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AIX高级特性和AIX 7新功能介绍
张勇 系统工程师 IBM系统与科技事业部
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议程
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AIX 概要 AIX 高级特性介绍 AIX 7新功能介绍
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AIX 20多年的辉煌历程
1986-1992 1994-1996 1997-1999 2001-2002 2004-2005 2007 2010
AIX/6000
AIX V2 & V3
Establishment in the market: - RISC Support - UNIX credibility - Open Sys. Stds.. - Dynamic Kernel - JFS and LVM - SMIT
AIX V4.1/4.2
SMP Scalability: - POWERPC spt. - 4-8 way SMP - Kernel Threads - Client/Server pkg - NFS V3 - CDE - UNIX95 branded - NIM - > 2GB filesystems -HACMP Clustering - POSIX 1003.1, 1003.2, XPG4 - Runtime Linking - Java 1.1.2
AIX V4.3
Higher levels of scalability: - 24-way SMP - 64-bit HW support - 96 GB memory - UNIX98 branded - TCP/IP V6 - IPsec - Web Sys. Mgr. - LDAP Dir. Server. - Workload Mgr - Java JDT/JIT - Direct I/O - Alt. Disk Install - Exp/Bonus CDs
AIX 5L V5.1/5.2
Flexible Resource Management: - POWER4+ spt. - Dynamic LPAR - Dynamic CUoD - New 64bit kernel - 512GB mem - JFS2 - 16 TB filesystems - UNIX03 branded - Concurrent I/O - MultiPath I/O - Flex LDAP Client - XSSO PAM spt
AIX 5L V5.3
Advanced Virtualization: - POWER5 support - 64-way SMP - SMT - MicroPartitions? - Virt I/O Server - Partition Load Mgr - NFS Version 4 - Adv. Accounting - Scaleable VG - JFS2 Shrink - SUMA - SW RAS features - POSIX Realtime
AIX 6
Enterprise RAS: -POWER6 support -Workload Partitions -Application Mobility -Continuous Avail. -Storage Keys -Dynamic tracing -Software FFDC -Recovery Rtns -Concurrent MX -Trusted AIX -RBAC -Encrypting JFS2 -AIX Security Expert -Director Console
AIX 7
Future of UNIX: -256 core/1024 tread scalability -POWER7 Exploitation -Domain based RBAC - AIX Profile Manager -WPAR enhancements -AIX 5.2 in a WPAR -PowerVM virtualized storage -LVM SSD support -Terabyte segment
AIX V3.2.5
Maturity: - Stability - Quality
Open Systems Distributed Network Centric e-Business Computing Workstations Client-Server Computing
Uni-processor
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On Demand New Enterprise Smarter Data Center Planet Business
64/256-way SMT 1024-way SMT4
4-8 way SMP
24-way SMP
32-way SMP
Customer Experience
用户评测IBM AIX是最优秀、最有前途的UNIX操作系统
(Gabriel Consulting Group对全球227个用户的调查)
Overall Technology
including system performance, scalability, availability, etc.
99.92
100 Average Vendor Pref Index Score 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
IBM, 42.44%
Predicted Dominant UNIX Vendor in 2011
87.33 77.29
Sun, 33.61% HP, 23.95%
HP
IBM
Sun
IBM leads in overall technology, as well as customer perception of longevity and commitment to the UNIX market.
Notes: Average respondent controls 25-50 UNIX servers for a mid-size organization. 75% run heterogeneous environments. Equal mix of IBM, Sun, and HP shops.
