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英语国家概况

英语国家概况
英语国家概况

英语国家概况

Introduction to the English-Speaking Countries

一、基本信息

课程代码:2020129

课程学分:2

面向专业:英语

课程性质:专业基础必修课

课程类型:理论教学课

开课院系:外国语学院英语系

使用教材:主教材:《英语国家概况》(修订第二版),温洪瑞主编,首都经济贸易大学出版社,2011

参考教材:《英语国家概况学习手册》,王恩铭主编,上海外语教育出版社,2012

《英语国家概况》,谢福之著,外语教学与研究出版社,2007

《英语国家概况》,余志远主编,外语教学与研究出版社,2005

《英语国家社会与文化入门》,朱永涛、王立礼主编,高等教育出版社,2011

《英国历史重大事件及著名人物》(英汉对照),郝澎编著,海南出版社,2007

《美国历史重大事件及著名人物》(英汉对照),郝澎编著,海南出版社,2007 先修课程:《基础英语(1-3)》

二、课程简介

英语国家概况是一门专业知识性课程,其目的通过向英语专业的学生介绍一些主要英语国的地理、历史、政治、经济以及文化风俗等方面的内容,提高其对英语主要国家的社会和人文等方面的认识,培养学生的跨文化交际能力,同时也可以促进加强学生的语言学习。本课程的开设有助于拓宽学生的人文知识面和国际视野,全面提高学生的素质。同时本课程也为相当一部分英语专业的学生毕业后从事涉外工作或跨文化交际工作打下必要的理论基础。

三、选课建议

本课程为英语本科专业必修课,适合对二年级第二学期学生开设;要求学生具有较扎实的语言基本功(4000左右的英语词汇量、较好的英语阅读理解能力)。

四、课程基本要求

通过本课程的学习,学生应当对于世界主要英语国家在地理概况、气候特征、行政区划、历史由来、民族构成、社会变迁、政治制度、教育、宗教、文化等几个方面有初步的了解,并具备就相应主题用英语进行基本交流的语言能力。

五、课程内容

第一部分大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国(英国)

第一章理解国家名称;知道地理位置和面积、地形;知道河流和湖泊、海岸线、气候;知道自然资源。

第二章知道人口和人口密度、人口分布、民族和语言;理解宗教;理解英国人的保守态度、民族差异、多样化;

知道主要城市。

第三章理解英国经济的相对衰落;知道最近英国经济发展史;分析目前的英国经济。

第四章理解君主制;分析和评价议会;知道政府、地方政府。

第五章分析和评价政党政治;分析和评价大选;理解司法体制。

第六章知道最早的居民;知道罗马时期的不列颠;知道盎格鲁?撒克逊时期的不列颠;知道诺曼征服后的社会;

知道约翰王和《大宪章》;评价议会的诞生。

第七章理解封建制度的衰落;评价资产阶级革命。

第八章理解工业革命;评价宪章运动;知道经济学的发展。

第九章理解大英帝国的形成;知道第一次世界大战和战后的英国;知道第二次世界大战中的英国;理解大英帝国的倒台;知道两次世界大战后的英国;分析和评价中英关系。

第二部分美利坚合众国(美国)

