放大镜、显微镜、水样、玻片、抹布等、观察水样 2、技能准备：课前简单培训制作玻片标本的注意点 教学过程： 一、引导学生观察教师准备的水样 （1）学生观察水样 （2）学生汇报：观察烧杯里的水，你观察到水里有什么？这些结果你是用什么观察到的？ （3）讨论：这杯水里是是真的只有这些东西呢？还有没有可能有其它
的东西？ （4）谈话：怎么才能知道这杯水里有没有我们刚才说的细菌等这些东西? (引导学生明白要想观察极微小的、肉眼看不到的物体要借助工具——显微镜) 二、引导学生了解显微镜的基本构造和使用方法（各小组领取）（1）谈话：既然我们想借助显微镜来做进一步的观察，下面就先来了解显微镜的基本构造。 目镜（对着眼睛） 物镜（对着标本） 载物台（放置标本） 反光镜（反射光线、照亮标本） 调节螺旋（调节焦距、看清标本） 镜臂 通光孔 （2）教师讲解并示范使用方法。强调 ①反光镜不能直接对着太阳，否则会伤害眼睛； ②使用时要小心，镜头不要碰着玻片； ③不能用手触摸目镜和物镜。 ④轻拿轻放。
六年级英语上册语法 （unit1&unit5） 一．意义——当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事· 二．:be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式 肯定句：主语+ be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他) eg: The children are playing in the park . 否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. eg:The children are not playing in the park. 一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他? eg:Are the children playing in the park? Yes, they are. /No , they are not. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他? eg:What are they doing now? 三.现在分词的构成： (1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing, 如：play→playing sleep→sleeping look→looking throw→throwing bark→barking listen→listening climb→climbing cry→crying call→calling wash→washing eat→eating brush→brushing drink→→→cleaning go→going do→doing rain→raining talk→talking grow→growing open→opening sing→singing eat→eating walk→walking (2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词.先去掉e,再加ing. 如：bite→biting write → writing have → having dance→dancing (3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词.中间只有一个元音字母.词尾只有一个辅音字母.应双写末尾的辅
小学英语语法专项练习题含答案 (1) 名词练习 一.写出下列单数名词的复数形式 _______________ 二.将下列单词的复数形式改成单数形式 ___________________ _________________ 三.请从括号里选出正确的答案 1. Please give me__(two /two cups of )coffee. 2. There are a lot of___(sheep /sheeps ) on the farm. 3. I’d like some__ (bread / breads ) and___ (potato /potatoes). 4. Look! There is a ___(mouse /mice) in the corner. 5. He bought_____(a piece of /a piece ) paper. 6. “Where is___ (Woman’s / Women’s) Room?” asked Susan. 7. ____ (The girl’s/The girls’ ) h obby is drawing. 8. Aunt Lucy sent_____ (a child’s /a children’s ) book to me. 冠词练习 一.在空格内填上a或an elephant 12_________ honest boy book question dress 16______________________X-ray machine 17____________________ice cream 二.选择填空 tells her little daughter _____ old story every night. A. a B. / C. an D. the 2. ______computer on the table is Susan’s. A. A B. An C. The D. / is ______ map of the world on ______wall. ______map is mine. A. a, a, A B. a, the, The C. the, the, The D. the, the,