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IBM Power服务器+AIX能够提供 99.997%的系统可用性
AIX & Power Systems delivers the best reliability of UNIX, Linux, and Windows
54% of IT executives and managers say that they require 99.99% or better availability for their applications
Reliability: The fewest unscheduled outages
? Less than one outage per year Corporate Enterprise Downtime (Hours per Year) IBM AIX POWER
Sun Solaris / SPARC HP UX 11/ PA RISC Apple MAC HP UX 11/ HP Integrity Red Hat Enterprise Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2003 Open Source Linux
Source: ITIC 2009 Global Server Hardware & Server OS Reliability Survey Results, July 7, 2009 Fully paper is available at https://www.doczj.com/doc/3e9561350.html,/aix
Availability: The least amount of downtime
? 15 minutes a year ? 2.3 times better than the closest UNIX competitor ? More than 10X better than Windows
Serviceability: The fastest patch time
? 11 minutes to apply a patch
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IBM AIX和Power服务器获得UNIX平台最高的安全认证
2005
AIX 5200-06 CAPP/EAL4+
Application: 01/11/05 Final report: 10/26/05 Certificate: 12/14/05
2006
AIX 5L 5200-05 and Pitbull LSPP/EAL4+
Application :01/11/05 Certificate issued: 05/16/06
2007
2010
AIX 7100-00) CAPP/RBACPP/LSPP/EAL4+
Supports P7, P6, P5, P4
AIX 5300-05 LSPP/EAL4+
Pitbull product Supports P5, P4 Certificate issued: 12/19/06
AIX 6100-00) CAPP/RBACPP/LSPP/EAL4+
MLS capabilities integrated into standard AIX product One certification for 3 Protection Profiles Supports P6, P5, P4
Pitbull MLS Ported to AIX 5300-03
Pitbull product available to customers Dec 31, 05
Certification History
AIX 4.2 C2: Apr 24, 1997 AIX 4.3 C2: May 6, 19987 AIX 5.2 CAPP/EAL4+ : Nov 4, 2002 POWER4 HW CAPP/EAL4+ : Apr 2003 AIX 5.2 ML1 CAPP/EAL4+ : Sept 8, 2003 AIX 5.2 ML6 CAPP/EAL4+ : Dec 14, 2005 AIX 5.2 ML5 and Pitbull LSPP: May 16, 2006 AIX 5.3 TL5 and Pitbull LSPP: May 16, 2006 AIX 5.2 TL4 & VIOS CAPP/EAL4+: Dec 16, 2006 POWER6: Dec, 2007 AIX 6: May 26, 2008
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AIX 5300-04 CAPP/EAL4+
Supports P5, P4 Certificate issued: 12/19/06
POWER6 Hardware EAL4+
Dynamic LPAR with MicroPartitioning
VIOS EAL4+
Included with AIX 53.00-04 CAPP/EAL4+
Legend
AIX V5.2 AIX V5.3 AIX 6 AIX 7 (Planned) VIOS POWER6 *All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only
议程
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AIX 概要 AIX 高级特性介绍 AIX 7新功能介绍
AIX高级特性: 虚拟化(Virtualization)
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IBM PowerVM虚拟化体系架构
Workload management and provisioning
AIX Shared partitions
WPAR WPAR
AIX
Dedicated partitions
Linux
partitions
IBM i
Virtual I/O server
Virtual network & storage
Virtual I/O server On demand
Virtual network & storage resources
WPAR
AIX kernels
Linux kernels
SLIC
Power Hypervisor
Virtual Network Virtual processors
Virtual adapters
Processors
Service processor
Memory Expansion slots Local devices & storage Networks and network storage
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AIX 工作负载分区（WPAR, Workload Partitions）
什么是WPAR？
?Virtualized AIX operating system environments within a single AIX image ?Each WPAR shares the single AIX operating system ?AIX 7 added the capability to run AIX 5.2 in a WPAR* ?Applications and users inside a WPAR cannot affect resources outside the WPAR* ?Each WPAR can have a regulated share of processor, memory and other resources ?Two types of WPAR
System WPARs have separate security and appear like a completely separate OS Application WPARs are manageability wrappers around a single application
WPAR的用途
? WPARs are designed to save administrator work by reducing the number of AIX instances to patch ? WPARs have much lower memory resource requirements: 68 MB vs 1GB for an LPAR ? WPAR takes seconds to create and LPARs minutes ? Application mobility much simpler to organize than LPM
Disk or NFS storage Networks
? Lots of WPARs on one AIX is simpler to monitor and control than monitoring across many LPARs. ? Rapid cloning is easy and lets you use "disposable images" simple to create, experiment and throw away