第十章知道地理位置、面积和行政区;知道地理特征、河流、湖泊;知道气候;知道自然资源;知道主要城市。

第十一章理解“大熔炉”;知道人口与定居、语言、宗教;分析和评价美国社会。

第十二章理解垄断资本主义(帝国主义);知道工业;知道农业;知道交通;知道外贸;分析美国海外经济利益。

第十三章理解宪法、总统;知道行政部门和机构;知道国会、总统与国会;知道联邦法院体制。

第十四章知道州政府、地方政府;知道政党、评价总统选举。

第十五章知道美洲印第安人;知道新大陆的发现;知道北美的殖民活动;知道13块英国殖民地。

第十六章理解走向独立;理解为独立而战;评价制宪会议。

第十七章理解内战的背景;知道内战;评价内战的意义。

第十八章理解美帝国主义的形成;知道第一次世界大战和战后的美国;知道第二次世界大战中的美国;知道第二次世界大战后的美国;分析和评价中美关系。

第三部分加拿大

第十九章知道国家名称、面积与位置;知道人口与人口中心;知道地形区域、湖泊与河流;知道地理区域;知道气候;知道语言;知道主要城市。

第二十章知道欧洲人的发现、早期的殖民;知道英国统治时期的加拿大;知道自治政府与加拿大联盟;知道加

拿大民族。

第二十一章知道自然资源;知道农业、加工业;知道今日经济。

第二十二章理解政府体制;知道政党;理解魁北克省的独立问题。

第四部分澳大利亚

第二十三章知道位置与面积;知道行政区域;知道地理结构;知道气候;知道植物和动物;知道人口、人口密度与分布;知道宗教;知道澳大利亚的人造环境。

第二十四章理解澳大利亚走向联邦;知道殖民时期的澳大利亚;知道联邦后的澳大利亚。

第二十五章知道农业;知道加工业;知道矿产和能源工业;知道服务业;知道贸易;理解澳大利亚经济中的问题。

第二十六章知道宪法;知道议会;知道政党;知道司法体制。

第五部分新西兰

第二十七章知道国土;知道居民。

第二十八章经济总体介绍;知道基础工业;知道第二产业;知道第三产业。

第二十九章知道发现新西兰;知道新西兰的殖民进程;知道20世纪的新西兰。

第三十章知道新西兰宪法、议会和政府;知道司法体系和政党制度。

六、课内训练基本要求

在每部分课本内容讲解之前,要求学生分组查阅相关资料,做比较深入细致的探索分析,并借助幻灯片(提纲、图片等)用英语向全班作口头汇报。同时,要求学生完成课后练习,以备课内训练时教师提问。

七、教学进度

八、考核方式和成绩评定

考核方式:考查课。

成绩评定:平时成绩50%(包括出勤10%、课堂表现20%、口述20%);期末考查50%。撰写:裴由福系主任:吴远恒教学院长:孙文抗

英语国家概况的复习资料

英语国家概况考试题型如下: 1.选择题(30 X 1’) 2.填空题(20 X 1’) 3.简答(10 X 2’)--必须回答完整的句子 4.分析题(6 X 5’)-- 必须回答完整的句子 总分100 分 主要内容包括: 一.U.S. Geography 1.Full name of U.S.. 2.Number of States: 50 states. 3.After President Jefferson brought the Louisiana territory from France there was a desire for territorial expansion among many frontier men. 4.The U.S. has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. The fourth largest countries. 5.Taxas is the largest mainland state of the U.S.. Alaska is the largest state of the U.S.. 6.Hawaii is in the Pacific Ocean. 7.America’s movies are mostly made in Hollywood near the city of Los Angeles in south California. 二.U.S. People 1.The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is the Blacks (Afriican-Americans). 2.The “first Americans” were the Indians. 3.The Asian-Americans are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United States. 4.The first permanent settlement in North America was established in today’s V erginia in the year of 1607. 5.The “Three Faiths” in the U.S. refer to: ?Protestan ?Catholic ?Jewish 6.The majority of the Catholics in the U.S. are descendants of immigrants from Ireland, Italy and Poland. 7.American society is a stratified one in which power, wealth and pestige are unequally distributed among the population. 8.WASP stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant.

英语国家概况

英语国家概况-Land and people I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称:不列颠群岛,大不列颠和英格兰。 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称:大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones. 不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛(较大的一个)和爱尔兰岛,及成千上万个小岛组成。 4.Three political divisions on the island:England, Scotland and Wales. 大不列颠岛上有三个政治区:英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. 英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部,是最大,人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区:北部高地,中部低地及南部山陵。首府:爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府:加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府:贝尔法斯特。 5.The Commonwealth (of nations)is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体。它成立于1931年,至1990年止已有50个成员国。 II. Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 1.Geographical position of Britain: 英国的地理位置: Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 英国是一个岛国。它位于大西洋北部,与欧洲大陆的北海岸隔海相望。南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海将它与欧洲其它部分隔开。 2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands. 英国的西部和北部主要是高地,东部和东南部主要是低地。 III. Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊 Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Britain (1,343m).