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* Requires purchase of the AIX 5.2 WPARs for AIX 7 product
WPAR共享文件和应用提高系统管理的效率
Application installed in Global instance and used by multiple WPARs
Global FS
Global filesystems
/ /etc /usr application code /opt application code (or here) /var /tmp /appserver application code (or here)
/ /etc /usr /opt /var /tmp /appsvr
AIX
global Instance
WPAR FS App Server 1
/ /etc /var /tmp /config
Workload Partition
App Server #1
Workload Partition
Workload Partition
Billing
System WPAR filesystems
/ r/w - unique per WPAR /etc r/w - unique per WPAR /usr r/o from global (typically) /opt r/o from global (typically) /var r/w - unique per WPAR /tmp r/w - unique per WPAR /appserver r/o from global /config r/w uniq per WPAR (example)
WPAR FS App Server 1
/ /etc /var /tmp /config
App Server #2
Workload Partition
Workload Partition
BI
Web Server
NFS
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AIX System Workload Partition
WPAR Manager Create Delete Start Stop Pause Resume Clone Move Monitor IP FS LUN IP FS LUN IP FS LUN
POWER4, POWER5, or POWER6, POWER7 Logical Partition Global Hardware Global Processes Private Global Filesystems
/ /tmp /home
Shareable Global Filesystems
/proc /opt /usr
Global Users
/var
AIX 6.1 Global Environment System WPAR – AIX 6.1 Local Processes Local Local Apps Apps Local Users Local Users System WPAR – AIX 6.1 Local Processes Local Local Apps Apps Local Users
System WPAR – AIX 6.1 Local Processes Local Local Apps Apps
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WPAR with Storage Devices and RootVG support
hdisk0
Virtual Adapter 1 hdisk17 hdisk20 hdisk1 Adapter 1 Virtual Adapter 2 WPAR 1
hdisk42 Adapter 2
hdisk0 Global System Virtual Adapter 1 WPAR 2
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WPAR动态迁移（AIX Live Application Mobility）
What is it?
?The capability to relocate a running Workload Partition from one system to another without restarting the application ?The application running inside the WPAR resumes running after the relocation is complete ?Works with systems based on POWER7, POWER6, POWER5 and POWER4 processors ?Requires the IBM PowerVM Workload Partitions Manager for AIX product, a Systems Director advanced manager ?Manual or automatic, policy based relocation
AIX # 1 AIX # 2
How it can help?
Workload Partition e-mail
Workload Partition Dev
Workload Partition App Server
Workload Partition QA
Workload Partition Billing
?Can make it easier to consolidate workloads from underutilized servers ?Can provide increased flexibility to manage workloads by easily moving the workload to another system ?Facilitates increased reliability by allowing workloads to be moved away during planned outages ?Automated, policy based relocation can reduce administrative workload ?Provides a way to manage availability and workload of your IT infrastructure without significantly impacting end users
Workload Partition Web
Workload Partition Data Mining
PowerVM? Workload Partitions Manager for AIX
Policy
Shared Storage (SAN or NFS)
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WPAR Live Application Mobility with SAN Devices
WPAR MGR Node B
Mobile SAN WPAR: Alice
Node A
SAN disk: root FSs
Bob
Alice
SAN disk: NON-root FSs
SAN disk array
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AIX Workload Partitions Manager
? Management of WPARS across multiple systems ? From WPAR Manager v2.1 -- System Director plug-In ? Single Console for:
– Graphical Interface – Create & Remove – Start & stop – Checkpoint & Restart – Monitoring & Reporting – Manual Relocation – Automated Relocation – Policy driven change
Global Level WPAR Agent
Browser
WPAR Manage r
Web Service
Global Level WPAR Agent Global Level WPAR Agent
? Infrastructure Optimization
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微分区和WPAR的功能对比
需求 微分区
WPAR
硬件隔离 最少的AIX操作系统映像 服务器整合 最大的灵活性 跨系统工作负载管理 在不同系统之间迁移工作负载 最有效地使用系统资源 在POWER7上运行AIX 5.2
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WPAR 演示
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AIX高级特性: 安全性(Security)
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