英语国家概况课后题总结和答案

Chapter 1 land and people are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian. the geographical position of Britian Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands. Britain have a favourable climate why Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole has a small range of temperature,too. are the factors which influence the climate in Britain Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest

英语国家概况

英语国家概况》期末复习题(含答案) (第I卷客观题共45分) 1. 选择题(共30 分; 每题1 分) U.K. 1. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on ___ . D A. passing the bills B. advising the government C. political parties D. public attitude 2. The policies of the Conservative Party in Great Britain are characterized by pragmatism and . D A. government intervention B. nationalization of enterprises C. social reform D. a belief in individualism 3. Oxford University is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. 4. Cabinet members are chosen by ___ in Britain. B A. the monarch B. the Prime Minister C. the Archbishop D. the Lord Chancellor 5. English belongs to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of languages. 6. The Severn River is the longest river in Britain. 7. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except ___ . A A. Trooping the Color B. Queen 's Christmas message C. Boxing Day D. Christmas pantomime 8. Among Britain q'uaslity press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “ BigThree with the exception of The Observer. 9. In 2012, Britain had a population of about 63 million. 10. The two main islands of the British Isles are Great Britain and Ireland. 11. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher once said that, “ Britain and tht e dUSntiates will stand side by side ”. 12. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it ___ . A A. set up the National Health Services B. improved public transportation C. abolished the old tax system D. enhanced the economic development 13. Margaret Thatcher go'v s ernment introduced the biggest changes in British economic policy since World War II. 14. Charles Dickens is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19 th century. 15. The three principle features of the climate of Britain are the following EXCEPT ___ . C A. the frequent fog in winter B. the large number of rainy days C. extreme coldness even in summer D. changeability all the year round 16. Samuel Johnson 'dsictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of spelling in English. 17. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of Latin and Greek words to English. 18. __ was not among the four self-governing dominions in the British Empire. C A. Australia B. Canada C. India D. the Union of South Africa 19. Of the following sectors in Britain, service industry has experienced spectacular growth si nee the end of World War II. 20. Cambridge has more Nobel Prize winners than any other institution in Britain.

英语国家概况

《英语国家概况》补充材料 A:名词解释补充 The Pilgrim Fathers(英国清教徒): This is given to those members who made the first crossing on the famous Mayflower, which landed at Plymouth harbor in December 1620. Jacksonian democracy(杰克森式民主):It is used in American politics to describe the period when the “common man” participated in the government, occurring after Jeffersonian democracy. The Progressive Movement(革新运动):It was a reform movement that reached its height in the early 20th century. This arose as a response to the vast changes brought by industrialization. The Union Flag(英国国旗):Also known as the Union Jack. It is the national flag of the UK. It symbolizes the 4 administrative nations, the England, Scotland, Wales and the Northern Ireland. The red cross stands for England, the diagonal Red Cross stands for Ireland and the diagonal white cross stands for Scotland. British Commonwealth(英联邦):Also known as the Commonwealth of Nations. It includes the UK and the 40 or so former British colonies that are now sovereign states. It was formally established in 1931. European Union(欧盟):It is an economic and political union established in 1993. The establishment of the European Union expanded the political scope of the European Economic, especially in the area of foreign and security policies, and provided for the creation of a central European bank and the adoption of a common currency. Domesday Book(末日审判书): The written record of a census and survey of English landowners and their property made by order of William the Conqueror in 1085-1086. Stonehenge(巨石阵):A group of standing stones on a plain in the southern England. The arrangement of the stones suggests that it was used as a religious center and also as an astronomical observatory. Julius Caesar(凯撒大帝):He is a roman general, statesman and historian. He invaded British, conquered the army of his political enemy Pompey, and pursued other enemies to Egypt. He returned to Rome, and was given a order by the people to rule as dictator until he was murdered. Protestantism(新教): One of the 3 major branches of Christianity, originating in the 16th century Reformation in Europe. Margaret Thatcher(撒切尔夫人): She is the first British female Prime Minister who held the office of PM Longer than anyone else in the 20th century. She was elected in 1979, shored up a Conservative-led government, favored privatization plans. Her nickname is “The Iron Lady”; she was elected to three consecutive terms and resigned in1990 Keynesian(凯恩斯主义): The economic theories of economist Keynes, who advocate government monetary and fiscal programs, designed to increase employment and stimulate business activity. Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特教堂):A famous church located in London, where English monarchs are crowned and distinguished English subjects are buried. The Poets’ Corner conta ins the graves of great English writers. Grammar school: Originally meant to educate the young in Latin grammar and that of another European language. These schools in modern UK are intended to teach a highly academic class and teach students to deal with abstract concepts. The American Revolution(独立战争): Also known as the War of Independence, it began in 1775 and ended in 1783. It ended 2 centuries of British rule for most of the North American colonies and created the United States of America.

英语国家概况课程标准

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第一章British the republic of ireland became independent in the year(1949) the british empire was replaced by the british commonwealth in(1931) the English people and the English language were born from the union of(norman conquerors an the defeated anglo-sax ons the first known settlers of Britain were (the iberians) about 80000 scots speak gaelic which is an ancient (celtic language) the ancestors of the welsh were the ancient(celts) the average population density in Britain is(250)people per square kilo in 1066 harold and his troops fought against William on Senlac field near(hastlings) the Plantagenet dynasty was found by(henry 2) english reformation was carried out by(henry8) simon de Montfort reform beginning of English (parliament) from 1649 to 1658,it was ruled first by oliver Cromwell as(lord protector) it was during the reign of(anne)the the name great Britain came into being in 1707 the 1851 london great exposition was held in the crystal palace designed by queen(victoria)husband albert. the house of commons has(650)members of parliament british conservative party(tory)party in the 18th century the house of common is headed by(the speaker) the economic policy in the 1950s and 1960s was based on(john maynard keynes) in Britain less than(2/)are farmers britain became a net exporter of oil in the(1980s) the following financial institutions have their headquarters in London except(royal bank of scotland) to stimulate economic recovery, the thacher polcies but(interventionism) britain is the(sixth)largest trading nation british oil fields were discovered on the(north sea) the national health service was established in(1948) (central government)is directly responsible for the nhs children up to the age of (16) can receive family allowance for children (the baptists)is not among the anglican churches (the Methodist church)is the largest of the free churches the principal non-Christian communities in Britain are(the jews) the church of scotland is a(Presbyterian) (the free churches)in Britain have also been known as dissenters (7) roman catholic provinces in great Britain the church of english has two provinces, they are(Canterbury and york) there are some (90)universities the universities of oxford and cambridge date from the (12th and 13th) (public schools)are independent schools secondary education in(northern ireland) is selective harrow school is a(public school) higher education is usually defined as advanced course of a standard higher(gce a level) the following universities belong to red brick except(glasgow) the leading scientific society in Britain is(the royal society) the times is a (quality daily) the daily mirror is a popular daily

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Chapter1 1.The two main islands of the British Isles are A . 不列颠群岛的两个主要岛屿是 A. Great Britain and Ireland B. Great Britain and Scotland C. Great Britain and Wales D. Great Britain and England 2. B is the capital city of Scotland. 是苏格兰的首府 A. Belfast B. Edinburgh C. Aberdeen D. Cardiff 3.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, D is the smallest. 在英国的四个部分中,是最小的 A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland 4.group of Indo-European family of languages. A. Celtic B. Indo-Iranian C. Germanic D. Roman 5.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of D words to English. 基督教传入英国,增加了英语的第一个元素。 A. Danish and Finnish B. Dutch and German C. French and Italian D. Latin and Greek 6.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the A influence. 中间英语的演变因影响而增强 A. Norman B. Dutch C. German D. Danish 7.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of C . 塞缪尔约翰逊的字典对建立标准形式有很大影响 A. grammar B. handwriting C. spelling D. pronunciation 8.’s population communicate in English. A. half B. a quarter C. one third D. one fifth Chapter2 9. A. Norman B. Danish C. Celtic D. Germanic 10. A. Celtic Christianity B. Anglo-Saxon Christianity C. Germanic Christianity D. Roman Christianity 11.The C marked the establishment of feudalism in England. 标志着英国封建制度的建立 A. Viking invasion B. signing of the Magna Carta C. Norman Conquest D. Adoption of common law 12.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of C . 玫瑰战争的结束导致了统治的结束

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